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Journal articles on the topic 'Individuation (Psychology) in literature'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 3 March 2023

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1

Verner, Daryl, Charlotte Chandler, and Philip Clarke. "Exploring the Contribution of Personal Qualities to the Personal and Professional Development of Trainee Sport Psychology Practitioners’ Within the Individuation Process." Physical Culture and Sport. Studies and Research 92, no. 1 (November 26, 2021): 43–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/pcssr-2021-0024.

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Abstract Since the person behind the practitioner has been recognised as a core foundation of professional practice in sport psychology, research attention has diffused to focus on navigating the ‘rocky road’ towards individuation. As such, this study extended the literature by illuminating the importance of developing personal qualities during the embryonic stages of supervised experience (SE) in sport psychology to help support the individuation process occurring throughout the training journey. Specifically, the aim of the current study was to explore the contribution of personal qualities to the personal and professional development of trainee sport psychology practitioners, within the individuation process. Seven semi-structured interviews were conducted with probationary sport and exercise scientists (psychology) working in a range of elite and professional sports (i.e., premier league football, rugby league, golf, gymnastics, swimming, and several other Olympic sports). The interview schedule was refined following a pilot study. Interview transcripts were content analysed and trustworthiness criteria applied. Interpretative phenomenological analysis identified three main superordinate themes, labelled ‘self-development of personal qualities’, ‘facilitators of supervisee individuation’, and ‘initial consulting experiences of practitioners’. This study extends the literature by illuminating the importance of developing personal qualities during the embryonic stages of SE to help support the individuation process occurring throughout the training journey, thus better preparing sport psychologist’s for self-governed practice once accredited. Considerations are given in relation to how sport psychology education and training programmes could aid the individuation process via the development of personal qualities.

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2

Swanger, Jeffrey. "Painting and Individuation." Jung Journal 15, no. 3 (July 3, 2021): 72–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/19342039.2021.1942756.

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Katsky, Patricia. "Enlightenment, Individuation, and Nonduality." Jung Journal 15, no. 1 (January 2, 2021): 104–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/19342039.2021.1862601.

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4

Bright, Bonnie. "Farming Soul:The Alchemy of Individuation." Jung Journal 7, no. 1 (February 2013): 92–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/19342039.2013.759078.

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Shields, Leland E. "Zen Koans as Myths Reflecting Individuation." Jung Journal 4, no. 4 (October 2010): 65–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/jung.2010.4.4.65.

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Henderson, Rob. "Turbulence in the Individuation of Humankind." Jung Journal 11, no. 2 (April 3, 2017): 100–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/19342039.2017.1298424.

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7

Schlamm, Leon. "Revisiting Jung's dialogue with yoga: observations from transpersonal psychology." International Journal of Jungian Studies 2, no. 1 (March 1, 2010): 32–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/19409050903498337.

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In spite of the considerable body of scholarly literature on Jung's ambivalent relationship to Indian mystical traditions and his misreading of their canonical materials during the last three decades, Jung's persistent warnings against the practice of yoga by Europeans deserve more systematic examination by Jung scholars than they have so far received. At a time of increasing globalization inconsistent with Jung's East/West psychological relativism, Jung scholarship needs to engage with the considerable body of literature of transpersonal psychology addressing issues central to Jung's dialogue with yoga in the 1930s and 1940s. In this article, drawing upon the materials of transpersonal psychology, I examine two such issues: (1) Jung's claim that the European practice of yoga leads either to repression of unconscious contents by consciousness or to psychotic states in which consciousness is overwhelmed by the unconscious; (2) Jung's objection to the claim of Indian non-dualist traditions that the ego can be completely dissolved in, or absorbed by, the transcendental self. The purpose of this article is twofold: first, to catalogue challenges by transpersonal psychologists to Jung's model of psychological and spiritual development; second, to consider whether, because of Jung's defensive distancing from Indian spirituality, he exaggerated differences between the individuation process and the Indian mystical traditions he engaged with.

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Giuseppone, Kathryn R., and Laura E. Brumariu. "Mother-child disagreements on child anxiety: associated factors." Journal of Children's Services 12, no. 4 (December 18, 2017): 257–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jcs-11-2016-0021.

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Purpose Previous literature demonstrated low-to-moderate rates of agreement between children and mothers regarding child anxiety. The purpose of this paper is to evaluate factors related to differences between mother-child dyads who disagreed vs agreed in their reports of child anxiety symptoms. Design/methodology/approach In total, 87 children aged 9-12 years old and their mothers completed questionnaires regarding maternal perceptions of child behavior, maternal separation anxiety about the child’s individuation, and mother-child relationship characteristics. Findings The results showed that mothers in mother-child dyads who disagreed on child anxiety symptoms, compared to those in dyads who agreed on child anxiety symptoms, perceived their children as showing higher affect intensity and behavioral problems. They also expressed greater anxiety about the children’s individuation process, characterized in part by children’s increased autonomy and decline of reliance on them. Further, children in dyads who disagreed, compared to those in dyads who agreed, reported lower mother-child attachment security. Originality/value The results extend the literature by identifying specific factors related to the discrepancy between mothers’ and children’s reports of childhood anxiety in early adolescence. The results highlight the need to consider both mothers’ and children’s views when assessing childhood anxiety. Importantly, the results also indicate that specific factors investigated in this study, including maternal perception of children’s behavioral problems and their affect intensity, maternal anxiety about child individuation, and mother-child attachment security, could be used to inform clinical decisions regarding informant discrepancies.

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Frank, Michael C., Noah D. Goodman, and Joshua B. Tenenbaum. "Using Speakers' Referential Intentions to Model Early Cross-Situational Word Learning." Psychological Science 20, no. 5 (May 2009): 578–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9280.2009.02335.x.

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Word learning is a “chicken and egg” problem. If a child could understand speakers' utterances, it would be easy to learn the meanings of individual words, and once a child knows what many words mean, it is easy to infer speakers' intended meanings. To the beginning learner, however, both individual word meanings and speakers' intentions are unknown. We describe a computational model of word learning that solves these two inference problems in parallel, rather than relying exclusively on either the inferred meanings of utterances or cross-situational word-meaning associations. We tested our model using annotated corpus data and found that it inferred pairings between words and object concepts with higher precision than comparison models. Moreover, as the result of making probabilistic inferences about speakers' intentions, our model explains a variety of behavioral phenomena described in the word-learning literature. These phenomena include mutual exclusivity, one-trial learning, cross-situational learning, the role of words in object individuation, and the use of inferred intentions to disambiguate reference.

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Garuba, Issa Omotosho. "JUNG'S PSYCHOLOGICAL TYPES AND CHARACTERISATION IN ALEX LAGUMA’S LITERARY WORKS." Celtic: A Journal of Culture, English Language Teaching, Literature and Linguistics 7, no. 1 (June 25, 2020): 44. http://dx.doi.org/10.22219/celtic.v7i1.11427.

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Characterisation has immense influence on the study of literature, because it is as one of the determinants in measuring the quality of a narrative. Thus, assessing this aspect of a narrative, especially when dealing with characters in a racist narrative, requires an encompassing analytical approach. Hence, this paper is aimed atanalysing the psychological impulses that underlying the personality formations of the black characters in Alex La Guma’sA Walk in the Night and In the Fog of the Season’s End. In which, it adopts Carl Gustav Jung’s Psychological Types. The choice of this psychoanalytical tool is informed by the fact that, of all the psychological discoveries of Jung, the psychological types or the psychology of individuation has been acknowledged as his most significant discovery in psychoanalysis which has not attracted the literary critical attention, especially in terms of character analysis. To this end, therefore, the study attempts to establish the two categories of the reactions identified by Jung, namely introversion and extraversion, using the two Alex La Guma’sfictions.In addition, through the psychological complexities of the characters, ultimately, it is revealed that the extreme reactions are the products of individual innate tendencies, devoid of the social or the racial affiliations.

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Jafari, Morteza, Naser Motallebzadeh, and Naser Dashtpeyma. "“Generativity versus Stagnation”." Anafora 9, no. 1 (2022): 81–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.29162/anafora.v9i1.5.

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This paper discusses midlife crisis as a driving force behind the thought and action of the protagonist of Kazuo Ishiguro’s The Remains of the Day. The whole novel contains a diary written by the English butler Stevens who relates his history of servitude at Darlington Hall and concludes with some revelations about the true nature of his past. Since the butler’s account gives hints of his concern for the extent of his achievement in life, his reassessing act of delving into the past can be taken as an attempt to resolve his midlife crisis. Being the seventh stage of Erik Erikson’s developmental psychology, a midlife crisis is primarily characterized by the binary “generativity versus stagnation” and the subject’s struggle to decide on the meaning of life. Occurring between 40 and 65, midlife crisis is stimulated by the reconsideration of social demands such as career and marriage. Applying this psychoanalytic approach to Stevens’ experience of midlife crisis, the present research investigates the place of Lord Darlington and Miss Kenton, the former Stevens’ employer and the latter his only love object, as embodiments of the social demands of career and marriage that the butler reviews in his midlife stage. Ultimately, this research discusses the butler’s success in resolving his midlife crisis through considering the individuation process, namely self-awareness, self-actualization, and the caring power, which the protagonist goes through.

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Oktay, Gülçin. "“Elderly” girls, “faded” melodramas in Selim İleri’s novel Ölünceye Kadar Seninim Selim İleri’nin Ölünceye Kadar Seninim romanında “yaşlı” kızlar, “geçkin” melodramlar." Journal of Human Sciences 14, no. 2 (May 30, 2017): 1951. http://dx.doi.org/10.14687/jhs.v14i2.4609.

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Selim İleri stepped into the world of literature in 1967 with an article published in the Yeni Ufuklar (New Horizons) magazine. He has produced and continues to produce works in many types of the Turkish literature such as novel, story, essay, poem, analysis, and play. Having completed his fiftieth year in literature this year, İleri is mostly known for his novels despite he has published 72 books in various types. Yıldırım Türker defines “Selim İleri” as “the archaeologist of Turkish literature” in his article titled “Bir Cihan Kaynanası (A Mother-in-Law of the World)” and published in Radikal Gazetesi (Radikal Newspaper) in 2010 because of his descent into the roots of Turkish literature, his touching upon the lives of the marginalized and including these forgotten people in his novels. İleri tells in his novels the loneliness of languished people and their processes of reckoning; he transfers the “individuation” adventure of a person into the world of fiction through various events and characters. Although his novel Ölünceye Kadar Seninim (I am yours until I die) has been published in quite many editions, it remains “somewhat” marginal compared to other Selim İleri novels. The novel, on the other hand, tells the story of the “elderly girl” Süha Rikkat, who has lived through three revolutions, wrote more than forty love and blind love novels, and never married; and in the background of this story, it tells the effects of the social and political structure of the period on human psychology. The novel is important and it should be examined as the narrator topic is complicated, it makes a parody of popular love novels and romanticism, it narrates the psychology of Süha Rikkat that comes close to going mad between imagination and reality, and it reflects Selim İleri’s perspective for all these listed.Extended English abstract is in the end of PDF (TURKISH) file. ÖzetSelim İleri, edebiyat dünyasına 1967 yılında Yeni Ufuklar dergisinde yayımladığı bir yazıyla adım atmış, Türk edebiyatının roman, hikâye, deneme, şiir, inceleme, senaryo, oyun yazarlığı gibi pek çok türünde eserler vermiş ve vermekte olan bir yazardır. İçinde bulunduğumuz yıl itibariyle edebiyatta ellinci yılını dolduran İleri, çeşitli türde 72 kitaba adını yazmasına rağmen daha çok romancı kimliğiyle ön plana çıkar. Yıldırım Türker de 2010 yılında Radikal Gazetesi’ne yazdığı “Bir Cihan Kaynanası” adlı yazısında, Selim İleri’yi Türk edebiyatının köklerine inmesi, kıyıda kalmışların yaşamlarına değinmesi ve bu unutulmuş insanları romanlarında ele alması sebebiyle “Türk edebiyatının vefakâr arkeoloğu” olarak tanımlar. Romanlarında bunalan insanların yalnızlıklarını, kendileriyle hesaplaşma süreçlerini anlatan İleri, insanın “bireyleşme” serüvenini çeşitli olaylar ve karakterler aracılığıyla kurgu dünyasına taşır. Ölünceye Kadar Seninim romanı ise baskı sayısı fazla olan Selim İleri romanlarının yanında “biraz” kıyıda kalır. Oysaki roman, üç ihtilal süreci yaşamış, kırktan fazla aşk ve karasevda romanı yazmış, hiç evlenmemiş, “yaşlı kız” Süha Rikkat’in hikâyesini ve bu hikâyenin arkasında dönemin sosyal ve siyasî yapısının insan psikolojisine olan etkilerini anlatır. Roman; anlatıcı konusunun çetrefilli oluşu, popüler aşk romanlarının, romantizmin parodisini yapması, Süha Rikkat’in hayal ile gerçeklik arasında çıldırmaya varan psikolojisini anlatması ve tüm bu sayılanlara Selim İleri’nin bakış açısını yansıtması açısından önemlidir ve incelenmelidir.

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Cian, Luca, and Sara Cervai. "Under the reputation umbrella." Corporate Communications: An International Journal 19, no. 2 (April 1, 2014): 182–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ccij-10-2011-0055.

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Purpose – Currently, in the literature, words such as “corporate image”, “projected image”, “construed image”, “reputation”, “organizational identity”, and “organizational culture” are often confused and superimposed. This creates a conceptual mismatch that leads to results that are hard to compare. Moreover, this leads to difficulty in individuating the correct tools to investigate these constructs. Part of this confusion is due to the lack of a framework shared by different literatures. The aim of this paper is firstly to propose a reasoned review of the literatures related to these constructs. Secondly, the authors propose a new framework and a standard terminology, in which reputation is the wider construct that includes and relates to the others. Design/methodology/approach – The authors performed an extensive and multidisciplinary review in the 12 most used databases within corporate communication, organizational psychology, marketing, organizational studies, management, and business. A semiotic and relational approach was implemented as modus operandi. Findings – The paper builds on the previous literature, clarifying labels and constructs and identifying a standard terminology to which future studies can refer in order to facilitate a multidisciplinary dialog along different disciplines. Originality/value – To the authors' knowledge, this is the first review to take into consideration all of the seven constructs together and relate them within one framework. Moreover, it uses a novel approach in seeing “reputation” as an umbrella construct under which all the other constructs are grouped and included.

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Lyons, Jack C. "Algorithm and Parameters: Solving the Generality Problem for Reliabilism." Philosophical Review 128, no. 4 (October 1, 2019): 463–509. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/00318108-7697876.

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The paper offers a solution to the generality problem for a reliabilist epistemology, by developing an “algorithm and parameters” scheme for type-individuating cognitive processes. Algorithms are detailed procedures for mapping inputs to outputs. Parameters are psychological variables that systematically affect processing. The relevant process type for a given token is given by the complete algorithmic characterization of the token, along with the values of all the causally relevant parameters. The typing that results is far removed from the typings of folk psychology, and from much of the epistemology literature. But it is principled and empirically grounded, and shows good prospects for yielding the desired epistemological verdicts. The paper articulates and elaborates the theory, drawing out some of its consequences. Toward the end, the fleshed-out theory is applied to two important case studies: hallucination and cognitive penetration of perception.

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Burge, Tyler. "INDIVIDUATION AND CAUSATION IN PSYCHOLOGY." Pacific Philosophical Quarterly 70, no. 4 (December 1989): 303–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0114.1989.tb00384.x.

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Frantz, Gilda. "Aging and Individuation." Psychological Perspectives 56, no. 2 (April 2013): 129–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00332925.2013.786629.

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Müller, Lutz. "Individuation und Synchronizität." Analytische Psychologie 32, no. 4 (2001): 307–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000046790.

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Tresan, David. "Thinking individuation forward." Journal of Analytical Psychology 52, no. 1 (January 22, 2007): 17–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-5922.2007.00638.x.

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DOWNTON, J. V. "Individuation and Shamanism." Journal of Analytical Psychology 34, no. 1 (January 1989): 73–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1465-5922.1989.00073.x.

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Zoja, Luigi, and Henry Martin. "Individuation and paideia." Journal of Analytical Psychology 42, no. 3 (July 1997): 481–505. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1465-5922.1997.00481.x.

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21

Gil Congote, Lina Marcela, and Germán Vargas Guillén. "The Psychology of Individuation as Epistemology." Philosophy Today 63, no. 3 (2019): 659–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/philtoday2019111287.

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This article explores the indissoluble connection between the order of being and knowing in the allagmatic epistemology proposed by Gilbert Simondon based on the following thesis: the knowledge of psychic individuation is the condition for the possibility of knowing different modes of individuation. This statement requires the passage through logic, according to the author’s conception of ontogenesis, for describing the analogy and the subject that knows analogically and individuates itself as he knows. Thus, the psychology of individuation is established as a scientific field of work opened up by Simondon and its epistemological implications in the way of conceiving the subject-object relation.

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Bartle, Suzanne E., and Karen Rosen. "Individuation and relationship violence." American Journal of Family Therapy 22, no. 3 (September 1994): 222–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01926189408251316.

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23

Ercolino, Stefano. "Unrestrained Individuation." Historical Materialism 29, no. 2 (April 26, 2021): 100–118. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/1569206x-12341961.

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Abstract This essay focuses on a little-understood phase of Franco Moretti’s work that spans 1976 to 1986. My aim is to shed light on Moretti’s cultural background as it was formed in that period and to account for the transition from the Trotskyist, politically-militant stance of his first book, Literature and Ideologies in England in the 1930s, to the idiosyncratic, seemingly disengaged character of Signs Taken for Wonders and The Way of the World. Adorno’s concept of ‘unrestrained individuation’ plays a crucial role in the argument. Following a personal political crisis, Moretti opted to enact a form of critical individuation, encoding the explicit social antagonism of the earlier years within a highly personal style and a new theoretical eclecticism. In this way, by disguising it as an alluring form of individualism, Moretti managed to smuggle an antagonistic critical discourse into an increasingly neoliberal world that would soon prove hostile toward it.

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Humphreys, Connie N., and William B. Davidson. "Individuation of Self and Stereotyping of others." Psychological Reports 81, no. 3_suppl (December 1997): 1252–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1997.81.3f.1252.

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This study investigated whether people who present themselves as individuated tend not to see others in stereotyped ways. 106 undergraduates completed a measure of self-individuation and a measure of stereotyping others. The measure of self-individuation, the Individuation scale, has 12 items on which respondents rate their willingness to engage in individuating behavior such as self-disclosure and attention-getting. The measure of stereotyping has 40 items on which respondents rate the likelihood that certain types of people would engage in certain types of actions. Analysis showed scores on the measures of individuation and stereotyping were internally reliable (83 and 85 respectively), and significantly negatively correlated (−.33) with each other Respondents who scored high on the Individuation scale tended to rate the likelihood of others' actions in a manner different from common stereotypes.

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Odermatt, Martin. "Individuation und gesellschaftliche Realität." Analytische Psychologie 29, no. 4 (1998): 256–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000013672.

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FIELD, NATHAN. "Object Relations and Individuation:." Journal of Analytical Psychology 39, no. 4 (October 1994): 463–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1465-5922.1994.00463.x.

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Semetsky, Inna. "The complexity of individuation." International Journal of Applied Psychoanalytic Studies 1, no. 4 (November 2004): 324–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aps.84.

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Mitchell, Robert L. "Jung, Neumann and Gebser." International Journal of Jungian Studies 12, no. 1 (February 3, 2020): 41–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/19409060-01201004.

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Abstract In recent decades, indeterminate states of cultural identity in both individuals and nations have resulted from cross-cultural migrations and the resistance of host nations to critically re-evaluate traditional cultural complexes and welcome new influences. Jung’s theory of individuation, Neumann’s centroversion and Gebser’s integrality provide a new foundation in consciousness for re-evaluating both individual and national cultural identities. In terms of the development and education of children, the two common threads in these three theories are individuation and recapitulation theory. Individuation, re-imagined by Neumann as centroversion, parallels Gebser’s concept of integrality and provides a mediating foundation for comparing individuation and integrality. Both concepts are compared in terms of the first phase of the individuation process, characterized by the development and education of the child. The objective is to achieve an individuated-integral, spiritualized personality in the first half of life so that the spiritually mature adult can contribute to an evolved human consciousness and global cultural identity in the second half of life.

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Masciandaro, Nicola. "Individuation: This stupidity." postmedieval: a journal of medieval cultural studies 1, no. 1-2 (March 2010): 124–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/pmed.2010.11.

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Lescinskaite, Irma. "DISSEMINATION OF THE CONCEPT OF PERSONAL INDIVIDUATION IN MODERN PHILOSOPHY AND PSYCHOLOGY (THEORETICAL AND HISTORICAL OVERVIEW OF THE CONCEPT DEVELOPMENT)." SOCIETY. INTEGRATION. EDUCATION. Proceedings of the International Scientific Conference 2 (May 21, 2019): 291. http://dx.doi.org/10.17770/sie2019vol2.3941.

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The article aims to reveal the concept of Individuation. Individuation is perceived as a conscious decision to constantly create one’s qualitative life by realizing one’s creative strengths and personal human needs. It can and is also perceived as a (self)educational process, which occurs in an educational environment that is suitable for the self-expression and individuation of a person. The following article reveals the philosophical and psychological approaches towards the concept of personal individuation. The concepts of individuation of the following authors are being reviewed: I. Kant, F. Schiller, F. Nietzsche, J. Dewey, R. Rorty, G. Jung, C. Rogers and A. Maslow.

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Usandivaras, Raúl J. "Through `Communitas' to Individuation." Group Analysis 22, no. 2 (June 1989): 161–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0533316489222005.

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Kruse, Joachim, and Sabine Walper. "Types of individuation in relation to parents: Predictors and outcomes." International Journal of Behavioral Development 32, no. 5 (September 2008): 390–400. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0165025408093657.

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Individuation in relation to father and mother is one of the key developmental tasks of adolescence, and has been conceptualized as gaining autonomy while maintaining relatedness to parents. Research on high-conflict, divorced and step-families suggests that specific stressors in these family types may compromise successful individuation by undermining relatedness, triggering insecurities or leading to early independence. This study takes a typological approach (1) seeking to identify distinct patterns of adolescents' relationships to mother and residential father figure (biological or stepfather), (2) testing the effects of family structure and dynamics, and (3) investigating links between type of individuation and adolescents' adjustment. The sample consisted of N = 649 adolescents in Germany aged between 10 and 20 years who lived in nuclear, single-mother or stepfather families. The Munich Individuation Test of Adolescence (MITA) was used to assess individuation. For n = 473 adolescents data on individuation in relation to the biological or stepfather were available. Cluster analyses resulted in three types of individuation regarding mothers and four types regarding fathers. In particular, children from (nuclear) families with high interparental conflict were at risk for an insecure ambivalent relationship. Securely individuated youth showed significantly better adjustment in a variety of outcomes.

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Kins, Evie, Wim Beyers, and Bart Soenens. "When the separation-individuation process goes awry." International Journal of Behavioral Development 37, no. 1 (September 6, 2012): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0165025412454027.

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Problematic separation-individuation has been conceptualized almost unilaterally as separation anxiety or as intolerance of being alone (i.e., dysfunctional dependence). However, as separation-individuation involves a dynamic interaction between independence and relatedness, it was argued in this study that disturbances in the separation-individuation process could manifest in at least two ways; that is, as dysfunctional dependence and as dysfunctional independence. In a sample of 232 emerging adults, we examined correlates and outcomes of the two types of dysfunctional separation-individuation. We found that both types were related in similar ways to depressive symptoms and a general measure of pathological separation-individuation. Yet they were associated differentially and in theoretically expected ways with: (a) dimensions of attachment (i.e., anxiety and avoidance); and (b) dimensions of personality that confer vulnerability to depression (i.e., dependency and self-criticism). In addition, person-centered results showed evidence for four groups of individuals with distinct profiles of separation-individuation (i.e., healthy, dysfunctional dependent, dysfunctional independent, and combined). Implications for clinical practice and future research are discussed.

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GORDON, ROSEMARY. "Individuation in the Developmental Process." Journal of Analytical Psychology 31, no. 3 (July 1986): 223–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1465-5922.1986.00223.x.

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NOLL, R. "Comment on 'Individuation and Shamanism'." Journal of Analytical Psychology 35, no. 2 (April 1990): 213–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1465-5922.1990.00213.x.

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Morena, Gita Dorothy. "Generational Individuation: Who Am I?" Psychological Perspectives 65, no. 2 (April 3, 2022): 204–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00332925.2022.2119759.

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37

Huguet, Pascal, Emmanuelle Charbonnier, and Jean-Marc Monteil. "WHERE DOES SELF-ESTEEM COME FROM? THE INFLUENCE OF PRIVATE VERSUS PUBLIC INDIVIDUATION." Social Behavior and Personality: an international journal 23, no. 4 (January 1, 1995): 335–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.2224/sbp.1995.23.4.335.

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Josephs, Markus, and Tafarodi (1992) recently claimed that male self-esteem (SE) can be linked to an individuation process in which personal distinguishing achievements are emphasized. Most of the effects they found with a measure of private individuation, however, were only marginally significant. Not surprisingly regarding this statistical point, the present investigation failed to produce findings consistent with Josephs et males' hypothesis when using the same measure. Instead, this investigation revealed that both males and females' self-esteem can be affected by another form of individuation which emphasizes subjects' willingness to engage in behaviors that would publicly differentiate themselves from others.

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Barbaranelli, Claudio, Gian Vittorio Caprara, and Christina Maslach. "Individuation and the Five Factor Model of Personality Traits1." European Journal of Psychological Assessment 13, no. 2 (May 1997): 75–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027/1015-5759.13.2.75.

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Two studies have been conducted respectively to examine the validity of the Italian version of the Individuation scale ( Maslach, Stapp & Santee, 1985 ), and to investigate individuation within the frame of the Five Factor Model of personality (FFM). The Italian version of the scale showed psychometric characteristics fully comparable to those of the American normative sample. Although Italians scored lower, on average, than Americans in their willingness to individuate themselves, this effect was due largely to the lower scores of Italian women, rather than men. Individuation appeared to correlate with Extraversion and Openness to Experience in both the Italian and American samples.

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Mazza, Veronica. "Simultanagnosia and object individuation." Cognitive Neuropsychology 34, no. 7-8 (June 6, 2017): 430–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02643294.2017.1331212.

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Reis, Olaf, and Heike M. Buhl. "Individuation during adolescence and emerging adulthood – five German studies." International Journal of Behavioral Development 32, no. 5 (September 2008): 369–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0165025408093653.

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Among theories describing human relationships and interactions, individuation theory has increasingly gained attention over the last three decades. After ideas of individuation were introduced to the USA by German emigrants, such as Erik Erikson and Peter Blos, a second generation of American researchers brought the issue to the fore during the 1980s. Since then, German research has taken up the topic. Current lines of German research resonate with contemporary American research (e.g., Allen, Smetana), but also explore possible extensions of the theory. Here we introduce five German studies that explore relations between individuation and attachment, interactions between transmissions and relationships, or try to extend individuation theory beyond adolescence and the family system.

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Chen, Zeng-Yin. "Ethnic Similarities and Differences in the Association of Emotional Autonomy and Adolescent Outcomes: Comparing Euro-American and Asian-American Adolescents." Psychological Reports 84, no. 2 (April 1999): 501–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1999.84.2.501.

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This study has conducted an ethnic comparison on the strength of the association between Individuation, a subscale from the Emotional Autonomy construct presented originally by Steinberg and Silverberg in 1986, and adolescent outcomes in terms of self-esteem and susceptibility to negative peer pressure. Consistent with what was expected, the association between Individuation and lowered self-esteem was more salient among 287 Asian-American adolescent boys than among 1,353 Euro-American adolescent boys. Contrary to what was hypothesized, the association between Individuation and susceptibility to negative peer pressure was more pronounced among 1,573 Euro-American adolescent girls than among 292 Asian-American adolescent girls.

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Biancoli, Romano. "Individuation in Analytic Relatedness." Contemporary Psychoanalysis 38, no. 4 (October 2002): 589–612. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00107530.2002.10747187.

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Driver, Christine. "Michael Fordham’s Theories of Human Development: An Analytical Psychology Perspective." Journal of Symbols & Sandplay Therapy 13, no. 2 (December 31, 2022): 1–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.12964/jsst.22006.

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This paper examines the work of Dr. Michael Fordham, Child Psychiatrist and Jungian Analyst, and his theories of human development. Starting with a brief overview of Jung’s concept of the self the paper considers how Fordham recognised that the processes of individuation occur from birth and describes how he introduced the idea of a primary self which fuels development through processes of deintegration and reintegration. This paper considers these processes in detail and how they can lead, in optimal circumstances, to ego development, the development of mind in relation to self and individuation. A brief example is given of the dynamics of deintegration and reintegration between an infant and their mother/caregiver. Links between Fordham’s ideas and the development of feeling toned complexes are explored and a brief overview is given of how neglect, abuse and trauma can impede the processes of deintegration and reintegration and lead to splitting and defences of the self. A clinical example is provided to illustrate the impact of neglect on infant development and how therapy can enable further processes of deintegration, reintegration and individuation. Overall this paper considers Fordham’s concept of the primary self and the processes of deintegration and reintegration and examines how these dynamics enable the gradual expression and integration of aspects of the self, the development of mind in relation to self and others, and individuation.

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Hall, James. "The Snail's glass path of individuation." Psychological Perspectives 41, no. 1 (January 2000): 22–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00332920008403386.

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Curran, Ronald T. "Kali, Individuation, and the Primordial Unconscious." Psychological Perspectives 48, no. 2 (July 2005): 172–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00332920500374903.

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Edinger, Edward E. "Individuation: A Myth for Modern Man." Psychological Perspectives 39, no. 1 (June 1999): 19–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00332929908405651.

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Wynn, Karen. "Infants' Individuation and Enumeration of Actions." Psychological Science 7, no. 3 (May 1996): 164–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9280.1996.tb00350.x.

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Two experiments examined 6-month-old infants' ability to individuate and enumerate physical actions—the sequential jumps of a puppet In both experiments, which employed a habituation paradigm, infants successfully discriminated two-jump from three-jump sequences The sequences of activity in the two experiments provided for an initial exploration of the cues infants use to individuate actions Results show that (a) infants can individuate and enumerate actions in a sequence, indicating that their enumeration mechanism is quite general in the kinds of entities over which it will operate, (b) actions whose temporal boundaries are characterized by a contrast between motion and absence of motion are especially easy to individuate and enumerate, but nonetheless (c) infants can individuate and enumerate actions embedded in a sequence of continuous motion, indicating that infants possess procedures for parsing an ongoing motionful scene into distinct portions of activity

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Almaraz, Steven M., Kurt Hugenberg, and Steven G. Young. "Perceiving Sophisticated Minds Influences Perceptual Individuation." Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin 44, no. 2 (November 2, 2017): 143–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0146167217733070.

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In six studies, we investigated how ascribing humanlike versus animallike minds to targets influences how easily targets are individuated. Across the studies, participants learned to discriminate among a variety of “aliens” (actually Greebles). Our initial study showed that participants’ ability to learn to individuate targets was related to beliefs that targets had sophisticated minds. Investigating the directionality of this relationship, we found that learning to better recognize the targets did not affect perceptions of mind (Study 2). However, when targets were described as having sophisticated humanlike (relative to simplistic animallike) mental faculties, perceivers indicated more motivation to individuate (Study 3) and were more successful individuating them (Studies 4 and 5). Finally, we showed that increased self-similarity mediated the relationship between targets’ mental sophistication and perceivers’ motivation to individuate (Study 6). These findings indicate ascribing sophisticated mental faculties to others has implications for how we individuate them.

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Transeau, Gail, and John Eliot. "Individuation and Adult Children of Alcoholics." Psychological Reports 67, no. 1 (August 1990): 137–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1990.67.1.137.

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Carvalho, Richard. "The final challenge: ageing, dying, individuation." Journal of Analytical Psychology 53, no. 1 (January 16, 2008): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-5922.2007.00699.x.

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