Academic literature on the topic 'Individualisme'
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Journal articles on the topic "Individualisme"
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Marie, Alain. "Communauté, individualisme, communautarisme : hypothèses anthropologiques sur quelques paradoxes africains." Sociologie et sociétés 39, no. 2 (October 7, 2008): 173–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/019089ar.
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Résumé Paradoxalement, communauté, individualisme et communautarisme ne sont pas des réalités antinomiques. La communauté (au sens anthropologique du terme) se caractérise par un anti-individualisme totalitaire qui réprime et refoule un individualisme irréductible. Or, le despotisme et le clientélisme postcoloniaux ont renforcé la « sur-communautarisation » et le « blocage » des sociétés, les empêchant d’entrer dans la « banalité » et la modernité de la conflictualité démocratique. Dès lors, les crises (économiques, sociales, politiques) débouchent sur des conflits communautaristes qui se nourrissent de l’énergie « ressentimentale » produite par la socialité communautaire et qui en détournent la violence paranoïaque contre des coupables émissaires. Les « élites » au pouvoir et leurs commanditaires ou soutiens internationaux neutralisent à leur avantage (et à quel prix !) l’autre solution à la violence individualiste dévoyée en communautarismes : celle des luttes sociales et de l’individualisme démocratique. Mais on peut préférer ces formes régulées de conflictualité aux violences apocalyptiques du fanatisme...
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Oka Prabawa, Ida Bagus, and Ni Putu Hartini. "Individualism: A Work of Musical Composition Experimental | Individualisme : Sebuah Karya Musik Eksperimental." GHURNITA: Jurnal Seni Karawitan 3, no. 1 (March 1, 2023): 78–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.59997/jurnalsenikarawitan.v3i1.1013.
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Karya musik eksperimental bejudul Individualisme ini bertujuan untuk menyampaikan sifat dari manusia yang memiliki paham berlebihan tentang idealisme. Mengungkapkan tentang bagaimana mereka menjalani hidup yang menganalogikan keyakinan mereka sendiri. Berawal dari sikap idealis mereka itulah, muncul karakteristik mereka yang cenderung ingin menyendiri, ingin memiliki kebebasan tersendiri, memenuhi kebutuhan hidup, menjalankan hidupnya sendiri, dan terkadang mereka melalukan hal apapun agar mencapai kepuasan. Sikap individualisme ini tidaklah dari secara perorangan, terkadang juga secara berkelompok yang menyatukan presepsi mereka dibawah kendali seseorang sebagai pemimpinnya. Penciptaan komposisi musik ini menggunakan metode penciptaan dari Alma H. Hawkins pada buku Metode Penyusunan Karya Musik (Sebuah Alternatif). Adapun tahap-tahap atau metode yang dimaksud yaitu penjelajahan (exploration), penuangan dan percobaan (improvisation), dan pembentukan (forming). Dari tahap-tahap atau metode tersebut, penata melakukan proses kreativitas sebuah konsep sifat dari individualisme yang berawal dari sebuah ide ini menjerumus ke penggunaan instrumen dan juga ke pola garap sebuah karya tersebut. Dari karya ini kita bisa bercermin untuk kelangsungan hidup kita agar kedepannya tidak menjadi kekecewaan dan juga penyesalan bagi diri kita, maupun orang lain. Karya ini dituangkan kedalam instrument yang memiliki ritme, timbre, dan dinamikanya sendiri, yang menggambarkan dari sikap masing-masing seorang idealisme.
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Safinatunnajah and Ilmi Amalia. "Pengungkapan Marah di Jejaring Sosial." TAZKIYA JOURNAL OF PSYCHOLOGY 7, no. 2 (November 27, 2019): 155–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.15408/tazkiya.v7i2.13476.
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AbstractThe aim of this study was to determine the effect of the big five personality, social support, collectivism-individualism, and anonymity on expressing anger on social networking sites (SNS). This research used quantitative with multiple regression analysis methods. The samples in this study were 210 respondents who posted anger content on social networking sites, aged at least more than 18 years old. Obtained by non-probability sampling technique. In this study, researcher adapted and collected the data with four questionnaires; the anger-out scale is from STAXI measuring instrument, Big Five Inventory (BFI), Interpersonal Support Evaluation List, and collectivism-individualism. To test the validity of the instrument, researcher was using Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA). The results showed there was a significant difference from the type of big five, social, collectivism-individualism and anonymity to expressing anger on social networking sites by 18.6.AbstrakJejaring sosial menjadi tempat bagi seseorang untuk mengungkapkan perasaan. Salah satunya adalah perasaan marah, pengungkapan perasaan marah di media sosial bisa memberikan dampak buruk tidak hanya bagi individu yang mengunggah tetapi juga pengikutnya di jejaring sosial. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh tipe kepribadian big five, dukungan sosial, kolektivisme-individualisme dan anonimitas terhadap pengungkapan marah di jejaring sosial. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan metode analisis regresi berganda. Sampel pada penelitian ini berjumlah 210 responden pengunggah perasaan marah di jejaring sosial yang berusia 18 tahun keatas. Diperoleh dengan teknik non-probability sampling. Dalam penelitian ini peneliti mengadaptasi dan memodifikasi instrument pengumpulan data yaitu skala anger-out dalam alat ukur STAXI, Big Five Inventory (BFI), Interpersonal Support Evaluation List, dan kolektivisme-individualisme. Uji validitas instrument dilakukan dengan menggunakan Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ada pengaruh yang signifikan dari tipe kepribadian big five, dukungan sosial, kolektivisme-individualisme dan anonimitas terhadap pengungkapan marah di jejaring sosial yakni sebesar 18,6%. Dari keempat variabel besar tersebut, peneliti mengukur masing-masing pengaruh dimensi tiap variabel. Ditemukan bahwa terdapat tiga dimensi yang memiliki nilai koefisien regresi signifikan, yaitu: neuroticism dalam kepribadian, tangible support dalam dukungan sosial, individualisme dan faktor demografi jenis kelamin.Penulis berharap dari hasil penelitian ini dapat dikaji dan dikembangkan kembali pada penelitian selanjutnya. Misalnya dengan menambahkan variabel lain yang terkait dengan pengungkapan marah di jejaring sosial, seperti status sosial atau norma kelompok dengan paparan perilaku agresif.
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Reza, Hidayatul, and Franky Liauw. "HUNIAN VERTIKAL MONODUALISME (INDIVIDUALISME-KOLEKTIVISME)." Jurnal Sains, Teknologi, Urban, Perancangan, Arsitektur (Stupa) 3, no. 1 (May 30, 2021): 1111. http://dx.doi.org/10.24912/stupa.v3i1.10890.
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The conflict between the two social understandings between individualism and collectivism does not need to be clashed, but instead it needs to be managed according to values, morals and ethics. So that it can become a social force for social life. In this issue, architects can play a role in cultivating a 'space' that is fit to the problem of individualism-collectivism. The research method used is a comparative and synergistic method. Literature in the form of journals and books on the phenomenon of individualism-collectivism is used as a reference and comparison. To be able to change a person's attitude, it is necessary to have an environmental role that creates events and events that occur repeatedly and continuously, gradually being absorbed into the individual and influencing the formation of an attitude. In order for this approach to be applied easily, this approach must be applied to basic human needs. In basic human needs there is a hierarchy of the most basic, namely physiological needs, the most basic needs to be fulfilled because they include things that are vital for survival, namely, clothing, food, and shelter. So in order to answer this issue, the vertical housing function is fixed. In addition, vertical housing is considered important because it responds to limited land and the increasing human population. Vertical housing with a collaborative space in grouped dwelling unit concept, because offers many possibilities, from people who live together sharing physical space to communities that share values, interests and philosophies of life. Grouping system is also be an important value and in community prefer to live in small community amount 4-10 members with various background. Consisted by good quality personal space and supporting facilities to develop self-potential as self-actualization. Keywords: collaborative; collectivism; individualism; monodualism; self actualization Abstrak Konflik dua paham sosial antara individualisme dengan kolektivisme tidak perlu dibenturkan, tetapi justru perlu dikelola menurut nilai-nilai, moral, dan etika, sehingga dapat menjadi kekuatan sosial bagi kehidupan bermasyarakat. Dalam isu ini, arsitek dapat berperan dalam mengolah ‘ruang’ yang fit terhadap permasalahan individualisme-kolektivisme. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode komparatif dan sinergis. Literatur berupa jurnal dan buku tentang fenomena individualisme-kolektivisme, dijadikan sebagai acuan dan pembanding. Untuk dapat mengubah sikap seseorang diperlukan peran lingkungan untuk menciptakan kejadian-kejadian dan peristiwa-peristiwa yang terjadi berulang-ulang dan terus-menerus, lama-kelamaan secara bertahap diserap kedalam diri individu dan memengaruhi terbentuknya suatu sikap. Agar pendekatan ini dapat diterapkan dengan mudah maka pendekatan ini harus diterapkan pada kebutuhan dasar manusia. Pada kebutuhan dasar manusia terdapat hierarki yang paling dasar yaitu kebutuhan fisiologis (physiological needs), kebutuhan yang paling dasar untuk dipenuhi karena meliputi hal-hal yang vital bagi kelangsungan hidup yaitu, sandang, pangan, dan papan. Sehingga untuk menjawab isu ini, ditetapkan fungsi hunian vertikal. Selain itu, hunian vertikal dinilai penting karena untuk mejawab keterbatasan lahan dan semakin tingginya populasi manusia. Hunian vertikal dengan mengusung konsep ruang kolaboratif pada setiap unit hunian yang dikelompokkan, karena menawarkan banyak kemungkinan, mulai dari orang-orang yang tinggal bersama dengan berbagi ruang fisik hingga komunitas yang juga berbagi nilai, minat, dan filosofi hidup. Sistem pengelompokan penghuni juga menjadi nilai penting dan dalam komunitas lebih menyukai jumlah yang sedikit 4-10 orang dengan latar belakang yang berbeda. Ditunjang dengan kualitas ruang pribadi yang baik dan fasilitas penunjang yang dapat mengembangkan potensi sebagai bentuk aktualisai diri.
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Cugno, Alain. "Modernité et individualisme." Projet 271, no. 3 (2002): 37. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/pro.271.0037.
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Andolfatto, Dominique. "Syndicalisme et individualisme." Projet 271, no. 3 (2002): 81. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/pro.271.0081.
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Agassi, Joseph. "« Individualisme institutionnel » (1975)." OEconomia, no. 2-4 (December 1, 2012): 487–501. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/oeconomia.1233.
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de Vitry, Alexandre. "Individualisme, égotisme, solipsisme." Roman 20-50 Hors série n° 10, no. 1 (March 10, 2022): 79–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/r2050.hs10.0079.
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Baudart, Anne. "Individualisme et cosmopolitisme." Revue de métaphysique et de morale 61, no. 1 (2009): 5. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/rmm.091.0005.
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Es-Saïdi, Malika. "Art et individualisme." La Revue Nouvelle N° 2, no. 2 (March 1, 2020): 41–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/rn.202.0041.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Individualisme"
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Fuentes, Pangtay Manuel Alejandro. "Qigong (氣功) e interculturalidad: práctica corporal y pensamiento chino en Barcelona." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/399843.
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El interés central de esta investigación ha sido el estudio del qigong en Occidente, visto como una práctica corporal originaria de Asia Oriental que circula en el mercado de consumo de las terapias alternativas. El actual contexto en España, caracterizado por la crisis social, económica y política, ha sido clave para entender el proceso de resignificación e incorporación de algunas ideas y conceptos del pensamiento chino a las propias necesidades de la realidad de los practicantes de qigong. En los estudios preliminares se identificaron tres estilos de qigong, el marcial, el espiritual y el enfocado a la salud. La investigación se concentró en un grupo de formación de monitores de qigong en Barcelona, orientado a la salud preventiva, estilo que se basa en la medicina tradicional china.
Siendo el objetivo principal entender la manera en la que los occidentales incorporan elementos del pensamiento chino que sustenta a las prácticas corporales asiáticas orientales, mi interés inicial pretendió investigar ese proceso de significación y resignificación de los rasgos culturales, pautas de comportamiento, ideas, conceptos y cómo los practicantes le dan un sentido diferente y particular a éstas. En la segunda etapa, la triangulación de la propia experiencia de los adeptos desde el contexto de su realidad social, económica y política fue clave en la comprensión del proceso de interpretación, adaptación y apropiación de esta práctica de origen extranjero. Se recurrió a la metodología cualitativa y al método etnográfico. Se realizaron entrevistas aplicando una guía de preguntas abiertas. El trabajo de campo duró tres años; en los dos últimos la observación participante propició que el investigador se integrara al grupo de monitores realizando las prácticas principalmente en España y secundariamente en la República Popular de China.
En cuanto a los resultados, se correlacionaron los datos obtenidos en el trabajo de campo con las primeras categorías del marco teórico. En la organización y clasificación de los datos, se observaron y constataron los aprendizajes a nivel mental y cognitivo de los objetivos del curso de formación de monitores de qigong. En una segunda lectura de los resultados, emergieron nuevas categorías que fueron clave para una interpretación más profunda. Se encontró que, aunque el enfoque del qigong estudiado era el de la salud, los adeptos no escapaban a la influencia de la espiritualidad New Age. Otro hallazgo fue que en la toma de sentido imperaba, a nivel inconsciente, el egoísmo o individualismo narcisista característico de las sociedades capitalistas y consumistas de la modernidad.
En conclusión, se puede afirmar que el qigong en Occidente ha sido influenciado por el movimiento de la New Age, exaltando una espiritualidad alternativa a los dogmas del pensamiento católico. En el campo de las terapias alternativas, la reinterpretación psicosomática del cuerpo oriental acentúa los valores subjetivos relacionados con los sentimientos y emociones como un intento de superar la división cartesiana del cuerpo y la mente. El individualismo narcisista de la modernidad ha sido definitorio en la reinterpretación y resignificación del sentido original del qigong, experiencias que contrastan y se contraponen a los valores, ideas y conceptos colectivos del pensamiento chino. El exotismo y la orientalización del qigong por parte de los practicantes occidentales parece resurgir históricamente en situaciones de crisis social, económica y política.The central interest of this research is the study of qigong in the West, seen as a corporal practice, which originated in Central Asia and now circulates in the consumer market of alternative therapies. The current context of Spain, characterized by social, economic and political crises, has been key to understanding the process of re-signification and incorporation of some ideas and concepts of Chinese thought within the necessities of the qiqong practitioners’ reality. In the preliminary studies, three styles of qigong were identified – martial, spiritual, and health-focused. This investigation concentrated on a group in the process of becoming qigong monitors in Barcelona, oriented by the preventive health style sustained in traditional Chinese medicine. The aim of the project has been to comprehend the manner in which Westerners incorporate elements of Chinese thought that sustain East Asia’s corporal practices. The initial interest of the research was directed towards understanding the processes of signification and re-signification of cultural traces, codes of behavior, ideas, and the ways that the practitioners give different and particular meanings. In the second stage, the triangulation of the practitioners’ own experiences with the social, economic and political context was key in comprehending their interpretation, adaptation and appropriation process of this foreign discipline. Using qualitative methodology and ethnographic method, interviews were carried out, applying a guide with open questions. The fieldwork lasted three years; during the last two, participative observation propitiated the researcher to become integrated to the group of monitors whose practices were sustained firstly, in Spain and secondly, in the People's Republic of China. Regarding the results, data obtained in fieldwork was correlated with the first categories of the theoretical frame. In the organization and classification of the information, mental and cognitive levels of learning in the course forming qigong monitors were observed and verified. Through a second reading of the results, new categories emerged that were key to a more profound interpretation: although the focus of the qigong studied was oriented toward health, it was found that the practitioners did not escape the influence of New Age spirituality. Another finding was that in making sense of the practice, on an unconscious level, egoism, or the narcissistic individualism characteristic of capitalist and consumerist societies of modernity, prevailed. In conclusion, it can be affirmed that qigong in the West has been influenced by the New Age movement, exalting a spiritual alternative to the dogmas of Catholic thought. In the field of alternative therapies, the psychosomatic reinterpretation of the Oriental body accentuates the subjective values related to sentiments and emotions, in an attempt to overcome the Cartesian division of mind and body. The narcissistic individualism of Modernity has been definitional in the reinterpretation and re-signification of the original sense of qigong – experiences that contrast with and are counterposed to the collective values, ideas and concepts of Chinese thought. The exoticism and the orientalization of qigong on behalf of Western practitioners seem to resurge historically in situations of social, economic and political crises.
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Sabolo, Fabrice. "L'amour à l'âge de l'individualisme." Thesis, Paris Est, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PEST0056.
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La relation d'amour vécue au sein du couple et de la conjugalité a connu, sous l'essor de l'individualisme, de profonds changements. L'individualisme, manière d'être au monde et de se rapporter aux autres, a ainsi induit de nouvelles façons de vivre l'amour. En partant d'un contexte précis – notre millénaire naissant –, cette thèse s'efforce de dégager quelques-uns des grands enjeux philosophiques touchant les relations amoureuses aujourd'hui, pour proposer ensuite une analyse détaillée de l'amour et de son rapport à la personne, et tenter par là de répondre aux questions qui se posent désormais. La première partie est donc essentiellement descriptive et aporétique. Elle débute par une brève analyse historique et conceptuelle de l'individualisme, qui permet de préciser le sens général de cette notion, à partir d'auteurs tels que Louis Dumont, Marcel Gauchet, Alain Renaut, Benjamin Constant, Alexis de Tocqueville… C'est ainsi que l'on introduit la distinction entre l'individualisme « politique » (qui marque la naissance de l'individualisme) et l'individualisme « narcissique », qui en est la continuation et l'imprégnation dans nos mœurs quotidiennes, notamment à travers la société de consommation. Une fois ces prémisses posées sont étudiées les conséquences de l'individualisme narcissique sur le couple, les relations amoureuses et conjugales. Cette partie s'appuie plus particulièrement sur les travaux de sociologues (François de Singly, Jean-Claude Kaufmann, Zygmunt Bauman, Gilles Lipovetsky, Christopher Lasch…). Sont abordés notamment les points suivants : le conflit entre l'amour et la liberté individuelle des conjoints ; le contrat amoureux ; la sculpture du couple à partir du projet des conjoints ; le choix amoureux (sa difficulté, sa fragilité, ce qui le conditionne…) ; les amours fusionnel et fissionnel ; l'influence de la société de consommation sur l'amour et le couple ; les approches matérialistes de l'amour. L'objectif de cette première partie, largement nourrie d'écrits sociologiques, n'est pas tant de donner une description du couple contemporain que de dégager, à travers les tensions qui s'y manifestent, les principales questions philosophiques qu'il pose, pour proposer ensuite un cheminement philosophique apportant des éléments de réponse. La deuxième partie, qui ouvre le travail d'analyse et de compréhension de l'amour en lui-même, s'articule autour des visions platonicienne et aristotélicienne de l'amour-éros et l'amour-philia. Elle a pour but de montrer que la vision platonicienne continue d'imprégner notre rapport à l'amour, notamment à travers la fusion et le sentiment amoureux. Pour ce faire, elle commence par étudier les textes de Platon relatifs à l'éros, pour voir ensuite, avec José Ortega y Gasset, puis Denis de Rougemont, combien l'amour est encore compris et appréhendé à partir de cette approche. Puis elle introduit la notion d'amour d'amitié, comme une réponse possible à cette première vision. C'est ainsi qu'elle considère l'analyse que propose Aristote de la philia, et s'efforce de montrer son actualité. La troisième partie, qui poursuit les investigations de la deuxième, commence par analyser les trois grandes formes de l'amour qui habitent l'homme : l'amour instinctif, l'amour sensible et l'amour spirituel, dit « personnel ». Sur cette base-là, elle poursuit sur une analyse de l'amour d'amitié, non plus chez Aristote, mais à partir de l'expérience. À l'occasion de l'étude de ses grandes dimensions (le réalisme de l'amour, le premier amour, l'intention, le choix, la liberté en amour, la fidélité…), sont proposées des réponses aux questions posées dans la première partie. C'est ainsi que l'on présente l'amour d'amitié comme une réponse et une alternative possibles à l'approche individualiste de l'amour, qui voit dans ce dernier une relation contractuelle basée sur un partage d'intérêtLove in the age of individualism - [Summary by Reverso] The relation of love lived within the couple and within the conjugality knew, under the development of the individualism, the deep changes. The individualism, the way of being to the world and to relate to the others, so led(inferred) new manners to live love. By leaving of a precise context - our rising millennium-, this thesis(theory) tries hard to clear(release) some of the big philosophic stakes affecting(touching) the affairs today, to propose then a detailed analysis of love and its report(relationship) to the person, and try there to answer questions that arise from now on
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Díez, Xavier 1965. "L'anarquisme individualista a Espanya 1923-1938." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Girona, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/7833.
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La present tesi doctoral té com a objectiu delimitar, descriure i analitzar el discurs ideològic, en clau interna, de l'anarquisme individualista, una de les tendències minoritàries i més mal conegudes de l'anarquisme a Espanya entre 1923 i 1938.A la part preliminar de la investigació es tracta d'acotar les bases epistemològiques del subjecte d'investigació. I en aquest sentit, es realitza un esforç per tractar d'arribar a una definició sobre l'anarquisme individualista. També s'analitzen els antecedents historiogràfics, es duu a terme un estat historiogràfic de la qüestió i s'exposen els criteris metodològics emprats.
La primera part de la investigació tracta d'analitzar, en capítols successius, els fonaments teòrics de l'individualisme anarquista, ressegueix i descriu els processos de penetració a l'estat espanyol i exposa i analitza la trajectòria de les principals vies de debat i difusió a l'entorn de la teoria individualsta. En el primer cas, l'autor es remunta als orígens ideològics, fonamentats en l'obra fundacional de L'Ego i la seva propietat, del filòsof bavarès Max Stirner. Posteriorment es comenta el substrat filosòfic individualista de procedència nord-americana, amb autors com Henry David Thoreau, Josiah Warren o Benjamin Tucker i es destaca la influència de l'individualisme d'arrel francesa, de finals de segle XIX, amb el rol jugat per anarcoindividualistes com Émile Armand o Han Ryner. En el següent capítol s'exposa l'absència d'un individualisme espanyol autòcton i la dependència ideològica dels corrents foranis, en especial del francès, donats els estrets contactes a banda i banda del Pirineu. També es planteja la qüestió de la diferent intensitat de la presència d'individualisme entre diferents sectors pertanyents al complex univers individualista. També es realitza una descripció de la trajectòria cronològica d'aquest corrent, remuntant-se des de finals del segle XIX, amb la irrupció de la filosofia de Nietzsche, fins a l'acabament de la guerra civil espanyola. El quart capítol enumera els diferents òrgans de propaganda des del qual s'expressa aquest pensament i es descriu breument les tendències individualistes de cadascun d'ells.
La segona part de la investigació analitza, en clau interna, el pensament individualista, a partir del seu material imprès i publicat. Així es descriuen els principis generals, els intens associacionistes, o es comenta el paper dels individualisme al llarg de la guerra civil. Posteriorment es comenten aspectes més concrets, com ara la filosofia educativa del moviment, la extraordinària importància que té la qüestió de l'amor lliure i l'emancipació sexual per als seus seguidors, i altres aspectes complementaris que tindran una extraordinària presència i importància en l'anarquisme individualista com serà l'annacionalisme, l'antimilitarisme i el naturisme.
Es conclou la tesi destacant les aportacions al panorama historiogràfic i a l'esforç realitzat pel seu autor per recuperar la memòria col·lectiva.
The present doctoral research aims to frame, describe and analize the ideological discurse of individualistic anarchism, one of the minoritary and also worset know of anarchism in Spain between 1923 and 1938 tendencies.
The preliminary section of the research we have tried to delimit the epistemological basis of the subject. To this effect, an effort has been made to try to come a definition of individualistic anarchism. As well as this the historiographic background are analized a historiographic estate of the question is carried out the metholical criteria are put forward.
The first part of the research this to analize, in firsts chapters, the theoretical foundations of anarchist individualism, it follows and describes the process of penetration into the Spanish state and put forward as well as analizes the cours of developement of the main means of divulging and debate around the individualistic theory. In the first case the author traces the ideological origins based on the work The Ego and his Own, by the Bavarian philosopher Max Stirner.
Folowing that, a comment is made on the individualistic bachground, with authors in the United States of America, with authors such as Henry David Thoreau, Josiah Warren or Benjamin Tucker, and also on the influence of French individualism from the end of XIXth century, emphasing the role played by individualistic anarchists such as Émile Armand and Han Ryner, as the main representatives of the movement in that country.
The folowing chapter explains the absence of a Spanish autochthonous individualism ant the ideological dependency of foreign corrents, especially those coming from France, given the narrow contacts on both sides of the Pyrinnes. The chapter deals also with the question of the variable intensity of the presence of individualisme among the different sectors/groups belonging to the complex individualistic universe.
The author also describes the cronological evolution on this corrent, from the last decades of the XIXth century -with the irrruption of Nietzsche philosophy- up to the end of the Spanish Civil War.
The fourth chapter numbers the different means of propaganda from which this ideology is expressed (and spread), and it provides a brief description of the particualr individualistic tendencies of each of them.
The second part of the research analyses, from within, the individualististic thinking, drawing the information from the existing written and published materials and sources. This, theri general principles are described as well as theri efforts to create assotiations and the role of individualistic anarchists throghout the Civil War.
Later the author draws the attention on more specific aspects such as the pedagogical principles of the movement, the extraordinary relevance given to the issue of free love and sexual emancipation and other aspects which cull also become of freat relevance fer the movement, such as anationalism, anti-militarism and naturism.
At the end of the reserarch the autor points up his contribution to the historiographical scene and the effort carried out to summon up our conllective memorie.
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Soler, Alsina Lluís. "Jo S.A.: individualisme possessiu versus jo relacional en la modernitat líquida." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/670031.
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Aquesta investigació pretén analitzar i comprendre, dins el context de l’auge del neoliberalisme i de la modernitat líquida, la configuració d’una nova visió de l’individu en què la noció de propietat privada coexisteix amb l’auge de diverses formes d’accés a béns i serveis en plataformes col·laboratives. Amb el rerefons històric de l’estret lligam entre possessió ―de terres i béns, però també del propi cos― i legitimació del capitalisme, es pretén copsar el significat i l’abast que en l’actualitat hom atorga a l’accés, la compartició o la propietat i quin és el seu paper en la en la configuració del jo. Aquesta recerca combina les aportacions teòriques i conceptuals de diverses disciplines amb l’anàlisi de textos representatius de la literatura popular i professional d’autoajuda, management i màrqueting.This research aims the analysing and understanding, within the current context of a rising neoliberalism and the so called Liquid modernity, the configuration of a different view of the individual itself in which the notion of private property coexists with the rising of new different ways to have access to goods and services located on collaborative platforms. With the historical background of the close link between possession ―of land and property, but also of the very body itself― and legitimization of capitalism, it is intended to fully understand the currently given meanings and scope to the concepts of access, sharing or ownership as well as their role in the shaping of every own’s one-self. This research combines theoretical and conceptual contributions from several disciplines with the analysing of popular and professional literature on self-help, business management and marketing.
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Gravelle, Émilie. "Relation entre l'attachement, la différenciation du soi et la triangulation dans la famille d'origine chez les femmes /." Thèse, Chicoutimi : Trois-Rivières : Université du Québec à Chicoutimi. Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 2003. http://theses.uqac.ca.
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Thèse (M.Ps.) -- Université du Québec à Chicoutimi, en association avec Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 2003.Bibliogr.: f. [90]-99. Document électronique également accessible en format PDF. CaQCU
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Udehn, Lars. "Methodological individualism : background, history and meaning /." London : Routledge, 2001. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb39075830d.
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Barbé, Philippe. "W. S. Burroughs : individualisme, révolution et post-modernisme." Paris 10, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA100128.
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Cette dissertation présente une lecture sociologique de l'œuvre burroughsienne écrite entre 1953 avec la publication de Junky et 1989 avec la publication de Interzone. La littérature burroughsienne est intéressante et sociologiquement pertinente car elle traduit la tension entre les restes d'une modernité fragmentée et encore dominante et les références de plus en plus nombreuses a l'existence d'une pensée esthétique postmoderne se voulant autonome. On constate tout d'abord la présence dans l'œuvre burroughsienne de thèmes socio-politiques directement hérites de la modernité (la révolution, les progrès de l'humanité; la rationalisation). D'autre part, on découvre dans la littérature burroughsienne la présence paradoxale de thèmes postmodernes (la dissolution des identités dans l'ultra-individualisme, la fin du politique et du social. . . ) Alors qu'une logique trop strictement postmoderne et schizophrénique aurait pu placer l'individu en orbite autour de la réalité sociale, la littérature burroughsienne nous montre le chemin possible vers une socialité et une individualité nouvelles, minimales et postmodernesThis dissertation presents a sociological reading of the literary works written by W. S. Burroughs between junky in 1953 and interzone in 1989 this burroughsian literature is useful because it perfectly conveys the tension between the remain s of a fragmented modernity which is still dominant and the more and more numerous hypothesis and references which insis t on postmodern aesthetic thought. First, we note in the burroughsian narrative the presence of socio-political and cultural themes directly descending from modern thought (the revolution, the refusal of the alienation of montind from t he power of the state and from the forces of rationalization). Secondly, we discover in the burroughsian works the paradoxal presence of themes which one called postmodern such as the dissolution of identities in ultra-individualism and the growing massification of societies as well as the end and the surpassing of politicsand history. While the postmodern and schizophrenic logic could put the individual into orbit out of the social world, the burroughsian literature shows us a possible way which could lead to a new and minimal postmodern sociality and individuality
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Cyr, Caroline. "Relations entre la différenciation du soi, la triangulation intergénérationnelle et l'ajustement dyadique des femmes vivant la transition à la parentalité /." Thèse, Chicoutimi : Trois-Rivières : Université du Québec à Chicoutimi. Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 2003. http://theses.uqac.ca.
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Thèse (M.Ps.) -- Université du Québec à Chicoutimi, en association avec Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 2003.Bibliogr.: f. [92]-109. Document électronique également accessible en format PDF. CaQCU
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Madriaza, Pablo. "La révolte des individus : la nouvelle éthique contestataire des mouvements sociaux au Chili (2006-2012)." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017USPCB226/document.
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Cette étude a eu pour but d'analyser le rôle de l'individu et de l'individualisme au sein des mouvements sociaux au Chili, notamment pendant la dernière vague de mobilisations entre les années 2006 et 2012. Elle a essayé de comprendre la montée des mobilisations dans le pays malgré la forte influence que l'individualisme a eue au sein de la société chilienne à partir de la dictature ; et plus particulièrement de répondre à la question : comment construire une action politico-collective à partir de l'individu ? Pour ce faire, une étude comparative a été menée ayant deux composantes. La première a été une comparaison sociohistorique des événements de protestation à Santiago du Chili, basée sur la quantification de l'information de médias et d'autres sources d'information ainsi que sur l'information disponible provenant du domaine de l'histoire sociale, notamment les données d'événements de violence contestataire de l'historien Gabriel Salazar pendant la période allant de 1947 à 1987. La deuxième composante a été la comparaison de deux mouvements sociaux qui ont été mobilisés pendant la période à l'étude : le mouvement d'élèves du secondaire et le mouvement LGBTQ. L'analyse a été de plus bonifiée par des entretiens réalisés à activistes du mouvement de pobladores. À partir de ces éléments, il est possible de conclure que pendant la période à l'étude, il se produit une répolitisation de l'individualisme dans le pays et que cette répolitisation a été la manifestation d'une transformation de la structure de valeurs au sein de ces groupes qui a placé l'individu au centre de l'action politique. Il s'agit de la configuration d'un cadre normatif maître partagé par plusieurs organisationsThe aim of this study was to analyse the role of the individual and the individualism in social movements in Chile, particularly during the last wave of mobilisations between 2006 and 2012. It tried to understand the rise of mobilizations in the country, despite the strong influence that individualism has had in Chilean society from the period of military dictatorship; and more specifically to answer the question: how to construct a contention movement from the individual? In order to achieve this goal, a comparative study which had two components was carried on. The first was a sociohistorical comparison in Santiago de Chile employing protest events analysis based on the quantification of media information and other sources of information, as well as information available from the field of social history, particularly the violent protest events that the historian Gabriel Salazar had analysed during the period from 1947 to 1987. The second component was the comparison of two social movements that were mobilized during the period under review: the secondary students movement and the LGBTQ movement. The analysis was further enhanced by interviews with activists of the movement of pobladores. On the basis of these elements, it can be concluded that during the period under study there is a repoliticization of individualism in the country and that this repolitisation has been an expression of a transformation of the contention values structure that place the individual at the heart of political action. This is the configuration of a master normative frame shared by several organizations
Este estudio ha tenido por objetivo analizar el papel del individuo y del individualismo al interior de los movimientos sociales en Chile, particularmente durante la última ola de movilizaciones que tuvo lugar entre los años 2006 y 2012. Se trató de comprender el aumento de las movilizaciones en el país a pesar de la fuerte influencia que el individualismo ha tenido en el seno de la sociedad chilena a partir de la dictadura; y particularmente de tratar de responder a la pregunta: ¿cómo construir una acción político- colectiva a partir del individuo? Para poder cumplir este objetivo se realizó un estudio comparativo de dos componentes. El primero fue una comparación socio-histórica de los eventos de protesta en Santiago de Chile, basada en la cuantificación de la información proveniente de medios de comunicación y de otras fuentes, así como en la información proveniente del campo de la historia social, particularmente los datos de hechos de violencia contestataria que el historiador Gabriel Salazar recolectó entre los años 1947 y 1987. El segundo componente fue la comparación de dos movimientos sociales que han estado activos durante el período de estudio: el movimiento de estudiantes de enseñanza secundaria y el movimiento LGBTQ. El análisis se benefició también de entrevistas realizados a activistas del movimiento de pobladores. A partir de estos elementos, es posible concluir que durante el período de estudio se ha producido una repolitización del individualismo en el país y que esta repolitización ha sido la expresión de la transformación de la estructura de valores al interior de estos grupos que ha situado al individuo en el centro de la acción política. Se trata de la configuración de un marco normativo maestro compartido por varias organizaciones
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Arellano, Ortiz Pablo Andrés. "Universalisme et individualisme dans le droit chilien des retraites." Thesis, Paris 10, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA100179.
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Le système de retraite chilien a attiré, depuis les années 1980, l’attention des spécialistes de sécurité sociale. La récente réforme de 2008, portant sur une extension de la couverture de la retraite, oblige à repenser l’analyse de ce modèle. Si la protection de la retraite est toujours réalisée sur la base d’un modèle comportant une logique unique fondée sur la capacité contributive, la conformité du droit à pension au principe d’universalité subjective doit désormais être analysée. Les deux volets de protection du système chilien doivent en effet être étudiés dans le but d’apprécier leur capacité globale à couvrir la population chilienne. D’une part, le premier volet comprend un mécanisme non contributif octroyé par l’Etat, qui répond ainsi à ses obligations internationales et constitutionnelles de protection de sa population. D’autre part, le second volet consiste en des mécanismes contributifs, obligatoires et volontaires, mis à la disposition des personnes pour leur permettre de se procurer une protection contre le risque vieillesse. La réforme de 2008, par les nouveaux mécanismes non contributifs qu’elle a mis en place, renforce la protection du droit fondamental à la retraite et, par les corrections qu’elle a apportées aux mécanismes contributifs, en étend la couverture. L’universalité subjective doit donc être recherchée par l’analyse de l’ensemble des mécanismes du système de pensions chilien. C’est en effet la complémentarité de ces deux mécanismes qui confère au droit à pension son caractère universel. Le système de retraite devient un tout cohérent, qui associe Universalisme et Individualisme pour protéger l’ensemble de la populationSince the 1980s the Chilean pension scheme has drawn the attention of social security experts. The recent reform of 2008, which extended pension coverage, forced a rethink of the analysis of the Chilean model, from a different perspective. While the protection of old age risk is still realised on the basis of a single logic model based on contributory capacity, the compliance of the right to a pension with the principle of subjective universality must now be analyzed. The two components of the Chilean system should indeed be understood in order to assess their overall ability to cover the entire Chilean population. The first component includes a non contributory mechanism provided by the State, which responds to its international and constitutional obligations of protection of its population. The second component consists of mandatory and voluntary contributory mechanisms to enable people to obtain protection against the old age risk. With its new non-contributory mechanisms, the 2008 reform enhances the protection of the fundamental right to retirement, and through the corrections of the contributory mechanisms, extends the coverage of retirement’s contributory pensions. The subjective universality must therefore be found through the analysis of all the mechanisms of the pension system in Chile. It is indeed the complementarity of these two mechanisms which confers the right to pension its universal character. The retirement system has become a coherent whole, combining Universalism and Individualism to protect the entire population
Books on the topic "Individualisme"
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Jacques, Lemaire, and Meulebroeke Marthe van de, eds. Les Individualismes: Dossier. [Bruxelles]: Editions de l'Université de Bruxelles, 1986.
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Cusset, Pierre-Yves. Individualisme et lien social. Paris: Documentation française, 2005.
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Roca, Gerard Vilar i. Individualisme, ètica i política. Barcelona: Edicions 62, 1992.
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institutionen, Uppsala universitet Sociologiska, ed. Methodological individualism: A critical appraisal. Uppsala: Uppsala universitet, 1987.
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Singly, François de. L' individualisme est un humanisme. La Tour-d'Aigues: Aube, 2005.
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Zoll, Rainer. Nouvel individualisme et solidarité quotidienne. Paris: Editions Kimé, 1992.
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1943-, Attuel Josiane, ed. L' Individualisme, permanence et métamorphoses. Paris: Presses universitaires de France, 1988.
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Hayat, Pierre. Individualisme éthique et philosophie chez Levinas. Paris: Editions Kimé, 1997.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Individualisme"
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Ryley, Peter. "Individualism." In The Palgrave Handbook of Anarchism, 225–36. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-75620-2_12.
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Bishop, John Douglas. "Individualism." In Encyclopedia of Business and Professional Ethics, 1–4. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-23514-1_168-1.
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Pantin, Marlene. "Individualism." In Encyclopedia of Immigrant Health, 898–900. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-5659-0_396.
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Wilson, Robert A. "Individualism." In The Blackwell Guide to Philosophy of Mind, 256–87. Malden, MA, USA: Blackwell Publishing Ltd, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470998762.ch11.
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de Waal, André, and Julie Linthorst. "Individualism." In Futurize! Dealing with Megatrends and Disruptors, 109–14. New York: Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003273264-16.
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Macpherson, C. B. "Individualism." In The New Palgrave Dictionary of Economics, 6307–11. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/978-1-349-95189-5_809.
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Slater, Matthew H. "Individualism." In Are Species Real?, 67–104. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230393233_4.
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Macpherson, C. B. "Individualism." In The New Palgrave Dictionary of Economics, 1–5. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/978-1-349-95121-5_809-1.
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Buchholz, Rogene A. "Individualism." In Capital and Capitalism, 63–85. New York: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003169222-4.
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Macpherson, C. B. "Individualism." In The Invisible Hand, 149–55. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-20313-0_18.
Full textConference papers on the topic "Individualisme"
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Tuomela, Sanna, and Jouni K. Juntunen. "Collectivist and Individualist End-User Values in the Digital Energy Community Ecosystem." In 2024 13th International Conference on Renewable Energy Research and Applications (ICRERA), 364–68. IEEE, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1109/icrera62673.2024.10815195.
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Corwin, Jason, and Ronnie Janoff-Bulman. "From Rights to Responsibilities and Relations." In Moral Motives & STEM-Informed Action / Motivos morales y acción basada en STEM. Knology, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.55160/gqww1241.
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Jason Corwin and Ronnie Janoff-Bulman highlight the difference between the collectivist and communalist perspectives on which Indigenous societies are built, and the individualist, capitalist epistemology on which mainstream (Euro-American, Protestant, settler-colonial) institutions rely. As they note, “human dominion over nature” underlies institutionalized science, rather than a stewardship relationship rooted in “responsibility and reciprocity.” They ask us to envision what mainstream science and science communication could look like if they were rooted in interdependence and relationality, rather than individualism and property rights.
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Wellman, Barry. "Networked individualism." In the 2nd International Conference. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2330601.2330603.
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Jeong Park, Hye, Huiwon Lim, and Yongyeon Cho. "Understanding Students’ Diversity in Inclusive Design: A Review of Literature on Students’ Empathy and Prosocial Motivation from Cultural Differences." In 14th International Conference on Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics (AHFE 2023). AHFE International, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1003346.
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The goal of inclusive design is “design for all,” and it has been considered a valuable approach to universal design and user-centered design in engineering design education. Although there are diverse methods to achieve the goal of inclusive design, individuals’ diverse cultural backgrounds, empathy, and prosocial motivation are essential. The aim of this study is to investigate how engineering students’ cultural backgrounds (collectivism and individualism) can be intertwined in classrooms and promote students’ empathy and prosocial motivation for generating inclusive design solutions. Through the review of previous studies, students with collectivist cultures represented a higher empathy degree, and they frequently perceived prosocial motivation for others rather than students from individualist cultures. To amplify engineering students’ empathy and prosocial motivation with respecting their cultural differences, this study followed the “three needs” of Oxford and Gkonou (2018) to suggest teaching methods for engineering design education. Diverse types of in- and outside-class activities, such as class discussions, role-playing, sharing students’ own stories, and problem-based learning are recommended for enhancing students’ empathy and prosocial motivation to understand others with diverse perspectives for inclusive ideas.
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Zhu, Shanhong, and Lei Zhang. "Research on Networked Individualism." In 2014 International Conference on Information, Business and Education Technology (ICIBET 2014). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/icibet-14.2014.74.
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Kiswarday, Vanja. "Individualised Educational Plan in Inclusion." In 1. mednarodna znanstvena konferenca Vloga inkluzivnega pedagoga v vzgoji in izobraževanju. Unviersity of Maribor Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.18690/978-961-286-161-2.5.
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Fellahi, Nadjla. "Globalization and the Rise of Individualism in Algeria from an Architectural." In 7th International Students Science Congress. Izmir International guest Students Association, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.52460/issc.2023.003.
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In an increasingly globalized world, where boundaries are blurred and connections strengthened, the field of architecture finds itself deeply influenced by this phenomenon. Algeria, like many other regions, has undergone urban and architectural transformations in recent decades, making the study of globalization's impacts on architecture a crucial endeavour. This qualitative research aims to evaluate the specific influences of globalization on the architectural landscape of Batna City in Algeria. Utilizing secondary data and observations, this study investigates the rise of individualism and detached houses in Batna City, which have witnessed notable architectural variations in recent decades. By analysing the underlying reasons behind the production of detached house samples and their connection with the rise of individualism, this research sheds light on the intersecting economic, political, and cultural forces of globalization that shape the built environment in Batna. The findings of this study reveal that globalization, along with economic and political shifts, urban expansion, and technological advancements, has contributed to the proliferation of individualism in Batna. It becomes evident that individualism is not a recent phenomenon but rather a trend that emerged shortly after independence and deepened in the post-2000s era. The manifestation of individualism is highly influenced by the forces of globalization and the media's portrayal of Western culture. This research holds significance for the field of architecture in Algeria, providing valuable insights into the impacts of globalization on architectural trends and the built environment. By understanding these influences, architects and policymakers can better navigate the challenges and opportunities presented by globalization, ensuring the continued development of culturally sensitive and contextually relevant architectural designs.
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Fellahi, Nadjla. "Globalization and the Rise of Individualism in Algeria from an Architectural." In 7th International Students Science Congress. Izmir International guest Students Association, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.52460/issc.2023.003.
Full textAbstract:
In an increasingly globalized world, where boundaries are blurred and connections strengthened, the field of architecture finds itself deeply influenced by this phenomenon. Algeria, like many other regions, has undergone urban and architectural transformations in recent decades, making the study of globalization's impacts on architecture a crucial endeavour. This qualitative research aims to evaluate the specific influences of globalization on the architectural landscape of Batna City in Algeria. Utilizing secondary data and observations, this study investigates the rise of individualism and detached houses in Batna City, which have witnessed notable architectural variations in recent decades. By analysing the underlying reasons behind the production of detached house samples and their connection with the rise of individualism, this research sheds light on the intersecting economic, political, and cultural forces of globalization that shape the built environment in Batna. The findings of this study reveal that globalization, along with economic and political shifts, urban expansion, and technological advancements, has contributed to the proliferation of individualism in Batna. It becomes evident that individualism is not a recent phenomenon but rather a trend that emerged shortly after independence and deepened in the post-2000s era. The manifestation of individualism is highly influenced by the forces of globalization and the media's portrayal of Western culture. This research holds significance for the field of architecture in Algeria, providing valuable insights into the impacts of globalization on architectural trends and the built environment. By understanding these influences, architects and policymakers can better navigate the challenges and opportunities presented by globalization, ensuring the continued development of culturally sensitive and contextually relevant architectural designs.
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Vacaru, Nadia-Elena. "CONTEMPORARY FAMILY - BETWEEN INDIVIDUALISM AND RECIPROCAL DEDICATION." In SGEM 2014 Scientific SubConference on ANTHROPOLOGY, ARCHAEOLOGY, HISTORY AND PHILOSOPHY. Stef92 Technology, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgemsocial2014/b31/s8.005.
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Whitfield-Brown, Louisa, and Samantha Moss. "Individualised dietary treatment of congenital chylothorax." In ERS International Congress 2018 abstracts. European Respiratory Society, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1183/13993003.congress-2018.pa4664.
Full textReports on the topic "Individualisme"
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Fiszbein, Martin, Yeonha Jung, and Dietrich Vollrath. Agrarian Origins of Individualism and Collectivism. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, January 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w29643.
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Bazzi, Samuel, Martin Fiszbein, and Maximiliano Garcia. The Moral Values of "Rugged Individualism". Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, May 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w32433.
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Tella, Rafael Di, Juan Dubra, and Robert MacCulloch. A Resource Belief-Curse? Oil and Individualism. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, December 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w14556.
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Landier, Augustin, and David Thesmar. Who is Neoliberal? Durkheimian Individualism and Support for Market Mechanisms. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, April 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w29942.
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Bazzi, Samuel, Martin Fiszbein, and Mesay Gebresilasse. Rugged Individualism and Collective (In)action During the COVID-19 Pandemic. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, September 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w27776.
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Davis, Robert D. Community Value Above Individualism: A Common Cultural Element in Modern Suicide Bombers. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, April 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada539970.
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Manski, Charles. WHEN CONSENSUS CHOICE DOMINATES INDIVIDUALISM: Jensen's Inequality and Collective Decisions under Uncertainty. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, July 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w15172.
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Gallardo-Camacho, J., FR Trujillo Fernández, and A. Jorge Alonso. El individualismo como estrategia improvisada en la dispersión de vídeos yihadistas en YouTube. Revista Latina de Comunicación Social, January 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4185/rlcs-2018-1243.
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Bazzi, Samuel, Martin Fiszbein, and Mesay Gebresilasse. Frontier Culture: The Roots and Persistence of “Rugged Individualism” in the United States. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, November 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w23997.
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Gallardo-Camacho, J., FR Trujillo Fernández, and A. Jorge Alonso. Individualism as an improvised strategy in the dispersion of jihadist videos in YouTube. Revista Latina de Comunicación Social, January 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4185/rlcs-2018-1243en.
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