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1
House, Jo Anne. "Exploring Deliberation and Participation: Tribal Membership Meetings under Indian Reorganization Act Constitutions." ScholarWorks, 2011. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/1044.
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Based on a review of one tribal government's strong membership powers exercised in General Tribal Council (GTC) meetings, tribal leaders do not analyze or review the activities in those meetings on an ongoing basis to determine where or if improvements are needed or are effective when implemented. The purpose of this study was to bridge the gap in empirical studies and to identify a process by which tribes can review GTC meetings to implement continuous improvements. Based on the tenets of Habermas' deliberative democracy framework, this qualitative study used the Discourse Quality Index (DQI) to determine the level of participation and deliberation occurring in membership meetings. Through a content analysis of transcripts from a year of GTC meetings of a single tribe, findings provided insight on speaker interruptions, reasons underlying opinions, respect given to others, and community-based decisions. The findings also identified that GTC meetings score high in all elements except regarding respect for others. By focusing on improvements in deliberative forums, Tribal leaders can create a more inviting atmosphere to individuals to speak, improve community networking, and increase levels of respect for others. Implications for social change are the development of meetings that improve over time, resulting in the generation of a greater range of solutions to public issues and creation of networking relationships as members hear other solutions and positions.
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Tesfagabir, Tewelde W. "An Eritrean Perspective of Africa's Potential for Indigenous, Independent Food Sustainability." ScholarWorks, 2017. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/3842.
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Food insecurity in Africa is a threat to future generations because many countries rely on potentially unsustainable food policies. Eritrea's indigenous food sustainability policy has not been explored or analyzed in a scholarly manner. This qualitative case study analyzed the effectiveness of the current policy of food sustainability without relying on foreign food aid in Eritrea. The main research question addressed relates to how Eritrean irrigation farmers understand and implement the Eritrean government's food sustainability policy. The theoretical framework for this study, Kingdon's policy stream, set the agenda for a policy of sustainable indigenous Eritrean agricultural development without food aid. I have collected data by conducting semistructured interviews with 15 farmers who each have at least 7 years' experience providing food for their own families. Data from the interviews was audio recorded, transcribed, reviewed by the interviewees for increased credibility and reliability, translated in to English, and emergently coded and categorized for theme and pattern analysis. This study`s findings contain important lessons relative to advancing food self-sufficiency in Eritrea. The implications for social change across Africa may include informing practitioners and policymakers of the importance of applying appropriate policies to encourage food self-sufficiency.
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Leon, de la Barra Sophia. "Building research capacity for indigenous health : a case study of the National Health and Medical Research Council : the evolution and impact of policy and capacity building strategies for indigenous health research over a decade from 1996 to 2006." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/3538.
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As Australia’s leading agency for funding health research (expending over $400 million in 2006), the National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) has a major responsibility to improve the evidence base for health policy and practice. There is an urgent need for better evidence to guide policy and programs that improve the health of Indigenous peoples. In 2002, NHMRC endorsed a series of landmark policy changes to acknowledge its ongoing role and responsibilities in Indigenous health research—adopting a strategic Road Map for research, improving Indigenous representation across NHMRC Council and Principal Committees, and committing 5% of its annual budget to Indigenous health research. This thesis examines how these policies evolved, the extent to which they have been implemented, and their impact on agency expenditure in relation to People Support. Additionally, this thesis describes the impact of NHMRC policies in reshaping research practices among Indigenous populations.
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Leon, de la Barra Sophia. "Building research capacity for indigenous health : a case study of the National Health and Medical Research Council : the evolution and impact of policy and capacity building strategies for indigenous health research over a decade from 1996 to 2006." University of Sydney, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/3538.
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Master of Philosophy<br>As Australia’s leading agency for funding health research (expending over $400 million in 2006), the National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) has a major responsibility to improve the evidence base for health policy and practice. There is an urgent need for better evidence to guide policy and programs that improve the health of Indigenous peoples. In 2002, NHMRC endorsed a series of landmark policy changes to acknowledge its ongoing role and responsibilities in Indigenous health research—adopting a strategic Road Map for research, improving Indigenous representation across NHMRC Council and Principal Committees, and committing 5% of its annual budget to Indigenous health research. This thesis examines how these policies evolved, the extent to which they have been implemented, and their impact on agency expenditure in relation to People Support. Additionally, this thesis describes the impact of NHMRC policies in reshaping research practices among Indigenous populations.
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Sikku, Olov-Anders. "Urfolksrätt i svensk politik : Samiskt självbestämmande i den offentliga diskursen." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Statsvetenskapliga institutionen, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-353026.
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Indigenous rights are among the most rapidly progressing domains in international law. The UN Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples was adopted more than a decade ago, and now the task consists of implementing the rights within the state structure. While the concept of self- determination constitutes the very core of indigenous rights, it also represents the most difficult challenge to establish within the existing system of sovereign states. This thesis seeks to contribute to the discussion regarding the implementation of indigenous peoples’ right to self-determination within states. By examining the public discourse surrounding the concept of self-determination in relation to the Sami people in the Swedish political system, it’s possible to obtain a deeper understanding of the dynamics in play. The thesis focuses on analyzing the core elements of self- determination and the formulation of the perceived problems surrounding the political measures of the concept. The discourse analysis, examining the period 2006-2017, concludes that the understanding of the concept of self-determination is linked to the political status of the indigenous people, the political debate within the national assembly, the perception of possible solutions and the function of indigenous institutions.
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Wiley, Ronald Brooks. "“To Gallop Together to War is Simple-- To Make Peace is Complex” Indigenous Informal Restorative Conflict Resolution Practices Among Kazakhs: An Ethnographic Case Study." Diss., NSUWorks, 2019. https://nsuworks.nova.edu/shss_dcar_etd/119.
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Advocates of restorative and transitional justice practice have long drawn from practices of indigenous peoples to form the basis for more sustainable, relational, participatory, community-based approaches to conflict resolution. With the resurgence in Kazakh nationalism since the Republic of Kazakhstan independence, repatriated diasporic Kazakhs, who through cultural survival in diaspora retain more of their ethno-cultural characteristics, influence a revival of Kazakh language and culture. The purpose of this study was to understand the indigenous informal restorative conflict resolution practices of the Kazakh people. The questions that drove this study were: What indigenous informal forms of dispute resolution have been in use among Kazakhs, as reflected in their folklore and proverbs; which have continued in use among diasporic semi-nomadic Kazakh populations; and, which, if any, are restorative in nature? This ethnographic multi-case study incorporates participant observation and semi-structured interviews of participants selected through snowball sampling from among diasporic Kazakhs in, or repatriated from, China. Kazakh folklore and proverb collections were examined for conflict resolution practices and values at the family and kinship levels. Key theories used to explore the topic include Post-Colonial Theory of Sub-Altern Agency, Essentialism Theory, Soviet Ethnos Theory, and Restoration of Trust Theory. This study expands the knowledge base regarding indigenous systems of conflict resolution and contributes to the ethnography of the Kazakh people. The existence of indigenous informal restorative Kazakh systems of conflict resolution can inform reassessment and reform of public policy as to alternatives to punitive criminal justice practices.
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Jackson, Pulver Lisa Rae. "An argument on culture safety in health service delivery: towards better health outcomes for Aboriginal peoples." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/609.
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The bureaucratic measure of health service, health performance indicators, suggest that we are not effective in our legislative responsibility to deliver suitable health care to some of the populations we are meant to serve. Debate has raged over the years as to the reasons for this, with no credible explanation accepted by those considered stakeholders. One thing is clear though, we have gone from being a culture believing that the needs of the many far outweigh those of the few, to one where we are barely serving the needs of the 'any'. This is most evident in the care delivered to the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people of Australia.
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Uhrig, Megan Nicole. "The Andean Exception: An Interdisciplinary Approach to the Absence of Large-Scale Indigenous Social Mobilization in Peru." The Ohio State University, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1365603733.
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Jackson, Pulver Lisa Rae. "An argument on culture safety in health service delivery towards better health outcomes for Aboriginal peoples /." University of Sydney. Public Health and Community Medicine, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/609.
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The bureaucratic measure of health service, health performance indicators, suggest that we are not effective in our legislative responsibility to deliver suitable health care to some of the populations we are meant to serve. Debate has raged over the years as to the reasons for this, with no credible explanation accepted by those considered stakeholders. One thing is clear though, we have gone from being a culture believing that the needs of the many far outweigh those of the few, to one where we are barely serving the needs of the 'any'. This is most evident in the care delivered to the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people of Australia.
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Freilich, Emily. "Restoration of Mauri (Life-Force) to Ōkahu Bay: Investigation of a Community Driven Restoration Process." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2018. https://scholarship.claremont.edu/pomona_theses/196.
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This thesis investigated the restoration of mauri (life-force) to Ōkahu Bay, Auckland New Zealand. Ōkahu Bay is part of the land and waters of Ngāti Whātua Ōrākei, a Māori hapū (sub-tribe). Ngāti Whātua Ōrākei has been driving the restoration, restoring Ōkahu Bay based on their worldview, visions, and concerns. This vision and control of the restoration process allows them to bring in the hapū in sustainable engagement and have the long-term vision and commitment necessary for self-determination. However, while there has been progress with projects and improved decision-making authority, hapū members are still not seeing their whānau (family) swimming in and caring for Ōkahu as much as they would like. Interviewees wanted to see an explicit focus on encouraging hapū members to use the bay, such as more educational programs and water-based activities, and continued efforts to improve water quality. Shellfish populations have also not recovered after a decade of monitoring due to structural aspects such as existing stormwater pipes. Changing these requires Auckland City Council to make stronger commitments to supporting Ngāti Whātua’s restoration. Overall, this investigation showed that in this restoration, a clean environment is essential to build community and a community is essential to build a clean environment. This community-driven restoration, while not perfect, has great potential to truly reconnect people with their environments, decolonize the land and the people, and create thriving ecosystems and people that benefit themselves, their communities, and the wider Auckland community.
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Laframboise, D. Luke. "Founded on Ice and Tradition : A Comparative Examination of the Development and Effectiveness of the Inuit Circumpolar and Saami Councils." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Statsvetenskap, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-163336.
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There has been a great deal of interest in the Arctic governance in recent years, but littleof the interest has been in the indigenous peoples that populate it and the political structures theyuse to make themselves heard. In this thesis, these political structures, and the peoples that formthem, are studied in a historical context in order to determine how these structures weredeveloped, how their cultures have been effected by their relationship with non-indigenousgovernments and what affect both people and structure have had in their political environment.This was done through a qualitative comparative case study between the Sami of Scandinaviaand the Inuit of northern Canada and Alaska. From this study, it was determined that the level ofrelationship between indigenous and non-indigenous governments determined the degree towhich political bodies would occur and their ability affect their political environment. Followingthis relationship each case example developed a body for their own advocacy as a result ofsudden political pressure placed upon them. Overall, this thesis determines that the developmentof institutions is not fixed, but rather contingent to past events.
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Mancilla, Garcia Maria. "Pollution, interests and everyday life in Lake Titicaca : negotiating change and continuity in social-ecological systems." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2013. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:1ad3d62d-9be8-4d0c-98da-c3a08f7c91bc.
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Environmental governance is a challenging topic in development contexts. On the one hand, the traditional development paradigm is based on economic growth through environmental exploitation; on the other, environmental degradation reduces vulnerable populations’ options for development. In the last thirty years numerous attempts to integrate environmental concerns in development policies have proved unsuccessful, raising questions as to whether the current governance system can address the challenge. The literature on environmental management has focused on identifying rules for successful governance, leaving little space to explore the complexities of the interactions between actors and their environments, wherein the reasons for sustained degradation might lie. The questions that this thesis asks are: How do diverse groups of actors rationalize and interact with degraded ecosystems? And what role does the governance system play in codifying these interactions? To answer these questions, the thesis engages in an institutional study of Lake Titicaca, between Peru and Bolivia. The lake has witnessed a degradation of its bay in the last thirty years, as a result of urban and mining development in the region. A complex web of organizations that go from the bi-national to the community level manages Lake Titicaca. The investigation of the questions asked is particularly relevant in the current context, as the countries to which the lake belongs put forward significantly different visions of the environment. By drawing on the strengths of social-ecological systems frameworks proposed by the two mains schools – the Resilience Alliance and Bloomington Workshop – and filling some of their deficiencies using insights from the sociological literatures on negotiation and justification, I hope to have created a composite framework with which to give an insightful account of the complexity and diversity at play in the field. The thesis adopts a broad range of qualitative methods (observation, interviews, document analysis) completed with descriptive statistics for budget analysis. The thesis argues that the actors’ approaches to the ecosystem are complex, diverse and constitutive of social-ecological systems wherein relationships are negotiated between actors, between actors and the ecosystem and ‘within’ actors as they hold competing visions and strategies. Some of the variables shaping these negotiations are crafted through the interaction between social and ecological elements, which also influence the actors’ understanding of the system. Others are determined by parameters crafted in the social sphere, and the ways in which social-ecological interactions fit with those. Policy interventions to improve the condition of Lake Titicaca need a more sophisticated understanding of these social-ecological systems.
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Pinto, Patricia Rech. "Supervisão na formação profissional de agentes indígenas de saúde no Parque Indígena do Xingu." Universidade de São Paulo, 2008. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/6/6135/tde-13112008-113243/.
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A supervisão de agentes indígenas de saúde possui desafios específicos, entre eles a busca do diálogo entre os saberes tradicionais dos povos indígenas e os saberes do modelo biomédico ocidental. A supervisão é considerada uma atividade do processo de trabalho em saúde, que demonstra a quais finalidades se presta em função da necessidade de seu contexto histórico-social mais amplo e da saúde pública. O objetivo do estudo foi analisar o processo de supervisão dos agentes indígenas de saúde, seus componentes e especificidades. Procedemos a um estudo de caso do serviço de atenção primária na região do Médio e Baixo Xingu, Mato Grosso. Utilizamos a análise de conteúdo para o tratamento de dados secundários e primários: documentos institucionais sobre a formação de recursos humanos e entrevistas com agentes indígenas de saúde, lideranças indígenas, representantes da medicina tradicional e profissionais de saúde de nível universitário. As análises fundamentam-se no referencial teórico do processo de trabalho em saúde, com destaque para a supervisão de trabalhadores da saúde, e na abordagem da antropologia médica e relações interculturais. Apresentamos três grandes núcleos temáticos: os agentes do processo de trabalho em saúde indígena; concepções e práticas da supervisão; finalidades da supervisão e da formação profissional de agentes indígenas de saúde. A interculturalidade manifestou-se como característica que permeia todos os núcleos temáticos.<br>The supervision of indigenous agents of health contained specific challenges, among them, the search for the dialogue between the traditional knowledge of the indigenous nations and the knowledge of the west biomedical model. The supervision on health is considered an activity on the work process. It demonstrates which finalities they will work concerning the necessity of a more broaden social-historical context and for the public health. The purpose of this research was to analyze the process of supervising the indigenous agents of health, its components and specificities. We have performed a case study of a primary service attention in the region of Low and Middle Xingu, Mato Grosso. We have used the analysis of content for the treatment of primary and secondary data: institutional documents about the formation of human resources and interviews with indigenous agents of health, indigenous leaderships, representatives of traditional medicine and graduated professionals of health. The analyses are based on the theoretical process of working on health, particularly for the supervision of health workers, and the approach of the medical anthropology and intercultural relationships. Here we present three major thematic areas: the agents in the working process of health itself, the concepts and practices of supervision; and the finalities of the supervision and the professional improvement of indigenous health workers. The articulation of cultures has proved to be a characteristic which are part of all those thematic areas.
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Southard, Nicole. "The Socio-Political and Economic Causes of Natural Disasters." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2017. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/1720.
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To effectively prevent and mitigate the outbreak of natural disasters is a more pressing issue in the twenty-first century than ever before. The frequency and cost of natural disasters is rising globally, most especially in developing countries where the most severe effects of climate change are felt. However, while climate change is indeed a strong force impacting the severity of contemporary catastrophes, it is not directly responsible for the exorbitant cost of the damage and suffering incurred from natural disasters -- both financially and in terms of human life. Rather, the true root causes of natural disasters lie within the power systems at play in any given society when these regions come into contact with a hazard event. Historic processes of isolation, oppression, and exploitation, combined with contemporary international power systems, interact in complex ways to affect different socioeconomic classes distinctly. The result is to create vulnerability and scarcity among the most defenseless communities. These processes affect a society’s ideological orientation and their cultural norms, empowering some while isolating others. When the resulting dynamic socio-political pressures and root causes come into contact with a natural hazard, a disaster is likely to follow due to the high vulnerability of certain groups and their inability to adapt as conditions change. In this light, the following discussion exposes the anthropogenic roots of natural disasters by conducting a detailed case analysis of natural disasters in Haiti, Ethiopia, and Nepal.
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Chaves, Maria Tereza Caetano Lima. "O direito de propriedade e os direitos originários dos índios sobre as terras tradicionalmente ocupadas no estado de Mato Grosso." Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2013. http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tede/3639.
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Previous issue date: 2013-03-20<br>The theme that compares property rights and rights originating from the indians about
the land they traditionally occupy, seeking a historical and interpretative analysis of
each of them in order to understand the real intention of the lawgiver and the current
adjustment Constitutional and infra constitutional regarding these topics. The work
begin with the historical and the political analysis of the laws seeking for property rights
and indians' rights. The realized the definition and characterization of each of these
topics. Presents legislative, doctrine, jurisprudence and procedural researches , as well
as empirical data, aiming to show that the demarcation of Indians lands in the State of
MatoGrosso disregarding Constitutional principles analysed through the research,
mainly those established at article 5º, XXII and article 231, § 1º of The Federal
Constitution of 1988. Demonstrate that infringement to the constitutional principles by
demarcation process accomplished by FUNAI culminates with the increase in judicial
disputes and quarrel over land in MatoGrosso. This investees of demarcation held in
absentia of the indigenous communities themselves, which actually fighting for public
policy assistance on the reservations already delimited, and not, for more land.<br>O tema coteja o direito de propriedade e os direitos originários dos índios sobre as terras
que tradicionalmente ocupam. Busca-se uma análise histórica e interpretativa de cada
um deles, de forma a se entender a real intenção do legislador e as atuais disposições
constitucionais e infraconstitucionais a respeito desses temas. O trabalho parte da
análise da história e da política das legislações que contemplam o direito de propriedade
e os direitos dos índios. É realizada a definição e a caracterização de cada um desses
direitos. São apresentados resultados de pesquisa legislativa, doutrinária, jurisprudencial
e processual e dados empíricos, com vistas a demonstrar que as demarcações das terras
indígenas no estado de Mato Grosso desrespeitam os ditames constitucionais e
infraconstitucionais analisados, em especial aqueles estabelecidos no art. 5º, XXII e no
art. 231, § 1º da Constituição Federal de 1988. É demonstrado que a infringência aos
ditames constitucionais pelos processos demarcatórios realizados pela FUNAI culmina
com o aumento de litígios judiciais e de disputas por terras mato-grossenses.Tais
investidas demarcatórias são realizadas à revelia das próprias comunidades indígenas, as
quais, na realidade, lutam por políticas públicas de assistência nas reservas já
demarcadas, e não, por mais terras.
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ASPILLERA, DAHLIA C. "AN EDUCATIONAL PROGRAM ON INDIGENOUS FOODS FOR BETTER HEALTH AND BETTER ECONOMY FOR THE PHILIPPINES (ECONOMICS, AGRICULTURE)." 1986. https://scholarworks.umass.edu/dissertations/AAI8622647.
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This study explores the nutritional and economic needs of the Philippines suggesting as a solution the return to indigenous staple foods. It culminates in a Teacher Training Workshop created to bring together Philippine public elementary school health education teachers to dialogue why a state of nutritional well-being is elusive in the communities they are serving. Teachers will be trained to remedy this deprivation, a direct effect of colonizer/colonized relationship resulting in economic disorder. Chapter I presents background information, problems to be resolved, definition of terms, and gives evidence of a technologically and culturally advanced pre-colonial Philippines. Chapter II details the political and economic disorder which resulted from colonizations. A review of literature on global food production is included in this chapter. Chapter III is a review of literature on liberating curriculum by educators who reflect in their writings their concern for this disorder. The literature demonstrates that in the course of current events, and in the need to get ahead, people unknowingly or otherwise cause the exploitation of others. Nowhere is this more evident than on the issues of global small-farm conditions. Powerful Country small farmers who are today living in economic destitution are the same farmers who for decades have caused not only despair but starvation among Oppressed Country small farmers. This study identifies tools to measure the economic and nutritional value of indigenous foods. Two such instruments are introduced in Chapter IV, the Food Intake Diary, and in Appendix A, the Comparison of Nutrients in Interchangeable Foods. The Workshop, Chapter V, takes for its theme the recognition of the most crucial of needs in Oppressed Countries, locally grown foods. The materials and hand-outs included in this educational program are puzzle pieces to understand the relationship between Oppressed Countries and Powerful Countries where the two sides are not partners and not sharing equitably. The curriculum questions those in power in their traditional handling of development issues in Oppressed Countires. The teachers and later their pupils, who will be the future farmers, will decide who are the victims and who are the beneficiaries of this economic disorder.
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Malbon, Justin. "Indigenous rights under the Australian constitution : a reconciliation perspective /." 2002. http://www.library.unsw.edu.au/~thesis/adt-NUN/public/adt-NUN20030811.105406/index.html.
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Davies, Margrit. "Public health and colonialism : the case of German New Guinea, 1884 - 1914." Phd thesis, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/143653.
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Ganter, Elizabeth Joan. "An Ambivalent Hospitality: Aboriginal Senior Public Servants And The Representation Of Others In Australia's Self-Governing Northern Territory." Phd thesis, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/10128.
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"How can you make decisions about Aboriginal people when you can’t even talk to the people you’ve got here that are blackfellas?" This question was posed by an Aboriginal senior public servant whom I interviewed for this research in 2007. She was imagining a conversation with the Northern Territory Public Service, whose invitation for Aborigines to join its departments provides the backdrop to my study. Counterposing the absent Aboriginal policy subject with the ever-present, idiomatic blackfella‘ public servant, the question aptly reframes the government expectation that an Aboriginal presence within the public service will represent the absent through Aborigines‘ numeric sufficiency, their location in the corridors of power and their contribution to Aboriginal policies and programs. This interviewee was insisting that she be heard, if her people were to be taken into account.
This thesis begins with a history of Aboriginal employment in the Northern Territory administration which concludes that the unplanned accretion of a substantial number of Aboriginal public servants, in 1978, became the new Northern Territory Government‘s opportunity to legitimize itself as a representative bureaucracy.
After reviewing empirical studies of representative bureaucracy and theories of political representation, I argue that all public servants discretionarily represent others in their advice to government. I go on to explore the extent to which Aboriginal senior public servants understand themselves to represent other Aborigines in their work. Analyzing data from 76 interviewees, I ask: how compelling to Aboriginal senior officials is the Northern Territory Government‘s self-account as a representative bureaucracy? I argue that these officials work to a social imaginary in which they are present for those Aborigines whom they regard as absent only by circumstance. Aboriginal senior public servants see themselves as neither the naïve tokens nor misguided advocates that the literature has largely made them out to be. Rather, they see themselves as exemplary representatives of others, for whom they model mindful professionalism, and with whom they share fates as Aboriginal Territorians.
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Yavwa, Yakomba. "The influence of indigenous African culture on SME adoption of digital government services in Zambia." Thesis, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/26834.
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Many low-income countries desire to implement and adopt digital government as a springboard for economic and social development but face many challenges. The United Nations identifies that Africa has especially lagged consistently in digital government development and adoption. Most scholars largely attribute the challenges to infrastructure and skills, and often rhetorically cite culture as playing a strong role. This study specifically examined the role of indigenous African culture (‘spirituality’, ‘communalism’ and ‘respect for authority and elders’) and internet access on the adoption of digital government services (e-filing and e-payment of taxes) by Small and Micro Enterprises (SMEs) in Zambia, with the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technologies (UTAUT) as the underpinning theoretical lens. Data analysis was done using Structural Equation Modelling with principal attention given to the moderating and mediating influence of indigenous African culture. The influence of internet access on the intention to adopt digital government was also examined. The findings from the cross sectional study of 401 tax registered SMEs suggests that ‘spirituality’, ‘African communalism’ and ‘respect for authority and elders’ have significant negative moderating effects on the adoption of e-filing but not on e-payment; and ‘spirituality’, ‘African communalism’ and ‘respect for authority and elders’ are all significant mediators of the intention to adopt both e-filing and e-payment. This means that indigenous African culture plays a significant role in explaining Africa’s position in digital government development and adoption. The findings also showed a negative influence of internet access on the intention to adopt digital government services despite the measures that government has put in place. These results make a novel contribution to Information Systems (IS) theory in identifying a critical yet often overlooked indigenous cultural influence on the adoption of digital innovations in low-income countries. The findings also calls for finding new or adapted IS theories that take into account such unique cultural constructs. The thesis recommends that the research is extended to other low-income countries as well as other contexts that exhibit strong indigenous cultural values.<br>School of Computing<br>Ph. D. (Information Systems)
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De, Korne Haley. "Indigenous language education policy: supporting community-controlled immersion." Thesis, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1828/1721.
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The vitality of most Indigenous languages in North America, like minority languages in many parts of the world, is at risk due to the pressures of majority (in most cases colonial) languages and cultures. The transmission of Indigenous languages through school-based programs is a wide-spread approach to maintaining and revitalizing threatened languages in Canada and the U.S., where a large majority of Indigenous children attend public schools. Policy for Indigenous language education (ILE) in public schools is controlled primarily on the regional (province/ state/ territory) level, and there is a lack of shared knowledge about policy approaches in different regions, as well as a lack of knowledge about effective ILE policy in general. While no ideal policy model is possible due to the diversity of different language and community contexts, there are several factors that have been identified through language acquisition research and years of practice in ILE as being closely linked to the success of ILE; immersion approaches to education and community control of education. One framework within which to analyze ILE policy is thus the degree of support present for immersion methods and community control. This study analyzes regional, national, and international policies impacting ILE in Canadian and U.S. public schools, and shows that although there are many regions lacking ILE policy, there are a growing number of supportive ILE policies currently in place. The varying levels of support that different policies provide, and a discussion of different ways in which immersion and community control may be supported in ILE policy are illustrated through examples of existing policies. Several recommendations for the development of future ILE policy are offered, including the importance of diverse policy approaches, support for bilingual education in general, and further development of Indigenous language teacher training and Indigenous control of ILE. Through this specific area of research, the study aims to contribute to knowledge about approaches to the transmission, and ultimate revitalization, of threatened Indigenous languages.
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Marques, Marisa Pires. "Mem de Sá: um Percurso Singular no Império Quinhentista Português." Doctoral thesis, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/25475.
Full textAbstract:
Mem de Sá, fidalgo da Casa Real e licenciado em Direito, esteve ao serviço da Coroa de Portugal durante 39 anos. No Reino foi corregedor dos feitos civis da Corte, desembargador da Casa da Suplicação e conselheiro régio. De 1557 a 1572 foi Governador-Geral do Brasil, cargo que exerceu até morrer nesse mesmo ano. O facto de ter sido o primeiro jurista nomeado para um governo ultramarino e de tê-lo exercido até morrer tornam-no num caso singular entre os outros altos oficiais. O seu desempenho ao serviço da Coroa singularizam-no entre os membros da sua família, uma elite ligada à Casa Real e ao serviço do aparelho de Estado no Reino e na Expansão desde o século XV, porque, e ao contrário destes, nunca prestou serviços na guerra ou na governação de praças em África ou na Índia.
Garante da autoridade pública do Estado Português no Brasil, o seu governo alicerçou-se na justiça, na guerra contra franceses e ameríndios e na lei. Procurou, deste modo, alcançar a unidade político-administrativa, a eficácia do povoamento e a criação de riqueza. Nele, cruzaram-se o plano colonizador da Coroa, os interesses dos colonos, os projectos evangelizadores da Companhia de Jesus e os seus próprios interesses de mercador e de homem de negócios com interesses nas principais praças europeias e da América espanhola. Detentor de um vasto património móvel e imóvel que aumentou a par do exercício do cargo de Governador-Geral era, à hora da sua morte, um homem rico cuja fortuna constituirá o dote de sua filha e herdeira Filipa de Sá, possibilitando-lhe o acesso à titulatura pelo seu casamento com D. Fernando de Noronha, filho herdeiro e primogénito dos condes de Linhares em 1573.<br>The Royal House nobleman and lawyer, Mem de Sá, was at the service of the Portuguese crown for thirty-nine years. This included twenty-four years as chief magistrate, judge of the House of Suplicação, and royal counselor; and fifteen year in Brazil (1557-72) as Governor General, a position he held until his death in 1572. The fact that he was the first jurist appointed to an overseas government, a role he held until his death, makes his case unique among other officials and his family. Unlike them, Mem de Sá never provided services in war or governance in Africa or India during overseas expansion. Ensuring the public authority of the Portuguese state in Brazil, his government had its foundations on justice, in both the French and Amerindian wars and in law. He sought to achieve political and administrative unity, as well as the effectiveness of settlement and wealth creation. These activities intersected with the colonization plan of the Crown, the Interests of the settlers, the Society of Jesus’s evangelization projects, and his own business interests related to merchant activity among European markets and Spanish America. Holder of a vast movable and immovable property empire, which increased throughout his time as governor, Mem de Sa was, at the time of his death, a rich man whose fortune became the dowry of Filipa de Sá, his daughter and heiress, allowing her access to titulatura through her marriage to Fernando de Noronha, the eldest son of, and heir to, the Counts of Linhares in 1573.