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Journal articles on the topic 'Indirect order of words'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 2 June 2025

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Pardayeva, Madikhabonu Kh. "ACTIVE USE OF PURE UZBEK WORDS AND APPENDIXES IN THE COMIC WORKS OF ABDULLA QADIRI." CURRENT RESEARCH JOURNAL OF PHILOLOGICAL SCIENCES 03, no. 01 (2020): 73–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.37547/philological-crjps-03-01-12.

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It is analyzed that Abdullah Qadiri used Uzbek words and suffixes that not available in Uzbek dictionary contents, but can be actively used today, especially, in his comic works Uzbek words are more than others and also some examples that in order to reveal the character of the roles he also used indirect speech when is necessary.

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Vakil, Eli, Moshe Weise, and Shmuel Enbar. "Direct and Indirect Memory Measures of Temporal Order: Younger versus Older Adults." International Journal of Aging and Human Development 45, no. 3 (1997): 195–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/n54r-9q1m-27f3-gtry.

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The memory changes associated with age are attributed to the deterioration of the frontal lobes, as well as to the middle temporal structures. Therefore, in addition to a decline in memory for facts and events, as found impaired in amnesics, a memory decline associated with age is predicted for tasks typically found impaired in frontal lobe patients (i.e., temporal order judgment). There are conflicting findings concerning whether indirect measures of memory for facts and events are associated with age. However, there are no studies that address this issue with regard to temporal order judgmen

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О.О., Шухова. "КВАНТИТАТИВНІ ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКИ ПОРЯДКУ СЛІВ У ТЕКСТАХ СУЧАСНОЇ УКРАЇНСЬКОЇ ХУДОЖНЬОЇ ПРОЗИ (на матеріалі простих двоскладних речень)". Збірник наукових праць ХНПУ імені Г.С. Сковороди "Лінгвістичні дослідження", № 44 (7 листопада 2016): 90–96. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.165077.

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The topicality of the article is connected with the absence of investigations of word order in different registers of Ukrainian in modern linguistics. The aim of the article is to find out the peculiarities of quantitative expression of different word order types in simple two-member sentences excerpted from modern Ukrainian belles-lettres texts using the method of total sampling. To reach this aim the following objectives have been set: to give the statistics of the occurrence of different word order in simple twomember sentences, to analyse the peculiarities of the order of words in differen

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Шухова, Оксана Олександрівна. "КВАНТИТАТИВНІ ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКИ ПОРЯДКУ СЛІВ У ТЕКСТАХ СУЧАСНИХ УКРАЇНСЬКИХ ГАЗЕТ (на матеріалі простих двоскладних речень)". Збірник наукових праць ХНПУ імені Г.С. Сковороди "Лінгвістичні дослідження", № 40 (28 жовтня 2015): 59–65. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.32824.

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<em>The topicality of the article is connected with the fact that in modern linguistics particular aspects of the word order problem have not been researched enough. The aim of the article is to find out the regularities of quantitative expression of different types of Ukrainian word order in modern newspaper texts. To reach this aim the following objectives are set: to give the statistics of the occurrence of simple two-member sentences with different order of words, to analyse the dependence of the word order on the kinds of newspaper texts. In the process of the investigation it has been fo

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Abdulsafi, Adnan Saeed Thabet Abdulsafi &. Ali Salim Awadh. "Translation Difficulties of Polysemous Words from English into Arabic: A Case Study of Yemeni EFL University Students." Albaydha University Journal 3, no. 3 (2022): 120–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.56807/buj.v3i3.222.

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This research paper aims to shed light on one of the Arabic-speaking EFL learners' lexical problems, concerning translating words used in context from English into Arabic. It focused on translating polysemous words when they are used both in their direct core and indirect secondary meanings. In order to investigate this problem, a translation test was administered to a sample comprised 28 male and female students studying English at the Faculty of Education- Yafea, University of Aden, Yemen. The test consisted of 10 English sentences used to collect quantitative data from the participants. Eac

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Yulia, Nova. "FUNGSI DAN PERAN TINDAK TUTUR IMPERATIF TIDAK LANGSUNG DALAM BAHASA JEPANG." Lingua Didaktika: Jurnal Bahasa dan Pembelajaran Bahasa 9, no. 1 (2015): 46. http://dx.doi.org/10.24036/ld.v9i1.6260.

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By using the indirect imperative speech acts, someone can give an order to other people without making the other person feel that he/she is being ordered or demeaned. However, sometimes the other person does not understand the meaning or message conveyed by the speaker. It can be based on the intention to keep the feeling of the partner in speaking in order not to feel like being ordered. Japanese language has a lot of forms of indirect speech imperative which are expressed pragmatically. This paper presents various forms of indirect speech imperative in Japanese language and when the utteranc

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Kaibyldaeva, N., and M. Dzhumaeva. "Ways of Translation Antitheses From Kyrgyz Into English (Based on Fictions)." Bulletin of Science and Practice 10, no. 2 (2024): 640–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.33619/2414-2948/99/76.

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Antithesis is a stylistic figure based on a sharp contrast of images and concepts. Antithesis is a word that has an indirect meaning of antonyms, and it is necessary to pay attention to antonyms in order to consider it. Antithesis is a contrast, complementation, a sharp contrast of concepts, positions, images, situations created on the basis of words with opposite meanings, with words and phrases connected.

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Megah, Suswanto Ismadi. "POLITENESS STRATEGIES IN JAVANESE INDIRECT OFFER USED BY PROSTITUTES IN SURABAYA." Kajian Linguistik dan Sastra 20, no. 2 (2008): 79–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.23917/kls.v20i2.4958.

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Politeness becomes important in speech when what is about to be said has the potential to threaten the Hearer’s face. Often in communication it is necessary to say something that would threaten the other person’s face. In other words, Face Threatening Acts (FTA) are committed when the speech behavior is going to po- tentially fail to meet the Hearer’s positive or negative face needs. Doing FTA is a normal speech behavior and is not seen as a problem in itself. The problem arises when the FTA fails to be executed appropriately in order to mitigate potential problems that could result from doing

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Perler, Dominik. "Direkte und indirekte Bezeichnung. Die metaphysischen Hintergründe einer semantischen Debatte im Spätmittelalter." Bochumer Philosophisches Jahrbuch für Antike und Mittelalter 4 (December 31, 1999): 125–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/bpjam.4.07per.

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Abstract Late medieval philosophers in the Aristotelian tradition developed two theoretical models in order to explain the signication of words. Some - including Thomas Aquinas - claimed that spoken words immediately signify concepts, but extramental things only mediately, while others - such as William of Ockham - held the view that they immediately signify things. The present essay analyzes these two semantic models, paying particular attention to their metaphysical and epistemological background. It shows that the «indirect signication model» defended by Thomas is not a model committed to r

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Noelia Estévez-Rionegro. "CEILE: A Corpus of Free Indirect Style in Spanish—Structure, Development and Practical Application." Forum for Linguistic Studies 6, no. 6 (2024): 76–83. https://doi.org/10.30564/fls.v6i6.6630.

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Free indirect style is grammatically defined as a type of discourse typically used in literary texts which combines features of both direct and indirect style. Deictic elements corresponding to the narrator and to the characters overlap in free indirect style, with no specification as to whether the transcribed words refer to the former or the latter. Its unique aspects have caused some specialists to raise controversial issues in terms of characterising this structure. Part of the limitations of previous studies stem from the fact that they have been based on examples taken from specific work

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Novesar, Muhammad Refki. "Keterlibatan Variabel Gaya Belajar Dalam Mempengaruhi Hubungan Motivasi Belajar Terhadap Hasil Belajar Mahasiswa." Jurnal Orientasi Bisnis dan Entrepreneurship (JOBS) 2, no. 2 (2021): 86–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.33476/jobs.v2i2.2051.

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The process of knowledge transfer in the world of higher education, with the existence of an independent campus, where students must be more active, it becomes one of the factors students can maximize all abilities to get the best results, by creating motivation and maximizing learning styles. This study uses three variables, namely the independent variable is learning motivation, the dependent variable is learning outcomes, and the intervening variable is learning. This research uses path technique analysis, in order to influence directly and indirectly. With the object of research are active

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Peodjosoedarmo, Soepomo. "TEORI TATA BAHASA UNIVERSAL." Kajian Linguistik dan Sastra 17, no. 2 (2017): 109–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.23917/kls.v17i2.4491.

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The main aim of this writing is to formulate the theory of universal grammar. The formulation made is taken form discussion on a close look at the universal grammar which of summary proposed by Greenberg and Hawkins. The items being searched are not about elements such as subject, predicate, object respectively in sentence, but the categories of words for example (N) (V) in forming a simple sentence.the result of discussing universal grammar shows that (1) Chomsky's model universal grammar; (2) Greenberg's model of universal grammar devides languages in the world into three types of universal

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Röder, Brigitte, Tobias Schicke, Oliver Stock, Gwen Heberer, Helen Neville, and Frank Rösler. "Word order effects in German sentences and German pseudo-word sentences." Sprache & Kognition 19, no. 1/2 (2000): 31–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1024//0253-4533.19.12.31.

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Summary: German belongs to those languages that allow a free permutation of subject, direct object and indirect object in verb final sentences. Five linear precedence (LP) principles have been postulated to describe preference patterns for the different word orders ( Uszkoreit, 1986 ). The present study tested if these rules are valid for meaningful German sentences only or also hold for pseudo-word sentences, i.e., if they are independent of semantic language aspects. Twelve students saw sentences in six different but legal word orders and in one illegal word order, either with normal German

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Borrino, E. M., and W. Powell. "Stomatal guard cell length as an indictor of ploidy in microspore-derived plants of barley." Genome 30, no. 2 (1988): 158–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/g88-027.

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A cytological examination of 96 microspore-derived barley genotypes indicated that haploid and diploid progeny were produced in approximately equal proportions. In order to discriminate between haploid and nonhaploid derivatives, indirect ploidy evaluation techniques were examined. Stomatal guard cell length provided a convenient and reliable method for classifying microspore-derived plants into haploid, diploid, and tetraploid groups.Key words: haploid, microspore, ploidy level, guard cell, stomata, Hordeum vulgare L.

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Park, Yejong, and Changgeun Yun. "Innovative Behavior and Performance in the Public Sector: Determinants of Innovative Behavior and Their Impacts on Performance." Korean Association of Governance Studies 32, no. 3 (2022): 63–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.26847/mspa.2022.32.3.63.

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In modern society, where uncertainty has increased due to COVID-19, innovation has become an important keyword. However, it is not easy to find innovative behavior in the public sector. According to the Public Employee Perception Survey, innovative behavior of Korean civil servants has decreased from 3.44 in 2019 (before COVID-19) to 3.33 in 2021 (after COVID-19). This study aims to examine the innovative behavior of civil servants, especially focusing on impacts of management factors (change management, performance management) and motivation factors (public service motivation, compensation) o

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Kang, Yue, Ying Lu, and Se Wang. "Study on the Direct and Indirect Photolysis of Antibacterial Florfenicol in Water Using DFT/TDDFT Method and Comparison of Its Reactivity with Hydroxyl Radical under the Effect of Metal Ions." Toxics 12, no. 2 (2024): 127. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxics12020127.

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Florfenicol (FLO) is a widely used antibacterial drug, which is often detected in the environment. In this paper, the photolysis mechanism of FLO in water was investigated using density functional theory (DFT) and time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT). The focus of the study is to elucidate the direct photolysis mechanism of FLO in the water environment and the indirect photolysis of free radicals (·OH, ·NO3, and ·SO4−) as active species. The effect of metal ions Ca2+/Mg2+/Zn2+ on the indirect photolysis was also investigated. The results show that the direct photolysis of FLO invol

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Nazar, Amna, Muhammad Bader Munir, Aamir Rafiq, Saira Khalid, and Hammad Hassan. "Success of Veneers with Indirect Resin Composite." Pakistan Journal of Medical and Health Sciences 15, no. 12 (2021): 3619–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.53350/pjmhs2115123619.

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Objective: To evaluate the success of veneers fabricated with indirect resin composite (Ceramage). Method: This Descriptive Case Series was completed at de’ Montmorency college of dentistry/Punjab Dental Hospital, Lahore over the period of 6 months from Jul 2018 to Jan 2019. Patients fulfilling the inclusion criteria of the study were selected. After the informed consent, pre-operative radiographs of the teeth to be veneered were taken to rule out any caries activity or periapical pathology. A total of 60 veneers were fabricated with indirect resin composite. Patients were followed up with 6 m

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Datla, Kavita Saraswathi. "The Origins of Indirect Rule in India: Hyderabad and the British Imperial Order." Law and History Review 33, no. 2 (2015): 321–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0738248015000115.

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The main problem with the orthodox account of modern world politics is that it describes only one of these patterns of international order: the one that was dedicated to the pursuit of peaceful coexistence between equal and mutually independent sovereigns, which developed within the Westphalian system and the European society of states....Orthodox theorists have paid far too little attention to the other pattern of international order, which evolved during roughly the same period of time, but beyond rather than within Europe; not through relations between Europeans, but through relations betwe

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Hanna, A. W., G. Ambrosii, and A. D. McConnell. "Investigation of a coarse alluvial foundation for an embankment dam." Canadian Geotechnical Journal 23, no. 2 (1986): 203–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/t86-030.

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Investigation of the coarse alluvial foundation for the Pichi Picun Leufu embankment dam is described and evaluated. Direct and indirect investigation methods are compared and an assessment is made of their relative adequacy in order to gain a realistic understanding of foundation conditions. Indirect methods—dynamic cone penetration testing and shear wave velocity measurement—calibrated by comparative testing in a test embankment, have been found to provide a satisfactory means of evaluating the density of thick alluvial deposits below the water table. Relationships of relative density, penet

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Seuss, Hannes, Peter Dankerl, Matthias Ihle, et al. "Semi-automated De-identification of German Content Sensitive Reports for Big Data Analytics." RöFo - Fortschritte auf dem Gebiet der Röntgenstrahlen und der bildgebenden Verfahren 189, no. 07 (2017): 661–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0043-102939.

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Purpose Projects involving collaborations between different institutions require data security via selective de-identification of words or phrases. A semi-automated de-identification tool was developed and evaluated on different types of medical reports natively and after adapting the algorithm to the text structure. Materials and Methods A semi-automated de-identification tool was developed and evaluated for its sensitivity and specificity in detecting sensitive content in written reports. Data from 4671 pathology reports (4105 + 566 in two different formats), 2804 medical reports, 1008 opera

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Jullian, Paula M. "Appraising through someone else’s words: The evaluative power of quotations in news reports." Discourse & Society 22, no. 6 (2011): 766–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0957926511411697.

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This article explores the inclusion of external voices in news reports, especially looking at the way these are exploited for appraising purposes. It is argued that attributions are not evaluation outlets for sources only, but indirect means of appraisal for the journalists as well, who support – and reinforce – the points they want to make through these voices. In this way, quotations help them imprint their personal views on the events and ultimately serve an ideological function in the text. The study compares the use of attributed material in various pieces of online news reporting on the

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Mijaljevic, Katarina. "UTICAJ NOVINARSKOG ŽANRA NA PRENOŠENjE TUĐEG GOVORA U NOVINSKI MEDIJ." Lipar, no. 71 (April 2020): 291–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.46793/lipar71.291m.

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Inclusion of others’ words into authorial discourse is actually the transmission of someone else’s speech. Forms of the journalistic style of writing are used in order for transmission of other people’s speech to have the same expressive value as to readers of newspaper media. In the introductory part we present the importance and role of journalistic style of writing in transferring someone else’s speech into newspapers. The paper also discusses two grammaticalized types of conveying another’s speech - direct and indirect - from daily newspapers published in the Republic of Serbia. We will pa

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Yassine, Ladjal. "Standardization of a test to evaluate the ability to read and diagnose its difficulties for a child of 7 to 10 years in the Arabic-Algerian linguistic environment." Technium Social Sciences Journal 31 (May 9, 2022): 489–507. http://dx.doi.org/10.47577/tssj.v31i1.6394.

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The article deals with the psychometric procedural steps for constructing and standardizing a test to assess the reading abilities of the schooled child in the primary stage and diagnose reading disability (dyslexia). The test was standardized on a total sample of 280 male and female students between the ages of 7 to 10 years. based on the dual reading model of Coltheart [1], [2] and the L'Alouette text test by researcher Lefevrais [3], [4].The experimental method was adopted to ascertain the psychometric stages represented mainly in the validity and reliability of the scale items. Which inclu

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Žurauskaitė, Eglė. "Expressing Impoliteness in Political TV Debates." Lietuvių kalba, no. 16 (December 30, 2021): 153–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.15388/lk.2021.8.

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This article examines impoliteness in political TV debates in Lithuania. Study adopts qualitative and quantitative content analysis method to analyze 720 minutes of political debates broadcasted before the 2016 Lithuanian Parliamentary elections. Current paper presents theoretical approach to impoliteness, which is later used in empirical analysis to address 2 main objectives: a) to study impoliteness in terms of directness/indirectness and b) to reveal how face threatening acts (FTAs) are expressed. The results of the study have revealed that impoliteness during political TV debates is almost

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Sugiharto, Didik Priyo Sugiharto, Yustino Islami Almanik Almanik, and Wiyarni Wiyarni. "The Influence of Service Quality and Company Image on Customer Satisfaction and Word of Mouth." International Journal of Scientific Research and Management 11, no. 02 (2023): 4516–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.18535/ijsrm/v11i02.em01.

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The purpose of this research is to investigate the relationship among service quality, company image, customer satisfaction, and word of mouth. The population of this study is the parents of students in Avesiena Nature School Malang, East Java, Indonesia, which is 193 people. This study used saturated sample, it means the sample is the same number with the population. In order to examine the relationship both direct and indirect between service quality and company image on word of mouth, this study used path analysis. According to validity and reliability tests, the data that used in this stud

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France, Robert L. "Early entanglement of Nova Scotian marine animals in pre-plastic fishing gear or maritime debris: indirect evidence from historic ‘sea serpent’ sightings." Proceedings of the Nova Scotian Institute of Science (NSIS) 50, no. 2 (2020): 319. http://dx.doi.org/10.15273/pnsis.v50i2.10004.

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Marine environmental historians and ethnobiologists have resorted to imaginative means with which to back-cast the temporal frame of reference in order to assess recent anthropogenic changes. The present study, in support of previous work from around the world, indicates that anecdotal accounts from eyewitnesses of purported sightings of sea serpents provides indirect evidence that marine animals in Nova Scotia have been subjected to anthropocentric pressure for a much longer period than commonly presumed. This involves not only direct fishery exploitation, but also perhaps from being bycatch

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Truong Chi, Hung. "Some communication strategies in folk songs about couple's love." Journal of Science Social Science 66, no. 3 (2021): 58–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.18173/2354-1067.2021-0047.

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Ca dao about couple's love are a part of Vietnamese folklore. In this article, we study Ca dao about couple's love from the perspective of pragmatics, specifically showing communication strategies used by folk authors. Through the survey, we found that, in order to establish and maintain a harmonious relationship in communication, folk authors have had strategies to choose appropriate words and ways to establish appropriate linguistic actions. In addition, they implement the strategy of creating implication by using ambiguous, roundabout speech and using indirect-speech actions. Reasonable com

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Hsieh, Shun-Chieh. "Prediction of Compressive Strength of Concrete and Rock Using an Elementary Instance-Based Learning Algorithm." Advances in Civil Engineering 2021 (April 2, 2021): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/6658932.

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The use of machine learning techniques to predict material strength is becoming popular. However, not much attention has been paid to instance-based learning (IBL) algorithms. Therefore, in order to predict material strength, as the direct method by conducting tests is time-consuming and expensive and experimental errors are inevitable, an indirect method based on elementary instance-based learning algorithm was proposed. The standard k-nearest neighbors (k-NN) with cross-validation were utilized to develop compressive strength prediction models for some concretes and rocks by considering indi

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Jaubert, Anna. "Le discours indirect libre dans la première modernité. Le pouvoir modalisateur d’une énonciation douteuse." Verbum 41, no. 1 (2019): 15–34. https://doi.org/10.3406/verbu.2019.1091.

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Free indirect discourse (FID) is an enunciative configuration which appears in early modern texts and indeed much earlier in mediaeval and classical writing, well before it acquired a semiotic status in mid-nineteenth century novels. Indeed, as far back as we can investigate, FID figures among strategies of reported speech, and in this respect it constitutes a mode of representation within the discourse of another enunciative act. However, FID is not limited to representation, for its specific configuration means that it questions the enunciative alterity it represents. This raises the questio

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Somma, Alessandro. "Biopolitics of Transnational Private Law – Sovereign Debt Crises, Market Order and Human Rights." German Law Journal 13, no. 12 (2012): 1571–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s2071832200017995.

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A market economy is not a product of free economic behavior but rather, of an order requiring the fulfillment of systemic tasks by market operators. Their performance needs to be guided by rules imposing competition as a political tool to functionalize their action, in such a way that market failures can be avoided. This is not only the case for coordinated market economies, typically making use of direct market regulations, but also for liberal market economies, even if these latter ones prefer an indirect regulation of economic life, by having to condition individual behavior. Different mode

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Ait Slimane, Baussad, Brahim Menacer, and Mostefa Bouchetara. "Analytical and Experimental Study of a Naturally Aspirated Indirect Injection 4-Stroke Spark Ignition Engine." Mechanics 25, no. 6 (2019): 442–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.5755/j01.mech.25.6.23277.

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One of the objectives of this study is to elaborate an engine cycle simulation program in FORTRAN language to analyze the influence of operating parameters on the performance (theeffective power, torque and specific fuel consumption) of a four-stroke gasoline engine (Ford ZSG 416 gasoline engine) for different engine operating parameters. The GT-Powerengine simulation software was used to compare the results obtained with the developed computer program and to improve it. In this program, a single-zone thermodynamicmodel was considered, which describes each phase of the engine cycle. In order t

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Littlefield, Christine, and Stephen Fleming. "Measuring Fear of Death: A Multidimensional Approach." OMEGA - Journal of Death and Dying 15, no. 2 (1985): 131–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/k32k-ct6q-1ctc-u6r5.

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In the research literature on death and dying, two assumptions are often made: 1) the prospect of death is universally anxiety-provoking and 2) death fear is a unidimensional construct. In order to explore the veracity of these assumptions, participants were shown a film designed to manipulate fear of death. Scores on a trait and a state measure of death fear were related to belief in an afterlife and response latencies to death words and neutral words in a word association test. While a previous finding linking increased belief in afterlife with a death-threat situation was not supported, it

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Suryasa, I. Wayan, I. Nengah Sudipa, Ida Ayu Made Puspani та I. Made Netra. "Translation Procedure of Happy Emotion of English into Indonesian in Kṛṣṇa Text". Journal of Language Teaching and Research 10, № 4 (2019): 738. http://dx.doi.org/10.17507/jltr.1004.08.

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The current study is aimed at identifying the translation procedure of happy emotion of English into Indonesian. The emotion of happy is translated into several words included bahagia, senang, suka, lega, kesenangan, gembira ria, riang, ceria, patah hati, and tenteram. The structural and metalinguistic differences between language and culture, the effects of certain styles cannot be achieved without disturbing lexis or syntactic order in the target language. In such cases, it is a more complex procedure must be used to convey the meaning of the source text. It may looks quite modern, or even u

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Mykhailenko, Vira. "ACQUISITION OF ASSETS BY OTHER PERSONS FOR THE PURPOSES OF THE LEGAL PROCEDURE OF RECOGNIZING ASSETS AS UNFOUNDED AND CHARGING THEM TO STATE INCOME." Slovo of the National School of Judges of Ukraine, no. 1-2(38-39) (November 21, 2022): 151–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.37566/2707-6849-2022-1-2(38-39)-14.

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The article examines the problem of the acquisition by third parties of assets in respect of which the question of unfounded is raised. The concepts of «on behalf of» and «the ability to directly or indirectly carry out actions in relation to assets that are identical in content to the exercise of the right to dispose» are analyzed for the purpose of the procedure for recognizing assets as unreasonable and charging them to state income. It has been established that when applying the civil forfeiture procedure, there can be two ways of acquiring unjustified assets – direct (direct) and indirect

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Groenevelt, P. H. "Hydrostatics of frozen soil." Canadian Journal of Soil Science 90, no. 3 (2010): 403–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjss09032.

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An outline is presented of the relations between the energy status of water and the content of liquid water and ice in frozen soils. The theory formulates the dependence of the soil moisture characteristic (moisture retention curve) of a frozen soil on the load pressure and the temperature. This formulation requires the definition of the envelope-pressure potentials and the frost potentials of the soil moisture and the ice present in the soil. These potentials are expressed in terms of the void ratio, the moisture ratio, the ice ratio, the moisture ratio equivalent, and the ice ratio equivalen

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German, Jan. "Czy (i jak) warto jeszcze badać staropolskie latynizmy i grecyzmy?" LingVaria 17, no. 1(33) (2022): 307–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.12797/lv.17.2022.33.18.

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IS IT STILL WORTH RESEARCHING GREEK AND LATIN LOANWORDS IN OLD POLISH? (AND HOW SHOULD WE DO IT?) The paper focuses on Greek and Latin loanwords in Old Polish language. It attempts to show what has already been done and what still needs to be done in this important issue. Three main aspects are discussed: (1) definitions of the terms loanword, Latinism, Hellenism, and the problem of direct and indirect borrowing; (2) the current state of investigation of Greek and Latin loanwords in Old Polish; (3) the Old Polish Christian terminology – the problem of chronology and borrowing channels of Greek

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Rojas, Raul. "Conditional Branching is not Necessary for Universal Computation in von Neumann Computers." JUCS - Journal of Universal Computer Science 2, no. (11) (1996): 756–68. https://doi.org/10.3217/jucs-002-11-0756.

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In this paper we discuss the issue of the minimal instruction set necessary for universal computation. Our computing model is a machine consisting of a processor with a single n-bit register and a separate memory of n-bit words. We show that four simple instructions are sufficient in order to evaluate any computable function. Such reduction of the instruction set can only be achieved by exploiting the properties of self-modifying programs. Then we prove that, surprisingly, conditional branching can be substituted by unconditional branching. This is the main result of this paper. Therefore any

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Shovkovich, E. G. "Switching and mixing codes in the speech of students in the educational multilingual environment of the republic of Kazakhstan." Key Issues of Contemporary Linguistics, no. 5 (May 11, 2023): 66–73. https://doi.org/10.18384/2949-5075-2023-5-66-73.

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Aim. To consider the results of contacting three languages (English, Russian and Kazakh) in the educational multilingual environment of the Republic of Kazakhstan.Methodology. The material for the study was 324 cases of switching and code mixing. The following methods were applied in the work: indirect observation, conversation, quantitative method.Results. The study made it possible to note that students in Kazakhstan switch to another language in order to be understood by their interlocutor. Basically, Kazakh-Russian switching is heard, and high school students and students most often insert

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Okolyshev, Daniil A., Irina S. Karabulatova, Margarita D. Lagutkina, Galina A. Zavarzina, and Irina P. Savchuk. "Linguistic patterns in the lexical-semantic subsystem of new public administration: typology and features." Revista Amazonia Investiga 11, no. 57 (2022): 133–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.34069/ai/2022.57.09.14.

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The authors analyzed the confeptosphere of public administration from the position of representation in the Rus-sian language as an area of increased interest from the controlling structures in the field of state security. The au-thors relied on the postulates of the presence of three dimensions inherent in verbal signs: due to the indirect connec-tions of words and objects of semantics, determined by the relationship of words to each other syntagmatics and due to the relationship of words and communicants of pragmatics; about the discreteness and continuity of verbal signs, about the relative

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Pranata, Birgitta Eifelia Panggaraan. "A Multimodal Analysis of H&M Video Commercial “A Magical Holiday”." K@ta Kita 7, no. 3 (2019): 337–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.9744/katakita.7.3.337-345.

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In indirect advertising, an advertisement does not boldly show the products on the video. The object of the study in this thesis is a video advertisement of a clothing line, H&M, consisting a story about a family in the holiday season. This thesis aims to show that commercials of H&M “A Magical Holiday” uses multimodality in order to attract the audience through six modes: linguistic, audio, spatial, oral, visual, and gestural modes. In this study, I analyzed the modes by Multimodal Discourse Analysis by Kress and Leeuwen onto the six modes to analyze the advertisement, using the study

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Lee, Kyungmi, and Semi Lim. "The Relationships among Social Support, Bowel Function Symptoms and Uncertainty in Rectal Cancer Patients." Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing 28, no. 4 (2021): 421–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.7739/jkafn.2021.28.4.421.

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Purpose: This study examined the mediating effect of bowel function symptoms in the relationship between social support and uncertainty in rectal cancer patients.Methods: In total, 132 rectal cancer patients were recruited online. Data were collected from October 1, 2020 to October 31, 2020 using on-line questionnaires and were analyzed using the t-test, analysis of variance, Pearson correlation coefficients and bootstrapping for mediation.Results: Social support had a significant and positive effect on bowel function symptoms and a negative effect on uncertainty. Bowel function symptoms had a

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Oliveira, Gabriel Henrique Queiroz, Guilherme Marinho Sampaio, Hadassa Fonsêca Silva, et al. "Azithromycin: characteristics and clinical indications for bacterial and virus infections, including SARS-CoV-2 infections." Research, Society and Development 10, no. 12 (2021): e381101219864. http://dx.doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v10i12.19864.

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Objective: to accomplish a literature review to research the clinical characteristics of azythromycin, and its indications and associations for SARS-CoV-2 infections. Methodology: Electronic searches were carried out on PUBMED Central, BVS/BIREME, Web of Science and The Cochrane Library with the aid of key-words. Results: Azithromycin is a secure antibiotic belonging to the macrolide class, effective for a vast number of infections, especially respiratory diseases. It seems to have viral indirect activity due to its being capable of altering the cell machinery, including mitochondrias, for cha

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Aleksandre Vatcharadze, Aleksandre Vatcharadze. "Quantitative Valuation Methods in Green Energy." Economics 105, no. 11-12 (2024): 85–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.36962/ecs105/11-12/2023-85.

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Green Energy is a special case because it can be considered both as a “private good” and a “public good.” In other words, green energy carries a positive externality and the market value reflects only a small portion of the total benefits. That is why, the methods of assessing the value of a market economy does not give a complete picture. In order to calculate the total monetary value in green energy, the indirect valuation methods cannot give the true value, since they study only the use value, and environmental goods/services carries usually the non-use value too. Therefore, direct market v

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Manova, Stela. "Introduction: Affixes and bases." Word Structure 4, no. 2 (2011): 161–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/word.2011.0008.

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This special issue includes a selection of papers presented at the 2nd Vienna Workshop on Affix Order held in Vienna, Austria on June 4–5, 2009. The workshop was in honor of Wolfgang U. Dressler on the occasion of his 70th birthday. However, this special issue differs from the classical Festschrift dedicated to a renowned scholar and is ‘more special’ in two respects at least: 1) not all authors are Dressler's friends and colleagues, some of them are only indirectly related to him, through his students; and 2) since the papers were presented at a topic-oriented workshop, they are thematically

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Ekrogulskaya, Alexandra. "Linguistic aspect of Søren Kierkegaard’s “Indirect communication” with continual reference to romantic irony." Scandinavian Philology 19, no. 1 (2021): 85–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.21638/11701/spbu21.2021.106.

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The subject of this article is the language of Danish philosopher Søren Kierkegaard. The article presents a classification (based on the material of the treatise Repetition) of rhetorical devices specific for this author. This classification relies on the thesis that Romanticism was the cultural and historical context of Kierkegaard’s background which influenced his language and style, and that Kierkegaard’s method of indirect communication became in a certain sense a legacy of romantic irony defined by Friedrich Schlegel as “the form of paradox”. Categorizing Kierkegaard as a descendant of Ro

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Riachi, Marc, Jean Himms-Hagen, and Mary-Ellen Harper. "Percent relative cumulative frequency analysis in indirect calorimetry: application to studies of transgenic mice." Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology 82, no. 12 (2004): 1075–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/y04-117.

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Indirect calorimetry is commonly used in research and clinical settings to assess characteristics of energy expenditure. Respiration chambers in indirect calorimetry allow measurements over long periods of time (e.g., hours to days) and thus the collection of large sets of data. Current methods of data analysis usually involve the extraction of only a selected small proportion of data, most commonly the data that reflects resting metabolic rate. Here, we describe a simple quantitative approach for the analysis of large data sets that is capable of detecting small differences in energy metaboli

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Anderssen, R. S., B. G. Osborne, and I. J. Wesley. "The Application of Localisation to near Infrared Calibration and Prediction through Partial Least Squares Regression." Journal of Near Infrared Spectroscopy 11, no. 1 (2003): 39–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1255/jnirs.352.

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Near infrared (NIR) calibration and prediction represents a strategy for solving the inverse problem of determining the input sample property from its output NIR spectrum. The spectrum is an indirect measurement of the property that has been smoothed, leading to a loss of information. As a result, small changes in the spectra can, on occasions, correspond to large changes in the property. However, the well-established mathematical theory of regularisation has been developed for the solution of indirect measurement and inverse problems. Regularisation seeks an approximation to the input that si

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Mahyarni, Mahyarni. "The influence of spiritual leadership and its impacts on the reduction of workplace deviant behavior." International Journal of Public Leadership 15, no. 3 (2019): 170–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijpl-01-2019-0003.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the influence of spiritual leadership toward spirituality, job satisfaction and reduction of deviant behavior. Design/methodology/approach A structural model based on WarpPLS (Solimun et al., 2017) is used for data analysis, with the first-order factor analysis based on variables with reflective indicators. Findings The research findings show that the sustainability of workplace spirituality can stimulate employees’ job satisfaction. Accordingly, the direct influence of workplace spirituality on workplace deviant behavior (WDB) is quite major (0.

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Dauncey, M. J. "Activity and energy expenditure." Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology 68, no. 1 (1990): 17–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/y90-002.

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The influence of small changes in activity on energy expenditure and hence on energy requirements and energy balance is assessed. Evidence from direct and indirect calorimetry suggests that differences in spontaneous minor activity could readily alter 24-h energy expenditure by as much as 20%. This compares with values in the order of 10% for moderate overfeeding and somewhat less than this during mild cold exposure. Individual variability in 24-h energy expenditure can therefore be accounted for not only by differences in resting metabolism and the thermic responses to energy intake and tempe

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NINIO, ANAT. "Learning a generative syntax from transparent syntactic atoms in the linguistic input." Journal of Child Language 41, no. 6 (2013): 1249–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0305000913000470.

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ABSTRACTWe examined parents' two-word utterances expressing core syntactic relations in order to test the hypothesis that they may enable children to derive the atoms of hierarchical syntax, namely, the asymmetrical Merge/Dependency relation between pairs of words, and, in addition, to identify variables serving generative syntactic rules. Using a large English-language parental corpus, we located all two-word utterances containing a verb and its subject, object, or indirect object. Analysis showed that parental two-word sentences contain transparent information on the binary dependency/merge

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