Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Índice de higiene oral simplificado'
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Moses, Augusto Ana Ximena. "Caries dental asociada al índice de higiene oral simplificado en niños de 6 a 12 años de una institución educativa pública del distrito de Ate – Vitarte en el año 2013." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/322242.
Full textEl propósito del presente estudio fue determinar la asociación entre la presencia de caries dental y el índice de higiene oral simplificado en niños de 6 a 12 años de una I.E. pública del distrito de Ate – Vitarte en el año 2013. El diseño del estudio fue de tipo descriptivo, observacional, transversal y prospectivo. La muestra estuvo constituida por 247 alumnos del nivel primario de 6 a 12 años. El diagnóstico de la salud oral fue realizado por un operador calibrado bajo criterios de la OMS (kappa = 0.8), mediante un espejo bucal y sonda periodontal. Se midió la prevalencia de caries dental mediante la presencia o ausencia de la enfermedad, mientras que para la experiencia de caries dental se utilizaron el índice CPOD y ceod. Para el diagnóstico de la higiene bucal se utilizó el índice de higiene oral simplificado (IHO-S) de Greene y Vermillon. Las pruebas Chi- cuadrado, Kruskall Wallis y U de Mann Whitney fueron utilizadas para el análisis estadístico de los datos obtenidos. Se encontró una prevalencia de caries dental del 92,71% , mientras que el CPOD y ceod poblacional fueron de 1.51 y 5.57 respectivamente. El índice de higiene oral simplificado mostró que el 34.82% de los niños presentaron una buena higiene oral, mientras que el 57.49% presentaron regular higiene y finalmente el 7.69% presentaron mala higiene oral. Se encontró una asociación estadísticamente significativa (p =0,000) entre la presencia de caries dental y el índice de higiene oral simplificado. Esta investigación reafir¬ma los conceptos ya conocidos en la evidencia científica publicada, y presenta el estado de salud bucal de los niños de esta localidad ubicada en un distrito de la capital de país, orientando sus resultados a elaborar un plan estratégico de trabajo odontológico y un monito¬reo adecuado para disminuir esta enfermedad.
Dias, Guilherme Guimarães. "Avaliação da efetividade de um programa de controle de placa dento bacteriana em pacientes autistas." Universidade de São Paulo, 2009. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5160/tde-08092009-112640/.
Full textAutism appears in the first stages of development. Its features include social deficit, language deficits and behaviour alterations and, quite often, there is retardation of neuropsychomotor development. The oral health may be precarious within this population, as their hygiene habits are inefficient, with a negative effect mainly on periodontal health. The prevention of mouth disorders through bacterial plaque control seems to be the best alternative for promotion and maintenance of good oral health, helping to reduce costs in the public sector and also to improve the quality of life of these patients. The main objective of this study was to assess participation in, and effectiveness of, a programme for bacterial plaque control and prevention among autistic patients, and to assess the conditions of oral health for autistic patients. The patients were evaluated at five times, until a period of 180 days was reached. The following assessment instruments were used: OHI-S (Simplified Oral Hygiene Index), DMF-T index (decayed, missed and filled teeth), the Fonnes brushing technique and a list for informing the diet. DMF-T index showed a mean of 2.2. The patients were divided into two groups, according to the co-operation with the programme: Group A (co-operative) and Group B (non-cooperative). Oral hygiene showed a statistically significant improvement (p<0.001), with 84.2% showing fair or satisfactory hygiene at the end of the study. Group A represented 57.9% of the patients and had a mean age significantly higher than Group B (p=0.02). Groups A and B both showed improvements in hygiene (p<0.001 and p=0.004), but this was significantly higher among the co-operative patients (p=0.009, p=0.013 and p<0.001). Conclusion: There was a significant improvement in hygiene among all patients, but this was more significant among the co-operative patients, who also had a higher average age.
Salinas, Guerra Ariel Andrés. "Efecto del nivel de Streptococcus mutans salival, índice de higiene oral e índice de comportamiento en higiene oral sobre el índice CEOD en niños y niñas de 6 años beneficiarios del programa de salud oral integral en la Región Metropolitana." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2013. http://www.repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/117524.
Full textIntroducción Determinar el riesgo cariogénico del paciente es un requisito fundamental en la realización de un adecuado diagnóstico de salud bucal. Por esto es necesario analizar todos los factores involucrados en la enfermedad de caries, tanto los factores biológicos (como saliva, bacterias, historia de daño por caries) como psicológicos del individuo (Conductas en Higiene Oral). Conocer la relación de estas bacterias, conductas en Higiene Oral e Índice de Higiene Oral y cómo influencian en la prevalencia de caries, es un aspecto importante a considerar al desarrollar políticas públicas en salud oral, especialmente en el niño de 6 años, el cual constituye un grupo objetivo para el Estado, puesto que es a esa edad donde comienza a erupcionar la dentición definitiva. Materiales y Método Se seleccionaron 131 niños y niñas de 6 años beneficiarios del GES “Salud Oral Integral para niños y niñas de 6 años”en 2 consultorios de la Región Metropolitana. En este estudio se relacionó el Nivel de Streptococcus mutans, el Índice de Comportamiento en Higiene Oral, Índice de Higiene Oral e Índice ceod, con el fin de investigar cuál de los 3 primeros predice al último. El análisis estadístico realizado fue una regresión múltiple con el método de pasos sucesivos, aceptando un error estadístico tipo I (p<0,05) utilizando el software estadístico SPSS Stadistic. Los examinadores se sometieron a calibración interexaminador sobre el Índice de Higiene Oral. Los coeficientes Kappa demostraron una baja congruencia entre los examinadores (promedio 0,3), por lo que se eliminó del modelo estadístico. 5 Resultados El 43,5% (n=57) de los pacientes fueron mujeres y el 56,5% (n=74) hombres. El modelo mostró que el Nivel de S. mutans es predictor significativo del Índice ceod (F =11,422, p=0,001), explicando el 7,9% de la varianza, con una correlación positiva leve (0,294). Se excluye la variable Índice de Comportamiento en Higiene Oral debido a que tiene un p=0,420 (p>0,005). 1,121 Conclusiones El Nivel de S. mutans es predictor significativo del Índice ceod con una correlación positiva leve. El Nivel de S. mutans explica el 7,9% de la variación del Índice ceod. No existe correlación significativa entre el Índice de Comportamiento en Higiene oral y el Índice ceod.
Santos, Fabio Gomes dos. "Avaliação do nível de higiene oral e condição periodontal de escolares de 15 a 19 anos da rede pública de Campina Grande, Paraíba." Universidade Estadual da Paraíba, 2013. http://tede.bc.uepb.edu.br/tede/jspui/handle/tede/2620.
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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico - CNPq
Periodontal diseases are considered a public health problem in the world, affecting people in all ages, including adolescents. The aim of this study was to evaluate the oral hygiene level and periodontal status of 15-19 years-old schoolchildren in the city of Campina Grande, Brazil. A cross-sectional study was carried out among 630 students enrolled at public schools, randomly selected by cluster sampling design. For data collection, a form containing socioeconomic variables and those related to oral hygiene was used. Periodontal status was assessed by applying the Simplified Oral Hygiene Index (OHI-S) and the Community Periodontal Index (CPI).Two calibrated examiners (kappa>0.61) performed the clinical examinations. Data were descriptively and inferentially analyzed using the chi-square test, adopting significance level of 5%.There was no statistically significant difference between socioeconomic aspects and periodontal status (p>0.05). All students reported use the toothbrush and toothpaste, while interdental cleaning with dental floss was reported by only 44.1%. The use of dental floss was higher between females (p<0.027). Most of individuals (59.7%) had satisfactory oral hygiene status (OHI-S<1.1), but only 1.3% had healthy periodontium (CPI=0). The prevalence of calculus, bleeding on probe and shallow pockets (4-5mm) were 37.8%, 34.4% and 24.3% respectively. It was concluded that the 15-19 years-old schoolchildren have healthy oral hygiene habits, but showed a high prevalence of bleeding, calculus and shallow periodontal pocket.
As doenças periodontais são consideradas problemas de saúde pública em todo o mundo, podendo afetar indivíduos de todas as idades, incluindo os adolescentes. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o nível de higiene oral e condição periodontal de escolares de 15 a 19 anos da rede pública estadual de Campina Grande, Paraíba. Realizou-se um estudo transversal com 630 escolares matriculados em escolas públicas, selecionados aleatoriamente pela técnica de amostragem por conglomerados. Para a coleta dos dados foi utilizado um formulário contendo informações socioeconômicas e sobre os hábitos de higiene oral dos participantes. A condição periodontal foi avaliada através da aplicação do Índice de Higiene Oral Simplificado (IHO-S) e do Índice Periodontal Comunitário (IPC). Dois examinadores calibrados (kappa>0.61) realizaram os exames clínicos. Os dados foram analisados através da estatística descritiva e inferencial (teste Qui-Quadrado, nível de significância de 95%). Não houve diferença estatisticamente significativa entre os aspectos socioeconômicos e a condição periodontal (p>0,05). Todos os participantes revelaram usar a escova de dente e o creme dental, enquanto que a limpeza interproximal com o fio dental foi observada em 44,1%. O uso do fio dental foi maior entre as mulheres (p<0,027). A maioria dos indivíduos (59,7%) apresentaram um grau de higiene oral satisfatório (IHO-S<1,1), porém apenas 1,3% possuíam saúde periodontal (IPC=0). A prevalência de cálculo, sangramento à sondagem e bolsa periodontal rasa (4-5mm) foi 37,8%; 34,4% e 24,3%; respectivamente. Pode-se concluir que os escolares de 15 a 19 anos possuem hábitos saudáveis de higiene oral, contudo apresentaram uma elevada prevalência de sangramento, cálculo dentário e bolsa periodontal rasa.
Fernández, Valenzuela María Isabel. "Prevalencia y severidad de caries, índice gingival e índice de higiene oral en niños inmigrantes y no inmigrantes pertenecientes al sistemaeducacional minicipalizado del Área Norte de la Región Metropolitana." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2017. http://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/146546.
Full textIntroducción: El fenómeno de las migraciones en el mundo es uno de los más antiguos en la historia y hoy en día cobra importancia mundial cada vez mayor. Actualmente Chile es considerado un país receptor de inmigrantes y ha recibido un número creciente de estos en los últimos años. Sin embargo, no existen estudios epidemiológicos que den cuenta del perfil de salud bucal en la población infantil inmigrante en nuestro país. De esta manera, el objetivo de este estudio es establecer si existen diferencias significativas en la prevalencia y severidad de lesiones de caries, Índice de Higiene Oral (IHO) e Índice Gingival (IG) en niños (as) escolares inmigrantes y niños (as) escolares no inmigrantes de primeros a terceros años básicos, pertenecientes a colegios municipales del área Norte de la Región Metropolitana. Materiales y Métodos: El presente es un estudio descriptivo de corte transversal con un componente analítico. El universo está comprendido por todos los niños (as) escolares de primeros a terceros básicos, que se encuentran inscritos en colegios municipales del área Norte de la Región Metropolitana (comunas de Independencia, Recoleta, Quilicura, y Huechuraba) que cuentan con registro de niños inmigrantes en sus matrículas. El tamaño de muestra fue de 646 niños en total (345 no inmigrantes y 301 inmigrantes), los cuales cumplieron con los criterios de inclusión y presentaron consentimiento informado firmado por sus padres y/o apoderados. El examen clínico fue realizado en ambiente escolar por un grupo de odontólogos previamente calibrados y capacitados (índice Kappa 0,82, intraoperador y 0,78, interoperador). Además, se midieron las siguientes variables para el análisis descriptivo de la muestra: sexo, edad y condición de inmigrante o no. Resultados: La prevalencia de caries total para la población inmigrante fue de 62,7% (IC95%: 56%-68%), el índice COP-D un 0.18 (D.E: 0,6), el ceo-d un 1,9 (D.E:2,43), el IHO 0,64 (D.E: 0,48), el IG para dientes permanentes fue de 0,22 (DE: 0,36) y el IG para dientes temporales fue de 0,2 (DE: 0,33). Asimismo, en la población no inmigrantes, los valores fueron de un 69,7% (IC95%: 56%-68%) para la prevalencia de caries, un 0.19 (D.E: 0,57) para el COP-D, un 2,89 (D.E: 3,11) para el ceo-d, 0,73 (DE: 0,48) para IHO y 0,14 (DE 0,25) para IG de dientes permanentes y 0,12 (DE: 0,25) para IG de dientes temporales. Según estos datos y al realizar las comparaciones de proporciones y promedios, se estableció que existen diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre no inmigrantes e inmigrantes en los ítems de prevalencia (p=0,03), ceo-d (p=0,00), IHO (p=0,02), IG para dientes permanentes (p=0,00) e IG para dientes temporales (p=0,00). Conclusiones: Existe una diferencia significativa para la prevalencia de caries, el índice ceo-d, IHO e IG al compararlos entre inmigrantes y no inmigrantes, obteniéndose una mayor prevalencia y severidad (en dientes temporales) de caries en el grupo de no inmigrantes, un mayor IHO para el grupo de no inmigrantes en comparación con los inmigrantes y un mayor IG en el grupo de inmigrantes (para dientes temporales y definitivos). Se sugiere realizar nuevos estudios que analicen las posibles causas de esta diferencia entre la salud oral de inmigrantes y no inmigrantes.
Flores, Ventocilla Kathleen Mayte. "Comparación del índice de higiene oral posterior a la aplicación de la técnica visual de retroalimentación y convencional en niños de 6 a 9 años de un centro educativo público en el distrito de Ate – Vitarte en el año 2013." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/552231.
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Chillcce, Cordova Geraldyne Esteffany, and Llaja Yeraldine Arabela Flores. "Efecto de una intervención educativa sobre higiene oral en niños y adolescentes con síndrome de Down en los centros de educación básica especial de la provincia de Chiclayo 2017." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Católica Santo Toribio de Mogrovejo, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12423/1050.
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Márquez, Hidalgo Jacqueline Elena. "Relación de la calidad de vida y salud oral en deportistas de alto rendimiento de las selecciones de futbol y básquet en la Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC)." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/624998.
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Luna, Antonio Melitza Jackeline. "Evaluación del uso de la telemedicina (mensajes de texto) sobre el índice de higiene oral en niños de la institución educativa primaria pública “Amauta II” del distrito de Ate Vitarte." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/619094.
Full textObjective: to evaluate the use of telemedicine (text messages) on the Oral Hygiene Index (OHI) in children from a public elementary school “Amauta II” Ate, Lima – Peru. Materials and Methods: the study was longitudinal, quasi-experimental; made to 44 participants who were randomly divided into two groups, telemedicine (text messages) group and control group. Both groups received personalized instruction on oral hygiene brushing technique according toBass. Then the parent / caregiver of the telemedicine group received text messages 2 times per week during 45 days and the control group doesn’t received text messages. Oral hygiene was estimated according to a simplified OHI by Greene and Vermillion which evaluated soft plaque (PB), calcified plaque (PC), the same that was monitored in three stages, initial evaluation (T0), evaluation at 15 days (T1) and last evaluation at 45 days (T2). Results: Of the44 participants, 23 were female and 21 male. In the final evaluation (T2), the telemedicine (text messages) group had an OHI of 1.81 + 0.73; the control group had an OHI of 1.90 + 1.00. Wasn´t found statistically significant differences between both groups. Conclusions: The use of telemedicine (text messages) does not show major changes in the OHI compared with the control group. It is suggested more studies are needed to corroborate or compare results. Keywords: telemedicine, text message, oral hygiene index, oral hygiene, dental plaque
Tovar, Zevallos Manuel Alberto. "Prevalencia de caries de aparición temprana en niños de 3 a 5 años y 11 meses de edad y su asociación con sus factores predisponentes en el policlínico Essalud Chincha de setiembre 2012 a febrero 2013." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/581686.
Full textMateriales y Métodos: es un estudio descriptivo, observacional y transversal. Se realizó en la oficina de archivos del Policlínico Chincha- Essalud – Perú. La muestra estuvo conformada por 300 historias clínicas de niños de 3 a 5 años atendidos durante setiembre 2012 a febrero 2013. Se evaluó las variables: género, edad, índice de higiene oral (IHO), lugar de la lesión y frecuencia de consumo de carbohidratos (FCCH). Se empleó el paquete estadístico Stata® y Microsoft Excel. Se obtuvo los datos de prevalencia y se determinó la asociación mediante la prueba de chi cuadrado con un nivel de significancia estadística (p<0.05). Resultados: La prevalencia de caries de aparición temprana (CAT) fue de 67.33%. El género femenino presentó una prevalencia de 50.4% y el masculino de 49.6%. Se encontró un promedio de caries según superficie dentaria mayor en la cara oclusal (2.29), seguidamente de la cara proximal (0.78) y por último la cara libre (0.55). Los niños de 4 años tenían mayor prevalencia de CAT (38.2%). Se encontró asociación estadísticamente significativa entre CAT y variables como la edad (p=0.005), la frecuencia de consumo de azúcares (p=0.000) y el índice de placa blanda (p=0.000). Conclusiones: Se encontró una prevalencia alta de CAT en los niños. Los factores predisponentes para la presencia de caries fueron: edad, higiene oral y consumo de azúcar.
Maraví, Gutiérrez Jenny Elisa. "Calidad de vida relacionada a la salud oral, caries de aparición temprana y necesidad de tratamiento en preescolares del distrito de independencia." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/624899.
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Pérez, Vega Estefany. "Comparación del control de higiene oral posterior a la aplicación de un material educativo físico versus material educativo multimedia en los alumnos de una institución educativa primaria pública del distrito de Chilca." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/582355.
Full textObjetivo: comparar el control de higiene oral posterior a la aplicación de un material educativo físico con un material educativo multimedia en los alumnos de una institución primaria pública del distrito de Chilca. Materiales y métodos: se realizó un estudio cuasi-experimental con una muestra de 58 alumnos entre 9 y 12 años de edad en una institución educativa de Chilca. Se utilizó dos materiales educativos, uno físico y el otro multimedia y fueron validados por una ONG. Los participantes se dividieron en dos grupos: al primero se le aplicó material educativo físico y al segundo material multimedia; ambas sesiones educativas duraron 30 minutos. Se registró el índice de placa blanda según O´Leary en el tiempo inicial, a los 15 días y al mes. Resultados: en el material educativo físico, el promedio del porcentaje del índice de placa blanda al segundo control que se realizó al mes, obtuvo una media de 5.97% + 5.52 y la del material educativo multimedia fue de 3.73% + 4.08; la comparación de estas medias no presentaron diferencias estadísticamente significativas (p< 0.05). Sin embargo, al comparar los promedios del porcentaje obtenidos a los 15 días para ambos materiales educativos, material educativo físico 20.76% +15.05 y en el material educativo multimedia 12.72% +8.82, presentan diferencias estadísticamente significativas, y se observa que el p valor fue de 0.03 (p < 0.05). Conclusiones: al comparar el control de higiene oral posterior a la aplicación del material educativo físico versus material educativo multimedia no se encontraron diferencias estadísticamente significativas al mes de evaluación, sin embargo a los 15 días de evaluación sí se hallaron diferencias estadísticamente significativas, favoreciendo en los resultados al material educativo multimedia. Ambas herramientas educativas actuaron por igual y ayudaron a disminuir progresivamente el índice de placa blanda de los alumnos evaluados.
Torres, Roque Carol. "Nivel de conocimiento sobre salud bucal en docentes de nivel inicial y madres de familia en relación al índice de salud bucal de niños de 3 a 5 años del I.E.I 093 Cuna Jardín Niños de la Virgen del Rosario del distrito de San Juan de Lurigancho - Lima- Perú." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, 2015. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12672/8710.
Full textDetermina si existe relación entre el nivel de conocimiento de los docentes y madres de familia sobre higiene bucal y el índice de salud bucal de los niños de 3 a 5 años del I.E.I 093 Cuna Jardín Niños de la Virgen del Rosario del distrito de San Juan de Lurigancho- Lima- Perú en el año 2014. El presente estudio es de tipo observacional, descriptivo y de corte transversal. Se realizó la encuesta a los docentes de dicha institución y a las madres de los niños con edades de 3 a 5 años, obteniéndose una muestra de 9 docentes y de 239 madres de familia, también se realizó el ceo-d a los niños de edades de 3 a 5 años para medir el índice de salud bucal, la muestra es de 239 niños. De los docentes se obtuvo como resultado que el 44,4% tiene un nivel de conocimiento alto, el 44,4% medio y un 11,2% bajo. De las madres se obtuvo como resultado que el 71,1% tiene un nivel de conocimiento medio, el 21,8% alto y el 7,1% bajo. De los niños de 3 a 5 años se obtuvo como resultado un ceo-d de 4. La relación entre el nivel de conocimiento de los docentes y el índice de salud bucal de los niños se encuentra relación estadística significante. Se concluye que el nivel de conocimiento de las madres de familia tiene una relación muy importante para la prevención y promoción de la salud bucal en sus propios niños.
Tesis
Cornejo, Ovalle Marco 1969. "Salud bucal y su atención en las personas mayores institucionalizadas de Barcelona y el impacto en su calidad de vida." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/145478.
Full textThe purpose of this thesis was to describe the oral health status of institutionalized elderly in Barcelona and the oral-health care they receive to promote and to maintain their oral health. On the other hand, another goal was to assess the evolution of socioeconomic inequalities in the use of dental services in Chile, a country that guaranteed the oral health care to some people. This in order to propose the scheme ensuring some oral health care as a strategy to improve, in the long term, the impact of oral health on the quality of life of older people . The results show that institutionalized elderly in Barcelona have poor oral health and poor quality of life in relation to their oral health (Paper 1). Although this group receives daily oral health care, there are features of institutions and caregivers, hindering optimize the performance of these activities (Paper 2). On the other hand, socioeconomic inequalities in the use of dental services significantly decreased after the implementation of the guarantees for dental care in Chile (Paper 3). It emphasizes the importance of developing strategies to support and promote a better oral health among institutionalized elderly, whose overall health decreases their ability to self-care. Also noteworthy is that the structural aspects such as insurance and dental care coverage contribute to a more equitable use of dental services. The scheme ensuring oral health care and services to vulnerable groups, such as the institutionalized elderly collective, could be an appropriate policy for Spain where the population currently lacks of dental care coverage.
Duarte, Ana Teresa Tovar de Lemos Medina. "Índices de higiene oral em pacientes com aparatologia fixa." Master's thesis, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.26/10871.
Full textO objectivo do estudo foi analisar, avaliar e quantificar o nível de Higiene Oral em pacientes com aparatologia fixa com uma idade mínima de oito anos. A amostra (12 mulheres e 11 homens com média de idade de 16,35±5,57 anos), foi sujeita a um questionário sociodemográfico, com questões relativas à higiene oral e foi dividida em dois grupos, o grupo 1 (G1) e o grupo 2 (G2). No início das primeiras três consultas de controlo de ortodontia realizadas no Instituto Superior de Ciências da Saúde Egas Moniz foi aplicado o revelador de placa. A análise dentária na presença de revelador de placa é feita através do índice de Quigley-Hein e um índice composto pelo Quigley-Hein e bonded bracket index. No final das consultas, a motivação de higiene oral foi dada ao G1. Através da análise estatística pode-se verificar que ao longo do tempo o G1 diminuiu consideravelmente a média dos níveis dos índices, e o G2 aumenta ligeiramente, não sendo estatisticamente significativo. Comparando o G1 e G2 nas três primeiras consultas, o G2 tem valores mais elevados na média dos níveis dos índices que o G1 excepto na primeira consulta, não sendo, no entanto, estatisticamente significativo (p>0,05). Pode-se concluir que o G1 sofreu uma melhoria nos índices de higiene oral ao longo das três consultas. A motivação realizada no final de cada uma contribuiu para uma maior eficácia e destreza na realização de uma boa higiene oral.
Marinho, Joana Cleto de Sousa. "Caracterização do índice de biofilme oral em doentes internados no serviço de cuidados intensivos 1 do Centro Hospitalar do Porto." Master's thesis, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10284/5560.
Full textIntroduction: The oral cavity of a patient who has been hospitalized presents a different flora from normal healthy people. After 48h hours of hospital stay, the flora presents a bigger number of microorganisms that can be responsible for secondary infections, like pneumonia, because of their growth and proliferation. This risk get even larger on critically ill patients. It’s these patients that need an oral hygiene protocol that can best manage the development of the oral biofilm. Objectives: Assess the dental plaque index on patients on admission to an Intensive Care Unit, and reassessment of said index 7 days later, to evaluate the efficacy of oral hygiene on said unit. Methods: Prospective, institutional, descriptive, analytic and observational study on Serviço de Cuidados Intensivos do CHP. The sample included 18 year olds of older, with a hospital stay equal or longer than 7 days. Demographic, admission motive, hospital stay length, prescribed medication, feeding protocol, respiratory support need and oral hygiene protocol data was collected. The Greene & Vermillion (IHO-S) simplified oral hygiene index was used as the assessment tool on the first 24h of hospital stay, and 7 days later. The IHO-S is an index with 2 components, a residue one and a calculus one, each assessed on a scale of 0 to 3. 6 dental facets are divided on 3 clinical zones (gum, middle third and occlusal). After each evaluation, the sum of each value is then divided by the number of evaluated facets. The IHO-S score for each patients is the result of adding all the components. Results: 74 patients were evaluated, 42 of which were excluded for not meeting the minimal dentition. The 32 patients who completed the study had a mean age of 60, 53 ± 14, 44, 53, 1% were males and most of medical and surgical scope (37, 5% each). The patients involved in this study had a mean hospital stay of 15, 69±6, 69 days. It was also shown that 17 of this patient (53, 1%) were staying more than 14 days in intensive care unit. Regarding the particular characteristics of the example, it was verified that, during the evaluation period, the majority of patients were sedated (75%), under ventilator support (81, 3%) and with enteric nutritional support, under nasogastric tube feeding. The initial IHO-S score was 0, 67±0, 45, rising to 1, 04±0, 51 (p<0, 05) 7 days later. This increase in score and worsening of dental hygiene condition seems to be mostly related to poor dental hygiene care to patients, as no significant differences were seen between evaluated variables, except for enteric nutrition versus fluid therapy. Discussion and Conclusion: Even though various studies have proven the importance of a good oral hygiene to avoid bacterial growth and reduce the risk for nosocomial infections, many health institutions still do not give this practice the necessary attention. In this study, we’ve observed a significant worsening of oral hygiene one week after admission. Although this could be unimportant for a one week staying patient, it could indicate an increased risk for nosocomial infections for a longer staying patients, which could really benefit from a more efficient oral hygiene protocol.
Henriques, Luís Rafael Almeida. "pH salivar : preditor do índice CPO/cpo?" Master's thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.14/16267.
Full textObjective: The ability to accurately predict the risk of dental caries would be a breakthrough in its treatment and a considerable improve on communities’ oral health. Nowadays, the treatment of dental caries is performed without taking into account the risk assessment, simply because there is still no analytical and objective way for its consideration. The aim of this study is to investigate the possible correlation between the saliva’s pH and the respective DMFT index from children from 5 to 10 years old. Materials and Methods: 184 samples of unstimulated saliva were collected from the same number of children aged 5 to 10 years after performing the respective clinical evaluation. In this clinical examination was assessed the existence of decayed, missing and filled teeth (DMF index). The salivary pH measurement was performed using a digital meter. To the legal guardians of those children was asked to fill in a questionnaire in order to assess their current health status and their oral hygiene habits. The data were analysed using the software IBM SPSS Statistics®, v20.0.0.0. Results: There were 184 children who met the criteria for inclusion, and the prevalence of dental caries was observed in 76%. There were correlations between the salivary pH and gender (ρ= 0.040) and between salivary pH and the number of teeth filled permanent (p = 0.034). There was no correlation between age and the salivary pH (ρ = 0.723), the use of fluoride mouthwash (ρ = 0.920), use of systemic fluoride (ρ = 0.672), the use of dental floss (ρ = 0.467), the frequency of brushing (ρ = 0.457), the DMF index (ρ = 0.808) and the dmf index (ρ = 0.273). Conclusion: Salivary pH is not, by itself, predictor of DMF/dmf index.
Monteiro, Ana Sofia Silva. "Avaliação dos indicadores de saúde oral numa população de pacientes especiais." Master's thesis, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.14/26153.
Full textIntroduction: Dental Medicine is many times neglected especially as far as individuals with special needs are concerned. This type of population due to difficulties of access or follow-up appointments in the dental medicine area, presents characteristically very low rates of oral health with high prevalence of cavities and periodontal disease. Methods: From the 11 institutions contacted, 5 participated in the study (APERCIM, CRINABEL, CERCI Lisboa, IVF e Sto. Estevão). After signing the informed consent, a clinical file was filled with the aid of an employee of the institution in order to make possible the characterization of the sample. Later on a first evaluation both extra- and intra-oral measured: DMFT index, plaque index, COPI index COHI index and COCNI index. An attempt to raise the awareness of the patients and caretakers was put in place in order to promote oral hygiene. After 7 days a new intra-oral awareness campaign was performed with the same parameters as the first one. At the end of 30 days the last intra-oral evaluation took place. Results: The majority of the studied population (53,1%, n=76) is of the male gender and in 57,4% were between 35 and 55 years old. The IP1 average is 62.3%, the IP2 is 59,6% and the IP3 is 60.1%. The correlation of the average values of IP in the 3 moments presents p<0,00,1. There is also a strong correlation between the values of IP1 and DMFT (p=0,003) and between the values of DMFT and the total amount of medication that the users take (p=0,005). An increase in the number of total intake of medication expresses an increase in the number of DMFT values. Conclusion: The awareness campaign performed among users and staff of the institution improved their oral hygiene. However, this awareness should be done on a short-term period of time because an improvement was observed in a short term (after 7 days) but the oral hygiene in medium term (after 30 days) decreased when compared to the second evaluation.
Ferreira, Ana Letícia Almeida. "A influência do excesso de peso e obesidade na saúde oral." Master's thesis, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.14/26154.
Full textIntroduction: Overweight and obesity are defined as abnormal or excessive fat accumulation. That pathology leads to different problems in various body systems and in oral cavity, too. Dental caries and periodontal disease have been related with overweight but the scientific community is not yet unanimous regarding the subject. The aim of this study was to evaluate how overweight and obesity have impact on lifestyle, oral habits and oral pathologies, having in concern social state, systemic pathologies and nutritional lifestyle. Methods: We conducted an observational, cross-sectional study where we applied a questionnaire to 140 individuals, those 70 had a normal BMI and 70 had an excessive BMI, in Lisbon and Viseu. We also realized an oral inspection in each individual to record the indexes DMFT, CPI and the hygiene oral state. Results: From the final sample, 30% of the subjects with overweight brush their teeth once a day or less, while the majority (62,9%) of the control group brush twice daily. In oral examination, 70% had calculus, while control group only had 22,5% of the population with calcified plaque. Also DMFT increased since group control to obesity group. Regarding periodontal disease, people with overweight are the ones that need more medical intervention (81,4%) in contrast with group control (14%). Conclusions: Most overweight individuals present precarious oral hygiene habits, higher incidences of dental caries, and worse periods of periodontal health. They are not sensitized to the repercussions of association of their cariogenic diet, oral health and overweight.
Baptista, Ana Carolina Soares. "Consulta dos 0 aos 60 anos : análise dos pacientes de uma unidade de saúde familiar." Master's thesis, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.14/23903.
Full textIntroduction: Childhood is a period of acquisition of habits and behaviors, influenced by the surrounding environment. The child must acquire, at an early age, correct eating and hygiene habits. In Portugal, tooth decay is a public health problem. Prevention and early intervention are essential. Objectives: The main objectives were to understand if the PNPSO measures are promoted, the information of those responsible regarding food habits and oral hygiene, how important they are to them, what care they have with infants and children and themselves, what is the prevalence of caries in the studied child population and what is the agreement between present teeth and those predicted by the tables of eruption chronology. Material and methods: A cross-sectional observational epidemiological study was carried out to evaluate the oral and feeding hygiene care that parents / tutors had with infants / children and themselves. A convenience sample was used, obtaining data from as many users as possible from 0 to 6 years old and their parents / tutors, who attended USF Rio Dão between October 2016 and February 2017. A questionnaire was applied by interview and the clinical observation was recorded. The present teeth, the DMFT index and the ceod index were evaluated. Results: 24.3% of those responsible did not wash their teeth daily. 32.0% of those responsible had not visited the Dentist in the past year. 73.8% of the children consumed candies. Of the 72.8% children who washed their teeth, 36.0% did not do it daily. The average ceod index was 1.11 ± 2.52 and the DMFT was 0. There was no complete correspondence with the two tables, and for one of them there was greater correspondence of the female gender. Conclusions: Oral health promotion to parents / guardians was not uniform in the studied population. Although those responsible consider oral hygiene habits and deciduous dentition extremely important, these considerations do not correspond to the care they have for babies / children.
Cabral, Sílvia Egipto. "Relatório atividade clínica." Master's thesis, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.14/18803.
Full textThis document, Clinical Activity Report, deals with all the activity carried out by me, at the University Clinic during the present school year, 2014/15. This work is elaborated in order to report all academic activities, both clinical and research work. Aiming to summarize all the work from this present year, may, when completed, have a set of information with academic and personal interest, showing development and integration of knowledge. Along to this there will be a study about the population that is presented to the consultation in University Clinic, assessing the DMF Index, lost teeth, prosthetic rehabilitation and periodontal disease. Therefore, this report shall prepare a work plan, following a line of thought, in order to present possible conclusions with sense and logic. The issue to be addressed is the aging of population and degradation of oral health, which is a subject that in my opinion, is relevant to dentistry since it has direct implications on our daily clinical practice. Attached there will be a report, quantitatively and qualitatively, that will resume the fulfilment of the proposed program by the different disciplines. The Dentist must be prepared for the increasing of elderly population which has needs and expectations in relation to dental treatment. It is essential to invest in prevention and management of disease, rather than just treating the patient.