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1
Favrholdt, Kenneth C. "Indigenous Peoples Atlas of Canada." Cartographica: The International Journal for Geographic Information and Geovisualization 54, no. 4 (December 2019): 297–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/cart.54.4.2018-0026.
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Scott, Tracie Lea. "Indigenous peoples and Canada: Indigenous resurgence, decolonisation, and Indigenous academics." British Journal of Canadian Studies 35, no. 2 (September 2023): 113–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.3828/bjcs.2023.7.
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Sebar, Hind, and Rohaidah Nordin. "Rights of the Indigenous Peoples to Self-Government: A Comparative Analysis between New Zealand and Canada." Jurnal Dinamika Hukum 21, no. 1 (December 1, 2021): 57. http://dx.doi.org/10.20884/1.jdh.2021.21.1.2878.
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Canada and New Zealand are the western liberal democracies settled by a predominantly English-speaking majority. Their legal and constitutional system depends on English common law. Both Canada and New Zealand have a high percentage of indigenous peoples irrespective of the 4% difference in Canada and 15% in New Zealand. Both states rank high in global comparisons of human development. There exist many differences in the rights of self-government of indigenous peoples in both Canada and New Zealand. These distinctions in the application of the self- government right in local and regional level greatly impacts how indigenous peoples put self- government into practice and brings forth significant questions about which version of these applications best serves the interests of indigenous peoples. This is a comparative study that expounds the differences between constitutions of both countries together with the distinctions in the rights of self-government of indigenous peoples. By using the legal combative method to compare constitutions of Canada and New Zealand and their policies regarding rights of self-government of indigenous peoples, this study concludes that with respect to clear constitutional and legislative recognition of the right of self -government Canada is more advanced. Additionally, this study points out significant institutional work differences between indigenous peoples’ self-government rights in both countries. Keywords- Canada; Indigenous peoples; indigenous rights; Native; New Zealand; Self-government.
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Havemann (Hrsg.), Paul. "Indigenous Peoples´ Rights in Australia, Canada." Verfassung in Recht und Übersee 32, no. 4 (1999): 574–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.5771/0506-7286-1999-4-574.
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Menezes, Dwayne Ryan. "Canada, Indigenous Peoples and Northern Borders." Round Table 106, no. 5 (September 3, 2017): 579–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00358533.2017.1377905.
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Weeks, Nancy C. "Autonomy of Indigenous Peoples in Canada." Nordic Journal of International Law 54, no. 1-2 (1985): 17–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/187529385x00048.
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Wattez, Paul. "Indigenous Peoples and heritage in Canada." Revue d’études autochtones 52, no. 3 (2022): 63. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1110699ar.
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Dabin, Simon, Jean François Daoust, and Martin Papillon. "Indigenous Peoples and Affinity Voting in Canada." Canadian Journal of Political Science 52, no. 1 (September 12, 2018): 39–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0008423918000574.
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AbstractStudies interested in Indigenous voting in Canada tend to focus on socio-economic, cultural and political factors that explain their lower levels of electoral participation. While highly relevant given Canada's ongoing reality as a settler-colonial state, these studies are of limited help in making sense of recent increases in electoral engagement in Indigenous communities across the country. Using data from four elections between 2006 and 2015, this study focuses instead on why some Indigenous individuals vote and how they vote. Our analysis suggests that one of many possible reasons for the recent surge in Indigenous turnout has to do with the candidates presenting themselves for elections. Higher voter turnout in Indigenous communities corresponds with a higher proportion of Indigenous candidates. This trend is consistent with the literature on affinity voting. We also find that political parties who present an Indigenous candidate receive more votes in constituencies with a high proportion of Indigenous voters.
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Lee, Deborah. "Research and Indigenous Librarianship in Canada." Canadian Journal of Academic Librarianship 5 (May 31, 2019): 1–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.33137/cjal-rcbu.v5.29922.
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This thought piece provides helpful information about ethical research practices related to research involving Indigenous peoples so that academic librarians (both Indigenous and non-Indigenous) are better informed about the complex issues that exist and arise in such endeavours. Woven throughout the paper are guidance and strategies to avoid causing harm when doing research with Indigenous peoples and communities, such as misrepresenting Indigenous peoples, cultures, and epistemologies. A brief account of the legacy of a long history of unethical research practices conducted by Western researchers who extracted Indigenous knowledge speaks to why Indigenous peoples do not trust academic research projects. Researchers need to question their own motives when they consider conducting research with Indigenous peoples and to respect that we want to be involved in our own solutions and in research that utilizes Indigenous values, with the goal that “nothing [is done] about us without us.” Key to building relationships and finding success in the research undertaken are an in-depth understanding of Indigenous protocols, values, and ways of knowing, as well as evidence of the researcher making a long-term commitment to the research and the community. Further, such an understanding provides an access point for librarians to contribute to the decolonization of library services while supporting Indigenous researchers.
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Hillier, Sean, and Hamza Al-Shammaa. "Indigenous Peoples Experiences with Aging." Canadian Journal of Disability Studies 9, no. 4 (November 10, 2020): 146–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.15353/cjds.v9i4.674.
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Indigenous Peoples in Canada are a non-homogenous group consisting of First Nations, Metis, and Inuit Peoples representing the original settlers of a given land or a geographical area (Parrott, 2018). Based on geographical location, there are unique names used to describe a given subset or group of Indigenous Peoples around the world. Despite their proximity, they originate from different nations, tribes, and communities and remain distinct in their spoken language, history, and way of life. Although there has been a notable growth in the literature on Indigenous Peoples, relatively little is published about their understanding of healthy aging. Similarly, there is a dearth of literature about the specific needs and wishes of Indigenous Peoples in Canada to facilitate a healthy aging process.
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Hussain, Ahmed. "Key Challenges for Indigenous Peoples of Canada in terms of Oral Health Provision and Utilization: A Scoping Review." International Journal of Dentistry 2022 (September 27, 2022): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/7511213.
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Background. The oral health of Indigenous peoples in Canada is lacking compared with their non-Indigenous counterparts. This scoping assessment aimed to investigate the obstacles of providing and using oral healthcare among Indigenous peoples in Canada. Methods. The scoping review took place between December 15, 2021 and January 10, 2022. Five key databases were examined: PubMed, Scopus, ISI Web of Science, Embase, and PROQUEST. The data were analyzed using NVIVO software to facilitate understanding of the major themes, subthemes, and codes provided. Results. Seven major themes and eighteen subthemes were identified as impacting the oral health provision and utilization of Indigenous peoples in Canada. The major themes are individual characteristics, affordability, availability, accessibility, accommodation, acceptability, and public or government policy. Thus, to improve the oral health of the Indigenous peoples in Canada, an integrated approach is required to address these obstacles. Conclusions. To address the oral health disparities among Indigenous peoples in Canada, policymakers should adopt an integrated approach.
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Reading, Jeffrey, Charlotte Loppie, and John O’Neil. "Indigenous health systems governance." International Journal of Health Governance 21, no. 4 (December 5, 2016): 222–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijhg-08-2016-0044.
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Purpose Almost 20 years after the Royal Commission on Aboriginal Peoples, indigenous peoples living in Canada continue to pursue their legitimate aspirations for greater control over factors affecting their lives. The purpose of this paper is to summarize two major policies (the Royal Commission on Aboriginal Peoples and the Truth and Reconciliation Commission (TRC)) that aimed to create equity for indigenous peoples’. Design/methodology/approach Commentary and rapid communication to inform and clarify evolving high-priority policy and governance issues related to indigenous peoples’ of Canada. Findings A need exists to create a platform for implementing the TRC actions to protect and promote education, language and culture, justice, youth programming, and professional training and development. Research limitations/implications Innovative intervention research needs to develop solutions to multi-generational disparities in health and well-being for indigenous peoples of Canada and globally. Practical implications Failure to implement longstanding changes to improve indigenous health and well-being will result if a growing burden of premature morbidity and mortality among indigenous population of Peoples’ of Canada, the fastest growing population group with the most challenging health status in Canada. Social implications Indigenous peoples continue to experience profound health vulnerability leading to high health risks, growing health disparities and unequal access to health care services. Originality/value Connecting policy over two decades, for implementation to proceed, sharing of knowledge is essential to formulate innovative approaches, to engage research and build capacity to implement policy actions related to closing educational gaps, to developing culturally appropriate curricula acknowledging and protecting Aboriginal languages, as well as skills-based training in intercultural competency, conflict resolution and respect for human dignity and human rights equality in settings of anti-racism and free of all forms of prejudice and discrimination.
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Rahalus, Margareta, Josina Augustina Yvonne Wattimena, and Irma Halimah Hanafi. "Perlakuan Terhadap Anak-Anak Indigenous People Dan Tanggung Jawab Negara." TATOHI: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum 2, no. 9 (November 30, 2022): 896. http://dx.doi.org/10.47268/tatohi.v2i9.1429.
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Introduction: Indigenous peoples continue to face threats to their sovereignty, the sovereignty that is meant is centered on how the state positions indigenous peoples into national policies, by imposing values on indigenous peoples.Purposes of the Research: To examine and find out whether the treatment of Indigenous People's children in Canada violates the provisions of International Law and to find out how the state's responsibility for the human rights of Indigenous People's children is. Methods of the Research: This research is a normative juridical law research, with primary and secondary legal materials as a source of law by using the nature of prescriptive research that aims to obtain suggestions on what to do.Results of the Research: The results of the study show that the treatment of children of indigenous people in Canada violates the provisions of international law, where indigenous children receive treatment from the state in the form of violence or coercion which is contrary to human rights and fundamental freedoms regulated in the ILO (International Labor Organization) Conventions. UNDRIP Declaration (United Nation Declaration of Rights on the Indigenous Peoples), United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child, then on the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights) and also to the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights.
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Redsky, Arlana M., Latiya Northwest, Ashlyn Jensen-Fisk, Tanelle Smith, Katie Neimeyer, Avery Newman-Simmons, Chyloe Healy, et al. "SING 2019 Talking Circle: Indigenous Perspectives on Chronic Wasting Disease Research and Management in North America." Wicazo Sa Review 36, no. 2 (September 2021): 56–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/wic.2021.a919170.
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Abstract: The Summer Internship for Indigenous Peoples in Genomics Canada (SING Canada) is an annual, weeklong training program organized by the Indigenous Science, Technology, and Society program in the Faculty of Native Studies at the University of Alberta. During the 2019 annual program, Indigenous students, nation members, elders, and early career Indigenous scientists were invited to participate in an intensive training program on chronic wasting disease (CWD) of cervids (deer, moose, elk, and caribou). At the closing of SING Canada 2019, participants collaborated in a talking circle to capture their impressions on the directions of CWD management, research, and engagement of Indigenous peoples in these processes. The results of this discussion indicated that research on CWD lacks Indigenous input, resulting in adverse outcomes for Indigenous people. These findings point to a greater need for Indigenous engagement and consultation on CWD and inclusion of the more holistic Indigenous perspectives that place value and emphasis on the interconnection between living and nonliving beings. By engaging more critical Indigenous perspectives, future directions of CWD research and management can begin to identify and meaningfully address Indigenous peoples' needs.
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Ntalakosta, Anastasia-Maria. "Making Indigenous Peoples’ Rights in Canada Visible." HAPSc Policy Briefs Series 2, no. 2 (December 29, 2021): 14. http://dx.doi.org/10.12681/hapscpbs.29487.
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Although the United Nations have established mechanisms to exercise political authority and influence states’ policies and the global civil society puts pressure on their actions, indigenous peoples continue to face discrimination and violations of their rights. Canada constitutes a great example of a democratic country that is supposed to respect and protect human rights but violates the aboriginal rights extensively. The massive energy projects, Coastal GasLink pipeline, Trans Mountain pipeline and Site C dam, being developed in North and West Canada, do not respect the traditional lands and resources of the indigenous populations that live in the region and have been strongly condemned by the First Nations, the actors of the global civil society and the UN. Nonetheless, the Canadian government continues to fully support their construction. This paper aims to analyse the violations conducted against indigenous populations’ lands by the Canadian government and the reaction of the UN and global civil society, using a series of qualitative and quantitative data based on papers, analyses and reports of Institutes, Study Centers and Organizations.
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Bird, John. "Indigenous Peoples within Canada: A Concise History." Canadian Historical Review 100, no. 4 (November 2019): 663–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/chr.100.4.br06.
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Qechai, Saber. "Linguistic Rights of Indigenous Peoples in Canada." Pro&Contra 5, no. 2 (2022): 57–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.33033/pc.2021.2.57.
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Karelina, Nataliya Aleksandrovna. "Indigenous peoples of Canada: key indicators of the current stage of socioeconomic development." Человек и культура, no. 4 (April 2021): 182–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.25136/2409-8744.2021.4.36287.
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The subject of this research is the socioeconomic situation of the indigenous peoples of Canada at the present stage of their development. Emphasis is placed on the analysis of such key socioeconomic indicators as life expectancy of the representatives of indigenous population, employment and unemployment rate, average annual income, level of secondary and higher education, command of native language, etc. An attempt is made to determine the major factors of socioeconomic development, measures of state support, as well as the existing problems and future prospects. The author notes correlation between the modernization of education of indigenous peoples and preservation of their languages and cultural traditions. Since the early 2000s, the socioeconomic situation of indigenous peoples of Canada has somewhat improved, considering high rate of population growth, as well as slight minimization of the gap with nonindigenous Canadians such key indicators as life expectancy, employment rate, level of education, and average annual income. First and foremost, it pertains to the indigenous peoples outside Indian reservations and Mestizo. The situation with indigenous peoples in Indian reservations and the Inuit remains complicated. Majority of the problems that slow down the pace of socioeconomic development are associated namely with these groups of indigenous peoples. In economic terms, there is a noticeable increase of self-employment among the indigenous population, the development of aboriginal tourism. Positive changes are associated with popularization of the indigenous culture, which ultimately leads to the fact that more and more of the indigenous people in the country seek to legitimize their descent. Considering a significant share of young representatives of indigenous population, the government of Canada takes measures on the development of new programs in the sphere of education and employment, which are aimed not only at improving the quality of life of the indigenous peoples, but also at preserving their ethnocultural heritage.
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Baines, Stephen G. "La etnología indígena en Canadá vista desde Brasil." Boletín de Antropología 20, no. 37 (September 9, 2010): 81–117. http://dx.doi.org/10.17533/udea.boan.6890.
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Resumen. Este trabajo, basado en dos temporadas de investigación en Canadá (en 1995 y 2002), debe entenderse como el ejercicio de entender la etnología indígena que se hace en Canadá a través del prisma de la etnología que se hace en Brasil. Se inspira en la propuesta del profesor Roberto Cardoso de Oliveira de estudiar los estilos de las antropologías periféricas, esto es, aquellas antropologías de los países al margen de los centros metropolitanos de la disciplina —EE. UU., Inglaterra y Francia—, donde la antropología, en tanto disciplina científica y académica, surgió y se consolidó. El artículo se concentra en la etnología indígena a partir de una comparación, apoyada ésta en el hecho de que tanto en Canadá como en Brasil fueron estudiados pueblos indígenas sobre cuyos territorios se expandió el estado nacional. Abstract. This article, based on two research surveys carried out in Canada (in 1995 and in 2002), was written within the theme on ethnology with indigenous peoples done in Canada examined through the prism of ethnology with indigenous peoples done in Brazil. It was inspired on the proposal of Roberto Cardoso de Oliveira to study the styles of peripheral anthropologies, that is to say, those anthropologies situated in countries which are in the periphery of the metropolitan centres of the disciplne —the USA, England, and France— where Anthropology originally emerged and was consolidated as a scientific discipline. The article focuses ethnology with indigenous peoples from a comparison made from the fact that in Canada, as in Brazil, ethnology with indigenous peoples studies peoples over whose lands the national state has expanded.
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Jia, Wei. "Indigenous Language Revitalization and Preservation in Canada: Strategies and Innovations." International Journal of Languages, Literature and Linguistics 10, no. 1 (2024): 97–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.18178/ijlll.2024.10.1.493.
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Indigenous languages are significant fundamentals in Canadian culture and society that carry Indigenous peoples’ stories, experiences, spirits, and traditions that represent Indigenous peoples’ cultural identities. However, most of the Indigenous languages are endangered and threatened, the historical factors that have contributed to the endangerment of Indigenous languages, especially the residential school system and language assimilation policies in Canada. This paper aims to explore strategies and innovations for Indigenous Language Revitalization (ILR) and preservation in the Canadian context. In this paper, I begin to investigate the status of Indigenous languages in the past and then discuss the current implications and ILR initiatives, including government legislation and programs in Canada. Through reviewing the strategies for ILR that are implemented around the world, I emphasize the need for new approaches and strategies for further ILR and preservation, such as the use of digital technologies and internet platforms, to make resources more accessible for language revitalization and tools for language revitalization in Canada.
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Maddox, Raglan, Andrew Waa, Kelley Lee, Patricia Nez Henderson, Genevieve Blais, Jeff Reading, and Raymond Lovett. "Commercial tobacco and indigenous peoples: a stock take on Framework Convention on Tobacco Control progress." Tobacco Control 28, no. 5 (August 3, 2018): 574–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2018-054508.
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BackgroundThe health status and needs of indigenous populations of Australia, Canada and New Zealand are often compared because of the shared experience of colonisation. One enduring impact has been a disproportionately high rate of commercial tobacco use compared with non-indigenous populations. All three countries have ratified the WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (FCTC), which acknowledges the harm caused to indigenous peoples by tobacco.Aim and objectivesWe evaluated and compared reporting on FCTC progress related to indigenous peoples by Australia, Canada and New Zealand as States Parties. The critiqued data included disparities in smoking prevalence between indigenous and non-indigenous peoples; extent of indigenous participation in tobacco control development, implementation and evaluation; and what indigenous commercial tobacco reduction interventions were delivered and evaluated.Data sourcesWe searched FCTC: (1) Global Progress Reports for information regarding indigenous peoples in Australia, Canada and New Zealand; and (2) country-specific reports from Australia, Canada and New Zealand between 2007 and 2016.Study selectionTwo of the authors independently reviewed the FCTC Global and respective Country Reports, identifying where indigenous search terms appeared.Data extractionAll data associated with the identified search terms were extracted, and content analysis was applied.ResultsIt is difficult to determine if or what progress has been made to reduce commercial tobacco use by the three States Parties as part of their commitments under FCTC reporting systems. There is some evidence that progress is being made towards reducing indigenous commercial tobacco use, including the implementation of indigenous-focused initiatives. However, there are significant gaps and inconsistencies in reporting. Strengthening FCTC reporting instruments to include standardised indigenous-specific data will help to realise the FCTC Guiding Principles by holding States Parties to account and building momentum for reducing the high prevalence of commercial tobacco use among indigenous peoples.
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Mudde, Laura. "Structural Genocide and Institutionalized Racism in Canada: The Department of Indian Affairs and Framing of Indigenous Peoples." Alberta Academic Review 1, no. 1 (May 28, 2018): 15–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.29173/aar10.
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This review problematizes the health and socio-economic disparity between Indigenous and non-Indigenous communities, which I argue is due to the role of the Canadian government. Specifically, I analyse the continuous process of Indigenous administrative subjugation under Canadian rule to uncover the intrinsic racial predilections of Canadian government policy toward First Nations peoples in Canada’s Prairie West provinces through the application of diagnostic frame analysis as a multidisciplinary research method to analyse how people understand situations and activities. My research results reveal the racialized marginalization of First Nation peoples through the administrative regimes in Canada as a continuous contemporary process established in the late nineteenth and twentieth century. In exposing the structural discrimination of First Nations peoples, my research introduces the reader to the concept of political master narratives, or ‘imaginaries’. These imaginaries foster the health and socio-economic disparities between Indigenous and non-Indigenous groups in Canadian society. The critical analysis of these historically structural government instituted imaginaries and the indirect, exponentially higher chances of tuberculosis and related diseases and deaths among Indigenous peoples’ challenge conclusions of the Truth and Reconciliation Commission (TRC) on cultural genocide. This study proposes structural genocide as a more accurate and inclusive term for the continuous institutional marginalization of not only Indigenous peoples as seen in this case study of the Department of Indian Affairs (DIA) but for all Indigenous peoples in Canada.
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Field, Shannon N., Rosalin M. Miles, and Darren E. R. Warburton. "Linking Heart Health and Mental Wellbeing: Centering Indigenous Perspectives from across Canada." Journal of Clinical Medicine 11, no. 21 (November 1, 2022): 6485. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm11216485.
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Indigenous peoples have thrived since time immemorial across North America; however, over the past three to four generations there has been a marked increase in health disparities amongst Indigenous peoples versus the general population. Heart disease and mental health issues have been well documented and appear to be interrelated within Indigenous peoples across Canada. However, Western medicine has yet to clearly identify the reasons for the increased prevalence of heart disease and mental health issues and their relationship. In this narrative review, we discuss how Indigenous perspectives of health and wholistic wellness may provide greater insight into the connection between heart disease and mental wellbeing within Indigenous peoples and communities across Canada. We argue that colonization (and its institutions, such as the Indian Residential School system) and a failure to include or acknowledge traditional Indigenous health and wellness practices and beliefs within Western medicine have accelerated these health disparities within Indigenous peoples. We summarize some of the many Indigenous cultural perspectives and wholistic approaches to heart health and mental wellbeing. Lastly, we provide recommendations that support and wholistic perspective and Indigenous peoples on their journey of heart health and mental wellbeing.
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Ravna, Øyvind, and Nigel Bankes. "Recognition of Indigenous Land Rights in Norway and Canada." International Journal on Minority and Group Rights 24, no. 1 (February 28, 2017): 70–117. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15718115-02401001.
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Many states offer constitutional protection to the traditional lands of indigenous peoples. International treaties protecting ethnic minorities and indigenous peoples also require protection of the rights of indigenous communities with respect to traditional territories. States have followed different routes in identifying the ownership and resource rights of indigenous communities. In Norway, the Courts have traditionally applied the rules on prescription and immemorial usage, developed through centuries in the farming societies of Scandinavia. The legislature has chosen to follow the same approach in the Finnmark area of Norway under the terms of the Finnmark Act (2005). By contrast, in Canada, a settled colony with an English common law tradition, the Courts have developed a sui generis approach to the recognition of Aboriginal title. This article examines the rules for identifying and legally recognising the traditional lands of indigenous people in Norway and Canada with a view to reflecting on similarities and differences.
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Gall, Alana, Kate Anderson, Kirsten Howard, Abbey Diaz, Alexandra King, Esther Willing, Michele Connolly, Daniel Lindsay, and Gail Garvey. "Wellbeing of Indigenous Peoples in Canada, Aotearoa (New Zealand) and the United States: A Systematic Review." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 11 (May 28, 2021): 5832. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18115832.
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Despite the health improvements afforded to non-Indigenous peoples in Canada, Aotearoa (New Zealand) and the United States, the Indigenous peoples in these countries continue to endure disproportionately high rates of mortality and morbidity. Indigenous peoples’ concepts and understanding of health and wellbeing are holistic; however, due to their diverse social, political, cultural, environmental and economic contexts within and across countries, wellbeing is not experienced uniformly across all Indigenous populations. We aim to identify aspects of wellbeing important to the Indigenous people in Canada, Aotearoa and the United States. We searched CINAHL, Embase, PsycINFO and PubMed databases for papers that included key Indigenous and wellbeing search terms from database inception to April 2020. Papers that included a focus on Indigenous adults residing in Canada, Aotearoa and the United States, and that included empirical qualitative data that described at least one aspect of wellbeing were eligible. Data were analysed using the stages of thematic development recommended by Thomas and Harden for thematic synthesis of qualitative research. Our search resulted in 2669 papers being screened for eligibility. Following full-text screening, 100 papers were deemed eligible for inclusion (Aotearoa (New Zealand) n = 16, Canada n = 43, United States n = 41). Themes varied across countries; however, identity, connection, balance and self-determination were common aspects of wellbeing. Having this broader understanding of wellbeing across these cultures can inform decisions made about public health actions and resources.
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Stewart, Suzanne, and Angela Mashford-Pringle. "Moving and Enhancing System Change." International Journal of Indigenous Health 14, no. 1 (May 27, 2019): 3–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.32799/ijih.v14i1.32726.
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All Indigenous peoples across the globe have experienced multiple historical colonial aggression and assaults. In Canada and the USA for example, education was used as a tool of oppression for Indigenous peoples through residential school. Child welfare, health and health care, and forced land relocation are also sites of intensive and invasive harms. Health services continue to be a site of systemic and personal oppression for Indigenous peoples across Canada and the world (Reading 2013). For many years, Indigenous peoples have faced discrimination and racism when accessing biomedical health care. Implementation of colonization in Canada, Australia, New Zealand, and elsewhere, have been well documented to adversely influence aspects of health in many Indigenous communities worldwide and linked to high rates of mental health, education, and employment challenges (see Loppie & Wein, 2009; Mowbray, 2007; Paradies, Harris, & Anderson, 2008); these traumas are rooted attempts in cultural extermination and deep-set pains in regard to identity and well-being (Stout & Downey, 2006; Thurston & Mashford-Pringle, 2015).
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Hunter, Amelia. "Shortcomings of Bibliographic Description in Service of Indigenous Peoples in Canada." Emerging Library & Information Perspectives 4, no. 1 (July 2, 2021): 88–116. http://dx.doi.org/10.5206/elip.v4i1.13439.
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The marginalization of Indigenous Peoples in library catalogues and cataloguing standards is well documented. This article looks beyond Library of Congress Classification to analyze how the marginalization of Indigenous Peoples manifests in Machine Readable Cataloguing (MARC) and online public access catalogs (OPACs) to the detriment of Indigenous users. The rules that govern bibliographic description either obscure the presence of materials in a collection that represent Indigenous worldviews, or do not have the capacity to accurately record demographic terms related to Indigenous Peoples. This leads to inaccurate access points and culturally inappropriate metadata. Examples of projects and institutions innovating in this domain are examined. The harms cataloguers enact through adherence to bibliographic standards deserve critical and ethical analysis. These analyses and innovative projects are first steps towards better serving Indigenous users and reconciliation in libraries in Canada.
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Stacey, Richard. "The Dilemma of Indigenous Self-Government in Canada: Indigenous Rights and Canadian Federalism." Federal Law Review 46, no. 4 (December 2018): 669–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0067205x1804600411.
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Canada's constitutional distribution of authority between the provinces and federal government leaves no room for Indigenous self-government, but there are increasingly vocal calls for change. Whether Indigenous peoples are acknowledged as one of Canada's founding nations alongside its English and French settlers, or are recognized as distinctive peoples within its multicultural society, these calls affirm Indigenous peoples as sovereign nations deserving of at least some of the powers that the provinces have. The Constitution Act 1982 provides a different mechanism of legal protection for Indigenous peoples, recognizing and affirming already existing Indigenous rights. Canada's Indigenous rights jurisprudence, however, pulls against the sovereignty that underlies federalism. The courts have understood Indigenous rights such that accessing their protections denies to Indigenous peoples the autonomy to define themselves as member nations of Canada's multicultural society. As a normative point, this paper argues that we should embrace constitutional Indigenous rights as a vehicle for Indigenous sovereignty, because it brings federalism and Indigenous rights together as a theoretically coherent foundation for Indigenous self-government in Canada. As a descriptive point, the paper argues that the jurisprudence itself already contains the resources to support a sovereignty-affirming reading of the Constitution's Indigenous rights provisions.
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Bhatia, Amar. "Re-peopling in a settler-colonial context: the intersection of Indigenous laws of adoption with Canadian immigration law." AlterNative: An International Journal of Indigenous Peoples 14, no. 4 (November 11, 2018): 343–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1177180118809274.
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This article examines the intersection of Indigenous and Canadian ways of making and maintaining relations through the specific examples of adoption and immigration. Canada and all Indigenous societies assert the authority to re-people themselves. Unlike Canada, Indigenous peoples must do so in the face of ongoing settler colonialism. I argue that Indigenous peoples and nations have authority to regulate these matters under Indigenous laws and systems of treaty relations. However, Canadian laws and policies have served to obscure this authority. I argue that non-metaphorical decolonization requires the continued exercise of Indigenous authority over “peopling” powers. These powers necessarily include authority over adoption at societal, familial, and individual levels via, respectively, ongoing treaty relations and customary membership. Adoption has formed part of this resistance but remains limited by Canadian sovereignty and the state’s assertions of control over borders and immigration.
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Hyett, Sarah, Stacey Marjerrison, and Chelsea Gabel. "Improving health research among Indigenous Peoples in Canada." Canadian Medical Association Journal 190, no. 20 (May 21, 2018): E616—E621. http://dx.doi.org/10.1503/cmaj.171538.
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Erb, Tara, and Krista Stelkia. "Best Practices to Support the Self-Determination of Indigenous Communities, Collectives, and Organizations in Health Research through a Provincial Health Research Network Environment in British Columbia, Canada." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 20, no. 15 (August 4, 2023): 6523. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20156523.
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In Canada, the health research funding landscape limits the self-determination of Indigenous peoples in multiple ways, including institutional eligibility, priority setting, and institutional structures that deprioritize Indigenous knowledges. However, Indigenous-led research networks represent a promising approach to transforming the funding landscape to better support the self-determination of Indigenous peoples in health research. The British Columbia Network Environment for Indigenous Health Research (BC NEIHR) is one of nine Indigenous-led networks across Canada that supports research leadership among Indigenous (First Nations, Métis, and Inuit) communities, collectives, and organizations (ICCOs). In this paper, we share three best practices to support the self-determination of ICCOs in health research based on three years of operating the BC NEIHR: (1) creating capacity-bridging initiatives to overcome funding barriers; (2) building relational research relationships with ICCOs (“people on the ground”); and (3) establishing a network of partnerships and collaborations to support ICCO self-determination. Supporting the self-determination of ICCOs and enabling them to lead their own health research is a critical pathway toward transforming the way Indigenous health research is funded and conducted in Canada.
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Tsuji, Stephen R. J. "Canada’s Impact Assessment Act, 2019: Indigenous Peoples, Cultural Sustainability, and Environmental Justice." Sustainability 14, no. 6 (March 16, 2022): 3501. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14063501.
Full textAbstract:
It is well documented that the colonizers of Canada have long coveted the ancestral homelands of the Canadian Indigenous peoples for settlement and development. With this end goal in mind, it is not surprising that there exists an extensive history of assimilative efforts by the colonizers with respect to the Indigenous peoples of Canada—for example, legal assimilation through enfranchisement (voluntary and involuntary) and blood quantum requirements, and cultural assimilation through residential schools and the “sixties scoop”. Another form of assimilation is environmental assimilation, that is, colonial development on Indigenous homelands to the extent whereby Indigenous cultural activities can no longer be supported in the development-transformed environment. Herein, I examine Bill C-69, a Government of Canada omnibus bill, through an environmental justice lens in the context of development across Canada on Indigenous homelands and impacts on Indigenous cultural sustainability. Specifically, Part 1 (i.e., the Impact Assessment Act, 2019) and Part 3 (i.e., the Canadian Navigable Waters Act, 2019) of Bill C-69 pose significant threats to Indigenous cultural sustainability. Through an environmental justice lens, procedural aspects include the use of the project list and scheduled waterways, the discretionary decision-making powers of the Government of Canada representatives, and the lack of acknowledgement of procedural elements of the environmental assessment processes that are constitutionally protected in comprehensive land claims. While, distributive justice aspects consist of unsustainable development from an Indigenous perspective, whereby environmental costs and benefits have been (and will be) distributed inequitably. Bill C-69 is a flawed statute that reinforces the colonial policy of assimilation.
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Booth, Annie L. "Northern Environmental Justice: A Case Study of Place, Indigenous Peoples, and Industrial Development in Northeastern British Columbia, Canada." Case Studies in the Environment 1, no. 1 (2017): 1–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/cse.2017.sc.454154.
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This case study introduces the concepts of place-based and Indigenous environmental justice as well as the theory of Indigenous sovereignty, as articulated within a Canadian context and considers their application with respect to the Indigenous peoples with traditional territories within the borders of Canada. The specific legal and industrial contexts affecting Indigenous peoples in Canada are briefly examined to frame two cases of environmental justice issues in the northeastern corner of British Columbia. The two cases are oil and gas development and the proposed development of a new dam which will represent the largest industrial development in Canada in the last several decades. The perspectives of British Columbia Treaty 8 Indigenous Nations on the impacts of these industrial developments are presented.
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Salaheen, Z., A. Moghaddamjou, and MG Fehlings. "P.188 Neurotrauma in Indigenous populations of Canada: challenges and future directions: A Scoping Review." Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences / Journal Canadien des Sciences Neurologiques 48, s3 (November 2021): S74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cjn.2021.464.
Full textAbstract:
Background: Neurotrauma accounts for over 24 000 hospitalizations annually in Canada. Among those affected, Indigenous peoples are disproportionately impacted. The goal of this scoping review is to identify factors underlying these disparities. Methods: A scoping review was conducted to collect papers pertaining to neurotrauma in Indigenous populations of Canada. Using MEDLINE, 676 articles were screened with MeSH terms including ‘Indigenous’, ‘spinal cord injuries’, ‘brain injuries, traumatic’ and ‘Canada’ as of April 2021. Results: Studies report over twice the incidence of traumatic brain injury and traumatic spinal cord injury in Indigenous populations compared to non-Indigenous populations. The burden of neurotrauma is attributable to infrastructure disparities in rural communities and reserves, elevated rates of substance use and violence, and inequities in treatment and rehabilitation following injury. These issues are deeply rooted in the trauma endured by Indigenous peoples through the course of Canadian history, owing to government policies that severely impacted their socioeconomic conditions, culture, and access to healthcare services. Conclusions: Systems-level interventions guided by Indigenous community members will help to address the disparities that Indigenous peoples face in the care and rehabilitation of neurotrauma. This study will inform further research of culturally appropriate approaches to reduce neurotrauma burden among Indigenous peoples.
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Manitowabi, Joshua. "Wii Niiganabying (Looking Ahead):." Turtle Island Journal of Indigenous Health 1, no. 1 (October 12, 2020): 59–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.33137/tijih.v1i1.34017.
Full textAbstract:
Fifty years ago, Indigenous elders and leaders drafted their response to the Statement of the Government of Canada on Indian Policy (White Paper of 1969). Their formal rebuttal, Citizens Plus (Red Paper), published in 1970, was a turning point in Indigenous education policy. It marked the beginning of the shift away from government-controlled, assimilationist educational policies to greater Indigenous control over funding and pedagogical methods. The Red Paper refuted the White Paper’s main conclusions and stated that Indigenous peoples are “citizens plus” because the federal government is legally bound to provide Indigenous peoples with services in exchange for the use of the land they occupy. The most important Indigenous rights to be upheld included education, health care, Aboriginal status, and Aboriginal title. These unique rights recognized that Indigenous peoples are the original owners of all the natural resources on their traditional treaty lands. The Red Paper became a political turning point for Indigenous peoples in Canada by presenting an Indigenous vision for a new political and legal relationship between Canada and Indigenous peoples based on Aboriginal and treaty rights. Since the 1970s, Indigenous leaders have struggled to maintain control of educational funding while having to abide by provincial standards of educational curricula. Indigenous communities want to provide more positive learning experiences and positive identity through reconceptualizing educational curricula. They are exploring ways to indigenize the educational experience by igniting cultural resurgence through the integration of Indigenous languages, knowledge, culture, and history by reconnecting students to their elders, land, and communities.
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Mayan, Maria, Rebecca Gokiert, Tristan Robinson, Melissa Tremblay, Sylvia Abonyi, Kirstyn Morley, and Richard Long. "Community Setting as a Determinant of Health for Indigenous Peoples Living in the Prairie Provinces of Canada: High Rates and Advanced Presentations of Tuberculosis." International Indigenous Policy Journal 10, no. 2 (May 24, 2019): 1–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.18584/iipj.2019.10.2.5.
Full textAbstract:
Indigenous Peoples in Canada experience disproportionately high tuberculosis (TB) rates, and those living in the Prairie Provinces have the most advanced TB presentations (Health Canada, 2009). The community settings (i.e., urban centres, non-remote reserves, remote reserves, and isolated reserves) where Indigenous Peoples live can help explain high TB rates. Through qualitative description, we identify how community setting influenced Indigenous people’s experiences by (a) delaying accurate diagnoses; (b) perpetuating shame and stigma; and (c) limiting understanding of the disease. Participants living in urban centres experienced significant difficulties obtaining an accurate diagnosis. Reserve community participants feared being shamed and stigmatized. TB information had little impact on participants’ TB knowledge, regardless of where they lived. Multiple misdiagnoses (primarily among urban centre participants), being shamed for having the disease (primarily reserve community participants), and a lack of understanding of TB can all contribute to advanced presentations and high rates of the disease among Indigenous Peoples of the Prairie Provinces.
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Sharapova, Anna, Sara L. Seck, Sarah L. MacLeod, and Olga Koubrak. "Indigenous Rights and Interests in a Changing Arctic Ocean: Canadian and Russian Experiences and Challenges." Arctic Review on Law and Politics 13 (2022): 286. http://dx.doi.org/10.23865/arctic.v13.3264.
Full textAbstract:
The Arctic has been home to Indigenous peoples since long before the international legal system of sovereign states came into existence. International law has increasingly recognized the rights of Indigenous peoples, who also have status as Permanent Participants in the Arctic Council. In northern Canada, the majority of those who live in the Arctic are recognized as Indigenous. However, in northern Russia, a much smaller percentage of the population is identified as Indigenous, as legal recognition is only accorded to groups with a small population size. This article will compare Russian and Canadian approaches to recognition of Indigenous peoples and Indigenous rights in the Arctic with attention to the implications for Arctic Ocean governance. The article first introduces international legal instruments of importance to Indigenous peoples and their rights in the Arctic. Then it considers the domestic legal and policy frameworks that define Indigenous rights and interests in Russia and Canada. Despite both states being members of the Arctic Council and parties to the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, there are many differences in their treatment of Indigenous peoples with implications for Arctic Ocean governance.
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McGuire, Michaela Mary, and Ted Palys. "Toward Sovereign Indigenous Justice: On Removing the Colonial Straightjacket." Decolonization of Criminology and Justice 2, no. 1 (June 29, 2020): 59–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.24135/dcj.v2i1.16.
Full textAbstract:
Canada has oppressed Indigenous peoples capacity for true sovereignty through colonialism, genocide and attempted assimilation. This devastation manifests in the disproportionate social ills facing Indigenous peoples and their overrepresentation at all levels of the imposed criminal justice system (CJS). Trauma and internalized colonialism have constrained the capacity of Indigenous Nations to reclaim their place in the world as self-governing peoples. Canada has attempted to ‘fix’ this problem through creating parallel systems, trying to fit ‘Indigenous’ conceptions of justice into existing systems, and problematically adopting restorative justice as synonymous with Indigenous justice. The rhetoric of reconciliation and apology mask the continual genocidal, assimilative goals of the state. With these caveats in mind, the need to reject internalized colonialism and develop capacity for the development of sovereign Indigenous justice systems will be examined.
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Mitchell, Terry. "Realizing Indigenous Rights in the Context of Extractive Imperialism:." International Journal of Critical Indigenous Studies 12, no. 1 (May 26, 2019): 46–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.5204/ijcis.v12i1.1140.
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Canada’s reputation as a global champion of human rights has been tarnished by the revelation of the enduring colonial impact and social and economic disparities endured by Indigenous peoples within Canada. While Canada has a strong legal framework for Indigenous rights, its significant and enduring policy and implementation failures are increasingly recognised by both domestic and international bodies. This article addresses Canada’s shifting yet fledgling progress towards the harmonisation of Canadian domestic law and the implementation of the United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples. The pathway to reconciliation and sustainable development for Canada is discussed as rights-based resource governance in contrast to Canada’s current imposition of extractive imperialism in both Canada and Latin America.
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Cooper, Thomas, and Alex Faseruk. "What's Right? Development and Access to Capital for Indigenous Peoples." International Journal of Social Ecology and Sustainable Development 5, no. 3 (July 2014): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijsesd.2014070101.
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This article explores the role of the private sector and financial services companies in respecting, protecting and particularly advancing the human rights of Indigenous peoples. Using the results from a participatory research based project with an Indigenous group in Canada, it makes the argument that firms in the financial sector have an obligation to respect and advance the rights of Indigenous peoples.
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Hoffman, Kira M., Amy Cardinal Christianson, Sarah Dickson-Hoyle, Kelsey Copes-Gerbitz, William Nikolakis, David A. Diabo, Robin McLeod, et al. "The right to burn: barriers and opportunities for Indigenous-led fire stewardship in Canada." FACETS 7 (January 1, 2022): 464–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/facets-2021-0062.
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Indigenous fire stewardship enhances ecosystem diversity, assists with the management of complex resources, and reduces wildfire risk by lessening fuel loads. Although Indigenous Peoples have maintained fire stewardship practices for millennia and continue to be keepers of fire knowledge, significant barriers exist for re-engaging in cultural burning. Indigenous communities in Canada have unique vulnerabilities to large and high-intensity wildfires as they are predominately located in remote, forested regions and lack financial support at federal and provincial levels to mitigate wildfire risk. Therefore, it is critical to uphold Indigenous expertise in leading effective and socially just fire stewardship. In this perspective, we demonstrate the benefits of cultural burning and identify five key barriers to advancing Indigenous fire stewardship in Canada. We also provide calls to action to assist with reducing preconceptions and misinformation and focus on creating space and respect for different knowledges and experiences. Despite growing concerns over wildfire risk and agency-stated intentions to establish Indigenous Peoples as partners in wildfire management, power imbalances still exist. The future and coexistence with fire in Canada needs to be a shared responsibility and led by Indigenous Peoples within their territories.
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Tsatsaros, Julie, Jennifer Wellman, Iris Bohnet, Jon Brodie, and Peter Valentine. "Indigenous Water Governance in Australia: Comparisons with the United States and Canada." Water 10, no. 11 (November 13, 2018): 1639. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w10111639.
Full textAbstract:
Aboriginal participation in water resources decision making in Australia is similar when compared with Indigenous peoples’ experiences in other common law countries such as the United States and Canada; however, this process has taken different paths. This paper provides a review of the literature detailing current legislative policies and practices and offers case studies to highlight and contrast Indigenous peoples’ involvement in water resources planning and management in Australia and North America. Progress towards Aboriginal governance in water resources management in Australia has been slow and patchy. The U.S. and Canada have not developed consistent approaches in honoring water resources agreements or resolving Indigenous water rights issues either. Improving co-management opportunities may advance approaches to improve interjurisdictional watershed management and honor Indigenous participation. Lessons learned from this review and from case studies presented provide useful guidance for environmental managers aiming to develop collaborative approaches and co-management opportunities with Indigenous people for effective water resources management.
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Prete, Tiffany. "How Alberta Education’s First Nations, Metis, and Inuit Policy Framework influence students attitudes towards the Indigenous Peoples of Canada." International Journal of Critical Indigenous Studies 14, no. 1 (December 6, 2021): 96–113. http://dx.doi.org/10.5204/ijcis.1840.
Full textAbstract:
For decades, Indigenous education in Canada has implemented policies that provide a more culturally relevant curriculum for Indigenous students. It is thought that such a curriculum will improve morale and academic success in Indigenous students. Despite these efforts, a gap still exists between Indigenous students and their counterparts. Little attention has been given to the role that race and racism plays in the lives of Indigenous students. This study examines whether a need exists for race and racism to be addressed in the public school system. Using an Indigenous research methodology, a survey was administered to elicit non-Indigenous attitudes towards the Indigenous peoples of Canada. It was found that in the absence of an antiracist education, nonIndigenous students held negative perceptions of Indigenous peoples, as well as lacked an understanding of racism and its significance.
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Littlechild, Danika Billie, Chance Finegan, and Deborah McGregor. "“Reconciliation” in undergraduate education in Canada: the application of Indigenous knowledge in conservation." FACETS 6, no. 1 (January 1, 2021): 665–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/facets-2020-0076.
Full textAbstract:
Both the Truth and Reconciliation Commission (TRC) and the National Inquiry into Missing and Murdered Indigenous Women and Girls (MMIWG) explicitly emphasized the role of educators in “reconciliation.” Alongside this, conservation practitioners are increasingly interacting with Indigenous Peoples in various ways, such as in the creation and support of Indigenous protected areas and (or) guardian programs. This paper considers how faculty teaching aspiring conservation practitioners can respond appropriately to the TRC and MMIWG Inquiry while preparing students to engage with Indigenous Peoples in a way that affirms, rather than questions Indigenous knowledge and aspirations. Our argument is threefold: first, teaching Indigenous content requires an approach grounded in transformational change, not one focused on an “add Indigenous and stir” pedagogy. Second, we assert that students need to know how to ethically engage with Indigenous Peoples more than they need knowledge of discreet facts. Finally, efforts to “Indigenize” the academy requires an emphasis on anti-racism, humility, reciprocity, and a willingness to confront ongoing colonialism and white supremacy. This paper thus focuses on the broad change that must occur within universities to adequately prepare students to build and maintain reconciliatory relationships with Indigenous Peoples.
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Tubex, Hilde, John Rynne, and Harry Blagg. "Throughcare for Indigenous peoples leaving prison: Practices in two settler colonial states." European Journal of Probation 13, no. 3 (October 20, 2021): 282–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/20662203211044956.
Full textAbstract:
The concept of throughcare as a means to prevent recidivism continues to attract considerable attention in Australia over the last couple of years. This is particularly the case for Indigenous peoples, as the transition to life after imprisonment proves to be particularly challenging for them, resulting in high rates of recidivism and ongoing overrepresentation in Australian prisons. In this contribution, we report on research we conducted in two Australian jurisdictions. After identifying the problems in developing effective throughcare strategies for Indigenous peoples leaving prison, we turn to Canada for examples of good practice. Canada was chosen for comparison as it is also a settler colonial state, experiencing similar problems of overrepresentation of their Indigenous population in the prison. After a critical analysis of these practices, we conclude that the reasons for a problematic re-integration of Indigenous peoples are related to a tendency to impose solutions and strategies developed in the white mainstream onto Indigenous communities without acknowledging traditional cultures and structures.
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Peña-Sánchez, J., D. Jennings, M. Andkhoie, C. Brass, G. Bukassa-Kazadi, S. Fowler, M. Johnson-Jennings, et al. "A4 A FRAMEWORK TO STUDY INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASE AMONG INDIGENOUS PEOPLES AND PRELIMINARY RESULTS FROM SASKATCHEWAN, CANADA." Journal of the Canadian Association of Gastroenterology 3, Supplement_1 (February 2020): 5–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jcag/gwz047.003.
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Abstract Background Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) is a chronic condition with significant life-threatening disease-related complications and reductions in quality of life if left untreated. Despite available research about IBD in the general population, there is limited-to-no evidence about IBD among Indigenous peoples in Canada and around the world. Aims We aimed to define a collaborative framework, estimate the prevalence and incidence rates of IBD among First Nations in Saskatchewan, Canada, and explore perceptions of IBD among Indigenous peoples in the province. Methods This study began when Indigenous patients shared their health experiences with IBD with research team members. An interdisciplinary research team was formed including Indigenous patient and family advocates (IPFAs, Indigenous patients living with IBD and parents of an Indigenous person with IBD), an IBD gastroenterologist, knowledge users, and Indigenous and non-Indigenous researchers. Our research team committed to raise awareness of IBD among Indigenous peoples within Indigenous communities and among health care providers and to advocate for better healthcare and well-being by providing evidence of IBD among Indigenous peoples living with IBD in Saskatchewan. We defined a mixed methodology. The first phase of the study used Saskatchewan administrative health data to estimate the prevalence and incidence rates with 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) of IBD among First Nations. The second phase of the study will use a photovoice methodology to gather “the voices” of Indigenous peoples with IBD, encouraging self-interpretation of pictures, engaging their communities, and empowering them with the study findings. Results The IPFAs play a critical role in the project by sharing their experiences and defining the directions of the project, as well as defining our research framework (Figure 1). Preliminary results show that the prevalence of IBD among First Nations in Saskatchewan increased from 66 (95%CI 65–68) per 100,000 population in 1999 to 148 (95%CI 145–151) per 100,000 people in 2015. In contrast, the incidence rates appear to be stable over time, 11/100,000 (95%CI 4–24) in 1999 and 11/100,000 (95%CI 5–20) in 2015. We started recruiting participants for the photovoice study in September 2019. Conclusions This ground-breaking patient-driven study is the first stage to improve health among Indigenous peoples living with IBD in Saskatchewan. This project will generate community-engaged knowledge and expertise to inform the development of an Indigenous IBD framework that could promote better and knowledge-based healthcare for Indigenous peoples with IBD in Canada and worldwide. Funding Agencies CIHRSaskatchewan Health Research Foundation (SHRF) and Saskatchewan Centre for Patient-Oriented Research (SCPOR)
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Graham, Simon, Nicole M. Muir, Jocelyn W. Formsma, and Janet Smylie. "First Nations, Inuit and Métis Peoples Living in Urban Areas of Canada and Their Access to Healthcare: A Systematic Review." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 20, no. 11 (May 25, 2023): 5956. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20115956.
Full textAbstract:
In Canada, approximately 52% of First Nations, Inuit and Métis (Indigenous) peoples live in urban areas. Although urban areas have some of the best health services in the world, little is known about the barriers or facilitators Indigenous peoples face when accessing these services. This review aims to fill these gaps in knowledge. Embase, Medline and Web of Science were searched from 1 January 1981 to 30 April 2020. A total of 41 studies identified barriers or facilitators of health service access for Indigenous peoples in urban areas. Barriers included difficult communication with health professionals, medication issues, dismissal by healthcare staff, wait times, mistrust and avoidance of healthcare, racial discrimination, poverty and transportation issues. Facilitators included access to culture, traditional healing, Indigenous-led health services and cultural safety. Policies and programs that remove barriers and implement the facilitators could improve health service access for Indigenous peoples living in urban and related homelands in Canada.
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Starzyk, Katherine B., Katelin H. S. Neufeld, Renée M. El-Gabalawy, and Gregory D. B. Boese. "The case for and causes of intraminority solidarity in support for reparations: Evidence from community and student samples in Canada." Journal of Social and Political Psychology 7, no. 1 (August 12, 2019): 620–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.5964/jspp.v7i1.673.
Full textAbstract:
In three studies, we examined how racial/ethnic majority (i.e., White) and non-Indigenous minority participants in Canada responded to reparations for Indigenous peoples in Canada. Our goal was to understand whether and why there may be intraminority solidarity in this context. In Study 1, with a large, national survey (N = 1,947), we examined the extent to which participants agreed the government should be responsible for addressing human rights violations committed by previous governments as well as whether the government has done enough to address the wrongs committed against Indigenous peoples in Canada. With a sample of undergraduate students in Study 2 (N = 144) and another community sample in Study 3 (N = 233), we examined possible mediators of the relationship between ethnic status and support for reparations. Taken together, the results of three studies suggest that, compared to White majority Canadians, non-Indigenous minority Canadians were more supportive of providing reparations to Indigenous peoples through a complex chain of collective victimhood, inclusive victim consciousness, continued victim suffering, and solidarity.
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Daniels, Carmen, Janya McCalman, and Roxanne Bainbridge. "Meeting People Where They're at: A Systematic Review of Financial Counseling for Indigenous Peoples." Journal of Financial Counseling and Planning 32, no. 3 (May 4, 2021): 417–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/jfcp-19-00065.
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Since 1990, financial counseling, literacy, and capability services have emerged in Canada, Australia, New Zealand and the United States (CANZUS nations) as practice-based approaches to support the economic participation and financial resilience of Indigenous peoples. This systematic scoping review of the published and grey literature explored how these programs have evolved and whether such approaches are effective. The review found an emerging movement toward Indigenous-specific practice, reflecting the growth of Indigenous voices in financial counseling practice and highlighting the critical case for embedding Indigenous knowledge and practices into program design and delivery. However, there was little evidence in this emerging field regarding the quality or impact of program delivery. A theoretical framework is needed to guide further research.
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Day, Lindsay, Ashlee Cunsolo, Heather Castleden, Alex Sawatzky, Debbie Martin, Catherine Hart, Cate Dewey, and Sherilee L. Harper. ""The Legacy Will Be the Change": Reconciling How We Live with and Relate to Water." International Indigenous Policy Journal 11, no. 3 (September 17, 2020): 1–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.18584/iipj.2020.11.3.10937.
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Current challenges relating to water governance in Canada are motivating calls for approaches that implement Indigenous and Western knowledge systems together, as well as calls to form equitable partnerships with Indigenous Peoples grounded in respectful Nation-to-Nation relationships. By foregrounding the perspectives of First Nations, Inuit, and Métis peoples, this study explores the nature and dimensions of Indigenous ways of knowing around water and examines what the inclusion of Indigenous voices, lived experience, and knowledge mean for water policy and research. Data were collected during a National Water Gathering that brought together 32 Indigenous and non-Indigenous water experts, researchers, and knowledge holders from across Canada. Data were analyzed thematically through a collaborative podcasting methodology, which also contributed to an audio-documentary podcast (www.WaterDialogues.ca).