Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Indiens d'Amérique – Terres – Canada'
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Donovan, Brian. "The common law basis of Aboriginal entitlements to land in Canada, the law's crooked path." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/MQ62720.pdf.
Full textGiroux, Claude. "La terre, le mythe et la procédure : les études de l'utilisation du territoire à l'heure de la recherche appliquée." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/56504.
Full textDrapeau, Thierry. "Expérimenter l'économie mondiale : ethnographie sociopolitique de la nation Secwepemc de l'époque pré-coloniale au néolibéralisme global." Thesis, Université Laval, 2008. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2008/25269/25269.pdf.
Full textMotard, Geneviève. "Le principe de personnalité des lois comme voie d'émancipation des peuples autochtones? : analyse critique des ententes d'autonomie gouvernementale au Canada." Thesis, Université Laval, 2013. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2013/29669/29669.pdf.
Full textTanguay, Jean. "La liberté d'errer et de vaquer : les Hurons de Lorette et l'occupation du territoire, XVIIe-XIXe siècles." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/28449.
Full textTirard, Christèle. "Les indiens au sein de la confederation canadienne de 1867 a nos jours. Aspects politiques et juridiques." Paris 3, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA030125.
Full textDuquet, Pascal. "La controverse historique entourant la survie du titre aborigène sur le territoire compris dans les limites de ce qu'était la province de Québec en 1763." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp03/MQ38075.pdf.
Full textDubois, Paul-André. "Chant et mission en Nouvelle-France : espace et rencontre des cultures." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/17927.
Full textSawaya, Jean-Pierre. "Les Sept-Nations du Canada et les Britanniques, 1759-1774 : alliance et dépendance." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/NQ66334.pdf.
Full textBousquet, Marie-Pierre. ""Quand nous vivions dans le bois", le changement spatial et sa dimension générationnelle : l'exemple des Algonquins du Canada." Paris 10, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA100096.
Full text"When we lived in the bush" is a saying central to the way the Algonkins of Canada talk about themselves. For these former nomadic hunter-trappers who became sedentary between 1853 and the 1960's, it recalls their old lifestyle as opposed to the way they live now. It stresses the strong ties they evoke between tradition and territory. Nowadays, though the Algonkins live in reservations and towns established on their ancestral territory, they present themselves as immigrants, uprooted from the forests where their culture originated. This dissertation looks at how différent generations (or age groups) of Algonkins talk about space and change, with each generation marking a différent phase in the sedentarisation process. By examining the discourse of the various age groups on change, it offers a new look at the perception of spatial change and social transformation. It explores adaptations to rural and urban settings as contexts for expressing a new cultural identity ; it analyzes Algonkin discourse on social categories, the generation gap, and the evolution of criteria for being a member of this native people. The final question is whether one can be an uprooted immigrant while living on one's own ancestral territory
Sawaya, Jean-Pierre. "Les Sept Nations du Canada : traditions d'alliance dans le Nord-Est, XVIIIe-XIXe siècles." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/28435.
Full textBoily, Maxime. "Les terres amérindiennes dans le régime seigneurial : les modèles fonciers des missions sédentaires de la Nouvelle-France." Thesis, Université Laval, 2006. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2006/23701/23701.pdf.
Full textDesprez, Anne-Valérie. "Pratiques symboliques et savoirs techniques : pour une construction de la nature chez les Indiens Montagnais." Toulouse 2, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001TOU20071.
Full textAnimals, apprehended in their environment, lead the men to consider their relationship with Nature through behaviors, manners and attitudes of these animals, thus returning their perception and their sense of esthetics, to valorizations of an ethical nature and fascinations of an imaginary nature. This type of thought and the social organization which results from this, characterizes the life of the Montagnais Indians of Quebec. A coexistence of long date wove links between them and nature, allowing these men, by the systematization of prehensible data, to set up a group in its tradition and its memory. The evolution of the representations of the report/ratio between Nature and Montagnais is presented according to two directions. The first one approaches the relation man-nature from a symbolic system point of view, starting from statements, practices and rituals related to the acts of hunting and fishing. It tries to explain how was structured the Indian thought in the historical context of a nomad autarkical society, and how it evolved/moved under the weight of colonization, of christianization and finally, of sedentarisation. The second direction considers the study of the representations of the Nature from an ecological point of view, thus underlining the installation of vital relationships. Indeed, Montagnais, from their geographical insulation and the ± hostile α nature of their environment, had from early days, to manage their relation with fauna and flora, the main elements, guarantors of their survival. Today, at the time of an ± exotic α tourism and the great return of ecology, the relation between the man and Nature call upon different feelings, from a systematic exploitation without any limit of the faunal reserves, to a frienzed defense with other territories. In spite of the assertion of a strong indigenous identity, and that since the beginning of the Seventies, the image that are made the Westerners of the Indian society hardly evolves/moves, being generally summarized from two contrasted points of view opposing the tradition to the tansition, the immobility with the movement. This search aims to put into relief the attempt of the explanation of the systems of representation of Nature, specific to the Montagnais Indians, his sociogenesis, and the attempt at comprehension of the evolution of mentalities, divided between present and past
Belmessous, Saliha. "D'un préjugé culturel à un préjugé racial : la politique indigène de la France au Canada." Paris, EHESS, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999EHES0A20.
Full textContrary to a deep-rooted historiographical myth, the French colonizers’ attitude towards Amerindians was not imbued with benevolence or consideration. The Amerindians were perceived as "savages", socially and culturally inferior to the Europeans; as such, they were first dispossessed of their territory. The failure of the policy of assimilation pursued by the French authorities then consecrated the idea of an immutable savage nature that could not be reformed. In the 18th century, there was an appeal to racial prejudice to explain and understand this failure, which favored the setting up of the Amerindians’ "naturalization" (eg the explanation of their behavior by nature) for political reasons. Their supposed nature was then instrumentalized with a view to various exploitations, the first being of an economic and military nature. The distortion of the native figure also took other turns, in function of the colonizers’ emotional, political and intellectual demands. However, because of an unfavorable situation - maintaining of the natives' sovereignty and British expansionism -, the French colonizers could never extend this exploitation as far as they wanted
Goyon, Marie. "Dynamiques de transformation et de transmission d'un savoir-faire : le "travail aux piquants" des Amérindiens des Plaines de la Saskatchewan (Canada)." Lyon 2, 2005. http://theses.univ-lyon2.fr/documents/lyon2/2005/goyon_m.
Full textThe purpose of this thesis is a field research conducted with the Amerindian contemporary communities practicing the art of embroidery with porcupine quills: Cree, Lakota and Ojibway principally. From a technical analysis, stylistic, aesthetic and symbolic of the transformations suffered and initiated by this art, the objects are envisioned as witnesses of individual and collective histories. We try to understand how and why the human societies abandon, preserve or transform their inheritances: here how a thousand-year-old and delicate technique persisted despite the coming of another (embroidery with beads, introduced by the settlers) easier and with appreciated results. The notions of « tradition », invention, creation will be questioned, in look of the past studies conducted on the subject (schools of diffusionnism and culturalism) and practices of the quillworkers. It is a matter therefore also of a thinking on femininity, its codes and its cultural transmission methods, through the analysis of an art where mix logics and various dimensions are encountered : mythical, epistemological, symbolic, practical, cosmogonist. A think about the movement, passages and transformations, a think about the continuum of the living, will be declined from a key-idea: «mitakuye oyasin» (lakota), «we are all related, we are all parents». A logic of interconnection will reveal itself with the passing of the text and will be proposed as a model of analysis, allowing of course the study of the embroidery, but equally the one of other contemporary problems, to which ones is confronted the anthropology: to the «globalization», to the explosion of the former categories set up
Beaulieu, Alain. "Ne faire qu'un seul peuple? : Iroquois et Français à l'"âge héroïque" de la Nouvelle-France (1600-1660)." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/23872.
Full textCapitaine, Brieg. "Autochtonie et modernité : l'expérience des Innus au Canada." Paris, EHESS, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012EHES0122.
Full textThe concept of modernity is intrinsically based on a break marking the boundary between modern society and the past. Indigenous peoples thus represent a real test case for social scientists who were able to observe in situ the multiple facets of the advent of a world that promised much freedom and progress but also uncertainty and lack of freedom. How do indigenous peoples experience modernity and what meaning do they give to their actions? This thesis is based on the ethnography of two Innu reserves in Quebec, more than thirty semi-structured interviews with actors of both communities, and an analysis of American Indian politics, legal documents and newspaper articles. This thesis focuses on the individuals without neglecting the forms of power that influence them, and explores the tension that indigenous societies experience in the creation of modern societies. While for over thirty years, the Innu fought for freedom and resisted the Canadian state, their actions also contributed to their confinement in a collective identity of victimization. This paradox inherent to the the indigenous movement took not the downfall of the Canadian nation-state, but rather one of the actors in its resurgence. Finally, aside from some political action that has been deemed destructive, certain individuals have taken it upon themselves to create a society that is no longer determined by the rules of the existing social system, but is a product of the identity of those at «the bottom». In conclusion, this thesis explores, through the double analysis of the subjectification by freedom, and of the political action for freedom, the tension that characterizes indigenous modernity
Jetten, Marc. "Les réductions amérindiennes de Nouvelle-France (1637-1701) : l'Église naissante du Canada?" Master's thesis, Université Laval, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/28451.
Full textRolland, Raphaëlle. "Au coeur des rochers : La préservation du Canyon de Chelly à l'épreuve du paysage culturel navajo." Paris, EHESS, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006EHES0222.
Full textHeart of rocks tackles the complex relationship between the National Park Service (NPS) and Native American residents in the United States, in the particular case of the Canyon de Chelly National Monument, in Arizona, established in 1931 for its archeological and natural wonders, but where Navajo land use rights have been maintained. This is exceptional since the American model of park has, for a long time, systematically dispossessed Native tribes from their ancestral territory, based on the premise that the wilderness must be left at its own course without any human interference. The axis of the Ph. D. , simply stated, develops how preservation, whose legislative framework is evolving towards a better incorporation of Native Americans worldviews, traditional use and increased pressure of tourism, can be integrated with in their different stakes and perspectives in the management of parks
Couton, Valérie. "L'art contemporain amérindien au Canada : essai d'analyse d'un mouvement artistique." Lyon 2, 2002. http://theses.univ-lyon2.fr/documents/lyon2/2002/couton_v.
Full textYves, Michel. "Présentation et représentation dans la culture primitive des autochtones du Québec." Aix-Marseille 1, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001AIX10074.
Full textBeaulieu, Alain. "Convertir les fils de Caïn : jésuites et Amérindiens nomades en Nouvelle-France, 1632-1642." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/29149.
Full textRoux, Magali. "D. H. Lawrence et les cinq soleils : voyage d’un écrivain anglais en terres mexicaines." Toulouse 2, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009TOU20114.
Full textThis dissertation has been conceived as a way of travelling throughout D. H. Lawrence’s works and it tries to demonstrate the importance of the “Mexican” years (those spent in New Mexico and Mexico between September 1922 and September 1925) in the process of their creation. Indeed, Lawrence’s writings were shaped by the dynamics of his quest and his travelling around the world. All his life, he has been looking for the ideal place where regenerated human beings, in contact with the cosmos, could escape from the evils of the industrial age and rediscover an authentic relationship with the other. The Mexican period played a significant part in the evolution of Lawrence’s thinking and writing. Indians civilisations in America favour another way of life, another conception of time and of the relationship with the community and the divine, all of which fascinated the artist. The people he met and the things he experienced in Mexican lands stimulated his imagination and inspired many rather disconcerting texts. In order to show how original and relevant they are, this study compares them with three types of sources: the rest of Lawrence’s work – before and after the Mexican years –, other texts by British writers who also travelled to Mexico, and books by Mexican authors. Lawrence’s writing, which leaves a space to the expression of otherness and allows various interpretations, has the readers eventually travel further than the Mexican lands. It brings them towards another world where everything is possible, since its only borders are the shifting, open lines of creation – an artistic and spiritual journey
Dubois, Paul-André. "Naissance et évolution de la musique religieuse en langue vernaculaire dans les missions amérindiennes de Nouvelle-France au cours de la première moitié du XVIIième siècle." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/28409.
Full textMontel, Glénisson Caroline. "Le rapport enseignant-enseigné dans les Relations des Jésuites de la Nouvelle-France (1632-1672)." Paris 3, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA030140.
Full textThe Relations des Jésuites de la Nouvelle-France (1632-1672), written accounts of Jesuit missionaries' work in the seventeenth century, offer a unique perspective on the interaction between the finest contemporary language professors and the Amerindian populations of present-day Canada. This thesis analyzes the uncommon pedagogical relationship that this encounter yielded and whose references are found in the Ration studiorum, a didactic masterpiece that has been forgotten until now by historians and specialists of language and culture didactism. Through analysis of the body of these texts we bear witness to the techniques devised by the jesuits to learn the language and the culture of the Amerindian 'other" as a preliminary to their pedagogocal philosophy of communication. .
Ferland, Catherine. "Bacchus en Canada : boissons, buveurs et ivresses en Nouvelle-France, XVIIe-XVIIIe siècles." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/17841.
Full textMainguy, Maude. "Être auteur amérindien : l’écriture comme outil d’affirmation culturelle et de guérison chez Tomson Highway." Thesis, Université Laval, 2013. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2013/29686/29686.pdf.
Full textGagnon, Mathieu. "Enquête morale sur le mépris envers les premières nations : le programme de conversion des Jésuites en Huronie au 17e siècle et le programme de civilisation britanno-canadien au 19e siècle." Thesis, Université Laval, 2011. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2011/28103/28103.pdf.
Full textChaffray, Stéphanie. "Le corps amérindien dans les relations de voyage en Nouvelle-France au dix-huitième siècle." Paris 4, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA040071.
Full textEighteenth-century travel accounts in New France describe the Native body abundantly. By analyzing these documents – mostly created for colonial or ecclesiastical authorities – this study shows that the textual and iconographic representations of the body play an active role in France’s imperial project. Knowledge of the Amerindian body, made it possible to maintain French-Native alliances, which were essential to the empire, and to reinforce the colonial bond. These representations also aimed to position the ‘Other’ remotely, in order to contemplate the colonization process. It appears that the French images of Aboriginal bodies were rich and complex and were much more than simple metaphors, mirrors of oneself, or tools of propaganda; instead, they created the possibility to act out the French colonial reality
Genest, Serge D. "Continuités et ruptures des réseaux commerciaux des Amérindiens du Nord-Est : de la préhistoire récente à 1625." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/29456.
Full textPeikoff, Tannis Mara. "Anglican missionaries and governing the self, an encounter with Aboriginal peoples in western Canada, 1820-1865." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp02/NQ53072.pdf.
Full textMorin, Maxime. "Devenir "missionnaire des Sauvages" : origines, formation et entrée en fonction des sujets dans les missions amérindiennes du Canada et de l'Acadie (1700-1763)." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/31745.
Full textFollowing the Treaty of Ryswick, signed in 1697, the on-going rivalry between France and England for control of Atlantic colonial trade directly impacted the North- American political climate. As a result, French authorities established various policies to protect the lands they had claimed from the British until the fall of New France in 1763. One of those policies consisted in strengthening alliances with Native populations settled in the buffer zones between French and British settlements, such as Acadia and the southern part of the Laurentian Valley. As these allies formed the main military forces of the colony until the French and Indian War, the French used all means at their disposal to convince the Natives to aid their cause. In this troubled climate, the relationships between French Catholic missionaries and converted Natives had an undeniable political influence. To preserve loyalty to the Crown, a small number of missionaries were called upon to collaborate with the French administration. In the 18th century, the evangelized Natives included the Praying Indians of Canada, the Abenaki, the Maliseet, the Passamaquoddy and the Mi’kmaq of Acadia. In addition to exercising their expected ministry duties, some of the well-established missionaries also acted as diplomats, informers, interpreters, or chaplains when accompanying the Native warriors. Having analysed 25 profiles of missionaries who contributed to the French-Native relationship during this period, this doctoral thesis explores the pathway leading to a missionary vocation, beginning with its presentation in the educational context to its actual implementation in the field by young priests. It examines and explains the step-by-step process of becoming a “missionnaire des Sauvages” – as they were called in documents at the time – in Canada and Acadia between 1700 and 1763. By retracing the individual journeys of Jesuit, Recollect, or Sulpician missionaries, and also priests from the Seminary of Foreign Missions, we revisit each of the main achievements of this small group, from their origins to their first steps amongst the Natives. This comparative analysis shows that before a missionary from these communities was sent to work with Indigenous populations, candidates first had go through a long selection process, which was constantly altered by the evolving context of the missions. Although these individuals all initially followed a similar path leading them to ministry in Indian communities, their individual experiences were nonetheless unique and bear witness to the wide range of personal itineraries converging towards New France at the time. Whether born in France or in Canada, the missionaries came from various socioeconomic backgrounds. Their academic, ecclesiastical, and religious education shaped them into missionary-priests. Hand-picked during their preparatory studies, the selected individuals had to go through a transit screening process before heading to New France. Once having arrived at their destination, their introduction amongst the Natives of Canada and Acadia was overseen and supervised by their superiors. With their assignment in hand...
Lortie, Richard. "La guerre des renards, 1700-1740 ou Quatre décennies de résistance à l'expansionnisme français." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/29328.
Full textRoux, Hélène. "Contre-réforme agraire au Nicaragua, instrument de reconquête du pouvoir 1990-2010." Paris 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA010663.
Full textBalvay, Arnaud. "L'épée et la plume : Amérindiens et soldats des troupes de la Marine en Louisiane et au Pays d'en Haut (1683-1763)." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/17953.
Full textMiguez, Núñez Rodrigo Antonio. "Terra di scontri : alterazioni e rivendicazioni del diritto alla terra nelle Ande centrali." Paris, EHESS, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010EHES0073.
Full textThe concepts and rules assciated to European systems of land law have historically spread throughout South America. This import did not arrive without creating difficulties, however: just like in Europe. The new ideas implemented by the civil code backlashed, as shown by forms of resistance and obstacles to the implementation of the models represented by the codes and by the "official" doctrine. In South American these reflect a complete Iack of understanding of the alternative forms of land tenure of the traditional societies, which are now the basis of the land claims or autochthonous peoples. This thesis analyses the high Andean region which is currently part of Peru and Bolivia. Based on a comparative historical approach the study advances a critical analysis of the legal transplant of possessive individualism in the region and the local resistances to the: importation of western legal doctrines. The advent of the occidental state involved the imposition of the possessive individualism and liberalism as central values of the new institutional Latin-American order. During the republican period such process, justified by the prestige or the European experience, was supported by the proliferation of a set of laws aimed at canceling any reference to the colonial system. In its economic profile, the new ideology gravitated around the establishment or individual freedom or disposition over the most evaluated asset according the economic and philosophical predicaments of European physiocracy: the land. For this reason the process of economic consolidation leaded to establishment of an increasing rural market based on individual titles to property, and to the eradication through an exhaustive legislative production, of any obstacle to the free alienability of the land
Zlitni, Mouna. "Colonies anglaises et terres indiennes : dynamiques et enjeux de la cohabitation entre Indiens et Puritains dans le sud de la Nouvelle Angleterre au XVIIe siecle." Thesis, Paris 4, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA040154.
Full textThe question of land property, use and transfer between the Indians of southern New England and the Puritans who settled among them has been the subject of a large literature and has always been a highly controversial issue. Giving the fact that this issue has always been referred to as a dispossession, we thought it interesting to go beyond this traditional perspective. Indeed, we propose to show that this movement of land transfer can be considered as a legal and just land transaction and that it was equitable to both parties. We also aim at presenting another image of the Indian; an image different from the one depicting him as a submitted Indian and a victim of colonial invasion and cultural assault. Our study is based on an ethnohistorical analysis of the land deeds that took place between the Indians and the English colonists in southern New England between 1620 and 1676
Bouchard, Isabelle. "MISSIONNER AU PAYS DES ILLINOIS: Ambiguïté et justification du rôle du missionnaire dans l'alliance franco-amérindienne (1673-1719)." Thesis, Université Laval, 2010. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2010/27370/27370.pdf.
Full textAvignon, Mathieu d'. "Samuel de Champlain et les alliances franco-amérindiennes : une diplomatie interculturelle." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/MQ60627.pdf.
Full textBernardot, Hélène. "Representing ethnography and history, interacting with heritage : analysing museological practices at the Huron-Wendat Museum." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/67005.
Full textThis master thesis is an analysis of the current specific actions on representation and interaction taken in contemporary ethnographic museums. The aim is to highlight museology pathways used to represent local Indigenous culture and to explore how the public is involved with and relates to these specific discourses on heritage. Special attention will be devoted to the study of the shift of museums from authoritative places of education to socially inclusive spaces. The mission of heritage professionals in terms of representation will be analysed, as well as their work on the notions of accessibility and involvement for and with the public. The Huron-Wendat Museum in Wendake, Québec, serves to investigate these museum practices. Drawing from thorough fieldwork and extensive secondary literature, this master thesis will further probe the prevailing notions of identity, continuity and unity of the new museology in a postcolonial context.
Lemaitre, Serge. "Kekeewin ou kekeenowin: les peintures rupestres de l'est du Bouclier canadien." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/211124.
Full textDepuis une dizaine d'années, les recherches en art rupestre se développent de plus en plus :de nouvelles techniques, ainsi que des interprétations récentes, prenant plus en compte les autres domaines scientifiques font leur apparition. Toutes ces approches sont largement diffusées par des colloques, des congrès et des périodiques spécialisés. Néanmoins, elles sont encore peu appliquées dans de nombreuses régions, les représentations ne faisant généralement l'objet que d'un relevé succinct, d'une identification des principaux motifs et d'une chronologie relative incertaine. Dans les années '60, Leroi-Gourhan rejetait, à juste titre pour l'art pariétal européen, le comparatisme ethnologique et il préconisait de "recevoir directement du Paléolithique ce qu'il apportait spontanément". Les spécialistes européens se focalisèrent alors sur les peintures et gravures et les étudièrent de la même manière que n'importe quel artefact archéologique (typologie, chronologie, carte de répartitions, analyse quantitative…). Au contraire, en Amérique et en Australie, où l'approche ethnographique et ethnologique est possible, les chercheurs se concentrèrent principalement sur ce dernier axe de recherche. Les dernières recherches en Europe de l'art pariétal paléolithique ont démontré l'importance d'une approche à la fois plus objective, plus exhaustive et plus contextuelle, approche qui fait encore malheureusement très largement défaut dans les travaux consacrés aux art rupestres, notamment les peintures rupestres du Bouclier canadien. Or, ces manifestations "esthétiques" sont susceptibles de nous livrer des informations non seulement sur le fonctionnement mental et spirituel des hommes qui les ont réalisées, par l'analyse des contenus graphiques mais aussi sur leur fonctionnement social grâce à la reconstitution des diverses chaînes opératoires mises en œuvre pour leur obtention. Il est donc désormais indispensable de lier les deux approches et de traiter ces documents archéologiques, tant d’un point de vue anthropologique qu’archéologique. C’est-à-dire, en analysant les peintures dans leur contexte (importance du rocher et des fissures, position du rocher sur le lac et importance de la voie de communication) et en les reliant à ce que nous connaissons de la mythologie et des pratiques culturelles des sociétés amérindiennes.
Doctorat en philosophie et lettres, Orientation histoire de l'art et archéologie
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Cayouette, Murielle, and Murielle Cayouette. "Mountains and rivers for a home : a study of the cultural and social repercussions of the return to nature in Leslie Marmon Silko's Ceremony and Thomas King's Green grass, running water." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/24908.
Full textLa présente recherche a pour but de procéder à une étude comparative du processus régénératif au cœur de deux romans phares de la fiction autochtone contemporaine, soit Ceremony de Leslie Marmon Silko et Green Grass, Running Water de Thomas King. Trois volets principaux sont examinés : le rôle de la nature en tant que référent culturel dans le processus de régénération des personnages principaux de chaque roman, l’évolution de la quête identitaire dans un environnement post-contact, ainsi que les répercussions de la réactualisation de l’identité de chaque protagoniste sur la communauté à laquelle il appartient. Cette comparaison entre les procédés employés par Silko et King permettront, en un premier temps, d’identifier des éléments de continuité entre les deux auteurs. Ces similarités incluent la centralité de la nature dans la reconnexion des protagonistes avec leur culture et leur identité ainsi que l’emphase sur la nécessité d’une identité hybride dans un environnement post-contact. De plus, la comparaison entre ces deux auteurs issus de deux contextes socio-historiques distincts permet d’isoler certains éléments du contexte propre à chaque roman afin de déterminer le rôle de la réalité autochtone sur la fiction produite à chaque époque. De façon plus spécifique, il sera entre autres question de l’influence de la montée du mouvement environnementaliste euro-américain sur la valeur symbolique du retour à la nature, ainsi que de l’importance grandissante de la classe moyenne autochtone éduquée et de la façon dont ce nouveau phénomène est exprimé dans l’œuvre de King.
This thesis compares the regenerative processes at the heart of two milestone novels of contemporary Native American literature, Leslie Marmon Silko’s Ceremony and Thomas King’s Green Grass, Running Water. My comparative study will be divided into three main sections: the role of nature as a cultural referent in the main characters’ regenerative processes in each novel, the evolution of the identity quest in a post-contact environment, and finally, the repercussions of the protagonists’ re-actualization of identity on the rest of their community. Through the comparative study of the processes employed by Silko and King with respect to one’s relationship to nature, cultural identity and social relations, I will be able to identify several similarities shared by the two novels, which demonstrate that they belong to the same Native artistic continuum. These resemblances include the central role of nature in reconnecting the protagonists to their identity, as well as a predominant emphasis on the emergence of a hybridized identity in a post-contact environment. Moreover, the comparison of two novels emerging from two different eras of Native American Literature –that of the 1970s and of the 1990s- will allow me to isolate the influence of the cultural context to which each particular work belongs. In doing so, it becomes possible to determine the influence of some transformations in Native lifestyle on the fiction produced at a given time. More specifically, the modifications I chose to focus on include the rise of Euro-American environmentalism on the symbolic value of returning to nature for Natives as well as the increasing presence of middle-class, educated Natives and their representation, mostly present in King’s fiction.
This thesis compares the regenerative processes at the heart of two milestone novels of contemporary Native American literature, Leslie Marmon Silko’s Ceremony and Thomas King’s Green Grass, Running Water. My comparative study will be divided into three main sections: the role of nature as a cultural referent in the main characters’ regenerative processes in each novel, the evolution of the identity quest in a post-contact environment, and finally, the repercussions of the protagonists’ re-actualization of identity on the rest of their community. Through the comparative study of the processes employed by Silko and King with respect to one’s relationship to nature, cultural identity and social relations, I will be able to identify several similarities shared by the two novels, which demonstrate that they belong to the same Native artistic continuum. These resemblances include the central role of nature in reconnecting the protagonists to their identity, as well as a predominant emphasis on the emergence of a hybridized identity in a post-contact environment. Moreover, the comparison of two novels emerging from two different eras of Native American Literature –that of the 1970s and of the 1990s- will allow me to isolate the influence of the cultural context to which each particular work belongs. In doing so, it becomes possible to determine the influence of some transformations in Native lifestyle on the fiction produced at a given time. More specifically, the modifications I chose to focus on include the rise of Euro-American environmentalism on the symbolic value of returning to nature for Natives as well as the increasing presence of middle-class, educated Natives and their representation, mostly present in King’s fiction.
Li, Shenwen. "Stratégies missionnaires des jésuites français en Nouvelle-France et en Chine au XVIIe siècle." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape15/PQDD_0013/NQ36297.pdf.
Full textLeblanc, Monique. "Introduction de la ceinture fléchée chez les amérindiens : création d'un symbole de statut social." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/28479.
Full textFournier, Martin. "Pierre-Esprit Radisson : coureur de bois et conteur (1652-1669)." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/22934.
Full textBergeron, Geneviève C. "Victoires au fort William-Henry (1757) : les alliés amérindiens et la guerre de Sept Ans." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/28600.
Full textDiendere, Ella. "Issues cliniques des patients autochtones victimes d'un empoisonnement dans le continuum de soins : une étude de cohorte rétrospective multicentrique." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/70361.
Full textBackground Indigenous population have a high incidence of poisoning cases across Canada, which is associated with high morbidity and mortality. A suboptimal provision of health care was suggested to explain suchburden. Unfortunately, very little information is available to describe the specific presentations of poisoning cases in Indigenous populations. There fore, our study aims to assess whether differences exist in the continuum of care of poisoned patients living in rural regions in Quebec, Canada, according to their ethnic origin. Methods We conducted a multicenter retrospective cohort study using data from the Centre antipoison du Québec (CAPQ) between 2016 and 2017. Indigenous poisoned patients were compared to non Indigenous patients living in rural areas. Our main outcome was the duration of involvement by the CAPQ in case management, reflecting the time required to complete toxicological management. Generalized linear regression was used to evaluate differences in the duration of poison center involvement between the two populations. A sex-specific analysis was also conducted. Our secondary outcome was the symptom severity at the conclusion of management. Results Among 362 identified poisoned patients (184 Indigenous and 178 non-Indigenous), we observed no differences in the duration of case management between groups (GMR adjusted = 1.09; [95% CI 0.87;1.38]). Moreover, the sex-specific analysis showed that the association was not significant in either male or female groups. High proportion of patients, in both Indigenous and non-Indigenous groups,showing mild to moderate symptoms at follow-up (78%). One death was registered in each group. The CAPQ received very few calls from the non-conventioned First Nations during the study period. Interpretation We did not observe any difference on the duration in case management of cases between patients living in rural areas. Perceptions of suboptimal care provided to rural Indigenous population are likelyto be related to geographical remoteness rather than ethnicity.
Barbier, Nicolas. "Conflits de gestion du territoire, de l'environnement et des ressources naturelles dans la région des Nez Percé (Idaho, Oregon, Washington) : étude du territoire indien dans le contexte autochtone aux Etats-Unis depuis le début de la conquête de l'Ouest." Thesis, Dijon, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012DIJOL013.
Full textIn 1855, the United States of America signed a treaty with the Nez Perce Tribe by which the tribe kept 7.5 millions acres out of a 13.5 million acre aboriginal homeland. In 1863, the United States broke the 1855 Treaty and decreased tenfold the size of the Nez Perce Reservation. Yet, several prominent Nez Perce leaders whose lands were ceded under the 1863 Treaty did not sign it. In 1877, the United States Army forced the nontreaty Nez Perce to submit to the territorial ambitions of the United States after killing nontreaty Nez Perce women and children. Then, the federal government used coertion against the Nez Perce and exploited the poverty of many of them in order to get the number of signatures required to sanction the 1893 Agreement. The latter made the implementation of the Dawes Act possible on the Nez Perce Reservation and opened it up to non-Indian settlers. From 1854 to 1895, the Nez Perce people lost more than 98 percent of their aboriginal homeland. Most people living on the Nez Perce Reservation today are non-Indians. Current conflicts between Nez Perce and non-Indians over the management of land, the environment and natural resources all stem from the violence, and methods of coercion and exploitation used by the United States against these American Indians. There are conflicts between the tribe and non-Indian governmental entities, groups and individuals. However, a part of the local non-Indian population supports the tribe or at least some of their tribal claims. I study conflicts related to various issues: Nez Perce struggles to keep their indigenous identity; tribal sovereignty over the 1863 Reservation; private land ownership; the inequitable sharing of powers in the management of wolves, salmon and fires; water rights; degradation, protection and restoration of aquatic ecosystems and riparian areas; the potential return of public lands located in the 1855 Treaty Area to the tribe; disagreements about the meaning of sustainable development and concomitant difficulties of launching significant regional projects that can be beneficial at the economic, environmental and social levels. I address these issues in the indigenous context of America since the conquest of the American West by comparing the case of the Nez Perce with the situations of other American Indian nations, and by anchoring it in a national and sometimes international context
Tritsch, Isabelle. "Dynamiques territoriales et revendications identitaires des amérindiens Wayapi et Teko de la commune de Camopi (Guyane française)." Thesis, Antilles-Guyane, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013AGUY0608/document.
Full textIndigenous territories comprise extensive areas of tropical forest and hold significant social and conservation value. Today, they are subject to various constraints and opportunities and face many territorial transformations. These transformations are complex and multifaceted. They involve the adoption of new production and consumption modes, the medications of forms of social organization and identity and territorial claims. However, the links between these on-going processes are still poorly understood, and make difficult to appreciate the adaptation dynamics of indigenous common natural resources management. This thesis is particularly concerned with the territorial dynamics of the wayapi and teko indigenous people of the municipality of Camopi in French Guyana. It integrates methods that include land use analysis using remotely sensed data, socio-economic and agricultural systems analysis at the household scale, and empirical analysis on the influence of identity claims, kinship networks, and conservation policies. It shows that despite the residential settlement around local towns, the growth of cash income from wage labour and welfare, associated with strong kinship networks, allows the revival of mobility and the diversification of indigenous territorialities. Environment policies implemented on the territory involve processes of identity and territorial claims and motivate the construction of a collective project of endogenous local development. A comparative approach with the situation of the Wayapi people living in Brazil, and evolving in a completely different institutional, socio-economic and environmental context shows similar dynamics. Indigenous people of these two sites adopt “multi-local” land use systems, allowing them to extend their territory occupation and taking part of a broader dynamic of territorial and identity affirmation. They articulate forest and local town environments. This multi-local land use sytem can be interpreted as a new form of environmental governance, which overcomes the difficulties access to natural resources around local towns and ensure their sovereignty over the territory
Brunelle, Patrick. "Un cas de colonialisme canadien : les Hurons de Lorette entre la fin du XIXe siècle et le début du XXe siècle." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/mq33589.pdf.
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