Relevant bibliographies by topics / Industrial policy – Developing countries

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Industrial policy – Developing countries'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 1 August 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Industrial policy – Developing countries"

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Schmitz, Hubert, and Bernard Musyck. "Industrial districts in Europe: Policy lessons for developing countries?" World Development 22, no. 6 (June 1994): 889–910. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0305-750x(94)90060-4.

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Vandenberg, Paul. "Industrial policy in developing countries: failing markets, weak states." Journal of the Asia Pacific Economy 25, no. 1 (October 1, 2019): 193–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13547860.2019.1670501.

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Yean, Tham Siew, and Loke Wai Heng. "Industrial Deepening in Malaysia: Policy Lessons for Developing Countries." Asian Development Review 28, no. 02 (December 2011): 88–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0116110511500119.

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The Malaysian economy has undergone substantial industrial transformation, shifting from primary commodity production to manufacturing in slightly more than 5 decades since achieving independence. However, efforts to deepen manufacturing development have not succeeded in nurturing a critical mass of domestic entrepreneurs with indigenous innovative capacities as industrialization continues to be dependent on imported technology and capital. Instead, the manufacturing sector is facing premature deindustrialization. In view of these developments, this study aims to assess the extent of industrial deepening in a country through the development of linkages, as well as the key factors that have contributed to this. This has important policy lessons for other developing countries that are following similar export-oriented, foreign direct investment-led strategies for their industrial development. The main findings of this study indicate that while trade and investment policies have contributed to the development of the manufacturing sector, they have also fostered closer integration with the rest of the world rather than within the domestic economy. The electrical and electronics subsector has relatively weaker backward linkages than other subsectors in the economy. Deepening internal integration requires complementary labor, human capital, and technology policies that can facilitate the development of linkages in the manufacturing sector.
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Behrens, Alfredo. "Industrial energy rationalization in developing countries." Energy Policy 15, no. 4 (August 1987): 391–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0301-4215(87)90033-4.

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Schclarek, Alfredo. "Fiscal policy and private consumption in industrial and developing countries." Journal of Macroeconomics 29, no. 4 (December 2007): 912–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmacro.2006.03.002.

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Kim, Junmo. "Industrial Policy Dilemmas: Entry Barriers and Cyclical Adjustments." Korean Journal of Policy Studies 14 (December 31, 1999): 87–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.52372/kjps14006.

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Through its three decades of industrialization, the Korean economy has transformed into a heavily industrialized economy. In this transformation, one of the most dramatic developments was Korea's entrance into heavy industrialization due to the government's policy of HCI(Heavy and Chemical Industrialization). (Yotopoulos 1999; Amsden 1989) Heavy industrialization poses great challenges to developing economies which have capital and entry barrier requirements(Bain 1956; Singleton 1997; Seabright 1996; Ziss 1987), while most developing countries have sought such industrialization as one of their developmental goals. Challenges these sectors face range from the hurdles of technological barriers to MOS(Minimum Optimum Scale) or economies of scale to entry. While much has been discussed on the existence of such economies of scale and technological barriers, the Korean case is a clear one that shows the salience of the challenges as they are contested in the political economy.
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Saleh shafeek, Maryam. "Discuss and Analyze the Role and Impact of Industrial Policy on Economic Development and especially in Developing Countries." Al-Adab Journal 1, no. 137 (June 15, 2021): 81–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.31973/aj.v1i137.1105.

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Different countries, especially developing ones, have resorted since the middle of the last century to using industrial policy in order to expand the industrial base and push forward the economic development wheel. Tangible results have been achieved in many Asian countries, while no such results have been achieved in the countries of Latin America and Africa. Support has been dropped for the application of industrial policy since the mid-eighties of the last century because of the negative consequences resulting from it and then return again in the recent period. The research aims to analyze and discuss industrial policy and the extent of the need to use it in developing countries, it focuses on discussing the ideas and propositions of the two different approaches towards industrial policy. The first represents the position of those opposed to the industrial policy, and the second represents the position of those who support it. Those opposed to the industrial policy are the neoliberals in the United States of America who stress the role of the market in achieving development and point to the negative effects of industrial policy, while in favor of industrial policy book theoreticians Many economists because of the existence of globalization and the WTO rules and the changing nature of the global economy and that creates difficulties and impediments to developing countries and weaken the influence of industrial policy. Through analysis and discussion of the various propositions and evidence, the research ends with recommending the use of a carefully formulated industrial policy as a means to achieve economic development in developing countries and overcome the negative effects on them. With the call to adjust the policies and rules of the World Trade Organization and the global economic system in line with the need of developing countries for the development of industrialization and promoting economic development.
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Arabi, U. "Industrial Growth in Developing Countries: A Survey of Industrial Cluster Approaches and Policy Implications." SEDME (Small Enterprises Development, Management & Extension Journal): A worldwide window on MSME Studies 36, no. 3 (September 2009): 1–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0970846420090301.

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Nahikiriza, Daphin. "Policy Implementation Performance in Developing Countries: The Study of Uganda among East African Countries." East African Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies 6, no. 1 (July 12, 2023): 162–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.37284/eajis.6.1.1309.

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This policy paper examines the effectiveness of policy implementation in developing nations, with a focus on Uganda among the East African nations. The performance of Uganda's policy implementation in comparison to other East African nations is highlighted. The World Bank's "Country Policy and Institutional Assessment" (CPIA) for the year 2021 served as the foundation for this desk research. One-way analysis was used in the analysis. The results showed that the East African nations performed better than the global indicator. Kenya earned the highest mean policy implementation score among the three East African nations (3.7539683 on a scale of 1 = low to 6 = high). Kenya came in first, then Uganda (3.4484127), and Tanzania (3.5119048). However, the inconsequential F statistic showed that there is no difference in policy execution between the three states., i.e., the means are equal. There is a general consensus that Uganda has strong policies, but the execution is appalling. The country's policy implementation is better than the average index among developing countries, despite the claim that it might "hold some water." The three nations together with a few others make up the East African countries; while Uganda's performance is lower than Kenya's, it is higher than Tanzania's.
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Venger, Vitalii V., Andrii Y. Ramskyi, Natalia I. Romanovska, and Lyudmila I. Vasechko. "CURRENT STATE AND PROSPECTS FOR EXPANDING THE EXPORT OF DOMESTIC INDUSTRIAL PRODUCTS TO RAPIDLY DEVELOPING COUNTRIES OF ASIA." Academic Review 1, no. 60 (January 2024): 216–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.32342/2074-5354-2024-1-60-16.

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The article analyzes the current state and prospects of development of exports of domestic industrial products to the rapidly developing countries of Asia, in particular to Indonesia, Thailand, Bangladesh and the Philippines. It is shown that today Ukraine is a full-fledged participant in the globalization process, and its further development will largely depend on the priorities of its foreign economic integration policy, the formation and implementation of which should be based on building strategic relations with both individual Asian countries and various regional associations. It is substantiated that the need to intensify Ukraine’s cooperation with Asian countries is caused not only by the global transformation in the balance of power of the world economy, but also by the need for export diversification of foreign trade in the context of Russian aggression. The analysis shows that by 2022, the demand for domestic industrial products in the markets of Indonesia and Thailand had positive dynamics and ensured, albeit not a significant increase in the export of Ukrainian high-tech goods. Despite the positive trade balance, demand for domestic industrial products in the markets of Bangladesh and the Philippines was characterized by a gradual decline until 2022. In general, the share of domestic industrial products in the structure of exports to these countries is quite low: Indonesia - 0.7%, Thailand - 3.0%, Bangladesh - 4.3%, and the Philippines - 9.9%. At the same time, the share of industrial products from these countries in the structure of Ukrainian imports was much higher, in particular: Indonesia - 20.0%, Thailand - 82.1%, Bangladesh - 96.8%, and the Philippines - 92.4%. Due to the large-scale invasion of Ukraine by Russia, the article estimates the losses in foreign trade between Ukraine and rapidly developing Asian countries in 2022. In particular, it is shown that the volume of foreign trade turnover between Ukraine and Indonesia will decrease by 39.2% compared to 2021, Thailand - by 35.3%, Bangladesh - by 48.6%, and the Philippines - by 38.6%. Based on the analysis of scientific and statistical literature, it is established that the determining instrument of trade policy of the rapidly developing Asian countries is customs tariffs, various preferential regimes and benefits for industrial products in accordance with various bilateral and regional trade agreements. In order to further develop partnership relations between Ukraine and the rapidly developing countries of Asia, it is proposed to intensify and strengthen the dialogue on deepening trade and economic cooperation through the system of trade policy instruments. In terms of further research, additional studies are proposed to determine the prospects for concluding bilateral trade agreements on FTAs between individual countries and developing a long-term strategy for trade and economic cooperation.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Industrial policy – Developing countries"

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Matyáš, David. "Economic Rationale for Industrial Policy in Developing Countries." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-135907.

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This thesis goes through basic principles of industrial policy in developing countries and analyses examples of recent industrial policies in BRIC countries (Brazil, Russia, India and China) in the last two decades. The analysis shows the coexistence of unsuccessful and fruitful stories of industrial policy implementation. In the text, I focus especially on the last two decades. I recognize that industrial policy can have a positive impact on economy in some cases, but on the other hand, government failures are frequent and they can result in deep distortions of economic systems and waste of resources. Since 90s', pro-active approach positively contributed to the growth primarily in China and India -- although the progress of these two countries differs substantially. These two countries were (and still are) relatively poorer than Russia and Brazil. Typically, industrial policy in BRIC countries broadly overrides problems of corporate governance, corrupt practices and bureaucratic burdens.
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Škropeková, Andrea. "The Economic Rationale for Industrial Policy in Developing Countries." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-135906.

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The role of the government in an industrialization process of developing countries is highly debated. The opinions of scholars diverge. Proponents of extensive government involvement claim that it is a key to sustainable development, while opponents see it as an obstacle to it. The goal of my thesis is to analyze what consequences has had the reduction in the weight of the State in economies of developing countries, especially in Kenya. The thesis is divided into two parts. The first one talks about an evolution of industrial policies in the developing countries. Since the end of colonialism, import substitution had become a dominant pro development strategy in most developing countries, but in 1980s it was substituted by the structural adjustment programmes (SAPs). Those two sets of development strategies are described and assessed in this part. The second part of the thesis is a case study of Kenya. In this part I describe and assess industrialization policies of Kenyan government, analyze a change of its economic freedom since an adoption of SAPs and an influence of an increase in economic freedom on industrialization and social welfare.
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Mugova, Terrence Tafadzwa. "Interdependence and business cycle transmission between South Africa and the USA, UK, Japan and Germany." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1002680.

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The process of globalisation has had a large impact on the world economy over the past three decades. Economic globalisation has manifested itself in the increasing integration of goods and services through international trade and the integration of financial markets. As a consequence the existence of co-movements in economic variables of different countries has become more evident. The extent to which globalisation causes a country’s economy to move together with the rest of the world concerns policy-makers. When such co-movement is significant, the influence of policy-makers on their respective domestic economies is significantly reduced. South Africa re-entered the international economy in the early 1990s when the forces of globalisation, especially for developing countries, seemed to gain momentum. Empirical research such as Kabundi and Loots (2005) found strong evidence of international co-movement between the world business cycle and the South African business cycle, particularly following South Africa’s integration into the global economy. This study examines the relationship and interdependence between South Africa and four of its major developed trading partners. More particularly, the study examines the question of whether business cycles are transmitted from Germany, Japan, US and UK to South Africa, and/or from South Africa to Germany, Japan, the US and UK. The study employs structural vector autoregressive (SVARs) models to analyse monthly data from 1980:01–2008:04 on industrial production, producer prices, short-term interest rates and real effective exchange rates. The results show that South Africa benefits from economic growth in both the UK and US. They also indicate significant price transmission from Germany and Japan to South Africa, with transmission in the opposite direction being statistically insignificant. The impulse response graphs show that a positive one standard deviation shock to both German and Japanese producer prices has a negative impact on South African output (industrial production) growth. Furthermore, South African monetary policy is relatively unresponsive to international monetary policy stances. The findings of this study indicate that South African policymakers need to take into consideration economic performance of the country’s major trading partners, with particular emphasis on the UK and US economies.
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Juma, Calestous. "Evolutionary technological change : the case of fuel ethanol in developing countries." Thesis, University of Sussex, 1986. http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/id/eprint/79463/.

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This study suggests an evolutionary approach to the analysis of energy technology policy. The approach emphasizes economic fluctuations, technological change and Institutional re-organization through time. The liquid fuel sub-sectors of Zimbabwe and Kenya constitute different technological systems adapted to the production and utilization of different energy forms. They represent different market niches In a techno-economic landscape. Gasoline occupies a central role In the energy budget. The 1973-74 oil crisis created major fluctuations which made it possible to introduce fuel ethanol as an alternative liquid fuel. The process of realising the ethanol niche was largely dependent on the existence of technological options whose technical and financial characteristics allowed them to compete favourably with conventional 1iquid fuels. Niche realization also required the modification of the adoptive terrain to reduce the obstacles to the introduction of the new technological systems. The entire process takes an evolutionary perspective because it involves the generation. selection and retention of technological options under constantly changing conditions. Moreover. the technological systems continue to undergo or require incremental Improvements after they have been installed. Such improvements require the generation of plant-level technical knowledge and often lead to the accumulation of local technological capacity. A glance at the evolutionary path reveals periods of gradual change. punctuated by moments of increased innovations which are often linked to periods of major fluctuations. The process is associated with a complex network of institutional arrangements which are also re-organized either in response to fluctuations or in anticipation of emerging niche opportunities. Institutions play a central role because the process is not random, it is purposive and based on socio-economic expectations. It is precisely this point that led to major differences In the process of niche realization In Zimbabwe and Kenya. although both countries were presented with the same technological options. The study draws a wide range of technology policy and research implications from these differences.
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van, Beilen Corinne. "Learning processes in creative industries initiatives in developing countries : an examination of policy and practice." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2012. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/55075/1/Corinne_van_Beilen_Thesis.pdf.

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What does a dance group in Benin that mixes contemporary and ethnic dancing have in common with Mongolian felt producers that want to enter the design market in Europe? These are both examples of learning processes in Creative Industries initiatives in developing countries. Following the concept of sustainable development, I argue that the challenge for developing countries in contemporary society is to meet the very real need of people for economic development and opportunities for income generation, while at the same time avoiding unintended and unwanted consequences of economic development and globalisation. The concept of the Creative Industries may be a way to promote a development that is sustainable and avoids social exclusion of groups-at-risk. In line with this, I argue that the Creative Industries sector could, in fact, link economic development and the continuation and evolution of local traditions and cultural heritage. A pressing question then is: how can education and learning contribute to creating a context in which talent can flourish? This study aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of the research problem of this thesis: what elements are conducive for individual learning processes in creative development initiatives? In this, I argue that it is crucial to determine what ingredients and characteristics contribute to making these initiatives successful, that is, to meet their specific goals, in a developing context. This is explored through a staged analysis: an overview of quantitative data, an inventory and comparative case studies and, finally, the description and analysis of two in-depth case studies – felt design in Mongolia (Asia) and dance in Benin (Africa), in which I was an observer of the action phase of the local interventions. The analysis culminates in practice-related outcomes related to the operation of creative development initiatives, as well as the contribution to the academic debate on issues like the cultural gap between developed and developing countries, transformative learning and the connection of learning spaces.
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Tzeng, Cheng-Hua 1973. "Growing entrepreneurial firms in developing countries : the interplay of the state, the market and the social sector." Thesis, McGill University, 2006. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=102829.

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This study builds an integrative framework to delineate the process of growing entrepreneurial firms in developing countries. Deriving from the existing entrepreneurship literature, this thesis uses two notions to delineate the process of growth of indigenous firms: entrepreneurial intent and entrepreneurial capability. Then, drawing on the literature of economic development, it identifies three key sectors, the state, the market and the social sector, that foster entrepreneurial intent and cultivate entrepreneurial capability.
The research setting is the information technology (IT) industries in China and Taiwan, each of which has had impressive performance when compared with their counterparts in other developing countries. This study differentiates the growth of entrepreneurial firms into three stages, getting started, getting there, and staying there, and proceeds to analyze the comparative-historical experiences of six IT firms, three in China and three in Taiwan. The firms in China are the Advanced Technology Service Division (ATSD), Lenovo Computer, and Great Wall Computer. The firms in Taiwan are United Microelectronics Corporation (UMC), Acer, and Vanguard International Semiconductor (VIS).
It is found that at the stage of getting started, the government tends to be key among the three sectors, and can broadly influence the firms' entrepreneurial intent by building the national institution context, and more specifically through industrial policies. At the stage of getting there, the domestic social sector becomes more salient, and can transfer technology to entrepreneurial firms either from abroad or from their own research; they can also help defend entrepreneurial firms in intellectual property disputes with multinational firms. At the stage of staying there, due to their advanced technology, multinationals as forces in the market become more prevalent, and can enhance or destroy the capability of entrepreneurial firms. Overall, the state can act as context builder, champion and confronter; the social sector can play the roles of capability builder and capability defender, while the market, via multinational firms, can play the roles of capability destroyer and capability enhancer.
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Gwaindepi, Abel. "The developmental state, social policy and social compacts: a comparative policy analysis of the South African case." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1013278.

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The history of economic thought is ‘flooded’ with neo-classical accounts despite the fact that neoclassical economics did not occupy history alone. This has caused the discourses on ‘lost alternatives’ to be relegated as the deterministic ‘straight line’ neo-classical historical discourses are elevated. Globally hegemonic neo-classical discourse aided this phenomenon as it served to subordinate any counterhegemonic local discursive processes towards alternatives. This study is premised on the theme of non-neoclassical ‘lost alternatives’ using the post-apartheid South Africa as a case study. Emerging from the apartheid regime, the impetus towards non-neoclassical redistributive policies was strong in South Africa but this did not gain traction as the ANC’s ‘growth through redistribution’ was replaced by globally hegemonic discourse which favoured ‘redistribution through growth’. This thesis postulates the idea of two waves of ‘internal’ discursive formations; capturing the transition to democracy up to 1996 as the first wave and the period from 2005 to about 2009 as the second wave. The developmental state paradigm (DSP) emerged as the central heterodox paradigm with ideas such as industrial policy, welfare, and social dialogue/compacts being main elements. The DSP was expressly chosen in the early 1990s, the first period of strong internal discursive formation, but faded as neo-classical policies, epitomised through GEAR, dominated the policy space. The DSP discourse gained vitality in the second wave of internal discursive formation (2005-2009) and it was associated with the subsequent Zuma’s administration. The study illustrates that the DSP has failed to be fully developed into a practical framework but remained only at rhetorical level with the phrase ‘developmental state’ inserted into government policy documents and documents of ANC as a ruling party. The thesis further illustrates that the DSP fared well ideologically because of its inclination to the ideology of ‘developmentalism’ tended to trump any socialist inclined policies such as a generous welfare regime. The thesis rebuts the notion of the DSP in South Africa which has only been amorphously developed with the phrase ‘developmental state’ becoming a mere buzzword. The thesis argues that the DSP in the 21st century is much more complex and the growing ‘tertiarisation’ of the economy makes the Social Democratic Paradigm SDP’s capability centric approach much more relevant for South Africa. The study goes further to argue that a (SDP) is much more suitable alternative for addressing South African colonial/apartheid legacies and consolidation of democracy.
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Colavito, Luke A. Jr. "High Hill Yak Cheese Production in Nepal: An Analysis of Privatization Policy Incorporating the Impacts of Market Failures for Agro-Industries in Developing Countries." Diss., Virginia Tech, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/30737.

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In recent years the development community has pressured LDCs to privatize agro- industries. This pressure stems from poor public enterprise performance and an ideological shift. However, public enterprises mitigate market failures. The major objective of this study is to measure the impact of privatizing the Nepalese yak cheese industry. To achieve the objective, public and private behavior are determined. The impacts of privatization stem from changes in monopsony behavior and institutional constraints that differ between the public and private sectors. The Dairy Development Corporation (DDC) of Nepal produces yak cheese. The DDC's mandate is to provide a "fair" price to consumers and producers. Private producers of cheese have emerged in recent years. Milk shed structures include: single DDC factories, single private factories, multiple private factories, and mixed production. Market performance is evaluated using partial equilibrium models that include the yak cheese and milk markets. Economic surplus measures are used for evaluation. Herder producer surplus is the most important criterion because herders are the poorest beneficiaries. The impact of privatization is determined through comparison of observed DDC and predicted private equilibria. Private equilibrium is predicted using a simultaneous equation system developed for this research. The equations ensure that supply and demand balance at the aggregate and individual milk shed levels. The Lerner index is incorporated to model monopsony behavior. Private monopsony parameters used in the system are estimated econometrically. A private equilibrium is also predicted with a modified firm cost structure reflecting reduced impacts of institutional constraints. Findings show that private and public firms are exercising monopsony power. DDC privatization can be advocated because it increases herder producer surplus by 15.4%. Total surplus falls slightly because private cheese is lower quality. DDC privatization decreases herder welfare in milk sheds that support only a single firm. The simultaneous equation system developed to predict the private market equilibrium for post agro-industry privatization has the potential to be extended to solve a broader range of economic problems. The equation system can be adapted to applications where there are multiple production regions and monopsony behavior varies by regional characteristics.
Ph. D.
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Osarenkhoe, Aihie. "Improving food product distribution in developing countries : a case-study of Nigeria : an analysis of environmental forces influencing food distribution and recommendations for policy reform /." Stockholm : University of Stockholm-Department of business administration, 1992. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb370230532.

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Willaert, Émilie. "Au cœur de l'Europe en construction : la banque européenne d'investissement, la France et l'intégration économique de l'Europe, des années 1950 au début des années 1980." Thesis, Paris 4, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA040258.

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La banque européenne d’investissement (BEI) a été créée par le traité instituant la Communauté économique européenne (CEE), le 25 mars 1957, afin de contribuer au développement équilibré et sans heurt du marché commun. Ses interventions répondent à trois missions principales : contribuer à la mise en valeur des régions les moins développées de la Communauté, aider à la modernisation, à la conversion d’entreprises et à la création d’activités nouvelles, et enfin favoriser des projets qui présentent un intérêt commun aux États membres. L’exemple français montre comment son action s’inscrit dans l’ensemble des efforts destinés à l’intégration des économies européennes, pour la période s’étendant des débats relatifs à sa création, dans les années 1950, au début des années 1980 qui marque l’entrée de la Grèce dans le marché commun. L’analyse du cas de la France contribue a éclairer sur de nombreux points les conceptions et la politique européennes de la France durant cette période
European investment bank (EIB) was created by EEC treaty, march 25th 1957, in order to contribute to the balanced and steady development of the common market in the interest of the Community. Its loans target tree main goals : financing projects for developing less-developed regions; projects for modernising or converting undertakings or for developing fresh activities; projects of common interest to several member States.French example shows how it action take place in all the efforts made for integrate european economy, for ranging from debats regarding it creation, in 1950’s, to the biginning of 1980’s when Greece became a member state of EEC. The analysis of french exemple contribute to show, on several aspects, on french conception and european policy, during this period
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Books on the topic "Industrial policy – Developing countries"

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Greenaway, David, and Chris Milner. Trade and Industrial Policy in Developing Countries. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-22782-2.

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Endeshaw, Assafa. Intellectual property policy for non-industrial countries. Aldershot: Dartmouth, 1996.

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1951-, Adhikari Ramesh, Kirkpatrick C. H. 1944-, and Weiss John 1948-, eds. Industrial and trade policy reform in developing countries. Manchester: Manchester University Press, 1992.

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Weiss, John. Industry in developing countries: Theory, policy and evidence. London: Croom Helm, 1988.

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Mountjoy, Alan B. Industrialization and underdeveloped countries. New Brunswick, NJ: AldineTransaction, 2007.

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1962-, Wignaraja Ganeshan, ed. Competitiveness strategy in developing countries. London: Routledge, 2003.

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Finger, J. M. The effects of industrial countries' policies on developing countries. Washington, D.C: World Bank, 1989.

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John, Weiss. Industry in developing countries: Theory, policy, and evidence. London: Croom Helm, 1988.

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United Nations Industrial Development Organization. Sectoral Studies Branch., ed. Industrial development strategies for fishery systems in developing countries. [Vienna]: United Nations Industrial Development Organization, 1987.

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United Nations Industrial Development Organization. Global and Conceptual Studies Branch. Industrial policy in the developing countries: An analysis of local content regulations. Vienna]: United Nations Industrial Development Organization, 1986.

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Book chapters on the topic "Industrial policy – Developing countries"

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Osada, Hiroshi. "Industrial and Trade Policy." In Economic and Policy Lessons from Japan to Developing Countries, 41–61. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230355019_3.

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Forsyth, David J. C. "Country Size, Technology, and Industrial Development." In Technology Policy for Small Developing Countries, 37–60. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-10579-3_4.

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Greenaway, David, and Chris Milner. "Instruments of Trade and Industrial Policy." In Trade and Industrial Policy in Developing Countries, 7–41. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-22782-2_2.

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Nuroglu, Elif, and Robert M. Kunst. "Kuznets and Environmental Kuznets Curves for Developing Countries." In Industrial Policy and Sustainable Growth, 175–88. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-5741-0_12.

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Nuroglu, Elif, and Robert M. Kunst. "Kuznets and Environmental Kuznets Curves for Developing Countries." In Industrial Policy and Sustainable Growth, 1–14. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-3964-5_12-1.

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Greenaway, David, and Chris Milner. "Trade Policy and Development." In Trade and Industrial Policy in Developing Countries, 42–59. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-22782-2_3.

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Greenaway, David, and Chris Milner. "Applied CGE Analysis of Trade Policy." In Trade and Industrial Policy in Developing Countries, 162–78. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-22782-2_9.

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Shima, Walter, Pollyanna Rodrigues Gondin, Marcelo Castellano Lopes, and Marcelo Vargas. "Lessons from Brazil's National Computer Policy for a New Industrial Policy on Industry 4.0." In Handbook on ICT in Developing Countries, 37–61. New York: River Publishers, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003346043-3.

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Azad, Humayun I. "Renewable Energy and Green Industrial Policy: Opportunities for Developing Countries." In Industrial Policy and Sustainable Growth, 189–212. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-5741-0_18.

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Azad, Humayun Iqbal. "Renewable Energy and Green Industrial Policy: Opportunities for Developing Countries." In Industrial Policy and Sustainable Growth, 1–24. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-3964-5_18-1.

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Conference papers on the topic "Industrial policy – Developing countries"

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Shi, Lei, Chao Chen, Hongjun Liu, Jiqiang Su, Honglin Zhang, Qun Liu, Yanrui Li, and Jian Hu. "Study on the Policy and Legislative System of Spent Nuclear Fuel Management in Different Developed Countries." In 2022 29th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone29-92948.

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Abstract Spent nuclear fuel is an inevitable product from the development of nuclear energy. Almost all of the fuel content is radioactive, and long systematic process are required for the safety management, which has always been an important global issue. In order to make sure that spent nuclear fuel should be safely managed in different countries developing nuclear power, IAEA is establishing a sharing system of spent nuclear fuel management by concluding joint conventions and issuing safety standards. For different countries, the United States, France and Russia with nuclear power have all established a complete policy and legislative system for spent fuel management. In the US, policy decision of open-cycle has been made, and no commercial reprocessing is being conducted. In France and Russia, closed-cycle strategy is implemented with industrial-scale reprocessing plant in operation. At present, China has become the country with the largest scale of nuclear power under construction in the world. There will be a large number of spent nuclear fuel requiring properly and safely managed. The lessons-learning of how developed countries managing spent nuclear fuel arising is important for China. The authors suggest that it is necessary to combine the top-level design to the legal practice, so that there are laws to respect during all steps of spent fuel management, and responsibilities of all parties are clear.
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Kot-Niewiadomska, Alicja, Krzysztof Galos, and Katarzyna Guzik. "SAFEGUARDING OF MINERAL DEPOSITS AS THE BASIS OF EUROPEAN UNION RAW MATERIALS SECURITY IN THE ERA OF UNSTABLE GEOPOLITICAL CONDITIONS." In 22nd SGEM International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference 2022. STEF92 Technology, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgem2022/1.1/s03.046.

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The economic results of many dynamically developing European countries largely depend on the availability of mineral raw materials. For this reason, securing their supplies from import must be supported by a committed foreign policy as well as a sustainable raw materials policy in the field of their obtaining from domestic sources, both from mineral deposits, as well as secondary and waste sources. Raw material security must be based on the diversification of supply sources and minimizing supply risks. The results of analyses show that the European Union relies heavily on imported raw materials, especially in industries recognized as strategic (renewable Energy - wind & PV; grids, Li-ion batteries (LIB), electric vehicles (EVs), Robotics and defense). Moreover, most of the import sources are countries with high or very high risk of supply. Recently, these risks are higher due to unstable political situation in Eastern Europe. Taking into account above, the European Union should consider the possibility of further development of its own mining industry, based on its own resources. The raw material potential of European countries is significant, but recently problems related to the possibility of launching new mining projects have been increasing. Social, environmental and spatial conditions play a decisive role. In this context, particular attention should be paid to the properly implemented policy of mineral deposits safeguarding which provides access to primary sources of raw materials (deposits), thus reducing dependence from unstable import sources.
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Ale, B. J. M., G. M. H. Laheij, and J. G. Post. "The Use of Performance Criteria in Developing Standard Methods for Land-Use Planning." In ASME 1999 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece1999-1155.

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Abstract The assessment and management of risk has been a matter of public and political interest for some decades. The growing industry and the growing number of industrial products and services and the associated transport of goods have presented more and more partly unfamiliar hazards with which industry itself, but also the population and governments have had to cope. The Netherlands is one of the countries that struggled most explicitly with this problem. In the Netherlands risk is controlled by setting quantitative performance standards for the industry and for the spatial planners. These standards are expressed in limiting values for individual and societal risk. The standards are used in the policy to reduce the number of people exposed to the effects of an accident. In principle, the societal risk for each new land-use plan should be re-calculated. Since this is proving increasingly cumbersome for planning agencies, several methods have been developed to determine the effects of new land-use plans on the societal risk. These methods give the uniform population density from a certain distance around the establishment at which the indicative limit for the societal risk is not exceeded. Correction factors are determined for non-uniform population distributions around the establishment, non-continuous residence times and alternative societal risk limits. Using these methods allows decision-making without the necessity of repeating quantified risk analyses for each alternative proposal.
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Döner, Ayşe Saime. "Cluster-based Innovation Policies: A Critical Approach." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c05.01147.

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Following the shift to a knowledge-based economy, designing and implementing the right institutions relevant to knowledge production has become the main concern of national industrial policies. Regional clustering appears as a commonly adopted policy tool to promote innovation in developed countries as well as in developing countries. In this regard, this paper examines innovation process in detail and explores the instruments that cluster-based innovation policies must support for promoting innovation. Innovation process may require particular coordination mechanisms at cognitive, institutional and social levels. I first draw a conceptual framework to define the essential aspects that need to be favored by innovation policies. This framework is then used to propose instruments of cluster-based innovation policies. While the idea of regional innovation clusters is mainly based on the geographical dimension of successful innovative activities, the success of clusters depends essentially on coordination mechanisms among the actors involved in the innovation process. Putting forward mostly financial incentives for companies isn't enough for clusters to sustain innovation. These clusters may only continue to promote transient innovation activities and not become the focal of a “learning region”, unless they get embedded into a more complex relational setup.
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Rezaeifar, Ayat, Mojtaba Mesgari, and Bahar Mehmani. "Activities in Iran for Standardization of Nanotechnology." In ASME 4th Integrated Nanosystems Conference. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/nano2005-87025.

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The importance of nanotechnology standardization is to reach the main topic in developing standards, which is “uniformity in manufacturing and facilitating the commercialization of nano-products.” According to this goal, activities on standardization in nanotechnology have been started in Iran, where development of nanotechnology is assigned to National Nanotechnology Committee of Iran. This committee is working under direct supervision of presidency office. As written in the committee’s official website [http://www.nano.ir], one of the long term goals of this movement, according to the “fourth development program of Iran” is to reach appropriate share of world trade based on nanotechnology. For this purpose standard developing and quality management system is needed for facilitating industrial and technological cooperation and decreasing costs raised from quality unawareness. So our workgroup has selected nanotechnology standardization as one of its research topics. We have studied current state of different active countries in this field and find out that one can categorize these activities into two major groups, General and Specific. The general activities refer to those looking from the regulatory and nomenclature point of view. In the other side specific activities have done according to local contracts signed between manufacturers, organizations and business start-ups. As examples of the activities started in Iran we can mention: 1. Establishing National Laboratory Network for Nanotechnology by National Nanotechnology Committee of Iran. 2. Collaboration of the Institute of Standards and Industrial Research of Iran (ISIRI) with, International Standard Organization (ISO) for starting the new Nanotechnology TC (technical committee). Today, Iran is one of the 23 active members of ISO TC 229 on Nanotechnologies. 3. Academic research on standardization of measurement procedures used for nano-scale materials. We have gathered or proposed in our research some opportunities specifically for Iran, which may also be helpful for other developing countries to enhance their market position in the upcoming era of nanotechnology. These proposals can be listed as below: 1. Establishing a national committee for managing and regulating of nanotechnology standards; 2. Starting nanotechnology technical committee in Iranian Standard and Industrial Research Organization; 3. Actively collaborating with other countries and international standard institutes, insisting on the country’s core competencies; 4. Introducing Iran’s specific needs to international standard institutes; 5. Equipping national laboratories; 6. Collaborating with international laboratory networks; 7. Developing specific standards based on casual contracts; 8. Activation of researchers to focus on measurement procedures and methods; 9. Participation in regional seminars and workshops and initiation of such activities. With paying attention to these activities, we can find the opportunity of holding a highly referenced database and information center for nanotechnology related commerce. To organize the “nanotechnology technical committee” inside the ISIRI [http://www.isiri.org/], which is responsible for all standardization activities in Iran, we decided to follow the common inter organizational disciplines of this institute, but we suggested assigning 2 or 3 members of this committee, despite others, as full time members. These members would track international standardization activities, and would be the administrators of such activities within Iran. Actively collaboration with other countries and international standard institutes, insisting on the country’s core competencies, would have lots of benefits for country. Taking into consideration that, there is no comprehensive and global accepted nano-standard in the world, through these efforts we can introduce our main interested topics of standardization to international standard institutes (e.g. during our correspondences with Dr. Hatto from UK committee for standardization in Nanotechnologies, we received an offer to notice them our priorities in Nano-standards). To do so, ISIRI has announced his full support of new ISO TC on Nanostandards. To be able to play an appropriate role in this field, having laboratories with advanced equipments is something essential. Because of the reason that these facilities are costly, we decided to take the advantages of National Laboratory Network for Nanotechnology. The laboratories within this network can support nanostandardization process through measurement at nano scale, identifying characterization of nano structures and materials, and their physical and chemical properties (for more information about this network you can visit the following website http://nanolab.nano.ir). Having a well-known and advanced national laboratory network, Iran can provide services to other countries too, and also can become a member of international laboratory networks to develop it activities. The other activity that Iran is interested in is to take part in joint works with international standard making organizations to develop specific standards (e.g. characterization of nanoparticles in ceramics industry). After developing such standards they could be certified through authority standard making organization. Universities also can play an active role in nanotechnology standardization from different aspects. For instance they can do surveys to study priorities of country in this field, and also can study on measurement at nanoscale, characterization of nanomaterilas, test method subjects and etc. Also, some activities in this field have been done in some first rated universities in the country. Participating in regional seminars and making good connections between scientists who are working at this task is another way to have a good background about nano standardization and developing special standards in nano technology. Scientists can co-work in regional universities and laboratories and they can present their research results in such kind of seminars. The goal of such program is making a new task in science and a good relationship between researchers who are working at laboratories on nano standardization and governments. Developing specific standards based on casual contracts makes our universities, laboratories and industries strong for developing standards for special cases. Being strong in such contracts give our industries and universities a powerful goal for developing standards in special cases. Equipping national laboratories and Collaborating with international laboratory networks gives our industries and universities a wide range of abilities for making precision measurements and being in touch with other institutes. The researchers and engineers can use the results of each laboratory for their researches and measurements. In this way the special contracts can be stronger and appearance of Iran in seminars, workshops and commercial relations will be more effective. One of the most important decisions can be finding a proper industry in Iran which can compete in world trade. For this kind of industry using nano materials as the primary materials or in other steps of process and developing standards will be very helpful. This kind of researches will helpful for developing a long range policy for nanotechnology in Iran.
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Özdil, Tuncer, and Ainura Turdalieva. "Structural Change in Kazakhstan Economy (2005-2009): An Analysis with Input-Output Model." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c03.00410.

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One of the main objectives of economic policies of developing countries is implementing structural changes to enhance the economic development. Globalization as well as in all over the world, has accelerated this structural change in Kazakhstan. Despite the fact that concept of the economic structure is wide range, the structural change explained by the different approaches in the research, which is important in reflecting different aspects of the country's economic structure and in determining economic plans and policies. Under these circumstances an input - output analysis of economic structure is the main reason to write this paper. For this purpose, in the given research was used input-output tables prepared by the Agency of Statistics of the Republic of Kazakhstan for the period 2005-2009, to examine changes in the structure of economic production by industrial interdependence; changes in production techniques; the intermediate product effectiveness and total efficiency coefficients, to inform about structural changes in the economy and make contribution to policy and plan making process. Research based on analyze of input-output tables prepared by the Agency of Statistics of the Republic of Kazakhstan as a source of data for the years for 2005 and for 2009. For the purpose of the study structural changes were calculated and compared by industrial interdependence with the production techniques, intermediate production usage coefficients on sectoral and macro-level. Thereby, technical results obtained from the explanation of positive and negative aspects of production in Kazakhstan on sector basis, allows to give recommendations.
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Oruwari, Humphrey Otombosoba. "Green Technological Approach for Sustainable Operations of Oil and Gas Industry." In SPE Nigeria Annual International Conference and Exhibition. SPE, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/217178-ms.

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Abstract Green technology encompasses evolving group of methods and materials for the production of essential nontoxic products by oil and gas operators. Oil and gas are very important drivers for job creation and a pillar of economic growth in many oil and gas producing countries. They play a prominent role in the development of the developing countries in terms of creating employment opportunities. The oil and gas companies also generate waste and pollution from their practices and businesses because of their informal nature, lack of adequate regulation and supervision. The pollution produced by the oil and gas has contributed immensely to the global warming and natural resource depletion leading to many econonmic, environmental and social problems from climate change to local waste. The methodological framework for the study involved the use of literature review and document analysis. The study articulated the contribution of green technologies to sustainable development of oil and gas. Advantages and disadvantages of eco-friendly technology, policy requirement for oil and gas development and eco-friendly small business ideas are discussed extensively. It highlights some of the benefits of green technology such as drastic reduction in waste and pollution, high level job creation, reduction in the effect of global warming and less material requirements. It also outlines the environmental and economic sustainability of green technology. The study advocates for collaborative effort of government, industries, and individual for its implementation.
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El-Moghazi, Mohamed Ali, Fadel Digham, and Elsayed Azzouz. "Radio Spectrum Policy Reform in Developing Countries." In 2008 IEEE Symposium on New Frontiers in Dynamic Spectrum Access Networks (DySPAN). IEEE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/dyspan.2008.69.

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Nurhakim, Adi Lukman, Giry Nugraha, Nurfaza Sagara, Mochammad Arvin Yudha Fitri, Muhammad Rifky Naufal, and Henny Henny. "Waste management policy electronic in developing countries." In PROCEEDINGS OF THE 37TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF THE POLYMER PROCESSING SOCIETY (PPS-37). AIP Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0175818.

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Dossou, Leandre Y. "Developing Industrial Policies In West African Countries." In Joint Conferences: 20th Professional Culture of the Specialist of the Future & 12th Communicative Strategies of Information Society. European Publisher, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.15405/epsbs.2020.12.03.62.

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Reports on the topic "Industrial policy – Developing countries"

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Harrison, Ann, and Andrés Rodríguez-Clare. Trade, Foreign Investment, and Industrial Policy for Developing Countries. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, August 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w15261.

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Giavazzi, Francesco, Tullio Jappelli, and Marco Pagano. Searching for Non-Linear Effects of Fiscal Policy: Evidence from Industrial and Developing Countries. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, January 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w7460.

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Rodrik, Dani. Trade and Industrial Policy Reform in Developing Countries: A Review of Recent Theory and Evidence. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, August 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w4417.

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Tanzi, Vito. Globalization and the Need for Fiscal Reform in Developing Countries. Inter-American Development Bank, October 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0008613.

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Globalization is not a new phenomenon. However, the current form is qualitatively different from past experiences. It provides great opportunities for some countries and challenges to others. A first part of the paper identifies positive and negative effects associated with globalization. The paper then discusses reforms that countries need to undertake to better cope with this phenomenon. These reforms must reduce or eliminate obstacles of a physical, institutional, or policy nature, if they are to integrate the countries successfully in the world economy. The paper discusses next the role that fiscal policy must play. It concludes that developing countries will experience pressures to increase their public spending and thus their tax burdens. On the other hand, industrial countries will be faced with downward pressures on their tax levels and thus with the need to reduce public spending. The paper concludes with a brief description of some fiscal reforms.
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Pietrobelli, Carlo, and Robert Devlin. Modern Industrial Policy and Public-Private Councils at the Subnational Level: Empirical Evidence from Mexico. Inter-American Development Bank, October 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0009309.

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In recent years, there has been renewed interest in the use of industrial polices. The need for modern industrial policies has been increasingly acknowledged in the literature and by the praxis of developed and developing countries, including much of Latin America. Whether a country should have an industrial policy is no longer in question; rather, the issue is how to do it right. Nevertheless, research is still incipient on the experience with the specific institutional arrangements and governance structure required for effective modern industrial policy and the form that such institutions should take. This is especially true in large countries with developed subnational governance structures. One institutional mechanism considered vital to effective modern industrial policy is the modality of public-private dialogue and problem solving that supports a search for obstacles and solutions to agreed development objectives. This paper addresses industrial policy in general, but especially at the subnational level, with new empirical evidence from a large federal state: Mexico. It presents a detailed analysis of the governance of 32 newly created public-private State Productivity Commissions (Comisiones Estatales de Productividad, or CEPs). The analysis also is informed by new research on the longer experience of subnational public-private councils in Colombia's national system of competitiveness and innovation.
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Panizza, Ugo, and Dany Jaimovich. Procyclicality or Reverse Causality? Inter-American Development Bank, March 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0010973.

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There is a large literature showing that fiscal policy is either acyclical or countercyclical in industrial countries and procyclical in developing countries. Most of this literature is based on OLS regressions that focus on the correlation between a fiscal variable (usually the budget balance or expenditure growth) and either GDP growth or some measure of the output gap. This paper argues that such a methodology does not permit the identification of the effect of the business cycle on fiscal policy and hence cannot be used to estimate policy reaction functions. The paper proposes a new instrument for GDP growth and shows that, once GDP growth is properly instrumented, procyclicality tends to disappear.
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Benavente, José Miguel, and Pluvia Zuñiga. How Does Market Competition Affect Firm Innovation Incentives in Emerging Countries? Evidence from Chile and Colombia. Inter-American Development Bank, May 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0004235.

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The effect of market competition on firm innovation remains controversial, especially in the context of developing countries. This paper presents new empirical evidence about the causal impact of competition on firm innovation for Chilean and Colombian manufacturing firms. Using instrumental-variable estimation, our results show that market competition increases firm propensity to invest in innovation, but this relationship manifests differently in the two countries. While this relationship is linear in Chilean firms, an inversed-U shaped relation prevails in Colombian firms. In both countries, however, innovation incentives are mostly concentrated in the medium range of the firm productivity distribution. These findings are robust to including past innovation engagement, import competition, and business dynamics. In addition, first- stage estimations show that competition law interventions improved market competition in sanctioned sectors while business entry reforms significantly leveraged competition across industries. These findings stress the importance of pro-competition regulations and competition policy, not only to benefit consumers welfare but also to support firm innovation.
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Fuentes, J. Rodrigo, and César Calderón. Government Debt and Economic Growth. Inter-American Development Bank, October 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0011505.

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The growth prospects of a nation are stymied by the burden of government debt. This study has two goals: first, it tests whether public debt hinders growth; and, second, it explores whether economic policy ameliorates this effect. A large panel data of countries for 1970-2010 reveal a negative and robust effect of public debt on growth. Strong institutions, high quality domestic policies, and outward-oriented policies partly mitigate this adverse effect. An enhanced policy environment and its interaction with public debt has helped explain the improved growth performance of industrial and developing countries for the years 2001-05 compared to the years 1991-95. Viewing the actual performance of the Latin America and the Caribbean region, South America encompasses the group of countries more benefited by improvement of economic policies, while Central America and the Caribbean lag considerably. A simultaneous sharp reduction in public debt and an improvement in the policy environment induce an increase in the growth rate per capita of 1.7 percentage points for the Caribbean and 2 percentage points for South America. A more conservative scenario that considers an upgrade in quality of policies and a reduction of public debt leads to lower but still significant growth benefits for the Caribbean and South America, by 0.85 and 1.5 percentage points, respectively.
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Choi, Jinho, and Kyung-Seok Min, eds. Education for Future Industries in Asia: Making Higher Education Fit the Labor Market of Tomorrow. Asian Productivity Organization, December 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.61145/dvth4239.

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As the world moves from traditional manufacturing to knowledge-based, high-technology industry, Asian countries are gearing up to acquire new skills and competencies essential for the future industry. While the way forward is to develop new models of skilling and education, there is also a need to improve cooperation between the higher education institutions (HEI) and the industry. The publication presents information about how HEIs from five APO member countries are developing relevant knowledge and skills. It also identifies policy approaches to make higher education more relevant for the digital world.
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Rubalcaba, Luis. Innovation and the New Service Economy in Latin America and the Caribbean. Inter-American Development Bank, June 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0006956.

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The service sector has become one of the most important economic activity in the world economy in both developed and developing economies. Services are crucial for further developing the Latin American and Caribbean countries, providing a strong economic dynamism and creating the source for job creation and welfare. Service innovation is incremental for ensuring strong and competitive growth of services in the region. Agriculture and manufacturing industries also need service innovation to become more competitive. Service innovation shows some particuliarities, distinctive from innovation in goods, such as the relatively less importance of R&D and patents. Service innovation policies are justified by a wide range of reasons, including the existence of market and systemic failures. A number of developed and developing countries have recently promoted service innovation policies, following various strategies. Both horizontal and vertical policies need to used, together with systemic policies to fully integrate services in the existing innovation policies. The case studies coordinated by the Inter-American Development Bank study on services and productivity in Latin American and the Caribbean suggest the need for understanding the peculiarities of different subsectors and countries to promote innovation, maximize its impact, and face a wide range of obstacles hampering innovation in services. The first policy priority would be to raise the awareness of the topic in the policy and business agendas.
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