Relevant bibliographies by topics / Industrial microscopy

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Industrial microscopy'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 1 August 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Industrial microscopy"

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Liu, J., and J. R. Ebner. "Nano-Characterization of Industrial Heterogeneous Catalysts." Microscopy and Microanalysis 4, S2 (July 1998): 740–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1431927600023825.

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Catalyst characterization plays a vital role in new catalyst development and in troubleshooting of commercially catalyzed processes. The ultimate goal of catalyst characterization is to understand the structure-property relationships associated with the active components and supports. Among many characterization techniques, only electron microscopy and associated analytical techniques can provide local information about the structure, chemistry, morphology, and electronic properties of industrial heterogeneous catalysts. Three types of electron microscopes are usually used for characterizing industrial supported catalysts: 1) scanning electron microscope (SEM), 2) scanning transmission electron microscope (STEM), and 3) transmission electron microscope (TEM). Each type of microscope has its unique capabilities. However, the integration of all electron microscopic techniques has proved invaluable for extracting useful information about the structure and the performance of industrial catalysts.Commercial catalysts usually have a high surface area with complex geometric structures to enable reacting gases or fluids to access as much of the active surface of the catalyst as possible.
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Solebello, Louis P. "Industrial Mineral Microscopy." Microscopy Today 1, no. 5 (August 1993): 5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s155192950006805x.

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What is industrial mineral microscopy? It is the application of any micro-analytical technique used to characterize and identify non-metallic and non-fuel earth materials. Humans have used industrial minerals since ancient times. The earliest known scientific work which dealt expressly with minerals and artificial products derived from them is Theophrastus On Stones. Theophrastus, a pupil and friend of Aristotle, described the use of fuller's earth and gypsum for whitening discolored cloth garments in the latter half of the 4th century, B.C. Fuller's earth is still used today as a decolorizing agent by manufacturers of oil and fat products. Gypsum, of course, is widely used in plaster of paris, cement, and paper.Today, industrial minerals are encountered often by people in everyday life. Electronic, pharmaceutical, cosmetic, construction, paper, and plastics industries use industrial minerals in a multitude of products.
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Galuska, Alan A. "Atomic Force Microscopy of Industrial Polymers." Microscopy and Microanalysis 5, S2 (August 1999): 982–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1431927600018237.

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The performance of many industrial polymers is determined by the microscopic morphology of the polymers. For example, surface morphology can influence properties such as adhesion, friction, sealing, blocking, printability, wettability, and haze. Furthermore, bulk morphology often controls mechanical properties such as toughness. strength, wear, and tear resistance. In order to optimize polymer performance, quick reliable methods of determining surface and bulk morphology are essential.In the past, electron microscopy (in particular TEM) has been the primary method for determining polymer morphology. However, the usefulness of electron microscopy has been limited by the destructive nature of the electron beam, the naturally poor contrast between polymer types, and the difficulty in preparing (staining, etching, cryogenic ultramicrotoming, etc.) high quality specimens.Recently, the tapping phase-shift mode of atomic force microscopy (TPSAFM) has provided the polymer scientist with a simple, quick, flexible and quantitative method for determining polymer surface and bulk morphology.
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Gilmore, R. S. "Industrial ultrasonic imaging and microscopy." Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics 29, no. 6 (June 14, 1996): 1389–417. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0022-3727/29/6/001.

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Bateman, C. A., J. J. Kilgore, and P. J. Smaltz. "Microscopy of Industrial Ceramic Materials." Microscopy and Microanalysis 7, S2 (August 2001): 552–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s143192760002883x.

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The microscopy effort within the Saint-Gobain R&D labs involves working with a wide variety of ceramic materials. Samples vary from routine QC type work, to manufacturing plant emergencies, to failure analysis, to marketing support. A typical sample will require a variety of techniques to provide a solution within a few working days. Working in such an environment it is essential that people are aware of the different analytical tools that can be utilized in a given situation. For the microscopists in our lab this means a working knowledge of the techniques that are close to our core competencies centered around optical microscopy and SEM; these include AFM, XRD, Auger, SIMS, and FTIR, which are all used in a complimentary fashion. The examples shown here are illustrative of the kinds of problems worked on and the interactive nature of the solutions.XRD of a siliconized silicon carbide material showed that it contained a higher fraction of the beta phase than was expected.
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Gerrard, D. L. "Industrial applications of Raman microscopy." Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America 50, no. 2 (August 1992): 1502–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0424820100132145.

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One of the major advantages of Raman spectroscopy for the industrial analyst is its capability for providing spatially resolved molecular information on a wide range of inorganic materials. Although the technique of Raman microscopy has been available for nearly twenty years its value in industrial analysis is still not widely appreciated. Recent developments in the use of near infrared excitation with Fourier transform spectrometers and of microline focus systems with charge-coupled devices as detectors have greatly expanded the value of the technique and should help it to appeal to a wider audience. Raman microscopy provides much valuable information in its own right and can often be used to solve analytical problems without reference to any other technique. However, it is usually of greatest value to the industrial analyst when used in conjunction with other microspectroscopy techniques such as scanning electron microscopy/energy dispersive X-ray analysis, infrared microscopy, proton-induced X-ray emission, laser ionisation mass analysis and laser scanning optical microscopy.
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Kristiansen, K. "Industrial applications of electron microscopy." Ultramicroscopy 24, no. 1 (January 1988): 71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0304-3991(88)90344-0.

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Ross, F. M., K. M. Krishnan, N. Thangaraj, R. F. C. Farrow, R. F. Marks, A. Cebollada, S. S. P. Parkin, et al. "Applications of Electron Microscopy in Collaborative Industrial Research." MRS Bulletin 21, no. 5 (May 1996): 17–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/s0883769400035466.

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The transmission electron microscope (TEM) is one of the most useful tools available to the materials scientist. Yet both the complexity and expense of the equipment, and the huge investment in time necessary to become proficient in specimen preparation and image acquisition and analysis, mean that it is difficult for most industrial institutions to maintain a state-of-the-art TEM facility. How can industry overcome this problem? One solution is to set up a collaboration with a university, an industrial partner, or a government research laboratory. Such collaborations can be extremely valuable to the company, which gains access to microscopes, specimen-preparation equipment and the expertise of professional microscopists, and to the research laboratory, which benefits from the industrial perspective and the private sector's proficiency in materials preparation and processing.Such collaborations exist, and they can produce excellent results. In this article, we present three case studies in which successful collaboration has occurred between industry and one of the Department of Energy's scientific user facilities, the National Center for Electron Microscopy (NCEM-see sidebar). Our aim is not only to describe results that we hope will be of scientific interest but also to encourage industrial researchers to consider collaborations with institutes such as NCEM.
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Magonov, S. "Industrial Applications of Scanning Probe Microscopy." Microscopy and Microanalysis 4, S2 (July 1998): 522–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s143192760002273x.

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The evolution of scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) into atomic force microscopy (AFM) have led to a family of scanning probe techniques which are widely applied in fundamental research and in industry. Visualization of the atomic- and molecular-scale structures and the possibility of modifying these structures using a sharp probe were demonstrated with the techniques on many materials. These unique capabilities initiated the further development of AFM and related methods generalized as scanning probe microscopy (SPM). The first STM experiments were performed in the clean conditions of ultra-high vacuum and on well-defined conducting or semi-conducting surfaces. These conditions restrict SPM applications to the real world that requires ambient-condition operation on the samples, many of which are insulators. AFM, which is based on the detection of forces between a tiny cantilever carrying a sharp tip and a sample surface, was introduced to satisfy these requirements. High lateral resolution and unique vertical resolution (angstrom scale) are essential AFM features.
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Ade, H., A. P. Smith, G. R. Zhuang, B. Wood, I. plotzker, E. Rightor, D. ‐J Liu, S. ‐C Lui, and C. Sloop. "Industrial applications of X‐ray microscopy." Synchrotron Radiation News 9, no. 5 (September 1996): 31–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08940889608602905.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Industrial microscopy"

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Pearmain, David. "Electron microscopy characterisation of size-selected Pd clusters and industrial Pd catalysts." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2011. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/1509/.

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This thesis presents an investigation into the morphology of palladium (Pd) size selected clusters and industrial Pd catalysts using high angle annular dark field scanning transmission electron microscopy (HAADF-STEM) technique. The driving force of this work is to establish reliable and efficient methods for the structural characterisation of nanostructures. The characterisation of nanostructures is essential to our fundamental understanding of cluster use within applications, such as catalysis. The complexity of the morphology of industrial catalysts presents a significant challenge to rapid screening techniques. This thesis presents an efficient method which uses size selected clusters as mass standards in STEM based mass spectrometry. Size selected clusters were created using a radio frequency magnetron sputtering cluster beam source in conjunction with a lateral time of ight mass selector, Pd clusters were soft-landed onto amorphous carbon grids between the size range of N = 454 to 10,000 (\(\pm\)4%), with a deposition energy of 500 eV. The quantitative image analysis allows one to gain insight into each catalytic Pd particle and, in combination with two-dimensional diameter measurements, evaluate the three dimensional morphology of the particles. The use of the cluster source has also allowed investigation into the formation mechanisms of nanostructures, finding specific size-dependant morphological features for Pd clusters. Elongation of Pd clusters has been observed for cluster sizes of \(\geq\) 2000 atoms, as well as the onset of voids within the cluster structure for sizes \(\geq\) 2622. HAADF-STEM analysis has proved to be an invaluable tool in the determination of cluster size, independent of morphology, as well as enabling specific structural features within clusters to be revealed. An investigation into the atomic structure of supported Pd\(_{887}\) clusters is also presented. Specific structural motifs are identified using aberration corrected STEM within the sample range via direct comparison with simulated HAADF-STEM images of structures simulated using global minimum techniques.
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Ellickson, Daniel Emick. "Assessment of microscopy methods for distinguishing engineered nanoparticles from incidental nanoparticles." Thesis, University of Iowa, 2011. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/960.

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The objective of this study was to assess the utility of electron microscopy for the purpose of distinguishing engineered nanoparticles from "incidental" nanoparticles. Methods included the use of transmission electron microscopy (TEM) with energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) to analyze samples of known ratios of titanium dioxide (TiO2) to Arizona road dust (ARD) or incense particles. TEM collection methods were analyzed for two different samplers: a Marple impactor and an electro-static precipitator (ESP). TEM grids were placed on the four lowest stages of the impactor. Results for impactor stages of a 10:1 ratio of TiO2/ARD mixture displayed the following percentages TiO2: 44%, 44%, 83%, and 90%. TiO2/incense samples had very high (79%-90%) TiO2 proportions, which was not expected since the ratio was 1:1. These combustion particles did not collect with the same efficiency as TiO2 or ARD. In conclusion, incense particles were entirely carbon based and were not identifiable using TEM/EDS. The TiO2/ARD mixture demonstrated that the impactor would remove most of the larger particles so that grids on the filter stage could be used to analyze and image TiO2 mostly alone. Sampling criteria for desired particle loading had to be established in order to obtain usable TEM grids. TiO2 was distinguishable from all other particles, but accurate particle identity and proportion in samples was not obtainable for combustion particles using these methods.
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Dobryden, Illia. "Surface characterization and force measurements applied to industrial materials with atomic force microscopy." Licentiate thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Materialvetenskap, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-17820.

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The thesis focuses on the application of force measurements with atomic force microscopy (AFM) on materials with a few surface contacts/asperities and chemically modified surfaces. The technique allows measurements of ultra-small intermolecular and surface forces, down to the piconewton level. The force measurements between surfaces of well-defined geometry are often used to measure and model the interaction between different systems of charged and neutral surfaces in various environments. However, detailed knowledge of the contacting surface profile geometry and surface properties is required to model the fundamental forces involved in the interaction. The preparation of such well-defined and idealized surfaces is often time consuming and the surfaces may not possess the behavior and properties of a source material in real processes, such as in industry. Moreover, external factors such as magnetic fields, ionic strengths and pH-values in a solution, may further complicate the evaluation. Hence, it is desirable to explore and develop techniques for trustable measurements of forces between “real” surfaces. These are often a complex composition of various force interactions and multiple surface contacts.The AFM probe technique was explored to measure force interactions between “real” particle surfaces. The work shows the applicability of the AFM technique to study the interaction forces despite the forecasted difficulties with the roughness of the particles.A technique to measure the adhesion and work of adhesion from AFM force curves was implemented and used. The thermal tune method was implemented in our commercial NT-MDT microscope to determine cantilever spring constants. The force interactions between natural microsize (m-s) magnetite particles and synthetic nanosize (n-s) magnetite particles were studied in calcium solution with concentrations of 1, 10, 100 mM and at pH values 4, 6 and 10. The changes in force interactions, due to variations in calcium concentration and pH were investigated. The adhesion force change with the concentration and pH was similar for m-s/m-s and m-s/n-s systems, and the adhesion force increased with the concentration at pH 6, except for the highest calcium concentration of 100 mM at pH 10. It was found that the magnetite surface modification could appear at the highest calcium concentration at pH 10. Moreover, the thesis contains preliminary results of the force interaction study between natural and synthetic bentonite-magnetite particles in calcium solution with concentrations of 1, 10 and 100 mM at pH 6.The influence of roughness on the calculation of contact mechanics parameters were studied with AFM and Vertical Scanning Interferometry (VSI). This is important for future development of a model to describe and characterize the force interaction between samples with multiple surface contacts. It was found that the optical artifacts, induced by VSI, have a large influence on all the roughness parameters calculated on the calibration grids, which represent extreme surface topographies.
Godkänd; 2012; 20120502 (illdob); LICENTIATSEMINARIUM Ämnesområde: Fysik/Physics Examinator: Docent Nils Almqvist, Institutionen för teknikvetenskap och matematik, Luleå tekniska universitet Diskutant: Docent Aji P Mathew, Institutionen för teknikvetenskap och matematik, Luleå tekniska universitet Tid: Fredag den 1 juni 2012 kl 10.00 Plats: E632, Luleå tekniska universitet
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Lai, Pooi-fun. "TEM and structural investigations of synthesized and modified carbon materials /." Connect to thesis, 1999. http://eprints.unimelb.edu.au/archive/00000770.

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Coleman, Kristen. "Detection of silica particles in lung tissue of non-occupationally exposed individuals by computer controlled scanning electron microscopy." Thesis, University of Iowa, 2013. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/1572.

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For years crystalline silica has been recognized as an occupational hazard of the dusty trades with exposures resulting in silicosis. As recently as 1997, IARC categorized the respirable portion of crystalline silica as a Grade 1 human carcinogen indicating that silica may be implicated in the development of lung cancer. Evidence in the literature indicates that silica may be not only an occupational hazard, but an environmental hazard as well, with patients with no known exposure showing measurable quantities of silica within cancerous tissue samples. This study aims to establish a methodology using computer-controlled scanning electron microscopy to examine silica content in lung cancer tissue. Furthermore, demonstrating that silica is not evenly distributed within the tissue will establish the need to use automated full scanning techniques, such as CCSEM, in order to guarantee that the analysis is not subject to random sampling error or researcher driven error, which may be rendering the traditional random sampling of zones for analysis under-representative of silica concentration in the tissue.
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Krishna, Sujata. "Atomic and electronic structure of grain boundaries in gallium arsenide." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1994. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:0f7d1156-12e4-4a8d-b3a7-71ff7a8b65f1.

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HREM imaging was performed using the Jeol 4000ex microscope on specimens prepared from an as-grown ingot of semi-insulating Gallium Arsenide. Various low angle grain boundaries were imaged in the [110] orientation, misorientations varying between 4°-13°. Detailed study of a grain boundary of 11.5° misorientation about the [110] rotation axis has been carried out. Burgers vector analysis showed the presence of perfect 60° and [001] dislocations. Modelling of the [001] dislocation has been carried out using the Tersoff potential, Bond Order Potential and a tight binding Hamiltonian for GaAs, using Chadi (1984) parameters. The dislocation core was associated with an 8-membered and two 5-membered rings. Assum- ing there is a minimum of wrong bonds, we predict that the core has two wrong bonds, one being Ga-Ga, and the other As-As, both in equivalent positions where the two 5-membered rings were appended to the 8-membered ring. The Ga-Ga bond is considerably shorter and hence stronger than the As-As bond. Band structure calculations performed using a Vogl (1983) sp3s* Hamiltonian revealed deep states in the gap, which are associated with atoms in the core only. Using Stadelmann's (1987) EMS program, successful image matching of calculated images of the [001] dislocation has been achieved with the experimental image, using the atomic structure generated by tight binding relaxation. Ga and As being only two atomic numbers apart have similar scattering factors and cannot be easily distinguished in the experimental image. The equivalence of the position of the two wrong bonds greatly eases image matching as it is no longer necessary to know which is the Ga-Ga , and which is the As-As bond. This is the first suggested model of the [001] dislocation in GaAs, to the best of my knowledge. It is found to be similar to the atomic structure of the 90° partial dislocation in silicon (Bigger et al., 1992). No account of segregation of impurities to the grain boundary, or the [001] dislocation core is taken here, though it is very likely that an impurity atom would sit itself in this large space. The relaxed atomic structure for the 60° dislocation showed a doubling of periodicity along the dislocation line, similar to that found in the 30° partial in Si. The core consists of a 7-membered and a 5-membered ring with a minimum of two wrong bonds. In addition to this, quantitative comparisons of the [001] HREM image and simulated structures have been made and an iterative structure refinement carried out in order to achieve the best image matching. The resultant 'experimental-best-fit' structure was not found to be physically or chemically plausible.
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Barrales, Francisco Manuel 1986. "Extração de óleo de semente de maracujá (Passiflora edulis sp.) usando CO2 supercrítico assistido por ultrassom." [s.n.], 2015. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/254630.

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Orientador: Julian Martínez
Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia de Alimentos
Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-27T11:44:01Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Barrales_FranciscoManuel_M.pdf: 2768336 bytes, checksum: 142a36d90affeb4da8cdcb77e0d9bd5e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015
Resumo: O presente trabalho teve como principal objetivo avaliar a influência da aplicação de ultrassom na extração de óleo de semente de maracujá com CO2 supercrítico, focando no rendimento da extração, na cinética do processo, conteúdo de tocoferóis e tocotrienóis, perfil de ácidos graxos, e atividade sequestrante do radical DPPH do óleo, usando como matéria-prima sementes de maracujá misturadas com polpa provenientes da indústria de processamento da fruta. Com esse intuito, a metodologia de superfície de resposta foi empregada, partindo como base de um planejamento experimental de tipo composto central para três fatores. Os fatores avaliados foram temperatura (38; 40; 45; 50 e 52°C), pressão (13; 16; 21; 26 e 29 MPa) e potência de ultrassom (0; 160; 400; 640 e 800 W). Os extratos obtidos apresentaram alto porcentagem de ácidos graxos poli-insaturados (aproximadamente 67%) e teor de tocoferóis e tocotrienóis (entre 60 e 90 mg/100g óleo), atividade sequestrante do radical DPPH (entre 1,8 e 2,6 mg TE/g óleo) que demonstrou correlação com o conteúdo total de tocoferóis e tocotrienóis (r = +0,872). A análise de polifenóis totais não conseguiu detectar a presença de polifenóis nos extratos. A aplicação de ultrassom na menor potência (160 W) resultou vantajosa, gerando incrementos de até 29% no rendimento de SFE. Este efeito foi registrado na temperatura de 40 °C e pressão de 16 MPa. O modelo de Sovová (1994) mostrou-se adequado para descrever o comportamento da cinética de extração, permitindo avaliar os parâmetros ajustados. Quando foi evidenciado grande incremento no rendimento da SFE, decorrente da aplicação do ultrassom, os parâmetros cinéticos foram modificados, sendo o tempo da etapa CER maior, junto com o coeficiente de transferência de massa da fase fluida, houve diminuição da proporção de extrato de difícil acesso. As imagens obtidas por microscopia eletrônica de varredura com fonte de emissão de campo (FESEM) demonstraram efeitos de atrito e menor tamanho de partículas quando o ultrassom foi aplicado
Abstract: The present work had as main objective the evaluation of the effect of the application of ultrasound in the extraction of passion fruit seed oil using supercritical CO2, on the global extraction yield, the process kinetics, the tocopherol and tocotrienol content and DPPH radical scavenging activity, using as raw material passion fruit seeds mixed with pulp, a byproduct of the pulp processing industry. To accomplish that, the response surface methodology was used. The evaluated factors were: temperature (38; 40; 45; 50 and 52 °C), pressure (13; 16; 21; 26 and 29 MPa) and ultrasound power (0; 160; 640 and 800 W). Fatty acids composition, total polyphenolic content, identification and quantification of tocopherols and tocotrienols and the antioxidant activity were evaluated on the extracts, which resulted rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids (about 67%) and tocopherols and tocotrienols (between 60 and 90 mg/100g oil), of high antioxidant activity (between 1,8 to 2,6 mgTE/g oil) that shown correlation with the tocopherol and tocotrienol total content (r = +0,872). The total polyphenol analysis was not able to detect the presence of polyphenols in the extracts. The application of low power ultrasound (160 W) resulted advantageous; the SFE global yield improvement achieved 29%. This effect was registered at a temperature of 40 °C and pressure of 16 MPa. The model of Sovová (1994) was adequate to describe the extraction kinetics behavior, and it was possible to evaluate the adjusted parameters. When a great increase of SFE yield was achieved due to the ultrasound application, the kinetic parameters were modified, being the CER time and the fluid phase mass transfer coefficient increased, also showing reduction of solute ratio inside the cells. . The images obtained by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) demonstrated mechanical damage effects and smaller particle size when ultrasound was applied
Mestrado
Engenharia de Alimentos
Mestre em Engenharia de Alimentos
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Marty, Adam J. "Generation and Characterization of Nanoaerosols Using a Portable Scanning Mobility Particle Sizer and Electron Microscopy." Scholar Commons, 2014. https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/5536.

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The purpose of this research is to demonstrate the ability to generate and characterize a nanometer sized aerosol using solutions, suspensions, and a bulk nanopowder, and to research the viability of using an acoustic dry aerosol generator/elutriator (ADAGE) to aerosolize a bulk nanopowder into a nanometer sized aerosol. The research compares the results from a portable scanning mobility particle sizer (SMPS) to the more traditional method of counting and sizing particles on a filter sample using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Sodium chloride aerosol was used for the comparisons. The sputter coating thickness, a conductive coating necessary for SEM, was measured on different sizes of polystyrene latex spheres (PSLS). Aluminum oxide powder was aerosolized using an ADAGE and several different support membranes and sound frequency combinations were explored. A portable SMPS was used to determine the size distributions of the generated aerosols. Polycarbonate membrane (PCM) filter samples were collected for subsequent SEM analysis. The particle size distributions were determined from photographs of the membrane filters. SMPS data and membrane samples were collected simultaneously. The sputter coating thicknesses on four different sizes of PSLS, range 57 nanometers (nm) to 220 nm, were measured using transmission electron microscopy and the results from the SEM and SMPS were compared after accounting for the sputter coating thickness. Aluminum oxide nanopowder (20 nm) was aerosolized using a modified ADAGE technique. Four different support membranes and four different sound frequencies were tested with the ADAGE. The aerosol was collected onto PCM filters and the samples were examined using SEM. The results indicate that the SMPS and SEM distributions were log-normally distributed with a median diameter of approximately 42 nm and 55 nm, respectively, and geometric standard deviations (GSD) of approximately 1.6 and 1.7, respectively. The two methods yielded similar distributional trends with a difference in median diameters of approximately 11 - 15 nm. The sputter coating thickness on the different sizes of PSLSs ranged from 15.4 - 17.4 nm. The aerosols generated, using the modified ADAGE, were low in concentration. The particles remained as agglomerates and varied widely in size. An aluminum foil support membrane coupled with a high sound frequency generated the smallest agglomerates. A well characterized sodium chloride aerosol was generated and was reproducible. The distributions determined using SEM were slightly larger than those obtained from SMPS, however, the distributions had relatively the same shape as reflected in their GSDs. This suggests that a portable SMPS is a suitable method for characterizing a nanoaerosol. The sizing techniques could be compared after correcting for the effects of the sputter coating necessary for SEM examination. It was determined that the sputter coating thickness on nano-sized particles and particles up to approximately 220 nm can be expected to be the same and that the sputter coating can add considerably to the size of a nanoparticle. This has important implications for worker health where nanoaerosol exposure is a concern. The sputter coating must be considered when SEM is used to describe a nanoaerosol exposure. The performance of the modified ADAGE was less than expected. The low aerosol output from the ADAGE prevented a more detailed analysis and was limited to only a qualitative comparison. Some combinations of support membranes and sound frequencies performed better than others, particularly conductive support membranes and high sound frequencies. In conclusion, a portable SMPS yielded results similar to those obtained by SEM. The sputter coating was the same thickness on the PSLSs studied. The sputter coating thickness must be considered when characterizing nanoparticles using SEM. Finally, a conductive support membrane and higher frequencies appeared to generate the smallest agglomerates using the ADAGE technique.
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Havlíček, Petr. "Design elektronového mikroskopu." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-229634.

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The aim of my Master's thesis is the design of a scanning electron microscope. The designed concept presents an innovative approach to the problems and respects all technical, ergonomic and aesthetical demands made on it. The main creative part of design process starting from the concept development and ending up with the final solution is preceded by a background research study including a historical, technical and design analysis of the electron microscope. The conclusion of my Master's thesis analyses the final design, its character and its contribution in broader context.
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Švajdová, Anna. "Design elektronového mikroskopu." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2017. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-319480.

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The theme of this diploma thesis is the design of a scanning electron microscope with a focused ion beam. Specifically, the thesis is focused on the design of the microscope covers and the adjacent workplace of the operator for Tescan Orsay Holding a.s.. Design is solved as the first proposal aimed at future innovation of the design of the entire product line.
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Books on the topic "Industrial microscopy"

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Yablon, Dalia G., ed. Scanning Probe Microscopy in Industrial Applications. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118723111.

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Fuchs, Ekkehard. Particle beam microanalysis: Fundamentals, methods, and applications. Weinheim, F.R.G: VCH, 1990.

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1949-, Bhushan Bharat, and Fuchs H. O. 1907-, eds. Applied scanning probe methods IV: Industrial application. Berlin: Springer, 2005.

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Bharat, Bhushan, Bimberg Dieter, Fuchs Harald, Klitzing Klaus von, Sakaki Hiroyuki 1944-, Wiesendanger R. (Roland) 1961-, and SpringerLink (Online service), eds. Applied Scanning Probe Methods XIII: Biomimetics and Industrial Applications. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009.

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1949-, Bhushan Bharat, and Kawata Satoshi 1966-, eds. Applied scanning probe methods VI: Characterization. Heidelberg: Springer, 2007.

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1949-, Bhushan Bharat, and Kawata Satoshi 1966-, eds. Applied scanning probe methods VI: Characterization. Heidelberg: Springer, 2007.

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1949-, Bhushan Bharat, Fuchs H, and Kawata Satoshi 1966-, eds. Applied scanning probe methods V: Scanning probe microscopy techniques. Berlin: Springer, 2007.

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1949-, Bhushan Bharat, Fuchs H, and Kawata Satoshi 1966-, eds. Applied scanning probe methods V: Scanning probe microscopy techniques. Berlin: Springer, 2007.

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Lin, Wang Zhong, and Hui Chun, eds. Electron microscopy of nanotubes. Boston: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 2003.

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service), SpringerLink (Online, ed. Scanning Probe Microscopy in Nanoscience and Nanotechnology. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg, 2010.

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Book chapters on the topic "Industrial microscopy"

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Smith, Graham T. "Surface microscopy." In Industrial Metrology, 101–34. London: Springer London, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-3814-3_3.

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Doornbos, Richard, and Sjir van Loo. "Applications in Automated Microscopy." In From scientific instrument to industrial machine, 53–61. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-4147-8_5.

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Hagni, Richard D. "Reflected Light Microscopy of Industrial Minerals." In Proceedings of the 10th International Congress for Applied Mineralogy (ICAM), 285–95. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-27682-8_35.

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Yablon, Dalia G. "Overview of Atomic Force Microscopy." In Scanning Probe Microscopy in Industrial Applications, 1–14. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118723111.ch1.

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Tsou, Andy H., and Dalia G. Yablon. "Atomic Force Microscopy of Polymers." In Scanning Probe Microscopy in Industrial Applications, 210–31. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118723111.ch9.

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Schmal, Martin, and Sonia M. R. Vasconcelos. "Electronic Microscopy: General and Specific Notions." In Heterogeneous Catalysis and its Industrial Applications, 267–83. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-09250-8_12.

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Gunning, A. Patrick, and Victor J. Morris. "Unraveling Links between Food Structure and Function with Probe Microscopy." In Scanning Probe Microscopy in Industrial Applications, 232–50. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118723111.ch10.

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Schilowitz, Alan M. "Microcantilever Sensors for Petrochemical Applications." In Scanning Probe Microscopy in Industrial Applications, 251–69. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118723111.ch11.

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Luengo, Gustavo S., and Anthony Galliano. "Applications of Scanning Probe Methods in Cosmetic Science." In Scanning Probe Microscopy in Industrial Applications, 270–86. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118723111.ch12.

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Lamm, Matthew S. "Applications of Scanning Probe Microscopy and Nanomechanical Analysis in Pharmaceutical Development." In Scanning Probe Microscopy in Industrial Applications, 287–301. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118723111.ch13.

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Conference papers on the topic "Industrial microscopy"

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Liebel, Matz, Franco V. A. Camargo, Giulio Cerullo, and Niek F. van Hulst. "Ultrafast Transient Holographic Microscopy." In Applied Industrial Spectroscopy. Washington, D.C.: OSA, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ais.2021.jw1a.4.

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McGilvery, Catriona. "Characterisation of polymer membranes for industrial seawater desalination applications." In European Microscopy Congress 2020. Royal Microscopical Society, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.22443/rms.emc2020.923.

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Strawn, A. W. "Infrared Microscopy In An Industrial Analytical Laboratory." In Intl Conf on Fourier and Computerized Infrared Spectroscopy, edited by David G. Cameron. SPIE, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.969432.

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Dixon, Andrew J., Nick Doe, and Tia-Min Pang. "Industrial Applications Of Confocal Scanning Optical Microscopy." In Hague International Symposium, edited by Ludwig J. Balk and Tony Wilson. SPIE, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.941493.

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Jaffe, Jules S., and Andrew Mullen. "Adventures in Underwater Microscopy." In Applied Industrial Optics: Spectroscopy, Imaging and Metrology. Washington, D.C.: OSA, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/aio.2017.aw2a.1.

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Yang, Changhuei. "Fourier Ptychographic Microscopy: Large Field-of-View and High Resolution Microscopy Imaging." In Applied Industrial Optics: Spectroscopy, Imaging and Metrology. Washington, D.C.: OSA, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/aio.2014.ath2a.2.

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Llaguno, Juan M., Federico Lecumberry, and Ariel Fernández. "Image processing in polarimetric multi-view microscopy sensing." In Applied Industrial Spectroscopy. Washington, D.C.: OSA, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ais.2021.jtu5a.20.

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LAJAUNIE, Luc. "Combining low-loss EELS experiments and k-means clustering for automatic phases separation in industrial duplex stainless steel." In European Microscopy Congress 2020. Royal Microscopical Society, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.22443/rms.emc2020.1414.

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Suresh, Surag Athippillil, Sunil Vyas, J. Andrew Yeh, and Yuan Luo. "Volume Holographic Multifocal Illumination Beam Shaper for Confocal Microscopy." In Applied Industrial Spectroscopy. Washington, D.C.: OSA, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ais.2021.jw1a.2.

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Chu, Cheng Hung, Yuan Luo, Ming Lun Tseng, Sunil Vyas, Hsin Yu Kuo, Din Ping Tsai, and Takuo Tanaka. "Light-sheet fluorescence microscopy with metalens." In ODS 2020: Industrial Optical Devices and Systems, edited by Ryuichi Katayama and Yuzuru Takashima. SPIE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2570535.

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Reports on the topic "Industrial microscopy"

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Shih, C. K., and R. J. Colton. Industrial applications of scanned probe microscopy. Gaithersburg, MD: National Institute of Standards and Technology, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.6028/nist.ir.5550.

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Litaor, Iggy, James Ippolito, Iris Zohar, and Michael Massey. Phosphorus capture recycling and utilization for sustainable agriculture using Al/organic composite water treatment residuals. United States Department of Agriculture, January 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2015.7600037.bard.

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Objectives: 1) develop a thorough understanding of the sorption mechanisms of Pi and Po onto the Al/O- WTR; 2) determine the breakthrough range of the composite Al/O-WTR during P capturing from agro- wastewaters; and 3) critically evaluate the performance of the composite Al/O-WTR as a fertilizer using selected plants grown in lysimeters and test-field studies. Instead of lysimeters we used pots (Israel) and one- liter cone-tainers (USA). We conducted one field study but in spite of major pretreatments the soils still exhibited high enough P from previous experiments so no differences between control and P additions were noticeable. Due to time constrains the field study was discontinued. Background: Phosphorous, a non-renewable resource, has been applied extensively in fields to increase crop yield, yet consequently has increased the potential of waterway eutrophication. Our proposal impetus is the need to develop an innovative method of P capturing, recycling and reuse that will sustain agricultural productivity while concurrently reducing the level of P discharge from and to agricultural settings. Major Conclusions & Achievements: An innovative approach was developed for P removal from soil leachate, dairy wastewater (Israel), and swine effluents (USA) using Al-based water treatment residuals (Al- WTR) to create an organic-Al-WTR composite (Al/O-WTR), potentially capable of serving as a P fertilizer source. The Al-WTR removed 95% inorganic-P, 80% to 99.9% organic P, and over 60% dissolved organic carbon from the agro-industrial waste streams. Organic C accumulation on particles surfaces possibly enhanced weak P bonding and facilitated P desorption. Analysis by scanning electron microscope (SEM- EDS), indicated that P was sparsely sorbed on both calcic and Al (hydr)oxide surfaces. Sorption of P onto WW-Al/O-WTR was reversible due to weak Ca-P and Al-P bonds induced by the slight alkaline nature and in the presence of organic moieties. Synchrotron-based microfocused X-ray fluorescence (micro-XRF) spectrometry, bulk P K-edge X-ray absorption near edge structure spectroscopy (XANES), and P K-edge micro-XANES spectroscopy indicated that adsorption was the primary P retention mechanism in the Al- WTR materials. However, distinct apatite- or octocalciumphosphatelike P grains were also observed. Synchrotron micro-XRF mapping further suggested that exposure of the aggregate exteriors to wastewater caused P to diffuse into the porous Al-WTR aggregates. Organic P species were not explicitly identified via P K-edge XANES despite high organic matter content, suggesting that organic P may have been predominantly associated with mineral surfaces. In screen houses experiments (Israel) we showed that the highest additions of Al/O-WTR (5 and 7 g kg⁻¹) produced the highest lettuce (Lactuca sativa L. var. longifolial) yield. Lettuce yield and P concentration were similar across treatments, indicating that Al/O- WTR can provide sufficient P to perform similarly to common fertilizers. A greenhouse study (USA) was utilized to compare increasing rates of swine wastewater derived Al/O-WTR and inorganic P fertilizer (both applied at 33.6, 67.3, and 134.5 kg P₂O₅ ha⁻¹) to supply plant-available P to spring wheat (TriticumaestivumL.) in either sandy loam or sandy clay loam soil. Spring wheat straw and grain P uptake were comparable across all treatments in the sandy loam, while Al/O-WTR application to the sandy clay loam reduced straw and grain P uptake. The Al/O-WTR did not affect soil organic P concentrations, but did increase phosphatase activity in both soils; this suggests that Al/O-WTR application stimulated microorganisms and enhance the extent to which microbial communities can mineralize Al/O-WTR-bound organic P. Implications: Overall, results suggest that creating a new P fertilizer from Al-WTR and agro-industrial waste sources may be a feasible alternative to mining inorganic P fertilizer sources, while protecting the environment from unnecessary waste disposal.
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Shomer, Ilan, Ruth E. Stark, Victor Gaba, and James D. Batteas. Understanding the hardening syndrome of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) tuber tissue to eliminate textural defects in fresh and fresh-peeled/cut products. United States Department of Agriculture, November 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2002.7587238.bard.

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The project sought to understand factors and mechanisms involved in the hardening of potato tubers. This syndrome inhibits heat softening due to intercellular adhesion (ICA) strengthening, compromising the marketing of industrially processed potatoes, particularly fresh peeled-cut or frozen tubers. However, ICA strengthening occurs under conditions which are inconsistent with the current ideas that relate it to Ca-pectate following pectin methyl esterase (PME) activity or to formation of rhamnogalacturonan (RG)-II-borate. First, it was necessary to induce strengthening of the middle lamellar complex (MLX) and the ICA as a stress response in some plant parenchyma. As normally this syndrome does not occur uniformly enough to study it, we devised an efficient model in which ICA-strengthening is induced consistently under simulated stress by short-chain, linear, mono-carboxylic acid molecules (OAM), at 65 oC [appendix 1 (Shomer&Kaaber, 2006)]. This rapid strengthening was insufficient for allowing the involved agents assembly to be identifiable; but it enabled us to develop an efficient in vitro system on potato tuber parenchyma slices at 25 ºC for 7 days, whereas unified stress was reliably simulated by OAMs in all the tissue cells. Such consistent ICA-strengthening in vitro was found to be induced according to the unique physicochemical features of each OAM as related to its lipophilicity (Ko/w), pKa, protonated proportion, and carbon chain length by the following parameters: OAM dissociation constant (Kdiss), adsorption affinity constant (KA), number of adsorbed OAMs required for ICA response (cooperativity factor) and the water-induced ICA (ICAwater). Notably, ICA-strengthening is accompanied by cell sap leakage, reflecting cell membrane rupture. In vitro, stress simulation by OAMs at pH<pKa facilitated the consistent assembly of ICAstrengthening agents, which we were able to characterize for the first time at the molecular level within purified insoluble cell wall of ICA-strengthened tissue. (a) With solid-state NMR, we established the chemical structure and covalent binding to cell walls of suberin-like agents associated exclusively with ICA strengthening [appendix 3 (Yu et al., 2006)]; (b) Using proteomics, 8 isoforms of cell wall-bound patatin (a soluble vacuolar 42-kDa protein) were identified exclusively in ICA-strengthened tissue; (c) With light/electron microscopy, ultrastructural characterization, histochemistry and immunolabeling, we co-localized patatin and pectin in the primary cell wall and prominently in the MLX; (d) determination of cell wall composition (pectin, neutral sugars, Ca-pectate) yielded similar results in both controls and ICA-strengthened tissue, implicating factors other than PME activity, Ca2+ or borate ions; (e) X-ray powder diffraction experiments revealed that the cellulose crystallinity in the cell wall is masked by pectin and neutral sugars (mainly galactan), whereas heat or enzymatic pectin degradation exposed the crystalline cellulose structure. Thus, we found that exclusively in ICA-strengthened tissue, heat-resistant pectin is evident in the presence of patatin and suberinlike agents, where the cellulose crystallinity was more hidden than in fresh control tissue. Conclusions: Stress response ICA-strengthening is simulated consistently by OAMs at pH< pKa, although PME and formation of Ca-pectate and RG-II-borate are inhibited. By contrast, at pH>pKa and particularly at pH 7, ICA-strengthening is mostly inhibited, although PME activity and formation of Ca-pectate or RG-II-borate are known to be facilitated. We found that upon stress, vacuolar patatin is released with cell sap leakage, allowing the patatin to associate with the pectin in both the primary cell wall and the MLX. The stress response also includes formation of covalently bound suberin-like polyesters within the insoluble cell wall. The experiments validated the hypotheses, thus led to a novel picture of the structural and molecular alterations responsible for the textural behavior of potato tuber. These findings represent a breakthrough towards understanding of the hardening syndrome, laying the groundwork for potato-handling strategies that assure textural quality of industrially processed particularly in fresh peeled cut tubers, ready-to-prepare and frozen preserved products.
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