Academic literature on the topic 'Indirect interactions'

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Journal articles on the topic "Indirect interactions"

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Mahan, G. D., and Mark Mostoller. "Indirect Ionic Interactions." Physical Review Letters 57, no. 3 (July 21, 1986): 357–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.57.357.

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LEE, HYUNYONG, EDUARDO R. MUCCIOLO, GEORGES BOUZERAR, and STEFAN KETTEMANN. "INDIRECT EXCHANGE INTERACTIONS IN GRAPHENE." International Journal of Modern Physics: Conference Series 11 (January 2012): 177–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2010194512006095.

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We study the Ruderman-Kittel-Katsuya-Yoshida (RKKY) interactions in graphene controlling the gate voltage and applying nonmagnetic disorder. It is found that oscillations of the RKKY interactions in undoped graphene are characterized by the interference of two neighbor Dirac nodes K and K′ in the first Brillouin zone and decays with R-3 distance dependence. In the slightly doped graphene, a beating pattern, which consists of two characteristic wavevectors (K - K and kF), starts to appear. The distance dependence in this regime shows a crossover from the R-3 to R-2. We present the effect of weak disorder on the RKKY interactions in diffusive regime. The arithmetic averaged interaction over disorder configurations decreases exponentially at distances exceeding the elastic mean free path, while the geometrical average(typical) value has the same power-law as the clean limit.
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Xiao, Sa, and Richard Michalet. "Do indirect interactions always contribute to net indirect facilitation?" Ecological Modelling 268 (October 2013): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2013.07.029.

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Ghang, Whan, and Martin A. Nowak. "Indirect reciprocity with optional interactions." Journal of Theoretical Biology 365 (January 2015): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jtbi.2014.09.036.

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Heil, Martin. "Indirect defence via tritrophic interactions." New Phytologist 178, no. 1 (April 2008): 41–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8137.2007.02330.x.

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Rawat, Saurabh, Anushree Sah, and Ankur Dumka. "Direct-Indirect Link Matrix." International Journal of Information Technology Project Management 11, no. 4 (October 2020): 56–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijitpm.2020100105.

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Testing of software remains a fundamentally significant way to check that software behaves as required. Component-based software testing (CBST) is a crucial activity of component-based software development (CBSD) and is based on two crucial proportions: components testing by developers with the source code (e.g., system testing, integration testing, unit testing, etc.) and components testing by end users without source code (black box testing). This work proposes a black box testing technique that calculates the total number of interactions made by component-based software. This technique is helpful to identify the number of test cases for those components where availability of source code is questionable. On the basis of interaction among components, the authors draw a component-link graph and a direct-indirect-link matrix, which helps to calculate the number of interactions in component-based software.
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CHUA, HON NIAN, KANG NING, WING-KIN SUNG, HON WAI LEONG, and LIMSOON WONG. "USING INDIRECT PROTEIN–PROTEIN INTERACTIONS FOR PROTEIN COMPLEX PREDICTION." Journal of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology 06, no. 03 (June 2008): 435–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219720008003497.

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Protein complexes are fundamental for understanding principles of cellular organizations. As the sizes of protein–protein interaction (PPI) networks are increasing, accurate and fast protein complex prediction from these PPI networks can serve as a guide for biological experiments to discover novel protein complexes. However, it is not easy to predict protein complexes from PPI networks, especially in situations where the PPI network is noisy and still incomplete. Here, we study the use of indirect interactions between level-2 neighbors (level-2 interactions) for protein complex prediction. We know from previous work that proteins which do not interact but share interaction partners (level-2 neighbors) often share biological functions. We have proposed a method in which all direct and indirect interactions are first weighted using topological weight (FS-Weight), which estimates the strength of functional association. Interactions with low weight are removed from the network, while level-2 interactions with high weight are introduced into the interaction network. Existing clustering algorithms can then be applied to this modified network. We have also proposed a novel algorithm that searches for cliques in the modified network, and merge cliques to form clusters using a "partial clique merging" method. Experiments show that (1) the use of indirect interactions and topological weight to augment protein–protein interactions can be used to improve the precision of clusters predicted by various existing clustering algorithms; and (2) our complex-finding algorithm performs very well on interaction networks modified in this way. Since no other information except the original PPI network is used, our approach would be very useful for protein complex prediction, especially for prediction of novel protein complexes.
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Weikl, T. R. "Indirect interactions of membrane-adsorbed cylinders." European Physical Journal E 12, no. 2 (October 2003): 265–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1140/epje/i2003-10058-x.

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Okuyama, Toshinori, and Benjamin M. Bolker. "On quantitative measures of indirect interactions." Ecology Letters 10, no. 4 (April 2007): 264–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1461-0248.2007.01019.x.

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Roslin, Tomas, Helena Wirta, Tapani Hopkins, Bess Hardwick, and Gergely Várkonyi. "Indirect Interactions in the High Arctic." PLoS ONE 8, no. 6 (June 24, 2013): e67367. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0067367.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Indirect interactions"

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da, Silva Milton Barbosa. "Indirect interactions structuring ecological communities." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2016. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:4a093748-6192-4bbc-bf0f-854e909b47c0.

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Ecological communities are collections of species bound together by their influences on one another. Community structure, therefore, refers to the way in which these influences are organised. As a result, ecologists are mainly interested in the factors driving the structure, functioning, and persistence of communities. The traditional focus, however, has been on the feeding relationships among species (direct trophic interactions), whereas relationships mediated by a third species or the environment (indirect interactions) have been largely overlooked. I investigated the role of indirect interactions in structuring communities through a series of field experiments in a diverse assemblage of arthropods living on a Brazilian shrub species. I experimentally reduced the abundance of the commonest galler on the shrub and found that the perturbation resonated across the food web, affecting its structure and robustness. Since there was no potential for these effects to be propagated directly or indirectly via the documented trophic links, the effects must have spread non-trophically and/or through trophic links not included in the web. Thus, I investigated non-trophic propagation of effects in the system. I demonstrate that hatched galls of the commonest galler, which serve as habitat for other species, can mediate non-trophic interactions that feedback to the galler modifying its interactions with parasitoids and inquiline aphids. I performed further manipulative experiments, excluding ants, live galls and hatched galls, to reveal mechanisms for the non-trophic interaction modifications observed in this system. Finally, I explored how non-trophic interaction modification could affect the structure and stability of a discrete ecological community in the field. I investigated how the densities of certain pairs of groups relate to each other, and how their relationship changes in relation to a third group. Then, I assembled an "effect network" revealing, for the first time in an empirical community, a hidden web of non-trophic indirect interactions modifying the direct interactions and modifying each other. Overall, the thesis presents evidence that communities are strongly interconnected through non-trophic indirect interactions. This is one of the first empirical demonstrations of the context-dependent modification of interactions via non-trophic interactions. However, determining the mechanisms behind such interaction modifications may be unfeasible. Understanding how the observed effects relate to community structuring requires shifting our focus from bipartite interaction networks to a more holistic approach.
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Morris, Rebecca Jane. "Indirect interactions in insect communities." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.392402.

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Rott, Anja Sibylle. "Indirect interactions in host-parasitoid communities." Thesis, Imperial College London, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.243731.

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Dionysiou, Ioanna. "Dynamic and composable trust for indirect interactions." Online access for everyone, 2006. http://www.dissertations.wsu.edu/Dissertations/Summer2006/i%5Fdionysiou%5F072406.pdf.

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Lemos, Felipe de. "Indirect interactions in tomato attacked by Tetranychus evansi." Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 2015. http://www.locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/8352.

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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico
Plantas apresentam inúmeras estratégias de defesa direta e indireta contra herbívoros. As defesas diretas atuam sobre os herbívoros enquanto as defesas indiretas beneficiam os inimigos naturais dos herbívoros. Para maximizar o seu fitness, plantas sob ataque de herbívoros fazem uso de ambas estratégias de defesa simultaneamente. No entanto, alguns herbívoros têm se adaptado para lidar com as defesas de plantas e o ácaro vermelho Tetranychus evansi é um exemplo. Esse herbívoro é capaz de manipular a defesa direta de plantas de tomate em seu próprio benefício. Nesta tese, foram investigados aspectos das interações indiretas entre plantas de tomate atacadas por T. evansi e os inimigos naturais de T. evansi, embora algumas interações diretas entre plantas e herbívoros e herbívoros e predadores também foram estudadas. No primeiro capítulo, foi investigado a influência da planta hospedeira na inadequação de T. evansi como alimento para o ácaros predador Phytoseiulus persimilis. Observou-se que a inadequação de T. evansi como alimento para esse predador não está relacionada com a planta hospedeira do herbívoro. No entanto, o efeito negativo da dieta de T. evansi no desempenho do ácaro predador foi reversível, indicando a ausência de um efeito tóxico ao longo prazo. No segundo capítulo, estudou-se como T. evansi poderia interferir com a defesa indirera de tomateiros pela indução de voláteis e atração de ácaros predadores. Foi observado que T. evansi induz a produção de compostos voláteis que são diferentes dos presentes na mistura produzida por plantas atacadas por Tetranychus urticae. Entretanto, a atratividade dos ácaros predadores (P. persimilis, Phytoseiulus longipes and Phytoseiulus macropilis) por odores de tomateiros atacados por T. evansi foi variável com a densidade de infestação de herbívoros. No terceiro capítulo desta tese, explorou-se a capacidade do ácaro predador P. macropilis em aprender a associar odores de plantas atacadas por T. evansi com a qualidade da presa. Juvenis de P. macropilis não se desenvolveram até a fase adulta, quando alimentados com ovos de T. evansi. No entanto, adultos de P. macropilis não evitaram voláteis de plantas atacadas por T. evansi mesmo após quatro dias consecutivos de experiência com essa presa de baixa qualidade. Em conclusão, estes resultados confirmam a notável capacidade de T. evansi em manipular a defesa de sua planta hospedeira e contornar a ameaça de inimigos naturais. A interação indireta entre ácaros predadores e plantas de tomateiro infestados com T. evansi é prejudicada pela indução diferencial de voláteis que enganam os ácaros predadores.
Plants employs an array of direct and indirect strategies of defence against herbivores. Direct defence acts upon the herbivores, while indirect defence benefits the natural enemies of the herbivores. To maximize their fitness, plants under attack of herbivores are predicted to simultaneously make use of both direct and indirect defence. However, some herbivores have adapted to cope with plant defences. The red spider mite Tetranychus evansi was found to manipulate the direct defence of tomato plants to their own benefit. In this thesis, I focus on investigating indirect interactions between tomato plants attacked by T. evansi and their natural enemies, although some direct interactions between plants and herbivores and herbivores and predators were also studied. First, I studied the influence of host plant on the unsuitability of T. evansi as food for the predatory mite Phytoseiulus persimilis. I observed that this unsuitability was not related with the herbivore’s host plant. The negative effect of T. evansi on the performance of predatory mites was reversible, indicating the absence of long- term toxic effects of prey on the predator. In the second chapter, I studied how T. evansi interferes with the indirect defence of tomato plants through induction of volatiles and attraction of predatory mites. I observed that damage by T. evansi induces the production of volatile organic compounds that are different from those present in the attractive blend of volatiles induced by Tetranychus urticae. The attractiveness of odours from tomato plants infested with T. evansi to predatory mites (P. persimilis, Phytoseiulus longipes and Phytoseiulus macropilis) varied with the density of mites on the plant. In the third chapter of this thesis, I explored the capacity of the predatory mite P. macropilis to learn to associate odours from plants infested with T. evansi with prey quality. Juveniles of P. macropilis were show to perform poorly when fed with eggs of T. evansi. However, adults of P. macropilis did not avoid odours from plants infested with T. evansi, even after four consecutive days of experience with the poor quality prey. In conclusion, these results confirm the remarkable ability of T. evansi to manipulate the plant defence and circumvent the threat of natural enemies. The indirect interaction between predatory mites and tomato plants infested with T. evansi is impaired by the differential induction of volatiles that mislead the predatory mites.
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Baker, Christopher CM. "Complexity in Mutualisms: Indirect Interactions With Multiple Parties." Thesis, Harvard University, 2015. http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:23845506.

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Ant-plants provide ants with rewards such as housing and food in exchange for protection from herbivores. These protection mutualisms are complex webs of both direct interactions, such as ants feeding on host plant extrafloral nectar, and indirect interactions mediated by 'third party' species, such as ants consuming exudates from hemipterans feeding on the host plant. While some indirect interactions are well understood, in many cases our understanding is hindered by an incomplete picture of the relevant third-party species. In this dissertation, I explore third-party interactions of three obligately phytoecious ant species on the African ant-plant Vachellia drepanolobium (formerly Acacia drepanolobium) - Crematogaster mimosae, C. nigriceps and Tetraponera penzigi. First, I examine relationships between ants and fungi. I show behavioral differences towards fungi among the three ant species, and then use multiplexed amplicon sequencing to characterize their associated fungal communities. Each ant species harbors its own distinctive fungal community, and these communities are similar for each species even at two field sites separated by 200 kilometers. The ants may vector fungi when they colonize new host trees. T. penzigi most likely uses fungi as a food source, and fungi may also have nutritional or other growth implications for the host plant. Second, I investigate relationships between ants and 'myrmecophiles' - i.e. 'ant loving' arthropods that live alongside ants in the domatia. I show that myrmecophile communities differ among the three ant species, but are also highly context dependent, differing strongly between locations and sampling periods. Surprisingly, several species of myrmecophilous Lepidoptera are herbivorous, but are more commonly associated with the 'better' ant mutualists, C. mimosae, whose workers defend more effectively against browsing mammalian herbivores. My results show that plant ants shape both fungal communities and myrmecophile communities in domatia of their V. drepanolobium host plants. These third-party species may be viewed as 'extended phenotypes' of the ants, and are essential elements whose effects need to be incorporated into our understanding of the ant-plant protection mutualism.
Biology, Organismic and Evolutionary
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Barber, Nicholas A. "Tritrophic interactions in forests direct and indirect interactions between birds, insect herbivores, and oaks /." Diss., St. Louis, Mo. : University of Missouri--St. Louis, 2009. http://etd.umsl.edu/r3561.

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Valbuena-Gonzalo, Carlos. "The Importance of Trait Mediated Indirect Interactions in Marine Ecosystems." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för ekologi, miljö och geovetenskap, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-163445.

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The importance of Trait Mediated Indirect Interactions (TMII) is increasingly being recognized. TMII are interactions between two species via a change in trait (behavioural, morphological, but not numerical) over a third one, which together cause ecological dynamics. Marine food webs have complex interactions, but TMII have not yet received great appreciation or application in marine conservation and management models. This article is a review about the different ways in which TMII can affect marine ecological dynamics. I summarize known examples of Behaviourally Mediated Indirect Interactions, Physiologically Mediated Indirect Interactions, and other types of indirect interactions such as initiated or mediated by parasites, in order to provide a better understanding about their functioning. I found that TMII are omnipresent in marine ecosystems and occur at all trophic levels, spanning from macro- to microorganisms. Furthermore, it includes many different taxa and guilds, and the mechanisms are highly diverse. Some of them enhance Density Mediated Effects, while others counteract them. Sometimes this results in the effects opposite of those expected, and often they extend further in the food web. Understanding of TMII is likely to be beneficial for marine conservation and management, due to the role of humans causing them or suffering its effects.
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Stenberg, Johan. "Trophic, Indirect, and Evolutionary Interactions in a Plant–Herbivore–Parasitoid System." Doctoral thesis, Umeå universitet, Ekologi, miljö och geovetenskap, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-1490.

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The aim of this thesis project was to elucidate patterns and processes associated with the biotic interactions in a natural plant–herbivore–parasitoid food web characterized by spatial and temporal heterogeneity with regard to species composition. The system examined is based on island populations of the perennial herb Meadowsweet (Filipendula ulmaria, Rosaceae), located in the Skeppsvik Archipelago. The area is subject to isostatic rebound, amounting to 0.85 cm per year; this makes it possible to calculate the age of the rising islands. Meadowsweet colonizes new islands when they are about 100 years old. Meadowsweet is consumed by two major herbivores in the study area: Galerucella tenella and Altica engstroemi (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae). Both herbivores overwinter in the topsoil and successful colonization occurs when the islands reach a height that prevents the beetles from being removed or killed as a result of wave wash during the winter. I found that both herbivores significantly reduced individual plant fitness and population growth rate. A “cafeteria experiment” with Galerucella showed that this beetle discriminated between plants from different islands, avoiding plants from old islands which contained high concentrations of putative defence compounds, while readily accepting plants from younger islands which contained lower concentrations of these chemicals. Further, the plant species exhibited a trade-off between growth and production of the putative defence compounds. Taken together, these results were interpreted as providing evidence of herbivore-driven evolution of resistance in Meadowsweet. Further, laboratory studies suggested that Galerucella gradually includes a less preferred host plant (Rubus arcticus, Rosaceae) in its diet as Meadowsweet resistance increases. This implies that Galerucella drives its own host-breadth enlargement by selectively inducing a ‘rent rise’ in the original host, Meadowsweet. In a number of field studies I showed that the oligophagous parasitoid Asecodes mento (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) has a strong positive effect on Meadowsweet seed set by removing large numbers of G. tenella larvae. This top-down effect is, however, altered by the presence of a close relative of G. tenella, namely G. calmariensis, which is monophagous on Purple loosestrife (Lythrum salicaria, Lythraceae). G. tenella experiences associational susceptibility when coexisting with G. calmariensis since the latter supports a higher and more fit pool of shared parasitoids and because Meadowsweet attracts a higher proportion of the shared parasitoid females than Purple loosestrife. This implies that G. tenella densities are very low in coexisting populations and that Meadowsweet experiences associational resistance and produces more seeds when co-occurring with Purple loosestrife. Thus, selection for increased resistance in Meadowsweet is likely to be relaxed in populations mixed with Purple loosestrife. I conclude that the evolution of plant resistance is likely to depend on the length of time and intensity of selection. When Meadowsweet colonizes new islands it experiences a period of enemy-free space; followed by a midlife and ageing with selection by herbivores. The intensity of this selection does, however, depend on the presence of additional plant and herbivore species.
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Stenberg, Johan A. "Trophic, indirect, and evolutionary interactions in a plant-herbivore-parasitoid system /." Umeå : Department of Ecology and Environmental Science, Umeå University, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-1490.

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Books on the topic "Indirect interactions"

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Ohgushi, Takayuki, Oswald Schmitz, and Robert D. Holt, eds. Trait-Mediated Indirect Interactions. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cbo9780511736551.

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Ecology and evolution of trait-mediated indirect interactions: Linking evolution, community, and ecosystems. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2012.

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Walker, L. J. Guidelines for the assessment of indirect and cumulative impacts as well as impact interactions. [S.l.]: Hyder, 1999.

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Parr, S. Study on the assessment of indirect and cumulative impacts as well as impact interactions. [S.l.]: Hyder, 1999.

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Parr, S. Study on the assessment of indirect and cumulative impacts as well as impact interactions. [S.l.]: Hyder, 1999.

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Expressing opinions in French and Australian English discourse: A semantic and interactional analysis. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Pub. Co., 2010.

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Redewiedergabeverfahren in der Interaktion: Individuelle Variation bei der Verwendung einer kommunikativen Ressource. Heidelberg: Universitätsverlag Winter, 2015.

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Traitmediated Indirect Interactions Ecology And Evolution Perspectives. Cambridge University Press, 2012.

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(Editor), Elizabeth Holt, and Rebecca Clift (Editor), eds. Reporting Talk: Reported Speech in Interaction (Studies in Interactional Sociolinguistics). Cambridge University Press, 2007.

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Ecological Communities: Plant Mediation in Indirect Interaction Webs. Cambridge University Press, 2007.

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Book chapters on the topic "Indirect interactions"

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Vandermeer, John, and Ivette Perfecto. "Trait-mediated indirect interactions." In Ecological Complexity and Agroecology, 178–99. Abingdon, Oxon ; New York, NY : Routledge, 2017.: Routledge, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315313696-8.

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Pennings, Steven C. "Indirect Interactions on Coral Reefs." In Life and Death of Coral Reefs, 249–72. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-5995-5_11.

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Allen, Warwick J. "Indirect biotic interactions of plant invasions with native plants and animals." In Plant invasions: the role of biotic interactions, 308–23. Wallingford: CABI, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789242171.0308.

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Abstract Invasive plants often occur at high densities and tend to be highly generalist in their interactions with herbivores, pathogens, mycorrhiza, endophytes and pollinators. These characteristics mean that invasive plants should frequently participate in diverse indirect biotic interactions with the surrounding community, mediated by their direct interaction partners (e.g. antagonists and mutualists). Indirect interactions play an important role in many ecological processes, yet we still lack a systematic understanding of the circumstances under which they influence the success and impacts of invasive species. In this chapter, I first describe several of the indirect interaction pathways that are commonly encountered in invasion biology and review their contribution to the impacts of plant invasions on co-occurring species. The literature review revealed that there are now many case studies describing various indirect impacts of invasive plants. However, identical interaction motifs (e.g. plant-enemy-plant, plant-mutualist-plant) can bring about several possible outcomes, depending upon each species' provenance, relative abundances and interaction strengths, abiotic resource availability, spatial and temporal scale and the influence of other species. Moreover, knowledge gaps identified include a lack of studies of indirect facilitation outside of plant-pollinator systems, limited consideration of indirect invader impacts on other non-native species, and the scarcity of generalizable results to date. Second, I integrate the literature with some trending research areas in invasion biology (interaction networks, biogeography, invasion dynamics) and identify some potential future research directions. Finally, I discuss how knowledge about indirect biotic interactions could be incorporated into the management of invasive plants.
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Rosen, Mordecai D. "Indirect Drive at the NIF Scale." In Laser-Plasma Interactions and Applications, 185–219. Heidelberg: Springer International Publishing, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-00038-1_8.

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Hacksell, Uli, Anette M. Johansson, Anders Karlén, and Charlotta Mellin. "Indirect Modelling of Drug-Receptor Interactions." In Bioorganic Chemistry in Healthcare and Technology, 135–47. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-1354-0_11.

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Shaw, Joseph, and Christopher Stubbs. "Indirect Detection of Ligand Binding by Thermal Melt Analysis." In Protein-Ligand Interactions, 201–15. New York, NY: Springer US, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-1197-5_8.

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Kuebbing, Sara E. "How direct and indirect non-native interactions can promote plant invasions, lead to invasional meltdown and inform management decisions." In Plant invasions: the role of biotic interactions, 153–76. Wallingford: CABI, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789242171.0153.

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Abstract In 1999, Daniel Simberloff and Betsy Von Holle introduced the term 'invasional meltdown'. The term and the concept have been embraced and critiqued but have taken a firm hold within the invasion biology canon. The original formulation of the concept argued two key points: first, biologists rarely study how non-natives interact with one another. Second, nearly all the conceptual models about the success and impact of invasive species are predicated on the importance of competitive interactions and an implicit assumption that non-natives should interfere with establishment, spread and impact of other non-natives. In response, Simberloff and Von Holle called for more research on invader interactions and proposed an alternative consequence of non-native species interactions - invasional meltdown - where facilitative interactions among non-natives could increase the invasion rate or ecological impacts in invaded systems. This chapter outlines the primary pathways in which direct and indirect interactions among non-natives could lead to invasional meltdown. It provides examples of how different types of interactions among non-natives could lead to net positive effects on the invasion success of non-native plants or the impact of non-native plants on invaded ecosystems. Direct effects are by far the most commonly explored form of non-native- non- native interaction, primarily focusing on plant mutualisms with pollinators, seed dispersers or soil microbial mutualists. There are, however, also examples of non-native plants that benefit from commensal and even herbivorous interactions with other non-natives. Indirect interactions among non-natives are very infrequently studied. Although examples are scarce, non-natives may indirectly benefit other non-native plants through trophic cascades, apparent competition and indirect mutualisms. It remains unclear whether indirect effects are important pathways to invasional meltdown. More work is needed on studying ecosystems that are invaded by multiple non-native species and we need to consider the full range of interactions among non-natives that could either stymie or promote their spread, population growth and impact. Only then can we address how common facilitative interactions are relative to competitive interactions among non-natives or provide robust suggestions on how to manage ecosystems.
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Tiku, Anupama Razdan. "Direct and Indirect Defence Against Insects." In Plant-Pest Interactions: From Molecular Mechanisms to Chemical Ecology, 157–92. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-2467-7_8.

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Gordân, Raluca, Alexander J. Hartemink, and Martha L. Bulyk. "Distinguishing Direct versus Indirect Transcription Factor-DNA Interactions." In Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 574. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-12683-3_39.

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Rossi, Mauro, Dino Torri, Elisa Santi, Giovanni Bacaro, Ivan Marchesini, Alessandro Cesare Mondini, and Giulia Felicioni. "Slope Dynamics and Climatic Change Through Indirect Interactions." In Engineering Geology for Society and Territory - Volume 1, 551–55. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-09300-0_103.

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Conference papers on the topic "Indirect interactions"

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LEE, HYUNYONG, EDUARDO R. MUCCIOLO, GEORGES BOUZERAR, and STEFAN KETTEMANN. "INDIRECT EXCHANGE INTERACTIONS IN GRAPHENE." In Proceedings of the Satellite Conference of LT 26. WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789814436861_0023.

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de Boer, Wim, Pyungwon Ko, and Deog Ki Hong. "Indirect Dark Matter Signals." In SUPERSYMMETRY AND THE UNIFICATION OF FUNDAMENTAL INTERACTIONS. AIP, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3051890.

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Ibarra, Alejandro, Pyungwon Ko, and Deog Ki Hong. "Indirect Signatures of Gravitino Dark Matter." In SUPERSYMMETRY AND THE UNIFICATION OF FUNDAMENTAL INTERACTIONS. AIP, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3051892.

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Choksy, D. J., Chao Xu, M. M. Fogler, L. V. Butov, J. Norman, and A. C. Gossard. "Dipolar interactions in bilayers of indirect excitons." In CLEO: Applications and Technology. Washington, D.C.: OSA, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/cleo_at.2021.jtu3a.37.

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Nacher, Vicente, Alfredo Ferreira, Javier Jaen, and Fernando Garcia-Sanjuan. "Are Kindergarten Children Ready for Indirect Drag Interactions?" In ISS '16: 2016 ACM International Conference on Interactive Surfaces and Spaces. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2992154.2992186.

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Choksy, Darius, Leonid Butov, Justin Norman, and Arthur Gossard. "Interactions between indirect excitons in separate coupled quantum wells." In CLEO: Applications and Technology. Washington, D.C.: OSA, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/cleo_at.2020.jth2f.18.

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Muddana, Hari, Jyothi Guntupalli, and Chaitanya Polapragada. "Elimination of indirect regulatory interactions in gene network inference." In 2006 IEEE International Workshop on Genomic Signal Processing and Statistics. IEEE, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/gensips.2006.353165.

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Chua, Hon Nian, Kang Ning, Wing-Kin Sung, Hon Wai Leong, and Limsoon Wong. "USING INDIRECT PROTEIN-PROTEIN INTERACTIONS FOR PROTEIN COMPLEX PREDICTION." In Proceedings of the CSB 2007 Conference. PUBLISHED BY IMPERIAL COLLEGE PRESS AND DISTRIBUTED BY WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBLISHING CO., 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9781860948732_0014.

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Ricci, M., George Alverson, Pran Nath, and Brent Nelson. "Dark Matter Indirect Search: The PAMELA Experiment." In SUSY09: 7th International Conference on Supersymmetry and the Unification of Fundamental Interactions. AIP, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3327775.

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Nussbaum, Frank, and Joachim Giesen. "Disentangling Direct and Indirect Interactions in Polytomous Item Response Theory Models." In Twenty-Ninth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Seventeenth Pacific Rim International Conference on Artificial Intelligence {IJCAI-PRICAI-20}. California: International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2020/310.

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Measurement is at the core of scientific discovery. However, some quantities, such as economic behavior or intelligence, do not allow for direct measurement. They represent latent constructs that require surrogate measurements. In other scenarios, non-observed quantities can influence the variables of interest. In either case, models with latent variables are needed. Here, we investigate fused latent and graphical models that exhibit continuous latent variables and discrete observed variables. These models are characterized by a decomposition of the pairwise interaction parameter matrix into a group-sparse component of direct interactions and a low-rank component of indirect interactions due to the latent variables. We first investigate when such a decomposition is identifiable. Then, we show that fused latent and graphical models can be recovered consistently from data in the high-dimensional setting. We support our theoretical findings with experiments on synthetic and real-world data from polytomous item response theory studies.
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