Journal articles: 'Industrial gas burner'

1

Cavazzuti, Marco, Mauro A. Corticelli, Antonino Nuccio, and Bruno Zauli. "CFD analysis of a syngas-fired burner for ceramic industrial roller kiln." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science 227, no. 11 (2013): 2600–2609. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954406213477340.

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Kiln burners for industrial tile production are usually fuelled by methane gas. However, the interest towards the use of coal or synthesis gases is rapidly increasing, mainly due to the opening of important markets in developing countries. The widely variable chemical composition of these fuels demands the gas burner to be adapted on case-by-case basis, since the firing parameters are strictly fixed, to guarantee the required temperature distribution within the kiln. In this context, computational fluid dynamics analysis represents a very convenient alternative to the traditional design based on experiments. In this article three-dimensional numerical predictions are presented for a syngas-fired burner. Three different fuels, two burner layouts and two burner nominal power are considered. Temperature, velocity and oxygen mass fraction distributions are discussed, and general design lines for low lower heating value gas burners are extracted.

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Moreno-Soriano, Roberto, Froylan Soriano-Moranchel, Luis Armando Flores-Herrera, Juan Manuel Sandoval-Pineda, and Rosa de Guadalupe González-Huerta. "Thermal Efficiency of Oxyhydrogen Gas Burner." Energies 13, no. 20 (2020): 5526. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13205526.

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One of the main methods used to generate thermal energy is the combustion process. Burners are used in both industrial and residential applications of the open combustion process. The use of fuels that reduce polluting gas emissions and costs in industrial and residential processes is currently a topic of significant interest. Hydrogen is considered an attractive fuel for application in combustion systems due to its high energy density, wide flammability range, and only produces water vapor as waste. Compared to research conducted regarding hydrocarbon combustion, studies on hydrogen burners have been limited. This paper presents the design and evaluation of an oxyhydrogen gas burner for the atmospheric combustion process. The gas is generated in situ with an alkaline electrolyzer with a production rate of up to 3 sL min−1. The thermal efficiency of a gas burner is defined as the percentage of the input thermal energy transferred to the desired load with respect to a given time interval. The experimental results show a thermal efficiency of 30% for a minimum flow rate of 1.5 sL min−1 and 76% for a flow rate of 3.5 sL min−1. These results relate to a 10 mm height between the burner surface and heated container.

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Rojas, Freddy J., Fernando Jimenez, and Luis Napan. "Energy design and experimental evaluation of an industrial burner to natural gas." Renewable Energy and Power Quality Journal 19 (September 2021): 171–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.24084/repqj19.248.

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This research is focused on the design and experimental evaluation of a high-power industrial burner supplied by natural gas at an operating pressure of 23 mbar, based on improving thermal efficiency with a variation in geometric parameters. The specific objectives of the work were the following: Define the calculation procedure to establish the geometric characteristics of the burner, determine the thermal efficiency define a test procedure for the tests of thermal efficiency and finally analyse the data obtained from the power, thermal efficiency, and fuel consumption of the designed burners. This investigation will be preliminarily presented for a three-part burner.

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Cabelli, A., I. G. Pearson, I. C. Shepherd, and D. H. Collins. "Control of Noise from an Industrial Gas Fired Burner." Noise Control Engineering Journal 29, no. 2 (1987): 38. http://dx.doi.org/10.3397/1.2827689.

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Panwar, N. L., B. L. Salvi, and V. Siva Reddy. "Performance evaluation of producer gas burner for industrial application." Biomass and Bioenergy 35, no. 3 (2011): 1373–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biombioe.2010.12.046.

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Bee´r, J. M., M. A. Toqan, J. M. Haynes, and R. W. Borio. "Development of the Radially Stratified Flame Core Low NOx Burner: From Fundamentals to Industrial Applications." Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power 126, no. 2 (2004): 248–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1688767.

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Research and development of the low NOx radially stratified flame core (RSFC) burner is followed from its fundamental concept through prototype burner design, pilot scale experiments at M.I.T. and scale-up and commercial design by ABB-CE (now ALSTOM Power) to applications in industrial and utility plant boilers. The principle that turbulence can be significantly damped in a rotating flow field with a strong positive radial density gradient was used to increase the fuel rich zone residence time in internally staged low NOx burners. The continuous interaction of ideas from laboratory experimental and computational studies with those from the commercial design and industrial scale tests played a pivotal role in the development of the final product, the commercial RSFC burner. Examples of application in gas, oil, and coal fired industrial and utility boilers are discussed.

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Jia, Zhenzhen, Qing Ye, Haizhen Wang, He Li, and Shiliang Shi. "Numerical Simulation of a New Porous Medium Burner with Two Sections and Double Decks." Processes 6, no. 10 (2018): 185. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr6100185.

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Porous medium burners are characterized by high efficiency and good stability. In this study, a new burner was proposed based on the combustion mechanism of the methane-air mixture in the porous medium and the preheating effect. The new burner is a two-section and double-deck porous medium with gas inlets at both ends. A mathematical model for the gas mixture combustion in the porous medium was established. The combustion performance of the burner was simulated under different equivalence ratios and inlet velocities of premixed gas. The methane combustion degree, as well as the temperature and pressure distribution, was estimated. In addition, the concentrations of emissions of NOx for different equivalence ratios were investigated. The results show that the new burner can not only realize sufficient combustion but also save energy. Furthermore, the emission concentration of NOx is very low. This study provides new insights into the industrial development and application of porous medium combustion devices.

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John, D. St, and G. S. Samuelsen. "Active, optimal control of a model industrial, natural gas-fired burner." Symposium (International) on Combustion 25, no. 1 (1994): 307–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0082-0784(06)80657-0.

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Relation, H. L., J. L. Battaglioli, and W. F. Ng. "Numerical Simulations of Nonreacting Flows for Industrial Gas Turbine Combustor Geometries." Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power 120, no. 3 (1998): 460–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2818167.

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This study evaluates the application of the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) to calculate the flowfields in industrial combustors. Two-burner test cases, which contain the elemental flow characteristics of an industrial gas turbine combustor, are studied. Comparisons were made between the standard k-epsilon turbulence model and a modified version of the k-epsilon turbulence model. The modification was based on the work of Chen and Kim in which a second time scale was added to the turbulent dissipation equation. Results from the CFD calculations were compared to experimental data. For the two-burner test cases under study, the standard k-epsilon model diffuses the swirl and axial momentum, which results in the inconsistent prediction of the location of the recirculation zone for both burner test cases. However, the modified k-epsilon model shows an improved prediction of the location, shape, and size of the primary centerline recirculation zone for both cases. The large swirl and axial velocity gradients, which are diffused by the standard k-epsilon; model, are preserved by the modified model, and good agreements were obtained between the calculated and measured axial and swirl velocities. The overprediction of turbulent eddy viscosity in regions of high shear, which is characteristic of the standard k-epsilon model, is controlled by the modified turbulence model.

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Wang, Zhi Hua, and Shi Hong Zhang. "Research on Exhaust Gas Temperature inside Catalytic Honeycomb Monolith Channel of Natural Gas Burner Start-up." Advanced Materials Research 621 (December 2012): 223–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.621.223.

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This article discussed exhaust gas temperature and pollutant emissions characteristics of the combustion of rich natural gas-air mixtures in Pd metal based honeycomb monoliths in burner during the period of start-up process. The burner need to be ignited by gas phase combustion with the excessive air coefficient (a) at 1.3. The experimental results in catalytic monolith can be explained from SPFR. In this experiment, exhaust gas temperature and pollutant emissions were measured by thermocouple K of diameter 0.5 and the analyser every 1 minute, respectively. The finding would be applied for industrial catalytic combustion process start-up.

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Chai, Almon. "Simulations on Modified Burner Configuration Using CFD." Applied Mechanics and Materials 465-466 (December 2013): 510–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.465-466.510.

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The findings of computational fluid dynamics simulation results performed on an industrial roller-kiln are presented here. The modification was emphasized on the temperature distribution during the drying process of ceramic-tiles. A computational fluid-dynamics solver was used in the modeling and simulation of the temperature distribution. Boundary conditions for the burners were setup with different temperature outputs for the burners, indicated as initial settings and modified burner configuration settings. The simulation results were shown in contour-plots, demonstrating consistent heat circulation throughout the drying chamber near the burner regions. The comparison of initial and secondary simulation results also demonstrated consistent temperature distribution near the ceramic-tiles region within the drying chamber. This consistency in heat transfer has proven that similar temperature can be achieved with less gas, despite the change in burner-temperature configuration.

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Bukhmirov, V. V., A. V. Sadchikov, A. A. Sadchikov, E. N. Temlyantseva, and E. N. Bushuev. "Burner development for efficient combustion of biogas." Vestnik IGEU, no. 6 (December 28, 2020): 5–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.17588/2072-2672.2020.6.005-013.

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Now in metallurgical production energy resources demand is almost completely satisfied by gaseous fuel. Biogas obtained during organic waste processing is considered as an alternative and cheaper type of fuel. The experience of biogas application has shown that in most modern burners decrease of efficiency and limitation of the range of load regulation is observed. To apply biogas in an industrial environment, it is necessary to develop burners and the methods of its combustion, which provide a high combustion efficiency, as well as a higher energy conversion efficiency. The authors have used the results of gas analysis of biogas obtained in the process of anaerobic decomposition process of organic waste in the reactors of a bioenergy plant. Methods of mathematical statistics with the use of regression analysis of experimental data were used to assess the indicators of the energy efficiency of the gas burner. The possibility of using biogas and landfill gas in the process of roasting, blast-furnace smelting, production of rolled products and steel, as well as heat treatment of metal has been experimentally proven. The properties and composition of biogas at the outlet of the methanogenesis reactor of the bioenergy plant “EcoVoltAgro” are described. A new design of a gas burner is proposed. In this model the efficiency of mixture formation and the completeness of combustion of the flow of a methane-containing gas mixture are significantly increased (up to 32 %) due to the effect of rotation of the perforated pipelines of the gas inlet pipe. On the basis of the results of the full-scale experiment, the optimal values of the gas-air mixture supply rate, the temperature of the supplied air, the volume fraction of methane were determined in order to obtain the largest width of the zone of deviations of the permissible concentrations of carbon dioxide. The use of the designed gas burner provides energy-efficient combustion of biogas in metallurgical furnaces, kilns, and dryers, as well as in any steam and hot water boilers.

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Zhang, Xi Lai, and Wei Yao. "Heat Recovery and Burner Modification of an Industrial Tubular Furnace." Applied Mechanics and Materials 737 (March 2015): 296–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.737.296.

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The air preheater was installed on the furnace to decrease the exhaust gas temperature and heat the air to about 290°C. A radiant cylinder was added to the radiation section. Swirl flames were formed by adjusting the shape and the installation angles of the burner flame tubes. The radiation heat transfer was strengthened and the heat absorption was enhanced in the radiation section, while the temperature at the outlet of the furnace was decreased. Thus energy was saved by 16.7%.

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14

Karim, H., K. Lyle, S. Etemad, et al. "Advanced Catalytic Pilot for Low NOx Industrial Gas Turbines." Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power 125, no. 4 (2003): 879–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1586313.

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This paper describes the design and testing of a catalytically stabilized pilot burner for current and advanced Dry Low NOx (DLN) gas turbine combustors. In this paper, application of the catalytic pilot technology to industrial engines is described using Solar Turbines’ Taurus 70 engine. The objective of the work described is to develop the catalytic pilot technology and document the emission benefits of catalytic pilot technology when compared to higher, NOx producing pilots. The catalytic pilot was designed to replace the existing pilot in the existing DLN injector without major modification to the injector. During high-pressure testing, the catalytic pilot showed no incidence of flashback or autoignition while operating over wide range of combustion temperatures. The catalytic reactor lit off at a temperature of approximately 598 K (325°C/617°F) and operated at simulated 100% and 50% load conditions without a preburner. At high pressure, the maximum catalyst surface temperature was similar to that observed during atmospheric pressure testing and considerably lower than the surface temperature expected in lean-burn catalytic devices. In single-injector rig testing, the integrated assembly of the catalytic pilot and Taurus 70 injector demonstrated NOx and CO emission less than 5 ppm @ 15% O2 for 100% and 50% load conditions along with low acoustics. The results demonstrate that a catalytic pilot burner replacing a diffusion flame or partially premixed pilot in an otherwise DLN combustor can enable operation at conditions with substantially reduced NOx emissions.

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15

Chaelek, Aekkaphon, Usa Makmool Grare, and Sumrerng Jugjai. "Self-aspirating/air-preheating porous medium gas burner." Applied Thermal Engineering 153 (May 2019): 181–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2019.02.109.

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16

Andrews, G. E., H. S. Alkabie, M. M. Abdul Aziz, et al. "High-Intensity Burners with Low Nox Emissions." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part A: Journal of Power and Energy 206, no. 1 (1992): 3–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/pime_proc_1992_206_003_02.

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Experimental combustion and NOx emissions results are summarized for a range of jet shear layer combustion systems that have rapid fuel and air mixing, short intense flames, a high turn-down ratio and low NOx characteristics. Two burner sizes of 76 and 140 mm are investigated for propane and natural gas. Three jet shear layer burners are compared with axial and radial swirlers. The combustion techniques were developed for application to low NOx combustion systems for industrial gas turbines, where NOx emissions as low as 10 ppm at 15 per cent oxygen have been demonstrated. It is shown that at one bar pressure, gas turbine combustors and high-intensity burners operate at similar air flow, blockage and pressure loss conditions.

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17

Krittacom, Bundit, and Suradech Sinjapo. "Thermal Efficiency of Domestic Cooking-Gas Burner Using Open-Cellular Porous Media in the Case of Varied Outlet Diameter of Mixing Tube." Key Engineering Materials 801 (May 2019): 357–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.801.357.

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The domestic cooking-gas burner consumed the highest amount of Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) not over 5.78 kW ( 280 mmH2O) based on Thailand Industrial Standard (TIS 2312-2549) is modified by using the open-cellular porous media. The Nickel-Chrome (Ni-Cr) with pores per inch (PPI) of 8.5 and porosity (ε) of 0.92 is selected as porous media. To investigate the performance of a new cooking-gas porous burner, three outlet diameters of mixing tube (Dout) between primary air and LPG, i.e., 27, 35 and 43 mm., are examined. The temperatures at bottom vessel (TV) and water (TW) are monitored. The exhaust gas (CO and NOX) is also observed. Thermal efficiency (η) of three modified burners are estimated in accordance with TIS 2312-2549. From the experiment, the TVis increased with Doutleading to the boiling time (t) of TWfor reaching to about 99°C (depend on TIS 2312-2549) in the case of Dout= 43 mm gives the fastest. The CO and NOXof all burners are not difference and are in relative low level: CO is in the range of 140 to 180 ppm and NOXis not over 70 ppm. The ηthis raised with increasing Doutin which yield as 47.53, 52.86 and 54.77% for Doutof 27, 35 and 43 mm., respectively.

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18

Polifke, W., P. Flohr, and M. Brandt. "Modeling of Inhomogeneously Premixed Combustion With an Extended TFC Model." Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power 124, no. 1 (2000): 58–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1394964.

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In many practical applications, so-called premixed burners do not achieve perfect premixing of fuel and air. Instead, fuel injection pressure is limited, the permissible burner pressure drop is small and mixing lengths are curtailed to reduce the danger of flashback. Furthermore, internal or external piloting is frequently employed to improve combustion stability, while part-load operation often requires burner staging, where neighboring burners operate with unequal fuel/air equivalence ratios. In this report, an extension of the turbulent flame speed closure (TFC) model for highly turbulent premixed combustion is presented, which allows application of the model to the case of inhomogeneously premixed combustion. The extension is quite straightforward, i.e., the dependence of model parameters on mixture fraction is accounted for by providing appropriate lookup tables or functional relationships to the model. The model parameters determined in this way are adiabatic flame temperature, laminar flame speed and critical gradient. The model has been validated against a test case from the open literature and applied to an externally piloted industrial gas turbine burner with good success.

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Djordjevic, Neda, Peter Habisreuther, and Nikolaos Zarzalis. "Flame Stabilization and Emissions of a Natural Gas/Air Ceramic Porous Burner." Advanced Materials Research 47-50 (June 2008): 105–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.47-50.105.

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Increasingly stringent regulations for limiting pollutant emissions for both aircraft and industrial gas turbines enforce further reduction of NOx emissions while maintaining flame stability. Application of premixed flames offers the possibility to reduce these emissions, but nevertheless it is strongly connected with flame instability risks. A possible solution to ensure the stability of premixed flames is to provide enhanced heat recirculation employing porous inert material. Experimental determination of flame stability and emissions of a porous burner containing a reticulate ceramic sponge structure are reported and the influence of the structural properties of the porous matrix on stable operating range was investigated. It was found, that the flame stability limit was significantly higher compared with free flame burners and nitric oxide (NOx) emissions were below 10 ppm for all cases.

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Han, Jiade, Lingbo Zhu, Yiping Lu, Yu Mu, Azeem Mustafa, and Yajun Ge. "Numerical Simulation of Combustion in 35 t/h Industrial Pulverized Coal Furnace with Burners Arranged on Front Wall." Processes 8, no. 10 (2020): 1272. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr8101272.

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Coal-fired industrial boilers should operate across a wide range of loads and with a higher reduction of pollutant emission in China. In order to achieve these tasks, a physical model including two swirling burners on the front wall and boiler furnace was established for a 35 t/h pulverized coal-fired boiler. Based on Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) theory and the commercial software ANSYS Fluent, mathematical modeling was used to simulate the flow and combustion processes under 75% and 60% load operating conditions. The combustion characteristics in the furnace were obtained. The flue gas temperature simulation results were in good agreement with experimental data. The simulation results showed that there was a critical distance L along the direction of the furnace depth (x) and Hc along the direction of the furnace height (y) on the burner axis. When x < L, the concentration of NO decreased sharply as the height increased. When y < Hc, the NO concentration decreased sharply with an increase in the y coordinate, while increasing dramatically with an area-weighted average gas temperature increase in the swirl combustion zone. This study provides a basis for optimizing the operation of nitrogen-reducing combustion and the improvement of burner structures.

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Carroni, Richard, Timothy Griffin, and Greg Kelsall. "Cathlean: catalytic, hybrid, lean-premixed burner for gas turbines." Applied Thermal Engineering 24, no. 11-12 (2004): 1665–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2003.10.029.

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Sanjaya, Ari Susandy, S. Suhartono, and Herri Susanto. "Pemanfaatan gasifikasi batubara untuk unit pengeringan teh." Jurnal Teknik Kimia Indonesia 5, no. 2 (2018): 443. http://dx.doi.org/10.5614/jtki.2006.5.2.6.

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Coal gasification utilization for tea drying unit. Anticipating the rise of fuel oil, the management of a tea plantation and drying plant has considered to substitute its oil consumption with producer gas (gaseous fuel obtained from gasification process). A tea drying unit normally consumes 70 L/h of industrial diesel oil and is operated 10 hours per day. The gasification unit consisted of a down draft fixed bed gasifier (designed capacity of about 100 kg/h), gas cooling and cleaning systems. The gas producer was delivered to the tea processing unit and burned to heat the drying oil: Low calorific value coal (4500 kcal/kg) and wood waste (4000 kcal/kg) have been used as fuel. The gasification unit could be operated as long as 8 hours without refueled since the coal hopper on the toppart of gasifier has a capacity of 1000 kg. Sometimes, the gasification process must be stopped before coal completely consumed due to ash melting inside the gasifier. Combustion of producer gas produced a pale-blue flame, probably due to a lower calorific value of the producer gas or too much excess air. Temperature of heating-air heated by combustion of this producer gas was only up to 96 oC. To achieve the target temperature of 102 oC, a small oil burner must he operated at a rate ofabout 15 L/h. Thus the oil replacement was about 78%.Keywords: Fuel oil, Producer gas, Downdraft gasifier, Dual fuel, Calorific value, Burner. AbstrakKenaikan harga bahan bakar minyak untuk industri pada awal 2006 telah mendorong berbagai pemikiran dan upaya pemanfaatan bahan bakar alternatif. Sebuah unit gasifikasi telah dipasang di pabrik teh sebagai penyedia bahan bakar alternatif. Unit gasifikasi tersebut terdiri dari gasifier, pendingin, pembersih gas, dan blower. Unit gasifikasi ini ditargetkan untuk dapat menggantikan konsumsi minyak bakar 70 L/jam. Gasifier dirancang untuk kapasitas 120 kg/jam batubara, dan memiliki spesifikasi sebagai berikut: downdraft gasifier; diameter tenggorokan 40 cm, diameter zona reduksi 80 cm. Bunker di bagian atas gasifier memiliki kapasitas sekitar 1000 kg batubara agar gasifier dapat dioperasikan selama 8 jam tanpa pengisian-ulang. Bahan baku gasifikasi yang telah diuji-coba adalah batuhara kalori rendah (4500 kcal/kg) dan limbah kayu (4000 kcal/kg). Gas produser (hasil gasifikasi) dibakar pada burner untuk memanaskan udara pengering teh sampai temperatur target 102 oC. Pembakaran gas produser ternyata menghasilkan api biru pucat yang mungkin disebabkan oleh rendahnya kalor bakar gas dan tingginya udara-lebih. Temperatur udara pengering hasil pemanasan dengan api gas produser hanya mencapai 96 oC. Dan untuk mencapai temperatur udara pengering 102 oC, burner gas prod user harus dibantu dengan burner minyak 15 L/jam. Jadi operasi dual fued ini dapat memberi penghematan minyak bakar 78%.Kata kunci: Minyak bakar, Gas produser, Downdraft gasifier, Dual fuel, Kalor bakar, Burner.

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Rangel, Dr Leonardo P., L. M. Fletcher, M. Pourkashanian, and A. Williams. "EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATIONS OF COUNTERFLOW DOUBLE FLAMES APPLICABLE TO AN INDUSTRIAL NATURAL GAS-FIRED BURNER." Clean Air: International Journal on Energy for a Clean Environment 7, no. 3 (2006): 187–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1615/interjenercleanenv.v7.i3.10.

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Andreini, Antonio, Bruno Facchini, Alessandro Innocenti, and Matteo Cerutti. "Numerical Analysis of a Low NOx Partially Premixed Burner for Industrial Gas Turbine Applications." Energy Procedia 45 (2014): 1382–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.egypro.2014.01.145.

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De Toni, Amir, Thamy Hayashi, and Paulo Schneider. "A reactor network model for predicting NOx emissions in an industrial natural gas burner." Journal of the Brazilian Society of Mechanical Sciences and Engineering 35, no. 3 (2013): 199–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40430-013-0039-5.

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He, Jinqiao, Zhengchun Chen, Xin Jiang, and Chun Leng. "Combustion characteristics of blast furnace gas in porous media burner." Applied Thermal Engineering 160 (September 2019): 113970. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2019.113970.

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Nash, F. "The Development and First Commercial Application of an Innovative Diesel Engine Based Cogeneration System." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part A: Journal of Power and Energy 206, no. 3 (1992): 197–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/pime_proc_1992_206_030_02.

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This paper covers the development of a cogeneration (combined heat and power) system based upon a compression ignition, reciprocating, internal combustion engine and a standard three-pass economic shell-and-tube industrial boiler as well as the first commercial application of the system. An innovative feature of this cogeneration system is that additional fuel is burnt to utilize the free oxygen in the engine exhaust gas (a practice common with gas turbines but rarely attempted with reciprocating engines) to provide a significant, fuel-efficient and easily variable increase in the high-quality heat, that is steam, output from the system. The initial development work was done in 1983 using heavy fuel oil as the fuel to both engine and burner, while the first commercial application in 1988 utilizes a dual-fuel engine (gas and diesel oil pilot or diesel oil) and dual firing of the exhaust gas duct burner with gas or diesel oil.

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Wang, Mingyu, Jing Zhao, Feihong Guo, Lingli Zhu, Dekui Shen, and Xiaoxiang Jiang. "Numerical simulation on the emission of NOx from the combustion of natural gas in the sidewall burner." Thermal Science, no. 00 (2021): 61. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/tsci200916061w.

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The NOx produced from industrial facilities is a serious environmental problem in China. In this work, the NOx emission from the combustion of natural gas in the sidewall burner was investigated by using computational fluid dynamics method. To achieve the low-NOx emission, the sidewall burner structure was optimized involving the width of the primary premixed gas outlet, the secondary fuel gas nozzles number and angular spacing. The mixing rate of fuel gas and air could be improved by increasing the width of primary premixed gas outlet, and the lowest NOx emission of 32.8 ppm was achieved at the width of 8 mm. The NOx emission was remarkably reduced with the increasing of nozzles number, where 28.33 ppm of NOx emission and 357.35 ppm of CO were obtained at 4 nozzles. The combustion performance and NOx emission was improved as well as NOx emission was reduced at the angular spacing of 55?, compared to that of 30?, 35?, 40?, 45?, 50? and 60?.

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Srisathit, Suttikiat, and Panya Aroonjarattham. "The Effects of High Pressure Gas Burner Parameters on Thermal Efficiency for 2014 International Conference on Machining, Materials and Mechanical Technology (IC3MT)." Key Engineering Materials 656-657 (July 2015): 729–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.656-657.729.

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The KB 5 high pressure gas burners are popularly and widely used at the food stands in Thailand. The gas burner models are of various properties depending on the each factory’s design. The differences of the designs affect the Liquid Petroleum Gas (LPG) consumption to a different extent. This study aimed to evaluate the parameters: the degrees of outer and inner ports; and the number of outer and inner ports of high pressure gas burners which are sold in Thailand. The thermal efficiency was tested with reference to the Standard Industrial stoves in household with liquid petroleum gas (TIS 2312-2549). The result showed that, by increasing the degrees of outer ports from 45 to 80, the thermal efficiency increased by 0.24%; while by increasing the degrees of inner ports from 50 to 60, the thermal efficiency increased 0.11%. By increasing the number of the outer ports from 35 to 38, the thermal efficiency increased 0.44%; while by increasing the number of inner ports from 9 to 15, the thermal efficiency increased by 0.22%. The development of high pressure gas burners should focus on adjusting the degrees and number of inner and outer ports for the overall improvement of the thermal efficiency.

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Halliwell, N. A., and G. K. Hargrave. "Optical engineering: Diagnostics for industrial applications." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science 217, no. 6 (2003): 597–617. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/095440603321919545.

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Optical engineering uses research and development of laser technology, modern photonic detection/imaging systems and optical metrology for engineering applications. It has produced a wide range of processes and techniques from high-power laser material processing to high-sensitivity metrology and has applications in every industrial sector. Modern optical diagnostic techniques are providing new experimental and in situ data, which hitherto were considered to be unobtainable. Engineers are analysing these data in order to provide immediate design improvements in the performance of components. In addition, they use the data to refine theoretical/computer models of engineering processes, which in turn provide more accurate performance prediction. This paper introduces technology now available to the optical engineer and describes how it is being used to provide optical diagnostic techniques for both solid and fluid mechanics applications in industry. The gas industry has to deal with gas provision safely and efficiently from ‘drill bit to burner tip’ and has benefited significantly from optical engineering. Examples of optical diagnostic techniques and applications, which are used to improve this process, are described.

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Liu, Bo, Binbin Bao, Yuanhua Wang, and Hong Xu. "Numerical simulation of flow, combustion and NO emission of a fuel-staged industrial gas burner." Journal of the Energy Institute 90, no. 3 (2017): 441–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.joei.2016.03.005.

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Gao, Zihe, Xiangyong Yuan, Jie Ji, Yuanzhou Li, and Lizhong Yang. "Influence of stack effect on flame shapes of gas burner fires." Applied Thermal Engineering 127 (December 2017): 1574–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2017.08.110.

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Iurashev, Dmytro, Giovanni Campa, Vyacheslav V. Anisimov, Ezio Cosatto, Luca Rofi, and Edoardo Bertolotto. "Application of a three-step approach for prediction of combustion instabilities in industrial gas turbine burners." Journal of the Global Power and Propulsion Society 1 (July 21, 2017): JCW78T. http://dx.doi.org/10.22261/jcw78t.

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Abstract Recently, because of environmental regulations, gas turbine manufacturers are restricted to produce machines that work in the lean combustion regime. Gas turbines operating in this regime are prone to combustion-driven acoustic oscillations referred as combustion instabilities. These oscillations could have such high amplitude that they can damage gas turbine hardware. In this study, the three-step approach for combustion instabilities prediction is applied to an industrial test rig. As the first step, the flame transfer function (FTF) of the burner is obtained performing unsteady computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations. As the second step, the obtained FTF is approximated with an analytical time-lag-distributed model. The third step is the time-domain simulations using a network model. The obtained results are compared against the experimental data. The obtained results show a good agreement with the experimental ones and the developed approach is able to predict thermoacoustic instabilities in gas turbines combustion chambers.

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Demayo, T. N., M. M. Miyasato, and G. S. Samuelsen. "Hazardous air pollutant and ozone precursor emissions from a low-NOx natural gas-fired industrial burner." Symposium (International) on Combustion 27, no. 1 (1998): 1283–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0082-0784(98)80532-8.

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Sigfrid, Ivan R., Ronald Whiddon, Robert Collin, and Jens Klingmann. "Influence of reactive species on the lean blowout limit of an industrial DLE gas turbine burner." Combustion and Flame 161, no. 5 (2014): 1365–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.combustflame.2013.10.030.

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36

Tseng, Yen Kuei. "To Gain the Burning Efficiency by Improving the Mixing Condition of Oil and Gas." Advanced Materials Research 361-363 (October 2011): 861–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.361-363.861.

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In this research, the burner used in current industry is modified to improve the state of mixture for air and oil, so that the burning efficiency could be promoted to save fuel as well as reduce emissions of waste gas and waste heat. The way of operating this modified burner was same as the traditional one by inducing the air and oil with high pressure to the furnace, then mixing and burning the compound inside the chamber. Moreover, the construction of this modified burner was a bit different with an extra device call spoiler, which will be fixed in front end of the nozzle to create a turbulent flow for better mixing of inlet air and oil, so as to increase the burning efficiency. As the cone shape spoiler is set up onto the burner, it will seperate the inlet oil and gas inside and outside the cone , when the oil is injected from the nozzle with a high speed flow, the air inside the cone will be brought out and form a low pressure zone, in this time, if some tiny holes are punched on the wall of the cone, the inlet air outside the cone will leak inside and create a turbulent flow, which can improve the mixing condition of oil and gas and gain burning efficiency. As with the standard burner used in industrial furnaces for testing, comparing the average fuel consumption for unit hour and contrast the emissions of burner with and without installing spoiler, one can find that, the energy saving can effectively reach to 15%，while the emissions of NOxand SOxwere at the utmost reduced by 13% and 9%, respectively. The measured data of CO, CO2and waste heat expelling to environment were keeping the same, but actually they were low down when considering the total volume of inlet air diminished by 10%. The above results show that, with the spoiler attached, the burning system will have obvious benefit for energy saving and emissions reducing, and that really fit the goal of nowadays’ situation to live without energy deficit and environment impact.

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Bondrea, Dana Andreya, Lucian Mihaescu, Gheorghe Lazaroiu, Ionel Pisa, and Gabriel Negreanu. "Researches on the mixture limits of animal fats with liquid hydrocarbons for combustion at industrial level." E3S Web of Conferences 112 (2019): 02001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/201911202001.

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The experimental research has highlighted the variety of possibilities of combustion of animal fat from bovine and swine mixed with liquid hydrocarbons. Previous research has established that the upper limit for an efficient combustion was 30 %. For a perfect mixing, the lower temperature limit was set to 40 °C. In the fuel laboratory, at the department TMETF was determined the viscosity of the mixtures for different proportions. The values obtained for various concentrations and preheating temperatures were close to the values for liquid hydrocarbons. The experimental researches have studied the combustion of the mixture using a mechanically spraying burner with constant pressure between 14 and 18 bar. The aspiration of the mixture is done from a specially designed tank; this tank is equipped with an electric heater, in order to maintain the mixture at a constant temperature between 40 °C to 50 °C. After that, the burner heats again the mixture with an integrated heating device up to 75 °C. The burner is also equipped with an air blower, pump and a calibrated nozzle. The combustion resulted from the experimental boiler with a power rated to 55 kW were monitored with a thermal vision camera and an exhaust gas analyser. This research has demonstrated the viability of using this type of mixtures in energetic burning equipment designed for liquid hydrocarbons.

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Fox, T. G., and B. C. Schlein. "Full Annular Rig Development of the FT8 Gas Turbine Combustor." Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power 114, no. 1 (1992): 27–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2906303.

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The results of developmental testing in a high-pressure, full annular combustion section of the FT8 industrial gas turbine are presented. Base power conditions were simulated at approximately 60 percent of burner pressure. All aspects of combustion performance with liquid fuel were investigated, including starting, blowout, exit temperature signature, emissions, smoke, and liner wall temperature. Configurational change were made to improve liner cooling, reduce emissions, adjust pressure loss, and modify exit temperature profile. The effects of water injection on emissions and performance were evaluated in the final test run. Satisfactory performance in all areas was demonstrated with further refinements to be carried out during developmental engine testing.

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Teotia, Shivam, Vinod Kumar Yadav, Shubham Sharma, and Jagdish Prasad Yadav. "Effect of porosity and loading height on the performance of household LPG gas stoves." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part E: Journal of Process Mechanical Engineering 235, no. 4 (2021): 997–1004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954408920987024.

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In the present work, the effect of porosity and loading height on the performance of the domestic gas burners, using LPG as fuel, is studied extensively through experimentation. Water Boiling Test (Version 4.2.3) as per the recommendations of International Organization for Standardisation International Workshop Agreement (ISO-IWA) is adopted to determine the thermal efficiency of the domestic gas stove. It is observed that, by increasing the number of holes in intermediate and innermost rows by about 96% and 73%, the pitch gets reduced by 58% and 65% respectively. Due to increased porosity, the thermal efficiency in hot and cold phase is increased by about 30% and in simmer phase the thermal efficiency is increased by about 26%. In addition to this, it is also observed that there exists an optimum height for keeping the container over the gas burner (loading height) up to which the thermal efficiency increases and beyond that, the thermal efficiency drops significantly. The optimum loading height for cold and hot phase is 14.1, and 14.6 mm respectively for the LPG cookstove used in present work (1–3 kW). The thermal efficiency at cold and hot phase, while running the gas stove with stand (11.25 mm) is reduced by about 18.5 and 16.5% respectively compared to the optimum loading height of 14.1 and 14.6 mm respectively.

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Demayo, T. N., V. G. McDonell, and G. S. Samuelsen. "Robust active control of combustion stability and emissions performance in a fuel-staged natural-gas-fired industrial burner." Proceedings of the Combustion Institute 29, no. 1 (2002): 131–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1540-7489(02)80021-9.

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Edwards, C. F., and P. J. Goix. "Effect of Fuel Gas Composition and Excess Air on VOC Emissions from a Small-Scale, Industrial-Style Burner." Combustion Science and Technology 116-117, no. 1-6 (1996): 375–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00102209608935555.

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Su, Ya Xin, and Wen Hui Wang. "Influence of Preheated Air Temperature on High Temperature Air Combustion in Furnace with Swirling Burner: a Modeling Study." Advanced Materials Research 354-355 (October 2011): 315–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.354-355.315.

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The high temperature air combustion performance of natural gas in an industrial furnace with a swirling burner was numerically modeled. A Beta function PDF (Probability Density Function) combustion model was selected to simulate the gas combustion combined with the Reynolds Stress Model (RSM) to simulate the turbulent flow. The radiation was simulated by a Discrete Ordinates method. The NO chemistry was simulated by thermal NO model. The simulation was performed at inlet air oxygen fraction 8% and the total air excess ratio 1.1 for natural gas. The effect of preheated air temperature on NO emission, temperature, O2 and CO distribution in the furnace was investigated. Results showed that thermal NO emission increased when the preheated air temperature increased from 1073 K to 1473K. When the preheated air temperature increased, both of the maximum and averaged temperature in the furnace increased. The oxygen was consumed by the formation of thermal NO at higher inlet air temperature and the fuel was not fully burnt out.

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Dinda, Soumitra Kumar, and Kinnor Chattopadhyay. "Numerical Modeling of Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC) Emissions during Preheating of Magnesia-Carbon Bricks in a Basic Oxygen Furnace." Metals 10, no. 10 (2020): 1277. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met10101277.

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The refractory preheating process in oxygen furnaces is a dynamic input of energy in a chemically complex system requiring special attention to chemical emissions relative to permissible release limits. This particular industrial and regulatory interest is the emission of volatile organic compounds (VOC), given their detrimental impacts on human health. In the present work, a mathematical model was developed to predict the emission rates of volatile organics during the preheating of a 260-ton basic oxygen furnace. A numerical heat transfer model was developed using finite difference techniques to obtain the thermal profile and then integrated with chemical thermodynamics using FactSage 7.0 (CRCT, Polytechnique Montreal Quebec Canada, H3C 3A7). The parameters that affected VOC emissions were preheating process times, burner gas composition, heating rate, and burner geometry. Two different preheating procedures were compared, and emission rates were predicted with extended use of a top burner providing the greatest degree of emissions control. The mathematical model was validated against plant data with respect to average emission rates of CO, CO2, SOX, and NOX.

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Poskart, A., H. Radomiak, P. Niegodajew, M. Zajemska, and D. Musiał. "The Analysis of Nitrogen Oxides Formation During Oxygen - Enriched Combustion of Natural Gas." Archives of Metallurgy and Materials 61, no. 4 (2016): 1925–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/amm-2016-0309.

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Abstract This paper presents the study of oxygen–enriched combustion of natural gas and its impact on nitrogen oxides emission. The research were performed on two experimental stands, i.e. combustion chambers with an industrial swirl burner of maximum power equal to 90 kW and 10 kW. The investigation includes the influenced of oxygen enhanced within the range between 21% and 30%. Furthermore, the role of temperature during the oxygen enrichment was analysed. The results of the research showed that with the rise in oxygen concentration in the air the concentration of nitrogen oxides also increases what is directly related to the rise in flame temperature as well as the addition of oxygen.

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Hoffmann, S., B. Lenze, and H. Eickhoff. "Results of Experiments and Models for Predicting Stability Limits of Turbulent Swirling Flames." Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power 120, no. 2 (1998): 311–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2818122.

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Swirling flames are used in many industrial applications, such as process furnaces, boilers, and gas turbines due to their excellent mixing, stability, emission, and burnout characteristics. The wide-spread use of swirl burners in the process and energy industries and, in particular, new concepts for the reduction of NOx emissions, raises the need for simple-to-use models for predicting lean stability limits of highly turbulent flames stabilized by internal recirculation. Based on recently published experimental data of the first author concerning the reaction structures of swirling flames operating near the extinction limit, different methods for predicting lean blow-off limits have been developed and tested. The aim of the investigations was to find stabilization criteria that allow predictions of blow-off limits of highly turbulent recirculating flames without the requirement for measurements in those flames. Several similarity criteria based on volumetric flow rates, burner size, and material parameters of the cold gases were found to be capable of predicting stability limits of premixed and (in some cases) nonpremixed flames at varying swirl intensities, burner scales and fuel compositions. A previously developed numerical field model, combining, a k–ε model with a combined “assumed-shape joint-PDF”/eddy-dissipation reaction model was also tested for its potential for stability prediction.

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Bashirnezhad, K., S. Baghdar Hosseini, A. R. Moghiman, and Mohammad Moghiman. "Experimental Study on Combustion and Pollution Characteristic of Gas Oil and Biodiesel." Applied Mechanics and Materials 110-116 (October 2011): 99–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.110-116.99.

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The industrial development of the world has increased the demand of petroleum-based fuels sharply which are obtained from limited in certain regions of the world. As a result, most of the countries have to face energy crisis. Hence, it is necessary to look for alternative fuels which can be produced from resources available locally within the country. Lots of researches on biofuels such as alcohol, biodiesel and vegetable oils have been conducted to accelerate the development of a next generation of clean, green biofuels that can compete with fossil fuels in economics and well as performance. Biodiesel is a renewable, domestically produced fuel that has been shown to reduce particulate, hydrocarbon, and carbon monoxide emissions from combustion. In the present study an experimental investigation on emission characteristic of a liquid burner system operating on several percentage of biodiesel and gas oil is carried out. Samples of exhaust gas are analysed with Testo 350 Xl. The results show that biodiesel can lower some pollutant such as CO, CO2and particulate matter emissions while NOxemission would increase in comparison with gas oil. They also demonstrate growth in temperature of exhaust gas with increase of percentage of biodiesel from B0 to B40. The results indicate there may be benefits to using biodiesel in industrial processes.

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Su, Ya Xin, and Wen Hui Wang. "Combustion Performance and NO Emission in Industrial Furnace under Preheated Air Condition with Different Excess Air Ratio." Advanced Materials Research 402 (November 2011): 463–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.402.463.

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The effect of excess air ratio on combustion performance in an industrial furnace with a swirling burner was numerically modeled. The simulation was carried out at inlet oxygen fraction of 8% and a preheated air temperature of 1273 K for natural gas. The gas combustion process was calculated by a Beta function PDF (Probability Density Function) combustion model. The transportation of the turbulent flow in the furnace was modeled by Reynolds Stress Model (RSM). The radiation was simulated by a Discrete Ordinates method. The NO chemistry was simulated by thermal NO model. The effect of excess air ratio on NO emission, temperature, O2 and CO distribution in the furnace was investigated. Results showed that thermal NO emission increased from about 5 ppm to 70 ppm when the excess air ratio increased from 1.05 to 1.25. The burnout of natural gas was improved at increased excess air ratio, i.e., CO emission decreased. The maximum and average temperature in furnace did not change much at different excess air ratio. When the excess air ration is 1.1, both good burnout of fuel and low thermal NO emission (<15 ppm) were achieved.

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Sohn, Hong Yong, De-Qiu Fan, and Amr Abdelghany. "Design of Novel Flash Ironmaking Reactors for Greatly Reduced Energy Consumption and CO2 Emissions." Metals 11, no. 2 (2021): 332. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met11020332.

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The development of a novel ironmaking technology based on fine iron ore concentrate in a flash reactor is summarized. The design of potential industrial reactors for flash ironmaking based on the computational fluid dynamics technique is described. Overall, this simulation work has shown that the size of the reactor used in the novel flash ironmaking technology (FIT) can be quite reasonable vis-à-vis the blast furnaces. A flash reactor of 12 m diameter and 35 m height with a single burner operating at atmospheric pressure would produce 1.0 million tons of iron per year. The height can be further reduced by either using multiple burners, preheating the feed gas, or both. The computational fluid dynamics (CFD)-based design of potential industrial reactors for flash ironmaking pointed to a number of features that should be incorporated. The flow field should be designed in such a way that a larger portion of the reactor is used for the reduction reaction but at the same time excessive collision of particles with the wall must be avoided. Further, a large diameter-to-height ratio that still allows a high reduction degree should be used from the viewpoint of decreased heat loss. This may require the incorporation of multiple burners and solid feeding ports.

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Schmitz, N., C. Schwotzer, H. Pfeifer, J. Schneider, E. Cresci, and J. G. Wünning. "Development of an Energy-Efficient Burner for Heat Treatment Furnaces with a Reducing Gas Atmosphere." HTM Journal of Heat Treatment and Materials 72, no. 2 (2017): 73–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.3139/105.110314.

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Slefarski, Rafal, Pawel Czyzewski, and Michal Golebiewski. "Experimental study on combustion of CH4/NH3 fuel blends in an industrial furnace operated in flameless conditions." Thermal Science 24, no. 6 Part A (2020): 3625–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/tsci200401282s.

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This paper presents the results of an experimental study on the combustion process of methane mixed with NH3 in flameless mode. At a time of striving for CO2-free power, NH3 became a potential energy storage carrier fuel from renewable sources. Flameless combustion features low emissions and is a very efficient technology used in the power sector, as well as steel production, ceramics, etc. Industrial furnaces were tested in the context of pure methane combustion with an addition of NH3, up to 5%. Flameless combustion conditions were achieved with a regenerative gas burner system (high regenerative system). The burner consists of four ceramic regenerators allowing for continuous preheating of air, even up to 50 K lower than the temperature of the combustion chamber wall. Constant power of the introduced fuel was kept at 150 kW and the fuel-air equivalence ratio ranged from 0.75 to 0.95. The results have shown a growth of molar fraction of NO in flue gases when NH3 content in the fuel rose. The increase is more significant for the tests with a higher amount of oxygen in the combustion chamber (a lower fuel-air equivalence ratio). An addition of 5% of NH3 into the fuel caused an emission of NO at the levels of 113 ppmv and 462 ppmv (calculated to O2 = 0%), respectively for low and high fuel-air equivalence ratios.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Industrial gas burner'

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