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Journal articles on the topic 'Indicator diagram'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 28 May 2022

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1

He, Yanfeng, Yali Liu, Shuai Shao, Xuhang Zhao, Guojun Liu, Xiangji Kong, and Lu Liu. "Application of CNN-LSTM in Gradual Changing Fault Diagnosis of Rod Pumping System." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2019 (November 3, 2019): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/4203821.

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Owing to the importance of rod pumping system fault detection using an indicator diagram, indicator diagram identification has been a challenging task in the computer-vision field. The gradual changing fault is a special type of fault because it is not clearly indicated in the indicator diagram at the onset of its occurrence and can only be identified when an irreversible damage in the well has been caused. In this paper, we proposed a new method that combines the convolutional neural network (CNN) and long short-term memory (LSTM) network to perform a gradual changing fault classification. In particular, we employed CNN to extract the indicator diagram multilevel abstraction features based on its hierarchical structure. We considered the change in the time series of indicator diagrams as a sequence and employed LSTM to perform recognition. Compared with traditional mathematical model diagnosis methods, CNN-LSTM overcame the limitations of the traditional mathematical model theoretical analysis such as unclear assumption conditions and improved the diagnosis accuracy. Finally, 1.3 million sets of well production were set as a training dataset and used to evaluate CNN-LSTM. The results demonstrated the effectiveness of utilizing CNN and LSTM to recognize a gradual changing fault using the indicator diagram and characteristic parameters. The accuracy reached 98.4%, and the loss was less than 0.9%.

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2

KURCZYŃSKI, Dariusz, Michał WARIANEK, and Piotr ŁAGOWSKI. "Analysis of the uniqueness of the combustion process of the Perkins 1104D-E44TA engine in dual-fuel operation powered by natural gas and diesel fuel." Combustion Engines 177, no. 2 (May 1, 2019): 156–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.19206/ce-2019-228.

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The paper presents the results of the research on the uniqueness of the combustion process in the Perkins 1104D-E44TA engine already equipped with a Common Rail injection system, and then adapted on an engine test stand to dual-fuel operation. The result of the combustion process is an indicator diagram. The combustion process in the cylinder of the tested engine was evaluated by determining the uniqueness indicators of subsequent operating cycles, such as: the uniqueness indicator for the maximum pressure of the operating cycle, the uniqueness indicator for the mean indicated pressure, the uniqueness indicator for the indicated diagram and the uniqueness indicator for the partial indicator diagram. The conducted tests and the analysis of the results showed the impact of dual-fuel power supply of the tested engine on the combustion process, as compared to supplying the engine only with diesel fuel, for which it has been optimized.

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3

Xie, Wei Dong, Kan Gao, and Ji Sheng Shen. "Research on Indicator Diagram of Shock Absorber Fault Recognition Based on Support Vector Machine." Advanced Materials Research 765-767 (September 2013): 2195–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.765-767.2195.

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In order to meet the development of shock absorber on-line detection, a new method of indicator diagrams recognition for shock absorber based on support vector machine (SVM) is proposed. Different fault patterns of shock absorber indicator diagram are discussed, including their main causes. The recognition model is constructed each with Linear, Polynomial and Radial Basis Function (RBF) kernel function. The experimental results show that the best average recognition rate is 96.4%. This method is effective in indicator diagram fault recognition of shock absorber.

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4

Du, Yi, Peng Zhao, and Ting Zhang. "Fault Recognition of Indicator Diagrams Based on the Dynamic Time Warping Distance of Differential Curves." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2021 (February 9, 2021): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/6690930.

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Oil recovery with pumping units is widely used in oilfield development at present. The management level of pumping units is related to the overall economic benefit of oilfield. In order to effectively control the production management of pumping wells, it is necessary to take all the production data to formulate a reasonable working system and make continuous analyses about the daily management level of pumping wells. The analysis and interpretation of the indicator diagram is a direct understanding way about the situation of deep well pumps in petroleum engineering. However, the complicated practical oilfield conditions often lead to the distortion of regular indicator diagrams, resulting in the low efficiency of fault-type diagnosis and wrong recognition. A new method of identifying the fault type of indicator diagrams is proposed by using the dynamic time warping (DTW) distance, through which a two-dimensional indicator diagram is transformed into a one-dimensional differential curve. The experimental results of real indicator diagrams show that the method is effective for the type diagnosis of indicator diagrams with high accuracy and fast speed.

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5

Ambrozik, Andrzej. "Glued Functions - Based Assessment of Interpolation Accuracy of Self-Ignition Engine Real Indicator Diagram." Solid State Phenomena 180 (November 2011): 261–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.180.261.

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The paper aims to provide an analysis and accuracy assessment of the interpolation of real indicator diagrams, averaged over 50 runs, performed with the use of glued functions which analytically describe the form of those diagrams. The analysis and accuracy assessment were carried out for values of mean indicated pressure p¬i and indicated efficiency determined for real and interpolated diagrams. The paper also presents the analysis and assessment of error in the determination of the mean maximum pressure value in the working cycle of the AD3.152 UR engine fuelled by diesel oil, pure methyl ester of rapeseed oil fatty acids FAME and the blend of both fuels marked B20. When the indicator diagram was taken experimentally, the engine operated in the mode of external speed characteristics at the crankshaft rotational velocity n=2000 rpm.

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6

Voronkov, V. A., and V. N. Danilov. "ADD Diagram as an Indicator of Errors." Russian Journal of Nondestructive Testing 40, no. 1 (January 2004): 76–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/b:runt.0000036434.86823.94.

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7

Xu, Xing, Zhen Cui, and Jin Chao Zhang. "Plumpness Analysis of Indicator Diagram for Vehicle Damper." Applied Mechanics and Materials 415 (September 2013): 582–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.415.582.

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According to the indicator diagram of damper, the indicator diagram plumpness was proposed as a quantitative index, and its mathematical relationships with the sprung mass acceleration, suspension dynamic travel and tire dynamic load were built. Moreover, the influence of the total area on suspension characteristics was analyzed in time domain and frequency domain. The results show that, the increase of the indicator diagram plumpness can effectively restrain the variation of suspension dynamic travel and tire dynamic load, meanwhile, the body acceleration will be enlarged. Excessive indicator diagram plumpness also affects the dynamic tire load distribution in frequency domain, and it will decrease the driving security. Therefore, it should be reasonably selected from the performance indicators, which is based on the requirement of vehicle demand in the design process.

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8

Taranin, A. G. "USAGE FEATURES OF THE ELECTRONIC INDICATORS FOR SHIP’S AND SHORE POWER SUPPLY FOUR– STROKE INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES (DIESEL ENGINES)." EurasianUnionScientists 5, no. 4(73) (May 12, 2020): 35–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.31618/esu.2413-9335.2020.5.73.681.

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The present publication illuminate the tasks as follows: Electronic indicator proper usage at four–stroke internal combustion engines (diesel engines) indication; Indication results & diagram proper transfer to PC; indicator diagram top dead center TDC correction and engine performance data output values such as PMI–mean indicated pressure, PME–mean effective pressure, NIND–indicated power and NEFF–effective power proper calculations for each cylinder and engine total.

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9

Taranin, A. G. "USAGE FEATURES OF THE ELECTRONIC INDICATORS FOR SHIP’S AND SHORE POWER SUPPLY TWO– STROKE INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES (DIESEL ENGINES)." EurasianUnionScientists 5, no. 4(73) (May 12, 2020): 42–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.31618/esu.2413-9335.2020.5.73.682.

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The present publication illuminate the tasks as follows: Electronic indicator proper usage at four–stroke internal combustion engines (diesel engines) indication; Indication results & diagram proper transfer to PC; indicator diagram top dead center TDC correction and engine performance data output values such as PMI–mean indicated pressure, PME–mean effective pressure, NIND–indicated power and NEFF–effective power proper calculations for each cylinder and engine total.

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10

Taranin, A. G. "USAGE FEATURES OF THE ELECTRONIC INDICATORS FOR SHIP’S AND SHORE POWER SUPPLY FOUR– STROKE INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES (DIESEL ENGINES)." National Association of Scientists 1, no. 27(54) (May 14, 2020): 32–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.31618/nas.2413-5291.2020.1.54.186.

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The present publication illuminate the tasks as follows: Electronic indicator proper usage at four–stroke internal combustion engines (diesel engines) indication; Indication results & diagram proper transfer to PC; indicator diagram top dead center TDC correction and engine performance data output values such as PMI–mean indicated pressure, PME–mean effective pressure, NIND–indicated power and NEFF–effective power proper calculations for each cylinder and engine total.

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11

Taranin, A. G. "USAGE FEATURES OF THE ELECTRONIC INDICATORS FOR SHIP’S AND SHORE POWER SUPPLY TWO– STROKE INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES (DIESEL ENGINES)." National Association of Scientists 1, no. 27(54) (May 14, 2020): 39–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.31618/nas.2413-5291.2020.1.54.187.

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The present publication illuminate the tasks as follows: Electronic indicator proper usage at four–stroke internal combustion engines (diesel engines) indication; Indication results & diagram proper transfer to PC; indicator diagram top dead center TDC correction and engine performance data output values such as PMI–mean indicated pressure, PME–mean effective pressure, NIND–indicated power and NEFF–effective power proper calculations for each cylinder and engine total

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12

Пузанов, Андрей, Andrey Puzanov, Евгений Ершов, and Evgeniy Ershov. "SIMULATION OF INDICATOR DIAGRAM OF AXIAL-PLUNGER HYDRO-MACHINE." Bulletin of Bryansk state technical university 2017, no. 3 (October 2, 2017): 29–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/article_59b11cb6b73246.75005655.

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13

Yang, Guang, Tiefeng Wang, and Peng Zhang. "Research on curve smoothing algorithm for diesel indicator diagram." Vibroengineering PROCEDIA 32 (June 29, 2020): 179–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.21595/vp.2020.21360.

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14

Polanowski, Stanisław, Rafał Pawletko, and Kazimierz Witkowski. "Influence of the Indicator Channel and Indicator Valve on the Heat Release Characteristics of Medium Speed Marine Diesel Engines." Key Engineering Materials 588 (October 2013): 149–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.588.149.

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Analysis of the indicator diagram is the basis of technical state evaluation of marine diesel engines. The indicator diagram contains a large amount of diagnostic information. A major problem for the diagnostic use of the indicator diagram is the pressure sensor location. Indicator channel and valve may introduce significant distortions in the resulting pressure. The paper presents results of research conducted on the medium speed laboratory engine Al 25/30. Pressure measurement (indication) was made by the sensor placed directly in the cylinder (instead of starting air valve), before the indicator valve (with special Kistler adapter) and on the indicator valve. Distortion of heat release characteristics for the sensor placed on the indicator valve is important, but it is estimated that diagnostic information is not erased. For medium speed engines is to be expected the use of a portable pressure sensors placed on the indicator valve. For this reason, further research is needed to assess the impact of channels and valves on different cylinders. During the research the course of heat release rate q and the heat released Q were determined. The curve of heat release rate q is a full equivalent to fuel injection pressure curve in the fuel pipes. It allows identification of the failure of the injection system. The curve of Q allows such determination and assessment of internal efficiency of the cylinder.

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15

Ding, Erming, Fangwei Xie, Heng Dai, Qingsong Gao, Jin Zhang, Yixian Feng, and Hongtuo Liu. "Fluid flow modeling of a four-stage damping adjustable shock absorber and its experimental research." International Journal of Structural Integrity 9, no. 1 (February 5, 2018): 17–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijsi-03-2017-0016.

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Purpose In order to improve the ride comfort of vehicle suspension, this paper first proposed a shock absorber with four-stage adjustable damping forces. The purpose of this paper is to validate its modeling and characteristics, indicator diagrams and velocity diagrams, which are the main research points. Design/methodology/approach In order to validate the fluid flow modeling, a series of mathematical modeling is established and solved by using Matlab/Simulink. An experiment rig based on electro-hydraulic loading servo system is designed to test the prototype. Finally, indicator diagram and velocity diagram are obtained and compared both in simulation and experiments. Findings Results indicate that at the same damping position, damping force will increase with the rise of rod’s velocity: if the rod’s velocity is fixed, the damping force changes apparently by altering the damping position. The shock absorber is softest at damping position 1, and it is hardest at damping position 4; although there is no any badly empty stroke and skewness in indicator diagram by simulation, a temporary empty stroke happens at maximum displacement of piston rob, both in rebound and compression strokes. Research limitations/implications Compared with results of the simulation and experiments, the design of a four-stage damping adjustable shock absorber (FDASA) is validated correctly in application, and may improve the overall dynamic performance of vehicle. Originality/value This paper is mainly focused on the design and testing of an FDASA, which may obtain four-stages damping characteristics, that totally has a vital importance to improve the performance of vehicle suspension.

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16

Polanowski, Stanisław. "Application of movable approximation and wavelet decomposition to smoothing-out procedure of ship engine indicator diagrams." Polish Maritime Research 14, no. 2 (April 1, 2007): 12–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10012-007-0008-y.

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Application of movable approximation and wavelet decomposition to smoothing-out procedure of ship engine indicator diagrams In this paper - on the basis of indicator diagram processing taken as an example - were shown possibilities of the smoothing-out and decomposing of run disturbances with the use of the movable multiple approximation based on the least squares criterion. The notion was defined of movable approximating object and constraints used to form approximation features. It was demonstrated that the multiple approximation can be used to decompose disturbances out of an analyzed run. The obtained smoothing-out results were compared with those obtained from full-interval approximation of runs by means of splines as well as wavelet decomposition with using various wavelets, Wavelet Explorer and Mathematica software. Smoothing-out quality was assessed by comparing runs of first derivatives which play crucial role in the advanced processing of indicator diagrams.

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17

Mitrokhin, Sergey. "Asymptotics of the Spectrum of a Periodic Boundary ValueProblem for an Odd-Order Differential Operator." Mathematical Physics and Computer Simulation, no. 2 (July 2021): 5–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.15688/mpcm.jvolsu.2021.2.1.

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The spectrum of a differential operator of high odd order with periodic boundary conditions is studied. The asymptotics of the fundamental system of solutions of the differential equation defining the operator are obtained by the method of successive Picard approximations. With the help of this fundamental system of solutions the periodic boundary conditions are studied. As a result, the equation for the eigenvalues of the differential operator under study is obtained, which is a quasi-polynomial. The indicator diagram of this equation, which is a regular polygon, is investigated. In each of the sectors of the complex plane, defined by the indicator diagram, the asymptotics of the eigenvalues of the operator under study is found. An equation for the eigenvalues of the differential operator under study is derived. The indicator diagram of this equation has been studied. The asymptotics of the eigenvalues of the studied operator in different sectors of the indicator diagram is found.

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18

SHUDHO, Toshio, Shigemi NABETANI, and Yasuo NAKAJIMA. "Combustion Analysis in a Hydrogen-Fueled Engine with Indicator Diagram." Transactions of the Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers Series B 67, no. 654 (2001): 559–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/kikaib.67.559.

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19

Deuszkiewicz, Piotr, Jacek Dziurdź, and Paweł Fabiś. "Modeling the Influence of Engine Dynamics on Its Indicator Diagram." Sensors 21, no. 23 (November 26, 2021): 7885. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21237885.

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This article presents a proposal to describe the pressure changes in the combustion chamber of an engine as a function of the angle of rotation of the crankshaft, taking into account changes in rotational speed resulting from acceleration. The aim of the proposed model is to determine variable piston forces in simulation studies of torsional vibrations of a crankshaft with a vibration damper during the acceleration process. Its essence is the use of a Fourier series as a continuous function to describe pressure changes in one cycle of work. Such a solution is required due to the variable integration step during the simulation. It was proposed to determine the series coefficients on the basis of a Fourier transform of the averaged waveform of a discreet open indicator diagram, calculated for the registration of successive cycles. Recording of the indicative pressure waveforms and shaft angle sensor signals was carried out during tests on the chassis dynamometer. An analysis of the influence of the adopted number of series coefficients on the representation of signal energy was carried out. The model can also take into account the phenomenon of work cycle uniqueness by introducing random changes in the coefficients with magnitudes set on the basis of determined standard deviations for each coefficient of the series. An indispensable supplement to the model is a description of changes in the engine rotational speed, used as a control signal for the PID controller in the simulation of the load performed by the dynamometer. The accuracy of determining the instantaneous rotational speed was analyzed on the basis of signals from the crankshaft position angle sensor and the piston top dead center (TDC) sensor. Limitations resulting from the parameters of digital signal recording were defined.

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20

Turchinskaya, M. J., L. A. Bendersky, A. J. Shapiro, K. S. Chang, I. Takeuchi, and A. L. Roytburd. "Rapid constructing magnetic phase diagrams by magneto-optical imaging of composition spread films." Journal of Materials Research 19, no. 9 (September 2004): 2546–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.2004.0327.

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In this paper we present a new method of the rapid construction of magnetic phase diagrams in a temperature-composition space, using magneto-optic imaging with an indicator film technique (MOIF). The method is applied for mapping the diagram for the La1–xCaxMnO3 colossal magneto-resistive oxide, using the spread films deposited on a SrTiO3 substrate. The constructed magnetic diagram is in a good agreement with data on uniform films and bulk crystals of this system. The MOIF study of transitions under cooling and heating has revealed the formation of a non-magnetic phase in the area of temperatures from 5 K to 57 K and compositions from x = 0 to x = 0.5.

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21

Dimitrov, E. "Computer program for indicator diagram processing of the internal combustion engine." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 977 (December 18, 2020): 012012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/977/1/012012.

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22

Shcherba, V. E., E. A. Dorofeev, and E. A. Pavlyuchenko. "Schematization of the Discharge Process in a Reciprocating Compressor Indicator Diagram." Chemical and Petroleum Engineering 57, no. 9-10 (January 2022): 747–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10556-022-01002-6.

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23

Li, Juanni, and Jun Shao. "A fault diagnosis method based on the Support Vector Machine in rod pumping systems." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2125, no. 1 (November 1, 2021): 012004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2125/1/012004.

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Abstract Monitoring the working status of the sucker rod pump is an important part in petroleum engineering. With the development of artificial intelligence technology, more methods have been applied to the fault diagnosis of rod pumping systems. An evolutional fault diagnosis method based on Support Vector Machine (SVM) in sucker rod pumping systems is proposed. Fourier descriptors and Light Field compression algorithm are used in this method to extract the graphic features of the indicator diagram. SVM is used to build fault classification model. This method is verified experimentally through data of indicator diagrams and the results show that it has a shorter training time and higher accuracy.

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24

Safitri, Risa Hani, I. Gusti Agung Bagus Mataram, and I. Putu Krisna Arta Widana. "Analysis of Receptionist Service Quality to Increase Guest Satisfaction at Hotel Yusro Jombang." International Journal of Green Tourism Research and Applications 3, no. 2 (December 28, 2021): 58. http://dx.doi.org/10.31940/ijogtra.v3i2.58-68.

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This study aimed to analyze the level of receptionist service quality in increasing guest satisfaction at Hotel Yusro Jombang, East Java. The number of samples used was 60 respondents, with a purposive sampling data collection technique. The primary data collection method for service quality variables is using a questionnaire that has been tested for its validity and reliability. The analysis technique used is Customer Satisfaction Index, Servqual, and Importance Performance Analysis, presented in a Cartesian diagram. This study indicates that there is a negative, positive and neutral gap between guest perceptions and expectations. Customers are satisfied with the services provided because the value of the positive gap is more than the negative. The quality level of receptionist service in improving guest satisfaction at Hotel Yusro Jombang has been good, because the value of customer satisfaction index (CSI) of 90.22% is in the range of 81%-100%, meaning, in general, the guest satisfaction index at Hotel Yusro Jombang is on the "very satisfied" criteria. Next, based on the result of importance-performance analysis, each indicator's position in the cartesius diagram found an indicator that is a priority to be fixed, i.e., indicator in the A quadrant and an indicator that is an achievement to be maintained indicator which is in the B quadrant. As for indicators that are considered most satisfying by guests, they are X3 indicators, X5 indicators, and X10 indicators, each of them has a score of 0.04.

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Kalnitskiy, F. E., D. l. Morozov, M. G. Tatarov, and A. I. Fedulov. "Thermodynamicly similar indicator diagrams of the heat engines Energy non-dimensional diagram of the heat engine closed cycle." Izvestia MGTU MAMI 1, no. 2 (2020): 10–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.31992/2074-0530-2020-44-2-10-17.

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26

Suaidah, Suaidah. "PERANCANGAN MONITORING PRESTASI AKADEMIK DAN AKTIVITAS SISWA MENGGUNAKAN PENDEKATAN KEY PERFORMANCE INDICATOR (STUDI KASUS SMA N 1 KALIREJO)." Jurnal Tekno Kompak 12, no. 2 (August 16, 2018): 62. http://dx.doi.org/10.33365/jtk.v12i2.154.

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Sekolah saat ini adalah prioritas utama bagi pihak orang tua agar anak-anaknya dapat menuntut ilmu dan menjadi anak yang cerdas, pintar dan berbakti kepada orang tua dan dapat membanggakan nama baik keluarga maupun bangsa, namun saat ini kondisi pendidikan yang ada di Indonesia khususnya di tempat pedalaman atau tempat-tempat yang jarang dapat perhatian oleh pemerintah mengalami kemunduran bagi sarana dan prasarana dan kurangnya pemanfaatan teknologi sekarang ini, sehingga harus dilakukan perubahan agar dapat memanfaaatkannya dengan baik. Metode yang digunakan dalam pemecahan masalah pada penelitian ini adalah metode pengembangan sistem menggunakan metode Waterfall serta perancangan sistem menggunakan UML (Unified Modelling Language): Usecase Diagram, Activity Diagram, Class Diagram, dan Sequence Diagram, sedangkan untuk bahasa pemrograman menggunakan PHP, aplikasinya dreamweaver dan MySQL sebagai database Monitoring.Perancangan Monitoring prestasi akademik dan aktifitas siswa berbasis web dapat memudahkan guru, orang tua dalam mengetahui informasi nilai si anak dengan cara membuka website Perancangan Monitoring Prestasi Akademik dan Aktifitas Siswa.Kata Kunci : Monitoring Web, UML, Metode Waterfall

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Peng, Xueyuan, Ziwen Xing, Tiansheng Cui, and Liansheng Li. "Analysis of the working process in an oil-flooded screw compressor by means of an indicator diagram." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part A: Journal of Power and Energy 216, no. 6 (September 1, 2002): 465–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/095765002761034230.

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This paper presents the results of an experimental investigation of the thermodynamic processes in an oil-flooded screw compressor. The pressure within the working chamber is measured with a small pressure sensor, embedded in the female rotor on the discharge side. The results so obtained were transformed into an indicator diagram. Based on the indicator diagrams at various operating conditions, the working process is analysed. Owing to oil restricting back-flow of the gas through the discharge port, constant-volume compression is not evident even at substantial under-compression conditions, thus making the compressor maintain a high efficiency over a wide range of pressure ratios. However, the additional power consumption resulting from over-compression is comparatively large at pressure ratios lower than that for which the compressor was designed. So a compressor with fixed volume ratio should be designed with the built-in volume ratio low enough to avoid this effect. At the end of the discharge process, the pressure rises steeply due to increased resistance to oil flow, and therefore, the design of a flow-guiding slot to assist oil discharge is recommended. Higher rotating speeds increase the pressure slightly, but the losses associated with this are compensated by the increased volumetric efficiency. Thus a screw compressor maintains its isentropic efficiency over a wide range of speeds. Larger oil:gas ratio presents a higher pressure level in the indicator diagram, offsetting the improved sealing effect, and test results show that the appropriate oil:gas mass ratio range is between 8:1 and 20:1.

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28

Liu, Xue Jun, Cun Xiang Liu, and Er Li Zhang. "Design and Experiment of Shock Absorber Electro-Hydraulic Servo-Testing System." Applied Mechanics and Materials 190-191 (July 2012): 679–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.190-191.679.

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Error compensating PID regulation algorithm was applied to design the shock absorber electro-hydraulic servo-testing system, which conforms to national standard QC/T 545-1999,. According to adopt the MTS407 controller, implement indicator diagram testing, speed diagram testing, friction diagram testing, temperature wearing diagram testing, wearing life testing, single and double actuator testing and whole frequency testing are implemented. After the experiment conducted by using shock absorber CA1049, the result shows that the testing system can collect mass data, and is high precision.

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29

Huagen, Wu, Xing Ziwen, and Shu Pengcheng. "Theoretical and experimental study on indicator diagram of twin screw refrigeration compressor." International Journal of Refrigeration 27, no. 4 (June 2004): 331–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2004.01.004.

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30

Huang, Xiang, Yuqin Li, Xiaoshan Zhang, Xin Zhang, Yaowen Chen, and Wenhua Gao. "An efficient signal-on aptamer-based biosensor for adenosine triphosphate detection using graphene oxide both as an electrochemical and electrochemiluminescence signal indicator." Analyst 140, no. 17 (2015): 6015–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5an00769k.

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31

Fadly, Muhtad, Dina Ros Muryana, and Adhie Thyo Priandika. "SISTEM MONITORING PENJUALAN BAHAN BANGUNAN MENGGUNAKAN PENDEKATAN KEY PERFOMANCE INDICATOR." Journal of Social Sciences and Technology for Community Service (JSSTCS) 1, no. 1 (April 28, 2020): 15. http://dx.doi.org/10.33365/jta.v1i1.669.

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PT Indojava Kreasindo is one of the distributors of Kramik sanitari granite, which has a role in distributing these goods throughout the city of Lampung and its surroundings. The management of ceramic and granite sales data has been summarized in the sales recap sheet for each sales each month in writing so it takes a long time to find out the achievements of each sales each month. Therefore, the authors propose the application of sales monitoring to make it easier to find out the achievements of each sales per month. To solve this problem, we need the most effective solution, which is the Development of Monitoring Application for Building Materials Sales Using the Key Performance Indicator (KPI) Approach. In the development of this application using the waterfal method. For the data flow method using the Usacase Diagram, Activity Diagram. The concept used is monitoring using the KPI approach to facilitate the general manager in monitoring the sales of each sales. With the construction of a web-based information system and sales monitoring application aims to make it easier for the general manager to monitor the sales of each sales so that it does not require a long time and is presented in the form of a dashboard.

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Ma, L. X., S. C. Dong, and Jie Wang. "The Application of Process Quality Control Tools in the Production Process." Materials Science Forum 626-627 (August 2009): 741–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.626-627.741.

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Based on the quality survey of the working procedure of interior hole grinding of the ceramic shaft bush parts, this paper analyzes and studies it by the quality control tools such as Pareto diagram and Cause and effect diagram, and finds out the main deficiency indicator. The main influencing factor is that the verticality of the interior hole is Ultra-poor in the Process quality deficiencies. A series of the testing data of this deficiency indicator has been analyzed in order to obtain the factors influencing the deficiency indicator. Finally, comparison is made between the quality status before and after implementing improvement measures and measures of adjusting processes are taken to greatly improve the effect and the product qualified rate, which can provide reference for enterprises to improve the quality in the production process.

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Belousova, M. V., V. V. Bulatov, and N. V. Smirnov. "Estimation of the failure flow of a set of passenger car doors." Dependability 21, no. 3 (September 21, 2021): 20–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.21683/1729-2646-2021-21-3-20-26.

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An estimation of the failure flows is a prerequisite for the operation of industrial products. It is based on statistical data about failures that occur within technical items in the process of their operation. In the technical product documentation, this indicator shall be featured in the “Dependability parameter estimation” section. The dependability analysis of rolling stock is still affected by the difficulty of defining the methodology for evaluating this parameter at various system levels. For the purpose of analysing a multicomponent system, a reliability block diagram should be developed, and the possible replacement (redundant) elements should be taken into consideration. Multicomponent systems are often represented through various block diagrams, where, among others, the “m-out-of-n” structure may be used referring to a system with a parallel arrangement of elements that is operable when at least m elements operate. An example of such system is a set of passenger car doors. The manufacturers and customers may have different approaches to calculating technical system dependability. First, the required dependability indicator for the entire train is defined that, in turn, defines the dependability requirements for a car. At the same time, the dependability indicator for a car is determined by the respective values of its components (subsystems, units and parts). However, the nature of the relationship between a car and its components is not always taken into account. At the same time, car manufacturers can and should define in the regulatory documentation (and later supervise in operation) the dependability indicators for a set of doors (components of a car in our case) as a single system. However, the failure criteria of a set of doors are not always defined. This paper examines the method of calculating the failure flow for a set of passenger car doors based on operational data and the failure flow of a single door. Aim. To propose a method for calculating the failure flow of a set of 6 car doors by analysing the possible reliability block diagrams with subsequent transition to transition and state graphs.Conclusions. A number of block diagrams were developed for the purpose of dependability calculation of sets of passenger car doors based on the system failure criterion. The failure flow of a set of car doors was calculated according to the developed block diagrams. It is concluded that the Markovian method of calculating the failure flow is of higher priority than the logic-and-probability approach, since it takes into account the recovery factor. A Markovian method was proposed for calculating the failure flow and recovery time of a set of car doors for the “3-out-of-4” reliability block diagram.

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Pawletko, Rafał. "THE POSSIBILITY OF FUEL INJECTION PUMP DIAGNOSIS ON THE BASIS OF INDICATOR DIAGRAM." Journal of KONES. Powertrain and Transport 21, no. 1 (December 28, 2014): 215–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/12314005.1134101.

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Mao, Jian Guo, and Han Quan Wang. "Development on an Acquisition and Analysis System for Indicator Diagram of Piston Engine." Applied Mechanics and Materials 475-476 (December 2013): 268–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.475-476.268.

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An acquisition and analysis system for indicator diagram (ID) of piston engine is developed for monitoring the cylinder pressure in engine development. The hardware component of the data acquisition system is introduced. The method of the determination of the TDC, the method of filtering the interference signal of ID and the method of implementation with Visual C++ are presented. The system can provide ID online through the experiment on Honda 125 engine. It can directly and conveniently display the information about combustion. Therefore it has a high potential value in engineering applications.

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Maergoiz, L. S. "Plane indicator diagram of an entire function of an integer order ?>1." Siberian Mathematical Journal 28, no. 2 (1987): 263–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00970873.

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Jiang, Jianxun, and Xiaofan Li. "Identification of Indicator Diagram Type in the Oil Well by BP Neural Network." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 781, no. 2 (May 1, 2021): 022057. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/781/2/022057.

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‘Iffa, Uulia, Edi Supriana, and Sutopo Sutopo. "Kesalahan Siswa Dalam Mengidentifikasikan dan Menggambarkan Diagram Gaya." Jurnal Pendidikan: Teori, Penelitian, dan Pengembangan 4, no. 7 (July 30, 2019): 844. http://dx.doi.org/10.17977/jptpp.v4i7.12612.

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<p class="Abstrak"><strong>Abstract:</strong> Conceptual understanding is one indicator of success in learning. Mastery of concepts is seen when someone can solve a problem. This study aims to see student's mistakes in identifying and describing diagrams of force, particle dynamics. This type of research uses quantitative descriptive research with survey methods, research subjects amounted to 97 students. The technique of collecting data in the form of reasoned multiple choice tests with alpha cronbach is 0,68. The results of the study show that almost all students experience errors in identifying and describing the style diagrams that work on a system. Common mistakes that cause students to fail to work on problems well are because students are more likely to memorize mathematical formulations of a concept, without knowing how the concept is formed.</p><strong>Abstrak:</strong> Pemahaman konsep yang baik merupakan salah satu indikator keberhasilan dalam pembelajaran. Penguasaan konsep terlihat ketika seseorang dapat memecahkan suatu permasalahan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat kesalahan siswa dalam mengidentifikasikan dan menggambarkan diagram gaya suatu permasalahan fisika materi dinamika partikel. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif kuantitatif dengan metode survei. Subjek penelitian berjumlah 97 orang. Teknik pengumpulan data berupa tes pilihan ganda beralasan dengan alpha Cronbach 0,68. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan hampir seluruh siswa mengalami kesalahan dalam mengidentifikan dan menggambarkan diagram gaya yang bekerja pada suatu sistem. Kesalahan umum yang menyebabkan siswa gagal mengerjakan soal dengan baik dikarenakan siswa lebih cenderung menghapal perumusan matematis dari suatu konsep, tanpa mengetahui bagaimana konsep terbentuk.

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Варбанець, Роман Анатолійович, Євген Вікторович Белоусов, Олексій Валерійович Єриганов, Владислав Іванович Кирнац, Владислав Олегович Маулевич, and Надія Ігорівна Александровська. "ЗАСТОСУВАННЯ МЕТОДУ БЕЗГРАДІЕНТНОЇ ОПТИМІЗАЦІЇ ПРИ СИНХРОНІЗАЦІЇ ДАНИХ МОНІТОРИНГУ РОБОЧОГО ПРОЦЕСУ ДВИГУНІВ ВНУТРІШНЬОГО ЗГОРЯННЯ." Aerospace technic and technology, no. 5 (November 8, 2018): 9–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.32620/aktt.2018.5.02.

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The possibility of using the gradientless n-parametric minimization of Powell'64 in the tasks of monitoring the workflow of ship diesel engines is considered. Monitoring the workflow of ship diesel engines includes the problem of cyclical analysis of indicator diagrams in the working cylinders. The problem of data synchronization should be solved - the transfer of pressure charts from the time function to an angle of crankshaft rotation function. It is shown that the hardware detection of the crankshaft rotation phases applying pick-up sensors configured in statics will have errors when the engine is under load. The synchronization task should be solved with the help of an algorithm by analyzing the indicator diagram in real time. Examples of the search for a global minimum of the Rosenbrock test function are given. Applying the Powell'64 method, least square method functionals are minimized in problems of synchronization and modeling of compression-expansion curves in the working cylinder. Cases of data synchronization calculation for low-speed two-stroke and mid-envelope four-stroke marine diesel engines are shown. Taking into account the assumptions made in practice, it was shown that at the point of maximum pressure growth rate on the compression curve, the cylinder volume above the piston can be calculated applying the known geometric dimensions of the cylinder and the P and dP/dφ values obtained from the indicator diagram. The next step is to calculate the first approximation of the position of the top dead center of the piston, and the application of the digital filters is necessary. Finally, the synchronization problem is solved on the basis of the equation dP/dφ = 0, compiled for the section from the start of compression to the start of combustion in the cylinder. The selection of boundary conditions for modeling is shown. The advantage of applying the Powell'64 method is its high efficiency for quadratic functionals. Unlike gradient methods, the Powell'64 method does not require the calculation of derivatives and is universal to minimize complex nonlinear functionals of a general form. The original author's algorithm for data synchronization by analyzing indicator diagrams, which applies the Powell'64 method, is used in the latest versions of the D4.0HT marine diesel engine monitoring systems

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Witkowski, Kazimierz, and Jacek Wysocki. "The Impact of a Place for the Measurement of Cylinder Pressure of Marine Piston Engine on the Indicator Diagrams and Indicator Parameters." Journal of KONES 26, no. 2 (June 1, 2019): 181–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/kones-2019-0048.

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Abstract The article discusses one of the most popular methods of diagnosing selected damages of marine piston engines, which is the indication or measurement of pressure changes in the engine’s combustion chamber. Improving the quality of indicator diagrams may contribute to the increase in the efficiency of using the parameters indicated in the diagnostics of marine piston engines. Measurement errors during engine indication are primarily caused by measuring channels that connect the combustion chamber to the pressure sensor. One way to avoid these errors is to install the pressure sensor directly in the combustion chamber. It seems that it is possible to eliminate these errors. However, there is a risk that the pressure sensor will be damaged by the effect of high temperature on it during combustion of the fuel-air mixture in the engine’s combustion chamber. The article presents the results of tests that indicate that the measured temperatures in the place where the sensor was installed (in the combustion chamber) did not exceed the critical value specified by the pressure sensor manufacturer. The article also presents the results of cylinder pressure measurement not only in the combustion chamber but also in two other points - on the thread of the indicator cock and in the measuring channel between the indicator cock and the cylinder head. The tests were carried out in a wide range of engine load technically efficient and with simulated damage in the fuel injection system. The article presents a comparative analysis of the parameters read out of the indicator diagram for the three above-mentioned pressure measurement locations. It was shown that the pressure measurements carried out directly in the combustion chamber are free from errors resulting from the influence of measuring channels and indicator cock.

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Wu, Wei, Yu Zhou, and Hang Xin Wei. "A Fault Diagnosis of Suck Rod Pumping System Based on SVM." Applied Mechanics and Materials 307 (February 2013): 285–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.307.285.

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Aiming at the defects of fault diagnosis in the traditional method for sucker rod pump system, a new method based on support vector machine (SVM) pump fault diagnosis is proposed. Through studying the theory of invariant moment and the shape characteristics of pump indicator diagram, seven invariant moments is extracted from the indicator diagram as a pumping unit well condition of the characteristic parameters. Then these parameters are pretreatment, and it makes up seven eigenvector which are regarded as the input eigenvector of the SVM. The experiment indicates that the method can not only detect the fault of the pumping oil well but also can recognize the fault type of it, which is very effective for safety protection and fault diagnosis of the pumping oil.

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Shudo, T. "Influence of specific heats on indicator diagram analysis in a hydrogen-fuelled SI engine." JSAE Review 22, no. 2 (April 2001): 224–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0389-4304(01)00094-7.

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YOSHIDA, Masatake, Tamaki MINOYAMA, Takashi SUZUKI, and Yasufumi OGURI. "A Compensating Method for Zero Drift of Indicator Diagram Recorded by Piezoelectric Pressure Transducer." Transactions of the Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers Series B 66, no. 646 (2000): 1600–1606. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/kikaib.66.646_1600.

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Yin, Xiaoju, Zhiliang Du, Yuxin Wang, Shiyu Lu, Yunxiang Li, and Tingting Zhao. "Analysis and experimental study of oil well indicator diagram based on electric parameter method." Energy Reports 8 (July 2022): 734–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.egyr.2022.02.013.

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Carlsen, Lars, and Rainer Bruggemann. "Assessing and Grouping Chemicals Applying Partial Ordering Alkyl Anilines as an Illustrative Example." Combinatorial Chemistry & High Throughput Screening 21, no. 5 (July 20, 2018): 349–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1386207321666180604103942.

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Aim and Objective: In chemistry, there is a long tradition in classification. Usually, methods are adopted from the wide field of cluster analysis. The present study focusses on the application of partial ordering methodology for the classification of 21 alkyl substituted anilines. Materials and Methods: The analyses are based on the concepts from partial order methodology and cluster analyses. Here, with the example of 21 alkyl anilines, we show that concepts taken out from the mathematical discipline of partially ordered sets may be applied for classification. The chemical compounds are described by a multi-indicator system. For the present study four indicators, mainly taken from the field of environmental chemistry were applied and a graph of the ordering (Hasse diagram) was constructed. Results: A Hasse diagram is an acyclic, transitively reduced, triangle-free graph that may have several graph-theoretical components. The Hasse diagram has been directed from a structural chemical point of view. Two cluster analysis methods are applied (K-means and a hierarchical cluster method) and compared with the results from the Hasse diagram. In both cases, the partitioning of the set of 21 compounds by the component structure of the Hasse diagram appears to be better interpretable. Conclusion: It is shown that the partial ordering approach indeed can be used for classification in the present case. However, it must be clearly stated that a guarantee for meaningful results, in general, cannot be given. For that, further theoretical work is needed.

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Assad, M. S., O. G. Penyazkov, and I. N. Tarasenko. "WORKING PROCESS OF INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE RUNNING ON ENRICHED HYDROGEN GASOLINE-AIR MIXTURE." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Physical-Technical Series 63, no. 2 (July 3, 2018): 214–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.29235/1561-8358-2018-63-2-214-219.

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The effect of hydrogen additives on the working process of a piston-type gasoline engine is studied. The indicator diagram has been built, and the operation of the piston engine on gasoline-air mixtures enriched with hydrogen in the amount of 0…20 % of the volume of air entering the engine has been analyzed. The possibility of obtaining satisfactory parameters when the engine works on gasoline with hydrogen additives is shown. The dynamics of the engine performance is studied depending on the oxidant excess coefficient. It has been established that the oxidizer excess ratio at which the maximum indicator pressure is reached is moved to the zone of poor mixtures. When the mixture is enriched with hydrogen in the amount of 20 % of the air volume, the maximum of indicator pressure pimax = 5.3...5.8 MPa is reached at α = 1.15...1.25, while for 10 % hydrogen addition the maximum pimax = 4.9...5.2 MPa takes place at α = 1.05...1.10 against pimax = 4.7...5.1 MPa at α = 0.90...0.95 for pure gasoline. According to the indicator diagram, the dynamics of intra-cylinder parameters is studied when the mixture is enriched with hydrogen. Thus, with a 20 % hydrogen addition the mean indicator pressure decreases by 12...19 %, despite a slight increase in the maximum cycle pressure (3...18 %), compared with gasoline operation, which leads to a proportional decrease in both the engine indicator power, and the indicator efficiency.

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Pawletko, Rafał. "Analysing Applicability Of Selected Methods To Smooth Indicator Diagrams Of Marine Medium-Speed Engine." Polish Maritime Research 22, no. 2 (April 1, 2015): 55–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/pomr-2015-0017.

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Abstract The article analyses the applicability of selected smoothing methods to smooth indicator diagram curves and to filter disturbances. An intermediate goal of the study was an attempt to extract disturbances recorded during pressure curve smoothing, which are believed to be a source of important diagnostic information. Within the framework of the reported analysis, a comparison was made between the moving average method, the Savitzky-Golay filter, and the frequency filtration method. The research was performed on a marine medium-speed engine Sulzer 3Al 25/30, which has a relatively long indicator passage.

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Li, Qiaoling, Zhijia Li, Yuelong Zhu, Yuanqian Deng, Ke Zhang, and Cheng Yao. "Hydrological regionalisation based on available hydrological information for runoff prediction at catchment scale." Proceedings of the International Association of Hydrological Sciences 379 (June 5, 2018): 13–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/piahs-379-13-2018.

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Abstract. Regionalisation provides a way of transferring hydrological information from gauged to ungauged catchments. The past few decades has seen several kinds of regionalisation approaches for catchment classification and runoff predictions. The underlying assumption is that catchments having similar catchment properties are hydrological similar. This requires the appropriate selection of catchment properties, particularly the inclusion of observed hydrological information, to explain the similarity of hydrological behaviour. We selected observable catchments properties and flow duration curves to reflect the hydrological behaviour, and to regionalize rainfall-runoff response for runoff prediction. As a case study, we investigated 15 catchments located in the Yangtze and Yellow River under multiple hydro-climatic conditions. A clustering scheme was developed to separate the catchments into 4 homogeneous regions by employing catchment properties including hydro-climatic attributes, topographic attributes and land cover etc. We utilized daily flow duration curves as the indicator of hydrological response and interpreted hydrological similarity by root mean square errors. The combined analysis of similarity in catchment properties and hydrological response suggested that catchments in the same homogenous region were hydrological similar. A further validation was conducted by establishing a rainfall-runoff coaxial correlation diagram for each catchment. A common coaxial correlation diagram was generated for each homogenous region. The performances of most coaxial correlation diagrams met the national standard. The coaxial correlation diagram can be transferred within the homogeneous region for runoff prediction in ungauged catchments at an hourly time scale.

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Varbanets, Roman, Vitalii Zalozh, Anatoliy Shakhov, Iryna Savelieva, and Varvara Piterska. "Determination of top dead centre location based on the marine diesel engine indicator diagram analysis." Diagnostyka 21, no. 1 (January 15, 2020): 51–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.29354/diag/116585.

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Ambrozik, Tomasz. "THE METHODOLOGY OF HEAT RELEASE CHARACTERISTICS DETERMINATION ON THE BASIS OF THE REAL INDICATOR DIAGRAM." Heat Transfer Research 49, no. 16 (2018): 1629–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1615/heattransres.2016010176.

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