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Journal articles on the topic 'Industrial prices'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 15 February 2022

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1

Yildirim, Durmus Çagri, Seyfettin Erdogan, Seda Yildirim, and Hamit Can. "The effect of the Trans-Anatolian Natural Gas Pipeline Project (TANAP) on industrial production in Turkey." International Journal of Energy Sector Management 11, no. 3 (September 4, 2017): 404–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijesm-10-2016-0005.

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Purpose The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of the Trans-Anatolian Natural Gas Pipeline Project (TANAP) on industrial production in Turkey. The TANAP is a project which ensures the security of the country’s natural gas supply and encourages a decrease in energy prices. So, this study investigates TANAP’s efforts to decrease gas prices, as well as the effects of gas prices on industrial production. Design/methodology/approach The data include gas prices and industrial production index series. Gas prices are approached for industrial users (nonresidential) in Turkey and industrial production index series have been discussed for whole industries. The Johansen cointegration method has been used to analyze the data, spanning the period from 2005M01 to 2015M11. Findings Results indicate that the decrease in the energy prices has a positive effect on the industrial production index, which is accepted as a basic sign of economic growth. Accordingly, it has been proved that gas priced had a significant effect on industrial production in Turkish economy during the respective periods. Research limitations/implications This study has supported the argument that TANAP helps to decrease gas prices in Turkey. It can be said that a decrease in gas price is expected to have positive effect on industrial production in the long-term. Originality/value The present study shows that projects such as TANAP can help gas importing countries like Turkey to decrease gas prices and increase industrial production. In this context, this study supports projects that decreasing gas prices for energy importing countries in the long term.

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2

Černíková, R. "Influence of price level of imported wine on competition in the wine-production sector in the Czech Republic." Agricultural Economics (Zemědělská ekonomika) 50, No. 7 (February 24, 2012): 317–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/5209-agricecon.

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The paper is a part of solution of the grant awarded by the Ministry of Agriculture (NAZV) No. QF 3276 and analyzes the influence of the price level of imported bottled wine on the competition in the wine-production sector in the Czech Republic. The comparison of the industrial producers’ prices in the Czech Republic with the average import prices of bottled wine in particular years brings us to conclusion that a threat for Czech producers is first the price of the imported table wine (white and red) at present. The average import prices of this wine category varied under the minimal average industrial producers’ prices in 1998–2003. The average import price of the white table wine in containers up to 2 liters was 19 CZK per liter in 2003 and the minimal average industrial producers’ price was 26.90 CZK per liter in the same year. The price level is higher in case of the red table wine in general, but the average annual import prices (in 2003, 23 CZK per liter) also varied under the minimal average industrial producers’ prices in all analyzed years (in 2003, 29.70 CZK per liter). The situation is more positive for the Czech wine producers in case of the quality wine. There is a space for an increase in price. The average import prices were by 25 CZK per liter per year higher in average than the maximal industrial producers’ prices in the Czech Republic in all analyzed years. However, while the average annual import price of the white quality wine increases (50 CZK per liter in 1998; 93 CZK per liter in 2003) and creates a bigger space for the Czech wine producers in the price policy, the average annual import prices of the red quality wine varied around 80 CZK per liter in all analyzed years.

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3

Ljungberg, Jonas. "Prices and industrial transformation." Scandinavian Economic History Review 39, no. 2 (May 1991): 49–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03585522.1991.10408216.

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4

Boshoff, Willem H., and Johannes Paha. "List Price Collusion." Journal of Industry, Competition and Trade 21, no. 3 (April 20, 2021): 393–409. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10842-021-00360-w.

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AbstractFirms sometimes collude by agreeing on increases in list prices. Yet, the efficacy of such list price collusion is subject to discussion as colluding firms might, in principle, deviate secretly from the elevated prices by granting their customers discounts. This article reviews cases of list price collusion in the USA and Europe, and it presents a theory of harm suggesting that a combination of anchoring, orientation on reference points, and loss aversion may render list price collusion effective in raising transaction prices—even if firms set transaction prices in a non-coordinated fashion.

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5

Han, Doo Bong, John B. Penson, and Dennis W. Jansen. "Variance of Agricultural Prices, Industrial Prices, and Money." American Journal of Agricultural Economics 72, no. 4 (November 1990): 1066–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1242638.

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6

Al-Manaseer, Sufian Radwan. "Impact of Market Ratios on the Stock Prices: Evidence from Jordan." International Business Research 13, no. 4 (March 20, 2020): 92. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ibr.v13n4p92.

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This study aims to investigate the impact of market ratios on the stock prices of Jordanian industrial companies listed on the Amman Stock Exchange for the period 2009-2018. The sample comprises 45 chosen from 56 industrial companies. Fixed effect regression analysis applied by using an e-views program. The study found an impact of the combined market ratios on the stock prices of Jordanian industrial companies. Also, the study found no impact of the dividend payout, the dividend yield, and the price-earnings ratios on the stock prices, whereas the earnings per share ratio impact the stock prices of Jordanian industrial companies listed on the Amman Stock Exchange.

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7

ZAX, JEFFREY S., and YIN HE. "THE LAW OF ONE PRICE IN CHINESE FACTOR MARKETS." Singapore Economic Review 61, no. 04 (September 2016): 1550101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217590815501015.

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This paper investigates whether Chinese factor markets became more integrated in the period around World Trade Organization (WTO) accession. This would have required reductions in factor price dispersion. However, prices for 18 agricultural factors between 1998 and 2001 and for 118 industrial factors between 1999 and 2002 varied significantly across 36 cities. Variation declined temporarily for industrial factors, but not for agricultural factors. Sixteen factors displayed many city-specific price components, suggesting that they may have been subject to domestic trade restrictions. Idiosyncratic prices for agricultural factors were concentrated in two cities. However, most cities had idiosyncratic prices for at least some industrial factors.

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8

Kaplan, Fatih, and Ayşe Ünal. "Industrial production index - crude oil price nexus: Russia, Kazakhstan and Azerbaijan." Ekonomski anali 65, no. 227 (2020): 119–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/eka2027119k.

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The study aims to examine the causality between industrial production index and crude oil price for Russia, Kazakhstan and Azerbaijan by using Frequency Domain Causality Analysis. For this purpose, the monthly data of the industrial production index and Brent oil price data over the period 1993-2019 are used. The Frequency Domain Causality Analysis suggests that the uni-directional causality relationship runs from oil prices to industrial production index is valid in the medium run for Russia and Azerbaijan and in the short run for Kazakhstan. However, there is no uni-directional causality linkage between oil prices and industrial production index in the long run for any of the countries. We hope to contribute to the literature by using frequency-domain causality test which examines the interrelation of crude oil prices on industrial production with the periodicity in these countries. The finding of this study is expected to serve as a tool for industrial production policy.

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9

Nguyen Thi Lien, Hoa, Trang Tran Thu, and Giang Nguyen Le Ngan. "The Impact of Oil Prices on the Economy of Vietnam." Journal of Asian Business and Economic Studies 22, no. 04 (October 1, 2015): 142–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.24311/jabes/2015.22.4.01.

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In this paper we study the relationship between oil prices and macroeconomic performance by investigating the impact of oil price shocks on key macroeconomic variables of Vietnam over the 2001–2012 period. In order to test the relationship between oil prices and the value of industrial production, we use cointegration method to consider the long-term relationship and Error Correction Model (ECM) to ponder the short-term one. The test results show that the price of oil and the value of industrial production in Vietnam are positively correlated in the long term, whereas in the short term the volatility of oil prices in the last two months will negatively affect the fluctuation in the value of the current industrial production.

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10

Eichner, Alfred, and Eduardo M. Ochoa. "The Structure of Industrial Prices." Review of Radical Political Economics 20, no. 2-3 (June 1988): 114–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/048661348802000218.

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11

Howland, Marie. "The Impact of Contamination on the Industrial Land Market." SCIENZE REGIONALI, no. 3 (October 2011): 29–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/scre2011-003003.

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This study examines the impact of contamination on land prices and sales in an industrial district in Baltimore, Maryland. We tracked the sales and selling price of land, known to be contaminated, known to be clean, and suspected of contamination because of its historical uses in one industrial area of about 5,580 acres in southwest Baltimore. The results indicate that after the mid-1990s, contaminated parcels have been selling, and the market has adjusted to contamination by lowering prices. Using an OLS model of land prices, we find parcels adjacent to a contaminated parcel - either known or suspected - sold at a 35% discount, and parcels known to be contaminated or had an historical reason-to-suspect of contamination sold at a 55% discount.

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12

Chau, K., and Gaolu Zou. "Energy Prices, Real Estate Sales and Industrial Output in China." Energies 11, no. 7 (July 14, 2018): 1847. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en11071847.

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A majority of energy is consumed to control the indoor environment for human activities and industrial production. The demand for energies for these two uses are reflected in demand for different types of real estate and the volume of industrial outputs. The purpose of this study is to examine the long-run equilibrium and short-run dynamics between real energy prices and demand for different types of real estate and industrial output in China. Energy prices are measured in the real price of fuels and power. Demand for different types of real estate is measured in their sales volume in the first hand market, that is, floor areas of new real estate sold by developers. Industrial output is measured by the net output (value added) of the industrial sector. All data series were tested for stationarity (i.e., the existence of a unit root) before testing for a co-integration relationship. We found no long-term equilibrium relationship between energy prices and the demand for real estate and industrial output as predicted by theory, probably due to increased supply of energy efficient buildings. There is also no short-run relationship between energy prices and demand for housing due to the increase in vacancy rate resulting from speculative demand for housing. However, demand for commercial properties appeared to lead energy prices. Finally, there is strong evidence suggesting that an increase in energy prices will significantly reduce industrial output but not vice versa.

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13

Chishti, Salim, and Fakhre Mahmood. "The Energy Demand in the Industrial Sector of Pakistan." Pakistan Development Review 30, no. 1 (March 1, 1991): 83–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.30541/v30i1pp.83-88.

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The purpose of this study is to analyse the role of energy in the manufaCblring sector of Pakistan. The translog cost function alongwith the input demand equations corresponding to enel'kY, capital, and labour have been estimated, using Zellner's iterative procedure. Time trend has been included in the cost equation in view of the low Durbin-Watson statistics. The results justify the inclusion of energy as a separate factor of production. Price elasticities and Allen-Uzawa partial substitution elasticities have been estimated. Own price elasticities indicate a rather inelastic demand fOl" inputs. Cross-price elasticities show that energy and labour, and capital and labour are substitutes. The partial substitution elasticities between enellY and capital are negative; which implies that higher energy prices will adversely affect investment in capital goods. On the other hand, the positive substitution elasticity between energy and employment implies that higher energy prices would induce more labour absorption.

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14

Quan, Li. "Daqing Crude Oil Price Forecast Based on the ARIMA Model." Open Petroleum Engineering Journal 8, no. 1 (October 22, 2015): 457–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874834101508010457.

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Oil is the lifeblood of the industrial economy, oil prices are affected by many factors. China is a major industrial country, changes in the price of oil will affect many aspects of economic development, and therefore the price of crude oil research is extremely important. In this paper, monthly average prices of crude oil in Daqing from January 2000 to December 2010 are utilized to do the research. Based on ARIMA model by building software using EVIEWS, rule of oil price movements is found and a prediction of oil price is made using the data from the first 10 months of 2011.

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15

Vickers, Chris, and Nicolas L. Ziebarth. "Did the National Industrial Recovery Act Foster Collusion? Evidence from the Macaroni Industry." Journal of Economic History 74, no. 3 (August 29, 2014): 831–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022050714000618.

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We use plant-level data from the Census of Manufactures to study collusion in the United States macaroni industry during the Great Depression. The National Industrial Recovery Act was passed in 1933 to promote recovery through industry coordination of economic activity. While there is no change in the price-cost margin after the law is passed, a variety of markers of anti-competitive conduct suggest that collusion indeed increased. Prices became less responsive to changes in cost, the dispersion of prices decreased, and the persistence in prices increased.

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16

Grantham, George. "Agricultural Supply During the Industrial Revolution: French Evidence and European Implications." Journal of Economic History 49, no. 1 (March 1989): 43–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022050700007336.

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Analysis of the spatial pattern of prices and output in the manuscript returns of the French agricultural census of 1852 indicates that the availability of market outlets was probably the dominant factor determining the rise in agricultural productivity prior to the mid-nineteenth century and that agricultural supply was probably price elastic. The belief that the period of the industrial revolution was one of inelastic agricultural supply is shown to rest on a misinterpretation of the extant data on agricultural prices.

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17

Bernal, Bruno, Juan Carlos Molero, and Fernando Perez De Gracia. "Impact of fossil fuel prices on electricity prices in Mexico." Journal of Economic Studies 46, no. 2 (March 4, 2019): 356–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jes-07-2017-0198.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the impact of fossil fuel prices – crude oil, natural gas and coal – on different electricity prices in Mexico. The use of alternative variables for electricity price helps to increase the robustness of the analysis in comparison to previous empirical studies. Design/methodology/approach The authors use an unrestricted vector autoregressive model and the sample covers the period January 2006 to January 2016. Findings Empirical findings suggest that crude oil, natural gas and coal prices have a significant positive impact on electricity prices – domestic electricity rates – in Mexico in the short run. Furthermore, crude oil and natural gas prices have also a significant positive impact on electricity prices – commercial and industrial electricity rates. Originality/value Two are the main contributions. First, this paper explores the nexus among crude oil, natural gas, coal and electricity prices in Mexico, while previous studies focus on the US, UK and some European economies. Second, instead of using one electricity price as a reference of national or domestic electricity sector, the analysis considers alternative Mexican electricity prices.

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18

Akbulaev, Nurkhodzha, Basti Aliyeva, and Shehla Rzayeva. "Analysis of the Influence of the Price of Raw Oil and Natural Gas on the Prices of Indices and Shares of the Turkish Stock Exchange." Pénzügyi Szemle = Public Finance Quarterly 66, no. 1 (2021): 151–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.35551/pfq_2021_1_8.

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This article is a review on the impact of prices and their dependence on the cost of oil and natural gas on the world stock markets. The main studies and results achieved in the field of the impact of prices on both the stock index and industrial stocks and the dependence on the level of oil prices are presented. The paper presents an econometric study on the choice of offers on the securities market that allows us to identify the main specifics of changes in prices for the stock index and industrial shares in the daily period from 13. 05. 2012 to 01. 12. 2019. The article uses methods for estimating the impact of the price of natural gas and WTI crude oil using the Gretl statistical program, taking into account the selection of the main correlation features of the price matrix. Of the 13 proposed research models, only one model showed its statistical insignificance. A paired linear model of the CocaCola share price dependence and its dependence on NGFO prices was presented and analyzed in detail. Based on the results of econometric modeling, linear regression models were constructed for the dependence of stock prices on the NGFO and WTISPOT prices. The Gretl environment allows you to evaluate the situation in the econometric environment and make a forecast based on the obtained models of the dependence of stock prices and make appropriate conclusions.

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19

Pahwa, Deepak, and Binil Starly. "Network-based pricing for 3D printing services in two-sided manufacturing-as-a-service marketplace." Rapid Prototyping Journal 26, no. 1 (January 6, 2020): 82–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/rpj-01-2019-0018.

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Purpose This paper presents approaches to determine a network-based pricing for 3D printing services in the context of a two-sided manufacturing-as-a-service marketplace. The purpose of this study is to provide cost analytics to enable service bureaus to better compete in the market by moving away from setting ad hoc and subjective prices. Design/methodology/approach A data mining approach with machine learning methods is used to estimate a price range based on the profile characteristics of 3D printing service suppliers. The model considers factors such as supplier experience, supplier capabilities, customer reviews and ratings from past orders and scale of operations, among others, to estimate a price range for suppliers’ services. Data were gathered from existing marketplace websites, which were then used to train and test the model. Findings The model demonstrates an accuracy of 65 per cent for US-based suppliers and 59 per cent for Europe-based suppliers to classify a supplier’s 3D printer listing in one of the seven price categories. The improvement over baseline accuracy of 25 per cent demonstrates that machine learning-based methods are promising for network-based pricing in manufacturing marketplaces Originality/value Conventional methodologies for pricing services through activity-based costing are inefficient in strategically priced 3-D printing service offering in a connected marketplace. As opposed to arbitrarily determining prices, this work proposes an approach to determine prices through data mining methods to estimate competitive prices. Such tools can be built into online marketplaces to help independent service bureaus to determine service price rates.

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20

Hwang, Hong, and Chao-Cheng Mai. "Industrial location and rising energy prices." Regional Science and Urban Economics 17, no. 2 (January 1987): 255–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0166-0462(87)90049-4.

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21

Guerard, John. "Mergers, stock prices, and industrial production." Economics Letters 30, no. 2 (August 1989): 161–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0165-1765(89)90055-4.

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22

McRae, James J. "La stabilité des prix des ressources non renouvelables." Articles 53, no. 4 (June 30, 2009): 587–609. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/800748ar.

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Abstract One particular problem with the competitive solution to resource pricing is the potential for resource price instability. Using monthly data on prices for five different minerals the author examines, with the help of statistical techniques, the behaviour of prices over the years 1922-1974. He finds that fears of potential resource price instability have been overstated. Due either to the capitalization reactions of resource owners, or to the fact that resource markets are characterized by a monopolized industrial structure, real resource prices appear to show remarkable stability.

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23

AbdeLatif Awwad, Bahaa Sobhi, and Ammar Zakaria Abdallh Salem. "The Role of Financial Analysis in Assessing the Prices of Shares of Jordanian Industrial Joint Stock Companies Listed on the Amman Stock Exchange." International Journal of Economics and Finance 11, no. 6 (May 20, 2019): 120. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ijef.v11n6p120.

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This study aimed to highlight the role of financial ratios in evaluating the prices of shares of Jordanian industrial joint stock companies listed on the Amman Stock Exchange; it also aimed to show which of these ratios has a more influential impact on these prices. The researcher conducted a test study survey to analyze the published data of (73) Jordanian industrial joint stock companies. The study sample (n= 18) formed about (25%) of the total population of the companies listed on the Amman Stock Exchange during the period 2010-2017. The researcher used the multiple regression method to identify the correlations between the financial ratios and the market share prices of the Jordanian industrial joint-stock companies. The results of the study showed a statistically significant effect for the Ratio of Circulation (CR), the Quick Ratio (QR), the Profit Per Share (EPS), the Return on Equity (ROE), the Debt Ratio (DR), the Total Assets Turnover (TAT), the Price- to- Earnings Ratio (PER), and the Price- to- Book Value Ratio (PBVR) on the market share price of the Jordanian industrial joint stock companies. However, the study showed no statistically significant effect of the Degree of Financial Leverage (DOL) and the rate of Working Capital Turnover (WCT) on the prices of these companies. In light of the study findings, the researcher recommended that all investors in the Amman Stock Exchange must have the know-how of the financial analysis, and to benefit from the expertise and knowledge of specialists in the financial analysis in order to rationalize their investment decisions and eventually take the best, decisive investment decisions. Companies should also consider the importance of financial leverage ratios and working capital turnover that may be reflected on the value/prices of their shares.

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24

Nikonenko, Uliana, Solomiia Hanushchyn, Galyna Boikivska, Yuliia Andriichuk, and Vasyl Kokhan. "INFLUENCE OF WORLD COMMODITY PRICES ON THE DYNAMICS OF INCOME OF EXPORTING COUNTRIES OF NATURAL RESOURCES UNDER GLOBALIZATION." Business: Theory and Practice 21, no. 1 (June 22, 2020): 440–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/btp.2020.12202.

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A feature of modern globalization processes is their vulnerability to the volatility of short-term capital flows, which, combined with the growing volatility of commodity prices, have created serious difficulties for the economic policies of commodity-oriented countries. Therefore, the study of the impact of world commodity prices on the dynamics of economic growth of countries with commodity exports and the development of an appropriate methodology based on modern economic and mathematical tools is an urgent task. The purpose of the study is the impact of volatility and the level of world commodity prices on income dynamics (GDP and industrial production) using three groups of countries with different levels of economic development as an example. Functional dependencies were studied for three groups of countries: industrial countries exporting raw materials, countries – commodity exporters of low income and commodity countries of the former Soviet Union. The analysis is based on quarterly data for the period 1980–2018 using the Two-Step Least Squares (2SLS) method. We developed a methodology for the economic and statistical analysis of the functional dependencies of the commodity economy, which provides for the simultaneous accounting of the level of world commodity prices and their volatility, allows us to empirically evaluate the mechanisms of the macroeconomic influence of commodity prices on the dynamics of economic growth, primarily income (GDP and industrial production). It has been established that rising world prices for raw materials improves the dynamics of GDP and industrial production of countries exporting primary resources, while the consequences of high volatility of price indices are predominantly negative. If the impact on the economic growth of the exporting countries of raw materials of individual price indices coincides, then the corresponding estimates for volatility can differ significantly.

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25

Nishat, Muhammad, and Rozina Shaheen. "Macroeconomic Factors and Pakistani Equity Market”." Pakistan Development Review 43, no. 4II (December 1, 2004): 619–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.30541/v43i4iipp.619-637.

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This paper analyzes long-term equilibrium relationships between a group of macroeconomic variables and the Karachi Stock Exchange Index. The macroeconomic variables are represented by the industrial production index, the consumer price index, M1, and the value of an investment earning the money market rate. We employ a vector error correction model to explore such relationships during 1973:1 to 2004:4. We found that these five variables are cointegrated and two long-term equilibrium relationships exist among these variables. Our results indicated a "causal" relationship between the stock market and the economy. Analysis of our results indicates that industrial production is the largest positive determinant of Pakistani stock prices, while inflation is the largest negative determinant of stock prices in Pakistan. We found that while macroeconomic variables Granger-caused stock price movements, the reverse causality was observed in case of industrial production and stock prices. Furthermore, we found that statistically significant lag lengths between fluctuations in the stock market and changes in the real economy are relatively short.

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26

Kelly, Morgan, and Cormac Ó Gráda. "Adam Smith, Watch Prices, and the Industrial Revolution *." Quarterly Journal of Economics 131, no. 4 (September 16, 2016): 1727–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/qje/qjw026.

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Abstract Although largely absent from modern accounts of the Industrial Revolution, watches were the first mass-produced consumer durable and were Adam Smith’s preeminent example of technological progress. In fact, Smith makes the notable claim that watch prices may have fallen by up to 95% over the preceding century, a claim that this article attempts to evaluate. We look at changes in the reported value of over 3,200 stolen watches from criminal trials in the Old Bailey in London from 1685 to 1810. Before allowing for quality improvements, we find that the real price of watches in nearly all categories falls steadily by 1.3% a year, equivalent to a fall of 75% over a century, showing that sustained innovation in the production of a highly complex artifact had already appeared in one important sector of the British economy by the early eighteenth century.

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Ewing, Bradley T., and Mark A. Thompson. "Dynamic cyclical comovements of oil prices with industrial production, consumer prices, unemployment, and stock prices." Energy Policy 35, no. 11 (November 2007): 5535–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2007.05.018.

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28

Lestage, Romain. "Input Prices and Product Differentiation." B.E. Journal of Economic Analysis & Policy 16, no. 3 (July 1, 2016): 1611–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/bejeap-2016-0015.

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Abstract In this paper, we study how input prices affect product differentiation in network industries. In particular, we study whether the principle of vertical differentiation (Choi and Shin 1992, “A Comment on a Model of Vertical Product Differentiation.” The Journal of Industrial Economics 40 (2):229–31; Wauthy 1996, “Quality Choice in Models of Vertical Differentiation.” The Journal of Industrial Economics 44 (3):345–53) remains valid when an entrant purchases an essential input from an incumbent at a regulated price. We find that the higher quality firm always chooses the best available quality, whereas the lower quality firm chooses an intermediate quality, which increases with the input price. If the higher quality firm is the incumbent, a cost-oriented input price maximizes welfare, but comes at the cost of a lower average quality, a higher degree of product differentiation, and therefore stronger downstream market power.

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Yeboah, Osei, Saleem Shaik, and Albert Allen. "Exchange Rates Impacts on Agricultural Inputs Prices using VAR." Journal of Agricultural and Applied Economics 41, no. 2 (August 2009): 511–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1074070800002960.

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The effects of the U.S. dollar exchange rate versus the Mexican peso are evaluated for four traded nonfarm-produced inputs (fertilizer, chemicals, farm machinery, and feed) in the U.S. Unit root tests suggest that the exchange rate and the four input price ratios support the presence of unit roots with a trend model but the presence unit roots can be rejected in the first difference model. This result is consistent with a fixed price/flex price conceptual framework, with industrial prices more likely to be unresponsive to the exchange rate than farm commodity prices.

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Bojnec, Štefan, and Drago Papler. "Deregulation of Electricity Market and Drivers of Demand for Electrical Energy in Industry." Management and Production Engineering Review 7, no. 3 (September 1, 2016): 4–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/mper-2016-0021.

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Abstract This paper investigates deregulation of electricity market focusing on electricity prices and drivers of demand for electrical energy in industry in Slovenia. The patterns in evolution of real electricity price developments and the three main components of the electricity price are calculated: liberalized market share for purchased electricity price, regulated infrastructure share for use of electricity network grids and mandatory state charges in the sale of electricity (duty, excise duty and value-added tax). To calculate the real value of electricity prices, producer price index of industrial commodities for electricity prices in industry is used as deflator and implicit deflator of gross domestic product for the size of the economy. In the empirical econometric part is used regression analysis for the amount electricity consumption in the industry depending on the real gross domestic product, direct and cross-price elasticity for natural gas prices in the industry. The results confirmed volatility in real electricity price developments with their increasing tendency and the increasing share of different taxes and state charges in the electricity prices for industry. Demand for electrical energy in industry is positively associated with gross domestic product and price of natural gas as substitute for electrical energy in industry use, and negatively associated with prices of electrical energy for industry.

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Wei, Qi, Yuanyuan Bian, and Xuejuan Yang. "Influencing factors of price fluctuation in China’s carbon market." E3S Web of Conferences 218 (2020): 01044. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202021801044.

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Carbon emission trading is an important countermeasure for countries around the world to cope with the challenge of climate change. Price signals in the carbon market play an important stabilizing role. Therefore, research on the factors affecting carbon price fluctuations is of great significance. Based on this, an empirical study on the fluctuation factors of carbon price in China’s pilot carbon market showed that: gross industrial output, coal consumption and the number of extreme weather have a positive impact on carbon prices, while the technology innovation index has a negative impact on carbon prices. This article puts forward suggestions on the construction of the carbon market, stabilizes carbon prices, and promotes the development of China’s carbon market.

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Khder, Salah I., Abdulgader Alwakeel, Abeya SaifAldawla, Asmahan A. Ali, Muhtadi Kadoma, Narmeen Hassan, Sidig Mohammed, and Mohamed Awad Mousnad. "Measuring Availability and Prices of Locally Produced and Imported Medicines in Sudan." Journal of Medical Informatics and Decision Making 1, no. 2 (January 4, 2020): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.14302/issn.2641-5526.jmid-19-3119.

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Introduction The objective of this study was to compare the availability and prices of locally produced and imported medicines, in particular after one year from medicines importation restriction and to answer the key questions, did local manufacturers able to coverage national needs of medicines and what is the patient prices for locally produced compared to imported medicines in different sectors and regions of Sudan. Methodology The WHO/HAI methodology survey tool was adapted to measure the availability and price of locally produced and imported medicines. Patient price and availability were collected from capital cities of 6 states as per WHO/HAI methodology. Data were collected and analyzed for 50 medicines from the 104 medicines restricted to local manufacturer. Availability was based on whether the medicine was in stock on the day of data collection at the surveyed facility. Prices were expressed as median price ratio (MPR). Results Availability of locally manufactured medicines (LMM) was much better than imported medicines (IM), in the public, (47.2% vs. 14%, respectively) and private (63.9% vs. 23.5%, respectively) sectors. Based on median price ratio (MPR), public sector patient prices for locally manufactured medicines were lowered priced and had a median MPR of 2.4 (n=42) than imported medicines which had a median MPR of 4.99 (n=20). In private sector patient prices for locally manufactured medicines were also lowered priced and had a median MPR of 2.76 (n=45) than imported medicines which had a median MPR of 5.53 (n=27). Thus; patients were paying about 52% less for locally produced than for imported medicines in both sectors Conclusion The survey showed low availability of the basket of medicines surveyed in the public and private sectors for imported medicines (I.M), while not achieving WHO’s target of 80 % for locally manufactured medicines (LMM). In developing countries a lot of barriers are well known to business and industrial need to be resolved in order to maintain availability and self-reliance in drug production as a mean of increasing access to medicines.

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Cavalheiro, Everton Anger, Kelmara Mendes Vieira, and Carlos Costa. "Market concentration in U.S. milk processors and his influence at price paid to cow milk producers." Corporate Ownership and Control 13, no. 1 (2015): 625–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.22495/cocv13i1c6p1.

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In this paper, we analyzed the influence of the four American biggest milk processors into the price paid to producers from 2002 to 2013. Also, we tried to identify the parameters to explain the change in prices paid to producers. The results suggest a moderate concentration. Besides, the industrial concentration of four biggest firms shows a causal flow on the milk’s national price in short time (one year) and that the causal flow in the opposite direction in two years, evidently due to the milk’s production cycle, i.e., the insertion of new milk plants producing in the production cycle will have an impact after a relatively long time, which explains the short-term inelasticity. In other hand, we can see that the international prices have an important influence to U.S. prices paid to producers, indicating some auction characteristics of this product, too confirmed by the influence of the variation of industrial concentration of the four biggest milk processors in this country.

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Bojnec, Štefan, and Alan Križaj. "Electricity Markets during the Liberalization: The Case of a European Union Country." Energies 14, no. 14 (July 17, 2021): 4317. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14144317.

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This paper analyzes electricity markets in Slovenia during the specific period of market deregulation and price liberalization. The drivers of electricity prices and electricity consumption are investigated. The Slovenian electricity markets are analyzed in relation with the European Energy Exchange (EEX) market. Associations between electricity prices on the one hand, and primary energy prices, variation in air temperature, daily maximum electricity power, and cross-border grid prices on the other hand, are analyzed separately for industrial and household consumers. Monthly data are used in a regression analysis during the period of Slovenia’s electricity market deregulation and price liberalization. Empirical results show that electricity prices achieved in the EEX market were significantly associated with primary energy prices. In Slovenia, the prices for daily maximum electricity power were significantly associated with electricity prices achieved on the EEX market. The increases in electricity prices for households, however, cannot be explained with developments in electricity prices on the EEX market. As the period analyzed is the stage of market deregulation and price liberalization, this can have important policy implications for the countries that still have regulated and monopolized electricity markets. Opening the electricity markets is expected to increase competition and reduce pressures for electricity price increases. However, the experiences and lessons learned among the countries following market deregulation and price liberalization are mixed. For industry, electricity prices affect cost competitiveness, while for households, electricity prices, through expenses, affect their welfare. A competitive and efficient electricity market should balance between suppliers’ and consumers’ market interests. With greening the energy markets and the development of the CO2 emission trading market, it is also important to encourage use of renewable energy sources.

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X.H. Bao, Helen, John L. Glascock, Sherry Z. Zhou, and Lei Feng. "Land value determination in an emerging market: empirical evidence from China." International Journal of Managerial Finance 10, no. 2 (April 1, 2014): 180–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijmf-03-2012-0033.

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Purpose – In this research, the purpose of this paper is to assess the relative pricing behavior for land in Beijing, China. The paper sees this as important for three core reasons. First, China has a strong growth economy but is still in many ways an undeveloped country and thus the paper do not have significant data about asset pricing behavior there. Second, China has not traditionally had a market-based land and property transfer system – thus, it is interesting to assess how prices are determined relative to typical market expectations. Third, the authors have extensive evidence on pricing behavior in the USA and Europe but little such evidence on China – are the same variables important in land pricing in China and are there other unique local variables. Design/methodology/approach – This paper analyzes prices of non-industrial and industrial land separately using a comprehensive data set and a semi-parametric framework. The data and flexible model specification allow the hedonic price coefficients to be estimated more accurately. Findings – The key results are that pricing behavior in general follows the traditional expected variables as determined by size, planning use, location and other neighborhood characteristics. However, the authors also find that land prices are associated with buyer characteristics; for example, foreign investors pay less than local investors. Originality/value – The study fills the gap in the literature in two ways. First, this paper analyzes prices of non-industrial and industrial land separately using a comprehensive data set and a semi-parametric framework. The data and flexible model specification allow the hedonic price coefficients to be estimated more accurately. Second, and more importantly, the authors find evidences that land prices in China are determined by both market force and “Chinese characteristics.” The land market, although established only recently, is at work. In line with the literature, determinants such as size and planning uses are found to be important in determining land prices.

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Zhu, Huiming, and Xiuyun Chen. "Asymmetric effects of oil prices and exchange rates on China’s industrial prices." Energy Economics 84 (October 2019): 104551. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eneco.2019.104551.

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Дорошенко, Олександр Іванович. "Determination of electricity prices for industrial consumers." Technology audit and production reserves 4, no. 1(30) (July 26, 2016): 26. http://dx.doi.org/10.15587/2312-8372.2016.74703.

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Harley, C. Knick. "Cotton Textile Prices and the Industrial Revolution." Economic History Review 51, no. 1 (February 1998): 49–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1468-0289.00083.

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Cabrer, B., D. Contreras, and A. Sancho. "Prices Revisited: Their Effects on Industrial Structure." Economic Systems Research 10, no. 1 (March 1998): 31–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09535319800000004.

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Sato, Misato, and Antoine Dechezleprêtre. "Asymmetric industrial energy prices and international trade." Energy Economics 52 (December 2015): S130—S141. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eneco.2015.08.020.

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Tan-Soo, Jie-Sheng, Xiao-Bing Zhang, Ping Qin, and Lunyu Xie. "Using electricity prices to curb industrial pollution." Journal of Environmental Management 248 (October 2019): 109252. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2019.07.023.

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Atteberry, William, and Ronald Rutherford. "Industrial Real Estate Prices and Market Efficiency." Journal of Real Estate Research 8, no. 3 (January 1, 1993): 377–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10835547.1993.12090715.

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Thomas, Jackson. "Environmental Contamination and Industrial Real Estate Prices." Journal of Real Estate Research 23, no. 1-2 (January 1, 2002): 179–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10835547.2002.12091073.

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Sulistiowati, Susanti Evie, Ratya Anindita, and Rosihan Asmara. "PRODUCTION, CONSUMPTION AND PRICE (IMPORTS, PRODUCERS AND CONSUMER) VOLATILITY OF SHALLOT IN PROBOLINGGO REGENCY." Agricultural Social Economic Journal 21, no. 3 (July 31, 2021): 235–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.21776/ub.agrise.2021.021.3.8.

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Changes in production, consumption, and import variables cause the price of shallots to fluctuate. A high and unpredictable price fluctuation increasing the volatility problem. This phenomenon gives results in risk, uncertainty and leading to a decline in the welfare of producers and consumers. Based on the description of the problems above, it is important to analyze price, production, import, and consumption volatility to determined the level of risk and uncertainty faced by producers and consumers. This study uses monthly secondary data (time series) on production, price, imports, and consumption of shallots in Probolinggo Regency, for seven years (2013-2019). The ARCH/GARCH method is used to analyze the volatility of prices, production and consumption. The results from the analysis are the production variable has a low level of volatility, the consumption and import prices have high-level volatility, producer price has low-level volatility, while consumer prices has-high level volatility. From the results means that the risks and uncertainties faced by producers in conducting shallot cultivation are low. While for the consumer means the risks and uncertainties in consuming shallots are high.

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Garang, Zhuoma, Cifang Wu, Guan Li, Yuefei Zhuo, and Zhongguo Xu. "Spatio-Temporal Non-Stationarity and Its Influencing Factors of Commercial Land Price: A Case Study of Hangzhou, China." Land 10, no. 3 (March 19, 2021): 317. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land10030317.

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Investigating the characteristics and mechanisms of the spatial and temporal variations of commercial land prices and its major subdivisions has great theoretical and practical significance in the study of urban economy and its spatial refinement management. Unlike general commodity prices, land prices are influenced by geographical location and tend to fluctuate over time. However, most scholars have not explored the influence mechanism of commercial land prices in both time and space. To help bridge this gap, this study takes the sample commercial land prices in the main urban area of Hangzhou from 2006 to 2015 as the empirical research object and investigates the spatiotemporal evolution mechanism of urban commercial land prices through a comparative analysis of the multiple regression analysis (MRA) with ordinary least squares (OLS), the geographically weighted regression (GWR), the temporally weighted regression (TWR), and the geographically and temporally weighted regression (GTWR) models. Results indicate that the land prices of land for financial facilities (Commercial Land Category 1) and commercial-business land (Commercial Land Category 2) in Hangzhou show different spatial and temporal evolutions and are influenced by the common factors of residential land price level (PL), maturity of living services (EN), and plot ratio (FRO) in the district. Meanwhile the main difference between the two influencing factors is the significant difference in sensitivity to locational centrality and industrial structure. Furthermore, we find that the spatial and temporal evolution of commercial land prices has three main mechanism: location selection, point-axis evolution, and function-promoting. Our findings will provide guidelines for scientifically guiding the coordinated development of urban land price and industrial economy and realizing the fine management and allocation of urban spatial resources.

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Esteban, Javier Cuenca. "The Rising Share of British Industrial Exports in Industrial Output, 1700–1851." Journal of Economic History 57, no. 4 (December 1997): 879–906. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022050700019574.

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Ongoing research on British overseas trade does not support supply-side explanations of British industrialization. Contrary to widely publicized views, the share of British industrial exports in alternative measures of industrial output rose almost continuously throughout the period 1723 to 1851. This finding rests on the official values of British domestic exports, and it is confirmed by new annual estimates of Britain's domestic export, and it is confirmed by new annual estimates of Britain's domestic export values at current an constant prices form 1772 to 1821. Further research on prices, and on Britain's strikingly underutilized trade records, may lead to a more balanced perception of supply and demand forces during the Industrial Revolution.

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NI, Pengfei, Yangzi ZHANG, and Qingfeng CAO. "The Influence of Housing Prices on Urban Competitiveness: Review and Prospects." Chinese Journal of Urban and Environmental Studies 07, no. 03 (September 2019): 1950009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s234574811950009x.

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To examine the impact of housing prices on urban competitiveness, we first sort out the relevant literature on the compositions and performances of urban competitiveness. The internal compositions of urban competitiveness include factor endowments and industrial development. The external manifestations include market size, economic growth and productivity. Additionally, from the perspectives of urban economics and new economic geography, the theoretical basis of housing price’s impact on urban competitiveness is analyzed. On this basis, we analyze the mechanism and direction of housing price’s impact on urban competitiveness. The results show that most of the existing researches pay attention to the impact of housing prices on urban competitiveness through economic growth, industrial structure or production factors. However, there are differences in the specific direction of influence, and there is no research that considers the relationship of multiple influences.

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Chandrashakar, Gudipally. "Prediction and Analysis of Gold Prices using Ensemble Machine Learning Algorithms." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 9, no. VI (June 30, 2021): 4367–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2021.36028.

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In this article, we used historical time series data up to the current day gold price. In this study of predicting gold price, we consider few correlating factors like silver price, copper price, standard, and poor’s 500 value, dollar-rupee exchange rate, Dow Jones Industrial Average Value. Considering the prices of every correlating factor and gold price data where dates ranging from 2008 January to 2021 February. Few algorithms of machine learning are used to analyze the time-series data are Random Forest Regression, Support Vector Regressor, Linear Regressor, ExtraTrees Regressor and Gradient boosting Regression. While seeing the results the Extra Tree Regressor algorithm gives the predicted value of gold prices more accurately.

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Angelova, Jordanka. "MARKET MODEL FOR MANAGEMENT OF PROFIT IN INDUSTRIAL ENTERPRISE." Trakia Journal of Sciences 17, Suppl.1 (2019): 606–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.15547/tjs.2019.s.01.096.

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The purpose of the report is to presents a model for profit optimization and management, which takes into account both the quantity of sales, prices, costs and other factors, as well as new factors related to market and competitors - market share, prices, quality and marketing costs of competitors and others. There are listed features, limitations and advantages of the model. For more clarity, the presentation of the model is accompanied by two main types of tasks related to optimal prices, strategies and costs for the industrial enterprise.

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Elder, John. "OIL PRICE VOLATILITY: INDUSTRIAL PRODUCTION AND SPECIAL AGGREGATES." Macroeconomic Dynamics 22, no. 3 (October 30, 2017): 640–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s136510051600047x.

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Previous research shows that volatility in oil prices has tended to depress output, as measured by nonresidential investment, gross domestic product, and aggregated measures of industrial production in several countries. This paper investigates the effect of oil price volatility on disaggregated measures of industrial production. The disaggregated measures that we examine are the special aggregates by market groups as calculated by the Federal Reserve Board. Our results are reported for three categories of special aggregates: indexes for industrial production excluding two major industries (technology and motor vehicles), energy-related special aggregates, and non-energy-related special aggregates. Our results indicate that among energy-related market groups, the effects of oil price volatility are concentrated in activities related to primary energy generation and oil and gas drilling. Among non-energy-related market groups, oil price volatility affects a broad range of special aggregates, including aggregates sorted by consumer goods and business equipment.

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