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Journal articles on the topic 'Individual sport modality'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 11 February 2022

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1

de la Parte, Alejandro, Francesca Monticelli, Víctor Toro-Román, and Francisco Pradas. "Differences in Oral Health Status in Elite Athletes According to Sport Modalities." Sustainability 13, no. 13 (2021): 7282. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13137282.

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Oral health status may affect physical and sports performance. The purpose of this study was to assess the oral health status and oral health habits of elite athletes according to the performed sports type. A sample of 186 elite athletes divided into individual sports (n = 74; 53 men and 21 women; 24.9 ± 9.3 years) and team sports (n = 112; 97 men and 15 women; 24.5 ± 4.8 years) participated in the study. The decayed, missing, and filled teeth index (DMFT), the oral health impact profile (OHIP), and the diet assessment of caries risk (DACR) were evaluated to assess their oral health status. At

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Elmer, Steven J., and James C. Martin. "Construction of an Isokinetic Eccentric Cycle Ergometer for Research and Training." Journal of Applied Biomechanics 29, no. 4 (2013): 490–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jab.29.4.490.

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Eccentric cycling serves a useful exercise modality in clinical, research, and sport training settings. However, several constraints can make it difficult to use commercially available eccentric cycle ergometers. In this technical note, we describe the process by which we built an isokinetic eccentric cycle ergometer using exercise equipment modified with commonly available industrial parts. Specifically, we started with a used recumbent cycle ergometer and removed all the original parts leaving only the frame and seat. A 2.2 kW electric motor was attached to a transmission system that was the

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3

Gallardo Peña, Manuel Antonio, Marta Domíngez Escribano, and Carmen González González de Mesa. "Inteligencia emocional y conducta agresiva en el deporte ¿Puede inferir la modalidad deportiva y las horas de entrenamiento? (Emotional intelligence and aggressive behavior in sport. Can sports modality and hours of training infer?)." Retos, no. 35 (September 7, 2018): 176–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.47197/retos.v0i35.66213.

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El objetivo del presente estudio es comprobar si existe relación entre las horas semanales de entrenamiento, la inteligencia emocional (IE) y la agresividad que manifiestan los deportistas. También se pretende conocer si es sexo, edad, cantidad de horas de entrenamiento y modalidad de práctica (deportes individuales, de contacto o de no contacto), infieren en la inteligencia emocional y la agresividad. Los participantes en el estudio han sido 472 deportistas españoles (n=235 varones y n=237 mujeres) pertenecientes a 22 clubs. Los resultados muestran que los deportistas que practican deportes d

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Sena Junior, Antônio Walter, Danilo Reis Coimbra, Helder Zimmermann De Oliveira, and Renato Miranda. "A motivação autodeterminada em corredores recreacionais: uma abordagem quanti-qualitativa." Caderno de Educação Física e Esporte 17, no. 2 (2019): 29–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.36453/2318-5104.2019.v17.n2.p29.

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Introdução: Nas últimas décadas o número de corredores de rua recreacionais aumentou substancialmente no Brasil. Assim, pesquisadores da Psicologia do Esporte vêm tentando identificar quais os motivos levam as pessoas a praticarem essa modalidade. Uma das teorias mais aceitas para entender a motivação do indivíduo para o esporte e exercício é a Teoria da Autodeterminação (TAD). A TAD define a motivação em um continuum, do indivíduo mais autodeterminado (intrinsecamente motivado) até o menos autodeterminado (amotivado). Objetivo: Identificar e analisar a motivação de corredores de rua recreacio

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Costa, Isabelle Plociniak, André Felipe Caregnato, José Francisco López-Gil, and Fernando Renato Cavichiolli. "Atletismo: iniciação esportiva de acordo com atletas olímpicos brasileiros (Atletismo: iniciación deportiva según atletas olímpicos brasileños) (Athletics: sports initiation according to Brazilian Olympic athletes)." Retos, no. 39 (June 5, 2020): 163–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.47197/retos.v0i39.78621.

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Resumo. A formação esportiva é um processo que depende de vários fatores internos e externos ao individuo. Nesse processo, a forma que ocorre a iniciação esportiva é de alta relevância, pois um planejamento organizado possibilita uma formação qualificada. O objetivo deste estudo é investigar como ocorre a iniciação esportiva na modalidade de atletismo de acordo com a perspectiva de atletas olímpicos brasileiros. Metodologia: Foi utilizada uma pesquisa do tipo qualitativo empregando a técnica de entrevistas semiestruturada, sendo que os dados obtidos foram agrupados a partir dos preceitos do mé

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Vopat, Matthew L., Maaz Hassan, Tanner Poppe, et al. "Return to Sport After Turf Toe Injuries: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis." Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine 7, no. 10 (2019): 232596711987513. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2325967119875133.

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Background: The prevalence of turf toe injuries has increased in recent years. However, uncertainty remains as to how to optimally treat turf toe injuries and the implications that the severity of the injury has on outcomes, specifically return to sport (RTS). Purpose: To determine RTS based on treatment modality and to provide clinicians with additional information when comparing operative versus nonoperative treatment of turf toe injuries in athletes. Study Design: Systematic review; Level of evidence, 4. Methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis was performed using the PubMed/Ovid MEDL

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Sethi, N. "Neuroimaging in contact sports: Determining brain fitness before and after a bout." South African Journal of Sports Medicine 29, no. 1 (2017): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/2078-516x/2017/v29i1a3235.

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Background: Professional boxing and mixed martial arts (MMA) are popular contact sports with high risk for both acute and chronic traumatic brain injury (TBI). Although rare, combatants have died in the ring/cage or soon after the completion of the bout. The cause of death in these cases is usually acute subdural hematoma, acute epidural hematoma, subarachnoid haemorrhage, intracranial haemorrhage, or second-impact syndrome (SIS). Neuroimaging or brain imaging is currently included in the process of registering for a license to fight in a combat sport in most states in the United States and ar

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Moreira, Miguel, and César Peixoto. "Qualitative Task Analysis to Enhance Sports Characterization: A Surfing Case Study." Journal of Human Kinetics 42, no. 1 (2014): 245–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/hukin-2014-0078.

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Abstract The aim of this study was to develop a Matrix of Analysis for Sports Tasks (MAST), regardless of the sports activity, based on practice classification and task analysis. Being this a qualitative research our main question was: in assessing sports’ structure is it possible to make the characterization of any discipline through context and individuals’ behaviours? The sample was within a surf discipline in a competition flowing having 5 of the top 16 Portuguese surfers training together. Based on a qualitative method, studying the surf as the main activity was an interpretative study ca

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Castro-Sánchez, M., F. Zurita-Ortega, and R. Chacón-Cuberos. "Clima motivacional en deportistas en función de la modalidad deportiva." SPORT TK-Revista EuroAmericana de Ciencias del Deporte 8, no. 1 (2019): 31–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.6018/sportk.362031.

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La presente investigación tiene como objetivo analizar el clima motivacional de deportistas de diferentes modalidades deportivas en función del sexo, en una muestra compuesta por un total de 372 sujetos de edades comprendidas entre los 18 y 50 años, evaluados mediante el cuestionario de Clima Motivacional (PMCQS-2) y una hoja de auto registro que midió las variables sexo y modalidad deportiva practicada. Los resultados indican que los individuos analizados se orientan en su mayoría hacia a la tarea, encontrando una mayor orientación al ego en hombres que en mujeres. Los sujetos analizados que

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Silva, Hítalo Andrade, Muana Pereira Passos, Valéria Alves Oliveira, Yslainy Araújo Silva, Ana Carolina Rodarti Pitangui, and Rodrigo Cappato Araújo. "Prevalence of Anxiety, Depression and Stress Symptoms and its Association with Neck/Shoulder Pain in Adolescents Athletes." Motricidade 13, no. 4 (2018): 13. http://dx.doi.org/10.6063/motricidade.9703.

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Psychological distress is among the main causes of the onset or worsening of pain symptoms in young sports people. The increasing participation of adolescents in various sports increases the need to verify the prevalence and association of these affective disorders such as anxiety, stress and depression with pain in the shoulder girdle and in the cervical region that are typical in sportspeople who use more frequently the upper limbs. The sample (n = 310; 14.16±2.12 years). Corlett's body diagram and the Brazilian short version of the anxiety, depression and stress scale (DASS-21) were used. I

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Dalili, Danoob, Amanda Isaac, Ali Rashidi, Gunnar Åström, and Jan Fritz. "Image-guided Sports Medicine and Musculoskeletal Tumor Interventions: A Patient-Centered Model." Seminars in Musculoskeletal Radiology 24, no. 03 (2020): 290–309. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0040-1710065.

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AbstractThe spectrum of effective musculoskeletal (MSK) interventions is broadening and rapidly evolving. Increasing demands incite a perpetual need to optimize services and interventions by maximizing the diagnostic and therapeutic yield, reducing exposure to ionizing radiation, increasing cost efficiency, as well as identifying and promoting effective procedures to excel in patient satisfaction ratings and outcomes. MSK interventions for the treatment of oncological conditions, and conditions related to sports injury can be performed with different imaging modalities; however, there is usual

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Cardinale, Marco, and Julie A. Erskine. "Vibration Training in Elite Sport: Effective Training Solution or Just Another Fad?" International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance 3, no. 2 (2008): 232–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/ijspp.3.2.232.

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The use of vibration as a training intervention has been suggested for more than a decade. Following the initial promising studies, a large number of investigations have been conducted to understand the acute and chronic effects of this novel training modality mainly using special populations, sedentary, physically active, and aged individuals. There is a small number of studies involving athletes. For this reason it is at the moment very difficult to provide safe and effective training guidelines to athletes. We discuss the current findings related to the effectiveness on elite athletes and p

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Slimani, Maamer, Karim Chamari, Bianca Miarka, Fabricio B. Del Vecchio, and Foued Chéour. "Effects of Plyometric Training on Physical Fitness in Team Sport Athletes: A Systematic Review." Journal of Human Kinetics 53, no. 1 (2016): 231–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/hukin-2016-0026.

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AbstractPlyometric training (PT) is a very popular form of physical conditioning of healthy individuals that has been extensively studied over the last decades. In this article, we critically review the available literature related to PT and its effects on physical fitness in team sport athletes. We also considered studies that combined PT with other popular training modalities (e.g. strength/sprint training). Generally, short-term PT (i.e. 2-3 sessions a week for 4-16 weeks) improves jump height, sprint and agility performances in team sport players. Literature shows that short PT (<8 week

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Griggs, Katy E., Christof A. Leicht, Michael J. Price, and Victoria L. Goosey-Tolfrey. "Thermoregulation During Intermittent Exercise in Athletes With a Spinal-Cord Injury." International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance 10, no. 4 (2015): 469–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/ijspp.2014-0361.

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Purpose:Individuals with a spinal-cord injury have impaired thermoregulatory control due to a loss of sudomotor and vasomotor effectors below the lesion level. Thus, individuals with high-level lesions (tetraplegia) possess greater thermoregulatory impairment than individuals with lower-level lesions (paraplegia). Previous research has not reflected the intermittent nature and modality of wheelchair court sports or replicated typical environmental temperatures. Hence, the purpose of this study was to investigate the thermoregulatory responses of athletes with tetraplegia and paraplegia during

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Sukhomlyn, Valentyna. "Stable word-combinations with a verbal component as the expressive means of subjective modality in german publicistic writing: the pragmatic aspect." Vìsnik Marìupolʹsʹkogo deržavnogo unìversitetu. Serìâ: Fìlologìâ 13, no. 22 (2020): 244–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.34079/2226-3055-2020-13-22-244-250.

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The paper is devoted to the study of stable word-combinations with a verbal component, which are seen in the context as the expressive means of subjective modality. German online texts on political, social and sports topics were analyzed in this research. In this paper the functional approach is applied to the study of the above-mentioned linguistic phenomenon. It was proved that stable word-combinations with a verbal component indicate features of phraseological unities and phraseological combinations and are quite common in German publicistic texts. The word-combinations are identified diffe

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Cao, Jue, Kelly Currie, Patrick Carry, Grady Maddox, Samantha Nino, and Kyros Ipaktchi. "Smartphone-Based Thermal Imaging: A New Modality for Tissue Temperature Measurement in Hand and Upper Extremity Surgeries." HAND 13, no. 3 (2017): 350–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1558944717710765.

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Background: Smartphone-based thermal imaging (SBTI) allows noninvasive temperature measurements. Its validity compared with a conventional infrared probe temperature scanner (IPTS) has not been studied. This study compares temperature measurements between the 2 technologies on human participants. Methods: Bilateral index finger temperature measurements were obtained on 30 healthy participants using IPTS and SBTI devices. Dominant versus nondominant sides (side-to-side difference) and individual side measurements between the 2 methods were compared for repeatability (precision) and agreement. R

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Teixeira, Rômulo Vasconcelos, Matheus Dantas, Dihogo Gama de Motas, et al. "Retrospective Study of Risk Factors and the Prevalence of Injuries in HIFT." International Journal of Sports Medicine 41, no. 03 (2020): 168–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/a-1062-6551.

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AbstractThe aim of this study was to investigate the risk factors and the incidence of injuries in high-intensity functional training (HIFT) practitioners. A survey was administered to 213 HIFT practitioners. Participants reported the number of injuries, the location of the injuries, and training exposure during the preceding six months and answered questions regarding potential risk factors for injury. We found there were 7.1 injuries for every 1000 hours of training. In addition, we found that individuals with experience in the modality (>2 years) were 3.77 times more likely to be affecte

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Rush, Justin L., Lindsey K. Lepley, Steven Davi, and Adam S. Lepley. "The Immediate Effects of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation on Quadriceps Muscle Function in Individuals With a History of Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction: A Preliminary Investigation." Journal of Sport Rehabilitation 29, no. 8 (2020): 1121–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jsr.2019-0179.

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Context: Altered quadriceps activation is common following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR), and can persist for years after surgery. These neural deficits are due, in part, to chronic central nervous system alterations. Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is a noninvasive modality, that is, believed to immediately increase motor neuron activity by stimulating the primary motor cortex, making it a promising modality to use improve outcomes in the ACLR population. Objective: To determine if a single treatment of tDCS would result in increased quadriceps activity and d

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Popadic-Gacesa, Jelena. "Training for genes - how to design it?" Medical review 70, no. 7-8 (2017): 227–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/mpns1708227p.

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Introduction. The aim of this short review was not to be just another systematic report, but to highlight further research hypotheses regarding the challenges in performance genomics by focusing on three papers published in 2016, which offer innovative and promising approach that would be a breakthrough in more exact application of genetic data in practical work of sports experts and training design. Genes for sports. More than 200 single nucleotide polymorphisms and genetic traits associated with fitness performance have been reported in numerous studies, but genes for angiotensin converting

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Kelly, Maryellen S., John S. Wiener, Tiebin Liu, et al. "Neurogenic bowel treatments and continence outcomes in children and adults with myelomeningocele." Journal of Pediatric Rehabilitation Medicine 13, no. 4 (2020): 685–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/prm-190667.

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PURPOSE: Neurogenic bowel dysfunction (NBD) is a common comorbidity of myelomeningocele (MMC), the most common and severe form of spina bifida. The National Spina Bifida Patient Registry (NSBPR) is a research collaboration between the CDC and Spina Bifida Clinics. Fecal continence (continence) outcomes for common treatment modalities for NBD have not been described in a large sample of individuals with MMC. NSBPR patients with MMC and NBD were studied to determine variation in continence status and their ability to perform their treatment independently according to treatment modality and indiv

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Altavilla, Cesare, Roberto Cejuela, and Pablo Caballero-Pérez. "Effect of Different Feedback Modalities on Swimming Pace: Which Feedback Modality is Most Effective?" Journal of Human Kinetics 65, no. 1 (2018): 187–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/hukin-2018-0026.

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Abstract To compare the effect of three different feedback modalities on swimming pace, sixteen male swimmers and triathletes participated in this study. Each participant swam 3 x 400 m, one for each feedback modality, swimming front crawl at 80% of their individual swimming critical speed. Three feedback modalities were examined: self-pacing, real time visual feedback and real time voice feedback. The swimmers adopted a fast start in all feedback modalities. In the real time voice feedback modality, the data recorded during the second lap (200 m) showed a significant improvement of their swim

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Weissler Snir, Adaya, Kim A. Connelly, Jack M. Goodman, David Dorian, and Paul Dorian. "Exercise in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: restrict or rethink." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 320, no. 5 (2021): H2101—H2111. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.00850.2020.

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The detailed physiological consequences of aerobic training, in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM), are not well understood. In athletes and nonathletes with HCM, there are two hypothetical concerns with respect to exercise: exercise-related worsening of the phenotype (e.g., promoting hypertrophy and fibrosis) and/or triggering of arrhythmia. The former concern is unproven and animal studies suggest an opposite effect, where exercise has been shown to be protective. The main reason for exercise restriction in HCM is fear of exercise-induced arrhythmia. Although the safety of sport

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Grassler, Marine, Sandrine Knobé, and William Gasparini. "Les parcours de prévention par le sport de l’obésité chez les enfants d’un quartier populaire strasbourgeois : transmissions familiales et rapports à l’activité physique." Movement & Sport Sciences - Science & Motricité, no. 103 (2019): 75–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/sm/2019002.

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Depuis 2014, la ville de Strasbourg a mis en place un parcours de prévention intitulé « PRise En Charge Coordonnée des enfants Obèses et en Surpoids de Strasbourg » (PRECCOSS) destiné aux enfants âgés de 3 à 12 ans. Les enfants en situation de surpoids ou d’obésité bénéficient ainsi d’une prise en charge gratuite d’une durée de trois ans avec un suivi individuel et des ateliers collectifs d’activité physique. Dans cette tranche d’âge, la famille joue un rôle important d’accompagnement ou d’incitation mais également de transmission de comportements actifs selon différentes modalités et stratégi

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Mosquera, Janeth, Diana C. Parra, Luis Fernando Gomez, Olga Sarmiento, Tom Schmid, and Enrique Jacoby. "An Inside Look at Active Transportation in Bogotá: A Qualitative Study." Journal of Physical Activity and Health 9, no. 6 (2012): 776–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jpah.9.6.776.

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Background:The health benefits of physical activity are well documented in scientific literature. Bicycling for transportation is a modality of physical activity that people can incorporate easily into their daily lives.Methods:A qualitative study using 11 semi-structured individual interviews and 5 focus groups was conducted among 31 male and 13 female adult residents of Bogotá, Colombia in 2006, to explore barriers and facilitators of bicycle use for transportation purposes. People were selected based on socioeconomic status, age, and gender. Thematic analysis complemented with thematic netw

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Doyle, Andrew T., Christine Lauber, and Kendra Sabine. "The Effects of Low-Level Laser Therapy on Pain Associated With Tendinopathy: A Critically Appraised Topic." Journal of Sport Rehabilitation 25, no. 1 (2016): 83–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jsr.2014-0219.

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Clinical Scenario:Tendinopathies plague many active individuals, causing pain and reducing sport activity by decreasing range of motion and strength. There are many modalities that have been used to treat pain associated with chronic inflammation, such as ultrasound, moist heat packs, and electrical stimulation. Low-level laser therapy (LLLT) is one such modality. Potential benefits of managing pain associated with tendinopathies have been investigated using LLLT. Cellular respiration and metabolism are thought to be increased by LLLT acting on the mitochondrial cytochromes. The effects LLLT m

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Araújo, Matheus Karia, Rafael Castro Mendanha Barros, and Antônio da Silva Menezes Junior. "PHYSICAL TRAINING IN ATHLETES: ANALYSIS OF CARDIAC AUTONOMIC MODULATION." Revista Brasileira de Medicina do Esporte 27, no. 1 (2021): 36–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1517-8692202127012020_0004.

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ABSTRACT Introduction Cardiac autonomic modulation (CAM) is a result of the balance between the sympathetic and parasympathetic systems. This interaction results in heart rate variation (HRV), analyzed by specific electrocardiographic parameters. These parameters are modified by the practice of physical activity, indicating better cardiac conditioning. Objectives To evaluate the cardiac autonomic modulation of athletes of the XXVIII Ecological Walk at two separate times during their period of physical training. Also, to link the practice of physical activity with stress reduction in these indi

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Krüger, Karsten, Thomas Reichel, and Carsten Zeilinger. "Role of heat shock proteins 70/90 in exercise physiology and exercise immunology and their diagnostic potential in sports." Journal of Applied Physiology 126, no. 4 (2019): 916–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.01052.2018.

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Heat shock proteins (HSPs) are molecular chaperones facilitating the unfolding or folding of secondary structures of proteins, their client proteins, in cellular stress situations. Various internal and external physiological and mechanical stress factors induce a homeostatic imbalance, followed by an increased expression of HSP70 and HSP90. Exercise is a stress factor, too, and its cumulative physiological perturbation manifests at a cellular level by threatening the protein homeostasis of various cell types. Consequently, an increase of HSP70/90 was described in plasma and mononuclear cells a

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Hotfiel, Thilo, Marion Kellermann, Bernd Swoboda, et al. "Application of Acoustic Radiation Force Impulse Elastography in Imaging of Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness: A Comparative Analysis With 3T MRI." Journal of Sport Rehabilitation 27, no. 4 (2018): 348–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jsr.2017-0003.

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Context: Delayed onset muscle soreness is one of the most common reasons for impaired muscle performance in sports and is associated with reduced muscle strength and frequently observed both in professional and recreational athletes. Objective: To emphasize the diagnostic value of acoustic radiation force impulse (ARFI) in imaging of delayed onset muscle soreness by comparing findings with high-resolution 3T magnetic resonance imaging T2-weighted sequences. Design: Case series. Setting: Laboratory environment. Participants: Fifteen healthy students (7 females and 8 males; mean [SD]: age 24 [4]

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Baker, Brett, Stephanie Lapierre, and Hirofumi Tanaka. "Role of Cross-training in Orthopaedic Injuries and Healthcare Burden in Masters Swimmers." International Journal of Sports Medicine 40, no. 01 (2018): 52–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/a-0759-2063.

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AbstractWe determined whether the incidence of injuries would increase with advancing age and whether the participation in cross-training would be related to a decreased rate of injuries and healthcare costs in Masters swimmers. A total of 499 swimmers (55±14 years of age) belonging to US Masters Swimming completed a comprehensive questionnaire that included questions regarding their medical history as well as their training history. In average, swimmers had been training for 13±12 years, and 35, 40, and 47% participated in running, cycling, and dryland resistance training, respectively. Accor

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Drexler, MS, LRT/CTRS, Karen. "Case history: Use of the Nintendo Wii to increase fine motor dexterity post cerebral vascular accident." American Journal of Recreation Therapy 8, no. 3 (2009): 41–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.5055/ajrt.2009.0020.

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Use of the low cost commercially available gaming console (Nintendo Wii) is a current trend in the rehabilitation environment. Released in 2006 by Nintendo, Veterans Affairs Medical Centers across the country are just setting one, Wii is being used as a physical, social, and cognitive tool. This case report seeks to provide evidence of its use as a rehabilitation tool for individuals who have experienced a recent stroke. By using whole body movements, the Wii sports games help in both gross motor and fine motor skills as well as in hand–eye coordination. This case study involves an older adult

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Boyarkina, Iren. "Positive influence of certain sports on learning and second language acquisition processes." Zbornik radova Filozofskog fakulteta u Pristini 51, no. 1 (2021): 309–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/zrffp51-30724.

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Various research convincingly demonstrated positive influence of certain sports and physical exercises on brain and brain functions in general, and on cognitive functions in particular. As it has been demonstrated, efficient and well-developed cognitive functions enhance all human activities and are of crucial importance for learning. In particular, this paper focuses on the positive correlation between certain sports and language learning and its relevance to the Second Language Acquisition studies (SLA). In SLA, students' ability to process input strongly depends on their cognitive abilities

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Oliveira, Ediléa Monteiro de, Andressa Karoline Pinto de Lima Ribeiro, Dayse Danielle de Oliveira Silva, et al. "PHYSICAL TRAINING ON GLYCEMIA AND OXIDATIVE STRESS IN TYPE 2 DIABETES: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW." Revista Brasileira de Medicina do Esporte 26, no. 1 (2020): 70–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1517-869220202601187572.

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ABSTRACT Introduction: Diabetes mellitus is accompanied by increased formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and decreased antioxidant capacity, leading to oxidative damage to cellular components. There is evidence to suggest that regular physical training positively changes oxidative homeostasis in the cells and tissues by lowering basal levels of oxidative damage, increasing resistance to oxidative stress. Objective: To verify the possible effects of aerobic physical training and resistance on glycemia and oxidative metabolism, and to determine whether there is any difference in outcomes

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Varela, Silvia, José M. Cancela, Manuel Seijo-Martinez, and Carlos Ayán. "Self-Paced Cycling Improves Cognition on Institutionalized Older Adults Without Known Cognitive Impairment: A 15-Month Randomized Controlled Trial." Journal of Aging and Physical Activity 26, no. 4 (2018): 614–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/japa.2017-0135.

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This study aimed at identifying the effects of self-paced cycling on the cognitive and functional status and fall risk on institutionalized older adults without cognitive impairment. A total of 39 individuals were randomly assigned to an exercise group or to a control group. The exercise group participants cycled at their self-selected intensity at least for 15 min daily during 15 months. The control group participants performed recreational activities. The Mini-Mental State Examination, Fuld object memory evaluation, and symbol digit modality test were used for cognitive assessments. The Katz

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Hanke, Markus S., Till D. Lerch, Florian Schmaranzer, Malin K. Meier, Simon D. Steppacher, and Klaus A. Siebenrock. "Complications of hip preserving surgery." EFORT Open Reviews 6, no. 6 (2021): 472–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1302/2058-5241.6.210019.

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Preoperative evaluation of the pathomorphology is crucial for surgical planning, including radiographs as the basic modality and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and case-based additional imaging (e.g. 3D-CT, abduction views). Hip arthroscopy (HAS) has undergone tremendous technical advances, an immense increase in use and the indications are getting wider. The most common indications for revision arthroscopy are labral tears and residual femoroacetabular impingement (FAI). Treatment of borderline developmental dysplastic hip is currently a subject of controversy. It is paramount to understand

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Chastin, Sebastien F. M., Ukachukwu Abaraogu, Jan G. Bourgois, et al. "Effects of Regular Physical Activity on the Immune System, Vaccination and Risk of Community-Acquired Infectious Disease in the General Population: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis." Sports Medicine 51, no. 8 (2021): 1673–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40279-021-01466-1.

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Abstract Background Regular physical activity is the prime modality for the prevention of numerous non-communicable diseases and has also been advocated for resilience against COVID-19 and other infectious diseases. However, there is currently no systematic and quantitative evidence synthesis of the association between physical activity and the strength of the immune system. Objective To examine the association between habitual physical activity and (1) the risk of community-acquired infectious disease, (2) laboratory‐assessed immune parameters, and (3) immune response to vaccination. Methods

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Astur, Nelson, and Osmar Avanzi. "Balloon Kyphoplasty in the Treatment of Neoplastic Spine Lesions: A Systematic Review." Global Spine Journal 9, no. 3 (2018): 348–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2192568218768774.

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Study Design: Systematic review. Objectives: To assess the efficacy of kyphoplasty in controlling pain and improving quality of life in oncologic patients with metastatic spinal disease and pathologic compression fractures of the spine. Methods: A literature search through medical database was conducted (using PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane, and LILACS) for randomized controlled trials comparing balloon kyphoplasty versus the traditional treatment for compression fractures of the spine due to metastatic disease. Two investigators independently assessed all titles and abstracts to select potential ar

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Cugliari, Giovanni, and Gennaro Boccia. "Core Muscle Activation in Suspension Training Exercises." Journal of Human Kinetics 56, no. 1 (2017): 61–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/hukin-2017-0023.

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AbstractA quantitative observational laboratory study was conducted to characterize and classify core training exercises executed in a suspension modality on the base of muscle activation. In a prospective single-group repeated measures design, seventeen active male participants performed four suspension exercises typically associated with core training (roll-out, bodysaw, pike and knee-tuck). Surface electromyographic signals were recorded from lower and upper parts of rectus abdominis, external oblique, internal oblique, lower and upper parts of erector spinae muscles using concentric bipola

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Maheshwer, Bhargavi, Derrick M. Knapik, Evan M. Polce, Nikhil N. Verma, Robert F. LaPrade, and Jorge Chahla. "Contribution of Multimodal Analgesia to Postoperative Pain Outcomes Immediately After Primary Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Level 1 Randomized Clinical Trials." American Journal of Sports Medicine 49, no. 11 (2021): 3132–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0363546520980429.

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Background: Anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) is associated with moderate to severe pain in the immediate postoperative period. The optimal individual preemptive or intraoperative anesthetic modality on postoperative pain control is not well-known. Purpose: To systematically review and perform a meta-analysis comparing postoperative pain scores (visual analog scale [VAS]), opioid consumption, and incidence of complications during the first 24 hours after primary ACLR in patients receiving spinal anesthetic, adjunct regional nerve blocks, or local analgesics. Study Design: System

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Shadgan, Babak, Amir H. Pakravan, Alison Hoens, and W. Darlene Reid. "Contrast Baths, Intramuscular Hemodynamics, and Oxygenation as Monitored by Near-Infrared Spectroscopy." Journal of Athletic Training 53, no. 8 (2018): 782–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.4085/1062-6050-127-17.

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Context: Contrast baths (CB) is a thermal treatment modality used in sports medicine, athletic training, and rehabilitation settings. Proposed physiological effects of CB include increasing tissue blood flow and oxygenation and decreasing tissue swelling and edema to promote better healing, improved limb function, and quicker recovery. Objective: To investigate the physiological effects of CB on the intramuscular hemodynamics and oxygenation of the lower leg muscles using near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS), an optical method for monitoring changes in tissue oxygenated (O2Hb), deoxygenated (HHb)

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Zurita Ortega, Félix, Silvia San Román Mata, Rubén Moreno Arrebola, Asunción Martínez Martínez, Gabriel González Varelo, and Rosario Padial Ruz. "ANÁLISIS DE LAS PROPIEDADES PSICOMÉTRICAS DE LA ESCALA DE CONDUCTAS VIOLENTAS EN DEPORTISTAS ADOLESCENTES." International Journal of Developmental and Educational Psychology. Revista INFAD de Psicología. 2, no. 1 (2017): 429. http://dx.doi.org/10.17060/ijodaep.2017.n1.v2.955.

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Abstract.ANALYSIS OF THE PSYCHOMETRIC PROPERTIES OF THE SCALE OF VIOLENT BEHAVIORS IN ADOLESCENT SPORTSThe present study aims to determine and analyze the psychometric properties of instrument of the scale of violent behavior in the school proposed by Little, Henrich, Jones and Hawley (2003) and adapted to Spanish by the Lisis group (Estévez, 2005) in a population of adolescent athletes. The participants were 1823 athletes, aged between 13 and 17 of which 59.8% are male and 40.2% female, of which 66.9% participate in collective sports and 33.1% in individual modalities, for the analysis An exp

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Corrales Serrano, Mario, Jesús Sánchez-Martín, José Moreno Losada, and Francisco Zamora Polo. "The Role of the Social Sciences When Choosing University Studies: Motivations in Life Stories." Education Sciences 11, no. 8 (2021): 420. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/educsci11080420.

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The motivations that lead students to decide on a study modality or on a university degree provide relevant information to improve teaching–learning processes. This work addresses the question regarding the choice of study through analysis of four particular cases. They are special because the individuals chose their studies according to reasons different from the usual ones. To study these cases, interviews were carried out with the individuals. The results were subsequently analyzed according to a qualitative methodology using WebQDA software. The aim was to distinguish the incidence of inte

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Viviano, Stephen L., Laurel K. Chandler, and Jonathan D. Keith. "Ultrahigh Frequency Ultrasound Imaging of the Hand: A New Diagnostic Tool for Hand Surgery." HAND 13, no. 6 (2017): 720–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1558944717731856.

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Background: Ultrasonography is a cost-effective, noninvasive, and expedient imaging modality with numerous clinical applications. Conventional ultrasound uses transducers with frequencies that range from 5 to 12 MHz. However, ultrahigh frequency ultrasound (UHFUS) is capable of producing frequencies up to 70 MHz, which can achieve tissue resolution up to 30 μm. The purpose of our study is to present the capabilities of a novel technology and to describe its possible clinical applications for hand surgery. Methods: The Vevo 2100 (VisualSonics, Toronto, Canada) system was used to perform all ult

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Matos, Sérgio, Filipe Manuel Clemente, Rui Silva, Joel Pereira, and José María Cancela Carral. "Performance and Training Load Profiles in Recreational Male Trail Runners: Analyzing Their Interactions during Competitions." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 23 (2020): 8902. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17238902.

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Endurance sports like trail running constitute an extensive individual modality causing numerous physiological changes to occur in the athlete. In this sense, an adequate monitoring of training load appears to be essential to improve competition performance. The aim of this study was two-fold: (i) to analyze trail runners’ weekly load variations in the four weeks leading up to a trail running competition, and (ii) to determine the relationship between the runners’ pacing in competitions and their physical fitness and workload parameters. Twenty-five amateur male trail runners (age: 36.23 ± 8.3

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Rodrigues, João C., Alexandre L. Godoy-Santos, Marcelo P. Prado, et al. "Diagnostic Accuracy of Comparative Computed Tomography with Stress Maneuvers for Diagnosing Isolated Syndesmotic Instability in an Acute Ankle Sprain." Foot & Ankle Orthopaedics 5, no. 4 (2020): 2473011420S0007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2473011420s00075.

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Category: Ankle; Sports; Trauma Introduction/Purpose: Although there are several imaging options for diagnosing the syndesmotic injury, a fundamental question that guides treatment remains unanswered. Syndesmotic instability is still challenging to diagnose correctly, and syndesmotic disruption and true syndesmotic instability should be differentiated. Currently, imaging tests quickly diagnose severe syndesmotic instability but have difficulty in diagnosing mild and moderate cases. Recently, weight-bearing CT (WB-CT) has emerged as a new modality for the examination of syndesmosis; however, st

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Ramsey, Dan K., and Mary E. Russell. "Unloader Braces for Medial Compartment Knee Osteoarthritis: Implications on Mediating Progression." Sports Health: A Multidisciplinary Approach 1, no. 5 (2009): 416–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1941738109343157.

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Background: For persons with unicompartment knee osteoarthritis (OA), off-unloader braces are a mechanical intervention designed to reduce pain, improve physical function, and possibly slow disease progression. Pain relief is thought to be mediated by distracting the involved compartment via external varus or valgus forces applied to the knee. In so doing, tibiofemoral alignment is improved, and load is shifted off the degenerative compartment, where exposure to potentially damaging and provocative mechanical stresses are reduced. Objectives: To provide a synopsis of the evidence documented in

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Costi, Stefania, Mauro Di Bari, Paolo Pillastrini, et al. "Short-term Efficacy of Upper-Extremity Exercise Training in Patients With Chronic Airway Obstruction: A Systematic Review." Physical Therapy 89, no. 5 (2009): 443–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.2522/ptj.20070368.

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Background, Objectives, and Measurements Patients with chronic airway obstruction (CAO) frequently experience dyspnea and fatigue during activities performed by accessory muscles of ventilation, which competitively participate in arm elevation. This systematic review of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) concerning patients with CAO addresses the effects of upper-extremity exercise training (UEET), added to lower-extremity training or comprehensive pulmonary rehabilitation, on the following patient-centered outcomes: exercise capacity, symptoms, ability to perform daily activities, and health

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Darbee, Joan C., Patricia J. Ohtake, Brydon JB Grant, and Frank J. Cerny. "Physiologic Evidence for the Efficacy of Positive Expiratory Pressure as an Airway Clearance Technique in Patients With Cystic Fibrosis." Physical Therapy 84, no. 6 (2004): 524–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ptj/84.6.524.

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Abstract Background and Purpose. Individuals with cystic fibrosis (CF) have large amounts of infected mucus in their lungs, which causes irreversible lung tissue damage. Although patient-administered positive expiratory pressure (PEP) breathing has been promoted as an effective therapeutic modality for removing mucus and improving ventilation distribution in these patients, the effects of PEP on ventilation distribution and gas mixing have not been documented. Therefore, this preliminary investigation described responses in distribution of ventilation and gas mixing to PEP breathing for patien

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FREITAS JÚNIOR, HAROLDO OLIVEIRA DE, LUIZ CLAUDIO DE MOURA FRANÇA, ANDRÉ MOREIRA CASTILHO, ROGÉRIO LÚCIO CHAVES DE RESENDE, PAULA CAROLINA MARTINS TAVARES, and JEFFERSON SOARES LEAL. "CONSERVATIVE IDIOPATHIC SCOLIOSIS TREATMENT WITH BRACE PRODUCED USING 3D TECHNOLOGY." Coluna/Columna 20, no. 3 (2021): 174–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1808-185120212003250497.

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ABSTRACT Objective To evaluate the immediate correction capacity of the Wood-Chêneau-Rigo brace (WCR), produced using digital technological resources and robotic engineering, in primary and secondary curves of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS). Methods A retrospective study was conducted of 138 patients with a diagnosis of AIS and who received a WCR brace from a laboratory that makes orthoses and orthopedic prostheses between 2019 and 2021. These individuals were submitted to an independent analysis of the radiographic parameters by a single researcher, the main outcome of which was the st

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Stoffel, Karl, Michael Blauth, Alexander Joeris, Andrea Blumenthal, and Elke Rometsch. "Fracture fixation versus revision arthroplasty in Vancouver type B2 and B3 periprosthetic femoral fractures: a systematic review." Archives of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery 140, no. 10 (2020): 1381–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00402-020-03332-7.

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Abstract Introduction Hip arthroplasty (HA) is commonly performed to treat various hip pathologies. Its volume is expected to rise further due to the increasing age of the population. Complication rates are low; however, periprosthetic femoral fractures (PFF) are a rare, albeit serious, complication with substantial economic impact. While current guidelines propose revision with long-stemmed prostheses for all Vancouver B2 and B3 PFF, some recent research papers suggest that open reduction with internal fixation (ORIF) could lead to an equivalent outcome. Our aim was to summarize the evidence,

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Parker, Kailin C., Rachel R. Shelton, and Rebecca M. Lopez. "Do Alternative Cooling Methods Have Effective Cooling Rates for Hyperthermia Compared With Previously Established CWI Cooling Rates?" Journal of Sport Rehabilitation 29, no. 3 (2020): 367–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jsr.2019-0098.

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Clinical Scenario: In the last few years, there have been several studies examining alternative cooling strategies in the treatment of exertional heat stroke (EHS). Morbidity and mortality with EHS are associated with how long the patient’s core body temperature remains above the critical threshold of 40.5°C. Although cold-water immersion (CWI) is the gold standard of treatment when cooling a patient with EHS, more recent alternative cooling techniques have been examined for use in settings where CWI may not be feasible (ie, remote locations). Clinical Question: Do alternative cooling methods

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