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1
Lembke, Torbjörn A. "Induction bearings." Licentiate thesis, KTH, Electrical Systems, 2003. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-1558.
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<p>A self stabilizing homopolar induction bearing withintegrated touch down bearings has been developed forhigh-speed applications like flywheels, small gas turbines andcompact vacuum cleaners.</p><p>Stability is achieved without any control electronics thanksto stabilizing eddy currents induced by permanent magnets. Eddycurrent losses are reduced to a minimum using a homopolardesign with ring magnets instead of multipole or halbacharrays.</p><p>The bearing currents and forces are simulated using steadystate 3D-FEM analysis, which is enabled thanks to theimplemented Minkowskij transform. From these results ananalytical model has been developed, and the results arecompared.</p><p>Efforts are made to develop a qualitative understanding ofthe bearing physics. Results are converted into usefulrotordynamic data that is easily understood by machineengineers.</p><p>Finally some experiences from the first experimental testruns at 90.000 RPM are discussed.</p><p><b>Keywords:</b>Magnetic bearing, eddy current, inductionbearing, eddy current bearing, high speed, homopolar, gasturbine, flywheel</p>
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Kane, J. P. "Lightness induction." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.432597.
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Wedin, Hanna. "Mathematical Induction." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Algebra och geometri, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-414099.
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KUSAKARI, Keiichirou, Masahiko SAKAI, and Toshiki SAKABE. "Primitive Inductive Theorems Bridge Implicit Induction Methods and Inductive Theorems in Higher-Order Rewriting." IEICE, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/9580.
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Stahl, Frederic Theodor. "Parallel rule induction." Thesis, University of Portsmouth, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.508872.
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Classification rule induction on large datasets is a major challenge in the field of data mining in a world where massive amounts of data are recorded on a large scale. There are two main approaches to classification rule induction; the 'divide and conquer' approach and the 'separate and conquer' approach. Even though both approaches deliver a comparable classification accuracy, they differ when it comes to rule representation and quality of rules in certain circumstances. There is the intuitive representation of classification rules in the form of a tree when using the 'divide and conquer' approach which is easy to assimilate by humans. However, modular rules induced by the 'separate and conquer' approach generally perform better in environments where the training data of the classifier is noisy or contains clashes. The term 'modular rules' is used to mean any set of rules describing some domain of interest. They will generally not fit together naturally in a decision tree. Both approaches are challenged by increasingly large volumes of data. There have been several attempts to scale up the 'divide and conquer' approach, however there is very little work on scaling up the 'separate and conquer' approach. One general approach is to use supercomputers with faster hardware to process these huge amounts of data, yet modest-sized organisations may not be able to afford such hardware. However most organisations have local computer workstations that they use for many applications such as word processing or spreadsheets. These computer workstations are usually connected in a local network and mainly used during normal working hours and are usually idle overnight and at weekends. During these idle times these computer workstations connected in a network could be used for data mining applications on large datasets. This research focuses on a cheap solution for modest sized organisations that cannot afford fast supercomputers. For this reason this work aims to utilise the computational power and memory of a network of workstations. In this research a novel framework for scaling up modular classification rule induction is presented, based on a distributed blackboard architecture. The framework is called PMCRI (Parallel Modular Classification Rule Inducer). It provides an underlying communication infrastructure for parallelising a whole family of modular classification rule induction algorithms: the Prism family. Experimental results obtained show a good scale up behaviour on various datasets and thus confirm the success of PMCRI.
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Smith, Alan Arthur. "Remote asymmetric induction." Thesis, University of Kent, 1990. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.280317.
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GonzaÌlez, RodriÌguez IneÌs. "Automated prototype induction." Thesis, University of Bristol, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.251139.
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Snow, Rion Langley. "Semantic taxonomy induction /." May be available electronically:, 2009. http://proquest.umi.com/login?COPT=REJTPTU1MTUmSU5UPTAmVkVSPTI=&clientId=12498.
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Hill, Alexandra. "Reasoning by analogy in inductive logic." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2013. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/reasoning-by-analogy-in-inductive-logic(039622d8-ab3f-418f-b46c-4d4e7a9eb6c1).html.
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This thesis investigates ways of incorporating reasoning by analogy into Pure (Unary) Inductive Logic. We start with an analysis of similarity as distance, noting that this is the conception that has received most attention in the literature so far. Chapter 4 looks in some detail at the consequences of adopting Hamming Distance as our measure of similarity, which proves to be a strong requirement. Chapter 5 then examines various adaptations of Hamming Distance and proposes a subtle modification, further-away-ness, that generates a much larger class of solutions.
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Callegary, James Briggs. "Spatial sensitivity of low-induction-number frequency-domain electromagnetic-induction instruments." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/282901.
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Numerical simulations were used to study spatial averaging in low-induction-number frequency-domain electromagnetic induction (LIN FEM) instruments. Local ( LS) and cumulative (CS) sensitivity were used to analyze three different aspects of LIN FEM spatial sensitivity. LS is the variation in a measured property given a small change at a given location of the property of interest. CS contours are derived from LS and reveal the shape and the fraction of total instrument sensitivity enclosed within the contours. The first study re-evaluated the asymptotic approach to LIN FEM spatial sensitivity. Using this approach, LIN FEM measurements have often been assumed to represent electrical conductivity (sigma) at discreet depths that do not vary with the sigma of the ground. This assumption was tested using simulations of electromagnetic fields in environments with homogeneous and layered sigma distributions. When the induction number was greater than 0.01, the 1-D vertical CS distribution and the depth of investigation varied up to 20% over the range of sigma simulated. As sigma increased, CS contours and depth of investigation decreased in depth. In the second study a small perturbation approach was used to calculate CS distributions so that each distribution is unique to a given LS distribution. CS was summed from regions of high to low LS, and retained information on the magnitude and location of LS. As sigma increased, CS became focused around the highest LS values. The maximum reduction in depth of investigation was about 40% at the highest sigma investigated. In the final study, a series of small, electrically conductive perturbations was simulated in a three-dimensional, homogeneous environment. Three-dimensional LS varied markedly with a large difference between horizontal (HMD) and vertical (VMD) orientations of the transmitter and receiver dipoles. In some regions, the calculated magnetic field intensity with the perturbation was less than that calculated for the host without the perturbation. This occurred for both VMD and HMD orientations of the transmitter. CS contours were highly complex. One dimensional, vertical LS curves extracted from the three-dimensional data were very different from curves from infinite layer simulations.
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Bell, Peter Alan. "An induction machine model for optimisation of self-excited induction generator windings." Thesis, Nottingham Trent University, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.309819.
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Abu-Adma, Maged Ahmed. "Isolated induction generator, induction motor scheme for borehole pump and other application." Thesis, Imperial College London, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/47325.
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Selim, Mohammed Refat Moustafa. "Studies on asymmetric induction." Thesis, University of Leicester, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/2381/33892.
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As a part of our studies on asymmetric induction, four topics were investigated in this thesis. Firstly, optically active menthyl and neo-menthyl phos-phonoacetates were prepared and the reaction of their anions with aldehydes and ketones studied, modest asymmetric induction was observed. A chiral phosphonamide anion was also synthesised which shows good selectivity on reaction with ethyl bromide. Secondly, the reactions of aldehydes and ketones with chiral organolithium compounds were investigated. The best results were obtained with a chiral lithiated dithiane, when a ratio of (1:1.9) was obtained in a 1,5-asymmetric induction. Thirdly, the chiral and achiral-2-substituted-l,3- butadienes were synthesised using silicon as a control element. During this work, it was observed that addition of TMSCH2 MgCl with chiral aldehydes produced one diastereo-isomer. For a practical reason it was not possible to determine which one, although a prediction was made based on Cram's rule. The asymmetric Diels-Alder reactions of chiral- 2-substituted dienes were also investigated. Finally, racemic and optically active nitrones were synthesised with preliminary investigations of their reactions with Grignard reagents showing hopeful signs of 1,2-asymmetric induction.
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Rowan, Michael. "Hume, probability and induction." Title page, contents and abstract only, 1985. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phr877.pdf.
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Swanson, Mark Daniel. "First-year teacher induction." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape7/PQDD_0005/NQ39597.pdf.
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Tucker, William Bird. "Deduction, induction, and abduction." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/24130.
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Otero, Margarita. "Models of open induction." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.291296.
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Gordon, B. M. "Small induction motor drives." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.599532.
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Domestic appliances represent very cost conscious applications for drives where the emphasis is on achieving the optimum compromise between cost and performance. The requirements placed on a domestic appliance drive are so radically different from those demanded of an industrial drive, that a detailed re-evaluation of all the constituent sub-units of the drive must be undertaken. Domestic appliances are produced in large volumes so the use of a special arrangement or custom components can be justified if an overall benefit can be demonstrated. The work presented in this dissertation is concerned with small drives which are suitable for domestic appliances. A study of the optimal number of phases for current and possible future power electronic construction methods is presented and their suitability of domestic appliance drives considered. Comparisons based on material utilisation and the quality of the air gap flux waveform are presented. With the power electronic technology available two and three phase drives were found to be the best compromise between cost and complexity, and several drives of each type were built to provide experimental evidence on the performance of each alternative drive topology proposed. The experimental results obtained from the different drives built are related to the conclusions of work on inverter topology and phases number.
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Sheppard, J. H. "Studies in chiral induction." Thesis, Swansea University, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.639019.
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This thesis is concerned primarily with the application of chiral organoborane reagents for asymmetric synthesis. A short chapter on the use of thexylborane N, N'-diethylaniline for reduction reactions is also included. The first chapter contains three main sections. The first (1.2) introduces the concepts of chirality and asymmetric synthesis, with discussions on mechanism, efficiency and importance of asymmetric synthesis. The second section (1.3), discusses the hydroboration reaction and reactions of organoboranes. The last section (1.4) reviews general developments in asymmetric synthesis followed by a detailed review of organoboron reagents in asymmetric synthesis. Chapters 2, 3 and 4 report attempts made to synthesise chiral monoalkylborane reagents from α-pinene (chapter 2), <i>trans</i>-verbenol derivatives (chapter 3) and nopol derivatives (chapter 4). The application of these chiral organoboranes for asymmetric hydroboration and, in some cases, reduction is discussed together with the enantiomeric yields achieved. The use of monoisopinocampheylborane and some chiral organoboranes derived from nopol for chiral hydroboration of trisubstituted alkenes, led to enantiomeric yields in excess of 70% . Chapter 5 reports the reducing properties of thexylborane N, N'-diethylaniline and compares the results with those from thexylborane reductions. The nature of the species present in this reagent was studied by infra-red spectrometry; the reagent was found to exist only partly in complexed form.
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Barros, Rodrigo Coelho. "Evolutionary model tree induction." Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10923/1687.
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Previous issue date: 2009<br>Model trees are a particular case of decision trees employed to solve regression problems, where the variable to be predicted is continuous. They have the advantage of presenting an interpretable output, helping the end-user to get more confidence in the prediction and providing the basis for the end-user to have new insight about the data, confirming or rejecting hypotheses previously formed. Moreover, model trees present an acceptable level of predictive performance in comparison to most techniques used for solving regression problems. Since generating the optimal model tree is a NPComplete problem, traditional model tree induction algorithms make use of a greedy top-down divideand- conquer strategy, which may not converge to the global optimal solution. In this work, we propose the use of the evolutionary algorithms paradigm as an alternate heuristic to generate model trees in order to improve the convergence to global optimal solutions. We test the predictive performance of this new approach using public UCI data sets, and we compare the results with traditional greedy regression/model trees induction algorithms. Results show that our approach presents a good tradeoff between predictive performance and model comprehensibility, which may be crucial in many data mining applications.<br>Árvores-modelo são um caso particular de árvores de decisão aplicadas na solução de problemas de regressão, onde a variável a ser predita é contínua. Possuem a vantagem de apresentar uma saída interpretável, auxiliando o usuário do sistema a ter mais confiança na predição e proporcionando a base para o usuário ter novos insights sobre os dados, confirmando ou rejeitando hipóteses previamente formadas. Além disso, árvores-modelo apresentam um nível aceitável de desempenho preditivo quando comparadas à maioria das técnicas utilizadas na solução de problemas de regressão. Uma vez que gerar a árvore-modelo ótima é um problema NP-Completo, algoritmos tradicionais de indução de árvores-modelo fazem uso da estratégia gulosa, top-down e de divisão e conquista, que pode não convergir à solução ótima-global. Neste trabalho é proposta a utilização do paradigma de algoritmos evolutivos como uma heurística alternativa para geração de árvores-modelo. Esta nova abordagem é testada por meio de bases de dados de regressão públicas da UCI, e os resultados são comparados àqueles gerados por algoritmos gulosos tradicionais de indução de árvores-modelo. Os resultados mostram que esta nova abordagem apresenta uma boa relação custo-benefício entre desempenho preditivo e geração de modelos de fácil interpretação, proporcionando um diferencial muitas vezes crucial em diversas aplicações de mineração de dados.
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Livesey, Mike. "Bicontexts and structural induction." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/13483.
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This thesis introduces and explores the notion of bicontext, an order-enriched category equipped with a unary endofunctor of order two called reverse. The purpose is threefold. First, the important categories that arise in Scott-Strachey denotational semantics have this additional structure, where by the constructions used to solve "data-type equations" are both limits and colimits simultaneously. Second, it yields a pleasant "set-theoretic" treatment of algebraic data-types in terms of bicontexts of (1, 1) relations rather than pairs of continuous functions. The theory provides a general way of relating bicontexts which serves to connect these particular ones. Third, the least solutions of data-type equations often have an associated principle of structural induction. Properties in such solutions become arrows in the appropriate bicontext, making the defining functor directly applicable to them. In this way the structural induction can be derived systematically from the functor.
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Belfanti, Edward Michael Jr. "Aspects of Automorphic Induction." The Ohio State University, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1525706818378677.
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Chaudhary, Sumeet. "Lightweight Electromagnetic Induction Motor." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1581333548692675.
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Thompson, William David. "Transmission, induction and evolution." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/11766.
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Many human behaviours are thought to depend upon cognitive capacities enriched with innate domain-specific knowledge. Underpinning this view is the hypothesis that evolution can shape cognition to include strong innate inductive biases. In this thesis, I re-examine that hypothesis with respect to a broad class of behaviours: those that we learn from other individuals. Taking human language as a test case, I present an analysis of the co-evolutionary process that underpins the formation of innate constraints on cognition for behaviours that are culturally transmitted through inductive inference. I derive a series of mathematical models of this process, built around Bayesian models of cognition and cultural transmission, and ask how they can inform our expectations about cognition in a cultural species. I argue that the traditional marriage of nativism and evolutionary reasoning is undermined by this process, as is the suggestion that cognitive adaptation to cultural behaviours is outright implausible. I explore the co-evolutionary dynamics induced by cultural transmission, and conclude that they can radically manipulate the evolution of cognition: culture can intervene in the formation of hard-wired knowledge, but nevertheless facilitate rapid cognitive adaptation. The analyses I report make strong, testable predictions about the nature of inductive biases for cultural behaviours, and offer solutions to a number of long-standing conundrums in the evolution of language.
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Muench, Patricia M. "Principal induction: principals' perceptions." DigitalCommons@Robert W. Woodruff Library, Atlanta University Center, 1998. http://digitalcommons.auctr.edu/dissertations/3692.
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This study served a dual purpose: (1) to assess thedegree to which principals received the practices that current literature describes as being advantageous in an induction program for newly appointed principals; and (2) to recommend a literature-based, principal influenced principal induction program for the DeKalb County School System. Current literature in the field provides sparse information on needs of newly hired principals during their infant years and strategies used in school districts to induct principals. Through this study's description of induction experiences stated as advantageous to an induction program, educators and school systems can gain insight into induction practices that could assist principals during their first three years of school leadership. The subjects of the study were 155 principals active during the 1996-97 school year in the metropolitan Atlanta RESA. In this quantitative investigation, data for the study were obtained through a 142-item questionnaire that focused on induction practices research indicated were important for newly hired principals. These induction practices were clustered into seven construct areas: Personal Aspects of Induction, Time Periods of Induction, Job-Specific Content, Profession-Specific Content, Induction Focus, Mentoring, and Sequencing Induction Activities. Mean scores indicated that principals rated all seven constructs at an inadequate to less than adequate level of received induction. The respondents stated each induction construct was important to include in an induction program for newly hired principals. The ANOVA test revealed significant differences in the principals' perception of the induction they received with respect to Personal Aspects of Induction, Job-Specific Content, Profession-Specific Content, and Induction Focus practices. A difference was also found in the category pertinent to years of current principalship experience. The findings indicated that the induction practices considered important by current literature and principals were not being received during the first three years of principalship. Recommendations for implementing or improving a formal school district induction program should follow the seven construct areas, with a special focus on formalization of an induction plan, planning thorough school and community orientation, and mentoring.
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Davies, Ryan. "An induction theorem inspired by Brauer's induction theorem for characters of finite groups." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2018. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/8834/.
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Brauer's induction theorem states that every irreducible character of a finite group G can be expressed as an integral linear combination of induced characters from elementary subgroups. The goal of this thesis is to develop our own induction theorem inspired by both Brauer's induction theorem and Global-Local conjectures. Specifically we replace the set of elementary subgroups of G by the set of subgroups of index divisible by the prime power divisors of the given character's degree. We aim to do this by using a reduction theorem to almost simple and quasisimple groups, using the Classification of Finite Simple Groups to deal with the remaining cases.
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Leonard, David. "Tolerance induction for vascularized composite allotransplantation through induction of stable hematopoietic mixed chimerism." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2015. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/tolerance-induction-for-vascularized-composite-allotransplantation-through-induction-of-stable-hematopoietic-mixed-chimerism(69cef777-5478-4322-bba4-ca955b8b1dd5).html.
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Vascularized composite allotransplantation has developed as a specialty at the interface of reconstructive and transplant surgery, offering restoration of function and form in scenarios where options for autologous reconstruction are limited, and for which the burden of donor-site morbidity may be high. Over the past 15 years some 28 patients have received face, and 85 patients upper extremity transplants. Results have been encouraging, with good functional outcomes, and the majority of patients reporting return to independence, employment and improved quality of life. However, the immunological management of these patients remains a significant challenge. While conventional immunosuppressive regimens have proven effective in preventing graft loss to rejection, they have failed to protect patients from acute rejection episodes, which have been reported in 85% during the first year post-transplant. When considered alongside the burden of comorbidity associated with life-long immunosuppression, the impetus for development of novel approaches to the prevention of rejection is clear. Induction of hematopoietic mixed chimerism has successfully achieved transplant tolerance, defined as specific unresponsiveness to donor antigens permitting life-long acceptance of transplanted tissues without maintenance immunosuppression, in numerous animal models and recently, of renal allografts in clinical trials. The work presented in this thesis investigates mixed chimerism for induction of tolerance of vascularized composite allografts (VCAs) across class I and II major histocompatibility (MHC) barriers in the Massachusetts General Hospital miniature swine model; a large animal model with defined MHC immunogenetics, and skin closely analogous to that of humans. The data presented demonstrate development of a reproducible model of VCA tolerance and stable hematopoietic mixed chimerism in a preclinical model. Importantly, tolerance extended to all components of VCAs including the epidermis and dermis, a previously un-reproducible finding. In vitro analysis demonstrated no evidence for either IL-2 reversible anergy or cellular regulation as mechanisms of donor-specific unresponsiveness, suggesting that at a systemic level, tolerance in this model may be primarily mediated by clonal deletion. In contrast, characterization of the cutaneous immune system demonstrated rapid infiltration of VCAs with recipient T cells and Langerhans’ cells, which in chimeric recipients did not cause rejection but rather established stable chimerism in all tissue-resident populations including dermal T cells with the phenotype of Tregs (CD25+FoxP3+); findings which suggest tissue-specific, and regulatory, mechanisms may play important roles. These data support the hypothesis that mixed chimerism is sufficient for whole-skin tolerance of VCAs, but further work is required to demonstrate the necessity of stable, rather than transient, chimerism and to confirm the necessity of other systemic or tissue-specific factors for prevention of epidermal rejection.
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Badger, Julia. "An investigation into children's inductive reasoning strategies : what drives the development of category induction?" Thesis, Aston University, 2011. http://publications.aston.ac.uk/16300/.
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In a series of studies, I investigated the developmental changes in children’s inductive reasoning strategy, methodological manipulations affecting the trajectory, and driving mechanisms behind the development of category induction. I systematically controlled the nature of the stimuli used, and employed a triad paradigm in which perceptual cues were directly pitted against category membership, to explore under which circumstances children used perceptual or category induction. My induction tasks were designed for children aged 3-9 years old using biologically plausible novel items. In Study 1, I tested 264 children. Using a wide age range allowed me to systematically investigate the developmental trajectory of induction. I also created two degrees of perceptual distractor – high and low – and explored whether the degree of perceptual similarity between target and test items altered children’s strategy preference. A further 52 children were tested in Study 2, to examine whether children showing a perceptual-bias were in fact basing their choice on maturation categories. A gradual transition was observed from perceptual to category induction. However, this transition could not be due to the inability to inhibit high perceptual distractors as children of all ages were equally distracted. Children were also not basing their strategy choices on maturation categories. In Study 3, I investigated category structure (featural vs. relational category rules) and domain (natural vs. artefact) on inductive preference. I tested 403 children. Each child was assigned to either the featural or relational condition, and completed both a natural kind and an artefact task. A further 98 children were tested in Study 4, on the effect of using stimuli labels during the tasks. I observed the same gradual transition from perceptual to category induction preference in Studies 3 and 4. This pattern was stable across domains, but children developed a category-bias one year later for relational categories, arguably due to the greater demands on executive function (EF) posed by these stimuli. Children who received labels during the task made significantly more category choices than those who did not receive labels, possibly due to priming effects. Having investigated influences affecting the developmental trajectory, I continued by exploring the driving mechanism behind the development of category induction. In Study 5, I tested 60 children on a battery of EF tasks as well as my induction task. None of the EF tasks were able to predict inductive variance, therefore EF development is unlikely to be the driving factor behind the transition. Finally in Study 6, I divided 252 children into either a comparison group or an intervention group. The intervention group took part in an interactive educational session at Twycross Zoo about animal adaptations. Both groups took part in four induction tasks, two before and two a week after the zoo visits. There was a significant increase in the number of category choices made in the intervention condition after the zoo visit, a result not observed in the comparison condition. This highlights the role of knowledge in supporting the transition from perceptual to category induction. I suggest that EF development may support induction development, but the driving mechanism behind the transition is an accumulation of knowledge, and an appreciation for the importance of category membership.
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Guillain, Michel. "Etude des inductions reciproques racine dentaire / os alveolaire." Paris 5, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA05M072.
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Levy, Messod. "Induction enzymatique par les anesthésiques." Paris 5, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA05P263.
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Vare, Daniel. "Interstrand Crosslinks - Induction and repair." Doctoral thesis, Stockholms universitet, Institutionen för genetik, mikrobiologi och toxikologi, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-78797.
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DNA crosslinking agents exhibit a variety of DNA lesions, such as monoadducts, DNA-DNA interstrand or intrastrand crosslinks or DNA-protein crosslinks. Agents that produce interstrand crosslinks (ICLs) exist naturally and are widely used in chemotherapy. Therefore, it is important to understand how the lesions induced by these agents are repaired. In bacteria, the repair is mainly dependent on nucleotide excision repair (NER) together with homologous recombination (HR) or translesion synthesis (TLS). In human cells, it is not clear how these lesions are repaired, and it is believed to be a more complicated process in which NER does not play as important a role as in prokaryotes. Here, we investigated the repair mechanisms mainly after treatment with psoralen but also with acetaldehyde, cisplatin and mitomycin C in some studies. As expected from studies on plasmids and in bacteria, we used new techniques to confirm that various ICL-inducing agents block replication fork elongation in mammalian cells. We also found that the replication fork was unable to bypass these lesions. We confirmed that ERCC1/XPF and the HR proteins BRCA2 and XRCC2/3 are vital for protection against ICL treatments. These proteins were also found to be equally important for the repair of monoadducts. To better understand ICL repair in mammalian cells, we developed a method to study the induction and unhooking of ICL in human fibroblasts. We found that ICLs were repaired and that 50% of the induced ICLs were unhooked within 3 hours following exposure. Additionally, we determined that XPA, but not XPE, is involved in ICL unhooking, although not affecting lethality. A step in ICL repair is the formation of double-strand breaks (DSBs), and we identified a replication-dependent formation of DSBs following ICL treatment. Furthermore, ERCC1/XPF was not necessary for DSB formation. The repair of these DSBs was performed by HR and involved ERCC1/XPF. Additionally, we were able to quantify the ICL unhooking in human fibroblasts and found that they can unhook ~2500 ICL/h. We also determined that a dose of approximately 400 ICL/cell is lethal to 50% of the cells, indicating that ICL unhooking is not the most critical step during the repair process.<br>DNA-skadande ämnen är vanligt i cancerbehandling, då snabbt växande celler, såsom cancerceller är betydligt känsligare än normala celler för DNA skador. En grupp av ämnen som vanligen används i cancerbehandling är korsbindare av DNA. Dessa ämnen kommer reagera två gånger med DNA och skapa två bindningar mitt emot varandra. DNA strängen, som består av två delar, måste kunna separeras och kopieras (replikation) på ett tillförlitligt sätt för att cellerna ska kunna dela sig och bli flera. DNA strängen måste också kunna dela sig och bli avläst rätt för att nya proteiner ska kunna bildas (transkription). När korsbindarna har bundit till DNA strängarna, hindrar detta deras separation och därigenom förhindras även avläsningen och kopieringen. För att göra undersökningarna av DNA korsbindande ämnen ännu lite svårare, så ger korsbindare flera olika typer av skador. Dels kan det bli flera olika typer av korsbindningar, både mellan två DNA-strängar (ICL) vilket är den farligaste och mest svårreparerade typen, men det kan också ske inom samma DNA-sträng (intrastrand crosslink) eller mellan en DNA-sträng och ett protein (DNA-protein crosslink). Korsbindare kan även bilda enbindningsskador (monoaddukt), vilket innebär den bara binder en gång till DNA. För att cellen ska kunna överleva, så måste den reparera skadorna och ta bort korsbindningen eller monoaddukten. Hur detta sker i människor är inte helt klarlagt men det verkar som det sker i flera steg. Till att börja med klipps DNA sönder i ena strängen på båda sidorna om korsbindningen, detta gör att den kvarvarande delen av korsbindningen kan böjas bort. Därefter kommer cellen att skapa nytt DNA för att fylla mellanrummet som bildats. Cellen använder sig av den andra DNA strängen som mall för att sätta in rätt DNA baser, men i fallet med korsbindande ämnen så är även den strängen skadad och därför finns det en stor risk för att fel DNA baser sätts in och då uppstår mutationer. Nästa steg är att klippa den kvarvarande delen av korsbindningen, även denna gång skapas ett mellanrum som måste fyllas med nya baser. Den första artikeln i avhandlingen handlar om att försöka reda ut om det är ICLen eller monoaddukten som är orsak till olika effekter som påträffas efter behandling med korsbindande ämnen. Det vi fann var att även om det bara var från ICLs som vi kunde mäta en effekt på replikationen, så fick vi nästan lika stark effekt från monoaddukterna, som från ICL, för en av de vanligast använda markörerna (kännetecknen) för båda DNA strängarna var brutna på samma ställe (dubbelstränsbrott). Detta berodde dock inte på att även monoaddukterna skapade dubbelsträngsbrott, utan på att markören vi använde var ospecifik. Vi fann även att även om ICLs har mycket större effekt än monoaddukten på cellens överlevnad m.m., så kan man inte bortse ifrån effekten av monoaddukten och att den troligen har en betydande roll för de korsbindande ämnen som endast ger en liten del ICLs. I artikel två har vi utvecklat en ny metod, som gör det möjligt att mäta hur många ICLs som bildas vid en viss dos av de korsbindande ämnen vi undersöker. Vi kan även mäta hur fort ICLerna kan repareras i mänskliga celler med hjälp av metoden. Tack vare en kombination av våra mätningar och med hjälp av datorsimuleringar, kunde vi räkna ut hur många ICLs som bildades per dos för tre vanliga korsbindare. Vi kunde även visa att 50 % av ICLen har påbörjat reparationen och kommit så långt att de var bortklippta från ena stängen inom 3 timmar efter behandlingen. I artikel tre undersöker vi vilka proteiner som är inblandade i den tidiga delen av ICL reparationen, alltså fram till och med att celler klipper ut korsbindningen på båda sidorna om skadan i ena strängen. Här visar vi att celler som är defekta i reparationsprotein kallat XPA, har en betydligt långsammare borttagning av ICLer än vad båda normala celler och celler defekta i reparationsprotein XPE har. Vi visar även att detta inte påverkar cellens replikationshastighet, eller har någon effekt på cellens överlevnad. Den fjärde artikeln handlar om acetaldehyd, som bildas när alkohol förbränns i kroppen. Acetaldehyd har föreslagits bilda ICL och därför undersökte vi vilka effekter den har på cellerna. Vi visar i den här artikeln att det krävs nysyntes av DNA för att acetaldehyd ska leda till dubbelsträngsbrott. Celler kan reparera dessa dubbelsträngsbrott med hjälp av reparationssystem, som kallas homolog rekombination, men att reparationen ibland blir felaktig. I den femte och sista artikeln i avhandligen undersöker vi ett av de vanligast föreslagna proteinen för att sköta klippningen av DNA (ERCC1/XPF) och hur den är inblandad i reparationen av korsbindningar. Vi kan här visa att även det krosbindande ämnet mitomycin C bromsar replikationshastigheter och att ERCC1/XPF är nödvändigt för att kunna fullfölja homolog rekombination av ICLs.<br><p>At the time of the doctoral defense, the following papers were unpublished and had a status as follows: Paper 1: Submitted. Paper 2: Manuscript. Paper 3: Manuscript. Paper 4: Submitted.</p>
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Pal, Mayur. "Modeling of induction stirred ladles." Licentiate thesis, KTH, Tillämpad processmetallurgi, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-97895.
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Over the years numerous computational fluid dynamics models have been developed in order to study the fluid flow in gas and induction stirred ladles. These models are used to gain insight in the industrial processes used in ladle treatment of steel. A unified model of an induction stirred Ladle in two and three dimensions is presented. Induction stirring of molten steel is a coupled multi-physics phenomena involving electromagnetic and fluid flow. Models presented in this thesis gives a more accurate description of the real stirring conditions and flow pattern, by taking into account the multi-physics behavior of the induction stirring process in an induction stirred ladle. This thesis presents a formulation of coupled electromagnetic and fluid flow equations. The coupled electromagnetic and fluid flow equations are solved using the finite element method in two and three-dimensions. The simulation model is used to predict values of steel velocities and magnetic flux density. The simulation model is also used to predict the effect of increased current density on flow velocity. Magnetic flux density values obtained from the model are verified against experimental values.<br>QC 20120615
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Lapointe, Stéphane. "Induction of recursive logic programs." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/7467.
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Newlands, Douglas A., and mikewood@deakin edu au. "Convex hulls in concept induction." Deakin University. School of Computing and Mathematics, 1998. http://tux.lib.deakin.edu.au./adt-VDU/public/adt-VDU20050826.112245.
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Classification learning is dominated by systems which induce large numbers of small axis-orthogonal decision surfaces. This strongly biases such systems towards particular hypothesis types but there is reason believe that many domains have underlying concepts which do not involve axis orthogonal surfaces. Further, the multiplicity of small decision regions mitigates against any holistic appreciation of the theories produced by these systems, notwithstanding the fact that many of the small regions are individually comprehensible. This thesis investigates modeling concepts as large geometric structures in n-dimensional space.
Convex hulls are a superset of the set of axis orthogonal hyperrectangles into which axis orthogonal systems partition the instance space. In consequence, there is reason to believe that convex hulls might provide a more flexible and general learning bias than axis orthogonal regions. The formation of convex hulls around a group of points of the same class is shown to be a usable generalisation and is more general than generalisations produced by axis-orthogonal based classifiers, without constructive induction, like decision trees, decision lists and rules. The use of a small number of large hulls as a concept representation is shown to provide classification performance which can be better than that of classifiers which use a large number of small fragmentary regions for each concept.
A convex hull based classifier, CH1, has been implemented and tested. CH1 can handle categorical and continuous data. Algorithms for two basic generalisation operations on hulls, inflation and facet deletion, are presented. The two operations are shown to improve the accuracy of the classifier and provide moderate classification accuracy over a representative selection of typical, largely or wholly continuous valued machine learning tasks. The classifier exhibits superior performance to well-known axis-orthogonal-based classifiers when presented with domains where the underlying decision surfaces are not axis parallel. The strengths and weaknesses of the system are
identified. One particular advantage is the ability of the system to model domains with approximately the same number of structures as there are underlying concepts. This leads to the possibility of extraction of higher level mathematical descriptions of the induced concepts, using the techniques of computational geometry, which is not possible from a multiplicity of small regions.
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Agutu, Willis Owuor. "Characterization of electromagnetic induction damper." Oxford, Ohio : Miami University, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=miami1187267117.
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Göl, Özdemir. "Dynamic modelling of induction machines /." Title page, contents and abstract only, 1993. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phg595.pdf.
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Benjamin, Richard John. "Tolerance induction with monoclonal antibodies." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.253988.
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van, Herel Ryan Marinus Johannes Wilhelmus Maria. "Wire Explosion via Electromagnetic Induction." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Electrical and Computer Engineering, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/6719.
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This research is aimed at exploding a wire via electromagnetic induction, with a preference for obtaining restrike of the exploding wire in a ring shape or otherwise.
Literature on both exploding wire and electromagnetic induction are introduced together. A mathematical framework to describe the wire explosion by induction is formulated from first principles using the idea of magnetic flux linkages. The environment in which the experiments took place is described, with reference to matters of laboratory safety and also measurement of transient electrical current and voltage in the wire explosion by induction. The results describe the approaches taken to explode a wire by induction to obtain a plasma conductor. Voltage and current data
are displayed and described. Throughout this work, there are long-exposure digital photographic images of the experiments taking place. These contribute to determining the outcome of experiments, and support the conclusions. Wires were exploded
by induction in an air-cored mutually coupled coils system, and restrike of those wires was achieved. Electrical characteristics of wire explosion by electromagnetic induction are displayed and discussed based on what is known about straight exploding
wires. Future works involving creation of plasma rings, electromagnetic thrust and exploding wires in vacuum are discussed.
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Hörmann, Wolfgang, and Gerhard Derflinger. "Universal Generators for Correlation Induction." Department of Statistics and Mathematics, Abt. f. Angewandte Statistik u. Datenverarbeitung, WU Vienna University of Economics and Business, 1994. http://epub.wu.ac.at/524/1/document.pdf.
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Compared with algorithms specialized for a single distribution universal (also called automatic or black-box) algorithms for continuous distributions were relatively seldom discussed. But they have important advantages for the user: One algorithm coded and tested only once can do the same or even more than a whole library of standard routines. It is only necessary to have a program available that can evaluate the density of the distribution up to a multiplicative factor. In this paper we show that transformed density rejection is well suited to construct universal algorithms suitable for correlation induction which is important for variance reduction in simulation. (author's abstract)<br>Series: Preprint Series / Department of Applied Statistics and Data Processing
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Lang, Joel. "Unsupervised induction of semantic roles." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/6254.
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In recent years, a considerable amount of work has been devoted to the task of automatic frame-semantic analysis. Given the relative maturity of syntactic parsing technology, which is an important prerequisite, frame-semantic analysis represents a realistic next step towards broad-coverage natural language understanding and has been shown to benefit a range of natural language processing applications such as information extraction and question answering. Due to the complexity which arises from variations in syntactic realization, data-driven models based on supervised learning have become the method of choice for this task. However, the reliance on large amounts of semantically labeled data which is costly to produce for every language, genre and domain, presents a major barrier to the widespread application of the supervised approach. This thesis therefore develops unsupervised machine learning methods, which automatically induce frame-semantic representations without making use of semantically labeled data. If successful, unsupervised methods would render manual data annotation unnecessary and therefore greatly benefit the applicability of automatic framesemantic analysis. We focus on the problem of semantic role induction, in which all the argument instances occurring together with a specific predicate in a corpus are grouped into clusters according to their semantic role. Our hypothesis is that semantic roles can be induced without human supervision from a corpus of syntactically parsed sentences, by leveraging the syntactic relations conveyed through parse trees with lexical-semantic information. We argue that semantic role induction can be guided by three linguistic principles. The first is the well-known constraint that semantic roles are unique within a particular frame. The second is that the arguments occurring in a specific syntactic position within a specific linking all bear the same semantic role. The third principle is that the (asymptotic) distribution over argument heads is the same for two clusters which represent the same semantic role. We consider two approaches to semantic role induction based on two fundamentally different perspectives on the problem. Firstly, we develop feature-based probabilistic latent structure models which capture the statistical relationships that hold between the semantic role and other features of an argument instance. Secondly, we conceptualize role induction as the problem of partitioning a graph whose vertices represent argument instances and whose edges express similarities between these instances. The graph thus represents all the argument instances for a particular predicate occurring in the corpus. The similarities with respect to different features are represented on different edge layers and accordingly we develop algorithms for partitioning such multi-layer graphs. We empirically validate our models and the principles they are based on and show that our graph partitioning models have several advantages over the feature-based models. In a series of experiments on both English and German the graph partitioning models outperform the feature-based models and yield significantly better scores over a strong baseline which directly identifies semantic roles with syntactic positions. In sum, we demonstrate that relatively high-quality shallow semantic representations can be induced without human supervision and foreground a promising direction of future research aimed at overcoming the problem of acquiring large amounts of lexicalsemantic knowledge.
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Eberhardt, Jens Niklas [Verfasser], and Wolfgang [Akademischer Betreuer] Soergel. "Graded and geometric parabolic induction." Freiburg : Universität, 2017. http://d-nb.info/113557216X/34.
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Horley, Neill. "Molecular basis of CYP2B2 induction." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 1999. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/10397/.
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Many structurally unrelated chemicals can induce members of the cytochrome P450 superfamily with phenobarbital (PB) being a typical example. PB induces CYP2B1/2, which are most highly expressed in the liver. Their mechanism of activation has not yet been elucidated, with advances hampered by the absence of a suitable cell culture system to mimic the in vivo PB-mediated induction. During this thesis a primary rat hepatocyte culture system has been developed which is highly responsive to PB at both RNA and protein levels. A sensitive and specific RNAse protection assay (RPA) has been used to demonstrate that CYP2B2 mRNA is highly inducible in vitro by PB. This response occurs in a time and dose-dependent manner. The use of RPA and Western blotting has demonstrated that this primary rat hepatocyte culture system supports the induction of CYP2B2 mRNA and protein levels by PB. Sequencing -1.4kb of the 5' flanking region of the CYP2B2 gene identified genomic regulatory elements and highlighted the location of the phenobarbital response element (PBRE). The PBRE was sub-cloned into various reporter constructs and transfection technology was used to determine its PB-mediated induction. A comparative study of the constructs generated in this thesis to that of a construct provided by Anderson's group (Trottier et al., 1995) was undertaken and no differences were found in their PB-responsiveness. The Anderson construct containing the PBRE was shown here to confer a 3.3-fold PB-mediated induction of the CYP2B2 gene by CAT reporter assays. This induction was shown to be both dose and time dependent. The induction is lower than that obtained by other workers due primarily to assay conditions which were not yet optimal. However, the effects of androstane on the constitutively active receptor (CAR) may also play a role in the small inductive response of the phenobarbital response element to PB.
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Green, T. C. "Scalar controlled induction motor drives." Thesis, Heriot-Watt University, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/10399/892.
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Hadjichristidis, Constantinos. "Conceptual centrality and property induction." Thesis, Durham University, 2000. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/4339/.
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This thesis examines property generalization among concepts. Its primary objective is to investigate the hypothesis that the more central a feature for a concept, the higher its generalizability to other concepts that share a similar structure (features and dependencies). Its secondary objectives are to examine the relative contributions of feature centrality and feature variability in property induction, whether centrality offers a domain-general or a domain-specific constraint, and whether centrality can operate under conditions of vagueness. Experiments 1 and 2 addressed the centrality hypothesis with centrality measured, whereas Experiments 3 to 14 and 17 with centrality manipulated. Relative feature centrality was manipulated as follows: from a single-dependency chain (Experiments 3 to 7), from the number of properties that depended upon a feature (Experiments 8 to 11 and 17), and from the centrality of the properties that depended upon the critical features (Experiments 12 to 14). The results support the centrality hypothesis. Experiments 12 to 16 addressed the relative contributions of centrality and variability in property induction. Experiments 12 to 14 pitted a central and variable property against a less central and less variable property in judgments of frequency and inductive strength. The results suggest that property induction depends on centrality rather than frequency information, and that centrality can bias the perception of frequency (although the latter results were not clear-cut). Experiments 15 and 16 pitted centrality against variability in information seeking. The results show that centrality information is sought more often than variability information to make an inference, especially amongst dissimilar concepts. Experiments 1 to 16 used animal categories. Experiment 17 examined the centrality hypothesis with artifact categories. The results show centrality effects. Taken together, the Experiments suggest that centrality offers a domain-general constraint. Experiments 5, 8 to 11, and 17 left the properties that depended upon a candidate feature unspecified. A centrality effect was still obtained. The results suggest that centrality can operate under conditions of vagueness. The results are discussed in terms of theories of conceptual structure and models of category-based inference. A model to capture the present findings is also sketched.
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Kaye, R. W. "Diophantine and parameter-free induction." Thesis, University of Manchester, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.383189.
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Kokubun, Tetsuo. "Phytoalexin induction in the Rosaceae." Thesis, University of Reading, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.240293.
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Large, Janet. "Asymmetric induction using heterocyclic precursors." Thesis, Open University, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.272951.
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Moros, A. "Magnetohydrodynamics of channel induction furnaces." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.383311.
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Abdel-Magied, Midhat. "Bar fractures in induction machines." Thesis, Imperial College London, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/37911.
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Sanders, Seth Robert. "State estimation in induction machines." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/40344.
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