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1

Squires, Todd M. "Induced-charge electrokinetics: fundamental challenges and opportunities." Lab on a Chip 9, no. 17 (2009): 2477. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/b906909g.

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2

Bazant, Martin Z. "Electrokinetics meets electrohydrodynamics." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 782 (September 30, 2015): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2015.416.

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Despite studying the same subject – electrically induced flow – the fields of electrokinetics (EK) and electrohydrodynamics (EHD) have developed separately, for different types of fluids and interfaces. In colloids or porous media, EK phenomena derive from the electro-osmotic slip of a liquid electrolyte across the neutral electric double layer on a solid surface. On the other hand, EHD phenomena involve poorly conducting neutral fluids and solids, whose interfaces acquire net charge in response to electric fields. Over the past decade, combined theories of EK and EHD have emerged for fluid/so
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3

Pascall, Andrew J., and Todd M. Squires. "An automated, high-throughput experimental system for induced charge electrokinetics." Lab on a Chip 10, no. 18 (2010): 2350. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c004926c.

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4

Manshadi, Mohammad K. D., Mehdi Mohammadi, Mohammad Zarei, Mahsa Saadat, and Amir Sanati-Nezhad. "Induced-charge electrokinetics in microfluidics: a review on recent advancements." Journal of Micromechanics and Microengineering 30, no. 11 (2020): 113001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1361-6439/abaf34.

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5

Zhao, Cunlu, and Chun Yang. "Continuous-flow trapping and localized enrichment of micro- and nano-particles using induced-charge electrokinetics." Soft Matter 14, no. 6 (2018): 1056–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7sm01744h.

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6

Leinweber, Felix C., and Ulrich Tallarek. "Concentration Polarization-based Nonlinear Electrokinetics in Porous Media: Induced-Charge Electroosmosis." Journal of Physical Chemistry B 109, no. 46 (2005): 21481–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jp055491u.

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7

Ren, Yukun, Weiyu Liu, Zhijie Wang, and Ye Tao. "Induced-charge electrokinetics in rotating electric fields: A linear asymptotic analysis." Physics of Fluids 30, no. 6 (2018): 062006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5030579.

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8

Liu, Weiyu, Yukun Ren, Ye Tao, Hui Yan, Congda Xiao, and Qisheng Wu. "Buoyancy-Free Janus Microcylinders as Mobile Microelectrode Arrays for Continuous Microfluidic Biomolecule Collection within a Wide Frequency Range: A Numerical Simulation Study." Micromachines 11, no. 3 (2020): 289. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi11030289.

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We numerically study herein the AC electrokinetic motion of Janus mobile microelectrode (ME) arrays in electrolyte solution in a wide field frequency, which holds great potential for biomedical applications. A fully coupled physical model, which incorporates the fluid-structure interaction under the synergy of induced-charge electroosmotic (ICEO) slipping and interfacial Maxwell stress, is developed for this purpose. A freely suspended Janus cylinder free from buoyancy, whose main body is made of polystyrene, while half of the particle surface is coated with a thin conducting film of negligibl
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9

Tao, Ye, Weiyu Liu, Yukun Ren, et al. "On Developing Field-Effect-Tunable Nanofluidic Ion Diodes with Bipolar, Induced-Charge Electrokinetics." Micromachines 9, no. 4 (2018): 179. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi9040179.

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10

Leinweber, Felix C., Jan C. T. Eijkel, Johan G. Bomer, and Albert van den Berg. "Continuous Flow Microfluidic Demixing of Electrolytes by Induced Charge Electrokinetics in Structured Electrode Arrays." Analytical Chemistry 78, no. 5 (2006): 1425–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ac051615n.

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11

Bazant, Martin Z., Mustafa Sabri Kilic, Brian D. Storey, and Armand Ajdari. "Towards an understanding of induced-charge electrokinetics at large applied voltages in concentrated solutions." Advances in Colloid and Interface Science 152, no. 1-2 (2009): 48–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cis.2009.10.001.

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12

Manshadi, Mohammad K. D., Hamed Nikookar, Mahsa Saadat, and Reza Kamali. "Numerical analysis of non-uniform electric field effects on induced charge electrokinetics flow with application in micromixers." Journal of Micromechanics and Microengineering 29, no. 3 (2019): 035016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1361-6439/aafdc9.

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13

Zhao, Cunlu, Yongxin Song, and Chun Yang. "Induced-charge electrokinetics in a conducting nanochannel with broken geometric symmetry: Towards a flexible control of ionic transport." Physics of Fluids 27, no. 1 (2015): 012003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4906773.

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14

Ren, Yukun, Rui Xue, Weiyu Liu, Ye Tao, and Fubing Bao. "Liquid metal droplet-enabled electrocapillary flow in biased alternating electric fields: a theoretical analysis from the perspective of induced-charge electrokinetics." Journal of Micromechanics and Microengineering 30, no. 8 (2020): 085007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1361-6439/ab8bc7.

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15

Bazant, Martin Z., and Todd M. Squires. "Induced-charge electrokinetic phenomena." Current Opinion in Colloid & Interface Science 15, no. 3 (2010): 203–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cocis.2010.01.003.

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16

Wu, Zhemin, and Dongqing Li. "Micromixing using induced-charge electrokinetic flow." Electrochimica Acta 53, no. 19 (2008): 5827–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.electacta.2008.03.039.

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17

Daghighi, Yasaman, and Dongqing Li. "RETRACTED ARTICLE: Induced-charge electrokinetic phenomena." Microfluidics and Nanofluidics 9, no. 4-5 (2010): 593–611. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10404-010-0607-2.

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18

Daghighi, Yasaman, and Dongqing Li. "Retraction Note: Induced-charge electrokinetic phenomena." Microfluidics and Nanofluidics 13, no. 4 (2012): 695. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10404-012-1026-3.

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19

Paustian, Joel S., Andrew J. Pascall, Neil M. Wilson, and Todd M. Squires. "Induced charge electroosmosis micropumps using arrays of Janus micropillars." Lab Chip 14, no. 17 (2014): 3300–3312. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4lc00141a.

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20

Harrison, Herbert, Xinyu Lu, Saurin Patel, et al. "Electrokinetic preconcentration of particles and cells in microfluidic reservoirs." Analyst 140, no. 8 (2015): 2869–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5an00105f.

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21

Tan, Jin, Yuanyuan Zhao, Xiya Yang, Jialong Duan, Yudi Wang, and Qunwei Tang. "Photo-induced charge boosting of liquid–solid electrokinetic generators for efficient wave energy harvesting." Journal of Materials Chemistry A 7, no. 10 (2019): 5373–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8ta12037d.

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22

Prabhakaran, Rama Aravind, Yilong Zhou, Cunlu Zhao, et al. "Induced charge effects on electrokinetic entry flow." Physics of Fluids 29, no. 6 (2017): 062001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4984741.

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23

Hill, Reghan J. "Hydrogel charge regulation and electrolyte ion-concentration perturbations in nanoparticle gel electrophoresis." Proceedings of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 471, no. 2184 (2015): 20150523. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspa.2015.0523.

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Gel electrophoresis of spherical nanoparticles (NPs) is studied using an electrokinetic model that couples the ion conservation equations to the Poisson and fluid momentum equations, thus including the so-called polarization and relaxation processes. This model is therefore the charged gel electrophoresis analogue of the well-known O’Brien and White solution of the standard electrokinetic model for free-solution electrophoresis. Results are provided for the small NPs (size around 10 nm) to which gel electrophoresis is relevant, because particles must be small enough to permeate the gel: these
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24

Filek, Maria, Maria Zembala, and Magdalena Szechyńska-Hebda. "The Influence of Phytohormones on Zeta Potential and Electrokinetic Charges of Winter Wheat Cells." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C 57, no. 7-8 (2002): 696–704. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znc-2002-7-825.

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The zeta potential measurements of protoplasts obtained from winter wheat cell culture and phospholipid liposomes were performed to determine the electrokinetic charge in a medium containing various phytohormones (kinetin, 2,4-D and zearalenone) in absence and in presence of 2·10-5ᴍCa2+. Calli were induced from immature inflorescences (inf) and embryos (emb) and cultured to obtain non-embryogenic (NE) and embryogenic (E) cell tissues. All investigated phytohormones indicate ability to adsorb to the negatively charged surfaces (latex, L88 - model negative adsorption site) both in water solution
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25

Flores-Mena, Jose Eladio, Pablo García-Sánchez, and Antonio Ramos. "Dipolophoresis and Travelling-Wave Dipolophoresis of Metal Microparticles." Micromachines 11, no. 3 (2020): 259. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi11030259.

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We study theoretically and numerically the electrokinetic behavior of metal microparticles immersed in aqueous electrolytes. We consider small particles subjected to non-homogeneous ac electric fields and we describe their motion as arising from the combination of electrical forces (dielectrophoresis) and the electroosmotic flows on the particle surface (induced-charge electrophoresis). The net particle motion is known as dipolophoresis. We also study the particle motion induced by travelling electric fields. We find analytical expressions for the dielectrophoresis and induced-charge electroph
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26

MORAN, JEFFREY L., and JONATHAN D. POSNER. "Electrokinetic locomotion due to reaction-induced charge auto-electrophoresis." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 680 (June 13, 2011): 31–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2011.132.

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Mitchell originally proposed that an asymmetric ion flux across an organism's membrane could generate electric fields that drive locomotion. Although this locomotion mechanism was later rejected for some species of bacteria, engineered Janus particles have been realized that can swim due to ion fluxes generated by asymmetric electrochemical reactions. Here we present governing equations, scaling analyses and numerical simulations that describe the motion of bimetallic rod-shaped motors in hydrogen peroxide solutions due to reaction-induced charge auto-electrophoresis. The coupled Poisson–Nerns
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27

Zhang, Kai, Xiao-Jing Mi, and Ming-Zhou Yu. "Design of super-efficient mixer based on induced charge electroosmotic." Thermal Science 16, no. 5 (2012): 1534–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/tsci1205534z.

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The super-efficient sample mixing induced by the induced-charge electrokinetic flow around conducting/Janus cylinder was numerically studied in a confined |U-shaped microchannel with suddenly applied DC weak electric filed. It?s found that there are four large circulations around the conducting cylinder and two smaller circulations around the Janus cylinder. The results show that samples can still be well mixed with high flux due to the induced electroosmosis. It is demonstrated that the local flow circulations provide effective means to enhance the flow mixing between different solutions. The
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28

Daghighi, Yasaman, and Dongqing Li. "Micro-valve using induced-charge electrokinetic motion of Janus particle." Lab on a Chip 11, no. 17 (2011): 2929. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c1lc20229d.

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29

Song, Yongxin, Chengfa Wang, Mengqi Li, Xinxiang Pan, and Dongqing Li. "Focusing particles by induced charge electrokinetic flow in a microchannel." ELECTROPHORESIS 37, no. 4 (2016): 666–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/elps.201500361.

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30

Qiao, R., and N. R. Aluru. "Surface-charge-induced asymmetric electrokinetic transport in confined silicon nanochannels." Applied Physics Letters 86, no. 14 (2005): 143105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1897430.

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31

Daghighi, Yasaman, and Dongqing Li. "Numerical study of a novel induced-charge electrokinetic micro-mixer." Analytica Chimica Acta 763 (February 2013): 28–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aca.2012.12.010.

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32

Liu, Weiyu, Yongjun Sun, Hui Yan, Yukun Ren, Chunlei Song, and Qisheng Wu. "A Simulation Analysis of Nanofluidic Ion Current Rectification Using a Metal-Dielectric Janus Nanopore Driven by Induced-Charge Electrokinetic Phenomena." Micromachines 11, no. 6 (2020): 542. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi11060542.

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We propose herein a unique mechanism of generating tunable surface charges in a metal-dielectric Janus nanopore for the development of nanofluidic ion diode, wherein an uncharged metallic nanochannel is in serial connection with a dielectric nanopore of fixed surface charge. In response to an external electric field supplied by two probes located on both sides of the asymmetric Janus nanopore, the metallic portion of the nanochannel is electrochemically polarized, so that a critical junction is formed between regions with an enriched concentration of positive and negative ions in the bulk elec
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33

Daghighi, Yasaman, Irene Sinn, Raoul Kopelman, and Dongqing Li. "Experimental validation of induced-charge electrokinetic motion of electrically conducting particles." Electrochimica Acta 87 (January 2013): 270–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.electacta.2012.09.021.

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34

Ahmadi, Mohammad Khorsand, Wei Liu, Alex Henzen, and Hans Wyss. "Electro-Optical Full-Color Display Based on Nano-Particle Dispersions." Engineering Proceedings 4, no. 1 (2021): 14. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/micromachines2021-09583.

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Electrokinetic displays are among the most important display technologies because of their low power consumption, wide viewing angle, and outdoor readability. As a result, they are regarded as excellent candidates for electronic paper. These types of displays are based on the controlled movement of charged pigment particles in a non-polar liquid under the influence of an electric field. Free charges practically do not exist in nonpolar colloids due to their low dielectric constant. However, the addition of a surfactant to non-polar colloids often leads to considerable charge-induced effects, s
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35

HOFFMAN, BRENDAN D., and ERIC S. G. SHAQFEH. "The effect of Brownian motion on the stability of sedimenting suspensions of polarizable rods in an electric field." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 624 (April 10, 2009): 361–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022112008005405.

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We examine the collective dynamics of polarizable, Brownian, sedimenting rods of high aspect ratio. Previous work of Koch and Shaqfeh (J. Fluids Mech., vol. 209, 1989 pp. 521–542) has shown that in the absence of Brownian motion, sedimenting suspensions of rods are unstable to concentration fluctuations and form dense streamers via interparticle hydrodynamic interactions. Recently, Saintillan, Shaqfeh & Darve (Phys. Fluids, vol. 18 (121701), 2006b p. 1) demonstrated that electric fields can act to stabilize these non-Brownian suspensions of polarizable rods through induced-charge electroki
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36

ZHOLKOVSKIJ, EMILIJ K., JACOB H. MASLIYAH, and JAN CZARNECKI. "An electrokinetic model of drop deformation in an electric field." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 472 (November 30, 2002): 1–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022112002001441.

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An electrokinetic model is proposed to describe a slight drop deformation which is induced by a weak external electric field. The fluids forming the system are considered Newtonian incompressible dielectric liquids containing free electric charge carriers. According to the model, the charge carriers take part in migration, diffusion and convection transport and there is no solute adsorption at the interface. Thermodynamic quasi-equilibrium at the interface is assumed for the charge carriers in the contacting liquids. The interfacial thermodynamic equilibrium is described using a common distrib
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37

Du, Kai, Weiyu Liu, Yukun Ren, et al. "A High-Throughput Electrokinetic Micromixer via AC Field-Effect Nonlinear Electroosmosis Control in 3D Electrode Configurations." Micromachines 9, no. 9 (2018): 432. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi9090432.

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In this study, we make use of the AC field-effect flow control on induced-charge electroosmosis (ICEO), to develop an electrokinetic micromixer with 3D electrode layouts, greatly enhancing the device performance compared to its 2D counterpart of coplanar metal strips. A biased AC voltage wave applied to the central gate terminal, i.e., AC field-effect control, endows flow field-effect-transistor of ICEO the capability to produce arbitrary symmetry breaking in the transverse electrokinetic vortex flow pattern, which makes it fascinating for microfluidic mixing. Using the Debye-Huckel approximat
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38

Wang, Zhixuan, Wei-Lun Hsu, Shuntaro Tsuchiya, Soumyadeep Paul, Amer Alizadeh, and Hirofumi Daiguji. "Joule Heating Effects on Transport-Induced-Charge Phenomena in an Ultrathin Nanopore." Micromachines 11, no. 12 (2020): 1041. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi11121041.

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Transport-induced-charge (TIC) phenomena, in which the concentration imbalance between cations and anions occurs when more than two chemical potential gradients coexist within an ultrathin dimension, entail numerous nanofluidic systems. Evidence has indicated that the presence of TIC produces a nonlinear response of electroosmotic flow to the applied voltage, resulting in complex fluid behavior. In this study, we theoretically investigate thermal effects due to Joule heating on TIC phenomena in an ultrathin nanopore by computational fluid dynamics simulation. Our modeling results show that the
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39

HAMED, MOHAMMAD ABU, and EHUD YARIV. "Induced-charge electrokinetic flows about polarizable nano-particles: the thick-Debye-layer limit." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 627 (May 25, 2009): 341–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022112009005965.

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Using the standard weak-field approximation, we analyse the steady-state electrokinetic flow about an uncharged ideally polarizable spherical particle for the case of a Debye thickness which is large compared with the particle size. The dimensionless problem is governed by two parameters: β, the applied field magnitude (normalized with the thermal scale), and λ, the Debye thickness (normalized with particle size). The double limit β ≪ 1 and λ ≫ 1 is singular, and the resolution of the flow field requires the use of inner–outer asymptotic expansions in the spirit of Proudman & Pearson (J. F
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40

Taneva, Stefka G., JoséM M. Caaveiro, Ivana B. Petkanchin, and Félix M. Goñi. "Electrokinetic charge of the anesthetic-induced bR480 and bR380 spectral forms of bacteriorhodopsin." Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Biomembranes 1236, no. 2 (1995): 331–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0005-2736(95)00074-d.

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41

Zhang, Fang, Yasaman Daghighi, and Dongqing Li. "Control of flow rate and concentration in microchannel branches by induced-charge electrokinetic flow." Journal of Colloid and Interface Science 364, no. 2 (2011): 588–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcis.2011.08.070.

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42

Feng, Huicheng, Honglong Chang, Xin Zhong, and Teck Neng Wong. "Recent advancement in induced-charge electrokinetic phenomena and their micro- and nano-fluidic applications." Advances in Colloid and Interface Science 280 (June 2020): 102159. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cis.2020.102159.

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43

Daghighi, Yasaman, Yandong Gao, and Dongqing Li. "3D numerical study of induced-charge electrokinetic motion of heterogeneous particle in a microchannel." Electrochimica Acta 56, no. 11 (2011): 4254–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.electacta.2011.01.083.

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44

Nazari, Morteza, Po-Ya Abel Chuang, Javad Abolfazli Esfahani, and Saman Rashidi. "A comprehensive geometrical study on an induced-charge electrokinetic micromixer equipped with electrically conductive plates." International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer 146 (January 2020): 118892. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2019.118892.

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45

Najjaran, Soroush, Saman Rashidi, and Mohammad Sadegh Valipour. "A new design of induced-charge electrokinetic micromixer with corrugated walls and conductive plate installation." International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer 114 (May 2020): 104564. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2020.104564.

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46

Sugioka, Hideyuki. "Rectified motion in an asymmetrically structured channel due to induced-charge electrokinetic and thermo-kinetic phenomena." Physics of Fluids 28, no. 2 (2016): 022004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4941300.

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47

Raad, Mohammad, Seyyed Salar Meshkat, Habib Jalili, and Davoud Abbasinezhad Fallah. "A three-dimensional numerical investigation of an induced-charge electrokinetic micromixer equipped with fully polarizable particle." Engineering Research Express 2, no. 2 (2020): 025001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/2631-8695/ab8317.

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48

Miloh, Touvia, and Jacob Nagler. "Travelling-Wave Dipolophoresis: Levitation and Electrorotation of Janus Nanoparticles." Micromachines 12, no. 2 (2021): 114. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi12020114.

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We present a theoretical study of the hydrodynamic and electrokinetic response of both metallic spherical polarized colloids as well as metallodielectic Janus particles, which are subjected to an arbitrary non-uniform ambient electric field (DC or AC forcing). The analysis is based on employing the linearized ‘standard’ model (Poisson–Nernst–Planck formulation) and on the assumptions of a ‘weak’ field and small Debye scale. In particular, we consider cases of linear and helical time-harmonic travelling-wave excitations and provide explicit expressions for the resulting dielectrophoretic and in
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49

Ge, Zhenyou, Hui Yan, Weiyu Liu, Chunlei Song, Rui Xue, and Yukun Ren. "A Numerical Investigation of Enhancing Microfluidic Heterogeneous Immunoassay on Bipolar Electrodes Driven by Induced-Charge Electroosmosis in Rotating Electric Fields." Micromachines 11, no. 8 (2020): 739. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi11080739.

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A unique approach is proposed to boost on-chip immuno-sensors, for instance, immunoassays, wherein an antibody immobilized on the walls of a microfluidic channel binds specifically to an antigen suspended freely within a working fluid. The performance of these sensors can be limited in both susceptibility and response speed by the slow diffusive mass transfer of the analyte to the binding surface. Under appropriate conditions, the binding reaction of these heterogeneous immuno-assays may be enhanced by electroconvective stirring driven by external AC electric fields to accelerate the translati
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50

Schnitzer, Ory, Itzchak Frankel, and Ehud Yariv. "Electrokinetic flows about conducting drops." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 722 (April 2, 2013): 394–423. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2013.102.

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AbstractWe consider electrokinetic flows about a freely suspended liquid drop, deriving a macroscale description in the thin-double-layer limit where the ratio $\delta $ between Debye width and drop size is asymptotically small. In this description, the electrokinetic transport occurring within the diffuse part of the double layer (the ‘Debye layer’) is represented by effective boundary conditions governing the pertinent fields in the electro-neutral bulk, wherein the generally non-uniform distribution of $\zeta $, the dimensionless zeta potential, is a priori unknown. We focus upon highly con
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