Academic literature on the topic 'Indoor Environmental Quality (IEQ)'

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Journal articles on the topic "Indoor Environmental Quality (IEQ)"

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Al-Rawi, Mohammad Ayad, Praneel Chand, and Archie Van Mendoza Evangelista. "Cost-Effective Customizable Indoor Environmental Quality Monitoring System." Advances in Technology Innovation 7, no. 1 (October 28, 2021): 01–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.46604/aiti.2021.8291.

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Poor indoor environmental quality (IEQ) has become a global concern for World Health Organization (WHO), and its impact on health and well-being has been exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic. To monitor and sanitize indoor air, this study develops a cost-effective and customizable IEQ monitoring system to detect unhealthy and low-comfort air levels. This system uses ThingSpeak (MATLAB), microcontrollers (Arduino Uno), and various low-cost sensors to measure indoor air quality (IAQ) and IEQ in terms of gas, particulate matter, temperature, sound level, and ultraviolet (UV) light. The presented system is validated with respect to temperature, relative humidity, and particulate matter by benchmarking against the Camfil air image sensor manufactured by Camfil AB, Stockholm, Sweden. The average error of temperature, relative humidity, and PM2.5 are 0.55%, 5.13%, and 3.45%, respectively.
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Riffelli, Stefano. "A Wireless Indoor Environmental Quality Logger Processing the Indoor Global Comfort Index." Sensors 22, no. 7 (March 27, 2022): 2558. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22072558.

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Indoor environmental quality (IEQ) has a high-level of impact on one’s health and productivity. It is widely accepted that IEQ is composed of four categories: thermal comfort, indoor air quality (IAQ), visual comfort, and acoustic comfort. The main physical parameters that primarily represent these comfort categories can be monitored using sensors. To this purpose, the article proposes a wireless indoor environmental quality logger. In the literature, global comfort indices are often assessed objectively (using sensors) or subjectively (through surveys). This study adopts an integrated approach that calculates a predicted indoor global comfort index (P-IGCI) using sensor data and estimates a real perceived indoor global comfort index (RP-IGCI) based on questionnaires. Among the 19 different tested algorithms, the stepwise multiple linear regression model minimized the distance between the two comfort indices. In the case study involving a university classroom setting—thermal comfort and indoor air quality were identified as the most relevant IEQ elements from a subjective point of view. The model also confirms this findings from an objective perspective since temperature and CO2 merge as the measured physical parameters with the most impacts on overall comfort.
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Mallawaarachchi, Harshini, Lalith De Silva, and Raufdeen Rameezdeen. "Indoor environmental quality and occupants’ productivity." Built Environment Project and Asset Management 6, no. 5 (November 7, 2016): 462–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/bepam-09-2015-0046.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to determine the relationship between indoor environmental quality (IEQ) and occupants’ productivity improvements in green buildings in order to propose probable enhancements of national green certification criteria. Design/methodology/approach Survey approach was selected under quantitative phenomenon. Hence, questionnaire survey was selected as a primary data collection technique. It was linked to semi-structured interviews to validate survey results. The survey data were analysed by using nonparametric statistical analysis techniques, such as significance testing and Spearman’s correlation. Statistical Package for the Social Science (SPSS) v.20 statistical analysis software was used in data analysis. Findings Seven factors were identified as significant factors which showed statistically significant monotonic correlation to major IEQ dimensions. Among those, air quality and acoustical partitioning factors confirmed a statistically significant weak positive monotonic correlation, whilst system control showed strongly positive monotonic correlation to occupants’ productivity in green buildings. Practical implications The findings can be practically implied as a basis to review the existing evaluation criteria of IEQ in national green certification system to propose probable enhancements. Originality/value The significant IEQ factors influencing occupants’ productivity were determined as the focal point of this research. Accordingly, new provisions were proposed to enhance the national green certification criteria.
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Harčárová, K., and S. Vilčeková. "Indoor environmental quality in green certified office buildings." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 1252, no. 1 (September 1, 2022): 012054. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/1252/1/012054.

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Abstract The presented paper deals with the assessment of selected indoor environmental quality (IEQ) factors, specifically the parameters of thermal comfort and indoor air quality (IAQ), in two buildings of a modern office complex. Both buildings are LEED certified. The monitoring of selected IEQ risk factors took place in selected office spaces (cell and open-space offices) representative of all occupied areas under operating conditions. The results of real measurements of IAQ parameters indicate that the monitored office spaces in both buildings did not exceed the required limits set by the LEED certification system. The measured parameters of thermal comfort were within the permissible legislative limits and the results of Predicted Mean Vote (PMV) and Predicted Percentage of Dissatisfied (PPD) indices show that a suitable level of thermal comfort can be expected in the given buildings during their occupancy. Based on the results of real measurements, it can be stated that both office buildings actually meet the LEED criteria for IAQ and guarantee a healthy and comfortable working environment for their occupants.
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Kakoulli, Christina, Alexis Kyriacou, and Michalis P. Michaelides. "A Review of Field Measurement Studies on Thermal Comfort, Indoor Air Quality and Virus Risk." Atmosphere 13, no. 2 (January 25, 2022): 191. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atmos13020191.

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People spend up to 90% of their time indoors where they continuously interact with the indoor environment. Indoor Environmental Quality (IEQ), and in particular thermal comfort, Indoor Air Quality (IAQ), and acoustic and visual comfort, have proven to be significant factors that influence the occupants’ health, comfort, productivity and general well-being. The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic has also highlighted the need for real-life experimental data acquired through field measurement studies to help us understand and potentially control the impact of IEQ on the occupants’ health. In this context, there was a significant increase over the past two decades of field measurement studies conducted all over the world that analyse the IEQ in various indoor environments. In this study, an overview of the most important factors that influence the IAQ, thermal comfort, and the risk of virus transmission is first presented, followed by a comprehensive review of selected field measurement studies from the last 20 years. The main objective is to provide a broad overview of the current status of field measurement studies, to identify key characteristics, common outcomes, correlations, insights, as well as gaps, and to serve as the starting point for conducting future field measurement studies.
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Abdou, Yasmin, Young Ki Kim, and Lindita Bande. "Indoor environmental quality evaluation in a hot and arid climate: a case study of a higher education office building." E3S Web of Conferences 167 (2020): 04004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202016704004.

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Indoor Environment Quality (IEQ) refers to the overall environmental quality within a building, especially as it relates to the health and comfort of the building’s occupants. It includes several factors such as lighting levels and indoor air quality (IAQ). As humans spend a significant amount of time indoors; particularly at the workplace for up to 12 hours a day, the IEQ of the office greatly affects one’s overall well-being, health with striking effects on productivity. As for IAQ, in severe cases, high levels of carbon dioxide (CO2), particulate matter (PM), and humidity may cause headache, allergy, and asthma. A higher education (HE) office building located in United Arab Emirates University (UAEU) campus has been taken as a case study. Situated in the UAE, this is characterized by an extremely hot-arid climate. The HE building has been monitored using a set of advanced sensor devices to record indoor environmental data such as the measurements of temperature, relative humidity, lux level, particulate matter 2.5/10(PM 2.5/ 10), carbon dioxide (CO2), and total volatile organic compounds (TVOCs). Results of this paper aim to use the onsite numerical assessment and future POE assessment to verify the building’s performance and discover where the operational gaps are. Better facility management strategies will be suggested to enhance the indoor environmental quality (IEQ) as well as more findings will be discussed in this paper.
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Shen, Zhifeng, Xirui Yang, Chunlu Liu, and Junjie Li. "Assessment of Indoor Environmental Quality in Budget Hotels Using Text-Mining Method: Case Study of Top Five Brands in China." Sustainability 13, no. 8 (April 17, 2021): 4490. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13084490.

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Guests’ evaluation of indoor environmental quality (IEQ) is important for identifying environment quality problems in hotels and improving service quality. This paper aims to identify IEQ problems in budget hotels in China and improve them. Specifically, 2.06 million online reviews of budget hotels were used to assess IEQ issues in China’s budget hotels in four areas: acoustic environment, luminous environment, indoor air quality (IAQ) and thermal environment. The influences of the season, region and type of customers on the IEQ evaluation were also explored, and the main causes of IEQ problems were also identified. The research results show that the IEQ complaint rates of budget hotels are relatively high. In particular, complaints about the acoustic environment are more common. Differences in seasons and climate zones have significant effects on complaints about the acoustic environment, thermal environment and IAQ. Different types of customers have different concerns about hotel IEQ, among which solo travelers and traveling couples have higher requirements for IEQ. The occurrence of IEQ problems significantly reduces a hotel’s online rating, with IAQ and the thermal environment having the greatest impacts, but the causal factors that trigger IEQ problems are relatively concentrated. The findings of this paper can provide a reference for assessing IEQ problems in hotel buildings and guide hotel managers to adopt targeted IEQ improvement programs to promote sustainable development in the hotel industry.
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Kapoor, Nishant Raj, Ashok Kumar, Tabish Alam, Anuj Kumar, Kishor S. Kulkarni, and Paolo Blecich. "A Review on Indoor Environment Quality of Indian School Classrooms." Sustainability 13, no. 21 (October 27, 2021): 11855. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su132111855.

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The progress of Indoor Environmental Quality (IEQ) research in school buildings has increased profusely in the last two decades and the interest in this area is still growing worldwide. IEQ in classrooms impacts the comfort, health, and productivity of students as well as teachers. This article systematically discusses IEQ parameters related to studies conducted in Indian school classrooms during the last fifteen years. Real-time research studies conducted on Indoor Air Quality (IAQ), Thermal Comfort (TC), Acoustic Comfort (AcC), and Visual Comfort (VC) in Indian school classrooms from July 2006 to March 2021 are considered to gain insight into the existing research methodologies. This review article indicates that IEQ parameter studies in Indian school buildings are tortuous, strewn, inadequate, and unorganized. There is no literature review available on studies conducted on IEQ parameters in Indian school classrooms. The results infer that in India, there is no well-established method to assess the indoor environmental condition of classrooms in school buildings to date. Indian school classrooms are bleak and in dire need of energy-efficient modifications that maintain good IEQ for better teaching and learning outcomes. The prevailing COVID-19 Pandemic, Artificial Intelligence (AI), National Education Policy (NEP), Sick Building Syndrome (SBS), Internet of Things (IoT), and Green Schools (GS) are also discussed to effectively link existing conditions with the future of IEQ research in Indian school classrooms.
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Dang, Van Thac, Ninh Nguyen, and Jianming Wang. "The impact of retailers' indoor environmental quality on consumer purchase decision." International Journal of Retail & Distribution Management 49, no. 6 (January 26, 2021): 772–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijrdm-04-2020-0130.

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PurposeA review of 67 articles in the indoor environmental quality (IEQ) literature published from 2010 to 2020 reveals that none of prior studies have determined the IEQ of physical retailers and its impact on consumers. To fill such a gap, this study investigates the influence of physical retailers' IEQ on consumer purchase intention. The mediating roles of hedonic experience and perceived brand value (PBV) in this relationship are also determined. Furthermore, the moderating effect of perceived service quality (PSQ) on the link between physical retailers' IEQ and PBV is clarified in this study.Design/methodology/approachThis study uses structural equation modeling (SEM) to analyze a sample data of 996 consumers in China.FindingsResults show that physical retailers' IEQ has a positive impact on consumer purchase intention. Hedonic experience mediates the link between IEQ and purchase intention. PBV also mediates the relationship between IEQ and purchase intention and that between hedonic experience and purchase intention. In addition, PSQ moderates the relationship between IEQ and PBV.Originality/valueTo the best of the authors’ knowledge, this study is the first to determine the impact of IEQ on consumers in the physical retailer context. Specifically, this study enriches our knowledge about the relationship between physical retailers' IEQ and consumer purchase intention with the mediating and moderating mechanisms of hedonic experience, PBV and PSQ. The findings fill the research gaps in the IEQ literature that has ignored the impact of IEQ on consumers' perception and behavioral intention in the physical retailer context. Furthermore, this research provides evidence for retailer managers to understand and improve physical stores' IEQ.
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Tran, Minh Tien, Wenjuan Wei, Claire Dassonville, Christophe Martinsons, Pascal Ducruet, Corinne Mandin, Valérie Héquet, and Pawel Wargocki. "Review of Parameters Measured to Characterize Classrooms’ Indoor Environmental Quality." Buildings 13, no. 2 (February 3, 2023): 433. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings13020433.

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As attention to indoor environmental quality (IEQ) grows, a systematic strategy for assessing IEQ in schools needs to be developed. For this purpose, this paper presents a summary of parameters measured in school classrooms to characterize the quality of thermal, acoustic, and visual environments and indoor air quality (IAQ). The summary is based on a review of published literature reporting measurements in schools in Europe and North America in the past ten years. It also summarizes the measurement protocols and measured concentrations. Eighty-eight papers describing measurements in schools were identified and analyzed. No unique standardized measuring method was used in the reviewed studies and different parameters were measured. The most often measured parameters were those describing the thermal environment and IAQ. The former mainly comprised air temperature and relative humidity. The latter mainly comprised concentrations of carbon dioxide, particulate matter, radon, formaldehyde, and some volatile organic compounds. The measured parameters describing acoustic and visual environments mainly comprised noise level, reverberation time, and illuminance. A few studies reported additional measurements of radiant temperature, operative temperature, and speech intelligibility. Measurement protocols from different studies show inconsistency in sampling duration and location and expressed results. Measured concentrations also show high variation between studies, with some pollutants exceeding the threshold values proposed by local and/or international organizations such as the World Health Organization (WHO). This review provides the reference for developing a rating scheme and protocols for uniform characterization of classroom IEQ.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Indoor Environmental Quality (IEQ)"

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PITTANA, ILARIA. "The Indoor Environmental Quality (IEQ) and comfort in educational buildings." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Padova, 2022. https://hdl.handle.net/11577/3460790.

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Differently from what occurs during laboratories studies, in educational buildings schools’ occupants are exposed at once to acoustical, thermal, visual, and air quality stimuli, and the effect of the indoor environment on students’ perception and performance depends on their combined effects. The present research deals with the assessment of the Indoor Environmental Quality (IEQ) in educational buildings by means of physical measurements (objective evaluation), questionnaire (subjective evaluation) and building model simulation and calibration. The work proposes different original methods for: the design of a standard subjective questionnaire consistent for the four comfort domains, i.e. IAQ, thermal, acoustic and visual environment (i); data collection, namely the monitoring of the main physical parameters related to the four comfort domains (ii) and the administration of the questionnaire (iii); data validation and analysis, namely the validation of the questionnaire (iv) and the correlation method between objective and subjective data (v); optimization-based calibration, using a multi-level multi-step approach. As highlighted in Chapter 1, students use to stay more than 30% of their daytime in classrooms, thus the importance of assessing and enhancing the indoor conditions of school buildings. The indoor conditions can be evaluated either through measurements of physical quantities related to the main IEQ domains or by means of questionnaires’ administration. Chapter 2 presents an overview of the state of the art of the assessment of the IEQ by means of questionnaires and measurements. Chapter 3 reports the innovative methodology developed during my doctoral program. In the first part, the method for evaluating the indoor conditions of school buildings through objective and subjective evaluation, namely respectively in-field measurements and questionnaires, is presented. The second part includes the optimization-based procedure to calibrate the energy model of educational buildings, which explores the optimization-based procedure to calibrate the energy model of an educational building from short-term monitoring of a portion of a building in selected periods. Chapter 4 presents the case studies considered for the application of the methodologies. The results reported in Chapter 5 are divided into three sections: the questionnaire validation (i), the correlation between objective and subjective data ´(ii) and the multi-level multi-step optimization-based calibration (iii). The results coming from the questionnaire validation are divided into three subsections according to the three selected KPIs, i.e. effectiveness, efficiency and resolution. The outcomes of the correlation between the subjective survey and the objective data are split based on the different type of analysis, namely the single-domain that consists in analyzing the correlation between measured environmental conditions and the subjective response within the same comfort domain, and the multi-domain that aims to explore the combine effects of different comfort domains. The last paragraph presents the results of the multi-level multi-step optimization-based calibration method applied to two monitoring periods, i.e. unoccupied building with system off and occupied building with system off. The outcomes include the results of the calibration and the validation of the building model in different periods with the same characteristics of the reference periods. The last chapter reports the main conclusions of the work and future developments of the research. The collected dataset and the developed strict methods should be considered as part of one complex and replicable approach which can serve as a basic conceptual framework for future studies focusing on the assessment the IEQ of educational buildings and other complex buildings can be used for further investigation on the assessment of IEQ and comfort in educational buildings.
Diversamente da quanto accade negli studi di laboratorio, negli edifici scolastici gli occupanti sono esposti contemporaneamente a stimoli acustici, termici, visivi e di qualità dell'aria e l'effetto dell'ambiente interno sulla percezione e sulle prestazioni degli studenti dipende dai loro effetti combinati. La presente ricerca si occupa della valutazione della qualità ambientale interna (IEQ) negli edifici scolastici mediante misurazioni fisiche (valutazione oggettiva), somministrazione di questionari (valutazione soggettiva) e simulazione e calibrazione di modelli energetici. Il lavoro propone diversi metodi originali per: la progettazione di un questionario soggettivo standard coerente per i quattro domini di comfort, ovvero IAQ, ambiente termico, acustico e visivo (i); raccolta dati (ii) e la somministrazione del questionario (iii); validazione e analisi dei dati, ovvero la validazione del questionario (iv) e il metodo di correlazione tra dati oggettivi e soggettivi (v); calibrazione basata sull'ottimizzazione, utilizzando un approccio multi-level multi-step. Come evidenziato nel Capitolo 1, gli studenti trascorrono più del 30% della loro giornata in classe, da qui l'importanza di valutare e migliorare le condizioni interne degli edifici scolastici. Le condizioni indoor possono essere valutate sia attraverso misure di grandezze fisiche relative ai principali domini sia tramite la somministrazione di questionari. Il capitolo 2 presenta una panoramica dello stato dell'arte della valutazione dell'IEQ mediante questionari e misurazioni. Il capitolo 3 riporta la metodologia innovativa sviluppata durante il mio programma di dottorato. Nella prima parte viene presentato il metodo per valutare le condizioni interne degli edifici scolastici attraverso valutazioni oggettive e soggettive, ovvero rispettivamente misurazioni in campo e questionari. La seconda parte include la procedura basata sull'ottimizzazione per calibrare il modello energetico degli edifici didattici, che esplora la procedura basata sull'ottimizzazione per calibrare il modello energetico di un edificio scolastico dal monitoraggio a breve termine di una porzione di un edificio in periodi selezionati. Il capitolo 4 presenta i casi di studio considerati per l'applicazione delle metodologie. I risultati riportati nel Capitolo 5 sono divisi in tre sezioni: la validazione del questionario (i), la correlazione tra dati oggettivi e soggettivi ´ (ii) e la calibrazione basata sull'ottimizzazione multi-level multi-step (iii). I risultati provenienti dalla validazione del questionario sono suddivisi in tre sottosezioni in base ai tre KPI selezionati, ovvero efficacia, efficienza e risoluzione. Gli esiti della correlazione tra l'indagine soggettiva e i dati oggettivi sono suddivisi in base al diverso tipo di analisi, ovvero single-domain che consiste nell'analizzare la correlazione tra le condizioni ambientali misurate e la risposta soggettiva all'interno dello stesso dominio di comfort, e multi-domain che mira a esplorare gli effetti combinati di diversi domini di comfort. L'ultimo paragrafo presenta i risultati del metodo di calibrazione basato sull'ottimizzazione multilivello multifase applicato a due periodi di monitoraggio, ovvero edificio non occupato con sistema spento e edificio occupato con sistema spento. L'ultimo capitolo riporta le principali conclusioni del lavoro e gli sviluppi futuri della ricerca. Il set di dati raccolto e i metodi rigorosi sviluppati dovrebbero essere considerati come parte di un approccio complesso e replicabile che può fungere da quadro concettuale di base per studi futuri incentrati sulla valutazione dell'IEQ degli edifici scolastici e di altri edifici complessi può essere utilizzato per ulteriori indagini su la valutazione dell'IEQ e del comfort negli edifici scolastici.
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Kim, Jungsoo. "Impact of indoor environmental quality (IEQ) factors on occupant evaluation of workspaces." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/13341.

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This study aims to better understand the relationship between perceived building performance on specific Indoor Environmental Quality (IEQ) factors and occupants’ overall evaluation of their workspace environment. A three-factor satisfaction model, developed originally in the context of marketing, has been adapted to and found suitable for the IEQ domain. Analyses were conducted on the Post-Occupancy Evaluation (POE) database from Center for Built Environment (CBE) at the University of California, Berkeley to estimate the relative significance of individual IEQ factors on occupants’ overall workspace evaluation, depending on whether or not the occupants were satisfied with the IEQ factor in question. The empirical analysis suggested that a certain amount of input (i.e. increments or decrements of occupant satisfaction with individual IEQ factor) doesn’t necessarily lead to a commensurate desirable output (i.e. overall workspace satisfaction). According to each IEQ factor’s functional relationship with overall satisfaction, fifteen IEQ factors addressed in the CBE questionnaire were classified into three groups: (1) Basic Factors – having predominantly negative effects, (2) Bonus Factors – having predominantly positive effects, and (3) Proportional Factors – having both positive and negative effects with similar magnitudes. In general the IEQ factors tended to show negative asymmetry, becoming more critical when the building was deemed to be underperforming on them. This study also explored the influence of gender, building ventilation system type, and office layout configuration, on occupant IEQ satisfaction. (1) Female gender was significantly associated with increased dissatisfaction with all of the IEQ factors analysed in this thesis, but particularly with temperature, indoor air quality and workspace cleanliness. (2) Occupants of buildings with different ventilation systems responded in different ways to various IEQ dimensions. In naturally-ventilated buildings, good thermal conditions were associated with significantly enhanced workspace satisfaction and barely discernible adverse impacts. In air-conditioned buildings, on the other hand, thermal conditions were more directly associated with overall dissatisfaction with workspace environment. Occupants provided with higher degrees of adaptive opportunities were more satisfied with the IEQ of their workplaces. (3) Enclosed private offices clearly outperformed open-plan layouts iii in most aspects of IEQ, but particularly in acoustics, privacy and proxemics issues. Noise distraction and lack of privacy were identified as the major sources of workplace dissatisfaction in open-plan offices. The predicted decrements in overall workspace satisfaction due to privacy and acoustic issues in open-plan layouts were bigger than the predicted increment due to ease of communication between colleagues. Further analyses performed on an Australian POE database collected through Building Occupant Survey System Australia (BOSSA) project highlighted the benefits of external view through a window, positively affecting occupant satisfaction with workplace IEQ.
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Peretti, Clara. "Analisi della qualità degli ambienti interni." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Padova, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11577/3423623.

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The aim of this work is to analyze the indoor environmental quality in buildings. There are several objectives: to study the parameters that define the indoor environmental quality, to study the methods of investigation in relation to the targets of the analysis and to analyze the influence of the occupants in the management of indoor parameters. In the first part of this work parameters that characterize the indoor environment are described; these are thermal comfort, air quality, lighting and acoustic. For each of them it will be analyzed the regulations and guidelines in force. The regulation UNI EN 15251 is described, because it is the primary reference for the definition of the indoor environmental quality. In addition, the standard is currently under review, bringing changes that are integrated with the topics discussed in this paper. In the second chapter the certification of building both energy and indoor is described. Three voluntary certification are presented, with a focus on the CasaClima certification, that has been used in a research on the analysis of air quality in hotels and, by the means of assessment questionnaires, in a global analysis for the re-certification of buildings. In the third part of this work measurement techniques are described, such as instrumentation monitoring and subjective measures carried out with questionnaires. Instruments described have been used in the analysis of the three case studies presented in chapter 4. In order to analyze thermal comfort, acoustic, lighting, management and heal of occupants and their mutual connections in residential buildings an apartment located in Padova has been analyzed. In it indoor air quality and ventilation problems were reported. The other two case study are non-residential buildings. Topics of indoor air quality, ventilation, energy efficiency and layout of school building and an office building have been analyzed. The school building, the School Stroppari located in Tezze sul Brenta, presents an innovative ventilation system with an earth to air heat exchanger. The office building is a public structure composed of 11 floors in which is installed an all in air system that provides heating, cooling and ventilation. In the final part there the most important aspects of the application of the analysis to the three case studies are summarized, in order to outline practical guidelines for the investigation on the overall indoor environmental quality.
Il presente lavoro approfondisce e analizza la qualità globale degli ambienti interni negli edifici. Diversi sono gli obiettivi: studiare i parametri che definiscono la qualità di un ambiente interno, studiare le metodologie di indagine in funzione degli obiettivi delle analisi e infine analizzare l’influenza degli occupanti nella gestione dei parametri indoor. Nella prima parte del lavoro sono stati approfonditi i parametri che caratterizzano gli ambienti interni: il comfort termo-igrometrico, la qualità dell’aria, la qualità illuminotecnica ed acustica. Per ognuno di essi sono state analizzate le normative e le linee guida vigenti. È stata approfondita la normativa UNI EN 15251, quale primario riferimento per la definizione della qualità degli ambienti interni. Inoltre la norma è attualmente in revisione, riportando modifiche che si integrano con i temi discussi nel presente lavoro. Nel secondo capitolo viene trattata la certificazione della qualità, a partire dalla certificazione energetica per poi descrivere quella dell’ambiente interno. Sono descritte tre certificazioni volontarie, con un particolare focus sulla certificazione CasaClima, oggetto di una collaborazione sull’analisi della qualità dell’aria nelle strutture alberghiere e sull’analisi globale tramite questionari per la ricertificazione degli edifici. Nella terza parte del lavoro vengono approfondite le tecniche di misura, quali monitoraggi tramite strumentazione e indagini soggettive mediante questionari. Le strumentazioni descritte sono state utilizzate nelle analisi dei tre casi studio, riportati nel capitolo 4. Per analizzare le tematiche del comfort termico, acustico, illuminotecnico, della gestione e salubrità (salute e benessere degli occupanti) e le loro reciproche connessioni negli edifici residenziali è stato scelto un edificio situato a Padova nel quartiere Forcellini. È stato selezionato un appartamento nel quale erano presenti evidenti problemi di qualità dell’aria e di ventilazione. Successivamente è stata analizzata la qualità degli ambienti interni in edifici non residenziali. In particolare sono state approfondite i temi della qualità dell’aria, ventilazione, salubrità, efficienza energetica e impiantistica in un edificio scolastico e in un edificio per uffici. L’edificio scolastico analizzato, la Scuola Stroppari situata a Tezze sul Brenta, presenta un innovativo sistema di ventilazione con uno scambiatore aria-terreno. L’edificio per uffici è una struttura pubblica composta da 11 piani nella quale è presente un sistema a tutt’aria per il riscaldamento, il raffrescamento e la ventilazione.
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Riffelli, Stefano. "Sustainable comfort in indoor environments: global comfort indices and virtual sensors." Doctoral thesis, Urbino, 2022. http://hdl.handle.net/11576/2700929.

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Alzahrani, Hamdan M. "Developing a model for assessing the effect of physical indoor environment quality on teachers' performance in Saudi education buildings." Thesis, University of Wolverhampton, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/2436/621725.

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The nature and quality of the built learning environment affect occupants' comfort, wellbeing and performance. Within the broad range of studies of the physical indoor environment reported in the literature, there are several which have focused on the effects of these environmental conditions on the comfort and physical health of students and teachers, while the main consideration in others is the organizational health of the school. The parameters, which are measured often concern the state and condition of the physical environment. Categories of building features, which appear to influence comfort, health and wellbeing, include thermal sensation, acoustics, lighting, air quality, classroom equipment, learning resources and other aspects of the teachers' workspace. Those components of the physical of indoor environment, which are considered to most strongly affect occupants' comfort, wellbeing and performance, are subject to sets of standards. The aim of this study is to elucidate the association between the indoor environmental quality (IEQ) of educational buildings and teachers' performance. Following a comprehensive review of the literature on the effects of IEQ on teachers' comfort, wellbeing and performance, a case study was conducted in which physical measurements were made of a range of indoor environmental variables in the classrooms of a technical college in Saudi Arabia, during lessons. At the same time, the teachers of those classes were asked to complete a questionnaire designed to investigate the quality of the indoor environment and explore teacher performance. An artificial neural network was then used to create an assessment model in order to test the hypothesis that the quality of the indoor physical environment in educational buildings is related to teacher performance and to predict future data. This research makes both academic and practical contributions to the study of the relationship between IEQ and teachers' performance. The findings of this research will be used as a primary knowledge resource for future researches and to identify initial IEQ parameters and tools for further in-depth studies. In practical terms, it offers standards to help designers to consider the importance of IEQ and its impact on building users.
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GIOSUE', CHIARA. "Innovative multifunctional materials with low environmental impact for energy saving, comfort and health of indoor environment." Doctoral thesis, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11566/245557.

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L’esigenza di un’elevata efficienza energetica degli edifici porta ad avere strutture isolate con limitati ricambi d’aria. Di conseguenza ci può essere un peggioramento della qualità dell’aria interna con aumento delle concentrazioni degli inquinanti aereo-dispersi e conseguenti ambienti confinati caratterizzati da una scarsa qualità dell’aria. Si spende molto tempo in ambienti confinati come uffici, residenze, scuole e altre strutture pubbliche che devono necessariamente avere un microclima sano e confortevole. Ristagni di umidità e concentrazioni elevate di inquinanti aereodispersi possono avere severe e gravi conseguenze sullo stato di salute degli occupanti degli edifici come la ben nota Sindrome da Edificio Malato (Sick Building Syndrom, SBS). Da qui nasce l’esigenza di sviluppare tecnologie che passivamente riescano a migliorate la qualità dell’aria indoor senza andare a inficiare sul conteggio energetico dell’edificio stesso. Lo scopo della ricerca è quello di sviluppare malte e/o finiture multifunzionali innovative che, senza ulteriori dispendi energetici, riescano a garantire un elevato comfort e la salubrità degli ambienti indoor. L’obiettivo sarà raggiunto impiegando nelle miscele preparate con diversi leganti (cemento, cemento fotocatalitico, calce idraulica naturale con e senza agente fotocatalitico) aggregati/filler non convenzionali con elevate capacità adsorbenti anche tramite l’utilizzo di sottoprodotti industriali. Le finiture multifunzionali potranno così adsorbire gli inquinanti aereodispersi in un reattore a micro-nano scala dove verranno rimossi, mantenendo nel tempo un’elevata efficienza. Dai risultati ottenuti si è dimostrato come le malte innovative multifunzionali, oltre a soddisfare i requisiti ordinari, sono in grado di migliorare passivamente la qualità dell’aria di ambienti confinati. In particolare le finiture garantiscono elevata traspirabilità, sono buoni tamponi igroscopici e hanno un’elevata capacità disinquinante.
Recent European laws and directives are stricter in terms of energy efficiency of buildings. Constructions are currently built up more sealed and air changing is not enough. This condition leads to a greater risk of unhealthy indoor environments. Due to the changing in lifestyle, people are nowadays spending indoor mostly of their time, so, indoor air quality (IAQ) is becoming a critical issue. Mortars, plasters and finishes can have an active role to improve IAQ. This study focused on innovative and multifunctional mortars to be used as finishes, able to improve IAQ, without wasting energy. The action of different binders (cement, photocatalytic cement, natural hydraulic lime with and without photocatalytic agents) was studied as well as the effects of adsorbent materials used as unconventional aggregates/fillers. The effect of using biomass waste materials was also investigated, to the aims of sustainability. In particular, multifunctional finishes can adsorb airborne pollutants in micro-nano-scale where they will be removed ensuring enough efficiency during time. The results show that the innovative multifunctional mortars for finishes, besides fulfilling the ordinary requirements, are able to improve passively IAQ, for the health and comfort of occupants, in terms of permeability, moisture buffering ability and depolluting activity.
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Tebbe, Hope M. "Evaluation of Indoor Air Quality in Four Nursing Home Facilities in Northwest Ohio." University of Toledo / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=toledo1493411129998087.

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Bonde, Magnus. "Green Buildings : Exploring performance and thresholds." Doctoral thesis, KTH, Bygg- och fastighetsekonomi, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-184874.

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The overall aim of this research project is to study green/energy-efficient real estate from an economic perspective. The thesis summarizes the results from five different studies with a connection to green/energy-efficient real estate.The aim of the first paper (paper A) is to study how tenants perceive the indoor environment in green-rated premises, and to compare these results with tenants’ perception of a conventional building’s indoor environment. The main result is that the tenants in the green-rated building are more satisfied with the indoor environment than the tenants in the conventional building.Papers B and C assess whether energy efficiency has an impact on buildings’ income and market values using Swedish real-estate data. The key result is that although there is a small impact on building-related income, this does not seem to translate into a higher market value.The last two papers included in this thesis study hindrances to a more energy-efficient building sector. In paper D, two office buildings are used as baseline cases to provide insights into the difficulties that can arise when trying to upgrade a building to make it more energy efficient. The results indicate that changing existing leases is a prohibitive process and that it is often difficult to evaluate the final impact of an energy upgrade. The last paper focuses on why it may be rational to postpone green refurbishments even if they are profitable. The main result is that it may be rational to postpone such refurbishments. However, by introducing different financial penalties and/or subsidies, these investments could be triggered today.To sum up, the results indicate that green buildings are preferred by tenants, but that there still appear to be economic barriers to a greener building sector.
Det övergripande syftet med denna avhandling är att studera grön/energieffektiva byggnader ur ett ekonomiskt perspektiv. Avhandlingen består av en kappa och fem separata studier, vilka belyser tre olika forskningsfrågor. Syftet med den första studien är att studera hur hyresgäster upplever inomhusmiljön i gröna byggnader. I studien jämförs inomhusmiljön i en grön byggnad med inomhusmiljön i en likvärdig konventionell byggnad. Resultatet visar, på det stora hela, att hyresgästerna är mer nöjda med inomhusmiljön i den gröna byggnaden. De nästföljande studierna, B respektive C, undersöker om byggnadens energiprestanda har någon inverkan på dess hyra respektive marknadsvärde. Resultaten visar på en liten signifikant hyrespåverkan, dock verkar denna inte ha någon effekt på byggnadernas marknadsvärdebedömningar. Skälet till detta kan vara att hyrespremien anses för liten för att ha någon signifikant inverkan på byggnadens marknadsvärde, alternativt att fastighetsvärderare inte beaktar energiprestanda när en fastighet värderas. De två sista studierna studerar varför vissa, tillsynes lönsamma, energiinvesteringar inte genomförs. Resultaten från studie D visar på svårigheterna med att ingå ett samarbetsavtal (för att eliminera felaktiga incitament) mellan hyresgäst och hyresvärd. Sådana avtal tar lång tid att förhandla fram och det uppkommer ofta svårigheter med att utvärdera de tänkta energiinvesteringarnas ekonomiska utfall. Studie E utgår ifrån en realoptionsmodell, vilken används för att utvärdera när ”gröna” renoveringar bör genomföras i en befintlig byggnad. Studien visar att det kan vara rationellt att vänta trots att investeringen idag är lönsam. Vidare visar resultaten att det är möjligt att via byggsubventioner/finansiella ”straff” påverka aktörer att tidigarelägga energieffektiviseringsåtgärder.  Dock är det viktigt att dessa utformas korrekt så att det inte skapar några snedvridna incitament. Övergripande visar resultaten att gröna byggnader är att föredra ur ett brukarperspektiv men att det fortfarande finns ekonomiska hinder för en mer hållbar byggsektor. Nyckelord: gröna byggnader, energieffektiva byggnader, EPC, inomhusmiljö, Realoptioner, fastighetsekonomi.

QC 20160407

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Monti, Francesca. "Lighting of University lecture halls:a Design Proposal for Palazzo Malvezzi - Campeggi." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2020. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/21143/.

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Many university lecture halls in Bologna are based inside historic buildings and noble palaces, not designed for students as they are built for a different purpose. The daylight contribution in the rooms is usually not sufficient to satisfy the requirements for school premises; moreover, artificial lighting mainly consists in lamps with high consumption and low performances. Under these conditions the student's visual comfort is not optimal. The following work is based on the open site analysis about the state of art of some university classrooms and their led re-design. The case studies are the lecture halls of Palazzo Malvezzi-Campeggi in Bologna, including the two noble halls on the main floor and the Aula Magna. It has been possible to interact with the acoustic component, not treated here, developing an integrated project able to meet the needs of both parties. The classrooms were qualified through simulations with lighting design software, in accordance with EN 12464, analyzing the daylight factor and the visual comfort parameters.
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Kashanifar, Mehrad. "Sustainable Development of Buildings (Green Buildings )." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2020.

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Books on the topic "Indoor Environmental Quality (IEQ)"

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IEA Workshop on Air Quality, Desiccant, and Evaporative Cooling Systems. (1991 Orlando, Fla.). Final report on IEA Workshop on Air Quality, Desiccant, and Evaporative Cooling Systems, Orlando, January 14-16, 1991. Edited by Andersson Johnny V, International Energy Agency, International Energy Agency. Working Party on End-Use Technologies., and Statens råd för byggnadsforskning (Sweden). Stockholm, Sweden: Swedish Council for Building Research, 1992.

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1935-, Andersson Johnny, IEA/EUWP Working Party on End-Use Technologies., International Energy Agency, and Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development., eds. Final report on IEA Workshop on Air Quality, Heating and Cooling of Buildings, Gothenburg, Sweden, September 12-14, 1988. 2nd ed. Stockholm, Sweden: IEA/EUWP Working Party on End-Use Technologies [and] Swedish Council for Building Research, 1989.

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Indoor environmental quality. Boca Raton, Fla: Lewis Publishers, 2001.

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Sharma, Arun, Radha Goyal, and Richie Mittal, eds. Indoor Environmental Quality. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-1334-3.

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Sheet Metal and Air Conditioning Contractors' National Association., ed. Indoor air quality. Vienna, VA: Sheet Metal and Air Conditioning Contractors National Association, 1988.

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Sheet Metal and Air Conditioning Contractors' National Association (U.S.), ed. Indoor air quality. 2nd ed. Chantilly, VA: Sheet Metal and Air Conditioning Contractors National Association, 1993.

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1928-, Hansen Shirley J., ed. Managing indoor air quality. 5th ed. Lilburn, GA: Fairmont Press, 2011.

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Managing indoor air quality. Lilburn, GA: Fairmont Press, 1991.

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Hansen, Shirley J. Managing indoor air quality. 2nd ed. Lilburn, GA: Fairmont Press, 1999.

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Corgnati, Stefano Paolo, Manuel C. Gameiro da Silva, and Roberta Ansaldi. Indoor climate quality assessment. Edited by Federation of European Heating and Airconditioning Associations. Brussels, Belgium: REHVA, Federation of European Heating, Ventilation and Air-conditioning Associations, 2011.

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Book chapters on the topic "Indoor Environmental Quality (IEQ)"

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Bayer, Charlene W. "Indoor Environmental Quality indoor environmental quality (IEQ) and Health Improvement, Evidence-Based Design for." In Encyclopedia of Sustainability Science and Technology, 5332–47. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-0851-3_604.

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Bayer, Charlene W. "Indoor Environmental Quality indoor environmental quality (IEQ) and Health Improvement, Evidence-Based Design for." In Sustainable Built Environments, 307–22. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-5828-9_604.

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Haselsteiner, Edeltraud. "Gender Matters! Thermal Comfort and Individual Perception of Indoor Environmental Quality: A Literature Review." In Future City, 169–200. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-71819-0_9.

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AbstractThe use of technology in construction has allowed a significant increase in comfort and the construction of energy-efficient buildings. However, for indoor environmental comfort, there is no universal standard that fits all. The indoor climate is perceived individually and the requirements are subjectively shaped. In this paper, a literature review is carried out to describe particular aspects relevant to gender. The aim is to raise awareness of these aspects in order to advance equality orientation as an integral part of planning and energy-efficient building concepts. The findings show that thermal comfort is an essential parameter, and up to 3 °C of differences between women and men were found. This difference is most evident in offices where women show a better cognitive performance in a warmer environment, while men do better in colder temperatures. Gender was also found to be an influencing factor of satisfaction with humidity, acoustic conditions, visual comfort, privacy, air quality, health aspects, light preferences, and brightness perception. Moreover, sick-building syndrome is more common among women. In conclusion, the literature confirms that essential indoor environmental quality (IEQ) parameters vary significantly across men and women and should be taken more into account in the practice of building technology.
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Norbäck, Dan. "Future Directions of Research on Indoor Environment, Indoor Air Quality (IAQ), and Health." In Current Topics in Environmental Health and Preventive Medicine, 321–33. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-32-9182-9_17.

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Tharim, Asniza Hamimi Abdul, Muna Hanim Abdul Samad, and Mazran Ismail. "Relationship Between Indoor Environmental Quality (IEQ) and Occupant’s Satisfaction in Malaysian Rated Office Building: A Pilot Study." In Regional Conference on Science, Technology and Social Sciences (RCSTSS 2016), 15–25. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-0074-5_2.

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Tharim, Asniza Hamimi Abdul, Muna Hanim Abdul Samad, and Mazran Ismail. "A Review on Indoor Environmental Quality (IEQ) Attributes for Malaysian Post occupancy Evaluation (POE) in Green Office Building." In Regional Conference on Science, Technology and Social Sciences (RCSTSS 2016), 3–13. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-0074-5_1.

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Yoseph, Walaa El-Sayed. "Parametric Assessment for Achieving Indoor Environmental Quality (IEQ) in Egypt’s New Urban Communities: Considering New Borg El-Arab City Urban Morphology and Openings’ Specifications." In Urban and Transit Planning, 87–100. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-17308-1_9.

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Almeida, Ricardo M. S. F., Vasco Peixoto de Freitas, and João M. P. Q. Delgado. "Indoor Environmental Quality." In School Buildings Rehabilitation, 5–17. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-15359-9_2.

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Petty, Stephen E. "Indoor Environmental Quality." In Forensic Engineering, 391–410. 2nd ed. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003189305-11.

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Beard, James M., and Ruth Ann Murphy. "Indoor Air Quality." In Environmental Chemistry in Society, 239–57. 3rd ed. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780429316548-11.

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Conference papers on the topic "Indoor Environmental Quality (IEQ)"

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Ziegler, E., and R. Sahay. "25. Indoor Environmental Quality (IEQ): A 10-Year Case Study for Industry IEQ Guidelines." In AIHce 2005. AIHA, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.3320/1.2758611.

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Rus, Tania, Dorin Beu, and Calin Ciugudeanu. "THE IMPACT OF THE INDOOR ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY ON STUDENTS’ PERFORMANCE." In GEOLINKS Conference Proceedings. Saima Consult Ltd, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.32008/geolinks2021/b1/v3/05.

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"The indoor environment quality is a key factor in people's lives, which directly affects their comfort, performance, health and well-being. The main factors that contribute to the indoor environmental quality are thermal comfort, air and lighting quality and acoustics. This study aims to extend the current knowledge on the impact of IEQ on students’ performance. Field measurements on environmental factors were performed in two similar classrooms, with the same number of students engaged in a written examination. Compliance of the indoor environmental parameters with the current standards regulations was performed. Students’ performance was quantified by their exam grades. The results of the field measurements show that, in both classrooms, the acoustics and air quality do not fulfil the standard regulations, especially in the case of carbon dioxide concentration which exceeds a lot the threshold limit of 1000 ppm. The outcomes of the study also reveal that in the classroom where the concentration of carbon dioxide is higher, the students scored lower grades, therefore we can conclude that indoor environmental quality has an impact on students’ performance."
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Havics, A., and B. Wallace. "215. Bacteria in Indoor Environmental Quality (IEQ) Investigations: Are They Relevant?" In AIHce 2001. AIHA, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.3320/1.2765737.

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Samad, Muna Hanim Abdul, Zalena Abdul Aziz, and Mohd Hafizal Mohd Isa. "Indoor environmental quality (IEQ) of school classrooms: Case study in Malaysia." In PROCEEDINGS OF THE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF GLOBAL NETWORK FOR INNOVATIVE TECHNOLOGY AND AWAM INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE IN CIVIL ENGINEERING (IGNITE-AICCE’17): Sustainable Technology And Practice For Infrastructure and Community Resilience. Author(s), 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5005784.

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Battista, Gianmarco, Serena Serroni, Milena Martarelli, Marco Arnesano, and Gian Marco Revel. "Innovative measurements for Indoor Environmental Quality (IEQ) assessment in residential buildings." In 2022 IEEE International Workshop on Metrology for Living Environment (MetroLivEn). IEEE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/metrolivenv54405.2022.9826982.

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Kraus, Michal. "EXPLORING DETERMINING FACTORS OF INDOOR ENVIRONMENT QUALITY (IEQ)." In 18th International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference SGEM2018. STEF92 Technology, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgem2018v/6.4/s10.087.

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Crawford, J., and I. Shapiro. "128. Indoor Environmental Quality (IEQ) Assessment of Government Facilities: A Proactive Study." In AIHce 1999. AIHA, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.3320/1.2762959.

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Tharim, Asniza Hamimi Abdul, Muna Hanim Abdul Samad, and Mazran Ismail. "Fieldwork measurement of indoor environmental quality (IEQ) in Malaysian platinum-rated green office buildings." In THE 2ND INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON APPLIED SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2017 (ICAST’17). Author(s), 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5005343.

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Wyke, Simon, Lasse Rohde, and Rasmus Lund Jensen. "Indoor environmental quality (IEQ) assessment using laser-assisted data acquisition (LADA) of building geometry." In 2021 Building Simulation Conference. KU Leuven, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.26868/25222708.2021.30591.

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Noor, S. N. A. M., H. H. Ding, S. Saharuddin, N. F. M. Yusof, F. R. M. Roshdi, and N. A. Namandadin. "Indoor environment quality (IEQ): Lighting and acoustics factors toward occupants satisfaction." In PROCEEDINGS OF 8TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ADVANCED MATERIALS ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY (ICAMET 2020). AIP Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0051620.

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Reports on the topic "Indoor Environmental Quality (IEQ)"

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Noris, Federico, Gary Adamkiewicz, William W. Delp, Toshifumi Hotchi, Marion Russell, Brett C. Singer, Michael Spears, Kimberly Vermeer, and William J. Fisk. Indoor Environmental Quality Benefits of Apartment Energy Retrofits. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), June 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1220277.

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Fisk, W. J., G. Brager, H. Burge, J. Cummings, H. Levin, V. Loftness, M. J. Mendell, A. Persily, S. Taylor, and J. S. Zhang. Energy-related indoor environmental quality research: A priority agenda. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), August 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/803861.

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Matthews, T. G., K. W. Fung, B. J. Tromberg, and A. R. Hawthorne. Indoor air quality in the Karns research houses: baseline measurements and impact of indoor environmental parameters on formaldehyde concentrations. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), December 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/12202927.

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Noris, Federico, William W. Delp, Kimberly Vermeer, Gary Adamkiewicz, Brett C. Singer, and William J. Fisk. Protocol for Maximizing Energy Savings and Indoor Environmental Quality Improvements when Retrofiting Apartments. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), June 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1220275.

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Fisk, William J., Federico Norris, and Brett C. Singer. Energy Impacts of Energy and Indoor Environmental Quality Retrofits of Apartments in California. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), November 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1170589.

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Shendell, Derek G., Michael G. Apte, Janice Kim, and Svetlana Smorodinsky. School Indoor Environmental Quality Assessments and Interventions: Benefits of Effective Partnerships in California. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), July 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/836792.

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Apte, Michael G., Woody W. Delp, Richard C. Diamond, Alfred T. Hodgson, Satish Kumar, Leo I. Rainer, Derek G. Shendell, Doug P. Sullivan, and William J. Fisk. Report on HVAC option selections for a relocatable classroom energy and indoor environmental quality field study. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), October 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/791841.

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IPMVP Committee. International Performance Measurement and Verification Protocol: Concepts and Practices for Improved Indoor Environmental Quality, Volume II. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/776181.

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Hugh I. Henderson, Jensen Zhang, James B. Cummings, and Terry Brennan. Mitigating the Impacts of Uncontrolled Air Flow on Indoor Environmental Quality and Energy Demand in Non-Residential Buildings. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), July 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/924486.

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Apte, Michael G., Bourassa Norman, David Faulkner, Alfred T. Hodgson, Toshfumi Hotchi, Michael Spears, Douglas P. Sullivan, and Duo Wang. Improving Ventilation and Saving Energy: Final Report on Indoor Environmental Quality and Energy Monitoring in Sixteen Relocatable Classrooms. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), April 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/927880.

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