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Academic literature on the topic 'Indirect speech'

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Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 25 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Indirect speech"

IKEDA, Shinichi. "INDIRECT SPEECH ACTS." Japanese Journal of Educational Psychology 39, no. 2 (1991): 228–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.5926/jjep1953.39.2_228.

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Simpson, Jane. "Direct and indirect speech." Journal of Pragmatics 13, no. 1 (February 1989): 119–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0378-2166(89)90113-6.

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Dalimunte, Muhammad, and Maryati Salmiah. "Students’ Ability at Changing Direct into Indirect Speech and Indirect into Direct Speech." Budapest International Research and Critics Institute (BIRCI-Journal) : Humanities and Social Sciences 2, no. 2 (May 10, 2019): 178–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.33258/birci.v2i2.249.

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Reported speech is one of difficult topics in learning English grammar, especially in changing the form from direct into indirect or reverse. Descriptive quantitative was used to find out the students’ ability in changing direct into indirect speech and reverse. There were five sentences that were changed by the students for two kinds of test. First, the test consisted of five direct sentences and the second, it consisted five indirect sentences. As the conclusion of the students’ answers, the students found difficulties in changing those two kinds of sentences.

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Ahmed, Samara, and Hiyam Yousif Mahmoud. "A Pragmatic Study of Indirect Warning in Boris Johnson's Speeches on COVID 19." Journal of Tikrit University for Humanities 29, no. 9, 2 (September 30, 2022): 67–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.25130/jtuh.29.9.2.2022.25.

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This study investigates how the prime minster of the United Kingdom employs language to express indirect warning in his speeches in order to warn his citizens to avoid corona virus infections , It aims to detect the act of warning embedded in his rhetoric through linguistic manipulation, and its impact on the audience so, the study aims the following Therefore, it hypothesizes the following: 1-The speech act of warning is constructed by the declarative sentences more than the other forms in Johnson's speeches. 2- Felicity Conditions are perfectly applied on the selected speeches. 3-Indirect warning is more currently occurred than direct one. 4-The hint strategy is more frequently occurred in the selected data than the conditional one as an indirect warning strategy. Speech Act Theory deals with the meaning of language use which is stated in terms of how the speaker manipulates the utterance to make the hearers infer the intended meaning. So, the data analysis will be dealt pragmatically. Therefore ,the study will try to answer the following questions: 1-Indirect warning has certain basic strategies to deal with. So, the study will concentrate on these strategies. 2-Does indirect Speech Act be more frequently used than direct one? 3-which strategy is more frequently used in expressing the indirect warning? The study arrives at these conclusions: (1) All the hypotheses have been approved, (2) He never uses the questioning strategy as indirect one in the whole speeches, (3) He employs the indirect speech act of warning more than the direct one in order to force the audience to infer his intended meanings when he delivers his speeches, and (4) The speech act of warning in Johnson's speeches is used to direct people either to do beneficial action or avoid doing bad actions.

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Richard, Mark. "Semantic Theory and Indirect Speech." Mind and Language 13, no. 4 (December 1998): 605–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1468-0017.00097.

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Terkourafi, Marina. "The puzzle of indirect speech." Journal of Pragmatics 43, no. 11 (September 2011): 2861–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pragma.2011.05.003.

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Cappelen, Herman, and Ernie Lepore. "Semantic Theory and Indirect Speech." ProtoSociology 10 (1997): 4–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/protosociology1997101.

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Pinker, S., M. A. Nowak, and J. J. Lee. "The logic of indirect speech." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 105, no. 3 (January 16, 2008): 833–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0707192105.

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Elita, Radhia. "Strategi Menyampaikan Keinginan Kalam Bahasa Jepang: Kajian Hairyo Hyougen." JURNAL ARBITRER 1, no. 1 (October 1, 2013): 75. http://dx.doi.org/10.25077/ar.1.1.75-87.2013.

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In interaction, there must be some variations occur due to the variation of social status or age. This might be brought about by situation and condition in communication process. For example is when delivering the desires to ask for time or to ask for dating. Offering tea is one strategy to exprees the desire in Japanesse culture. Indirect speech act commonly well-known as indirect culture (kansetsusei) is a kind of distinctive way of Japanesee people. This indirect speech act is also called kansetsuteki hatsuwa koui. The indirect speach act in airyo hyougen is a strategy used to save interlocutor's face.

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Terkourafi, Marina. "The importance of being indirect." New Perspectives on Utterance Interpretation and Implicit Contents 28 (November 28, 2014): 45–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/bjl.28.03ter.

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Standard accounts of indirect speech share two assumptions: that indirect speech always has a direct alternative, and that it is strategic. I survey a number of cases that challenge one or both of these assumptions and propose a new nomenclature for indirect speech that crucially includes, in addition to cases where indirect speech is strategic, cases where it is ‘enabling.’ The enabling potential of indirect speech lies in allowing us to give voice to thoughts or experiences that may be possible to express propositionally only in part. In such cases, the speaker does not start off with a direct alternative in mind but rather uses speech to invite the hearer to help her develop an inchoate thought. Including these cases under the same scheme allows us to consider ways other than recognition of the speaker’s intention in which indirect meanings may arise, such as through shared experience and the interlocutors’ habitus. The proposed nomenclature thus yields a multi-faceted view of indirect speech that goes beyond its current, formally driven, understanding.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Indirect speech"

Smith, Peter Wilfred Hesling. "Speech act theory, discourse structure and indirect speech." Thesis, University of Leeds, 1991. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/734/.

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Speech Act Theory is concerned with the ways in which language can be used. It originated with Austin, but was developed by Searle. The theories of Austin and Searle are described and several problem areas are identified. If it is to be a viable theory of language usage, speech act theory must be able to integrate with a theory of discourse structure, because if speech acts are identifiable as units of language, then it must be possible include them in a model of discourse. The second chapter examines discourse structure, examining two rival theories: the discourse analysis approach and the conversational analysis approach. Discourse analysis is broadly sympathetic to speech act theory, whereas, conversational analysis is not. The claims of conversational analysis are examined and are found to be wanting in several respects. Speech Act Theory is then discussed with a particular emphasis on the problem of relating speech acts to each other within a larger unit of discourse. It is noted that Austin, by including the expositive class of speech acts, allows for the possibility of relations between speech acts, whereas Searle's description of speech acts effectively rules out any relations between speech acts. The third chapter develops speech acts in terms of a schematic model consisting of cognitive states, a presumed effect of the speech act and an action. The cognitive states are represented using modal and deontic operators on the proposition within epistemic logic. This idea of the description of a speech act in terms of cognitive states is developed in Chapter Four. In Chapter Four, speech acts are related using a communicated cognitive state to pair two speech acts together into a primary and secondary speech act. It is noted that the idea of a primary and secondary speech act is present within the discourse analysis model of discourse (in the form of the initiation-response cycle of exchanges) and also in the conversational analysis approach to discourse (in the form of the adjacency pair). The conclusion from this is that the two approaches are perhaps not so incompatible as might first appear. Chapter Five deals with grammatical sentence types and their possible use in communicating cognitive states. It also examines modal auxiliary verbs and their possible relationship to the modal and deontic operators used in the cognitive state model. In Chapter Six, theories of indirect speech acts are described. An explanation of indirect speech acts is developed using pragmatic maxims and cognitive states to explain why certain indirect forms are chosen. This leads to a theory of linguistic politeness and a use model of speech acts.

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Tsang, Lai-kwan Candice. "Direct and indirect speech in Cantonese children." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 1999. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B36210055.

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Thesis (B.Sc)--University of Hong Kong, 1999.
"A dissertation submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the Bachelor of Science (Speech and Hearing Sciences), The University of Hong Kong, May 14, 1999." Also available in print.

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Bowers, Prudence Ann. "Indirect intervention for preschool stutterers." PDXScholar, 1991. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/4208.

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This study investigated the advisability of utilizing parents to provide treatment for their dysfluent preschoolers. It involved the development, implementation and evaluation of a specific treatment program involving indirect language stimulation techniques. The primary question asked was whether or not parents can be successful in significantly reducing or eliminating dysfluent speech in their children. The secondary question was whether or not parents can be trained successfully to provide treatment.

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Yao, Bo. "Mental simulations in comprehension of direct versus indirect speech quotations." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2011. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/3067/.

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In human communication, direct speech (e.g., Mary said: ‘I’m hungry’) coincides with vivid paralinguistic demonstrations of the reported speech acts whereas indirect speech (e.g., Mary said [that] she was hungry) provides mere descriptions of what was said. Hence, direct speech is usually more vivid and perceptually engaging than indirect speech. This thesis explores how this vividness distinction between the two reporting styles underlies language comprehension. Using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), we found that in both silent reading and listening, direct speech elicited higher brain activity in the voice-selective areas of the auditory cortex than indirect speech, consistent with the intuition of an ‘inner voice’ experience during comprehension of direct speech. In the follow-up behavioural investigations, we demonstrated that this ‘inner voice’ experience could be characterised in terms of modulations of speaking rate, reflected in both behavioural articulation (oral reading) and eye-movement patterns (silent reading). Moreover, we observed context-concordant modulations of pitch and loudness in oral reading but not straightforwardly in silent reading. Finally, we obtained preliminary results which show that in addition to reported speakers’ voices, their facial expressions may also be encoded in silent reading of direct speech but not indirect speech. The results show that individuals are more likely to mentally simulate or imagine reported speakers’ voices and perhaps also their facial expressions during comprehension of direct as opposed to indirect speech, indicating a more vivid representation of the former. The findings are in line with the demonstration hypothesis of direct speech (Clark & Gerrig, 1990) and the embodied theories of language comprehension (e.g., Barsalou, 1999; Zwaan, 2004), suggesting that sensory experiences with pragmatically distinct reporting styles underlie language comprehension.

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Shimazaki, Hatsuyo. "Free indirect speech in the work of Jane Austen : the previously unappreciated extent and complexity of Austen's free indirect speech and its development from eighteenth century fiction." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2015. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/383757/.

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This thesis investigates Free Indirect Discourse for speech presentations [FIS] in the work of Jane Austen, and presents the discovery that it is a substantial feature of her narrative style, unexpectedly versatile, performing various functions and effects, ranging from the basic to the sophisticated. Critics have often discussed the primary function of Free Indirect Discourse for both speech and thought presentations [FID] as a means of merging the voices of the narrator and a character. They have focused especially on Free Indirect Discourse for thought presentations [FIT] as an important vehicle for presenting the heroine’s subjective ideas within the narrative. A primary function of FIS identified by previous critics is, on the other hand, the narrator’s mimicry of a character’s speech, owing to the gap in the dual perspectives of the narrator and a character. I have made a strict distinction between FIS and FIT and conduct a full survey of Austen’s FIS with a stylistic approach, which demonstrates that Austen’s FIS is not limited to the basic functions formerly discussed. I propose that it serves at least eleven functions, both satirical and non-satirical. I have given names to these functions, for example, FIS for ‘Formal Politeness’, ‘Condensed Conversations’, ‘Voices in Harmony’ and ‘Filtering Information’. The narrator in Austen’s novels sometimes restrains her subjective view and exists as a transparent mediator to present a character’s speech, as in modernist novels. Austen uses these different functions of FIS in specific episodes to silently guide the reader’s interpretation. On a larger scale, Austen uses the embedded nature of FIS in contrast with FIT or Direct Thought in the foreground, which is similar to the painter’s technique of using ‘light and shade’ to create perspective. As a case study, I have analysed Austen’s technique of FIS for ‘Concealment of Plot Development’ in Emma. As part of my survey, I also revise the origin of Austen’s FID. Critics have presumed that Austen must have discovered FID in the work of immediate precursors, particularly Frances Burney. It is true that the writers of the late eighteenth century sporadically used FIT. However, in respect of FIS, I argue that its origin can be traced back to the early eighteenth century, and changes in punctuation marks for speech in English typesetting. Proto-FIS and FIS occasionally appear in the work of major writers of the eighteenth century, such as Samuel Richardson, Joseph Fielding, Laurence Sterne, and Mary Wollstonecraft. Austen may have gained ideas about FIS from the limited usage in their works. However, while FIT became a feature of the fiction of some writers, such as Charlotte Smith and Ann Radcliffe in the 1790s, FIS was rarely used in this period. Austen excavated the proto-style and developed it with remarkable speed. Austen is not just the first writer who employed FIS in a substantial way, but a brilliant exponent of the technique.

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Thomas, Kyle. "The Psychology of Common Knowledge: Coordination, Indirect Speech, and Self-Conscious Emotions." Thesis, Harvard University, 2015. http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:17467482.

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The way humans cooperate is unparalleled in the animal kingdom, and coordination plays an important role in human cooperation. Common knowledge—an infinite recursion of shared mental states, such that A knows X, A knows that B knows X, A knows that B knows that A knows X, ad infinitum—is strategically important in facilitating coordination. Common knowledge has also played an important theoretical role in many fields, and has been invoked to explain a staggering diversity of social phenomena. However, no previous empirical work has directly explored the psychology of common knowledge. Paper 1 demonstrates that people represent common knowledge, distinguish it from lower levels of shared knowledge (e.g., A knows that B knows X, but nothing more), and that common knowledge facilitates coordination for mutual benefits. The paper reports results from four experiments in which groups of participants interacted in coordination games, with varying levels of knowledge and payoffs. Results showed that common knowledge facilitates coordination, and thus provides an important proof of concept. Paper 2 provides support from a large dyadic psychophysiology study for a recently proposed theory of strategic indirect speech, in which common knowledge plays a central role. Participants’ affective reactions to different types of illicit propositions were consistent with predictions from the theory, as were their responses to survey questions that asked what they would tell their friends about the propositions. By supporting the strategic theory of indirect speech, these results provide indirect evidence that common knowledge plays an important role in explaining certain kinds of indirect speech. Paper 3 provides evidence from two experiments that the self-conscious emotions of embarrassment, shame, and guilt are sensitive to the distinction between common knowledge and lower levels of shared knowledge. In the first experiment, participants read fictional scenarios that might induce these emotions, and reported that they would feel them more strongly if a transgression was common knowledge than if it was merely shared knowledge. In the second experiment, participants performed a karaoke song for a panel of judges, and reported higher levels of embarrassment when their performance was common knowledge than shared knowledge.
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Gutierrez, Menez Evangelina. ""No se nace mujer, la mujer se hace:" la autoconstrucción del personaje principal en la novela Leonora de Elena Poniatowska." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för språk (SPR), 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-43025.

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The novel Leonora by Elena Poniatowska is about Leonora Carrington who was born into a wealthy family and challenged family traditions, and those expectations imposed by her social background and her gender. It will be shown that the main character acts according to a self-construction process free of social impositions. Simone de Beauvoir’s well-known phrase “one is not born a woman, one becomes one”, is one of the feminist positions that contributes to this analysis, as well as the literary techniques explained by Gérard Genette, Oscar Tacca, Mieke Bal and the narratology theories of focalization, direct speech, indirect speech and free indirect speech. The aim of this essay is to analyze the literary techniques that present the self-construction of the main character, and their effects on the reader. The hypotheses of this essay are that in order to present the self-construction of the character, the literary techniques create an effect of alternately zooming the reader in to the main character’s experience, and zooming out to a more objective view. In addition, the literary techniques used to present Carrington’s self-construction seek to show her feminist stance and her transgressions in both private and public spheres. Poniatowska’s literary techniques deliver the message that when a woman is released from social and cultural constraints she has the power to modify spheres.

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Polcar, Leah Elizabeth. "Towards understanding the processing of indirect speech acts: Reconsidering the standard pragmatic model of processing." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/280495.

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This investigation tests whether a stage-type model of the processing of indirect speech acts is a fully explanatory model. A stage model, like the Standard Pragmatic Model (SPM), proposes that listeners understand the meaning of an indirect speech act by first determining direct meaning and then checking this meaning against context for sufficiency. It is only when direct meaning is found not to fully capture context that a listener proceeds to understand the meaning of an indirect speech act. This sort of model has been heavily criticized in the extant theoretical and empirical research, though this investigation shows much of this criticism to be faulty and/or irrelevant to indirect speech act processing. Here, minor revision of the SPM is proposed through the introduction of Cdirect and C indirect meanings that makes the modified SPM sensitive to issues of conventionality. Two experiments test this modified model (the MSPM). Results of the first experiment showed that the MSPM is the most explanatory model in explaining the processing of non-conventional indirect speech acts. The second experiment was designed to replicate an earlier experiment by Shapiro and Murphy (1993) and to investigate the influence of conventionality on the processing of indirect speech acts. The results of the conventionality analysis allow no clear conclusions about how conventional indirect speech acts are processed, but do call the results of the Shapiro and Murphy (1993) investigation into question. Additionally, some indirect proof is found that shows that conventionality influences the processing of indirect speech acts by making judgments of direct meaning difficult when conventional cues are present. Implications of these results are discussed and overall, the MSPM is found to be the best model for describing indirect speech act processing.

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Costa, Andressa Cristinne Arrelias. "O discurso indireto no alemão: um estudo variacionista do uso dos modos." Universidade de São Paulo, 2009. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8144/tde-11082009-112713/.

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O presente trabalho tem como objetivo descrever o uso dos modos Konjunktiv e Indicativo no discurso indireto no alemão atual. Esta descrição será feita a partir da análise de um corpus especialmente compilado para este trabalho, composto por 400 textos online do gênero notícia, dos periódicos alemães SPIEGEL ONLINE e FAZ (Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung). Para a realização deste estudo partiu-se de várias hipóteses, segundo as quais a escolha do modo do discurso indireto é influenciada por diversos fatores, tais como: a posição do discurso citante em relação ao discurso citado, o tempo verbal do discurso citante, a factividade do verbo do discurso citante, o tipo de verbo do discurso citado, a presença de um elemento introdutor na oração subordinada do discurso citado, o grau de inserção da oração subordinada no discurso citado e a distância entre os verbos do discurso citante e citado. Por se tratar de um estudo variacionista, os dados foram analisados estatisticamente. Os fatores que favorecem o uso do Indicativo no discurso indireto são: posição anteposta do discurso citante (tendência); os tempos Presente e Perfeito do verbo do discurso citante; oração subordinada introduzida pela conjunção dass; o verbo do discurso citado é sein ou werden como auxiliares da passiva, a oração subordinada tem o grau de inserção um, a distância entre ambos os verbos é grande.
This masters thesis examines the verbal moods used in indirect speech in modern German. For that purpose, a corpus was collected that will be analysed. This corpus contains 400 online journalistic articles from two news sources: SPIEGEL ONLINE and FAZ (Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung). In order to carry out this research, various hypotheses are assumed according to which the choice of the mood of indirect discourse is influenced by diverse factors such as: the place and tense of the reporting verb, factivity of the reporting verb, verb type of indirect speech, type of subordinate clause, degree of embedding and distance between the verbs of indirect speech and the reporting verb. The data was analised statistically since this is a variation study. The most important results are the factors that promote the use of indicative in indirect speech: pre-position of the reporting verb (tendency); the present or present perfect tenses of the reporting verb; subordinate clauses introduced by dass; sein or werden as the verb of indirect speech and as an auxiliary of a passive construction; the degree of embedding of a subordinate clause, and the degree of distance between the verbs.

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Hansen, Rachel E. "The Effects of Second Language Status on the Comprehension and Perception of Direct and Indirect Speech in Written Teacher Feedback." Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 2008. http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/ETD/image/etd2500.pdf.

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Books on the topic "Indirect speech"

Florian, Coulmas, ed. Direct and indirect speech. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter, 1986.

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Coulmas, Florian, ed. Direct and Indirect Speech. Berlin, New York: DE GRUYTER MOUTON, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9783110871968.

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Nordqvist, Åsa. Speech about speech: A developmental study on form and function of direct and indirect speech : doctoral dissertation. [Göteborg, Sweden]: Dept. of Linguistics, Göteborg University, 2001.

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Tomasik, Wojciech. Od Bally'ego do Banfield, i dalej: Sześć rozpraw o "Mowie pozornie zależnej". Bydgoszcz: Wyższa Szkoła Pedagogiczna, 1992.

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Hickey, Leo. Politeness apart, why choose indirect speech acts?. Salford: University of Salford Department of Modern Languages, 1991.

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Ferenc, Kiefer. Some semantic aspects of indirect speech in Hungarian. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter, 1986.

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1949-, Lucy John Arthur, ed. Reflexive language: Reported speech and metapragmatics. Cambridge [England]: Cambridge University Press, 1993.

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What is said: A theory of indirect speech reports. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1990.

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Rosier, Laurence. Le discours rapporté: Histoire, théories, pratiques. Paris: Duculot, 1999.

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1966-, Holt Elizabeth, and Clift Rebecca, eds. Reporting talk: Reported speech in interaction. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2007.

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Book chapters on the topic "Indirect speech"

Rojavin, Marina, and Taras Overchuk. "Indirect speech." In Russian Syntax for Advanced Students, 212–17. London: Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003174738-18.

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Miell, Anna, and Heiner Schenke. "Indirect speech." In Intermediate German: A Grammar and Workbook, 198–204. Second edition. | Abingdon, Oxon; New York, NY: Routledge, 2020. |: Routledge, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003005582-26.

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Ortega, Ane, Tita Beaven, Cecilia Garrido, Sean Scrivener, and Javier Muñoz-Basols. "Indirect speech." In ¡Exacto!, 227–31. Third edition. | Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon : New York, NY: Routledge, [2018] | Previous editions published in London: Hodder Education, 2009; 2nd ed.: Routledge, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315228334-27.

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Morady Moghaddam, Mostafa. "Reported Speech in Persian." In The Praxis of Indirect Reports, 173–96. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-14269-8_9.

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Cappelen, Herman, and Ernie Lepore. "Semantic Theory and Indirect Speech." In Concepts of Meaning, 183–98. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-0197-6_8.

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Dodd, Julian. "Propositions, Indirect Speech and Truthbearers." In An Identity Theory of Truth, 19–48. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-62870-4_2.

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Holt, Elisabeth. "Indirect Reported Speech in Interaction." In Perspectives in Pragmatics, Philosophy & Psychology, 167–87. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-21395-8_9.

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Dodd, Julian. "Propositions, Indirect Speech and Truthbearers." In An Identity Theory of Truth, 19–48. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230584266_2.

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Beals, Katharine. "Conventionalization in indirect speech acts." In Linguistik Aktuell/Linguistics Today, 77–92. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/la.176.05bea.

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Hagenaar, Elly. "Free indirect speech in Chinese." In Pragmatics & Beyond New Series, 289. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/pbns.43.19hag.

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Conference papers on the topic "Indirect speech"

Latysheva, S., N. Sivtseva, and S. Fetisova. "Indirect Speech Utterance: Intersubjective Approach." In 7th International Scientific and Practical Conference "Current issues of linguistics and didactics: The interdisciplinary approach in humanities" (CILDIAH 2017). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/cildiah-17.2017.28.

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Le Roux, Jonathan, and John R. Hershey. "Indirect model-based speech enhancement." In ICASSP 2012 - 2012 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing. IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icassp.2012.6288806.

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Sarathy, Vasanth, Alexander Tsuetaki, Antonio Roque, and Matthias Scheutz. "Reasoning Requirements for Indirect Speech Act Interpretation." In Proceedings of the 28th International Conference on Computational Linguistics. Stroudsburg, PA, USA: International Committee on Computational Linguistics, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.18653/v1/2020.coling-main.433.

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Wilske, Sabrina, and Geert-jan Kruijff. "Service Robots Dealing with Indirect Speech Acts." In 2006 IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems. IEEE, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iros.2006.282259.

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Li, Xianbo, Huanrun Qiao, Zhicheng Ma, Diaodiao Yang, Yongtai Pan, and Zhixin Ma. "Bayesian Belief Network Model of Indirect Speech Act Theory." In the 2018 International Conference. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3293663.3293685.

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Mardar, Iulian. "Using Analogies in Teaching Indirect Speech to Romanian Students." In 4th International Scientific Conference "Sports, Education, Culture - Interdisciplinary Approaches in Scientific Research", SEC-IASR 2019, Galati, Romania, 7th - 8th June, 2019. LUMEN Publishing house, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.18662/lumproc/sec-iasr2019/22.

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Ondrakova, Jana. "Using Indirect Speech In German: Czech Native Speakers’ Challenges." In 12th International Conference on Education and Educational Psychology. European Publisher, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.15405/epiceepsy.21101.8.

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Simboteanu, Tatiana. "Structure and Meaning in Case of Sentences Used as Indirect Speech Acts." In Conferință științifică internațională "Filologia modernă: realizări şi perspective în context european". “Bogdan Petriceicu-Hasdeu” Institute of Romanian Philology, Republic of Moldova, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.52505/filomod.2022.16.20.

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Abstract:

One of the biggest difficulties related to the treatment of indirect speech acts, along with the overlap of illocutionary values and the discrepancy between the meaning actualized by the structure of the utterance and the value it can acquire in a certain context, is the absence of specific linguistic marks. Communication has as its object of research the utterances used to make indirect speech acts. By approaching this problem, the aim was to establish possible regularities between certain utterances and certain indirect speech acts. Thus, the central objective of the research is to examine the utterances used as means of indirect realization of speech acts in terms of their syntactic structure and the lexical-grammatical means that could serve as a basis for decoding this type of speech acts.

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Hussein, Mazen Abi, and Olivier Venard. "Subband digital predistorsion based on Indirect Learning Architecture." In ICASSP 2014 - 2014 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing (ICASSP). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icassp.2014.6855153.

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Reports on the topic "Indirect speech"

Lajosi, Krisztina. ECMI Minorities Blog. Disinformation, Digital Nationalism and the Hungarian Minority in Ukraine. European Centre for Minority Issues, April 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.53779/slwe2333.

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The Hungarian minority in Ukraine living mainly in the region of Transcarpathia (Zakarpattia Oblast) has not yet been directly exposed to the horrors of the war. However, roughly since 2014, it has been targeted by online propaganda and disinformation serving the interests of the Kremlin in both Russian and Hungarian media. Several studies have demonstrated how the right-wing media supporting the Hungarian government have come increasingly under Russian influence either directly by translating pieces from Russian media outlets, or indirectly by channeling the talking points of the Kremlin. This digital propaganda has merged with the offline diffusion of ideologies supporting the illiberal democracy that Viktor Orbán declared official policy in Hungary in his infamous speech from 2014. This blog post explores the intricate web of nationalisms that influence political opinions among the Hungarian minority in Ukraine.

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