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Journal articles on the topic 'Industrial refrigeration'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 21 February 2023

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1

KHOROLSKY, Valentyn, Oleksandr OMELCHENKO, Yurii KORENETS, Volodymyr HONCHARENKO, and Yulіya PETRUSHYNA. "REFRIGERATION SUPPLY OF REFRIGERATION CHAMBERS OF SMART INDUSTRIAL REFRIGERATORS WITH NEURON-FUZZY CONTROL SYSTEMS OF FOOD FREEZING PROCESSES." Herald of Khmelnytskyi National University 303, no. 6 (December 2021): 264–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.31891/2307-5732-2021-303-6-264-271.

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A set of theoretical, methodological and practical problems associated with the creation of an intelligent complex for adaptive control of microclimate parameters, the processes of freezing food products in the refrigerating chambers of an industrial refrigerator has been studied. Accordingly, for this task, the structure of the neural network controller of the refrigeration capacity of refrigeration machines of the process control system of an industrial refrigerator was developed, in which information enters the database, a neural network with a learning module and turns into decision-making modules into management actions on the executive intelligent mechanisms of compressors, condensers, evaporators, minimizing CO2 emissions. A model of refrigeration supply for refrigerating chambers of an industrial refrigerator has been developed, in which the parameters of loading geometry and freezing speed, refrigerant pressure in the evaporator in real time determine the parameters of refrigeration supply for refrigerating chambers. The microclimate of the refrigerating chamber is estimated using a multi-parameter model of a neuron-odd decision tree with two integrated output nodes for classifying the state of refrigeration supply of refrigerating chambers. For the decision maker, an intelligent decision support system has been developed for the main block of the upper level of the process control system for an industrial refrigerator, which differs from analogues in the accuracy of predicting the quality of the frozen product by training the neural network using the backpropagation method. Simulation studies of the neural network control system for the refrigeration supply of refrigerating chambers and the process of freezing products with interchangeable structures proved that the system provides the specified control quality parameters, minimizes CO2 emissions and prevents the loss of taste properties of the frozen product.
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2

KHOROLSKY, Valentyn, Yurii KORENETS, Oleksandr OMELCHENKO, and Volodymyr HONCHARENKO. "REFRIGERATION MACHINES IN THE SYSTEM OF CONSISTENT MANAGEMENT OF ELECTRIC ENERGY CONSUMPTION OF THE COMPLEX ENTERPRISE-INDUSTRIAL REFRIGERATOR." Herald of Khmelnytskyi National University. Technical sciences 313, no. 5 (October 27, 2022): 200–212. http://dx.doi.org/10.31891/2307-5732-2022-313-5-200-212.

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The strategy of the coordinated management of electric consumption of the industrial refrigerator of the enterprise of a food complex on production of foodstuff is offered. The structure of the integrated intelligent power management system of the refrigerator enterprise has been developed, in which the systems of automated control of electricity metering and control of the refrigeration trajectory of refrigeration chambers are built-in. The system uses a situation center, industrial Internet of Things (IIoT), digital platform “FOOD” with software (freezing of food products). According to the ASUE-ACS command, the upper level of the industrial refrigerator and its software fulfill the set parameters of the portfolio of orders for active and reactive capacities of the food complex enterprises. An algorithm for controlling an industrial refrigerator during periods of power system power limitations has been developed. It is proved that the reduction of specific energy consumption for the production of one ton of frozen food during the period of power system power limitations and fan outages is possible only by optimizing the technological and energy parameters of refrigeration machines. Technologies for reducing energy consumption by controlling the reactive and active power of synchronous motors of reciprocating compressors and frequency control of asynchronous motors of screw compressors and asynchronous motors of evaporating condensers are presented. Simulation of the geometry of the in-chamber loading of the refrigerating chambers of an industrial refrigerator is performed. New approaches to the choice of adaptive regulators of synchronous motor exciters have been developed, which are coordinated in real time with the energy modes of operation of refrigeration machines and the geometry of refrigeration chamber loading. The possibility of improving the efficiency of power management regimes of food industry enterprises through coordinated automated control of cooling and freezing of meat products, poultry, fish, dairy products, fruits and the use of automated power management systems by building expert and human-machine decision making systems. The developed systems will allow to meet the requirements of energy generating companies for active and reactive loads, reduce costs in the power grid and maintain the voltage in the nodes of electrical receivers within the established norms.
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3

KHOROLSKY, Valentyn, Yurii KORENETS, Yulіya PETRUSHYNA, and Ivan RASCHEKHMAROV. "IMPROVEMENT OF SYSTEMS FOR MONITORING AND CONTROLLING THE PROCESS OF FREEZING PRODUCTS IN REFRIGERATING CHAMBERS OF INDUSTRIAL REFRIGERATORS." Herald of Khmelnytskyi National University 305, no. 1 (February 23, 2022): 247–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.31891/2307-5732-2022-305-1-247-255.

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The article proposes a set of theoretical and practical attributes associated with design decisions regarding the processes of freezing meat products in refrigerators with a large load capacity of industrial refrigerators. A system of intelligent sensors has been developed to control the parameters of the geometry of the carcass of cattle meat and signs of the state of the evaporators of the refrigeration chamber and the refrigeration supply system of an industrial refrigerator. An automatic recognition system has been developed that works in real time and determines: geometric parameters of local and integral sections of the carcass in the form of a plane, radii, length, width, number of contour inflection points, geometric center of image elements; humidity settings. This system constantly analyzes the space of sections of the refrigerating chamber. An intelligent system for neurocontrol of the refrigeration supply of a refrigerating chamber is proposed, in which two video cameras and matrix sensors with piezoelectric elements for assessing the shape of a cattle carcass are mounted; it has been proved that the expert ink image bank allows using reference methods of comparative analysis. Thanks to the interface with information support subsystems, the system provides the operator-technologist with video information and automatically affects the intelligent actuators of compressors, fans, condensers. A system for neuro-fuzzy control of the evaporator freezing process has been developed, which provides for an expert system, a recognition algorithm, an expert image bank of an evaporator with a snow coat and an intelligent mechanism for the impact of ultrasonic vibrations on the surface of a cooling device. A generalized algorithm for the operation of refrigeration control systems for the refrigerating chamber of an industrial refrigerator and a method for its use are presented.
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4

La Rocca, Vincenzo, Antonio Messineo, Massimo Morale, and Domenico Panno. "A Testing Facility for Refrigerating Plants Equipment Working with New Fluids." Applied Mechanics and Materials 291-294 (February 2013): 1696–700. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.291-294.1696.

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A test rig was built in the department of energy, in laboratory of refrigerating engineering for test runs with a lot of fluid and equipment of various kind for commercial refrigeration. The facility has been continuously improved during the past years and allows to perform experiments aiming to assess the performance characteristics both of conventional and new equipment for commercial refrigeration. In the test rig can be tested a lot of cooling loop filled with a secondary fluid for simulation of their behavior in industrial and commercial plants (e.g.: during exploitation in supermarket and hypermarket for refrigeration of foodstuffs in cold store, display cases and cabinets, etc.). The paper reports main results of the experiments performed with the new fluid R422A versus the original refrigerating fluid R22.
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5

Anand, Gopalakrishnan, Donald C. Erickson, and Ellen Makar. "Subfreezing Absorption Refrigeration for Industrial CHP." International Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration 26, no. 04 (December 2018): 1850033. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2010132518500335.

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The design and operation of an advanced absorption refrigeration unit (Thermochiller) as part of an industrial combined heat and power (CHP) system is presented. The unit is installed at a vegetable processing plant in Santa Maria, California. The overall integrated system includes the engine package with waste heat recovery, Thermochiller, cooling tower, and chilling load interface. The unique feature of the system is that both the exhaust and jacket heat are used to supply subfreezing refrigeration. To achieve the low refrigeration temperatures of interest to industrial applications, all components of this integrated system needed careful consideration and optimization. The CHP system has a low emission natural gas-fired 633[Formula: see text]kW reciprocating engine cogeneration package. Both the exhaust heat and jacket heat are recovered and delivered via a hot glycol loop with 105[Formula: see text]C supply temperature and 80[Formula: see text]C return. The 125 ton ammonia absorption chiller (TC125) chills propylene glycol to [Formula: see text]C and has a coefficient of performance of 0.63. TC125 has peak electric demand of 10[Formula: see text]kW for pumps and 8[Formula: see text]kW for the cooling tower fan. The CHP system, including TC125, operates 20[Formula: see text]h per day, six days per week. All operations of TC125 are completely automatic and autonomous, including startups and shutdowns. Industrial refrigeration is typically a 24/7 load and highly energy-intensive. By converting all the engine waste heat to subfreezing refrigeration, Thermochiller brings added value to cogeneration or CHP projects.
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6

Ph.D., John F. Gardner,. "Thermodynamic Analysis for Industrial Refrigeration Systems." Synthesis Lectures on Mechanical Engineering 6, no. 2 (August 2, 2021): 1–111. http://dx.doi.org/10.2200/s01111ed1v01y202107mec036.

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7

Wilcox, Marcus H. "Introduction to Industrial Refrigeration Best Practices." Energy Engineering 104, no. 1 (January 2007): 23–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01998590709509485.

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8

Pilatte, A. "Industrial refrigeration: Principles, design and applications." International Journal of Refrigeration 17, no. 8 (January 1994): 566. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0140-7007(94)90033-7.

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9

Ust, Y., A. Sinan Karakurt, and U. Gunes. "Performance Analysis of Multipurpose Refrigeration System (MRS) on Fishing Vessel." Polish Maritime Research 23, no. 2 (April 1, 2016): 48–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/pomr-2016-0020.

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Abstract The use of efficient refrigerator/freezers helps considerably to reduce the amount of the emitted greenhouse gas. A two-circuit refrigerator-freezer cycle (RF) reveals a higher energy saving potential than a conventional cycle with a single loop of serial evaporators, owing to pressure drop in each evaporator during refrigeration operation and low compression ratio. Therefore, several industrial applications and fish storage systems have been utilized by using multipurpose refrigeration cycle. That is why a theoretical performance analysis based on the exergetic performance coefficient, coefficient of performance (COP), exergy efficiency and exergy destruction ratio criteria, has been carried out for a multipurpose refrigeration system by using different refrigerants in serial and parallel operation conditions. The exergetic performance coefficient criterion is defined as the ratio of exergy output to the total exergy destruction rate (or loss rate of availability). According to the results of the study, the refrigerant R32 shows the best performance in terms of exergetic performance coefficient, COP, exergy efficiency, and exergy destruction ratio from among the other refrigerants (R1234yf, R1234ze, R404A, R407C, R410A, R143A and R502). The effects of the condenser, freezer-evaporator and refrigerator-evaporator temperatures on the exergetic performance coefficient, COP, exergy efficiency and exergy destruction ratios have been fully analyzed for the refrigerant R32.
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10

KHOROLSKY, Valentyn, Yurii KORENETS, and Yulіya PETRUSHYNA. "THEORETICAL FOUNDATIONS FOR ASSESSING THE RELIABILITY OF REFRIGERATION MACHINE EQUIPMENT ON THE BASIS OF THE NEURO-FUZZY METHOD FOR IDENTIFYING THEIR STATE." Herald of Khmelnytskyi National University. Technical sciences 307, no. 2 (May 2, 2022): 103–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.31891/2307-5732-2022-307-2-103-109.

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In order to design modern smart enterprises such as industrial refrigerators with a high level of reliability of their operation while maintaining the proper quality of cooling, freezing and storage of various types of products, the article analyzes the current level of safety and time to failure of equipment for refrigeration equipment for refrigeration of industrial refrigerators and system analysis of the technical system of equipment of refrigeration machines to determine the requirements for the system for assessing the level of safety of equipment of enterprises – industrial refrigerators. A methodology has been developed for analyzing the state of the equipment of refrigeration machines of industrial refrigerators, as an object of malfunctions. Models of possible malfunctions are constructed with the identification of relationships between technological parameters of operability, reliability and emergency situations. A situational model of the state of the refrigeration machine as a source of malfunctions has been developed, which is distinguished by the ability to identify relationships between parameters, events – the causes of emergencies and the state of refrigeration supply of refrigeration chambers. Knowledge about fuzzy situations is structured and fuzzy reliability models are constructed that characterize the state of the equipment. The practical value of the study lies in the development of a methodology for assessing the reliability and durability of refrigeration equipment based on a neuron-fuzzy identification method, creating a knowledge base and a system for managing the refrigeration plant performance process. Thus, it is possible to manage systems for predicting and monitoring emergency situations in systems for operational monitoring of technological processes for freezing the results of eating.
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11

Ayub, Dr Zahid H. "Industrial Refrigeration and Ammonia Enhanced Heat Transfer." Journal of Enhanced Heat Transfer 13, no. 2 (2006): 157–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1615/jenhheattransf.v13.i2.50.

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12

Manske, K. A., D. T. Reindl, and S. A. Klein. "Evaporative condenser control in industrial refrigeration systems." International Journal of Refrigeration 24, no. 7 (July 2001): 676–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0140-7007(00)00084-0.

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13

Nedjah, Nadia, Luiza de Macedo Mourelle, and Marcelo Silveira Dantas Lizarazu. "Evolutionary Multi-Objective Optimization Applied to Industrial Refrigeration Systems for Energy Efficiency." Energies 15, no. 15 (August 1, 2022): 5575. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15155575.

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Refrigeration systems based on cooling towers and chillers are widely used equipment in industrial buildings, such as shopping centers, gas and oil refineries and power plants, among many others. Cooling towers are used to recover the heat rejected by the refrigeration system. In this work, the refrigeration is composed of cooling towers dotted with ventilators and compression chillers. The growing environmental concerns and the current scenario of scarce water and energy resources have lead to the adoption of actions to obtain the maximum energy efficiency in such refrigeration equipment. This backs up the application of computational intelligence to optimize the operating conditions of the involved equipment and cooling processes. In this context, we utilize multi-objective optimization algorithms to determine the optimal operational setpoints of the cooling system regarding the cooling towers, its fans and the included chillers. We use evolutionary multi-objective optimization to provide the best trade-offs between two conflicting objectives: maximization of the effectiveness of the cooling towers and minimization of the overall power requirement of the refrigeration system. The optimization process respects the constraints to guarantee the correct and safe operation of the equipment when the evolved solution is implemented. In this work, we apply three evolutionary multi-objective algorithms: Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm (NSGA-II), Micro-Genetic Algorithm (Micro-GA) and Strength Pareto Evolutionary Algorithm (SPEA2). The results obtained are analyzed under different scenarios and models of the cooling system’s equipment, allowing for the selection of the best algorithm and best equipment’s model to achieve energy efficiency of the studied refrigeration system.
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14

Yu, Ying. "Study on Transport Packages Used for Food Freshness Preservation based on ANSYS Thermal Analysis." Acta Universitatis Cibiniensis. Series E: Food Technology 20, no. 2 (December 1, 2016): 95–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/aucft-2016-0018.

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Abstract In recent years, as the Chinese consumption level increases, the consumption quantity of high-value fruits, vegetables and seafood products have been increasing year by year. As a consequence, the traffic volume of refrigerated products also increases yearly and the popularization degree of the cold-chain transportation enhances. A low-temperature environment should be guaranteed during transportation, thus there is about 40% of diesel oil should be consumed by the refrigerating system and the cold-chain transportation becomes very costly. This study aimed to explore a method that could reduce the cost of transport packages of refrigerated products. On the basis of the heat transfer theory and the fluid mechanics theory, the heat exchange through corrugated cases during the operation of refrigerating system was analyzed, the heat transfer process of corrugated cases and refrigerator van was theoretically analyzed and the heat balance equation of corrugated cases was constructed. Besides, this study simulated the temperature field of the corrugated box during transportation. The temperature of the goods was changed through different cooling temperature to calculate the minimum energy consumption, so as to achieve the best refrigeration transport packaging program.
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15

Ayman G. A. Essa and Adil A. Mohamed. "Selection of optimal fluid for refrigeration cycles." World Journal of Advanced Engineering Technology and Sciences 1, no. 2 (December 30, 2020): 021–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.30574/wjaets.2020.1.2.0031.

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Refrigeration and air-conditioning play an important role in our life and industrial applications. They have great impact on our life. They have also contributed to the world’s major environmental issues like ozone layer depletion and global warming. Common refrigerants such as CFCs and HCFCs which are working as fluid in refrigeration cycles have unfavorable environmental impacts and this has brought about concerns and regulations prohibiting their production and use as refrigerants by the year 2030. The development of different refrigerants over time took place based on safety and environmental impact issues. This paper, presents the selection of optimal working fluids for Vapor-Compression Refrigeration Cycle (VCRs) based on computer aided molecular design (CAMD) and process optimization techniques. The resulting methodology utilizes from CAMD for the generation of optimum working fluid candidates. Candidates were evaluated as alternative refrigerants for the R134a refrigerating system through simulation using Aspen Hysys V8.0, with restricted by priority coefficient of performance COP, environmental and safety criteria. Ethyl trifluoromethyl ether 1,1,1-TrifluoroButane (new refrigerant) shows a good environmental and toxicity data also have high COP, 4.5, 2.7 respectively and were favored amongst the studied refrigerants as the choice alternative refrigerants to replace R134a. The methodology systematically identified conventional molecular structures that enable optimum VCRs process performance.
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16

Martínez-Calahorro, Antonio Javier, Gabino Jiménez-Castillo, Catalina Rus-Casas, Pedro Gómez-Vidal, and Francisco José Muñoz-Rodríguez. "Photovoltaic Self-Consumption in Industrial Cooling and Refrigeration." Electronics 9, no. 12 (December 21, 2020): 2204. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics9122204.

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The industrial sector has a great opportunity to reduce its energy costs through distributed generation. In this sense, the potential of photovoltaic self-consumption systems in the industrial cooling and refrigeration sector is shown. Two industries with photovoltaic self-consumption installations are shown and the electricity consumption profile of this type of industry which has a remarkable basal electricity consumption during daytime is analyzed. The matching between consumption and photovoltaic generation profiles is provided through the self-consumption and self-sufficiency curves considering different reporting periods (monthly and annual). Moreover, a new index is presented: self-sufficiency index for sunshine hours, φSS,SH. This index evaluates the performance of the photovoltaic self-consumption system when facing the consumption only during sunshine hours. This index may complement the self-sufficiency index and may improve the analysis of this type of systems in the industrial sector. Self-consumption indices of 90% may be provided. Moreover, self-sufficiency indices for total (24 h) and for sunshine hours of 25% and 50%, respectively, for industry A, and 26% and 45% for industry B have been obtained. During daytime, half the load consumption in this type of industry may be covered by photovoltaics while achieving high levels of use of the photovoltaic energy generated.
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17

Khenien, A., A. Benattayallah, and G. Tabor. "CFD Simulation of an Industrial Spiral Refrigeration System." Energies 12, no. 17 (August 30, 2019): 3358. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12173358.

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In the food industry, heating and cooling are key processes where CFD can play an important role in improving quality, productivity and reducing energy costs. Cooling products after baking is crucial for storage and transportation; the product has to be cooled efficiently to a specified temperature (often to fulfill regulatory requirements) whilst preserving its quality. This study involves the analysis of spiral cooling refrigerators used in cooling food products, in this case, Cornish Pasties. Three separate sets of CFD models were developed and validated against experimental data taken in the laboratory and measurements taken in use in industry. In the first set of models a full CFD model was developed of a refrigeration spiral including the pasties, and used to study the heat transfer from the products to the air. Further simulations were carried out on individual pasties to explore the pasty cooling and heat transfer to the air in more detail, with the pasty geometry being determined from MRI scans. In the final set of simulations, Image Based Meshing (IBM) was used to determine the interior structure of the pasty and develop a full heat conduction model of the interior, which was compared with separate laboratory experiments using jets of cold air to cool the pasty. In all cases, good agreement was obtained between the CFD results and experimental data, whilst the CFD simulations provide valuable information about the air flows and cooling in the industrial system.
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18

Bhattacharje, Kaushik. "Energy Conservation Opportunities in an Industrial Refrigeration System." Energy Engineering 105, no. 5 (September 2008): 55–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01998590809509389.

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19

Oh, Jin-Sik, Michael Binns, Sangmin Park, and Jin-Kuk Kim. "Improving the energy efficiency of industrial refrigeration systems." Energy 112 (October 2016): 826–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2016.06.119.

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20

Mumanachit, P., D. T. Reindl, and G. F. Nellis. "Comparative analysis of low temperature industrial refrigeration systems." International Journal of Refrigeration 35, no. 4 (June 2012): 1208–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2012.02.009.

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21

Nedjah, Nadia, Luiza de Macedo Mourelle, and Marcelo Silveira Dantas Lizarazu. "Swarm Intelligence-Based Multi-Objective Optimization Applied to Industrial Cooling Towers for Energy Efficiency." Sustainability 14, no. 19 (September 21, 2022): 11881. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su141911881.

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Cooling towers constitute a fundamental part of refrigeration systems in power plants and large commercial buildings. Their main function is to treat the heat emitted by other equipment to cool down the temperature of the environment and/or processes. In the considered refrigeration system, cooling towers are coupled with compression chillers. The serious world-wide concerns with regard to environmental wear and water scarcity are now common knowledge. One way to mitigate their impact is to reach a state of maximum energy efficiency in industrial processes. For this purpose, this work proposes the application of multi-objective optimization algorithms to find out the optimal operational setpoints of the studied refrigeration system. Here, we exploit swarm intelligence strategies to offer the best trade-offs. This consists of finding solutions that maximize the cooling tower’s effectiveness and yet minimize the global power requirement of the system. Additionally, the solutions must also respect operational constraints for the safe operation of the equipment. In this investigation, we apply two algorithms, multi-objective particle swarm optimization and multi-objective TRIBES, using two different models. The achieved results are compared considering two different scenarios and two different models of the refrigeration system. This allows for the selection of the best algorithm and best equipment model for energy efficiency of the refrigeration system. For the studied configuration, we achieve an energy efficiency factor of 1.78, allowing power savings of 9.48% with tower effectiveness reduction of only 5.32%.
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22

Skowron, Krzysztof, Karolina Jadwiga Skowron, Justyna Bauza-Kaszewska, Ewa Wałecka-Zacharska, Joanna Kwiecińska-Piróg, Katarzyna Grudlewska-Buda, Natalia Wiktorczyk, and Eugenia Gospodarek-Komkowska. "The Antimicrobial Effect of Radiant Catalytic Ionization on the Bacterial Attachment and Biofilm Formation by Selected Foodborne Pathogens under Refrigeration Conditions." Applied Sciences 10, no. 4 (February 17, 2020): 1364. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10041364.

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The decontamination of food contact surfaces is a major problem for the food industry. The radiant catalytic ionization (RCI) method, based on the ionization process, may be an alternative for conventional decontamination procedures. The advantage of this technique is the possibility of its application to household refrigerating appliances and industrial cold rooms. This study aimed to assess the effect of RCI on the reduction of Campylobacter jejuni, Listeria monocytogenes, and Salmonella Enteritidis from the biofilms formed on a glass surface under refrigeration conditions. Bacterial biofilms were exposed to RCI for 24 h and after 12 (variant I) and 72 h (variant II) of the glass surface contamination. In the last variant (III), the contaminated meat was placed on the glass surface in the refrigerator and subjected to RCI treatment for 72 h. The significantly highest values of absolute reduction efficiency coefficient E were found for the bacterial attachment stage of biofilm formation (variant I). The research proves the efficiency of the RCI method in the reduction of bacteria number from a glass surface.
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23

Cirera, Josep, Jesus A. Carino, Daniel Zurita, and Juan A. Ortega. "A Data-Driven-Based Industrial Refrigeration Optimization Method Considering Demand Forecasting." Processes 8, no. 5 (May 21, 2020): 617. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr8050617.

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One of the main concerns of industry is energy efficiency, in which the paradigm of Industry 4.0 opens new possibilities by facing optimization approaches using data-driven methodologies. In this regard, increasing the efficiency of industrial refrigeration systems is an important challenge, since this type of process consume a huge amount of electricity that can be reduced with an optimal compressor configuration. In this paper, a novel data-driven methodology is presented, which employs self-organizing maps (SOM) and multi-layer perceptron (MLP) to deal with the (PLR) issue of refrigeration systems. The proposed methodology takes into account the variables that influence the system performance to develop a discrete model of the operating conditions. The aforementioned model is used to find the best PLR of the compressors for each operating condition of the system. Furthermore, to overcome the limitations of the historical performance, various scenarios are artificially created to find near-optimal PLR setpoints in each operation condition. Finally, the proposed method employs a forecasting strategy to manage the compressor switching situations. Thus, undesirable starts and stops of the machine are avoided, preserving its remaining useful life and being more efficient. An experimental validation in a real industrial system is performed in order to validate the suitability and the performance of the methodology. The proposed methodology improves refrigeration system efficiency up to 8%, depending on the operating conditions. The results obtained validates the feasibility of applying data-driven techniques for the optimal control of refrigeration system compressors to increase its efficiency.
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Pérez-Gomariz, Mario, Antonio López-Gómez, and Fernando Cerdán-Cartagena. "Artificial Neural Networks as Artificial Intelligence Technique for Energy Saving in Refrigeration Systems—A Review." Clean Technologies 5, no. 1 (January 11, 2023): 116–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cleantechnol5010007.

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The refrigeration industry is an energy-intensive sector. Increasing the efficiency of industrial refrigeration systems is crucial for reducing production costs and minimizing CO2 emissions. Optimization of refrigeration systems is often a complex and time-consuming problem. This is where technologies such as big data and artificial intelligence play an important role. Nowadays, smart sensorization and the development of IoT (Internet of Things) make the massive connection of all kinds of devices possible, thereby enabling a new way of data acquisition. In this scenario, refrigeration systems can be measured comprehensively by acquiring large volumes of data in real-time. Then, artificial neural network (ANN) models can use the data to drive autonomous decision-making to build more efficient refrigeration systems.
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25

OLARU, IONEL. "A FLUID FLOW ANALYSIS OF A JET EJECTOR SYSTEM USED IN INDUSTRIAL APPLICATIONS." Journal of Engineering Studies and Research 26, no. 3 (July 27, 2020): 143–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.29081/jesr.v26i3.217.

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Many studies have been conducted for jet ejectors used in the recovery of solar energy or for their use in refrigeration systems for various industrial applications. Generally, these types of ejectors are using water as the working fluid because water have a low cost, a chemical stability and is safe to use. Naturally, other refrigerants, with large-scale application for industry, can be used. In such a type of jet ejector, besides selection of the refrigerant, the design of ejector is very important, with strongly influence to the performance, because the compression ratio depends on the geometry of the nozzle and on the geometry of the diffuser. Compared to other refrigeration systems, those with ejector have some advantages: simplicity in construction, high liability and low cost. However, it has a coefficient of performance lower than conventional systems, this limited the widespread application of ejector refrigeration systems.
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26

MIKHAILOV, A., and H. O. MATTHIESEN. "COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF SECONDARY CO2 SYSTEMS AND WATER-BASED BRINES IN INDUSTRIAL AND COMMERCIAL REFRIGERATION APPLICATIONS." International Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration 18, no. 03 (September 2010): 229–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2010132510000174.

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In this paper, a comparative study of CO2 and water-based brine secondary cooling systems for refrigeration applications is presented. CO2 secondary systems are simple and could prove to be attractive for high temperature (HT) and medium temperature (MT) in industrial and commercial refrigeration applications regardless of climate. Calculations show that CO2 secondary systems give a possibility of energy savings in the range of 10–20% for HT systems and more than 20–30% for MT systems. The design and particular challenges of CO2 systems are discussed. The analysis is illustrated by case studies. Further possibilities to optimized secondary CO2 systems by modulating pressure or applying frequency converters are discussed. The use of secondary CO2 systems in commercial refrigeration installations (supermarket systems) is briefly discussed.
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Yanchapanta, F. E., B. S. Santo, and H. C. Terán. "Training with Virtual Learning Environments for Industrial Refrigeration Systems." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 1335 (October 2019): 012012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1335/1/012012.

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Colonna, Piero, and Sandro Gabrielli. "Industrial trigeneration using ammonia–water absorption refrigeration systems (AAR)." Applied Thermal Engineering 23, no. 4 (March 2003): 381–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1359-4311(02)00212-0.

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Shanmugam, Senthilkumar Kandappa Goundar, and Manu Mital. "An ultra-low ammonia charge system for industrial refrigeration." International Journal of Refrigeration 107 (November 2019): 344–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2019.07.006.

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Sulc, V., and J. B. Berge. "Characteristics of refrigeration systems — extension of the graphical—analytical method." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part E: Journal of Process Mechanical Engineering 222, no. 4 (November 1, 2008): 225–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/09544089jpme196.

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Several different system balance methods and programmes have been developed and used for decades in the refrigeration industry to design refrigeration circuits and components. One of the oldest methods is the graphical—analytical method, developed and used long before computers and even calculators became standard engineering tools. The method is relatively easy and it helps to design and choose proper components. It can be successfully used today in the computer age for a better understanding of the refrigeration system behaviour, enabling the designer to see and evaluate major components, system characteristics, and system trends. This article will introduce the graphical—analytical method for the simplest refrigeration systems and later extend it to more complex refrigeration systems.
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Cyklis, Piotr, and Karina Janisz. "An innovative ecological hybrid refrigeration cycle for high power refrigeration facility." Chemical and Process Engineering 36, no. 3 (September 1, 2015): 321–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/cpe-2015-0022.

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Abstract Searching for new refrigerants is one of the most significant scientific problems in refrigeration. There are ecological refrigerants commonly known: H2O and CO2. H2O and CO2 known as natural refrigerants, but they have problems:a high freezing point of H2O and a low triple point of CO2. These problems can be solved by the application of a hybrid sorption-compression refrigeration cycle. The cycle combines the application possibility of H2O in the high temperature sorption stage and the low temperature application of CO2 in the compression stage. This solution gives significant energy savings in comparison with the two-stage compressor cycle and with the one-stage transcritical CO2 cycle. Besides, the sorption cycle may be powered by low temperature waste heat or renewable heat. This is an original idea of the authors. In the paper an analysis of the possible extension of this solution for high capacity industrial refrigeration is presented. The estimated energy savings as well as TEWI (Total Equivalent Warming Impact) index for ecological gains are calculated.
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Ituna-Yudonago, Jean Fulbert, J. M. Belman-Flores, and V. Pérez-García. "An overview of refrigeration and its impact on the development in the Democratic Republic of Congo." Journal of Energy in Southern Africa 26, no. 3 (September 23, 2015): 79–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/2413-3051/2015/v26i3a2142.

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The development of refrigeration is a priority in all countries, given the multidimensional roles that it plays in the sustainable development of society. In developing countries, efforts are being made to catch up with the delayed experienced in the use of refrigeration. To achieve this goal, several countries are allowed to trace the history of refrigeration in their countries in order to understand the main causes of non-expansion, and then set up a new strategy of sustainable development for this technology. The Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) is a developing country that has experienced a very interesting history of refrigeration, but is still less known by the Congolese themselves as well as by scientists. This paper has traced out the outline in the history of refrigeration in the DRC. Surveys were conducted in the industrial, health, residential, commercial, and tourism sectors during the colonial and post-colonial period. Results showed that the use of refrigeration in the DRC has been remarkably observed in the industrial sector, especially in breweries, with a cooling capacity ranging from 50.1 thousand to 2.88 million kWh, about 5 659 % between 1929 and 1957; from 3 million to 26.5 million kWh, about 783.3 % between 1958 and 1980, and then dropped to 6.5 million kWh in 2004 before resuming its growth up to 11 million kWh in 2009. The variations in the use of refrigeration during the above periods significantly influenced the economy, in the sense that the economic and social indicators of the country grew from 0.415 to 0.430 between 1975 and 1985, and then declined to 0.375 in 2000, due to political instability, before rising up to 0.410 in 2005.
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Kalambate, Saurabh P., Rajaram N. Gawade, Shailesh B. Khandekar, Dasharath D. Jadhav, and Naveed M. H. Bhatkar. "Performance Analysis of Vapour Compression Refrigeration System by Using R134a and Blend of R290 and R600a." Journal of Advance Research in Mechanical & Civil Engineering (ISSN: 2208-2379) 2, no. 3 (March 31, 2015): 76–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.53555/nnmce.v2i3.359.

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In present scenario, most of the industrial and domestic refrigerators working on vapour compression refrigeration cycle are equipped with R134a as a refrigerant. R134a is having zero ozone depletion potential, but it has high global warming potential of 1300.Hence there is need identified for alternative refrigerant to R134a. This research work is focused on performance analysis of vapour compression refrigeration system with regard to COP, refrigerating effect, compressor work for two refrigerants i.e., R134a and blend of R290 and R600a in the proportion of 60%+40% respectively as an alternative refrigerant. Performance measure like compressor discharge temperature is also considered for analysis. The results of blend of R290 and R600a are compared with halogenated hydrocarbon R134a. Trials are conducted for R134a and blend of R290 and R600a. Results showed that COP for R134a refrigerant increases with decreases in evaporator temperature and for blend of R290 and R600a it tries to remain constant. The maximum value of COP achieved for R134a and blend R290and R600a are 3.11 and 4.09 respectively.
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Zheng, Hui-Fan, Guo-Ji Tian, Qiao-Ping Niu, Yuan-Qing Ma, Zhi-Qiang Li, and En-Hai Liu. "Application of industrial waste heat in solar refrigerant system: An example of a textile factory in Jinjiang." Thermal Science 23, no. 4 (2019): 2495–500. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/tsci1904495z.

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A waste heat recovery solar ejector-compression refrigeration system was designed, and a thermodynamic model was established to deal with the waste heat produced by a textile factory in China. The influence of the outlet temperature of the heat recovery device on the coefficient of performance and the generator heat load were researched under different refrigerants, the energy saving efficiency between waste heat recovery solar ejector-compression refrigeration system and its conventional solar ejector refrigeration system was compared. This paper showed that a higher outlet temperature resulted in a lower heat load of generator and a higher coefficient of performance. When the temperature increment was 30?C, the heat load of the generator could be saved by 31.98%, and the coefficient of performance could be increased by 42.94%.
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Cárcel-Carrasco, Javier, Manuel Pascual-Guillamón, and Fidel Salas-Vicente. "Improve the Energy Efficiency of the Cooling System by Slide Regulating the Capacity of Refrigerator Compressors." Applied Sciences 11, no. 5 (February 25, 2021): 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11052019.

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A fundamental part of the electric consumption of the main industries of the food sector comes from the refrigeration production, needed in all production phases. Therefore, every measure that aims to optimize the electric consumption and increase the efficiency of centralized industrial refrigeration systems will help the energetic waste of the company, improving reliability and maintenance. Acting on the regulation of capacity of power compressors used can be a good way to save energy. This article shows a case studied by the authors in an industrial company in the meat industry in Spain, where the refrigeration systems have a great importance in the productive process. It displays the methodology used, the description of the taken actions and the results obtained. These combined measures brought about an improvement, with an energetic saving value reaching 400 MWh per year, leading to an equivalent in CO2 emission reduction of 147.9 tons.
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Li, M., H. B. Huang, R. Z. Wang, L. L. Wang, W. M. Yang, and W. D. Cai. "Study on intermittent refrigeration phenomenon for solar solid adsorption refrigeration." Applied Thermal Engineering 25, no. 11-12 (August 2005): 1614–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2004.11.010.

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Zhang, Jian Yi. "Optimal Configuration of Evaporative Condensers in Refrigerating Plants Based on Part Load." Advanced Materials Research 516-517 (May 2012): 1176–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.516-517.1176.

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The operating records of a typical industrial refrigeration plant in Xiamen, China are analyzed. Based on the results, the ratio of the heat exhaust of the operating condensers to that of the total condensers is calculated over each time period to obtain the regulation of part load. The energy consumption and the payback period are calculated for two typical refrigerating plants under different schemes based on the regulation of part load. Results show that energy savings will be 53.6% when condensers are optimally configured based on such regulation. The payback period is 0.8-1.7 years in some cases, whilst in other cases there is actually no additional investment required.
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38

Velkar, Rajendra B., Nagesh S. More, Vaibhav K. Dongare, Anirudha G. Mulgund, Vaibhav V. Gardi, and Dattatray D. Surve. "Experimental Investigation of Water Cooler System by Using Eco-Friendly Refrigerant (R-134a)." Journal of Advance Research in Mechanical & Civil Engineering (ISSN: 2208-2379) 2, no. 3 (March 31, 2015): 52–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.53555/nnmce.v2i3.350.

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With the recent government regulations, of banning the ozone depleting substances and Kyoto protocol later on curtaining to the use of substances which contribute to global warming, conventional refrigerants are to be replaced by the environment friendly refrigerants. Present day mankind depends heavily on refrigeration for his daily needs. This can be noticed by wide range of applications such as for home refrigeration, comfort cooling, preservation and transport, commercial and industrial air conditioning, hospitals, offices etc. These refrigeration system works on simple vapour compression refrigeration cycle. The water cooler system also works on simple vapour compression refrigeration cycle and uses R134a as a refrigerant. It is environment friendly. The performance of refrigerant R134a has been found and the results were used to evaluate the behavior of the system under varying load conditions and to measure the COP of the system. The water cooler system has been designed and fabricated specially for small capacity.
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S.N., Koreshkov, Khvylia S.I., and Lapshin V.A. "The expert assessment of meat mass loss in the refrigeration chambers of meat and meat processing enterprises." Vsyo o myase, no. 5 (October 30, 2020): 36–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.21323/2071-2499-2020-5-36-39.

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The monitoring of beef meat losses in halves and quarters occurring during cooling technological processes at the industrial refrigeration enterprises depending on different technological factors is given in the article. These factors are: quick and accelerating one-stage cooling, quick twostage cooling, continuous and cycled modes of refrigeration chamber during cooling and storing, besides, the age of cattle, quality groups of meat, average temperature of freezing and the way of cooling the chamber, its defrosting and subsequent storage, duration of moisture drainage after wet cleaning and etc. It is shown that there is inconsistency of factual and normative meat losses due to results of practical work of chambers for cooling and storing at some enterprises of the agricultural-industrial complex. Measures and ways on further improvement of normative and standard base with perspective of development and introducing of the individual standards of meat losses in the existing conditions of refrigeration chamber for each enterprise.
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40

Anand, Gopalakrishnan, Donald C. Erickson, and Ellen Makar. "Characterization of Ammonia–Water Absorption Chiller and Application." International Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration 26, no. 04 (December 2018): 1850035. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2010132518500359.

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Ammonia-absorption refrigeration units (AARUS) can supply subfreezing refrigeration for many industrial applications. Such units are usually driven by waste heat or renewable energy at relatively low temperatures. The performance of the chiller is highly dependent on the temperatures of the driving heat, the chilling load, and the cooling water. In this paper, the performance of an advanced industrial-scale ammonia-absorption unit is modeled over a representative operating range. The performance is then characterized by a set of simple equations incorporating the three external temperatures. This simple model helps to evaluate potential applications, predict performance, and perform initial optimization. Case studies are presented highlighting the application of the model.
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Frinhani, Renan de Jesus, Rômulo Brum Moreira, and Daniel Passos Gallo. "Projeto de refrigeração industrial para armazenamento de carne / Industrial refrigeration project for meat storage." Brazilian Journal of Development 8, no. 6 (June 3, 2022): 44002–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.34117/bjdv8n6-096.

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42

Lima, Alvaro A. S., Gustavo de N. P. Leite, Alvaro A. V. Ochoa, Carlos A. C. dos Santos, José A. P. da Costa, Paula S. A. Michima, and Allysson M. A. Caldas. "Absorption Refrigeration Systems Based on Ammonia as Refrigerant Using Different Absorbents: Review and Applications." Energies 14, no. 1 (December 24, 2020): 48. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14010048.

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The interest in employing absorption refrigeration systems is usually related to electricity’s precariousness since these systems generally use thermal rejects for their activation. The application of these systems is closely linked to the concept of energy polygeneration, in which the energy demand to operate them is reduced, which represents their main advantage over the conventional vapor compression system. Currently, the solution pairs used in commercial absorption chillers are lithium bromide/water and ammonia/water. The latter pair has been used in air conditioning and industrial processes due to the ammonia operation’s low temperature. Few review papers on absorption chillers have been published, discussing the use of solar energy as the input source of the systems, the evolution of the absorption refrigeration cycles over the last decades, and promising alternatives to increase the performance of absorption refrigeration systems. There is a lack of consistent studies about designing requirements for absorption chillers, so an updated review covering recent advances and suggested solutions to improve the use and operation of those absorption refrigeration systems using different working fluids is relevant. Hence, this presents a review of the state-of-the-art of ammonia/absorbent based absorption refrigeration systems, considering the most relevant studies, describing the development of this equipment over the years. The most relevant studies in the open literature were collected to describe this equipment’s development over the years, including thermodynamic properties, commercial manufacturers, experimental and numerical studies, and the prototypes designed and tested in this area. The manuscript focuses on reviewing studies in absorption refrigeration systems that use ammonia and absorbents, such as water, lithium nitrate, and lithium nitrate plus water. As a horizon to the future, the uses of absorption systems should be rising due to the increasing values of the electricity, and the environmental impact of the synthetic refrigerant fluids used in mechanical refrigeration equipment. In this context, the idea for a new configuration absorption chiller is to be more efficient, pollutant free to the environment, activated by a heat substantiable source, such as solar, with low cost and compactness structure to attend the thermal needs (comfort thermal) for residences, private and public buildings, and even the industrial and health building sector (thermal processes). To conclude, future recommendations are presented to deal with the improvement of the refrigeration absorption chiller by using solar energy, alternative fluids, multiple-effects, and advanced and hybrid configurations to reach the best absorption chiller to attend to the thermal needs of the residential and industrial sector around the world.
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43

Cirera, Josep, Jesus A. Carino, Daniel Zurita, and Juan A. Ortega. "Improving the Energy Efficiency of Industrial Refrigeration Systems by Means of Data-Driven Load Management." Processes 8, no. 9 (September 5, 2020): 1106. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr8091106.

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A common denominator in the vast majority of processes in the food industry is refrigeration. Such systems guarantee the quality and the requisites of the final product at the expense of high amounts of energy. In this regard, the new Industry 4.0 framework provides the required data to develop new data-based methodologies to reduce such energy expenditure concern. Focusing in this issue, this paper proposes a data-driven methodology which improves the efficiency of the refrigeration systems acting on the load side. The solution approaches the problem with a novel load management methodology that considers the estimation of the individual load consumption and the necessary robustness to be applicable in highly variable industrial environments. Thus, the refrigeration system efficiency can be enhanced while maintaining the product in the desired conditions. The experimental results of the methodology demonstrate the ability to reduce the electrical consumption of the compressors by 17% as well as a 77% reduction in the operation time of two compressors working in parallel, a fact that enlarges the machines life. Furthermore, these promising savings are obtained without compromising the temperature requirements of each load.
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de Miguel, Luis J., Eduardo Moya, José Candau, and José R. Perán. "Fault Detection and Diagnostic System for an Industrial Refrigeration Installation." IFAC Proceedings Volumes 30, no. 18 (August 1997): 397–403. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1474-6670(17)42434-7.

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Canova, Aldo, Giuseppe Laudicina, Paolo Lazzeroni, Nicolas Perez-Mora, and Maurizio Repetto. "Exploitation and optimal management of free cooling for industrial refrigeration." Energy Conversion and Management 198 (October 2019): 111815. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enconman.2019.111815.

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46

Carrir, Fábio Luiz da Costa, Cesare Biserni, Danilo Barreto Aguiar, Elizaldo Domingues dos Santos, and Ivoni Carlos Acunha Júnior. "Implementation of a Floating Head Pressure Condensation Control to Reduce Electrical Energy Consumption in an Industrial Refrigeration System." Applied Sciences 11, no. 24 (December 15, 2021): 11923. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app112411923.

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The growing global demand for energy and the costly taxes on electric energy demonstrate the importance of seeking new techniques to improve energy efficiency in industrial facilities. Refrigeration units demand a large amount of electricity due to the high power needs of the components of the system. One strategy to reduce the electric energy consumption in these facilities is pressure condensation control. The objective here was to develop a logical control model where the physical quantities in the thermodynamic process can be monitored and used to determine the optimum point of the condensation pressure and the mass flow rate of the air in the evaporative condenser. The algorithm developed was validated through experiments and was posteriorly implemented in an ammonia industrial system of refrigeration over a period of sixteen months (480 days). The results showed that the operation of the evaporative condenser with a controlled air mass flow rate by logical modeling achieved a reduction of 7.5% in the consumption of electric energy, leading to a significant reduction in the operational cost of the refrigeration plant.
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Sun, Shizhong, Yanpeng Li, Wenqing Chen, Ziwen Xing, and Hua Liu. "Minimum clearance technology to improve performance of twin-screw refrigeration compressors by spraying coating on rotors." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part E: Journal of Process Mechanical Engineering 235, no. 4 (January 28, 2021): 1082–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954408921989581.

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During the operating of twin-screw refrigeration compressors, the leakage has a significant influence on the performance of compressors. In this paper, a novel minimum clearance technology that applies the abradable coating to the rotor surface is proposed to lessen the leakage. In order to adapt to the application of the abradable coating, the deformation of rotors during operation is analyzed and a suitable clearance is designed based on the fluid-solid coupling analysis. Then, a suitable coating pre-treated by sandblasting is obtained according to the results of friction coefficient and abradability test. Finally, a prototype is tested and the total efficiency, volumetric efficiency, refrigerating capacity, and COP of the prototype are compared before and after spraying the coating. Test results show that the volumetric efficiency and refrigerating capacity increase significantly after spraying the abradable coating, and the input power decreases slightly. As a result, the COP increases by 6.71% and 7.89% at two nominal operating conditions.
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48

Liu, S. Y., P. Wang, and S. P. Yan. "A process for the manufacture of cold, clean, dry air at temperatures down to 173 K and its application in the forced cooling of high-pressure rubber hose prior to wire braiding." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part E: Journal of Process Mechanical Engineering 211, no. 4 (November 1, 1997): 279–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/0954408971529746.

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This paper describes a new technique for freezing braided wire rubber hose with cold air produced by refrigeration using an air turbine. This work details the whole refrigeration system and the procedure, highlights the characteristics of the refrigeration cycle and the design of the freezing chamber and also discusses the present situation of the technique in a wide range of applications. It has been proved in the production practice of the rubber hose that this new technique is a pioneering and effective achievement with low production costs.
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Merheb, Maxime, Rachel Matar, John Marton, Rawad Hodeify, and Cijo Vazhappilly. "Assessment of Simple Methods to preserve Pure Cultures of Aspergillus Versicolor and Aspergillus Niger." Research Journal of Biotechnology 17, no. 7 (June 25, 2022): 65–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.25303/1707rjbt65067.

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The preservation of pure fungal cultures is considered as an important part of applied and industrial microbiology applications. In this study, we are focusing on filamentous fungi preservation as these species are very useful in industrial applications such as wastewater treatment, biofuel production etc. We are presenting an evaluation of three methods to maintain and preserve filamentous fungi: refrigeration on filter paper, refrigeration with glycerol and cryopreservation with DMSO. The three methods were tested on the pure cultures of Aspergillus versicolor and Aspergillus niger. The three methods were successful where the viability measured by colony forming unit CFU counts was confirmed. We suggest that for the short-term preservation of filamentous fungi, the filter paper method could be preferred as it is very simple, quick and effective.
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N., KOMENDA, and VOLYNETS V. "Fridges’ energy consumption management on the base of industrial internet of things technology." Journal of Electrical and power engineering 26, no. 4 (May 24, 2022): 51–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.31474/2074-2630-2022-1-51-56.

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The solution of the actual scientific problem is offered: development of methods and models of reduction of the cost of the consumed electric power on the basis of introduction of system of technical monitoring through introduction of IIOT technology (Industrial Internet of Things). One of the ways of the management of energy consumption modes efficiency increasing is based on the construction of control models of refrigeration units, the initial parameters of which are: internal temperatures; outdoor temperatures; correction of operating modes due to the opening of doorways; the level of filling the refrigeration unit; temperature of freezers. The criterion and relevant model of reducing the costs for consumed electricity was developed. It takes into account a number of restrictions imposed by the technological process and the requirements for the quality of storage of products. Reducing of the costs can be achieved in accordance with the rates differentiated by zones of the day that require the transfer of energy consumption to the night and half-peak zones of the tariff, minimizing consumption in peak and halfpeak hours. Realization of this is possible due to change of temperature modes of fridges - more cooling in hours of low payments and endurance on the minimum temperatures in hours of the maximum payments for electric energy. Based on the proposed models and methods, algorithms for assessing energy efficiency and obtaining a short-term forecast of energy consumption for planning the volume of electricity procurement have been developed. The software developed by us allows to control energy consumption and temperature modes of refrigeration units. Full control is provided: indoor, outdoor and freezer temperatures; facts of opening doors and their duration; the level of filling of the refrigeration unit. Development of methods and models of reduction of the cost of the consumed electric power on the base of introduction of systems of technical monitoring is offered. Based on the proposed model and modern IIOT (Industrial Internet of Things) technology, computer programs have been created that use modern libraries for input, processing and presentation of information, allowing them to be integrated into modern production management systems.
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