Journal articles: 'Indus script'

1

Salomon, Richard, and Asko Parpola. "Deciphering the Indus Script." Journal of the American Oriental Society 116, no. 4 (October 1996): 745. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/605446.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

2

Coulmas, Florian, and Asko Parpola. "Deciphering the Indus Script." Language 72, no. 1 (March 1996): 167. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/416809.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

3

Maurer, Walter Harding, and S. R. Rao. "The Decipherment of the Indus Script." Journal of the American Oriental Society 105, no. 2 (April 1985): 374. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/601743.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

4

Robinson, Andrew. "Ancient civilization: Cracking the Indus script." Nature 526, no. 7574 (October 2015): 499–501. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/526499a.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

5

Kenoyer, Jonathan Mark. ": Deciphering the Indus Script . Asko Parpola." American Anthropologist 98, no. 1 (March 1996): 198–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/aa.1996.98.1.02a00470.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

6

Parpola, Asko. "The Indus script: A challenging puzzle." World Archaeology 17, no. 3 (February 1986): 399–419. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00438243.1986.9979979.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

7

Saini, Sujata, Hiroki Shibata, and Yasufumi Takama. "Construction of Handwritten Indus Signs Dataset Employing Social Approach." Journal of Advanced Computational Intelligence and Intelligent Informatics 28, no. 1 (January 20, 2024): 122–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jaciii.2024.p0122.

Full text

Abstract:

This paper constructs a dataset of handwritten Indus signs employing a social approach. A writing system called the Indus script was created in the Indus civilization. It has been decoded numerous times throughout the years, but it has not yet been fully deciphered. Due to a lack of information and the scarcity of evidence, the mystery of the Indus signs has not yet been fully solved. Recently, there has been an increase in demand for huge datasets in order to use cutting-edge machine learning techniques. Considering the restricted availability of images of authentic Indus signs, this paper proposes creating an Indus signs dataset by asking participants to draw the Indus signs while referring to the image of the original Indus signs. A web application was developed and used to collect the 44 participants’ handwritten images of ten Indus signs. To show the availability of the constructed dataset, it is used to train convolutional neural networks. The experimental result demonstrates that the model can classify the images of original Indus script with 70% accuracy.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

8

C Jyothibabu. "Iravatham Mahadevan’s Reading of Indus Script: A Critical Review." Studia Orientalia Electronica 11, no. 1 (May 2, 2023): 1–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.23993/store.85246.

Full text

Abstract:

This paper comprehensively summarizes, analyses, and reviews Iravatham Mahadevan’s attempts to decipher the Indus script. Spanning a period of over thirty five years, Iravatham Mahadevan made continuous attempts to interpret and decipher the Indus script. Mahadevan claimed to have adapted the method of parallels between the symbolic representation and the text, between the written object and its designation, between the written symbol itself and its meaning, and the similarity throughout the ancient East of certain portions of the inscriptions, with the assumption that the underlying language of the script is Dravidian. Mahadevan was very flexible in changing his views and finding new interpretations, and gradually he shifted his interpretation of Indus signs from being phonetic/logographic/word to ideographic, leaving unshaken his core personal hypothesis and belief in the Veḷier clan and Tamil cultural settings. While Mahadevan did not succeed in making a self-consistent system of readings applicable to a large number of discovered pieces of writings, he did make a determined, persistent effort to develop a Dravidian framework for deciphering of the Indus script. This study seeks to find weaknesses in the methodology and assumptions of Mahadevan and searches for possible alternatives within that framework.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

9

During Caspers, Elisabeth C. L. "The MBAC and the Harappan Script." Ancient Civilizations from Scythia to Siberia 5, no. 1 (1999): 40–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/157005799x00052.

Full text

Abstract:

AbstractThe article deals with interpretation of inscriptions consisting of Indus characters recovered outside the boundaries of the Indus Valley, primarily in Arabian Gulf regions and in Southern Mesopotamia. The author makes a supposition that inscriptions on foreign (non-Harappan) seals and objects with non-Harappan sign sequences and/or inclusion of non-Harappan signs could belong not to the so-called "new Sumerians," acculturated and integrated Meluhhans who lived in the Gulf region, but to the Murghabo-Bactrians who had come to the Arabian Gulf and Southern Mesopotamia. The latter could have acquired some knowledge of the Harappan script and language at their home in Central Asia.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

10

During Caspers, Elisabeth C. L. "The Mbac and the Harappan Script." Ancient Civilizations from Scythia to Siberia 5, no. 3 (1999): 40–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/157005799x00115.

Full text

Abstract:

AbstractThe article deals with interpretation of inscriptions consisting of Indus characters recovered outside the boundaries of the Indus Valley, primarily in Arabian Gulf regions and in Southern Mesopotamia. The author makes a supposition that inscriptions on foreign (non-Harappan) seals and objects with non-Harappan sign sequences and/or inclusion of non-Harappan signs could belong not to the so-called "new Sumerians," acculturated and integrated Meluhhans who lived in the Gulf region, but to the Murghabo-Bactrians who had come to the Arabian Gulf and Southern Mesopotamia. The latter could have acquired some knowledge of the Harappan script and language at their home in Central Asia.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

11

Kak, Subhash C. "A FREQUENCY ANALYSIS OF THE INDUS SCRIPT." Cryptologia 12, no. 3 (July 1988): 129–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0161-118891862873.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

12

Rao, R. P. N., N. Yadav, M. N. Vahia, H. Joglekar, R. Adhikari, and I. Mahadevan. "A Markov model of the Indus script." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 106, no. 33 (August 5, 2009): 13685–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0906237106.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

13

Lawler, A. "ARCHAEOLOGY: The Indus Script--Write or Wrong?" Science 306, no. 5704 (December 17, 2004): 2026–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.306.5704.2026.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

14

Blau, Stephen K. "Statistically speaking, Indus script is a language." Physics Today 62, no. 6 (June 2009): 19–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3156322.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

15

Shrimali, Krishna Mohan. "Religion, urbanism and the ruling apparatus of the Harappans." Studies in People's History 4, no. 1 (April 26, 2017): 91–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2348448917693858.

Full text

Abstract:

The Indus (Harappan) Civilisation having to be interpreted only from archaeological remains, since the Indus script has not been deciphered, the room for speculation has been very wide. The paper examines the variety of interpretations offered and concludes that practically none of them carry conviction.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

16

Hlebec, Boris F. "THE SECRET OF INDUS VALLEY SEALS UNSEALED." Филолог – часопис за језик књижевност и културу 14, no. 28 (December 31, 2023): 515–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.21618/fil2328515h.

Full text

Abstract:

Belief in goddesses helping mothers to have healthy and numerous offspring covered vast expanses of Europe and Middle East during several million years from the Neolithic to the period of early Christianity. In addition to material finds, this has been proven by reading many inscriptions from Lepenski Vir, Vinča, Byblos, and the territories of the present Portugal, France, Ukraine, and Russia, all written in a kind of Vinča ideographic/logographic script. Based on the previous readings of Vinča script, the article presents an interpretation of a large number of seals from Mohenjo-Daro and Harappa made in the third millennium BC by members of the Proto-Indian civilisation.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

17

Kak, Subhash C. "THE STUDY OF THE INDUS SCRIPT GENERAL CONSIDERATIONS." Cryptologia 11, no. 3 (July 1987): 182–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0161-118791862009.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

18

Daggumati, Shruti, and Peter Z. Revesz. "Convolutional Neural Networks Analysis Reveals Three Possible Sources of Bronze Age Writings between Greece and India." Information 14, no. 4 (April 7, 2023): 227. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/info14040227.

Full text

Abstract:

This paper analyzes the relationships among eight ancient scripts from between Greece and India. We used convolutional neural networks combined with support vector machines to give a numerical rating of the similarity between pairs of signs (one sign from each of two different scripts). Two scripts that had a one-to-one matching of their signs were determined to be related. The result of the analysis is the finding of the following three groups, which are listed in chronological order: (1) Sumerian pictograms, the Indus Valley script, and the proto-Elamite script; (2) Cretan hieroglyphs and Linear B; and (3) the Phoenician, Greek, and Brahmi alphabets. Based on their geographic locations and times of appearance, Group (1) may originate from Mesopotamia in the early Bronze Age, Group (2) may originate from Europe in the middle Bronze Age, and Group (3) may originate from the Sinai Peninsula in the late Bronze Age.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

19

Yadav, Nisha, Hrishikesh Joglekar, Rajesh P. N. Rao, Mayank N. Vahia, Ronojoy Adhikari, and Iravatham Mahadevan. "Statistical Analysis of the Indus Script Using n-Grams." PLoS ONE 5, no. 3 (March 19, 2010): e9506. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0009506.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

20

Kinnier Wilson, J. V. "The ‘Seven Cities’ of the Indus Script: A Restatement." South Asian Studies 12, no. 1 (January 1996): 99–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02666030.1996.9628513.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

21

Rao, R. P. N., N. Yadav, M. N. Vahia, H. Joglekar, R. Adhikari, and I. Mahadevan. "Entropic Evidence for Linguistic Structure in the Indus Script." Science 324, no. 5931 (April 23, 2009): 1165. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.1170391.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

22

Rao, Rajesh P. N., Nisha Yadav, Mayank N. Vahia, Hrishikesh Joglekar, Ronojoy Adhikari, and Iravatham Mahadevan. "Entropy, the Indus Script, and Language:A Reply to R. Sproat." Computational Linguistics 36, no. 4 (December 2010): 795–805. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/coli_c_00030.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

23

Coningham, Robin, and Mark Manuel. "Priest-Kings or Puritans? Childe and Willing Subordination in the Indus." European Journal of Archaeology 12, no. 1-3 (2009): 167–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1461957109339691.

Full text

Abstract:

One of the Indus Civilization's most striking features is its cultural uniformity evidenced by a common script, artefact forms and motifs, weights and measures, and the presence of proscribed urban plans. Early excavators and commentators utilized ideas of diffusion, and concepts of kingship and slavery remained prevalent within interpretations of the Indus. Whilst Childe questioned ideas of diffusion and hereditary rule he still identified a system of economic exploitation in which the vast majority of the population was subordinated. More recently scholars have begun to argue that small sections of the Indus population may have willingly subordinated themselves in order to secure positions of power. This article explores the dichotomy between traditional Eurocentric normative models of social organization and those derived from south Asian cultural traditions.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

24

R, Kaladevi, Revathi A, and Manju A. "Analyzing the Evolution of Modern Tamil Script for Natural Language Processing." ECS Transactions 107, no. 1 (April 24, 2022): 5219–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/10701.5219ecst.

Full text

Abstract:

History is essential for understanding the society's former state. It is beneficial to understand people's historical status, culture, and how we view the present. The society benefits from the society's diversified culture and unparalleled civilization. The limited sources available to learn about our history are books, epigraphs, and inscriptions. Only around half of all Indian inscriptions are in Tamil, and only half of those are published. The name India is derived from the Indus River, and the Indus Valley Civilization is the most active and progressive civilization in the ancient world. Hinduism, Buddhism, Sikhism, and Jainism are four well-known religions that emerged from this culture. Epigraphs are the most reliable source of information about ancient India's life, culture, religion, and politics. This study examines the evolution of India's many scripts and languages. Discovering the incremental changes in scripts and languages that demonstrate the linguistic relationship between distinct populations is critical. Natural language processing benefits from knowledge of numerous scripts, languages, and techniques for letter recognition.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

25

Bhalloo, Zahir, and Iqbal Akhtar. "Les manuscrits du sud de la vallée de l’Indus en écriture khojkī sindhī: état des lieux et perspectives." Asiatische Studien - Études Asiatiques 72, no. 2 (August 28, 2018): 319–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/asia-2016-0029.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract This article presents an overview of research on the corpus of eighteenth to twentieth century manuscripts from south of the Indus valley in Khojkī Sindhī script. After a general introduction to the significance of these manuscripts, we will first look at how researchers have approached the problem of the origins of the “Khojkī Sindhī” script and its relation to the religious tradition of the Khoja merchant caste of Sindh and Gujarat. Then, we systematically present the main cataloguing attempts and studies from 1964 onwards on the paleography, codicology, textual content and illustrations of these manuscripts. Finally, we summarize ongoing research and suggest new directions for future work on these manuscripts.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

26

Oakes, Michael Philip. "Statistical Analysis of the Tables in Mahadevan’s Concordance of the Indus Valley Script." Journal of Quantitative Linguistics 26, no. 1 (December 6, 2017): 22–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09296174.2017.1406294.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

27

Kinnier Wilson, J. V. "Fish Rations and the Indus Script: Some New Arguments in the Case for Accountancy." South Asian Studies 3, no. 1 (January 1987): 41–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02666030.1987.9628353.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

28

Norman, K. R. "The harappan civilization and its writing. A model for the decipherment of the Indus script." Lingua 94, no. 1 (September 1994): 61–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0024-3841(94)90021-3.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

29

Salomon, Richard. "The Buddhist Indus Script and Scriptures: On the so-called Bhaikṣukī or Saindhavī Script of the Sāṃmitīyas and their Canon, by Dragomir Dimitrov." Indo-Iranian Journal 63, no. 4 (November 11, 2020): 400–407. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15728536-06304007.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

30

Coulmas, Florian. "Sealed for eternity? Review of ‘Unsealing the Indus Script. Anatomy of its Decipherment’ Malati J. Shendge." Writing Systems Research 2, no. 2 (January 2010): 169–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/wsr/wsq007.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

31

Blackburn, Stuart. "Book Reviews : Deciphering the Indus Script by Asko Parpola. Cambridge University Press, 1994. Pp. xxii +374." South Asia Research 16, no. 1 (April 1996): 97–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/026272809601600114.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

32

Oberlies, Thomas. "Asko Parpola: Deciphering the Indus script, xxii, 374 pp. Cambridge, etc.: Cambridge University Press, 1994. £60, $95." Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies 59, no. 2 (June 1996): 383–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0041977x00031980.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

33

Chakrabarti, Dilip K. "Deciphering the Indus script. By Asko Parpola. pp. xxii, 374,, 226 figs. Cambridge etc., Cambridge University Press, 1994, £60.00." Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society 5, no. 3 (November 1995): 428–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1356186300006829.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

34

Werner, Karel. "South Asia - Egbert Richter-Ushanas: The Indus script and the Ṛg-veda. 223 pp. Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass, 1997. Rs. 395." Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies 62, no. 1 (January 1999): 151–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0041977x00017894.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

35

Pane, Fauzi H. Sitorus, and Muhammad Amin. "PENGEMBANGAN MEDIA VIDEO TUTORIAL BERBASIS ANIMASI DALAM PEMBELAJARAN GARDU INDUK TENAGA LISTRIK KELAS XI DI SMK NEGERI 1 LUBUK PAKAM." JEVTE: Journal of Electrical Vocational Teacher Education 1, no. 1 (May 24, 2021): 26. http://dx.doi.org/10.24114/jevte.v1i1.25044.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract This study aims to: (1) Know how to develop Electric Power Substation Learning Media class XI majoring in Electrical Power Grid Engineering at SMK Negeri 1 Lubuk Pakam, (2) Knowing the feasibility level of Electric Power Substation Learning Media class XI majoring in Electrical Power Network Engineering at SMK Negeri 1 Lubuk Pakam.Abstract must reflect the overall substance of the article content and be able to help readers determine its relevance to their interests and decide whether to read the document in its entirety. This research is included in Research and Development (R&D). This media manufacturing procedure includes (1) Analysis of the product to be developed, (2) Developing the initial product, (3) Expert validation and revision, (4) Small-scale field test and product revision, (5) Large-scale field test and final produc. The development of this product uses Video Scribe software. Product data in the form of qualitative data obtained from the advice and input of media experts, material experts, teachers and students, as well as quantitative data derived from the assessment of media experts, material experts, teachers and students. The results of this study are: (1) making video media tutorial electric power substation steps include, making product design developed, collecting supporting materials for electric power substation materials, finishing, media assessment by media and material experts, revisions, small-scale trials and large-scale trials. (2) The feasibility result of video tutorial media based on animation using Video Scribe software as follows: media expert assessment obtained a score of 4.86 with a very decent category, material expert assessment gets a score of 4.46 with a very decent category, small-scale test assessment gets a score of 4.34 Key Words: Development of learning media, electric power substation. AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk : (1) Mengetahui cara pengembangan Media Pembelajaran Gardu Induk Tenaga Listrik kelas XI jurusan Teknik Jaringan Tenaga Listrik di SMK Negeri 1 Lubuk Pakam, (2) Mengetahui tingkat kelayakan Media Pembelajaran Gardu Induk Tenaga Listrik kelas XI jurusan Teknik Jaringan Tenaga Listrik di SMK Negeri 1 Lubuk Pakam. Penelitian ini termasuk dalam Penelitian dan Pengembangan (Research and Development (R&D)). Prosedur pembuatan media ini meliputi (1) Analisis produk yang akan dikembangkan, (2) Mengembangkan produk awal, (3) Validasi ahli dan revisi, (4) Uji lapangan skala kecil dan revisi produk, (5) Uji lapangan skala besar dan produk akhir. Pengembangan produk ini menggunakan software Video Scribe. Data produk berupa data kualitatif yang didapat dari saran dan masukan ahli media, ahli materi, guru dan siswa,serta berupa data kuantitatif yang berasal dari penilaian ahli media, ahli materi,guru dan siswa. Hasil penelitian ini adalah : (1) pembuatan media video tutorial gardu induk tenaga listrik langkah-langkahnya meliputi, membuat desain produk yang dikembangkan, mengumpulkan bahan-bahan pendukung untuk materi gardu induk tenaga listrik, finishing, penilaian media oleh ahli media dan materi, revisi, uji coba skala kecil dan uji coba skala besar. (2) Hasil kelayakan media video tutorial berbasis animasi dengan menggunakan software Video Scribe sebagai berikut : penilaian ahli media diperoleh nilai 4,86 dengan kategori sangat layak, penilaian ahli materi mendapatkan nilai sebesar 4,46 dengan kategori sangat layak, penilaian uji skala kecil mendapatkan nilai sebesar 4,34 dengan kategori sangat layak, penilaian uji skala besar mendapatkan nilai sebesar 4,17 dengan kategori sangat layak. Kata Kunci: Pengembangan media pembelajaran, gardu induk tenaga listrik.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

36

Samejo, Abdul Karim, Ajab Ali Lashari, and Sumaira Suleman Mahar. "A Study of Developing a Prototype of Sindhi Primer of Early Childhood Education Level in Sindh." Global Social Sciences Review VIII, no. II (June 30, 2023): 225–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/gssr.2023(viii-ii).21.

Full text

Abstract:

Sindhi is the most ancient language of the sub-continent and has been used as a medium of instruction in this region through centuries. The writing history of the Sindhi Language starts from Indus Civilization in the era of pictographic scripts being used for sister civilizations. Observing ground and historical realities, Sindhi is one of the most important languages of the world. For the study and development of language, it is necessary to develop primary textbooks. In our country, the teaching of language is a specialized skill. The primer (textbook) has a very milestone role in teaching and learning of respective language. The Sindhi Primers of public and private sectors were not as per the standard of other language primers. As per basic language skills textual and spelling forms' analysis, there were found only three primers of more than 50% success rate, while others were of very low standard with less than the success rate of 30%. Therefore it was a dire need to develop and design a Model Sindhi Primer based on the new revised National Curriculum with a 100% success rate of speaking, listening, reading, writing and understanding skills of the Sindhi Language for effective learning in early childhood class in schools of Sindh. The primer under research is an effective learning model primer which fulfils sufficient needs of learners and teachers for teaching and learning of Sindhi Language.The primer under research is also a Model Primer for textbook writers and authors in developing and designing any textbook in accordance with learning outcomes and objectives described in the curriculum.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

37

Wulandari, Ratna Wahyu, and Novi Maryani. "PENINGKATAN KETERAMPILAN GURU SMA TERBUKA MELALUI PELATIHAN PEMBUATAN E-MEDIA." QARDHUL HASAN: MEDIA PENGABDIAN KEPADA MASYARAKAT 6, no. 1 (April 28, 2020): 39. http://dx.doi.org/10.30997/qh.v6i1.2557.

Full text

Abstract:

Sekolah Terbuka merupakan satu bentuk pendidikan formal yang penyelenggaraanya berdiri sendiri tetapi masih menjadi bagian dari sekolah induk yang penyelenggaraan pendidikannya menggunakan metode belajar secara mandiri. Di sekolah terbuka, siswa belajar dengan bantuan dari guru seminimal mungkin dan menggunakan modul sebagai bahan ajar utama. Pembelajaran dengan sistem terbuka memberikan kesempatan belajar yang seluas-luasnya kepada anak-anak lulusan Sekolah Dasar atau Sekolah Menengah Pertama atau sederajat yang tidak dapat mengikuti pendidikan sekolah reguler karena berbagai hambatan yang dimiliki. Kegiatan Pengabdian bagi Masyarakat yang dilakukan ini berupa kegiatan pelatihan yang bertujuan untuk mengadakan pelatihan dan pendampingan dalam pembuatan media pembelajaran interaktif bagi guru-guru SMA Terbuka di Kecamatan Jonggol Kabupaten Bogor. Target yang diharapkan dari kegiatan ini adalah dapat meningkatkan keterampilan guru-guru dalam mengoperasikan aplikasi pembuat media pembelajaran elektronik. Aplikasi yang digunakan dalam membuat media pembelajaran elektronik ini adalah Sparkol Video Scribe, Power Point, dan Camtasia Studio. Metode dari kegiatan ini menggunakan metode ABCD (Assets Based Community Development) yang difokuskan pada pengembangan aset manusia (human capital). Tahapan kegiatan dimulai dengan pendaftaran peserta, dilanjutkan dengan penyampaian materi tentang media pembelajaran elektronik, proses install aplikasi, dilanjutkan dengan penyampaian materi utama tentang Sparkol Video Scribe, Power Point, atau Camtasia Studio. Pelatihan dilakukan sebanyak tiga kali tatap muka dengan materi utama yang berbeda-beda. Tahap selanjutnya yaitu memberikan tugas yang dikerjakan secara mandiri, yaitu membuat media pembelajaran, kepada peserta sesuai dengan bidang ajarnya. Sebagai bagian dari tahap penyempurnaan, peserta diberi pendampingan mulai dari perancangan, pembuatan, dan tahap finishing selama 2 minggu. Setiap peserta diharuskan menghasilkan 2 media yang berbeda.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

38

Ballard, Chris, Jeroen A. Overweel, Timothy P. Barnard, Daniel Perret, Peter Boomgaard, Om Prakash, U. T. Bosma, et al. "Book Reviews." Bijdragen tot de taal-, land- en volkenkunde / Journal of the Humanities and Social Sciences of Southeast Asia 155, no. 4 (1999): 683–736. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22134379-90003866.

Full text

Abstract:

- Chris Ballard, Jeroen A. Overweel, Topics relating to Netherlands New Guinea in Ternate Residency memoranda of transfer and other assorted documents. Leiden: DSALCUL, Jakarta: IRIS, 1995, x + 146 pp. [Irian Jaya Source Materials 13.] - Timothy P. Barnard, Daniel Perret, Sejarah Johor-Riau-Lingga sehingga 1914; Sebuah esei bibliografi. Kuala Lumpur: Kementerian Kebudayaan, Kesenian dan Pelancongan Malaysia/École Francaise d’Extrême Orient, 1998, 460 pp. - Peter Boomgaard, Om Prakash, European commercial enterprise in pre-colonial India. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1998, xviii + 377 pp. [The New Cambridge History of India II-5.] - U.T. Bosma, Oliver Kortendick, Drei Schwestern und ihre Kinder; Rekonstruktion von Familiengeschichte und Identitätstransmission bei Indischen Nerlanders mit Hilfe computerunterstützter Inhaltsanalyse. Canterbury: Centre for Social Anthropology and Computing, University of Kent at Canterbury, 1996, viii + 218 pp. [Centre for Social Anthropology and Computing Monograph 12.] - Freek Colombijn, Thomas Psota, Waldgeister und Reisseelen; Die Revitalisierung von Ritualen zur Erhaltung der komplementären Produktion in SüdwestSumatra. Berlin: Reimer, 1996, 203 + 15 pp. [Berner Sumatraforschungen.] - Christine Dobbin, Ann Maxwell Hill, Merchants and migrants; Ethnicity and trade among Yunannese Chinese in Southeast Asia. New Haven: Yale University Southeast Asia Studies, 1998, vii + 178 pp. [Yale Southeast Asia Studies Monograph 47.] - Aone van Engelenhoven, Peter Bellwood, The Austronesians; Historical and comparative perspectives. Canberra: Department of Anthropology, Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies, Australian National University, 1995, viii + 359 pp., James J. Fox, Darrell Tryon (eds.) - Aone van Engelenhoven, Wyn D. Laidig, Descriptive studies of languages in Maluku, Part II. Jakarta: Badan Penyelenggara Seri NUSA and Universitas Katolik Indonesia Atma Jaya, 1995, xii + 112 pp. [NUSA Linguistic Studies of Indonesian and Other Languages in Indonesia 38.] - Ch. F. van Fraassen, R.Z. Leirissa, Halmahera Timur dan Raja Jailolo; Pergolakan sekitar Laut Seram awal abad 19. Jakarta: Balai Pustaka, 1996, xiv + 256 pp. - Frances Gouda, Denys Lombard, Rêver l’Asie; Exotisme et littérature coloniale aux Indes, an Indochine et en Insulinde. Paris: Éditions de l’École des Hautes Études en Sciences Sociales, 1993, 486 pp., Catherine Champion, Henri Chambert-Loir (eds.) - Hans Hägerdal, Timothy Lindsey, The romance of K’tut Tantri and Indonesia; Texts and scripts, history and identity. Kuala Lumpur: Oxford University Press, 1997, xix + 362 + 24 pp. - Renee Hagesteijn, Ina E. Slamet-Velsink, Emerging hierarchies; Processes of stratification and early state formation in the Indonesian archipelago: prehistory and the ethnographic present. Leiden: KITLV Press, 1995, ix + 279 pp. [VKI 166.] - David Henley, Victor T. King, Environmental challenges in South-East Asia. Richmond: Curzon Press, 1998, xviii + 410 pp. [Nordic Institute of Asian Studies, Man and Nature in Asia Series 2.] - C. de Jonge, Ton Otto, Cultural dynamics of religious change in Oceania. Leiden: KITLV Press, 1997, viii + 144 pp. [VKI 176.], Ad Boorsboom (eds.) - C. de Jonge, Chris Sugden, Seeking the Asian face of Jesus; A critical and comparative study of the practice and theology of Christian social witness in Indonesia and India between 1974 and 1996. Oxford: Regnum, 1997, xix + 496 pp. - John N. Miksic, Roy E. Jordaan, In praise of Prambanan; Dutch essays on the Loro Jonggrang temple complex. Leiden: KITLV Press, 1996, xii + 259 pp. [Translation Series 26.] - Marije Plomp, Ann Kumar, Illuminations; The writing traditions of Indonesia; Featuring manuscripts from the National Library of Indonesia. Jakarta: The Lontar Foundation, New York: Weatherhill, 1996., John H. McGlynn (eds.) - Susan de Roode, Eveline Ferretti, Cutting across the lands; An annotated bibliography on natural resource management and community development in Indonesia, the Philippines and Malaysia. Ithaca, New York: Cornell University Southeast Asia Program, 1997, 329 pp. [Southeast Asia Program Series 16.] - M.J.C. Schouten, Monika Schlicher, Portugal in Ost-Timor; Eine kritische Untersuchung zur portugiesischen Kolonialgeschichte in Ost-Timor, 1850 bis 1912. Hamburg: Abera-Verlag, 1996, 347 pp. - Karel Steenbrink, Leo Dubbeldam, Values and value education. The Hague: Centre for the Study of Education in Developing Countries (CESO), 1995, 183 pp. [CESO Paperback 25.] - Pamela J. Stewart, Michael Houseman, Naven or the other self; A relational approach to ritual action. Leiden: Brill, 1998, xvi + 325 pp., Carlo Severi (eds.) - Han F. Vermeulen, Pieter ter Keurs, The language of things; Studies in ethnocommunication; In honour of Professor Adrian A. Gerbrands. Leiden: Rijksmuseum voor Volkenkunde, 1990, 208 pp. [Mededelingen van het Rijksmuseum voor Volkenkunde 25.], Dirk Smidt (eds.)

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

39

Venkatesh, Varun, and Ali Farghaly. "Identifying Anomalous Indus Texts from West Asia Using Markov Chain Language Model." Journal of Student Research 12, no. 1 (February 28, 2023). http://dx.doi.org/10.47611/jsrhs.v12i1.4080.

Full text

Abstract:

The Indus Valley civilization thrived during its mature period between 2500 BCE and 1800 BCE and traded with civilizations of West Asia such as Mesopotamia and Dilmun through the Persian gulf. During this period, the Indus civilization developed a writing system now called the Indus script which is logosyllabic. It is unclear what language it encodes and is considered one of the biggest unsolved mysteries of historical linguistics. Researchers have collected Indus script texts from various sites in the Indian subcontinent and from West Asia and have built the Indus script text corpus. This research shows that several West Asian Indus texts in the corpus likely use a different language or syntax than the ones from the Indian subcontinent. We built various Markov chain language models based on n-grams from the Indus texts corpus. Using a best-fit language model, we calculated the model perplexity for each of the West Asian Indus texts. Our results show that the model perplexity was high for most West Asian Indus texts and that these texts did not fit in well with the language model built with Indus texts from just the Indian subcontinent. We conclude that the language and/or the syntax in the West Asian Indus texts are different from the Indus texts from the Indian subcontinent. We hope that this research and the statistical models we developed here will aid in quantifying the geographical difference in Indus scripts and contribute to the Indus script decipherment effort.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

40

Yadav, Nisha. "Structure of Indus Script." Indian Journal of History of Science 54, no. 2 (July 1, 2019). http://dx.doi.org/10.16943/ijhs/2019/v54i2/49656.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

41

"Indus valley script is linguistic." Nature India, May 8, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nindia.2009.128.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

42

"Write signs for Indus script?" Nature India, May 31, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nindia.2009.147.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

43

Revesz, Peter. "The Development and Role of Symmetry in Ancient Scripts." Symmetry: Art and Science | 12th SIS-Symmetry Congress, 2022, 308–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.24840/1447-607x/2022/12-39-308.

Full text

Abstract:

This paper investigates various scripts regarding the occurrences of signs that have mir- ror symmetry along a central vertical line. The scripts belong to one of the following three script families: the Phoenician script family, the Minoan-Mycenaean script family, and the Indus Valley script family. It is shown that many scripts in these script families contain a high percentage of signs that have mirror symmetry. Moreover, the scripts within the Phoenician and the Minoan- Mycenaean script families show a tendency of increased percentage of mirror-symmetric signs over time. For example, while the Phoenician Alphabet contains 40.9 percent mirror-symmetric signs, one of its descendants, the Euclidean Greek Alphabet, contains 59.3 percent mirror-symmetric signs. The paper also identifies the boustrophedonic way of writing and religious writings with a deliberate mirroring as an afterlife symbolism as possible causes of the increased use of mirror- symmetric signs.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

44

Daggumati, Shruti, and Peter Z. Revesz. "A method of identifying allographs in undeciphered scripts and its application to the Indus Valley Script." Humanities and Social Sciences Communications 8, no. 1 (February 17, 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/s41599-021-00713-0.

Full text

Abstract:

AbstractThis work describes a general method of testing for redundancies in the sign lists of ancient scripts by data mining the positions of the signs within the inscriptions. The redundant signs are allographs of the same grapheme. The method is applied to the undeciphered Indus Valley Script, which stands out from other ancient scripts by having a large proposed sign list that contains dozens of asymmetric signs that have mirrored pairs. By a statistical analysis of mirrored asymmetric signs, this paper shows that the Indus Valley Script was multi-directional and the mirroring of signs often denotes only the direction of writing without any difference in meaning. For this and five other specific reasons listed in the paper, 50 pairs of signs, 23 mirrored, and 27 non-mirrored, can be grouped together because each pair consists of only insignificant variations of the same original sign. The reduced sign list may make decipherment easier in the future.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

45

Kothari, Gunjan, Bobby Jatav, Om Bhimani, and Prof Sunita Bangal. "Exploring OCR for Historical Document Preservation (Indus Script)." INTERANTIONAL JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH IN ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT 07, no. 09 (September 1, 2023). http://dx.doi.org/10.55041/ijsrem25807.

Full text

Abstract:

This research paper explores the critical role of Optical Character Recognition (OCR) in the preservation and analysis of historical documents, focusing on the intriguing case of the Indus Valley Civilization's script. The Indus Valley Civilization, thriving from 2600 to 1900 BCE, left artifacts in the form of intricately carved Indus seals adorned with mysterious symbols. The writing on these seals, known as the Indus script, remains a puzzle yet to be solved, presenting a challenge for researchers to uncover the secrets of this ancient civilization. The application of OCR technology shows promises as a systematic approach to analyse and digitize these enigmatic symbols. However, the unique complexities of the Indus script, such as its undeciphered nature, lack of reference points, syntax and grammar variations, and differences in carving styles, pose significant obstacles. This project holds immense importance on two fronts. Firstly, it enables the creation of a dataset containing symbols from Indus seals, providing a valuable resource for data scientists to develop OCR algorithms and advance research in this field. Secondly, it necessitates the development of OCR algorithms specifically tailored for deciphering the Indus script, pushing the boundaries of pattern recognition and natural language processing techniques. Once digitized, the script opens up possibilities for text mining and linguistic analysis. By studying patterns and relationships between symbols and linguistic features within the script, insights into events and cultural aspects can be gained, potentially establishing connections with known linguistic families. Moreover, this project encourages collaboration across various fields, including data science, archaeology, linguistics, and history. This interdisciplinary collaboration fosters problem-solving and a comprehensive understanding of the subject matter. Additionally, this project provides outreach opportunities to showcase the impact of data science in deciphering ancient writings while promoting the preservation and research of our rich cultural heritage. The study emphasizes the potential for OCR to unlock historical mysteries and highlights the interdisciplinary efforts required to advance the field of historical document analysis and preservation.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

46

"Statistically speaking, Indus script is a language." Physics Today, April 27, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/pt.4.0677.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

47

Venkatesh, Varun, and Ali Farghaly. "Statistical models for identifying missing and unclear signs of the Indus script." Journal of Emerging Investigators, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.59720/22-256.

Full text

Abstract:

A writing system was developed between 2500 and 1800 BCE in the Indus Valley civilization in the Indian subcontinent and remains undeciphered. Indus script texts found so far in the archeological digs from this civilization are limited in number and include a lot of damaged artifacts with missing and unclear signs. Identifying the missing and unclear signs and extending the Indus text corpus will aid the researchers in deciphering this script. This work aimed to predict the missing and unclear signs using n-gram Markov chain models using the Interactive Corpus of Indus Texts (ICIT) text corpus. First, we analyzed patterns and concordances of the signs, pairs, triplets, and other n-grams and discovered the positional behavior of signs in the Indus texts. With that understanding, we built Markov chain language models based on n-grams, augmented with sign positional probabilities. Since signs could be missing in any location of the texts, we devised and implemented effective sign fill-in algorithms on top of these Markov chain models. Using the language models and the sign fill-in algorithms, we tuned our models and predicted single signs that were deliberately removed from complete texts with about 63% accuracy. Then we used the best model and our tuned parameters to predict missing and unclear single signs in about 100 texts. The statistical methods we described here improve our understanding of the Indus script. Filling in the missing signs makes the corpus more complete and helps contribute to the broader decipherment effort.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

48

"5000-year-old Indus script part of written language." New Scientist 202, no. 2706 (April 2009): 14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0262-4079(09)61164-7.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

49

H Muhammad, Mahaveer. "The Alphabet of Sindhu Prakrit (The Decipherment of Indus Script)." SSRN Electronic Journal, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4134566.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

50

Ansumali Mukhopadhyay, Bahata. "Semantic scope of Indus inscriptions comprising taxation, trade and craft licensing, commodity control and access control: archaeological and script-internal evidence." Humanities and Social Sciences Communications 10, no. 1 (December 19, 2023). http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/s41599-023-02320-7.

Full text

Abstract:

AbstractThis article studies the semantic scope of the yet undeciphered Indus script inscriptions, which are mostly found on tiny seals, sealings, and tablets. Building on previous structural analyses, which reveal that Indus script was semasiographic and/or logographic in nature, this study analyses the combinatorial patterns of Indus script signs, and the geographical distribution of the inscriptions, to establish that the inscriptions did not encode any proper noun, such as anthroponyms, toponyms, or names of specific organizations. Analyzing various archaeological contexts of the inscribed objects—e.g., seals found concentrated near city gates (e.g., Harappa), craft workshops (e.g., Chanhu-daro), and public buildings (e.g., Mohenjo-daro), often along with standardized Indus weights that were used for taxation; sealings attached to various storage containers and locking systems of “warehouse” chambers as indicated by their reverse-side impressions (e.g., the sealings of Lothal “warehouse”); inscribed sealing-pendants of Kanmer, conjectured to be passports/gate-passes by archaeologists; and seals with identical inscriptions often found from distant settlements—this study claims that the inscribed stamp-seals were primarily used for enforcing certain rules involving taxation, trade/craft control, commodity control and access control. Considering typological and functional differences between the seals and tablets, and analyzing certain numerical and metrological notations ("Image missing", "Image missing", "Image missing", "Image missing") typically found at the reverse sides of many two-sided tablets whose obverse sides contain seal-like inscriptions, this study argues that such tablets were possibly trade/craft/commodity-specific licenses issued to tax-collectors, traders, and artisans. These reverse-side tablet inscriptions possibly encoded certain standardized license fees for certain fixed license slabs, whereas their obverse-side inscriptions specified the commercial activities licensed to the tablet-bearers. These seals/tablets were possibly issued by certain guilds of merchants/artisans, and/or region-based rulers or governing bodies, who collaborated in the integration phase of IVC, to standardize certain taxation rules and trade/craft regulations across settlements. The seal/tablet iconographies might have been the emblems of the guilds, rulers, and/or governing bodies.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Journal articles on the topic 'Indus script'

Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles