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1
Mauricio da Rocha, José Renato, Josimar Ribeiro De Almeida, Gustavo Aveiro Lins, and Alberto Durval. "INSECTS AS INDICATORS OF ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGING AND POLLUTION: A REVIEW OF APPROPRIATE SPECIES AND THEIR MONITORING." Holos Environment 10, no. 2 (July 8, 2010): 250. http://dx.doi.org/10.14295/holos.v10i2.2996.
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Responses of some species to disturbances can be used as a parameter of analysis about levels of change in the environmental services. These species can be used as environmental bioindicators. Class Insecta has many appropriate species. This paper aims an analysis of bioindicator species of the impact caused by intensive agriculture, deforestation, reforestation and pollution of aquatic and terrestrial environments.
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Purbonegoro, Triyoni. "POTENSI BIVALVIA SEBAGAI BIOINDIKATOR PENCEMARAN LOGAM DI WILAYAH PESISIR." OSEANA 43, no. 3 (October 30, 2018): 61–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.14203/oseana.2018.vol.43no.3.68.
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POTENTIAL OF BIVALVE AS BIOINDICATOR OF METAL POLLUTION IN THE COASTAL AREA. Bioaccumulation database using various species of marine bivalves is useful to determine which species are suitable as bioindicators in pollution monitoring. In general, metal bioaccumulation in bivalve varies in every location and influenced by the biokinetics of each species depending on the environmental condition. Increasing accumulation of one metal will enhance the accumulation of other metal in bivalve tissue. This needs to be taken into account in interpreting metal concentrations in bivalve. Oysters and mussels have the potential as bio-indicators of metals, especially Cu and Zn, while scallops are more potential as bioindicators of Cd and Zn. Meanwhile, clams has the potential as a bioindicators of Zn. Change in shape (malformation) of bivalve shells due to heavy metal accumulation also observed. The rough structure, attachment of minerals to the shell, and thickening of the shell layer are some forms of changes in bivalve shell morphology.
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New, T. R. "Are predatory arthropods useful indicators in Australian agroecosystems?" Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 47, no. 4 (2007): 450. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea05269.
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Information on the diversity and roles of two groups of arthropod predators (Neuroptera and Araneae) in Australian cropping systems is reviewed, as a foundation for discussing the properties of such predators that may render them useful bioindicators, and for discussing their ecological roles in agroecosystems. Predators are a prime target for conservation and augmentation, reflecting their perceived or actual positive roles in pest management, but most appear to have little value as true bioindicators in agricultural environments. In Australia, Neuroptera are represented by very few species in most agroecosystems, and all of these species are polyphagous generalists. Biological knowledge of Araneae, and of the factors that influence their species richness, is too scanty to enable sound understanding of changes in assemblage composition that might otherwise be regarded as ‘indication’. The current value of these groups as bioindicators is minimal.
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Zulfia, Tukenova, Alimzhanova Mereke, Kazybaeyeva Saule, Ashimuly Kazhybek, and Zhylkybaev Oral. "Soil Invertebrate Animals as Indicators of Contamination of Light Chestnut Ground of Southeast of Kazakhstan." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 3.32 (August 26, 2018): 80. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i3.32.18398.
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The use of living organisms as biological indicators for environmental change necessitates the development of a number of criteria on the basis of which it is possible to select indicator species. These include the biological activity of soils (mesofauna, enzymes). Bioindicators with a chronic anthropogenic load on the soil, in particular with prolonged application of fertilizers, can react to very weak effects due to dose accumulation, in addition, they make it unnecessary to use expensive and laborious physical and chemical methods for measuring biological parameters. The novelty of our research is based on the study of the influence of anthropogenic influences on the biological activity of soils in comparison with its basic indicators. This will allow us to establish a correlation between the soil fauna and the main traditional indicators of soil fertility, and significantly enhance their ecological significance in assessing agricultural practices in agricultural production. It has been revealed that the soils under study differ in relatively favorable physical properties, which in turn affects the distribution of the mesofauna. When the biological activity of soils was diagnosed, a decrease in the activity of soil mesofauna was noted in variants with high doses of phosphorus fertilizers depending on the type of soil. In light chestnut soils, meso-faunistic indices are reduced to (16 ind·m-2) and poor group diversity. The main representatives of the soil mesofauna are Carabidae, Formicidae, Lumbricidae, Scarabeidae. Typical species for fertilized soils are Carabidae, Lumbricidae, Scarabeidae. It was revealed that larvae of the mesofauna of soils from the family Curculionidae, Scarabaeidae are characteristic representatives. Representatives of these families can be used as bioindicators in conducting studies on the investigated soils. Bioindicator species of the investigated soils are present irrespective of the use of mineral fertilizers and, accordingly, the level of pesticide content.
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STOIAN, Vlad, Roxana VIDICAN, Ioan ROTAR, and Florin PĂCURAR. "Dynamics of Microbial Indicators in Waste Water." Bulletin of University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca. Agriculture 74, no. 2 (November 26, 2017): 116. http://dx.doi.org/10.15835/buasvmcn-agr:0036.
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Water ecosystems are constantly under the pressure of a high number of biotic and abiotic factors, and their action leads to the occurrence of fluctuations in species and populations. The specific response of organisms to external pressures leads to the reorganization of ecosystems, with qualitative and quantitative changes. The aim is to identify the microbial groups with the highest potential in the waste waters. Data were collected during 2015-16 in Bistrita. Identifying the bioindicators quality of microorganisms and their importance in ecosystems was done by comparing them with international databases. The use of microorganisms as bioindicators involves knowing the requirements for one or more environmental variables. The concept refers to the ability of microorganisms to accumulate pollutants. Flagellates are tolerant to acidity and react quickly and with sensitivity to environmental stress by inhibiting their movement. The multiplication of flagellates and filamentous bacteria is manifested through water disturbance and foam production.
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Bhusal, Daya Ram. "Free living soil Nematodes as Ecological Indicators." Nepalese Journal of Zoology 3, no. 1 (November 25, 2015): 59–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/njz.v3i1.30866.
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Free living Nematodes communities used as bioindicators of soil health because their composition well correlates with, two critical ecological processes i.e. nitrogen cycling and decomposition in soil . Nematodes indices withstand statistical rigor better than abundances, proportions, or ratios of trophic groups. Nematodes indices respond to a variety of land-management practices, based largely on life history characteristics of families.
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Khanieva, I. M., S. A. Bekuzarova, R. Z. Abdulkhalikov, A. L. Boziev, and Yu M. Shogenov. "Bioindicators and environmental protection." E3S Web of Conferences 222 (2020): 05002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202022205002.
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The plants capable to occlude the maximum quantity of the heavy metals (HM) from soil solution are studied. Plants - indicators of accumulation of heavy metals are allocated, the new directions on decrease in toxicity of the soil are offered. For the purpose of studying of sorption abilities of bean herbs studied accumulation of heavy metals on phases of development of plants. Biological features bean which are capable to occlude heavy metals from the soil and air and by that to clear the polluted site are established. Plants can be the main bioindicators of impurity of soils. For a start in different environments the content of heavy metals by means of a method of chemical analysis control was defined, then compared maximum permissible concentration and drew a conclusion about danger of complex influence to the person and a biota For strengthening of sorption brought tseolitsoderzhashchy clays of Alanit of a local origin at crops of bean herbs. It is revealed that the maximum sorption abilities are found in plants vyazelya motley, and in mix with an amaranth, sowed cherezryadno the maximum effect on decrease in heavy metals on the polluted site is reached. A plant the ambrosia polynnolistny most of all accumulates doses of heavy metals.
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Novoselova, Tatiana, Sophia Barinova, and Alexander Protasov. "Long-Term Dynamics of Trophic State Indicators in Phytoplankton of the Cooling Reservoir of a Nuclear Power Plant." Transylvanian Review of Systematical and Ecological Research 23, no. 1 (March 1, 2021): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/trser-2021-0001.
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Abstract The dynamics of long-term indicators of trophicity in the cooling pond of a nuclear power plant in Ukraine was analyzed by phytoplankton biomass and bioindicators of trophicity. Greater species richness correlated with the number of species-indicators of greater trophicity. During the contourization processes caused by the introduction of filter-feeding mollusks and changes in the operating mode of the nuclear power plant, there was a decrease in the abundance of phytoplankton and trophic state. During decontourization, there was a sequential “return” of previously eliminated taxa and the restoration of the number of indicator species.
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Moreira, Macarius Cesar Di Lauro, Deonir Secco, Luiz Antônio Zanão Júnior, Luciene Kazue Tokura, Araceli Ciotti de Marins, Maurício Antônio Pilatti, and Bruna De Villa. "Biological Quality Indicators of a Haplortox Soil Under Different Management Systems in Southern Brazil." Journal of Agricultural Science 10, no. 5 (April 11, 2018): 250. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jas.v10n5p250.
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The research was looking for the quick response of soil's microbiota to soil changes caused by management systems, changes to which biological indicators of soil quality are sensitive. In this context, this study aimed to evaluate the impacts of seven soil management systems, including in on hand covers of Pennisetum glaucum (PG), Avena strigosa (AS), Stizolobium aterrimum (SA), EF Pisum sativum (PS) + Avena strigosa (AS), and on the other hand, No soil tillage with gypsum application (NTSG), No soil tillage with scarification (NTSS) and No soil tillage (NTS), on soil quality bioindicators. The bioindicators recorded from top soil samples were collected from the first 10 cm at pre-planting, at pre-flowering and at post-harvest of the soybean, from July 2014 to March 2015 were Total organic carbon (TOC), Soil microbial biomass carbon (SMBC), Soil basal respiration, Respiratory coefficient (qCO2), Microbial coefficient (qMIC), and its relationship with soybean yields. The seven treatments were arranged in the field according to a completely randomized experimental, Analysis of variance (Anova) for each of the bioindicators and comparison of treatment mean values using Tukey test at 5% probability were carried out. SA, the AS+PS consortium and the no-tillage system led to significant improvement of the biological attributes of the soil. The management systems did not change the yield of soybean grain.
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Nurhaeni, Nurhaeni, Fitri A. Bande, and Rismawaty Sikanna. "KAJIAN EKSTRAK ETANOL BUNGA BOGENVIL (Bougenvillea spectabillis Willd) SEBAGAI BIOINDIKATOR ASAM BASA." KOVALEN 3, no. 3 (December 28, 2017): 277. http://dx.doi.org/10.22487/j24775398.2017.v3.i3.9336.
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Studies of ethanol extract of bougainvillea flowers (Bougenvillea spectabillis Willd) as bioindicators of the acid-base has been done. The aims to determine the content of chemical compounds contained in extracts of bougainvillea flowers and bougainvillea flower extract pH stretch. Achievement of the objectives has done through the test of ethanol extract of bougainvillea identification of compounds and the determination of the acid-base stretch of pH indicator is. The obtained results showed that bogenvil ethanol extract containing flavonoids with 401 nm absorption and provided a color change in the acid and alkaline condition the color is yellow. The appropriate acid-base titration is used as bioindicators of a strong acid titration with a strong base, weak acid with a strong base and a weak base with a strong acid.Keywords: Flowers bougainvillea, indicators, bases acid titration
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Moyo, Sydney, Hayat Bennadji, Danielle Laguaite, Anna A. Pérez-Umphrey, Allison M. Snider, Andrea Bonisoli-Alquati, Jill A. Olin, et al. "Stable isotope analyses identify trophic niche partitioning between sympatric terrestrial vertebrates in coastal saltmarshes with differing oiling histories." PeerJ 9 (July 16, 2021): e11392. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.11392.
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Bioindicator species are commonly used as proxies to help identify the ecological effects of oil spills and other stressors. However, the utility of taxa as bioindicators is dependent on understanding their trophic niche and life history characteristics, as these factors mediate their ecological responses. Seaside sparrows (Ammospiza maritima) and marsh rice rats (Oryzomys palustris) are two ubiquitous terrestrial vertebrates that are thought to be bioindicators of oil spills in saltmarsh ecosystems. To improve the utility of these omnivorous taxa as bioindicators, we used carbon and nitrogen stable isotope analysis to quantify their trophic niches at saltmarshes in coastal Louisiana with differing oiling histories. We found that rats generally had lower trophic positions and incorporated more aquatic prey relative to seaside sparrows. The range of resources used (i.e.,trophic niche width) varied based on oiling history. Seaside sparrows had wider trophic niches than marsh rice rats at unoiled sites, but not at oiled sites. Trophic niche widths of conspecifics were less consistent at oiled sites, although marsh rice rats at oiled sites had wider trophic niches than rats at unoiled sites. These results suggest that past oiling histories may have imparted subtle, yet differing effects on the foraging ecology of these two co-occurring species. However, the temporal lag between initial oiling and our study makes identifying the ultimate drivers of differences between oiled and unoiled sites challenging. Even so, our findings provide a baseline quantification of the trophic niches of sympatric seaside sparrows and marsh rice rats that will aid in the use of these species as indicators of oiling and other environmental stressors in saltmarsh ecosystems.
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Yorkina, Nadiia, Olexander Zhukov, and Olena Chromysheva. "Potential Possibilities of Soil Mesofauna Usage for Biodiagnostics of Soil Contamination by Heavy Metals." Ekológia (Bratislava) 38, no. 1 (March 1, 2019): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/eko-2019-0001.
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AbstractThe study of potential possibilities of mesofauna as bioindicator of soil contamination by heavy metals is one of the most important areas of urban ecology and soil biology. The work presents the results of ecotoxicological and bioindicative assessment of the environment and the biota of the Melitopol urbosystem of Ukraine. The dynamics of chemical properties of soils in different functional zones of the city is analysed. The complex indices of pollution of environmental components are determined. A bioindicative assessment of the ecological condition of the territory of the urbosystem on the indicators of vitality of the soil mesofauna is carried out. For the first time, regional species-bioindicators for the territory of the city of Melitopol were determined. The ecomorphic structure of soil mesofauna of various functional zones of the city was revealed.
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Work, Timothy T., Matti Koivula, Jan Klimaszewski, David Langor, John Spence, Jon Sweeney, and Christian Hébert. "Evaluation of carabid beetles as indicators of forest change in Canada." Canadian Entomologist 140, no. 4 (August 2008): 393–414. http://dx.doi.org/10.4039/n07-ls07.
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AbstractOur objective was to assess the potential of carabid beetles (Coleoptera: Carabidae) as effective bioindicators of the effects of forest management at a Canadian national scale. We present a comparison of carabid beetle assemblages reported from large-scale studies across Canada. Based on the initial response following disturbance treatment, we found that carabid assemblages consistently responded to disturbance, but responses of individual species and changes in species composition were nested within the context of regional geography and finer scale differences among forest ecosystems. We also explored the relationship between rare and dominant taxa and species characteristics as they relate to dispersal capacity and use of within-stand habitat features such as coarse woody debris. We found no relationship between life-history characteristics (such as body size, wing morphology, or reported associations with downed wood) and the relative abundance or frequency of occurrence of species. Our results suggest that carabids are better suited to finer scale evaluations of the effects of forest management than to regional or national monitoring programs. We also discuss several knowledge gaps that currently limit the full potential of using carabids as bioindicators.
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Pereira, Sabrina Amaral, Cláudio Rossano Trindade Trindade, Edélti Faria Albertoni, and Cleber Palma-Silva. "Aquatic macrophytes as indicators of water quality in subtropical shallow lakes, Southern Brazil." Acta Limnologica Brasiliensia 24, no. 1 (September 4, 2012): 52–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s2179-975x2012005000026.
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AIMS: We evaluated the potential of aquatic macrophyte communities as bioindicators in six small shallow lakes. METHODS: The sampling was conducted monthly for one year, during which all macrophytes were surveyed, and the water temperature, dissolved oxygen, pH, conductivity, total alkalinity, chlorophyll-a, suspended matter, total nitrogen (Nt) and total phosphorus (Pt) were measured. RESULTS: In total, forty-three species were recorded, and there were significant differences in the species richness and limnological conditions among the lakes studied. A canonical correspondence analysis showed that the concentration of nutrients (Nt and Pt), chlorophyll-a, suspended matter, dissolved oxygen and pH were the most important predictors of the distribution of macrophytes. Some emergents were related to the high concentration of nutrients, chlorophyll-a, and suspended matter. Moreover, the most submersed species were associated with environments with low nutrient concentrations and the lowest values chlorophyll-a and suspended matter. In addition, some species submerged and floating were related to low values pH, alkalinity and dissolved oxygen. Limnological differences between lakes may be cited as the main causes of the observed heterogeneous distribution of macrophytes. CONCLUSIONS: These results indicate the importance of limnological characteristics of the different environments in the macrophyte community composition and the potential role of this community as a bioindicator in shallow lakes in southern Brazil.
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Barliba, I., and S. Tita. "Important bioindicators for health management in Romania." Archives of Biological Sciences 66, no. 1 (2014): 337–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/abs1401337b.
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Performance measurement is a coherent, robust, integrated, purposeful, comprehensive, efficient and transparent system. The evaluation of healthcare performance in Romania is based on four categories of bioindicators: human resources, use of services, economic and financial aspects, as well as quality. In this work, we were mainly interested in analyzing and describing these parameters. In order to illustrate the applicability of the hospital performance indicators, we considered the results obtained for these indices from the managers of three hospitals of the same level from Romania, the ?Fili?anilor? Hospital from Filia?i, the Rovinari City Hospital and the ?egarcea City Hospital, and herein present them.
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Spiller, Márcia Soares, Claiton Spiller, and Juliana Garlet. "Arthropod bioindicators of environmental quality." REVISTA AGRO@MBIENTE ON-LINE 12, no. 1 (December 23, 2017): 41. http://dx.doi.org/10.18227/1982-8470ragro.v12i1.4516.
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The phylum Arthropoda is one of the most diverse groups under the terrestrial surface comprising different classes of insects that occupy different environments. Some groups have a close relationship with the habitat they occupy, responding significantly to changes in the environment, thus indicating the level of change in the environment by their presence or absence. The present study aimed to demonstrate the importance of edaphic fauna as a bioindicator of environmental quality. This is a bibliographic review based on specialized consultation of scientific articles in the databases Google Scholar, SciELO-Scientific Electronic Library and ResearchGate. The studies found that environmental quality can be measured from the diversity and abundance of arthropods that live and perform their functions in the soil. Macrofauna influences important soil chemical and physical processes such as nutrient cycling, structuring and homogenization, and increased productivity, among others. The mesofauna, besides acting on soil properties, acts on the regulation of microbial populations, is sensitive to changes and responds promptly. The groups Acari, Collembola, Coleoptera, Hymenoptera and Araneae are indicated in several studies as potential bioindicators because they are commonly sampled in different environments. The factors identified as conditioning factors of the presence of these groups are environmental heterogeneity, type of vegetation cover and availability of litter, applied management system, seasonality, soil characteristics, and anthropic activities, among others. In short,
because they respond quickly, the changes are considered to be efficient biological indicators; therefore, knowing the diversity of species and their degree of interaction with the environment allows us to analyze the effects of anthropic modifications in ecosystems.
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Garadaghli, L. "Effect of Physical and Chemical Properties of Gray-Brown Soils Contaminated With Waste Aluminum Plant and Tube-Rolling Mill in Sumgait on Life Activity of Earthworms." Bulletin of Science and Practice 6, no. 12 (December 15, 2020): 54–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.33619/2414-2948/61/05.
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Soil invertebrates are sensitive indicators of soil moisture. The occurrence of certain species can be an indicator of humidity or dryness of the habitat. Many researchers consider mesofauna to be one of the best bioindicators, since all actively moving species react to the slightest change in the environment by varying the number and violation of the ratios of trophic groups. To determine the main trends in soil dynamics using soil invertebrate gray-brown soils, such indicators as the quantitative ratio of individual groups, changes in the structure of the dominant representatives of the trophic structure, and distribution by soil profile are of primary importance. Special priority is given to studying the humus state of gray-brown soils associated with the pollution of natural biocenoses by technogenic waste.
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Mišetić, Stjepan, Željko Pavlin, Milorad Mrakovčić, and Vedran Jurić. "Defining environmentally acceptable flow downstream intake structures in Croatia." Management of Environmental Quality: An International Journal 14, no. 4 (October 1, 2003): 520–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/14777830310488720.
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Determining minimum water flows that will continuously run through a natural channel downstream of a water intake (Q0) is a multidisciplinary problem. It is, however, not approached in a multidisciplinary way in most countries. This paper offers an overview of the main methods and proposes a practical and environmentally more acceptable way of determining the retained flow, namely the environmentally acceptable flow (EAF). It is proposed that until the conditions are created for use of more complex methods and/or biological response techniques, the EAF be defined by determining whether the retained flow is sufficient for sustaining and developing indigenous wildlife in the streams by ensuring of the essential living conditions for the bioindicator species. The proposed bioindicators are characteristic fish populations of a specific type of stream and stream reaches. Being the final link in the ecological food chain, fish species are reliable indicators of bioecological balance in a stream.
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Cernesson, Flavie, Marie-George Tournoud, and Nathalie Lalande. "Detecting trend on ecological river status – how to deal with short incomplete bioindicator time series? Methodological and operational issues." Proceedings of the International Association of Hydrological Sciences 379 (June 5, 2018): 169–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/piahs-379-169-2018.
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Abstract. Among the various parameters monitored in river monitoring networks, bioindicators provide very informative data. Analysing time variations in bioindicator data is tricky for water managers because the data sets are often short, irregular, and non-normally distributed. It is then a challenging methodological issue for scientists, as it is in Saône basin (30 000 km2, France) where, between 1998 and 2010, among 812 IBGN (French macroinvertebrate bioindicator) monitoring stations, only 71 time series have got more than 10 data values and were studied here. Combining various analytical tools (three parametric and non-parametric statistical tests plus a graphical analysis), 45 IBGN time series were classified as stationary and 26 as non-stationary (only one of which showing a degradation). Series from sampling stations located within the same hydroecoregion showed similar trends, while river size classes seemed to be non-significant to explain temporal trends. So, from a methodological point of view, combining statistical tests and graphical analysis is a relevant option when striving to improve trend detection. Moreover, it was possible to propose a way to summarise series in order to analyse links between ecological river quality indicators and land use stressors.
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Araujo, Julia Caon, Kita Chaves Damasio Macario, Vinícius Nunes Moreira, Anderson dos Santos Passos, Perla Baptista de Jesus, José Carlos Sícoli Seoane, and Fabio Ferreira Dias. "BIOINDICATORS OF SEA-LEVEL FLUCTUATIONS IN SOUTHEASTERN BRAZIL: NEW DATA AND METHODOLOGICAL REVIEW." Radiocarbon 63, no. 4 (July 16, 2021): 1149–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/rdc.2021.50.
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ABSTRACTThe vermetidae fossils of Petaloconchus varians, formed by calcium carbonate, associated with their radiocarbon ages, are the most accurate indicators of paleo sea level due to their restricted occupation in the intertidal zone in the rocky shore. However, the recrystallization of minerals can affect these age calculations and, consequently, the interpretation of the data. The aim of this study is to present new indicators of paleo sea-level changes in Southeast Brazil for the last 6000 years contributing to fill the data gap for the late Holocene. The influence of the recrystallization process was successfully resolved using the CarDS protocol, enabling the separation of the original aragonite fraction by density, prior to radiocarbon dating. This avoids the rejuvenation of ages and ensures greater efficiency for data interpretation. Paleo sea-level indicators were able to show a progressive increase in sea level up to the transgressive maximum of 4.15 m in 3700 BP years, followed by a regression to the current zero. This regression seems to have in addition, here we reinforce the reliability of the use of fossil vermetids as indicators of sea-level fluctuations.
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Lacerda, A. C. F., K. Roumbedakis, J. G. S. Bereta Junior, A. P. O. Nuñer, M. M. Petrucio, and M. L. Martins. "Fish parasites as indicators of organic pollution in southern Brazil." Journal of Helminthology 92, no. 3 (June 1, 2017): 322–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022149x17000414.
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AbstractIncreasing urbanization along riverbanks is a constant source of stressors to the aquatic community, and the use of bioindicators is suitable to detect and monitor the effect of each stressor. We investigated the parasites of the ‘cará’ fish (Geophagus brasiliensis) as potential bioindicators in a river whose banks are subject to increasing anthropogenic pressure. Samples were taken at four points of the Sangradouro River, in Florianópolis, southern Brazil, bimonthly for 12 months. Water temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen, conductivity and salinity were measured at each point and water samples were taken for nutrient analysis (total nitrogen, nitrite, total ammonia nitrogen, total phosphorus, phosphate), and total and faecal coliforms. A generalized linear model (GLM) was constructed using the abundance of each parasite species as the response variable and biometric characteristic of the fish and water variables as possible predictors. Among the 137 fish examined, 114 (83.2%) were parasitized by at least one parasite species. Two species of ectoparasites (Sciadicleithrum guanduensis and Neascus-type metacercariae) and two species of endoparasites (Pandosentis aff. iracundus and Homalometron pseudopallidum) were observed. This is the first record of the genus Pandosentis in Brazilian waters and the first record of the species G. brasiliensis as a host for this parasite. Among the analysed groups of parasites, monogeneans and acanthocephalans proved to be the most sensitive to the concentrations of dissolved oxygen, faecal coliforms and total ammonia nitrogen in the water. Our study suggests that the abundance of both monoxenic and heteroxenous parasites can be negatively affected by organic pollution in the aquatic environment, reinforcing the potential of fish parasites as indicators of water quality.
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Snigirova, Anastasiia, Yuliya Bogatova, and Sophia Barinova. "Assessment of River-Sea Interaction in the Danube Nearshore Area (Ukraine) by Bioindicators and Statistical Mapping." Land 10, no. 3 (March 18, 2021): 310. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land10030310.
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There is a lack of understanding of the main drivers that form the picture of biological communities of transitional waters in deltaic ecosystems under the influence of terrestrial sources. Analysis of hydrochemical parameters in relation to phytoplankton communities in the Ukrainian part of the Danube coastal zone (in August 2018) is the focus of current work. The goal was to identify patterns in the distribution of environmental parameters (salinity and nutrients) in the area of the shipping channel through the Bystry arm, as well as to assess the state of water quality. The ecological bioindicators approach using modern statistical methods, and ecological mapping shows sufficient achievements in interpreting the results. The indicators of salinity (mesohalobes) had better describe the character of the transportation of fresh riverine waters than salinity gradient. The composition of 35 indicator phytoplankton species corresponds to 3 and 4 water quality classes in the coastal zone. High N:P ratios showed an imbalance in the ecosystem as an indicator of production and destruction processes. Statistical maps of the indicator species distribution revealed the river current’s influence on the nearshore water mass. Ecological maps of surface and bottom variables show various environmental impacts resulting from dredging in the shipping channel and excavated soil dumping. Canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) and statistical maps revealed two pools of factors with oppositely directed effects on phytoplankton: salinity, on one hand, and nutrients, on the other. Miozoa and Chlorophyta have an opposite interaction with salinity and oxygen and can be ecosystem change indicators in further analysis
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Debastiani, C., B. R. Meira, F. M. Lansac-Tôha, L. F. M. Velho, and F. A. Lansac-Tôha. "Protozoa ciliates community structure in urban streams and their environmental use as indicators." Brazilian Journal of Biology 76, no. 4 (May 17, 2016): 1043–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.08615.
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Abstract The objective of this work was to investigate the patterns of diversity and abundance of ciliates protozoa community in three tropical urban streams and verify which species can be considered bioindicators of water quality. In each stream, three regions (headwater, middle and mouth) were sampled in two years, in the rainy and dry seasons. The abiotic factors (dissolved oxygen, pH, temperature, turbidity, width, depth, flow and conductivity) and biotic factors (total coliforms, bacterioplankton, chlorophyll and flagellates) were analyzed using appropriate methods and ciliates were identified and counted through specialized literature. We identified 84 species distributed into 24 orders. Peniculida was the most representative order followed by Prorodontida. The RDA scores showed a spatial difference between streams. On the other hand, regarding the temporal variation, there was no separation of the sampled data. The Indval analysis showed ten species indicators, such as Coleps hirtus, Euplotes moebiusi and Tintinidium pusillum. The Cluster analysis per stream versus period showed a greater distinction of the streams in the dry season. On the other hand, a low similarity was observed between sections within the same stream. In summary, the results indicated that the ciliates can be used as important tools as bioindicators in lotic environments affected by different degrees of pollution, due to the fact that they have short life cycle, allowing the detection of impacts on a small time scale, as well as by having direct answers to environmental changes and high sensitivity to contaminants.
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Rohmah, Neng, Dwina Roosmini, and Mochamad Adi Septiono. "Study of whole effluent acute toxicity test (Daphnia magna) as an evaluation of Ministry of Environment and Forestry Decree No. 3 In 2014 concerning industrial performance rank in environmental management." MATEC Web of Conferences 147 (2018): 08005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201814708005.
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Only 15% of the industries in Citarum Watershed, specifically in Bandung Regency, West Bandung Regency, Sumedang Regency, Bandung City and Cimahi City, are registered as PROPER industries. They must comply to indicators as set in the Minister of Environment and Forestry Decree No. 3 In 2014 concerning Industrial Performance Rank in Environmental Management, as a requirement to apply for PROPER. Wastewater treatment and management, referencing to Minister of Environment and Forestry Decree No. 5 In 2014 concerning Wastewater Effluent Standards, must be performed to be registered as PROPER industries. Conducting only physical-chemical parameter monitoring of wastewater is insufficient to determine the safety of wastewater discharged into the river, therefore additional toxicity tests involving bioindicator are required to determine acute toxicity characteristic of wastewater. The acute toxicity test quantifies LC50 value based on death response of bioindicators from certain dosage. Daphnia magna was used as bioindicator in the toxicity test and probit software for analysis. In 2015-2016, the number of industries that discharged wastewater exceeding the standard was found greater in non-PROPER industries than in PROPER industries. Based on the toxicity level, both PROPER and non-PROPER industries have toxic properties, however PROPER industries of 2015-2016 is more toxic with LC5096 value reaching 2.79%.
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Straface, Elisabetta, Lucrezia Gambardella, Antonella Mattatelli, Emanuele Canali, Francesca Boccalini, Luciano Agati, and Walter Malorni. "The Red Blood Cell as a Gender-Associated Biomarker in Metabolic Syndrome: A Pilot Study." International Journal of Cell Biology 2011 (2011): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/204157.
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In the present pilot study (56 patients), some red blood cell parameters in samples from patients with metabolic syndrome and subclinical atherosclerosis, but without any sign of coronary artery disease, have been analyzed. The main goal of this work was to determine, in this preclinical state, new peripheral gender-associated bioindicators of possible diagnostic or prognostic value. In particular, three different “indicators” of red blood cell injury and aging have been evaluated: glycophorin A, CD47, and phosphatidylserine externalization. Interestingly, all these determinants appeared significantly modified and displayed gender differences. These findings could provide novel and useful hints in the research for gender-based real-time bioindicators in the progression of metabolic syndrome towards coronary artery disease. Further, more extensive studies are, however, necessary in order to validate these findings.
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Paoletti, Maurizio G., Graham H. R. Osler, Adrianne Kinnear, Dennis G. Black, Linda J. Thomson, Angelos Tsitsilas, David Sharley, Simon Judd, Peter Neville, and Alessandra D'Inca. "Detritivores as indicators of landscape stress and soil degradation." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 47, no. 4 (2007): 412. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea05297.
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Detritivores are small- to medium-sized invertebrates that comminute and break down organic materials such as leaves, twigs and roots, especially within or upon the soil surface, or nearby. Detritivores constitute the majority of the invertebrate biomass pyramid in most environments and provide a key role in organic matter turnover; they also provide alternative food for polyphagous predators that can be active in pest control on crops. Many arthropod taxa are detritivores in soil and litter layers. Here, we focus on the bioindicator potential of three key detritivore groups: slaters, millipedes and oribatid mites. There are possibly 300 species of slaters (terrestrial isopods or Oniscidea) in Australia with 13 of these being introduced, mostly from north-western Europe. These non-native species are the dominant species in disturbed environments such as intensively managed forests and agricultural fields. Slaters are promising indicators of landscape disturbance, soil contamination and tillage. Millipedes are potentially important indicators of stress in agricultural landscapes, given their sensitivity to litter and soil moisture gradients and to physical and chemical perturbations. However, because there is a close association between the millipede fauna and moist plant communities in Australia, they are generally absent from drier landscapes and, therefore, their use as bioindicators in agricultural environments here is problematic. An exception to this association is the increasingly ubiquitous introduced Black Portuguese millipede. This species is tolerant of much drier conditions than most natives, and is likely to change the nature of nutrient cycling processes in pastures and native grasslands in much of southern Australia. Oribatid mites are present in all Australian terrestrial ecosystems. The few studies that have examined their response to disturbance and land use in Australia are consistent with the body of work conducted outside Australia. This consistent response means that the oribatids may be developed as indicators in agricultural, pasture and forested environments. However, the paucity of information on oribatids over appropriate spatial scales in Australia makes the use of this group extremely difficult at this time.
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Pastorino, Paolo, and Marino Prearo. "High-Mountain Lakes, Indicators of Global Change: Ecological Characterization and Environmental Pressures." Diversity 12, no. 6 (June 26, 2020): 260. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/d12060260.
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Though mountain lakes are generally much less influenced by human activities than other habitats, global and local anthropogenic threats can alter their natural condition. The most alarming threats are climate change, water exploitation and abstraction, alien species introduction, and the medium-long range atmospheric transport of contaminates. Moreover, tourism and mountain farming are two other major sources of organic pollutants that can pose a threat to local aquatic biodiversity. Papers submitted to this Special Issue should be original contributions, with a focus on ecological and morphological characterization, environmental pressures (i.e., alien species introduction, environmental contaminates), and the use of bioindicators/tracers to inform adequate management plans.
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Piratelli, A., SD Sousa, JS Corrêa, VA Andrade, RY Ribeiro, LH Avelar, and EF Oliveira. "Searching for bioindicators of forest fragmentation: passerine birds in the Atlantic forest of southeastern Brazil." Brazilian Journal of Biology 68, no. 2 (May 2008): 259–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1519-69842008000200006.
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Aiming to evaluate the potential of Passerine birds as bioindicators of forest fragmentation, we studied the avifauna in the mountain region of the state of Rio de Janeiro by mist-netting between 2001 and 2005. We sampled six sites, including four small fragments (from 4 to 64 ha) in an agricultural area (Teresópolis), one second-growth forest (440 ha - Miguel Pereira) and a continuous forest (10,600 ha, Serra dos Órgãos National Park - SONP). Indicator Species analysis and a Monte Carlo test were run to detect associations between species and sites, considering at least 30% of perfect indication and a significant value for the statistical test, only considering species with at least 10 captures. A total of 30 Passerine birds were sampled, and due to their association to the largest area (SONP), we considered Sclerurus scansor, Mionectes rufiventris, Chiroxiphia caudata and Habia rubica as the best indicators for this area. Five species were more captured not by chance in the 440 ha second-growth: Conopophaga melanops, Myiobius barbatus, Myrmeciza loricata, Philydor atricapillus and Schiffornis virescens and no species were related to any small fragment. This analysis has identified specialized Passerine species in many aspects (foraging substract, needs for nesting, rarity status), and it can be a valuable tool for detecting possible bioindicators.
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Thomson, L. J., D. J. Sharley, and A. A. Hoffmann. "Beneficial organisms as bioindicators for environmental sustainability in the grape industry in Australia." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 47, no. 4 (2007): 404. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea05183.
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Increased biodiversity is being promoted as an important aim for Australian agriculture, but the measurement of biodiversity is problematic and often not practical. An alternative involves the development of surrogate indicators for biodiversity on farms that have direct links to production. One group of organisms that may perform this function in vineyards is the beneficial invertebrates that have a direct impact on pest abundance. If we can identify the effects of common management practices on invertebrates that are important in the wine industry, we can identify target organisms whose presence suggests good and sustainable practice. Here we identify key invertebrates, both pests and natural enemies, in grape production, the effects of some management practices on these invertebrates, and suggest steps to develop these invertebrates into sustainability indicators for the viticulture industry.
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Zillioux, Edward J. "Environmental Bioindicators(EBI) toEnvironmental Indicators(EI) and other Developments: the Evolution of a Journal." Environmental Bioindicators 4, no. 4 (December 11, 2009): 283–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15555270903472195.
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COSTA, Erli Schneider, Maria Mercedes SANTOS, Nestor Rubem CORIA, João Paulo Machado TORRES, Olaf MALM, and Maria Alice dos Santos ALVES. "Antarctic Skuas as bioindicators of local and global mercury contamination." Revista Eletrônica Científica da UERGS 5, no. 3 (December 11, 2019): 311–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.21674/2448-0479.53.311-317.
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Mercury (Hg) is a non-essential metal, sometimes extremely toxic, and its presence in the food-web may threaten the wildlife. In seabirds, even low levels of Hg can reduce egg production and the chances of embryos and chicks survival; high levels of this element lead to erratic behavior, loss of appetite and weight, and cellular damages in organs as kidneys can be detected. According to some authors, among 50 to 93% of the total Hg accumulated by the birds through diet can be excreted throughout the feathers during the molting process. In this way, feathers can be used as an excellent non-invasive biomonitor. The objective of this paper was to compared mercury (Hg) levels in feathers of adults and chicks of Catharacta maccormicki(Cma) and C. lonnbergi (Clo) sampled in the Antarctic Peninsula, to identify biomonitors of Hg to the region using non-invasive samples methods. We found Hg significantly higher levels in adults of Cma comparing with Clo adults (U'=841.00, p<0.01) and also with chicks of both species (q>3.398, p<0.01). We did not find significant differences comparing Clo adults and chicks of both species (U'=16.00, p<0.05), and comparing Cma breeding in different areas (q>3.398, p<0.05) or Clo (U'= 62.00, p < 0.05). The Hg levels variation may be justified mainly by differences in migration patterns. The adults of the species that migrate to more polluted areas (Cma) presented the highest levels of Hg and can be considered a promising indicator of global contamination. In another way, Clo and chicks of both species are good indicators of local Hg contamination, suffering the direct influence of contamination in the Antarctic environment.
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Garadaghli, L. "Study of the Bioindicative Value of Invertebrate Animals of Grey-Brown Soils Contaminated by the Waste of the Aluminum Plant and Tube-rolling Mill of Sumgait." Bulletin of Science and Practice 6, no. 3 (March 15, 2020): 194–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.33619/2414-2948/52/20.
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Soil animals are a very important biological factor in soil formation and the formation of high soil fertility. The soil is abundantly inhabited by numerous representatives of different groups of animals, for which it represents not only the habitat but also the result of their combined activity. Changes in soil invertebrate complexes are important indicators of industrial pollution. A study conducted on a natural cenosis grey–brown soils under wormwood–ephemeral vegetation contaminated waste Aluminum Plant and Tube–rolling Mill of Sumgait. Our purpose is to carry out soil and zoological research (as well as samples taken for microbiological analyzes) and on basis collected material and subsequent detection of a theoretical analysis of the major dominant groups bioindicators. Soil and zoological studies will help the future identify invertebrates that are most resistant to pollution factors, which can also be used as bioindicators of technologically polluted soils.
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Barinova, Sophia, and Karomat Mamanazarova. "Diatom Algae-Indicators of Water Quality in the Lower Zarafshan River, Uzbekistan." Water 13, no. 3 (January 30, 2021): 358. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w13030358.
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This work is the first, the purpose of which was a comprehensive assessment of the ecological state of the lower reaches of the Zarafshan River using bioindication of water quality by diatoms based on species’ ecological preferences, pollution indices, statistics, and ecological mapping. A total of 198 species and subspecies of diatoms were first identified from 195 samples collected four times a year at six sites in the lower reaches of the Zarafshan River in 2009–2015. The richest species were Cymbella, Navicula, and Nitzschia. Pleurosira laevis, resistant to salinity, was first found in aquatic habitats in Uzbekistan. Bioindicators of nine environmental variables make up 91% of the list. Distribution analysis of variables, pollution indices (SLA—SládečDek index of saprobity), and toxicity indices (WESI—Water Ecosystem State Index) show increases in salinity, turbidity, and decreases in organic pollution downstream. The source of acidification can be the Navoi region. We found an increase in the ability to self-purify with an increase in species richness and abundance of diatoms in the lower part of Zarafshan. Thus, the ecosystem of the studied part of the river successfully copes with the incoming pollution from the middle part of Zarafshan and demonstrates some stability and successful self-purification with a water quality class of 2–3. The first studied lower reaches of the ecosystem of the Zarafshan River using bioindicators, statistics, and ecological mapping show that the problem of aridization in Central Asia does not necessarily lead to degradation of the river ecosystem and an increase in pollution, but with rational water use can improve water quality and self-purification processes. Hence, diatoms can be good indicators of river water quality in a semi-arid region and reflect the climate and anthropogenic load change. We recommend that attention be paid to nutrient and turbidity management and to expand state monitoring points to the lower part of the river up to the Karakul region.
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OJEDA-BARRIOS, Damaris, Jorge CASTILLO-GONZALEZ, Adriana HERNANDEZ-RODRIGUEZ, Javier ABADIA, Estaban SANCHEZ, Rafael PARRA-QUEZADA, Maria-Cecilia VALLES-ARAGON, and Juan A. Pedro SIDA-ARREOLA. "Zinc Nutritional Status on Physiological and Nutritional Indicators, Metabolism of Oxidative Stress, Yield and Fruit Quality of Pecan Tree." Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-Napoca 47, no. 2 (December 21, 2018): 531–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.15835/nbha47211389.
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In the United States of America and in Mexico, zinc deficiency is a common nutritional disorder in pecan trees [Carya illinoinensis (Wangenh.) C. Koch], especially in calcareous soils. This study in Chihuahua, northern Mexico, analyses the effects of zinc nutritional status on various physiological and nutritional indicators, on the metabolism of oxidative stress, and on the yield and fruit quality of pecan. The aim was to identify possible bioindicators of soil zinc deficiency. The experimental design was completely randomized with four nutritional conditions with respect to zinc: a control and three levels of zinc deficiency - slight, moderate and severe. Zinc deficiency is characterised by small leaves with interveinal necrosis and rippled leaf margins. The lowest values of leaf area, SPAD values, total N and NO3 concentration were observed under conditions of severe zinc deficiency. With worsening zinc deficiency, results indicate an increased enzymatic activity of superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase. Interestingly, under severe zinc deficiency there are decreases in trunk cross-sectional area growth, in yield and in percentage kernel. Increased activity of superoxide dismutase, catalase and peroxidase enzymes is associated with detoxification of reactive oxygen species. The activity of enzymes detoxifying reactive oxygen species lessens the negative effects of zinc deficiency stress, and may be good bioindicators of zinc deficiency and its visual symptoms on pecan trees.
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Vacht, Piret, Helin Niglas, Annely Kuu, Tiiu Koff, Sander Kutti, and Jane Raamets. "Oribatid mite (Acari: Oribatida) communities of urban brownfields in Tallinn, Estonia, and their potential as bioindicators of wasteland successional stage." Acarologia 59, no. 1 (January 15, 2019): 26–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.24349/acarologia/20194310.
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Urban brownfields are ecologically valuable ecosystems that have been and are under various anthropogenic influences. Because brownfields are subject to rapid development in urban areas, their biological communities, including soil mesofauna, are overlooked and seldom researched, even though they could provide valuable insight into the ecological functioning of these areas. This exploratory study describes the community characteristics of oribatid mite fauna of 12 brownfields in Tallinn, Estonia, and analyzes the potential of oribatid mites as bioindicators of brownfield successional stage. This study provides the first faunistic list of oribatid mites from the brownfields of Tallinn. No significant changes in species abundance or richness depending on the successional stage were discovered. While some changes in community structure were noted, due to low overall abundance, no clear indicators of brownfield successional stage were identified. For future research on urban brownfield oribatid fauna with the intention of finding potential bioindicators of brownfield properties, increasing the sampling size and inclusion of other groups of soil mesofauna is recommended.
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Rahmawati, Laily Agustina, Norma Afiati, and Thomas Triadi Putranto. "River Water Quality Based on Macrozoobentic Bioindicators in the Wonocolo Traditional Oil Mining Area." Jurnal Ilmu Lingkungan 19, no. 1 (April 28, 2021): 29–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/jil.19.1.29-35.
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Many studies declared traditional oil mining in Wonocolo caused pollution, including river pollution. During Covid-19 Pandemic, traditional oil mining in Wonocolo has been interrupted because world oil prices decreased. This made selling price of crude oil in Wonocolo declined. This made traditional oil mining decreased because oil wells were temporarily closed. The decrease in traditional oil mining might affect river water quality in Wonocolo. In a prior study, the researcher had investigated water quality of Bungsu and Kragsaan River in Wonocolo, based on physicochemical parameters. The river had improved quality during Covid-19 Pandemic, seen from the decrease in the content of several chemical pollutants. Through this study, the researcher examined macrozoobentos community structure as a bio indicator of water quality, like assessing water quality of Bungsu and Kragsaan River based on biological indicators. This study used observation method by determining sample points purposively. Sample of macrozoobentos was analyzed using biodiversity index of Shannon-Wiener, species evennes index, and dominance index. Results of study showed Bungsu River had low biodiversity (H’ index 0.000 – 1.040), distressed community at B-1 and B-3 but stable at B-2, like high dominance at B-1 and B-3 but low at B-2. Kragsaan River also had low biodiversity (H’ index 0.000 – 1.010), unstable community at K-1 and K-3 like distressed at K-2, and low dominance at K-2 and K-3 but medium at K-1. Based on H’ index, Bungsu River was in the heavily polluted category at B-1 and B-3 and the medium polluted category at B-2. Meanwhile, Kragsaan River was in the heavily polluted category at K-1 and K-2 and the medium polluted category at K-3. This means although decreased levels of chemical pollutants at the sampling locations meant an increase in quality of water body, river ecosystem had not been able to rejuvenate condition during Covid-19 Pandemic.
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Askeyev, Arthur, Oleg Askeyev, and Igor Askeyev. "Owls as bioindicators: their spatial and temporal aspects in Eastern Europe." European Journal of Ecology 5, no. 2 (January 1, 2019): 8–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/eje-2019-0015.
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Abstract The article presents the unique results of a study of the spatial distribution of owls in the territory of the Republic of Tatarstan by season of the year on long-term data. Ravkin’s transect method was used to census fixed randomly selected plots spread over a large geographic area. Abundance a lot of species of owls strong changed of different seasons of the year. In general, owls were indifferent to latitudinal, longitudinal, and altitude gradients in the territory of the Republic of Tatarstan, especially in winter and autumn periods. Probability of occurrences of boreal and pygmy owls can be used as indicators of the biological diversity of forest ecosystems in winter period.
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Abensperg-traun, M., G. W. Arnold, D. E. Steven, G. T. Smith, L. Atkins, J. J. Viveen, and M. Gutter. "Biodiversity indicators in semi-arid, agricultural Western Australia." Pacific Conservation Biology 2, no. 4 (1995): 375. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/pc960375.
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The predicted future loss of native Australian species of plants and animals, in part as a result of adverse land management strategies, has led to attempts to identify areas of high biotic richness (numbers of species). Bioindicators are measures of the physical environment, or of a subset of the plants or animals, that best predict biotic richness. Ideally, bioindicators should aim at predicting as large a component of the plant or animal fauna as is possible at minimum cost. For two contrasting vegetation types, we examined remnant area, vegetation structural diversity, species richness of plants, lizards and terrestrial arthropods, and the relative abundance of individual arthropod species, as indicators of faunal richness, using correlation, principal component regression and stepwise regression analyses. The study was carried out in gimlet Eucalyptus salubris woodlands (29 sites) and shrublands (27 sites) in semi-arid, agricultural Western Australia. Sites varied considerably in grazing history (woodland) and in farming history (shrubland). Fauna sampled were lizards (woodland), scorpions (woodland), isopods (woodland), cockroaches (woodland), termites (woodland, shrubland), earwigs (woodland), hemipterans (shrubland), beetles (woodland, shrubland), butterflies (shrubland) and ants (woodland, shrubland). None of the indicator variables in any analyses effectively predicted total faunal richness for either vegetation type (<35% of variation in total richness explained). In correlation analyses for woodlands, vegetation structural diversity and plant richness, but no fauna variable, explained a high percentage of the variation in the richness of lizards (56% explained by richness of native plants, +ve), scorpions (48%, richness of native plants, +ve), termites (55%, vegetation structural diversity, +ve) and beetles (59%, litter, –ve). The richness of the shrubland fauna was poorly predicted by all indicator variables (<25% explained). When using the total richness and abundance of ant functional groups, the abundance of a subset of species within ant functional groups, and of termite and beetle species, in principal component regressions, various ant functional groups explained 42% each of the richness of scorpions and beetles, and eight beetle species explained 50% of termite richness. When remnant area, vegetation structural diversity and the richness of native plants in woodland were tested in step-wise regressions as indicators of total faunal richness, remnant area was the only significant indicator variable, explaining 33% of total richness. The richness of native plants and vegetation structural diversity explained a total of 76% of the pooled richness of lizards + scorpions + termites. No significant indicator variable was found by regression procedures for total richness, or for a subset, of the shrubland fauna. We argue that differences in the predictive qualities of vegetation structure and plant richness between the vegetation types was due, in part, to differences in the spatial heterogeneity of biotic richness, and possibly the scale at which structure was measured. The use of structural diversity or plant richness as predictors of faunal richness for different woodland types, or those with different disturbance histories, or in different geographic or climatic regions, should not be adopted without verification of their efficiency at predicting the richness of the local fauna.
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Paoletti, Maurizio G., Linda J. Thomson, and Ary A. Hoffmann. "Using invertebrate bioindicators to assess agricultural sustainability in Australia: proposals and current practices." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 47, no. 4 (2007): 379. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea05288.
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The papers in this special issue, ‘Using Invertebrate Bioindicators to Assess Agricultural Sustainability in Australia: Proposals and Current Practices’, highlight the diversity of invertebrates in agricultural environments and associated environments, and the varied roles they play in agricultural production. The papers demonstrate the various ways that the constitution of the invertebrate fauna can change rapidly in response to environmental inputs such as chemicals and landscape management. Given these factors, invertebrates show enormous potential to be used as indicators of sustainability in agriculture. However, this potential remains to be realised.
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Benfer, Robert A. "The Preceramic Period Site of Paloma, Peru: Bioindications of Improving Adaptation to Sedentism." Latin American Antiquity 1, no. 4 (December 1990): 284–318. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/971812.
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The nature of the adjustments made by the steadily increasing population of central coastal Peru in the Middle through Late Preceramic time periods can be examined by careful study of bioindicators. Nonspecific indicators of stress (NSIS) preserved in human remains provide independent evidence for validating paleodemographic hypotheses. If life expectancy improves over a period of time, one expects diminished indication of nonspecific stress. Decreasing stress over time also may imply increasing fertility in precontraceptive peoples, which, along with declining mortality, would lead to population growth. However, the converse does not follow; populations may grow over time whether responding to increasing, stable, or decreasing stress. Other factors, such as changing subsistence strategies or hybrid vigor, also may be useful in explaining diminished indications of either nonspecific stress or population increase. The complex relations among (a) population structure and density (PSD), (b) nonspecific indicators of stress, and (c) diet have not yielded deductions that could form a universal set of expectations. However, several kinds of adaptation that are distinct with respect to population growth and health status are considered and illustrated with analyses of 201 skeletons from the preagricultural village of Paloma in central coastal Peru.
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Ghosh Roy, Subhomita, and Timothy J. Ehlinger. "Relationships between land use, predicted pollution loadings, and ecotoxicological assays in constructed wetlands." Romanian Journal of Ecology & Environmental Chemistry 2, no. 2 (October 14, 2020): 118–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.21698/rjeec.2020.215.
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Environmental degradation related to uncontrolled development resulted in the passage of the United States Clean Water Act (CWA) in 1972, with the stated purpose “to restore and maintain the integrity of the nation’s waters”. Implementation of the CWA leads to increased research to develop multimetric indicators to better measure and understand the complex patterns of ecological responses to stress occurring across levels of biological, spatial, and temporal organization. One area of research is the use of integrated indices of chemical risk, ecotoxicological risk, and ecological risk to assess the impact of human activity across disturbance gradients of urbanization. Selecting relevant metrics for constructing a multimetric index requires identifying bioindicator organisms with capacities to detect signals from anthropogenic disturbances. This study explored the potential efficacy of a suite of higher plant ecotoxicological assays for use as bioindicators in ecological risk assessment along a gradient of urbanization in a wetland ecosystem. The study was conducted in the Pike River watershed (Racine, Wisconsin, USA) in six wetlands selected across a gradient of dominant land-use types (agricultural, commercial, residential, undeveloped, and industrial). MicroBioTest PhytotoxkitTM ecotoxicological assays, based on growth inhibition of three plants (Sinapis, Sorghum, and Lepidium) were used to assess sediment toxicity. The relationships between Phytotoxkit™ responses and predicted pollutant loadings calculated from surrounding land use provided clear signals of stress from watershed pollutants draining into the wetland sites. The potential for these ecotoxicological indicators to serve as biological response signatures is strong, and further research and calibration in field and microcosms studies will assist in calibrating responses for use in integrated monitoring efforts.
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Lozinskaya, О. V., S. V. Melnov, T. P. Sergeeva, and V. N. Kipen. "Bioindication approach to the ecological status of the territories by morphological and cytogenetic indicators of plants." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Biological Series 64, no. 3 (August 17, 2019): 364–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.29235/1029-8940-2019-64-3-364-373.
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The ecological status of the technologically transformed and natural territories of Belarushas been ranked by changing the morphometric and cytogenetic indices of separate vegetative organs (lamina and root) in three model species of phytoindicators. Based on the results of multidimensional scaling (bootstrap (1000)), 3 clusters have been identified: the first combines the territories of large urban cenoses (Gomel+ Minsk), the second includes part of the republic territory most exposed to radiation pollution (Khoyniki + PSRER exclusion zone), and the third acts as a standard of the state of the environment (Berezinsky Biosphere Reserve). The suitability of plants of various taxonomic groups (Betula pendula Roth., Trifolium repens L., Allium cepa L.) as bioindicators for assessing the state of the natural environment has been shown.
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SURES, B. "Accumulation of heavy metals by intestinal helminths in fish: an overview and perspective." Parasitology 126, no. 7 (March 2003): S53—S60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s003118200300372x.
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Intestinal helminths of fish are of increasing interest as potential bioindicators for heavy metal contamination in aquatic habitats. Among these parasites cestodes and acanthocephalans in particular have an enormous heavy metal accumulation capacity exceeding that of established free living sentinels. Metal concentrations several thousand times higher in acanthocephalans than in host tissues were described from field and laboratory studies. Whereas larval stages inside their intermediate hosts are not able to take up high quantities of metals, young worms begin to take up metals immediately after infection of the final host. After four to five weeks of exposure, the parasites reach a steady-state concentration orders of magnitude higher than the ambient water level. Thus, acanthocephalans are not only very effective in taking up metals, but they can also respond very rapidly to changes in environmental exposure. The mechanism which enable acanthocephalans to take up metals from the intestinal lumen of the host appears to be based on the presence of bile acids, which form organo-metallic complexes that are easily absorbed by the worms due to their lipophilicity. Investigations of the environmental conditions affecting metal uptake have shown that the parasites are more consistent and reliable indicators for metal pollution than the host tissues as metal levels of the latter are much more dependent on the water chemistry. Thus, after some years of research on the uptake of metals by acanthocephalans and on the factors affecting metal accumulation in intestinal parasites it should be asked if acanthocephalans meet the criteria commonly accepted for sentinels. If parasites can be considered as promising sentinels, we need reasons for the establishment of ‘new’ indicators. Therefore, this review summarises the present knowledge about parasites as bioindicators and compares the accumulation properties of parasites and established free living indicators. Finally, this review presents possible answers to the question why it could be advantageous to have new and even more sensitive indicators for environmental monitoring purposes.
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Ribas, Carla R., Renata B. F. Campos, Fernando A. Schmidt, and Ricardo R. C. Solar. "Ants as Indicators in Brazil: A Review with Suggestions to Improve the Use of Ants in Environmental Monitoring Programs." Psyche: A Journal of Entomology 2012 (2012): 1–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/636749.
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We describe the use of ants as indicators in Brazil, based on a critical review of published articles. The analysis of fifty-eight papers, encompassing a range of almost 25 years, indicates an increased number of studies using ants as indicators in the last decade. Among the parameters analyzed in the papers, species composition is the most suitable to evaluate the effect of the disturbance on ant communities. The use of other metrics that consider the specificity and fidelity (e.g., IndVal index) of ant species to a level or state of disturbance is also highly desirable. We discuss several alternative ways of overcoming many of the drawbacks related to the robustness of the results and to reduce the financial, logistic, and time costs involved with the use of ants as indicators in monitoring programs. By doing so, we expect to encourage new research on ants as bioindicators as well as to summarize current knowledge, facilitating further research.
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Mijošek, Tatjana, Vlatka Filipović Marijić, Zrinka Dragun, Dušica Ivanković, Nesrete Krasnići, Zuzana Redžović, Marina Veseli, et al. "Thallium accumulation in different organisms from karst and lowland rivers of Croatia under wastewater impact." Environmental Chemistry 17, no. 2 (2020): 201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/en19165.
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Environmental contextDespite thallium’s high toxicity, water solubility and bioaccumulation tendency, its ecotoxicological relevance is largely unknown. We investigated thallium concentrations in fish, amphipods and parasitic worms from a karst freshwater ecosystem, and estimated total and cytosolic thallium concentrations in intestine of fish from the karst and lowland rivers impacted by wastewater inflow. The study provides the first data on dietary thallium accumulation in the intestine of freshwater fishes. AbstractThe aim of the present research was to investigate the bioaccumulation of thallium (Tl), a technology-critical element, in fish intestine and muscle, gammarids and the fish intestinal parasites, acanthocephalans, and to evaluate their potential as indicators of metal exposure in aquatic environments. Moreover, total and cytosolic (metabolically available and potentially toxic fraction) Tl concentrations were measured and compared between the intestines of brown trout (Salmo trutta Linnaeus, 1758) from the karst Krka River and Prussian carp (Carassius gibelio Bloch, 1782) from the lowland Ilova River. Since there is a scarcity of information on subcellular metal partitioning in the fish intestine, the results of Tl concentrations in acid digested intestinal tissue, homogenate and cytosol represent preliminary data on Tl diet-borne uptake in salmonid and cyprinid fish. In both rivers, samplings were performed upstream (reference site) and downstream (contaminated site) of the wastewater impact in autumn and spring. Total Tl concentrations were much higher in brown trout than Prussian carp, and higher proportions of cytosolic Tl concentrations were observed in the intestinal tissue of brown trout (45–71%) compared with that of Prussian carp (32–47%). Therefore, both indicators showed species- and site-specific differences. Considering different bioindicator organisms, the most effective Tl accumulation was evident in acanthocephalans compared with the fish tissues and gammarids, which confirmed the potential of fish parasites as bioindicators of metal exposure. Trends of spatial and temporal Tl variability were mostly comparable in all indicator organisms and for total and cytosolic Tl concentrations in the intestine of salmonid and cyprinid fish species, which confirmed their application as useful biological tools in metal exposure assessment.
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Orabi, Gamal, Melinda L. Moir, and Jonathan D. Majer. "Assessing the success of mine restoration using Hemiptera as indicators." Australian Journal of Zoology 58, no. 4 (2010): 243. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/zo10033.
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Understanding trends in assemblage composition of key invertebrate groups can provide important insight into the ‘condition’ of, or changes in, the environment. Species density, abundance and composition of Hemiptera (true bugs) were assessed in jarrah (Eucalyptus marginata) forest and a chronosequence of restored bauxite mine pits near Boddington, Western Australia, in order to evaluate how restoration was progressing. A significant difference was uncovered for hemipteran species density between the youngest restored treatment and forest. In contrast, hemipteran composition was distinct between the forest and all restored treatments. Hemipteran composition was associated with the presence of the plant species Conostylis setigera and Trichocline spathulata, and plant structure between 160–180 cm and 260–280, plus soil pH. Restoration was successful in returning Hemiptera with respect to species density, but restoration was yet to attain a similar composition of Hemiptera to that of unmined forest, despite some of the restored sites being almost 20 years old. These results are similar to those of other studies that have assessed the response of Hemiptera to disturbance, and highlight the need to wait for considerable periods in order to achieve restoration goals. This study also confirms the utility of Hemiptera as bioindicators of environmental ‘condition’ and change.
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Pearce, Jennie, and Lisa Venier. "Are salamanders good bioindicators of sustainable forest management in boreal forests?" Canadian Journal of Forest Research 39, no. 1 (January 2009): 169–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x08-169.
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Salamanders have been identified as potential indicators of sustainable forest management in boreal Ontario, Canada. However, little information is available on their distribution, abundance, and habitat associations within the boreal forests on which to base a monitoring program. We surveyed salamanders near White River, Ontario, and related their distribution to climate and vegetation information and to habitat suitability models currently used for forest planning within the region. Primarily red-backed salamanders ( Plethodon cinereus Green) and blue-spotted salamanders ( Ambystoma laterale Hallowell) were recorded, although both were observed in low numbers and captures varied spatially and temporally. Capture rates were 3–7 times lower for P. cinereus than has been reported elsewhere. Trend monitoring will be expensive and have low power to detect significant declines over moderate time frames unless capture rates can be doubled and within-site variability in capture rates halved. We found few strong habitat relationships using either coverboard or pitfall trap data. Plethodon cinereus was negatively correlated with the volume of downed wood, which has been noted in other regions and may be an artefact of the coverboard survey technique. Further focused studies in the boreal forest are required to support the use of both habitat supply models and trend analysis to monitor salamander populations.
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Añino, Yostin, Alejandro Parra-H, and Dumas Gálvez. "Are Orchid Bees (Apidae: Euglossini) Good Indicators of the State of Conservation of Neotropical Forests?" Sociobiology 66, no. 1 (April 25, 2019): 194. http://dx.doi.org/10.13102/sociobiology.v66i1.3679.
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This work discusses the criteria proposed to consider wild bees as bioindicators and specifically applied to orchid bees in neotropical forests. Some of the issues are: 1) the deficiencies of the sampling methods, which makes it difficult to accurately assess species inventories. 2) missing knowledge about the biology of many species. 3) spatial or temporal distribution of most species remains unknown, which may misslead the results of short-term studies. 4) It is not clear whether orchid bees are affected by climate change as seen in other bees, which weakens their predictive potential. 5) A measure of the economic benefits provided by orchid bees is needed to better appraise them and their conservation. Finally, future studies should develop predictive models for conservation, accounting for evolutionary aspects like phylogeny or distributions; together with studies of the effect of disturbance on the physiology of the bees.
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Azam, Iqra, Sumera Afsheen, Ahmed Zia, Muqaddas Javed, Rashid Saeed, Muhammad Kaleem Sarwar, and Bushra Munir. "Evaluating Insects as Bioindicators of Heavy Metal Contamination and Accumulation near Industrial Area of Gujrat, Pakistan." BioMed Research International 2015 (2015): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/942751.
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To study the accumulation and contamination of heavy metals (i.e., Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, and Zn) in soil, air, and water, few insect species were assayed as ecological indicators. Study area comes under industrial zone of district Gujrat of Punjab, Pakistan. Insects used as bioindicators included a libellulid dragonfly (Crocothemis servilia), an acridid grasshopper (Oxya hyla hyla), and a nymphalid butterfly (Danaus chrysippus) near industrial zone of Gujrat. Accumulation of Cd was highest in insect species followed by Cu, Cr, Zn, and Ni atp<0.05. Hierarchical cluster analysis (HACA) was carried out to study metal accumulation level in all insects. Correlation and regression analysis confirmed HACA observations and declared concentration of heavy metals above permissible limits. Metal concentrations in insects were significantly higher near industries and nallahs in Gujrat and relatively higher concentrations of metals were found in Orthoptera than Odonata and Lepidoptera. The total metal concentrations in insects were pointed significantly higher at sites S3 (Mid of HalsiNala), S9 (End of HalsiNala), and S1 (Start of HalsiNala), whereas lowest value was detected at site S6 (Kalra Khasa) located far from industrial area. HACA indicates that these insect groups are potential indicators of metal contamination and can be used in biomonitoring.
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Vaverková, Magdalena, Dana Adamcová, and František Toman. "Verification of the occurrence of some plant species as indicators of landfill impact on the environment." Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis 61, no. 5 (2013): 1441–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.11118/actaun201361051441.
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An ecological study was conducted on landfill site in Kuchyňky, Czech Republic. Our paper focuses on verification of research into the issue of waste disposal and the possibilities of using bioindicators to assess landfill impact on the surroundings. The subject of research was surface area of the landfill and its immediate surroundings. Sampling was carried out in 2010–2012 and compared with simple floristic list prepared in 2007. Floristic composition was explored in individual segments. Species abundance was established by valuating the simple presence of the species: 1 yes, 0 no, N not identified – irrespective of population abundance. During the floristic research conducted in 2010, we detected 88 plant species, in 2011 – 105 and in 2012 – 105 plant species, which were compared with 94 species listed in 2007. Based on repeated research we did not find any considerable influence of the landfill on the biotic composition of the environment.