Relevant bibliographies by topics / Indirect treatment comparison

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Book chapters
  4. Conference papers
  5. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Indirect treatment comparison'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 15 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Indirect treatment comparison"

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Miladinovic, Branko, Anna Chaimani, Iztok Hozo, and Benjamin Djulbegovic. "Indirect Treatment Comparison." Stata Journal: Promoting communications on statistics and Stata 14, no. 1 (March 2014): 76–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1536867x1401400106.

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Marquez, M., J. P. Diaz, A. Ibarra, M. Pizarro, A. Cervantes, M. Rodríguez, and H. Soto. "Bayesian mixed treatment comparison of early treatment for Parkinson disease: an indirect comparison." Value in Health 18, no. 3 (May 2015): A280. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jval.2015.03.1635.

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Guyot, Patricia, Wei Cheng, Gabriel Tremblay, Ronda Copher, Heather Burnett, Xuan Li, and Charles Makin. "Number needed to treat in indirect treatment comparison." Journal of Comparative Effectiveness Research 7, no. 3 (March 2018): 259–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.2217/cer-2017-0023.

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Gala, S., and M. Mwamburi. "Indirect Treatment Comparison Of Newer Treatments In Relapsed / Refractory Multiple Myeloma." Value in Health 19, no. 3 (May 2016): A138. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jval.2016.03.1647.

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Parks, D., and S. A. Ferrante. "PNS211 ASSESSING POPULATION-ADJUSTED INDIRECT COMPARISON METHODS (MATCHING-ADJUSTED INDIRECT COMPARISON AND SIMULATED TREATMENT COMPARISON) USING MONTE-CARLO SIMULATIONS." Value in Health 22 (May 2019): S321. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jval.2019.04.1568.

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Swallow, Elyse, Oscar Patterson-Lomba, Rajeev Ayyagari, Corey Pelletier, Rina Mehta, and James Signorovitch. "Causal inference and adjustment for reference-arm risk in indirect treatment comparison meta-analysis." Journal of Comparative Effectiveness Research 9, no. 10 (July 2020): 737–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.2217/cer-2020-0042.

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Aim: To illustrate that bias associated with indirect treatment comparison and network meta-analyses can be reduced by adjusting for outcomes on common reference arms. Materials & methods: Approaches to adjusting for reference-arm effects are presented within a causal inference framework. Bayesian and Frequentist approaches are applied to three real data examples. Results: Reference-arm adjustment can significantly impact estimated treatment differences, improve model fit and align indirectly estimated treatment effects with those observed in randomized trials. Reference-arm adjustment can possibly reverse the direction of estimated treatment effects. Conclusion: Accumulating theoretical and empirical evidence underscores the importance of adjusting for reference-arm outcomes in indirect treatment comparison and network meta-analyses to make full use of data and reduce the risk of bias in estimated treatments effects.
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Rugo, Hope S., Anja Haltner, Lin Zhan, Anh Tran, Eustratios Bananis, Becky Hooper, Debanjali Mitra, and Chris Cameron. "Matching-adjusted indirect comparison of palbociclib versus ribociclib and abemaciclib in hormone receptor-positive/HER2-negative advanced breast cancer." Journal of Comparative Effectiveness Research 10, no. 6 (April 2021): 457–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.2217/cer-2020-0272.

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Aim: Palbociclib (PAL), ribociclib (RIB) and abemaciclib (ABM), in combination with fulvestrant (FUL), are approved for the treatment of hormone receptor-positive, HER2-negative advanced breast cancer. This study aims to determine relative efficacy of PAL+FUL versus RIB+FUL and ABM+FUL using matching-adjusted indirect treatment comparisons. Patients & methods: Anchored matching-adjusted indirect treatment comparisons were conducted using individual patient data from PALOMA-3 and published summary-level data from MONARCH 2 and MONALEESA-3. The primary outcome was overall survival (OS). Results: OS was similar for PAL+FUL versus ABM+FUL (hazard ratio: 0.87; 95% CI: 0.54–1.40) and RIB+FUL (hazard ratio: 0.89; 95% CI: 0.48–1.63). Conclusion: Adjusting for cross-trial differences suggests similar OS between treatments, underscoring the importance of accounting for these differences when indirectly comparing treatments.
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Bourdin, Arnaud, and Nicolas Molinari. "Indirect treatment comparison of asthma biologics fraught with methodology issues." Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology 143, no. 3 (March 2019): 1266–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaci.2018.11.024.

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Weber, Jeffrey, Paolo Ascierto, Mark Middleton, Delphine Hennicken, Roberto Zoffoli, Anne Pieters, Adenike Amadi, et al. "308 Indirect treatment comparison of nivolumab versus placebo as adjuvant treatment for melanoma." Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer 8, Suppl 3 (November 2020): A335. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jitc-2020-sitc2020.0308.

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BackgroundWe have previously performed indirect treatment comparisons (ITCs) to demonstrate improvements in recurrence-free survival (RFS) and distant metastasis-free survival with nivolumab versus placebo as adjuvant treatment for resected melanoma; however, overall survival (OS) data were not available at the time. Recently, results of the phase 3 CheckMate 238 trial in patients with resected stage IIIB–IIIC/IV melanoma (American Joint Committee on Cancer [AJCC], 7th edition) showed no statistically significant difference in OS between nivolumab and ipilimumab; however, OS events were fewer than expected. In the phase 3 EORTC 18071 trial in patients with resected stage IIIA–IIIC melanoma (AJCC, 6th edition), OS was improved with ipilimumab versus placebo. Here, we provide an update on RFS and an analysis of OS in ITCs of nivolumab and placebo using data from these 2 trials with a common comparator arm: ipilimumab 10 mg/kg.MethodsITCs of nivolumab versus placebo were conducted using 4-year minimum follow-up data from CheckMate 238 (NCT02388906) and 5.3-year median follow-up data from EORTC 18071 (NCT00636168). Bucher ITCs were performed to estimate RFS and OS in the intention-to-treat populations. A sensitivity analysis of OS adjusting for subsequent therapy options was conducted in 2 steps: (1) after controlling for possible confounders and assuming that the only difference was the effect of different subsequent therapies, postrecurrence survival was compared between the 2 ipilimumab arms in each study, and (2) after adjusting for differences in postrecurrence survival, ITCs of nivolumab versus adjusted placebo were performed.ResultsIn these ITC analyses, RFS and OS results with nivolumab suggested an improvement compared with placebo. In the intention-to-treat population, nivolumab was associated with a lower risk of recurrence or death (RFS HR, 0.55; 95% CI, 0.43–0.70) and a lower risk of death (OS HR, 0.62; 95% CI, 0.44–0.88) than placebo. In the sensitivity analysis, a 63% average increase in postrecurrence survival benefit was estimated with ipilimumab in CheckMate 238 compared with ipilimumab in EORTC 18071. After adjusting for this increase in both the ipilimumab and placebo arms in EORTC 18071, nivolumab was associated with a lower risk of death than placebo (OS HR, 0.65; 95% CI, 0.45–0.91), similar to the unadjusted analysis.ConclusionsDespite the changing treatment landscape and the increased number of therapeutic options for metastatic melanoma, these ITCs suggested clinically meaningful improvement in RFS and OS with adjuvant nivolumab compared with a wait-and-watch strategy in high-risk patients with resected melanoma.AcknowledgementsWriting and editorial assistance were provided by Kakoli Parai, PhD, and Andrea Lockett of Ashfield Healthcare Communications, funded by Bristol-Myers Squibb Company.Trial RegistrationNCT02388906 (CheckMate 238), NCT00636168 (EORTC 18071)
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Hemstock, Matthew, Adenike Amadi, Katrin Kupas, Neil Roskell, Srividya Kotapati, Kyna Gooden, Mark R. Middleton, and Dirk Schadendorf. "Indirect treatment comparison of nivolumab versus placebo for the adjuvant treatment of melanoma." European Journal of Cancer 132 (June 2020): 176–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ejca.2020.03.011.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Indirect treatment comparison"

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Steiner-Boeker, Sabine. "Novel P2Y12 Receptor Antagonists - Prasugrel and Ticagrelor. Systematic Review, Indirect Comparison to Clopidogrel in Cardiovascular Disease, Design of a Randomized Controlled Trial." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/20176.

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Antiplatelet therapy with clopidogrel is widely used in patients with coronary artery disease, but the recent development of the new P2Y12 receptor antagonists prasugrel and ticagrelor will increase treatment options. An overview of systematic reviews was performed to summarize available evidence on clopidogrel. Current data on prasugrel and ticagrelor were identified by a systematic review and used for an indirect treatment comparison (ITC) of the drugs against each other and versus placebo in the absence of head-to-head clinical trials. Adjusted indirect comparison according to Bucher, Bayesian methods for mixed treatment comparisons using Winbugs, and generalized linear mixed models using SAS were employed for ITC, yielding almost identical results: prasugrel was favored regarding stent thrombosis and ticagrelor regarding major bleeding. However, substantial differences in trial design were identified, demanding caution when interpreting these results. On the basis of the obtained results, a randomized controlled trial was designed within the gap of current evidence.
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Streit, Günther Arthur. "Comparison of the accuracy of direct versus indirect bracket placement in orthodontics: An in vitro study." University of the Western Cape, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/7304.

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Magister Scientiae Dentium - MSc(Dent)
The purpose of this study was to compare the accuracy of direct versus indirect bracket placement in orthodontics in a controlled setting. The more accurate the initial bracket placement is the less time will be required in terms of treatment. Accurate bracket placement can reduce the envelope of error in the three dimensions of vertical (incisal height, height of tooth), horizontal (mesial-distal) and angular (degrees incisal to root apex causing rotational irregularities) based on Andrews’ six keys to normal occlusion (Andrews, 1979). In this comparative experimental study, 10 Class I molar relation study models were selected from the researcher’s practice archives. Only the MBT pre-adjusted or angulated orthodontic brackets were used on manikins, followed by the use of 3D CAD CAM technology to evaluate the results against a pre-determined golden standard.
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Maher, Maurica. "Efficacy and Safety of Bisphosphonates for Fracture Prevention in Osteoporosis: Systematic Reviews and Indirect Treatment Comparisons." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/31753.

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Osteoporosis is a growing cause of morbidity and mortality in aging populations worldwide, especially in postmenopausal women. Bisphosphonates are widely prescribed for fracture prevention in osteoporosis. Meta-analyses have been performed for alendronate, risedronate, and etidronate, examining their effectiveness versus placebo in fracture prevention. Total withdrawals and adverse event withdrawals were examined as safety outcomes. Systematic reviews were performed for two other bisphosphonates, ibandronate and zoledronic acid and the results combined with previously obtained data for the other bisphosphonates. Indirect treatment comparisons of the drugs against each other and versus placebo were performed using Bayesian and frequentist methods. Both types of analyses yielded almost identical results: zoledronic acid and alendronate were the most effective bisphosphonates for preventing vertebral fractures. No differences were found regarding withdrawals. Subgroup analyses found that fracture prevention was generally more effective with longer therapy (greater than or longer than 3 years).
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He, Juan. "Flavor comparison of ultra high temperature processed milk heated by Ohmic heating and conventional methods." Thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1957/28661.

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Ultra high temperature (UHT) processing can extend shelf life of milk to several months without refrigeration, which is more convenient and energy saving than pasteurized milk. However, the poor acceptance caused by "cooked" flavors limits its marketing growth, especially in United States. Ohmic heating, which has a more uniform and rapid heating than conventional UHT process, may minimized the flavor change during the thermal treatment. Flavor composition between Ohmic heated UHT milk and other traditionally processed UHT milk (direct steam injection and indirect plate heating) during 36 weeks storage were investigated in this study. A total of 20 volatile compounds were analyzed based on their importance to UHT milk as well as their representation to different chemical classes including sulfur-containing compounds, ketones, lactones, aldehydes and others. Dimethyl sulfide (DMS) and methyl ketones were significant different among three types of UHT heated milk. δ-lactones showed higher amount in Ohmic heating after stored for four weeks, which might generate creamy, fruity intermediate aroma. Other compounds showed no significant difference among three heating processes. Aroma recombination test revealed that the overall aroma of the ultra pasteurized (UP) milk could be mimicked by recombining 15 important reference odorants in the same concentrations as they occurred in the UHT milk using commercial pasteurized milk as the matrix.
Graduation date: 2012
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Rabiais, Sara Duarte Ferreira. "Meta-análise: uma aplicação ao estudo do tratamento da doença pulmonar obstrutiva crónica." Master's thesis, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10451/9205.

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Tese de mestrado em Bioestatística, apresentada à Universidade de Lisboa, através da Faculdade de Ciências, 2011
A Meta-análise é uma técnica estatística que permite combinar e sintetizar os resultados de estudos realizados de forma independente, sobre uma mesma questão. É uma técnica aplicada nas mais diversas áreas mas, quando utilizada especificamente na comparação de medicamentos, fica limitada à comparação de pares de medicamentos, chamada comparação direta. Para fazer face a essa limitação, têm sido desenvolvidos métodos de comparação indireta de medicamentos. Estes métodos para além da comparação indireta permitem também a comparação simultânea de mais de dois medicamentos. Neste trabalho, foi utilizado o método direto e um método indireto - o método MTC (Mixed treatment comparisons), que se baseia num modelo bayesiano hierárquico, de efeitos fixo ou feitos aleatórios - para comparar os medicamentos utilizados no tratamento da Doença Pulmonar Obstrutiva Crónica (DPOC). A DPOC é uma doença do aparelho respiratório, geralmente progressiva e de reduzida reversibilidade e caracteriza-se pela limitação de passagem do fluxo aéreo nos brônquios. Os medicamentos utilizados no seu tratamento têm por objectivo prevenir e controlar os sintomas, reduzir a frequência e a severidade das exacerbações. Para a comparação dos tratamentos foi considerado, como tamanho do efeito, a razão das chances e, como evento, o número de doentes com pelo menos uma exacerbação durante o ensaio clínico. Os métodos de comparação foram aplicados após a revisão sistemática da literatura que reuniu um conjunto de 17 ensaios clínicos com dois ou mais ramos de comparação e informação relativa a 10 medicamentos: Tiotrópio18, Formoterol12, Fluticasona500, Salmeterol42 e Salmeterol5, Fluticasona500+Salmeterol50, Indacaterol150, Indacaterol300, Indacaterol600 e Placebo. Apesar de algumas limitações dos dados, foram consideradas as comparações obtidas pelo método MTC que mostraram que o Tiotróipio 18 e o Indacaterol 150 reduzem a chance de ter exacerbação face aos restantes medicamentos.
Meta-analysis is a statistical technique that allows one to combine and synthesize the results of studies carried out independently on one same issue. This technique is applied in several areas but, when specifically used for medicine comparison, it is limited to the analysis of medicine pairs, called direct comparison. To address this limitation, methods have been developed for indirect comparison of medications. These methods allow the simultaneous analysis of more than two medicines, besides the indirect comparison. On the present work there were implemented both the direct method and an indirect one - the MCT method (mixed treatment comparisons), based on a hierarchic bayesian model, with fixed or random effects - to compare the medications used for the treatment of the Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The COPD is a respiratory disease, usually progressive and with a limited reversibility, and characterized by the constraint of the airflow in the bronchi. The medicines used in its treatment intend to prevent and control the symptoms and to reduce both the frequency and severity of exacerbations. To compare the treatments it was considered, as the effect size, the odds ratio and, as the event, the number of patients with at least one exacerbation during the clinical trial. The comparison methods were implemented after a systematic literature review that collected a set of 17 clinical trials with two or more branches of comparison and information on 10 drugs: Tiotropium18, Formoterol12, Fluticasone500, Salmeterol42 e Salmeterol5, Fluticasone500+Salmeterol50, Indacaterol150, Indacaterol300, Indacaterol600 e Placebo. Despite some data limitations, there were considered the comparisons obtained by the MTC method, showing that the Tiotroipium18 and the Indacaterol 150 reduce the odds of occurrence exacerbation, when compared with the other drugs.
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Book chapters on the topic "Indirect treatment comparison"

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"Mixed and Indirect Treatment Comparisons." In Evidence Synthesis for Decision Making in Healthcare, 169–92. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119942986.ch9.

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Morgan, Michael. "Cerebral arteriovenous malformations and dural arteriovenous fistulae." In Oxford Textbook of Neurological Surgery, edited by Ramez W. Kirollos, Adel Helmy, Simon Thomson, and Peter J. A. Hutchinson, 591–614. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198746706.003.0050.

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This chapter on bAVM, DAVF, and CCF describes their development, management, and anticipated outcomes. Arteriovenous malformations (AVM) of the brain are diagnosed annually in 1 per 100 000 population, are acquired early in life and can present with intracerebral haemorrhage (ICH), seizure, headache, or neurological disorders. They rupture for the first time at 1–2% per year. Rate of rerupture is 4–6% per year. Spetzler-Ponce classes A, B, and C allow stratification of most likely treatment options into surgery, radiosurgery, and no intervention, respectively. The less frequent DAVF and CCF are discussed with the management pathways of conservative, embolization, and surgery. Because of the diversity of clinical scenario, decision-making is highly nuanced. CCF constitutes both DAVF involving the cavernous sinus (indirect fistulae) and direct fistula between ICA and sinus. Where multiple treatment pathways are reasonable, treatment is presented to facilitate comparison between modalities as well as providing advantages and disadvantages of each path.
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Ay, Cihan, and Florian Posch. "Management of pulmonary embolism in patients with cancer." In ESC CardioMed, 2790–94. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198784906.003.0666.

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Pulmonary embolism (PE) is a frequent complication in patients with cancer. Clinicians have to maintain a high index of suspicion to reduce the large proportion of PEs that remain undiagnosed in the cancer population. Thrombolysis is not a standard treatment for haemodynamically unstable patients with cancer-associated PE because the risk of haemorrhage can be excessive. Anticoagulation with a low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) for at least 6 months is the current standard of care for the treatment of cancer-associated PE, while vitamin K antagonists are a reasonable second choice for patients with contraindications against LMWH or a strong preference towards an oral agent. Although an indirect network meta-analysis suggests that non-vitamin K-dependent oral anticoagulants may be comparably efficacious and safe as LMWH for treating PE in cancer patients, these agents cannot be recommended as a standard first-line treatment at this time because a head-to-head comparison to the standard of care has not yet been reported. Anticoagulation beyond 6 months is an emerging concept; however, the patient population that may benefit from this intervention still needs to be defined. Guidance statements facilitate the management of challenging patients with brain metastases, unsuspected PE, thrombocytopenia, and recurrent PE.
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Reinisch, August. "INTRODUCTORY NOTE." In The Global Community Yearbook of International Law and Jurisprudence 2019, 725–40. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197513552.003.0032.

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This chapter discusses the 2018 jurisprudence of the International Centre for Settlement of Investment Disputes (ICSID) tribunals and ad hoc committees, which addressed among others the notion of “investment” under Article 25 ICSID Convention, illegality in the making of an investment, and the jurisdictional or admissibility nature of waiting periods qualifying host state consent to investor-state arbitration. They also dealt with direct and indirect expropriation and broadly affirmed the Methanex/Saluka doctrine. In this respect, arbitral tribunals emphasized their limited power of review, stressing that it was not their task to sit in judgment over difficult political and policy decisions made by states. In regard to fair and equitable treatment, tribunals have emphasised that investors’ due diligence plays a crucial role in measuring the legitimacy and reasonableness of their expectations and that proportionality as well as reasonableness are important considerations when assessing the scope of a state’s police powers. ICSID jurisprudence has also firmly adopted the three-step test developed by NAFTA tribunals in order to determine possible violations of the non-discrimination standard of national treatment: (i) to identify the relevant subjects for comparison; (ii) to consider the treatment each comparator receives; and (iii) to consider any factors that justify any differential treatment. Furthermore, ICSID ad hoc committees continued to apply a very restrictive standard of review under Article 52 ICSID Convention.
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Seth, Divya, and Santosh Maruthy. "Speech Therapy for Children Who Stutter." In Advances in Psychology, Mental Health, and Behavioral Studies, 321–44. IGI Global, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-4955-0.ch017.

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This chapter aims to investigate and evaluate the evidence available for stuttering treatment research in children who stutter (CWS) and provide a qualitative review of the same. Studies were considered for review if (1) they were behavioral intervention of stuttering for children, (2) participants were in the age range of 2-18 years, and (3) the outcomes reported assessed stuttering. Twenty-seven studies were obtained through an electronic search of databases covering two approaches and 10 techniques. The analysis of these studies revealed that direct approaches have a stronger evidence base in comparison to the indirect approaches. The most popular approach with maximum studies is the early intervention Lidcombe program. The commonly used outcome measures included the percentage of syllables stuttered, syllables per minute, and severity rating scales. The conclusion drawn from the review suggest that evidence base to support behavioral intervention of CWS exists for a limited number of intervention techniques and among them very few exploring the long-term effects of the intervention.
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McQuay, Henry J., and Philip Wiffen. "Antidepressants and antiepileptics for neuropathic pain." In Neuropathic Pain, 95–104. Oxford University Press, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199563678.003.0011.

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Antidepressants and antiepileptics are well-established treatments for neuropathic pain Clinical trial evidence can be limited in both scope of neuropathic pain conditions studied and duration of treatment. This leaves prescribers to extrapolate evidence to other conditions, and without information on longer-term effects Lack of head-to-head comparisons results in the use of indirect evidence such as NNTs, but the sample size used to derive NNT values is equally important...
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Conference papers on the topic "Indirect treatment comparison"

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Li, Qian, Wen-ting Liu, Jing-jun Xu, Jian-hui Xie, and Xiao-bo Yang. "Different interventions for the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome-adjusted indirect comparison." In 2014 IEEE International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedicine (BIBM). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/bibm.2014.6999327.

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Briceño Casado, MDP, S. Fenix-Caballero, MD Gil-Sierra, M. Dominguez Cantero, and EJ Alegre-Del Rey. "4CPS-132 Indirect treatment comparison of anti-calcitonin gene related peptide pathway antibodies in chronic migraine." In 25th EAHP Congress, 25th–27th March 2020, Gothenburg, Sweden. British Medical Journal Publishing Group, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/ejhpharm-2020-eahpconf.233.

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Atkins, Michael B., David McDermott, Ahmad Tarhini, Michael Rael, Komal Gupte-Singh, Elliot O'Brien, Corey Ritchings, and Sumati Rao. "Abstract 3639: Matching-adjusted indirect comparison of nivolumab + ipilimumab and BRAF+MEK inhibitors for the treatment ofBRAF-mutant treatment-naive advanced melanoma." In Proceedings: AACR Annual Meeting 2018; April 14-18, 2018; Chicago, IL. American Association for Cancer Research, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2018-3639.

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Gardner, Thomas R., Faiq Amin, Aron M. Trocchia, Andrew J. Cordiale, Michael W. Grafe, Ryan A. Beekman, Nathan L. Taylor, and Melvin P. Rosenwasser. "Comparison of Three Repair Techniques to Restore Scapholunate Kinematics in a Cadaver Model of a Simulated Scapholunate Dissociation." In ASME 2007 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2007-176685.

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The scapholunate ligament plays a vital role in normal physiological wrist kinematics. Rupture of this ligament is common and results in a dorsal intercalated segment instability (DISI) deformity that, if not corrected, progresses to a scapholunate advanced collapse (SLAC) wrist. Multiple treatment techniques have been proposed to address scapholunate dissociation such as indirect soft tissue repairs, autografts, allografts, and arthrodesis. Yet no single procedure has proven to be superior clinically or biomechanically for chronic DISI deformity. This study accurately assesses the degree to which three repair techniques, the Reverse Blatt’s Capsulodesis [1] (RBC), the Bone-Ligament-Bone autograft repair technique (BLB) and the Reduction and Association of the Scaphoid and Lunate (RASL), restore the normal physiologic scapho-lunate in vitro kinematics following a simulated scapholunate dissociation in a human cadaveric model.
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Sharma, Ratnesh, Rocky Shih, Alan McReynolds, Cullen Bash, Chandrakant Patel, and Tom Christian. "Water Utilization in Data Center Infrastructure." In ASME 2010 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2010-40819.

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Fresh water is one of the few resources which is scarce and has no replacement; it is also closely coupled to energy consumption. Fresh water usage for power generation and other cooling applications is well known and accounts for 40% of total freshwater withdrawal in the U. S[1]. A significant amount of energy is embedded in the consumption of water for conveyance, treatment and distribution of water. Waste water treatment plants also consume a significant amount of energy. For example, water distribution systems and water treatment plants consume 1.3MWh and 0.5MWh[2], respectively, for every million gallons of water processed. Water consumption in data centers is often overlooked due to low cost impact compared to energy and other consumables. With the current trend towards local onsite generation[3], the role of water in data centers is more crucial than ever. Apart from actual water consumption, the impact of embedded energy in water is only beginning to be considered in water end-use analyses conducted by major utilities[4]. From a data center end-use perspective, water usage can be characterized as direct, for cooling tower operation, and indirect, for power generation to operate the IT equipment and cooling infrastructure[5]. In the past, authors have proposed and implemented metrics to evaluate direct and indirect water usage using an energy-based metric. These metrics allow assessment of water consumption at various power consumption levels in the IT infrastructure and enable comparison with other energy efficiency metrics within a data center or among several data centers[6]. Water consumption in data centers is a function of power demand, outside air temperature and water quality. While power demand affects both direct and indirect water consumption, water quality and outside air conditions affect direct water consumption. Water from data center infrastructure is directly discharged in various forms such as water vapor and effluent from cooling towers. Classification of direct water consumption is one of the first steps towards optimization of water usage. Subsequently, data center processes can be managed to reduce water intake and discharge. In this paper, we analyze water consumption from data center cooling towers and propose techniques to reuse and reduce water in the data center.
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Gianni, L., V. Arcangeli, C. Gianni, L. Stocchi, L. Menghini, D. Samorani, C. Ridolfi, T. Emiliano, and D. Tassinari. "Abstract P3-11-05: Everolimus-exemestane (EE) vs palbociclib-fulvestrant (PF) or abemaciclib-fulvestrant (AF) or everolimus-fulvestrant (EF) in the treatment of metastatic HR+, HER2- metastatic breast cancer and prior aromatase inhibitors treatment. An indirect comparison with network meta-analysis." In Abstracts: 2017 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; December 5-9, 2017; San Antonio, Texas. American Association for Cancer Research, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs17-p3-11-05.

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Lorusso, Domenica, Holly Guy, Jean Hamilton, Yevgeniy Samyshkin, Karin Travers, Carol Hawkes, and Robert L. Coleman. "366 Feasibility study of a network meta-analysis and unanchored population-adjusted indirect treatment comparison of niraparib, olaparib, and bevacizumab as maintenance therapies in patients with newly diagnosed advanced ovarian cancer." In ESGO SoA 2020 Conference Abstracts. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/ijgc-2020-esgo.125.

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Selvi, P., O. Montero-Perez, and S. Portilo-Haro. "4CPS-098 Indirect treatment comparisons of ibrutinib–obinotuzumab versus venetoclax–obinotuzumab in naive chronic lymphocytic leukaemia." In 25th EAHP Congress, 25th–27th March 2020, Gothenburg, Sweden. British Medical Journal Publishing Group, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/ejhpharm-2020-eahpconf.199.

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Galli, Claudio, and Alessandro Tosarelli. "Rapporto di ricerca storica sulle superfici architettoniche esterne della fortezza di San Leo." In FORTMED2020 - Defensive Architecture of the Mediterranean. Valencia: Universitat Politàcnica de València, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/fortmed2020.2020.11532.

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Historical research report on the external architectural surfaces of the fortress of San LeoThe hinterland of Rimini is characterized by the presence of many castles, but the fortress of San Leo is certainly the most representative because of its position and the different constructive contributions that over time have updated its appearance and military functions. Cited by Dante and Machiavelli for the impervious nature on which it stands, its origin dates back to the early Middle Ages. It was rehashed following the imprint of Francesco di Giorgio Martini in the fifteenth century, restored by Giuseppe Valadier at the end of the eighteenth century and converted to a prison in 1631. A peculiarity that makes the studies on the fortress of San Leo absolutely interesting is the treatment of the external architectural surfaces of which there is ample documentation in the historical archives and of which there are multiple uses in the various areas of the factory; the research aims to offer useful knowledge for the subsequent conservation and restoration project. The theme, completely original, arises from indirect investigations of a documentary and iconographic nature, conducted at the State Archives of Pesaro, Florence, Rome, the Central State Archive and the Vatican Secret Archive, which repeatedly refer in the accounting of works, starting from the seventeenth century, the execution of plasters executed outside the monument. The interpretative tension of the archival documents and the drawings continued by looking for a direct comparison between historical information and materiality of the fortress, in order to identify a correspondence between historical data and constructive reality. It emerges clearly that the external surfaces of many parts of the fortress were treated and finished with plaster since its origins, probably due to the exposure to atmospheric agents; therefore a rethinking of what is reported in the literature is necessary both in terms of interpretative profile of the fortress, and about how its image was perceived over the centuries.
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van Heek, A. I. "ACACIA: A Small Scale Nuclear Power Plant With Cogeneration Capabilities." In ASME Turbo Expo 2002: Power for Land, Sea, and Air. ASMEDC, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2002-30512.

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Nuclear power currently only serves the market segment of large scale base load electricity generation. Other energy markets, like cogeneration and heat production or market segments like the smaller scale (but still industrial) electricity production are entirely served with fossil fuels (and hydropower). When these fuels at acceptable prices are being depleted and if actively marketed, and if an inherently safe small-scale nuclear plant could be developed and marketed, a huge market could emerge for this new form of nuclear power. Pebble Bed High Temperature Reactor technology is most suitable for designing small inherently safe nuclear reactors. The oldest small designs were meant for application as district heating plants, making full use of the self-controlling features of nuclear reactors. The ACACIA concept (AdvanCed Atomic Cogenerator for Industrial Applications) is a design for industrial cogeneration, producing 13.6 MW of electricity and 17 tons of industrial quality steam per hour, with a total efficiency of 63%. In case the electricity production would be maximized at the expense of the steam quality, an electrical output of 16.5 MW could be achieved, and the plant efficiency would rise to 86% (electric efficiency 41%). The heat source is a pebble bed reactor with 40 MW of thermal power. The energy conversion system is a direct recuperated helium cycle with a radial compressor and an axial helium turbine. A number of operational and safety related transients have been calculated with two different simulation codes. The safety related transient analyses show the reactor power and the fuel temperature bebaviour after a full loss of coolant accident, and illustrate the inhrently safe nature of the plant. The operational transient simulations show the suitability of the system for an industrial user. Furthermore, the transport of radioactive fission products within the primary circuit has been analyzed. A cost study shows high kWh-costs compared to large scale generating plants, but the treatment of scaling factors for this particular case needs continued attention. However, for those areas in the world without fossil fuel supply networks and with only small-scale demand, ACACIA will still be an economic option. To improve matching with non-utility market needs, the current ACACIA design will be adapted from a direct cycle system to an indirect cycle system, where primary cycle will be strictly separated from the remainder of the plant. A conceptual comparison with the direct cycle system will be discussed.
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Reports on the topic "Indirect treatment comparison"

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Guozhi, Wu. Mesenchymal stem cell versus vedolizumab in the treatment of complex perianal fistula of crohn disease: a systematical review and indirect comparision. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review Protocols, April 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2020.4.0037.

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