Dissertations / Theses: 'Industrial Trust'

1

Cai, Rong. "Trust and Transaction Costs in Industrial Districts." Virginia Tech, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/9948.

Full text

Abstract:

Social capital is becoming a core concept in economics, political science, sociology and public policy. Trust, norms and social networks, constitute the three major components of social capital. These three factors interact together and play a significant role in transactions between people and organizations. However, there is no consensus about the influence of social capital on transaction costs. Some researchers have stated that social capital could reduce transaction costs associated with adapting, monitoring and enforcing transactions; some have analyzed the negative impacts of social capital on transaction costs; and still some have focused on transaction costs in the formation of social capital. Using organizations as the unit of analysis and concentrating on trust, this paper analyzes how trust, the central concept of social capital, impacts transaction costs in inter-organizational transactions. At the same time, it is argued that trust building is costly, and some activities that constitute transaction costs help to form a mutual-trust between organizations. Further, the paper points out that transaction costs and trust differ depending on the characters of transactions. The paper also studies the lock-in effects of trust on inter-organizational relationships and the role of intermediaries to mitigate the negative impacts. Finally, the paper intends to find policy and strategy implications for organizations and government to build a healthy and vigorous transaction environment.
Master of Urban and Regional Planning

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

2

Isaeva, Nevena. "Trust and distrust in intra-organisational relationhips." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2018. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/8616/.

Full text

Abstract:

This thesis contributes to the extant body of knowledge of trust and distrust offering insights into influencing factors in intra-organisational relationships. Drawing on interviews with 50 participants from top UK and USA consulting companies, Mayer, Davis, and Schoorman' s ( 1995) trustworthiness dimensions and trustor associated factors are extended; additional adjuvant trust factors that facilitate and reinforce trust development are identified. These findings also advance understanding of trust by distinguishing between person- and task focused natures of trust. Factors influencing distrust are found to be associated with the distrustor, distrustee's distrustworthiness and adjuvant distrust factors which moderate the distrust development. Questions surrounding the relationship between trust and distrust are raised and considered, revealing trust and distrust as separate but highly associated constructs. Highlighting culture as one of the factors influencing trust and distrust, the thesis also explores these relationships. Following a systematic review, insights gained from empirical research are offered. Building on Chao and Moon's (2005) cultural mosaic, a dynamic conceptualisation and operationalisation of culture is discussed, emphasising particularly the importance of additional associative cultural tiles within the global and diverse organisational contexts. The implications of the findings for future research and practice are discussed.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

3

Mo, Yuet-Ha. "Interpersonal trust and business relationships." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2004. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:1004afdd-05c8-48ca-b6ac-c9bfa671640b.

Full text

Abstract:

The research was multi-method as it combined qualitative semi-structured interviews with quantitative surveys. The thesis concludes by discussing cultural implications for the formation of trust among business people in the UK and China, and future research directions.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

4

Brown, Maximillian. "Trust, power, and workplace democracy : safety and health works councils in Oregon /." view abstract or download file of text, 2002. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/uoregon/fullcit?p3072576.

Full text

Abstract:

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Oregon, 2002.
Typescript. Includes vita and abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 383-408). Also available for download via the World Wide Web; free to University of Oregon users.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

5

Mathews, Martin Victor Curtis. "The sources of trust : an empirical study of trust and suspension in the Arve valley industrial district." Thesis, University of Chester, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10034/326103.

Full text

Abstract:

Strong trust based relationships are one of the pillars of the communitarian model of industrial districts. District literature calls upon trust in order to explain several elements of the model. The existence of trust may explain how a highly fragmented and essentially local value chain reduces transaction costs compared with an integrated firm. It may also allow for closer ties where up to date pertinent information and innovative ideas are transferred between firms. Trusting, long term relationships and district networks are also evoked in the literature as being, in themselves, sources of competitive advantage. Yet despite large sections of district literature calling upon trust to explain the existence and efficiency of industrial districts, few scholars have investigated empirically the sources of trust in local ties. In depth semi-directive interviews with small firm managers in the Arve Valley industrial district near Geneva were analysed in order to examine the context and quality of intra-district relationships (mainly supplier and peers) which were then ompared with extra-district links with clients. The sources of trust are analysed by applying Möllering’s (2006) model of trust based on reason, routine and reflexivity. Findings indicate that managers rely more on a rational calculation of partner’s motives than ‘blind’ adherence to local, historical norms of behaviour. This finding contributes to the view that districts are organizational fields where agents possess large amounts of information about markets, technologies and partners. Managers also demonstrate a willingness to maintain local links over the long term, thus ensuring a crucial element of their firms’ competitive advantage and will adjust their behaviour accordingly. This thesis contributes to district literature by examining detailing the existence and foundations of close intra-district ties created between managers mobilising resources based on cognitive, organisational and geographical proximities. A major contribution to trust literature is the 5 analysis and discussion of the complex interplay between the three antecedents outlined in Möllering’s model in the creation of local trust and proposes that while trust decisions in information rich districts are based more on rational calculation than on local norms and institutions, other trust decisions (with external clients), in the absence of sufficient information are founded on very different bases. This comparison of the foundations of trust in two different contexts highlights the role of identity and routine in the ‘leap of faith’ or suspension of doubt that is trust.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

6

Kreikenberg, Alexander H. "A framework for customer trust measurement." Thesis, University of Gloucestershire, 2013. http://eprints.glos.ac.uk/1330/.

Full text

Abstract:

Purpose – The research on trust, and specifically on trust measurement, has increased significantly over recent years. Although the importance of trust has reached theoreticians, as well as practitioners, the conceptualization, and particularly the measurement, of trust is underexplored within the field of management science. In addition, most trust measurement instruments were designed to suit a specific purpose or situation and therefore are too narrow in focus. Thus, the aim of this study is to conceptualize an appropriate measurement approach for customer trust that improves the practicability of trust measurement for various organizational settings. The focus is therefore to develop an instrument relevant for practitioners, as well as for theoreticians. Design/methodology/approach – After a literature review on relationship management, customer retention and customer trust, this research identifies current shortcomings in trust measurement: chiefly that current trust measurements are not flexible enough to be applied to various customer situations. Following a pragmatist research philosophy, this research first integrates two well established models of trust measurement and secondly expands this to create a more flexible and nuanced framework and instrument of customer trust measurement. The instrument is designed to measure the current and expected level of customer trust, as well as the economic intention and intra-personal level of trust. Three large scale test are conducted in cooperation with three German-based companies, covering non-durable, durable goods and services categories. Various segmentation criteria are applied. With the help of statistical analysis the various level of trust are linked to the intra-personal level of trust, as well as the economic-intent of the customer. Findings – The results from the three large scale studies indicate that the customer trust measurement instrument produces robust results. The instrument can be adjusted to each company‘s needs to measure the current and expected levels of customer (and non-customer) trust. Furthermore the current and expected levels of trust can be measured on a factor-, dimensional- and overall basis. Various segmentation criteria related to target groups can be applied. The overall level of trust can be linked to the economic intention of a customer group, but the indications are too weak to link trust to the intra-personal level of customer trust. Originality/value – To the best of my knowledge, there is no customer trust measurement that combines the measurement of trust in an trust object (trust dimension) and trust characteristics (trust building factor) to provide one trust measurement scale. However, by combining these two entities a trust measurement instrument gains the necessary flexibility and nuance to be used in various situations to measure customer trust. This step seems to be adequate because recent research concluded that this would be the “conditio sine qua non” for a useful measurement in trust research. Furthermore, all previous models and instruments only measure the current level of customer trust and do not link the level of customer trust to economic intention.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

7

Hughes, Andrew Wesley. "Weaving truth with trust : labour management at Early's blanket mill, Witney, 1900-1960." Thesis, Oxford Brookes University, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.363794.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

8

Gandarillas, Carlos. "The impact of web site design and privacy practices on trust." FIU Digital Commons, 2002. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/3448.

Full text

Abstract:

The most significant issue facing the growth of eCommerce is trust. This research was conducted to determine the type of information users are willing to allow entities to collect online, such as a user's email addresses and click-stream behavior, and its affect on trust. This study determined empirically that participants were more willing to submit non-personally identifying data (e.g., clickstream data) over personally identifying information (e.g., email address); participants were wary of submitting any personal information such as an email address; when a participant submits an email address, it may not be his or her primary email address; the opting defaults for solicitations did not affect trust; participants did not read the privacy policy; and that these findings applied to all web sites, regardless of whether they were shopping/commerce, community, download, or informational. Based on the results, several design guidelines were developed to aid web site designers in creating trusted sites.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

9

Salehi, Hugh Pierre. "Mental models of hazards and the issue of trust in automation." Diss., University of Iowa, 2019. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/6848.

Full text

Abstract:

Road hazards have been threatening drivers’ safety. Drivers should perceive road hazards in order to reduce or eliminate risks (Shinar, 2007a). Hazard perception is a cognitive ability which can be improved through practice (Mark S. Horswill, Hill, & Wetton, 2015). Failures in hazard perception can cause adversities (Spainhour, Brill, John Sobanjo, Jerry Wekezer, & Primus Mtenga, 2005). Hence, understanding the cognitive process of hazard perception is important for improving drivers’ reactions and creating human-like autonomous systems. While there is no agreement among researchers about the concept of hazard perception (Baars, 1993; Mica R. Endsley, 1995b; Flach, 1994), most accepted views describe hazard perception as a process (Banbury, 2017). One of the predominant cognitive theories which describes hazard perception as a process is Neisser’s action-perception (Neisser, 1987). Neisser’s model relates hazard perception to mental map of the world and includes limitations of drivers’ memories. The action-perception model alongside other dominant hazard perception theories which describe the phenomenon can only be valid if drivers have mental models of hazards (Mica R. Endsley, 2000). Mental models which can facilitate the hazard perception process cannot be described by dominant theories that describe mental models as cognitive structural and functional models (Preece et al., 1994) In fact, the mental model which can be used for hazard perception and risk anticipation should explain how hazard can fail a traffic system and cause crash. Thus, the first experiment explores the existence of such a mental model by using Schema World Action Research Method (SWARM) cognitive probes. The result proves the existence of subjective mental models of hazards. Mental models are subjective, and drivers can have different preference of actions to a hazard accordingly. Automation of driving requires drivers to monitor the Autonomous vehicles (AVs) behaviors and takeover the control when needed (Banks & Stanton, 2017). For a successful monitoring of AVs drivers should build an appropriate level of trust in systems according to systems reliability (Lee & See, 2004). AVs should produce acceptable results to be considered reliable and drivers should develop accurate mental models of AVs actions and limitations (Walliser, 2011). Drivers will evaluate systems actions by their subjective mental models including mental models of hazards. However, AVs are designed by their designers and have limitations in replicating human-like reactions to hazards (Don Norman, 2016). The second experiment investigates how discrepancies between design models of AVs and drivers’ mental models including mental models of hazards can influence drivers’ trust in automation. In this part, naturalistic method and a Tesla S is used and participants are interviewed after five days of driving by using advanced automated systems. Results show that drivers use their mental models of hazards to predict hazardous scenarios and takeover the control before hazards materialize. Additionally, findings reveal how complexity of the system can result in function confusion, mode confusion, and misinterpreting AVs capabilities, which can result in abuse of automated systems. Results reveal that there is a need for adequate training of drivers on autonomous and advanced systems.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

10

Zanini, Marco Tulio. "Trust within organizations of the new economy a cross-industrial study /." Wiesbaden : Dt. Univ.-Verl, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-8350-5410-3.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

11

au, judith marquis@argylediamonds com, and Judith Marquis. "Factors influencing employee perceptions of trust within organisations." Murdoch University, 2002. http://wwwlib.murdoch.edu.au/adt/browse/view/adt-MU20071218.113552.

Full text

Abstract:

Trust is a complex concept and our understanding of what creates, sustains and builds trust within organisations is variable. The purpose of this study was to examine the antecedent factors influencing employee perceptions of trust in organisations, and this was achieved by aggregating qualitative trust data gathered from four surveys conducted in two related mining companies. Analyses of questions that referred to trust in the 'company', produced one set of factors which described generalised leader behaviours and characteristics that influence employee perceptions of trust in leaders throughout their employing company. Analyses of questions that referred to employees' trust in their immediate managers produced factors that described behaviours and characteristics influencing their perceptions of trust in the leader with whom respondents had the most intimate supervisory relationship. Many factors were common to both phases of analysis, but the most frequently described was Open and Honest Communication. Some factors were unique to the company analysis, including Managers' Competencies, Provides Benefits, Safety Obligations, Stability of Managerial Personnel and Profit Motives. Others were unique to the immediate manager analyses and included Confidentiality, Consistency and Predictability, and Role Limitations. Similarities and differences in factors described within company analysis and immediate manager analysis were reconciled to produce six factor groupings. The different factor structure found in the company and immediate manager analyses reflect, to some extent, the impact of hierarchical distance on the basis for trust. Mayer, Davis and Schoorman's (1995) Integrative Model of Organisational Trust was used as a starting point for factor identification and grouping because of its links to previous antecedent factor research. Several factors not represented in that model were extracted. Four factors described leaders' behaviours associated with employee trust: Managers' Competencies, Benevolence, Integrity, and Investment of Role and Task Responsibilities. Propensity to trust was present, but had two subtly different forms. Contextual Factors not represented in Mayer et al.'s, model were also extracted. These factor groups formed the components of an elaborated model of the antecedents of organisational trust. Exploring trust at the company level as well as the immediate manager level provided important insight into trust behaviours attributed to managers and leaders of the company and those attributed to the immediate manager. Similarities and differences in company and immediate manager analysis provided a strong argument for future trust research making this distinction.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

12

Higham, Tiana-Lynn M. "Training trust in automation within a NextGen environment." Thesis, California State University, Long Beach, 2013. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1524202.

Full text

Abstract:

The projected increase in air traffic density has led to the development of NextGen that is expected to revolutionize the way the NAS is currently functioning. For NextGen to be implemented successfully, it is important to understand the humanautomation relationship within a complex system. Controllers will have to rely on automated tools to successfully manage aircraft in their sector. Increasing human trust in automation can lead to an increase in automation acceptance and its proper use. However, we are not aware of any research studies that have attempted to directly train individuals to trust automation. We report on an attempt to train 8 novice air traffic controllers to trust the automated NextGen tools in a radar internship course. Although the results were not statistically significant, the trend in the data suggests that it may be possible to train trust in automation.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

13

Tomlinson, Edward C. "Cheap talk, valuable results? A causal attribution model of the impact of promises and apologies on short-term trust recovery." Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2004. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1085062874.

Full text

Abstract:

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Ohio State University, 2004.
Title from first page of PDF file. Document formatted into pages; contains xi, 184 p.; also includes graphics. Includes abstract and vita. Advisor: Roy J Lewicki, Labor and Human Resources Graduate Program. Includes bibliographical references (p. 144-157).

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

14

Ivy, Olivia. "Measuring Patient Trust in Their Physician and Its Impact on Telemedicine." Thesis, Mississippi State University, 2018. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10842600.

Full text

Abstract:

This dissertation explores patient trust in their physician and its impact on telemedicine. Telemedicine is using any technology to remotely communicate with a healthcare professional. The first study explores patient trust in their physician by validating the Wake Forest Trust in Physician scale for use in telemedicine research. The original (TIP) scale consists of 10 items and measures four of the five dimensions of trust: Fidelity, Competence, Honesty, and Global Trust. The final validated scale for telemedicine use (T-TIP) consisted of 12 items measuring three subscales: trustworthiness, interpersonal skills, and confidentiality. Study two explores the relationship between patient trust and delivery mode (telemedicine versus traditional interactions). The results from Study 2 indicate that patients trust their physician more in the telemedicine interaction than in the traditional interaction. There was also an effect of location, ethnicity, and frequency of doctor visits on patient trust. Study three delves further into the relationship between patient trust and telemedicine by examining the impact of communication mode on patient trust. Additionally, study three explores the relationship between usability and trust. There was no difference in patient trust scores between text and verbal communication. However, study three did find that as perceived usability of the interface increases, patient trust in their physician also increases. Also, this study found that the text interface had a higher fixation rate and shorter fixation duration than the video interface, indicating that the text interface had less cognitive load. These studies not only provide a tool for measuring patient trust in their telemedicine physician but also demonstrate that there is an impact of patient trust on telemedicine. The fact that patient trust in their physician is higher in telemedicine means that telemedicine could be used to increase patient participation in their own healthcare. Additionally, the relationship between usability and patient trust could be used to increase telemedicine use.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

15

Siew, Min Yee. "The determinants of trust between the Chinese industrial buyers and sellers in Malaysia." Thesis, Siew, Min Yee (1998) The determinants of trust between the Chinese industrial buyers and sellers in Malaysia. Professional Doctorate thesis, Murdoch University, 1998. https://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/id/eprint/52663/.

Full text

Abstract:

Rising popularity of relationship marketing has forced many companies to adopt the relational approach, rather than the transactional approach, when dealing with their exchange partners. Marketing scholars and practitioners have devoted much effort to searching for ways to excel in developing successful relationships, because companies operate in an increasingly, competitive environment. Against that backdrop, trust has been repeatedly acknowledged as the key ingredient for building successful and lasting relationships. The objective of this study is to identify the major determinants of trust in the context of industrial marketing amongst the ethnic Chinese buyers and sellers in Malaysia. This study additionally incorporates the cultural and relational variables, by integrating previous trust models developed by Andaleeb and Anwar (1996) and Ramsey and Sohi (1997), in an attempt to verify the major detem1inants of trust, in the context of industrial buying and selling activities. The study adopted the dyadic approach to empirically examine the antecedents and consequences of trust. It focuses on both the ethnic Chinese industrial buyers and sellers in order to secure a more realistic assessment of the deteID1inants and outcome of trust. Very few empirical studies of trust have made use of the dyadic approach to examine trust, therefore, this study may be considered to be beneficial and more realistic in advancing the understanding of trust within the ethnic Chinese industrial marketing context. Structural equation modelling was employed to test the proposed trust models. The determinants of trust-in-seller were found to be, in order of importance : perceived intention of the seller, trust-in-seller’s organisation, strength of personal relationship, dialect fluency of the seller, buyer's trusting disposition and perceived similarity in cultural value. On the other hand, the determinants of trust-in-buyer were found to be, in order of importance: perceived buyer's intention, buyer’s listening behaviour, seller’s cultural value types, perceived similarity in cultural values, trust-in-buyer’s organisation, strength of personal relationship, buyer’s expertise and dialect fluency of the buyer. The statistical results highlighted the finding that trust-in-buyer and trust-in-seller was determined by several variables. The strength, in terms of magnitude, which the independent variables impact on trust-in-buyer and trust-in-seller varies considerably. Some variables were found to exert a greater impact on trust than other determinants of trust, which spells important implications for the industrial buyers and sellers and company policy makers. Management of companies need to be aware of the differences and devote scarce resources to focus on the more important determinants of trust. One important message that evolved from the study, is the need for companies to place more emphasis and investment on the cultural and relational factors that impact on trust. Although the themes are relatively new in industrial marketing, its importance should not be underestimated in shaping meaningful and successful exchanges between the industrial buyers and sellers. The results of the study confirmed that the presence of trust enhances buyer and seller relationships among the ethnic Chinese businessmen in Malaysia. Together with satisfaction, trust between the buyer and seller dictates the probability of future interaction between the exchange parties, making trust a central concept in the exchange process. Because of the pivotal role that trust play in the buyer and seller exchange process, the greater challenge is not merely to conceptualise trust, but to ingrain and apply the ethical virtue as part of the personal and organisational life. When dealing with the concept of trust, both buyers and sellers should attempt to work towards actual trustworthiness and not rely, solely, on the perception of trustworthiness, because, in the long run, exchange parties will be judged by the actions, not the perceptions or the words of trustworthiness. Therefore, the foundation of trust between the buyers and sellers will only be sustained over a series of recurring, trusting behaviours which constantly provide reassurance to the exchange parties.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

16

Urze, Paula Cristina Gonçalves Dias. "Redes Industriais : Mecanismos de relacionamento entre empresas na zona industrial de Águeda." Doctoral thesis, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/4558.

Full text

Abstract:

Doutoramento em Sociologia Económica e das Organizações
A dissertação parte do estudo teórico dos mecanismos de relacionamento entre empresas em redes industriais. Tomámos como referências estruturantes os distritos industriais e as redes de subcontratação japonesas, dois modelos com características bastante diferentes mas que investem num traço comum, a confiança nas relações de negócio, conceito central neste trabalho. 0 trabalho de campo desenvolveu-se numa rede industrial situada no Concelho de Águeda (e concelhos limítrofes), no subsector das bicicletas. Aí identificámos a(s) forma(s) de relacionamento entre empresas subcontratantes e subcontratadas, e traços de dependência (ou de independência) que se aproximem de relações de tipo hierárquico ou paritário. Compreendidas as modalidades de relacionamento entre as empresas da rede, procurámos então averiguar em que medida, e de que modo, a confiança interfere nas relações de negócio.
The thesis is divided in two main parts. In the theoretical section the mechanisms of relationships among enterprises located in industrial networks were studied. As structural references two models were selected, the industrial districts and the Japanese networks. Either one of these has singular characteristics but both share a common element: trust, a central concept in this work. The empirical section relies in a case study of an industrial network, developed in Águeda (and nearby), within the bicycles' subsector, covering about 20 enterprises. We identified modes of relationship and dependency/independency features among subcontractors and suppliers leading to hierarchical/flat type of relations. After that, we examined how, and to what extent, trust interferes in these business relationships.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

17

Heine, Gardielle. "The influence of integrity and ethical leadership on trust and employee work engagement." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/80031.

Full text

Abstract:

Thesis (MComm)--Stellenbosch University, 2013.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This study investigated the emerging concept of work engagement and how organisational leaders can exert influence on it. It was therefore important to obtain understanding of and deeper insight into the impact of these key stakeholders on the employee’s work engagement and related concepts. The aim of the study was to investigate existing relationships between constructs that play a significant role in the relationship between leader and follower in the organisation. These constructs include integrity, ethical leadership and trust in the leader, and the effect these constructs have on employee work engagement. The study thus was undertaken to obtain more clarity about these aspects. Based on research on the existing literature, a theoretical model depicting how the different constructs are related to one another was developed and various hypotheses were formulated. Data for the purpose of the quantitative study were collected by means of an electronic web-based questionnaire. A total of 204 completed questionnaires were returned. The final questionnaire comprised four subscales, namely the 17-item Utrecht Work Engagement Scale (UWES), the 14-item Leader Trust Scale (LTS), the 17-item Leadership of Ethics Scale (LES), and the 9-item Behavioural Integrity Survey (BIS). The postulated relationships and the conceptual model were empirically tested using various statistical methods. Reliability analysis was done on all the measurement scales and adequate reliability was found. The content and structure of the measured constructs were investigated by means of confirmatory and exploratory factor analyses. The results indicated that good fit was achieved for all the refined measurement models. Subsequently, Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) was used to determine the extent to which the conceptual model fitted the data obtained from the sample and to test the relationships between the constructs. The results indicated positive relationships between trust in the leader and work engagement; ethical leadership and work engagement; ethical leadership and trust in the leader; integrity and ethical leadership; and integrity and trust in the leader. The present study contributes to existing literature on work engagement and ethical leadership by providing insights into the nature of the relationships among these constructs. The study also identifies practical implications to be considered in management practices in order to enhance and encourage these constructs, as well as the relationships between these constructs in the workplace. The limitations and recommendations present additional insights and possibilities that could be explored through future research studies.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die huidige studie is gebaseer op die belangrikheid van werkstoewyding in die werkplek en op hoe leiers in die organisasie dit beïnvloed. Dit was dus belangrik om insig te verwerf rakende die invloed van hierdie belangrike rolspelers op die werknemer se werkstoewyding. Die studie het ten doel gehad om die verwantskappe tussen konstrukte wat binne die organisasie ‘n beduidende rol in die verhouding tussen die leier en ondergeskikte speel, te ondersoek. Hierdie konstrukte omvat integriteit en etiese leierskap, asook die vertroue tussen leier en ondergeskikte, en die graad van invloed wat die veranderlikes op die werknemer se werkstoewyding uitoefen. Die studie is dus uitgevoer om meer duidelikheid oor hierdie aspekte te verkry. ‘n Teoretiese model wat voorstel hoe die verskillende konstrukte aan mekaar verwant is, is op grond van die navorsing oor die bestaande literatuur ontwikkel. Verskeie hipoteses is geformuleer. Data vir die doel van die kwantitatiewe studie is deur middel van ‘n elektroniese web-gebaseerde vraelys ingesamel. ‘n Totaal van 204 voltooide vraelyste is terugontvang. Die finale vraelys is uit vier subvraelyste saamgestel, te wete die 17-item Utrecht Work Engagement Scale (UWES), die 14-item Leader Trust Scale (LTS), die 17-item Leadership of Ethics Scale (LES), en die 9-item Behavioural Integrity Survey (BIS). Die gepostuleerde verwantskappe en die konseptuele model is empiries met behulp van verskeie statistiese metodes getoets. Betroubaarheidsanalise is met behulp van die betrokke meetinstrumente uitgevoer en voldoende betroubaarheid is gevind. Die inhoud en die struktuur van die konstrukte wat deur die instrumente gemeet is, is verder deur middel van verkennende en bevestigende faktorontledings ondersoek. Die resultate het goeie passings vir al die hersiene metingsmodelle getoon. Daarna is struktuurvergelykings-modellering (SVM), gebruik om te bepaal tot watter mate die konseptuele model die data pas, en om die verwantskappe tussen die verskillende konstrukte te toets. Die resultate het positiewe verwantskappe tussen vertroue in die leier en werkstoewyding; etiese leierskap en werkstoewyding; etiese leierskap en vertroue; integriteit en etiese leierskap; en integriteit en vertroue in die leier aangedui. Hierdie studie dra by tot die bestaande literatuur aangaande beide werkstoewyding en etiese leierskap deurdat dit insig bied in die aard van verhoudings tussen hierdie konstrukte. Die studie identifiseer ook praktiese implikasies om in bestuurspraktyke in aanmerking geneem te word om die betrokke konstrukte, asook die verwantskappe tussen die veranderlikes, te versterk en aan te moedig. Die beperkings en aanbevelings van die studie dui op verdere insig en moontlikhede wat in toekomstige navorsing ondersoek kan word.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

18

Milecki, Heather H. "Virtual Agent Interaction – Improving Cognitive Abilities and Trust for a Complex Visual Search Task." Wright State University / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wright1432811719.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

19

Runnberg, Andreas. "Consumer Benefit and Anti-trust : A Studie on Microsoft’s Anticompetitive Behavior." Thesis, Jönköping University, JIBS, Economics, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-905.

Full text

Abstract:

Denna uppsatts ämnar ge bättre förståelse för företagsstrategier som kan, och har blivit be-visade, strida mot konkurrenslagarna i USA samt Europa. Konkurrenslagarna har skapats för att upprätthålla perfekt konkurrens på marknaden. Konsumentnytta står ofta i fokus när vi ska definiera den perfekta marknadsplatsen. Vi kommer att se hur perfekt konkur-rens är skapad och sedan krossat med fusioner, kombinationsförsäljning och försök att bygga monopolistiskt övertag. För att vinna marknadsandelar och differentiera från kon-kurrenter på marknaden använder sig företag av olika strategier. Här kommer vi att se kvantitetsättade strategier samt produktbindande strategier.

Denna studie fokuserar på Microsoft fallet där vi får följa företaget genom rättsprocesserna i USA och Europadomstolen, där företaget har använt sig av tekniska inställningar för att tvinga konsumenter fortsätta använda deras produkter. Microsoft har större delen av marknaden för persondatorer och har bevisligen utnyttjat sin monopolistiska position på marknaden för att exkludera konkurrenter från marknaden. Många ekonomer har påstått att Shermanakten är tillräckligt utförlig för att döma alla konkurrensfall, medan andra påstår att man inte kan applicera konkurrenslagarna vid Microsoft fallet då nätverkseffekter skapar en odefinierbar marknad.

Utmaningen visar sig vara att jämföra värdet och standardiseringsfördelarna med skadan mot marknadskonkurrenter. De nuvarande konkurrenslagarna förutsätter, i de flesta avse-enden, att det är fler än en aktör som tillsammans agerar för att bestämma prissättningen på marknaden. Det har därför varit svårt att se hur Microsoft skulle kunna bryta mot dessa la-gar som en ensam aktör. Konkurrenslagarna är skapade för kunders nytta, och det finns inga bevis att Microsoft hämmar detta, tvärtom har Microsoft bara främjat konsumentnyt-tan.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

20

DeLauro, Maria. "A graphic identity system for the Genesee Land Trust /." Online version of thesis, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/1850/11613.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

21

Aucamp, Linza. "The influence of transformational leadership on trust, psychological empowerment, and team effectiveness." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/86572.

Full text

Abstract:

Thesis (MComm)--Stellenbosch University, 2014.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This study investigated the growing phenomenon of teams in the workplace, and how team effectiveness can be established. It was therefore important to establish what contributes to team effectiveness. The aim of this study was to investigate existing relationships between constructs that play a significant role in enhancing team effectiveness. These constructs include transformational leadership, organisational trust, and psychological empowerment. This study was therefore undertaken to obtain more clarity about these aspects. Based on existing literature, a theoretical model depicting how the different constructs are related to one another was developed and various hypotheses were formulated. Data for the purpose of the quantitative study were collected by means of an electronic web-based questionnaire. A total of 224 completed questionnaires were returned. The final questionnaire comprised of four scales, namely the Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire (MLQ), the Workplace Trust Survey (WTS), the Psychological Empowerment Scale (PES), and the Team Effectiveness Scale (TES). The postulated relationships and the conceptual model were empirically tested using various statistical methods. Reliability analysis was done on all the measurement scales and satisfactory reliability was found. The content and structure of the measured constructs were investigated by means of confirmatory and exploratory factor analyses. The results indicated that reasonable good fit was achieved for all the refined measurement models. Subsequently, Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) was used to determine the extent to which the conceptual model fitted the data obtained from the sample and to test the hypothesised relationships between the constructs. The results indicated positive relationships between transformational leadership and organisational trust; organisational trust and team effectiveness; transformational leadership and psychological empowerment; psychological empowerment and organisational trust; and psychological empowerment and team effectiveness. However, no support was found for a direct relationship between transformational leadership and team effectiveness. The present study contributes to existing literature on team effectiveness by providing insights into the relationship between transformational leadership, organisational trust, psychological empowerment and team effectiveness. Furthermore, this study identified practical implications to be considered in management practices in order to enhance team effectiveness. The limitations and recommendations present additional insights and possibilities that could be explored through future research studies.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die huidige studie is op die toenemende belangrikheid van spanne in organisasies gebaseer, en op hoe te werk gegaan moet word om spaneffektiwiteit te verseker. Dit was dus belangrik om vas te stel watter eienskappe tot spaneffektiwiteit bydra. Die studie het ten doel gehad om die verwantskappe tussen konstrukte wat ‘n beduidende rol in spaneffektiwiteit binne die organsiasie speel, te ondersoek. Hierdie konstrukte omvat transformasionele leierskap, vertroue, asook sielkundige bemagtiging. Die studie is dus uitgevoer om meer duidelikheid oor hierdie aspekte te verkry. ‘n Teoretiese model wat voorstel hoe die verskillende konstrukte aan mekaar verwant is, is op grond van die navorsing oor die bestaande literatuur ontwikkel. Verskeie hipoteses is hiervolgens geformuleer. Data vir die doel van die kwantitatiewe studie is deur middel van ‘n elektroniese web-gebaseerde vraelys ingesamel. ‘n Totaal van 224 voltooide vraelyste is terug ontvang. Die finale vraelys is uit vier subvraelyste saamgestel, naamlik die Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire (MLQ), die Workplace Trust Survey (WTS), die Psychological Empowerment Scale (PES), en die Team Effectiveness Scale (TES). Die gepostuleerde verwantskappe en die konseptuele model is empiries met behulp van verskeie statistiese metodes getoets. Betroubaarheidsanalise is op die betrokke meetinstrumente uitgevoer en voldoende betroubaarheid is gevind. Die inhoud en die struktuur van die konstrukte wat deur die instrumente gemeet is, is verder deur middel van verkennende en bevestigende faktorontledings ondersoek. Die resultate het redelike goeie passings vir al die hersiene metingsmodelle getoon. Daarna is struktuurvergelykings-modellering (SVM), gebruik om te bepaal tot watter mate die konseptuele model die data pas, en om die verwantskappe tussen die verskillende konstrukte te toets. Die resultate het positiewe verwantskappe tussen transformasionele leierskap en vertroue; vertroue en spaneffektiwiteit; transformasionele leierskap en sielkundige bemagtiging; sielkundige bemagtiging en vertroue; asook tussen sielkundige bemagtiging en spaneffektiwiteit aangedui. Geen steun is egter vir die direkte verband tussen tranformasionele leierskap en spaneffektiwitiet gevind nie. Hierdie studie dra by tot die bestaande literatuur betreffende spaneffektiwiteit deurdat dit insig bied in die aard van die verwantskappe tussen die konstrukte. Die studie identifiseer ook praktiese implikasies wat in bestuurspraktyke in aanmerking geneem behoort te word om spaneffektiwiteit te versterk. Die beperkings en aanbevelings van die studie dui op verdere insig en moontlikhede wat in toekomstige navorsing ondersoek kan word.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

22

Damane, Likeleko. "Assessing authentic leadership and workplace trust amongst managerial government employees in Lesotho." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/9033.

Full text

Abstract:

In today‘s world, characterised by highly competitive global economies, organisations have realised the need for a positive approach in order to remain competitive, sustainable and to attract and retain talent. A positive approach to leadership and an organisational environment characterised by trust has been one of the fundamental tools towards achieving this goal. The main objective of the present study was to assess the existence of positive organizational approaches (authentic leadership and workplace trust) within the government of Lesotho, especially at a time when the country was facing difficulties. The study was descriptive in nature, and followed a non-experimental quantitative approach. The survey made use of a sample of 153 civil servants occupying positions from supervisory to senior management. Data was acquired through the use of an electronic questionnaire made up of two scales: one was a self-assessment instrument on authentic leadership adopted from Walumbwa and associates, and the other scale was on workplace trust developed by Natalie Ferres. The analysis of data involved descriptive statistics, t-tests, ANOVA, post hoc tests and Cohen‘s d. The results of the study provided evidence that there were high levels of the authentic leadership and trust in the workplace. Demographic variables were not found to influence the outcome of authentic leadership scores, however, education and managerial level were found to have an influence on organisational trust. The findings of the study provoked the researcher to call for an implementation of policy on positive training for management and for further research in this area.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

23

Niu, Kuei-Hsien. "Understanding knowledge management and organizational adaptation and the influencing effects of trust and industrial cluster." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2008. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc6071/.

Full text

Abstract:

Due to rapid environmental change, today's business requires a more collaborative management to ensure positive performance. One of the important means that can help firms adapt successfully to a changing environment is knowledge management. The management of information and knowledge as key to retaining competitive advantage and has recently evolved into a more strategically focused research topic for both business and academic study. Managing knowledge, however, is deemed difficult because many companies recognize the importance of their proprietary knowledge and are not willing to share it freely. Recognizing this weakness, many countries have promoted the development of regional clusters where firms can co-develop their competences and competitive advantage against the world's best competitors by sharing knowledge, resources, and innovative capabilities. Other than industrial clusters, trust is also considered an important factor in knowledge management study. Trust reduces the need to monitor others' behaviors, formalize procedures, and it lowers transaction costs. At the macro level, trust can enhance organizations' core competencies and sustain their competitive advantages through co-evolution. This may occur through the development of group collaborations, cooperative relationships, and networks. The study adopted a field survey research method and used multiple regressions as the data analysis technique. The dependent variable in the study was organizational adaptation, while the independent variables were knowledge management, trust and industrial cluster. Data were collected using survey of key informants from 943 companies. The results of the analysis suggested that knowledge management does have significant influence on organizational adaptation and both industrial cluster and trust impact on organizational learning activities. The major contribution of this study is that it offers a more holistic approach in studying knowledge management by adding a new element: knowledge applying. Moreover, this study offers an initial attempt to test industrial cluster in hopes of advancing the research in management related fields.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

24

Niu, Kuei-Hsien Miles Grant. "Understanding knowledge management and organizational adaptation and the influencing effects of trust and industrial cluster." [Denton, Tex.] : University of North Texas, 2008. http://digital.library.unt.edu/permalink/meta-dc-6071.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

25

Ryan, Shaun. "The relationship between shared vision, cohesion, role clarity, mutual trust and transformational leadership within a team setting." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/20170.

Full text

Abstract:

Thesis (MComm)--Stellenbosch University, 2012.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: New and innovative work structures are being employed in organisations today, especially in the way in which work is approached (Rico & Cohen, 2005). This experimentation has arisen because organisations are seeking better ways of achieving productivity targets and addressing customer demand (Arnold, Barling & Kelloway, 2001). These new work structures are team-based structures, which are widely purported to be the ideal, since teams can respond rapidly because of their multiplicity of skills (Kogler Hill, 2010). Furthermore, high performing teams with this multiplicity of skills should display certain characteristics or behaviours required to achieve results. This study suggests four team characteristics that are necessary for team success, namely shared vision, cohesion, role clarity and mutual trust. This study furthermore explores the role of the team leader in nurturing the above-mentioned characteristics at a team level, since current thinking on leadership suggests that a leader should be able to inspire, motivate and be a role model for his/her team members (Bass & Avolio, 1994), all of which are behaviours characteristic of a transformational leader; thus transformational leadership is the focal point in this study. To determine the effect of transformational leadership on team characteristics, a convenience sample (N = 73) consisting of various nursing wards within a large public sector hospital was used in this study. The measurement model used in the present study fitted the data satisfactorily, RMSEA = .077 (p > .05, 95% CI [.024, .12]). The hypothesised structural model — where transformational leadership affects all four team characteristics directly, without latent interrelationships between team characteristics — was then fitted to the data, showing poor fit, χ2 (df 50, N = 73) = 213.49, p < .05. Despite the poor initial structural model fit, the subsequent results indicated that the hypothesised relationships between transformational leadership and team characteristics (hypothesis 2 through to hypothesis 5) were all significant (p < .05). The modification indices were then investigated for indications of possible model improvement and it was indicated that three additional  paths (i.e. a link between shared vision and cohesion; a link between trust and shared vision; and a link between shared vision and role clarity) were to be considered for addition. The modification indices, in addition, also illustrated that two  paths (i.e. the link between transformational leadership and cohesion and the link between transformational leadership and shared vision) were to be considered for deletion. The structural model was respecified based on modification indices and expected Δ χ2 statistics, and fitted to the data, leading to acceptable fit, RMSEA = .079 (p > .05, 95% CI [.048, .670]). This indicated an improvement over the unmodified model. However, further research based on a larger sample would be needed to verify these suggested path additions and deletions. Overall, the results of the study support the key role that transformational leadership plays on desirable team characteristics. The limitations and implications of the findings of this study are discussed and recommendations for future research are also highlighted.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Nuwe en innoverende werkstrukture word toenemend gebruik in kontemporêre organisasies, veral met betrekking tot die manier waarop werk benader word (Rico & Cohen, 2005). Organisasies ondersoek voortdurend wyses om die bereiking van produktiwiteitsteikens en bevrediging van kliënte te maksimeer (Arnold, Barling & Kelloway, 2001). Moderne werkstrukture is toenemend spangebaseerd, aangesien spanne vinnig kan reageer op verandering weens die veelvuldigheid van spanvaardighede (Kogler Hill, 2010). Verder kan verwag word dat hoëverrigtingspanne met ‘n wye verskeidenheid van vaardighede ook oor sekere kerneienskappe sal beskik. Die huidige studie veronderstel vier spaneienskappe wat kritiek is vir spansukses, nl. gedeelde visie, kohesie, rolduidelikheid en onderlinge vertroue. Die studie verken verder die rol van die spanleier om hierdie spaneienskappe te kweek, aangesien onlangse leierskapteorie veronderstel dat ‘n suksesvolle leier vaardig behoort te wees om sy/haar span te inspireer, motiveer en ook ‘n rolmodel moet wees vir die span. Die laasgenoemde is eienskappe kenmerkend van transformasionele leiers (Bass & Avolio, 1994); aldus die fokus van die bestaande studie op transformasionele leierskap. Ten einde die effek van transformasionele leierskap op spaneienskappe te ondersoek, is ‘n nie-ewekansige steekproef (N = 73) van verplegingseenhede binne ‘n groot publieke sektor hospitaal gebruik in die huidige studie. Die metingsmodel vir die studie het bevredigende passing getoon, RMSEA = .077 (p > .05, 95% VI [.024, .12]). Die veronderstelde strukturele model — waar transformasionele leierskap direkte invloede uitoefen op al vier spaneienskappe, in die afwesigheid van onderlinge latente interkorrelasies tussen spaneienskappe — was gevolglik gepas op die navorsingsdata, met swak passing, χ2 (df 50, N = 73) = 213.49, p < .05. Ten spyte van die swak strukturele modelpassing het daaropvolgende resultate getoon dat die alternatiewe hipoteses rakende verwantskappe tussen transformasionele leierskap en spaneienskappe (hipoteses 2 tot 5) almal ondersteun was (p < .05). As volgende stap, is die aanpassingsindekse (MI) verder verken vir moontlike aanduidings van modelverbetering; drie addisionele  roetes (nl., tussen gedeelde visie en kohesie; tussen vertroue en gedeelde visie; en tussen gedeelde visie en rolduidelikheid) is oorweeg vir verdere byvoeging. Die aanpassingsindekse het verder getoon dat twee  roetes (nl., tussen transformasionele leierskap en kohesie, asook tussen transformasionele leierskap en gedeelde visie) oorweeg behoort te word ter verbetering van die strukturele model. Die strukturele model is herspesifiseer, gebaseer op die aanpassingsindekse en verwagte Δ χ2 statistiek, en gevolglik gepas op die data. Die resultate het gedui op bevredigende passing, RMSEA = .079 (p > .05, 95% VI [.048, .670]) — ‘n duidelike verbetering op die aanvanklike strukturele model. Verdere navorsing is egter nodig om hierdie voorgestelde aanpassings aan die strukturele model te verifieer in ‘n groter steekproef. In die geheel gesien, dui die studie se resultate op die sleutelrol wat transformasionele leierskap speel in die ontwikkeling en handhawing van gewenste spaneienskappe. Beperkinge en implikasies van die bevindinge word bespreek, en aanbevelings word gemaak vir verdere navorsing.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

26

Hållstedt, Ulrika. "Inter-organizational Symbiotic Relationships : Key Factors for Success." Thesis, KTH, Industriell ekologi, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-183782.

Full text

Abstract:

This report focuses on governance mechanisms for industrial symbiosis (IS). The study takes an organizational approach on material and energy exchanges between different organizations (or different parts in the same organization) leading to increased regional resource efficiency. This project explores different strategies for governance mechanisms and analyzes how these affect trust. Significant factors for initiating and keeping a collaboration successful are also analyzed. Representatives from 24 Swedish cases of symbiotic arrangements are interviewed and ten themes affecting IS collaborations are identified. The themes are governance structure, shared vision, previous collaboration, local conditions, initiating a collaboration, activities to build trust, conflicts, transaction-based or goal-oriented approach, indicators and distribution of costs and benefits. Among the governance structures used are hierarchy (collaboration between different parts of the same organization), joint venture, strategic alliance and different types of agreements. Common is a 10-15 years agreement, sometimes combined with a strategic discussion about the development of the collaboration. Three factors particularly affecting collaborations are identified: strategic meetings, indicators related to the collaboration and fair profit distribution. The factor strategic meetings is about combining long term agreements with innovation. Long term agreements might be necessary when a project requires investments. Meanwhile, this can suppress innovation by supporting outdated solutions. The paradox of needing both long term agreements and continued innovation may be solved by the practice of having strategic meetings and contract surveillance. Another significant factor for successful collaborations is the use of jointly evaluated indicators. To jointly evaluate a project according to predetermined indicators gives all parties the opportunity to know when a collaboration is successful. The third significant factor is fair profit distribution. Unfair profit distribution may delay or stop a project. It may also decrease trust in an ongoing project. A fair profit distribution is a key factor for enabling long term relationships.
Den här rapporten studerar samarbetsformer för industriell symbios (IS). Fokus för den här studien är material- och energiutbyten mellan organisationer eller mellan olika delar i samma organisation som leder till regional resurseffektivisering. Val och implementering av samarbetsform analyseras i relation till förtroende mellan organisationer och lyckade samarbeten. Viktiga faktorer för att lyckas starta och bibehålla ett symbiossamarbete analyseras också. Representanter från 24 svenska fall av symbiotiska samarbeten intervjuas och deras svar analyseras utifrån tio teman: samarbetsform, gemensam vision, tidigare samarbete, lokala förutsättningar, att starta ett samarbete, aktiviteter för att bygga förtroende, konflikter, transaktionsbaserat eller målinriktat förhållningssätt, indikatorer och vinstfördelning. Bland de samarbetsformer som används återfinns hierarki (samarbete mellan olika delar i samma organisation), joint venture, strategisk allians och olika typer av avtal. Vanligt är avtal på 10-15 år, ibland kombinerat med en strategisk diskussion om samarbetets utveckling. Tre faktorer identifieras som extra viktiga vid symbiotiska samarbeten: strategiska möten, indikatorer relaterade till samarbetet och rättvis vinstfördelning. Strategiska möten handlar om att kombinera långsiktiga avtal med innovation. Långsiktiga avtal behövs ofta i symbiossamarbeten för att kunna göra investeringar. Samtidigt kan detta låsa fast utdaterade lösningar och försvåra innovation och utveckling. Att ha avtalsbevakning och en strategisk diskussion kring utveckling av samarbetet har identifierats som ett sätt att lösa detta på. En annan betydande faktor för lyckade samarbeten är gemensamma indikatorer relaterade till samarbetet. Att gemensamt utvärdera samarbetet enligt uppsatta indikatorer ger alla parter möjlighet att veta när ett samarbete lyckats. Den tredje identifierade faktorn är rättvis vinstfördelning. Orättvis vinstfördelning kan stoppa eller försena ett samarbete. Det kan också urholka parternas förtroende till varandra. En rättvis vinstfördelning kan däremot skapa förtroende och är en nyckelfaktor till ett långsiktigt samarbete.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

27

Goksidan, Tolga Hadi. "Inter-organizational Relations In An Organized Industrial District: Ostim Case." Master's thesis, METU, 2006. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/2/12607044/index.pdf.

Full text

Abstract:

Over recent years, the study of industrial districts, and inter-organizational relations has become a major theme of interest in network research. Theories characterized by an increased inter-relatedness between heterogeneous actors and knowledge fields point to a new form of inter-organizational relationship development. This is basicly based on the idea of creating trust between firms to increase their chances of success and to keep pace with the development of all relevant technologies. In this thesis, we present some data from a research project we have conducted in OSTIM industrial district, Ankara, Turkey. First, we present the theoretical perspectives which appear relevant to such investigation, and which aims at developing a better a network model of the inter-organizational relations of district firms, as well as trust, informal contracts and centrality issues, particularly as regards technological innovation and technology transfer of firms, respectively. Moreover, the evidence presented in this thesis is unequivocal in noting that long term inter-organizational relations and trust may be a necessary and a sufficent condition for a small and medium sized enterprise (SME) to take its place in the center of a complex web of inter-organizational relations as seen in an industrial district.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

28

Barnard, Patrick Christian. "The relationship between servant leadership, workplace trust, work engagement and workplace wellbeing." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/14532.

Full text

Abstract:

Globalization has had a profound impact on the business environment of organizations and on the lives of employees in most countries. Previously sheltered markets were suddenly opened up to intense international competition. Organizations had to improve the efficient and effective utilization of resources to retain and gain market shares. Even organizations which are still prospering today in the face of serious competition, cannot be sure of continued success in the next financial year. Astute owners and managers are acutely aware of the need to continually and consciously seek the competitive edge for their businesses. Market forces exert continuous pressure on organizations and their employees to increase performance to keep up with ever rising demands. Concurrently there are rising pressures from civil society, easily mobilized through social media, for organizational leaders to be more ethical, moral and socially responsible. Employers are currently expected to not only take care of the wellbeing of their employees, but also the wellbeing of the communities in which they operate. The challenge is clearly to find a business model that can increase individual and organizational performance, while at the same time create high levels of wellbeing for employees and thereby creating a spill-over effect to influence the wellbeing of their social environment positively. To this end, the literature was reviewed to identify constructs which could provide a solid ethical and moral managerial foundation, increase performance and create high levels of wellbeing at the same time. Servant Leadership, Workplace Trust, Work Engagement and Workplace Wellbeing were identified as constructs which could fulfill these requirements. As measurement lies at the heart of scientific endeavour, the selection of appropriate measuring instruments was considered to be equally important. The Servant Leadership Survey (Van Dierendonck and Nuijten, 2011), the Workplace Trust Survey (Ferres, 2001), the Utrecht Work Engagement Scale (Schaufeli et al, 2002) and the Work Wellbeing Questionnaire (Parker and Hyett, 2011) were selected as the most suitable instruments. These instruments are deemed to measure the constructs thoroughly through a combined total of 114 items and 18 dimensions. Three primary aims were identified for the study namely, determining the configurational portability of the instruments, investigating the relationships between the variables to determine their direct and sequential effect on wellbeing and establishing whether structural models of the findings could be built. The main findings indicate that each of the variables explain significant proportions of the variance in Work Wellbeing directly as well as indirectly through their effect on the other variables of the study. It seems that these variables contribute to fostering a psycho-organizational climate conducive to increased wellbeing.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

29

Bretan, Pedro Luis Accioli Nobre. "Essays on industrial organization." reponame:Repositório Institucional do FGV, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10438/8447.

Full text

Abstract:

Submitted by PEDRO BRETAN (pedrobretan@yahoo.com.br) on 2011-06-22T04:12:37Z No. of bitstreams: 1 tese_pedrobretan.pdf: 1433250 bytes, checksum: ee77d73af6e9a7b5e655a5238bddd5ec (MD5)
Approved for entry into archive by Andrea Virginio Machado (andrea.machado@fgv.br) on 2011-06-27T12:18:09Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 tese_pedrobretan.pdf: 1433250 bytes, checksum: ee77d73af6e9a7b5e655a5238bddd5ec (MD5)
Made available in DSpace on 2011-07-13T13:39:29Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 tese_pedrobretan.pdf: 1433250 bytes, checksum: ee77d73af6e9a7b5e655a5238bddd5ec (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-12-23
This thesis is comprised of three essays with a common goal: expand the theories about what drives the shape of an industry and its consequences. All three are theoretical and applied, in the sense of being detailed studies about the inner workings of industries and their impact on the shape of the latter. In the first chapter I model how the interplay among institutional quality, trust and contract incompleteness affects firms' decisions about their international mode of organization. Second second chapter also concerns industries' ownership choices, but in a complete different perspective, focusing in information transmission between the different parts that constitute a supply chain. Finally, third chapter uses industrial organization modeling to show how the internal structure of an industry influence the risk of payroll-backed loans.
Esta tese compõe-se de três ensaios que versam sobre o formato, em termos de estrutura de governança, das indústrias e como a estrutura interna das mesmas influenciam esses formatos e seus produtos. O primeiro capítulo apresenta um modelo de como a qualidade institucional, confiança e incompleteza contratual afetam as decisiões das firmas sobre a melhor forma de se organizarem internacionalmente. O segundo capítulo vai na mesma direção de explicar a organização das indústrias, mas com foco no efeito da transmissão de informação entre as unidades constituintes das organizações sobre o formato ótimo das mesmas. Ambos trabalhos usam modelos dinâmicos. O terceiro capítulo se utiliza da modelagem de organização industrial para mostrar como a estrutura interna de uma indústria influencia no risco de crédito consignado.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

30

Dickie, David Alexander. "The effects of trust on the use of adaptive cruise control." Thesis, University of Iowa, 2010. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/488.

Full text

Abstract:

Trust in automatic controllers may have an impact on awareness of system limitations and ultimately use of these systems. The purpose of this research is to determine the effects and likelihood of too much trust (overtrust) in drivers that use adaptive cruise control (ACC), a type of automatic controller that maintains vehicle speed and headway time. To add to the existing literature, this study aimed to define a significant relationship among trust, use, and awareness of ACC limitations. A post mailed or electronic-based survey was distributed to potential ACC users with 118 responses used for the main analysis. The survey responses provided demographic information, illustrated levels of trust, awareness of ACC limitations, and system use. A hierarchical cluster analysis of the data related to trust in ACC produced four clusters: overtrust, cautious, neutral, and distrust. Binary and multinomial logistic regression models then predicted the likelihood for overtrust (cluster membership). Participants in the overtrust cluster displayed the lowest level of awareness regarding ACC limitations and the highest levels of misuse. Users were more likely to overtrust ACC if they were male, misused the system, lacked limitation awareness, and indicated a willingness to opt for ACC in their next vehicle. Overtrust in ACC was shown to lead to misuse and cloud awareness of the systems' limitations. Trust seemed to be formed in the initial interactions with ACC therefore a priori trust levels of potential users should be sought before appropriate guidance is given or demonstrated through test use.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

31

Schlechter, Anton Francois. "The influence of transformational leadership, emotional intelligence, trust, meaning and intention to quit on organisational citizenship behaviour." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/1194.

Full text

Abstract:

Thesis (PhD (Industrial Psychology))--University of Stellenbosch, 2005
South African organisations have to survive in an increasingly competitive and globalised environment. Many believe that South African organisations are ill prepared for these challenges, based on the fact that many organisations are plagued by low productivity, low levels of trust between employees and employers, as well as low levels of organisational commitment, effectiveness and efficiency. Solutions must be found for these problems and the present study offers one such solution. Organisational citizenship behaviour is essentially pro-social organisational behaviour that is characterised by going beyond what is expected in role requirements or role descriptions and is seen as a key driver of individual and organisational performance. Furthermore, an organisation’s ability to elicit organisational citizenship behaviour is believed to be a vital asset that is difficult for competitors to imitate and which provides the organisation with a competitive advantage. Having completed a literature study concerning possible antecedents of organisational citizenship behaviour, and taking into account various suggested future directions for organisational citizenship behaviour research, it was decided that the present study would focus on five variables: three variables that are characteristic of employees, and two that are characteristic of the management or leadership in the organisation. The primary goal of the present study was to design and conduct a scientific investigation that would attempt to determine the relationships between leader emotional intelligence, transformational leadership, trust, meaning intention to quit, and organisational citizenship behaviour, as well as to further determine the role that these five constructs play in influencing organisational citizenship behaviour. A study of the available literature was made to learn as much as possible about each of these six constructs and to determine what is known about the relationships that exist between them. The knowledge gained from the literature study was used to propose several hypotheses and a conceptual model explaining the relationships between these constructs. The relationships and the conceptual model were then empirically tested, using various (mostly confirmatory) statistical methods. This makes the present study confirmatory in nature. Existing measuring instruments were used to measure each of the constructs in a South African sample (n=496). This sample represented a wide range of organisations. Each of the measuring instruments (excepting the intention to quit scale) was subjected to a double cross-validation Exploratory and Confirmatory Factor Analysis procedure to test its construct validity. Internal reliability was determined for all of the instruments and their subscales. The Confirmatory Factor Analysis and internal reliability results were then compared to those obtained when the original measurement model was studied, using these same methods (i.e. Confirmatory Factor Analysis and internal reliability) and the data from the present sample. It was found, in all cases, that the derived factorial configuration differed, in some to a lesser degree and in others radically, from that proposed by the original author/s. It was also found that the EFA-derived measurement models and configurations had a better fit to the data than the original measurement model and its configuration. Once the criteria for construct validity and internal reliability were satisfied, the rest of the statistical analyses could be conducted. The next step was to test the hypotheses concerning the individual relationships that made up the conceptual model. Pearson correlations and Standard Multiple Regression was used to study these bivariate relationships. Several indirect or mediating relationships followed from these direct relationships and these were tested using Path Analysis. In a similar vein, four prediction hypotheses were formulated from the conceptual model and these were also tested, using Standard Multiple Regression. Lastly, Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) was used to see to what extent the conceptual model fitted the data obtained from the sample and to test the relationships between the constructs when taking the complete conceptual model into account. Both trust and meaning were found to individually mediate the relationships between transformational leadership and organisational citizenship behaviour, and leader emotional intelligence and organisational citizenship behaviour. The relationship between leader emotional intelligence and organisational citizenship behaviour was further found to be mediated by transformational leadership and trust, while this relationship was also found to be mediated by transformational leadership and meaning. No significant direct relationships could be found between leader emotional intelligence and organisational citizenship behaviour, or between transformational leadership and both organisational citizenship behaviour and intention to quit. No significant correlation was found between intention to quit and organisational citizenship behaviour either. This meant that several postulated mediating hypotheses could not be corroborated. The SEM result shows that the conceptual model did not fit the data very well, therefore an alternative model was recommended. The results in essence show that effective leaders who are emotionally intelligent and make use of the transformational leadership style can positively influence trust and meaning among followers. This, in turn, will motivate followers to display organisational citizenship behaviour and reduce their intention to quit. These are believed to positively influence organisational effectiveness and performance. Further conclusions were drawn from the obtained results and recommendations are made for future studies. New insights were gained through the results and it is believed that the present study has contributed to the field of organisational psychology and Industrial Psychology in general, on both the academic and the practioner level.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

32

Dannhauser, Zani. "The relationship between servant leadership, follower trust, team commitment and unit effectiveness." Thesis, Link to the online version, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10019/375.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

33

Ortiz-Pena, Hector J. "The effects of decentralization and trust on the optimization of information gathering activities for cooperative autonomous vehicles." Thesis, State University of New York at Buffalo, 2015. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3714656.

Full text

Abstract:

One of the main technical challenges facing intelligence analysts today is the efficient utilization of limited resources (both in quantity and capabilities) to maximize the accuracy and timeliness of collected data to address information gaps. The challenges on this problem increase when the communication between the information gathering assets is limited, preventing constant coordination of collection activities and information sharing among the assets. This work addresses the problem of routing cooperative autonomous vehicles (e.g., unmanned vehicles) operating in a dynamic environment to maximize overall information gain. Vehicles (collection assets) are collecting information on multiple objectives, subject to communication network constraints. In addition, this research studies the degradation of solution quality (i.e., information gain) as a centralized system synchronizing information gathering activities for a set of cooperative autonomous vehicles moves to a decentralized framework.

A mathematical programming model to determine routes in (de)centralized frameworks was developed. This model is based on a representation of potential information gain in discretized maps, the effectiveness of the assets collecting information and an obsolescence rate on the areas visited by the assets. The model assumes that information is only exchanged when assets are part of the same network, allowing a multi-perspective optimization of the information gathering activities in which each asset develops its own decisions based only on its perspective of the environment (i.e., potential information gain). This framework is used to evaluate the degradation of solution quality as a centralized system moves to a decentralized framework. This research extends the concept of ‘‘price of anarchy’’ (a measure on the inefficiency of a system when individuals (i.e., agents) maximize decisions without coordination) by considering different levels of decentralization.

Different communication network topologies are considered. Collection assets are part of the same communication network (i.e., a connected component) if: (1) a fully connected network exists between the assets in the connected component, or (2) a path (consisting of one or more communication links) between every asset in the connected component exists. Multiple connected components may exist among the available collection assets supporting a mission. Trust (with a suitable decay factor as a function of time) on the potential location of assets that are not part of a connected component is considered as part of an extension to the optimization model. A solution approach based on multiple aggregation strategies to obtain satisficing solutions that are computational efficient was developed.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

34

Timming, Andrew Richard. "Identity and trust in comparative industrial relations : a case study of an Anglo-Dutch European works council." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.614218.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

35

Yinka-Adebisi, Adeleke. "Conceptualising Foundation Trust reform in the NHS : an empirical analysis of three NHS organisations." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2013. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/364318/.

Full text

Abstract:

Beginning from the 1990s when the ‘New Public Management’ was introduced in the public sector, many countries around the world embraced this new way of working, especially in the developed countries. This adoption kept public sector services in economies like the United Kingdom (UK) under a tremendous pressure to become more efficient in the delivery of effective services. This phenomenon was named - ‘Value for Money’ initiative within the UK public sector. In order to achieve these goals, the public sector has been inundated with several reform regimes, thereby adopting management techniques and tools, which are arguably similar to that being used in the private sector. The National Health Service (NHS) was not left out of this wave. The NHS introduced the market system in the 1990s, in which the providers and purchasers of health services were segregated, giving them the opportunity to negotiate price of services with each other. The wave of reforms have since not stopped; by 2004, Foundation Trust (FT) status was introduced in the NHS, where the government chose to devolve accountability for health service to the local communities. The purpose of the devolution is to allow NHS hospitals to become locally accountable to their communities. The conferment of a new status on the NHS organisations is expected to set them loose from the government’s apron, granting them financial freedom, where they can keep surpluses generated for reinvestment in services, make investment decisions without deferring to the government and have a better control of the organisation. This research has six major objectives. First, it seeks to understand the entirety of Foundation Trust Status in the NHS, second, to outline the role of accounting as the controlling tool in the organisational setting, third, is to identify the string of local accountability within and outside the FT organisation, fourth, is to establish the effect of the structural change witnessed within organisation types, fifth, is to locate the FT change within the general form of the New Public Management (NPM), thereby evidencing the study as an empirical learning and finally evaluating the effectiveness of the FT reform within the organisations being studied. The study adopted an interpretive perspective, gathering data through interviews, documentary analysis and researcher’s observation. The study later adopted the thematic synthesis strategy in analysing the data. It is a multi-case study research, which involved three (3) NHS Trusts in the UK. The first organisation is a non-FT hospital, undergoing the process of becoming a Foundation Trust, the second and third operates as fully licensed Foundation Trust hospitals. This paper reflected on institutional theory as a tool, to understand the FT status in the NHS. In particular, we identified the forces that exerted pressure on the NHS organisations, the place of accounting as a tool in the process, how these organisations responded to innovation uptake. Data analysis unveiled organisation’s struggle for compliance through legitimacy for power and resource, which became the central phenomenon of this study. The NHS organisations were found to be resolute in their choice to implement the FT reform, in spite of the inherent complexity of the process on top of their day to day operational challenges. The struggle for compliance resulted in a mixed result, initiating an active pursuit of efficiency especially in the early adopter and then a negative influence on the late adopter organisation as actors engaged in a number of creative activities as they seek legitimacy. The result from this thematic study proposed that organisations adopt and implement accounting changes for the purpose of achieving legitimacy and promoting efficiency, as well as advancing self-interests. The effect of each choice was found relative to organisational motive for the adoption of the change, either for efficiency or legitimacy. This paper contributes to the theoretical understanding and relevance of institutional theory, particularly the New Institutional Sociology (NIS) in the NHS. Thus, providing a framework for legitimacy, this further illuminates possible explanations for the interrelationships between organisation’s adoption and the implementation of an accounting change in organisations, with the attendance of loose coupling. In addition, it contributes to the practical understanding of the FT change amongst practitioners in the NHS, an understanding, which helps grasp the importance of the change within the context of today’s society, as driven by the current and developing economic terrain.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

36

Lindwall, Carl, and Martin Larsson. "Topics on Branding : Exploring the Brand Construct and its Linkages to Risk, Value and Trust in a Business-to-Business Context." Thesis, Linköping University, Industrial Marketing and Industrial Economics, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-59001.

Full text

Abstract:

In this thesis, the brand construct and its connections to risk, value and trust are explored in a Business-to-Business context.

The different characteristics of B2B and B2C marketing is elaborated upon and coupled with brand management strategies viable in the respective markets.

Contemporary academic theory on the explored constructs is discussed, and an attempt at conceptually visualizing their suggested linkages is presented.

Based on the theoretical findings, a qualitative study is conducted by means of interviews with brand managers and marketing executives with the aim of establishing how Swedish industrial multinational companies employ brand strategies in their market communication, and to what extent the constructs explored are communicated as a part of their brand message.

We find empirical evidence that risk, value and trust indeed are important in the brand communication of industrial companies. However, the relative importance of these constructs is found to be highly dependent on a multitude of both internal and external factors, such as the complexity of the offering, the degree of competition in the marketplace, and the amount of required customer interaction. Trust seems to be the construct most commonly incorporated in the branding activities, and value is not as actively stressed as conjectured.

The corporate brand appears to be the most important in new tasks, where previous experiences of interaction with the seller is deemed more important in modified and straight re-buys.

Similar to consumer marketing, the main merit of having a strong brand equity is the ability to charge price premiums, along with often making the short list of potential suppliers in the customers’ procurement processes. However, many industrial companies do not actively employ brand strategies and dedicated brand managers are not commonplace. Further, it cannot be decisively concluded that a strong brand focus is important for all industrial companies and in all markets. Again, external market characteristics, together with internal organizational conditions need to be taken into account.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

37

Santiago, Rivera Ana Luisa. "Desarrollo y validación de la Escala Confianza Organizacional /." Required password, 2001. http://ponce.inter.edu/cai/tesis/alsantiago-index.html.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

38

Sanchez, Rudolph Joseph. "The Role of Trust, Leader-Member Exchange, and Organizational Justice in Employee Attitudes and Behaviors: A Laboratory and Field Investigation." PDXScholar, 2002. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/3728.

Full text

Abstract:

The study of interpersonal relationships continues to be a major focus of theory and research in a wide array of disciplines. The present research examined one of the most prevalent and significant interpersonal relationships in the workplace context—the dyadic relationship between a supervisor and a subordinate. This research examined the relationships between trust, quality of the leader-member exchange relationship (LMX; a measure of the quality of the dyadic relationship), perceived organizational justice, and several employee attitudes and behaviors that are important to individual workers and the organizations in which they work. Data were collected in both laboratory and field settings. The laboratory setting allowed for the manipulation of organizational justice, which permitted inferences regarding the causal effects of organizational justice on the relationships between trust and LMX and the outcome variables examined. The field setting allowed for the testing of the hypothesized relationships in a “real world” environment in which external contextual factors (e.g., industry and organizational differences) were naturally controlled. Two-hundred and twenty-three currently employed undergraduate students participated in the laboratory study. In the field study, data were collected in a Fortune 500 company from 113 subordinates and their supervisors. Results from both studies indicated that perceptions of trust in one's supervisor were strongly related to LMX. Importantly, in the field study, quality of the dyadic relationship was modeled as an emergent property of the perceptions of both subordinates and supervisors. Perceptions of LMX were related to a sense of overall fairness, which was jointly determined by procedural and distributive justice. Perceptions of overall fairness were related to job satisfaction, intention to quit, organizational commitment, in-role job performance, organizational citizenship behavior, and organizational retaliatory behaviors. Additionally, results of the laboratory study indicated that established perceptions of trust in one's supervisor and LMX were adversely affected by violations of either procedural or distributive justice. This adverse effect was greatest when both procedural and distributive justice were low. The theoretical and practical implications of the research are discussed.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

39

Messay-Kebede, Temesguen. "Computationally Efficient and Robust Kinematic Calibration Methodologies and their Application to Industrial Robots." University of Dayton / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=dayton1418974125.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

40

Backer-Meurke, Anna, and Tove Gioeli. "Customer Satisfaction Drivers for Industrial Vending Systems : Evidence from the Manufacturing Industry." Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Företagsekonomi, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-23654.

Full text

Abstract:

Problem: Development of a firm’s offering is a vital weapon for competition. Obtaining knowledge on customer expectations and translating those into product development and superior service delivery is surrounded by prioritisation decisions. Industrial vending systems are proven to be a growing field in terms of deployments but have received little academic attention, especially regarding service quality perception to support customer-oriented innovation processes for suppliers, facilitating such decisions. Purpose: To identify key drivers of positive service quality perception and customer satisfaction as well as trust and commitment indicators for business-to-business industrial vending systems. Method: Through an explanatory approach, qualitative data on multiple cases was gathered. 14 in-depth semi-structured interviews were held with customers currently using a specific industrial vending system. Conclusion: Solution characteristics of industrial vending systems impact service quality perception through compliance with customer requirements. A total of 13 customer satisfaction drivers were identified for the investigated industrial vending system, the most important being efficiency, user-friendliness and timeliness. Further, the presence of individual- and company level trust in customer-supplier relationships positively impacts commitment intentions. Contribution: Adds novel knowledge on customer satisfaction for industrial vending systems and contributes with suggestions for managers on how trust and commitment affect customer satisfaction, which can be incorporated into the value promise design, product development and marketing strategies.
ISNET (finansierad av KK-stiftelsen)

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

41

McWilliams, Abagail. "The consolidation of American industry : a new perspective on the trust era." Connect to resource, 1987. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view.cgi?acc%5Fnum=osu1262702190.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

42

Lees, Monica. "Context conditions drivers' disposition towards alarms." Diss., University of Iowa, 2010. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/845.

Full text

Abstract:

Collision warning systems represent a promising means to reduce rear-end crash involvement. However, these systems experience failures in the real-world that may promote driver distrust and diminish drivers' willingness to comply with warnings. Recent research suggests that not all false alarms (FAs) are detrimental to drivers. However, very few studies have examined how different alarms influence different driving populations. The purpose of this research was to examine how younger, middle-aged, and older drivers (with and without UFOV impairments) evaluated and responded to four different alarm contexts - false alarm (FA), nuisance alarm (NA), unnecessary alarm (UA) and true alarm (TA) - when they did and did not receive warnings. FA contexts represent out-of-path conflict scenarios where it is difficult for the driver to identify the source of the alarm. NA contexts represent out-of-path conflict scenarios that occur in a predictable manner that allows drivers to identify the source of the alarm. UA contexts are transitioning host conflict scenarios where the system issues an alert but the situation resolves itself before the driver needs to intervene. TA contexts represent in-host conflict scenarios where the situation requires the driver to intervene to avoid a collision. The results suggest that alarm context does matter. Compared to response data that differentiates FA and NA from UA and TA, subjective data shows greater sensitivity and differentiates between all four alarm contexts (FA Younger drivers indicated a high degree of confidence in their own ability across the different conditions. While they adopted a similar response pattern as middle-aged drivers during the TA contexts, these drivers responded less frequently than middle-aged and older drivers during the UA context. Diminished hazard perception ability and the tendency to consider these situations less hazardous likely account for the fewer responses made during these situations by younger drivers. Older drivers with and without UFOV impairments indicated similar hazard ratings for UA and TA contexts, yet drivers with UFOV impairments responded less frequently in both alarm contexts. Diminished hazard perception ability, slower simple response times, and degraded contrast sensitivity likely account for the fewer and slower responses. Interestingly older drivers with impairments did respond more frequently when warned during the TA context. They also rated FAs and NAs more positively than the other driver groups. The results of this study suggest applying signal detection theory without concern for the alarm context and driver characteristics is insufficient for understanding how different alarms influence operators and that subjective data can inform design. Researchers are encouraged to combine multiple perspectives that incorporate of both an engineering and human perspective.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

43

Verbeck, Cédric. "La confiance dans les regroupements industriels : le cas des télécommunications au Vietnam." Thesis, Lyon 2, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LYO20082.

Full text

Abstract:

Cette thèse porte sur la construction sociale de la confiance dans les regroupements industriels du secteur des télécommunications au Vietnam. L’enjeu est de comprendre comment, dans un contexte économique de forte concurrence, s’organisent les relations sociales à l’intérieur des regroupements industriels. Il s'agit, dans cette thèse, d’analyser la confiance pour comprendre le sens que lui donnent les acteurs. Les regroupements industriels, de type cluster ou district, permettent d’observer des situations de coopération et de compétition dans lesquelles les échanges économiques et sociaux sont denses. Le cas du Vietnam permet d’appréhender les logiques d’acteurs qui se retrouvent à la croisée de nombreux changements à différentes échelles d’analyse. Les règles locales, nationales et mondiales changent et s’influencent depuis que ce pays s’est engagé dans une politique d’ouverture (đổi mới) à l’international en 1986. La confiance est souvent considérée comme un moyen de réduire les incertitudes liées à ce contexte socio-économique de forte compétitivité. Nous avons mené une analyse sociologique des différentes logiques que les acteurs mettent en place afin d’établir une situation dans laquelle ils peuvent « faire confiance ». Nous avons ainsi dégagé l’idéal-type du renom, de l’engagement et de l’ajustement pour rendre compte des différentes formes que peut revêtir la confiance
This thesis examines the social construction of trust in industrial clusters of telecommunications in Vietnam. In the framework of an increasing international competition, the stake of this thesis is to understand how social relationships are organised within clusters. In this thesis, we will analyse the concept of trust, as a sociological issue, to grasp the meaning given by actors to this concept. Industrial clusters enable us to observe various cooperation and competition situations in which economic and social exchanges are concentrated. This study of the Vietnamese case is an opportunity to better comprehend “actors rational” located at the crossroads of many changes on different analytical scales. Local, national or international rules have been evolving and interacting since 1986 when the country began an opening policy (đổi mới) to international relationships. Trust is often regarded as a way to minimise the uncertainty resulting from this socio-economic context of high competitiveness. We have carried out this sociological study to shed a new light on the different strategies of the actors in order to establish a situation in which they feel they can “trust”. As a result, we have identified three ideal-types of fame, involvement and adjustment, with a view to demonstrate the different forms and meanings implied in the concept of trust

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

44

Bennett, Jazmine Mariah. "AN EXAMINATION OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN INCLUSIVE LEADERSHIP AND GENERAL ORGANIZATIONAL MEANS-EFFICACY: THE MEDIATING ROLES OF JUSTICE, TRUST, AND LEADER-MEMBER EXCHANGE." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2017. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd/441.

Full text

Abstract:

While inclusion has been identified as the key to unlocking the benefits of diversity in organizations, the impact of inclusive leader behaviors on employee perceptions is rarely examined. By demonstrating behaviors that supports employee voice and encourages employee participation, inclusive supervisors may impact employees’ perceptions of organizational resources. The present study examines the mediating roles of trust, justice, and leader-member exchange (LMX) on the relationship between inclusive leadership and employees’ perceptions of organizational resources (general organizational means-efficacy; GOME). A path analysis was used to examine the mediation model, which found that inclusive leadership strongly predicts GOME perceptions. Mixed support was obtained for the proposed mediation model, as informational justice, distributive justice, and interpersonal justice significantly mediated the relationship. While procedural justice and trust were not statistically significant mediators, the combined mediators almost fully mediated the relationship between inclusive leadership and GOME. The results suggest that direct supervisors play a crucial role in enhancing employee justice and trust perceptions, which in turn positively impact GOME perceptions. Implications and directions for future research are discussed.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

45

Charalambous, George. "The development of a human factors tool for the successful implementation of industrial human-robot collaboration." Thesis, Cranfield University, 2014. http://dspace.lib.cranfield.ac.uk/handle/1826/9201.

Full text

Abstract:

Manufacturing organisations have placed significant attention to the potential of industrial human-robot collaboration (HRC) as a means for enhancing productivity and product quality. This concept has predominantly been seen from an engineering and safety aspect, while the human related issues tend to be disregarded. As the key human factors relevant to industrial HRC have not yet been fully investigated, the research presented in this thesis sought to develop a human factors tool to enable the successful implementation of industrial HRC. First, a theoretical framework was developed which collected the key organisational and individual level human factors by reviewing comparable contexts to HRC. The human factors at each level were investigated separately. To identify whether the organisational human factors outlined in the theoretical framework were enablers or barriers, an industrial exploratory case study was conducted where traditional manual work was being automated. The implications provided an initial roadmap of the key organisational human factors that need to be considered as well as the critical inter-relations between them. From the list of individual level human factors identified in the theoretical framework, the focus was given on exploring the development of trust between human workers and industrial robots. A psychometric scale that measures trust specifically in industrial HRC was developed. The scale offers the opportunity to system designers to identify the key system aspects that can be manipulated to optimise trust in industrial HRC. Finally, the results were gathered together to address the overall aim of the research. A human factors guidance tool was developed which provides practitioners propositions to enable successful implementation of industrial HRC.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

46

Van, Staden Marieta. "The relationship between servant leadership, emotional intelligence, trust in the immediate supervisor and meaning in life : an exploratory study." Thesis, Link to the online version, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10019/603.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

47

Rutherford, Brian Nicholas. "The differing effects of satisfaction, trust, and commitment on buyer's behavioral loyalty a study into the buyer-salesperson and buyer-selling firm relationship in a business-to-business context /." unrestricted, 2007. http://etd.gsu.edu/theses/available/etd-05182007-115358/.

Full text

Abstract:

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Georgia State University, 2007.
Title from file title page. James Boles, committee chair; Wesley Johnston, Greg W. Marshall, Edward Rigdon, Danny Bellenger, committee members. Electronic text (222 p.) : digital, PDF file. Description based on contents viewed Oct. 29, 2007. Includes bibliographical references (p. 217-221).

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

48

Arnelo, Albin, and Broberg Nicole Fogelgren. "Agile Contracts Implementation for Industrial Companies Purchasing Embedded Systems." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för industriell teknik och management (ITM), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-278900.

Full text

Abstract:

The continuous advances and prevalence of embedded systems, being systems consisting of both hardware and software put together, provides a great challenge for industrial companies. Due to the increasing need of complex products to meet the demands of customers, companies more often need to source software from external suppliers. Software has the characteristic of being a product which is difficult to specify as it has the ability to iteratively update itself according to the changing environment, making it hard to determine precisely what it will look like at the beginning of its development. As a result, traditional waterfall contracts, for which the intention is to set clear specifications early on, are often not suitable for developing systems including software. Therefore, the need for flexible contracts, called agile contracts, among industrial companies is emerging to support new technological applications. The purpose of this thesis was to examine what the main challenges are when implementing agile contracts in industrial companies who are purchasing embedded systems, and how these challenges can be mitigated or rectified. This was done by an empirical study in the form of interviews with various relevant actors. Firstly, employees from an industrial company looking to implement agile contracts within its procurement processes to support its embedded system purchases were interviewed. The respondents expressed their concerns and perceived challenges with introducing agile contracts to their business. Then, to answer the challenges interviews were conducted with people who were knowledgeable within the topic of agile contracts. Also, a benchmark, a literature review and a theoretical framework have been performed to analyse previous findings within this research area. This thesis identified nine main challenges being Risk Management, Payment Model, Time Aspect, Communication, Embedded Systems, IP-Rights, Supplier Management, Mindset & Knowledge and Future. Each of these challenges was answered separately, but it was found that some answers overlapped between different challenges. The most prevalent challenge was regarding communication, as a successful relationship built on sufficient collaboration and trust lays a foundation for all the other challenges to be managed more easily. Another recurrent theme was that all involved parties must understand precisely what an agile contract implies in order to make beneficial decisions to manage all the challenges.
De kontinuerliga framstegen för inbyggda system, som består av både hårdvara och mjukvara sammansatt innebär en stor utmaning för industriella företag. På grund av det ökade behovet av mjukvara för att möta kundernas efterfrågan behöver företag köpa in mjukvara från externa leverantörer. Mjukvara är svårt att specificera eftersom det har förmågan att iterativt uppdatera sig själv i enighet med den förändrade miljön. Detta gör det svårt att i ett tidigt skede av ett projekt fastställa exakt hur produkten ska vara utformad. På grund av detta är traditionella kontrakt, som ofta följer vattenfallsmodellen för vilken avsikten är att tidigt sätta tydliga kravspecifikationer, sällan lämpade för att köpa in inbyggda system. Därav uppstår behovet av agila kontrakt bland industriföretag för att stödja nya tekniska tillämpningar. Syftet med denna avhandling var att undersöka vilka de huvudsakliga utmaningarna är gällande att implementera agila kontrakt på ett industriföretag som köper in och utvecklar inbyggda system samt hur dessa utmaningar kan bemötas. Detta gjordes i form av en empirisk studie med relevanta aktörer, främst inom ett industriföretag som avser att implementera agila kontrakt i sin inköpsprocess för att effektivisera inköp av inbyggda system. Först intervjuades medarbetare som idag köper in inbyggda system. Dessa fick uttrycka sina tveksamheter och utmaningar kring att implementera agila kontrakt i sin inköpsprocess. Efter det utfördes mer strukturerade intervjuer med kunniga personer inom agila kontrakt med målet att hitta lösningar till de tidigare identifierade utmaningarna. Dessa intervjuer i kombination med en litteraturstudie, ett teoretiskt ramverk och en benchmark användes för att analysera och besvara de identifierade utmaningarna. Denna avhandling identifierade nio huvudsakliga utmaningar från de explorativa intervjuerna; Riskhantering, Betalningsmodell, Tidsaspekt, Kommunikation, Inbyggda System, IP-Rättigheter, Mentalitet & Kunskap samt Framtid. Dessa utmaningar har alla blivit besvarade separat men det fastställdes tidigt att de finns tydliga överlappningar mellan utmaningarna. Den vanligaste överlappningen var angående kommunikation då en framgångsrik relation byggd på samarbete och förtroende lägger grunden för att alla andra utmaningar lättare ska kunna bemötas och lösas. Ytterligare ett återkommande tema var att alla parter måste förstå exakt vad ett agilt kontrakt innebär och hur det fungerar för att kunna fatta rätt beslut och hantera övriga utmaningar.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

49

Krafft, Pascale. "The influence of transformational and transactional leadership on interpersonal trust through perceptions of fairness." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/53131.

Full text

Abstract:

Thesis (MA)--Stellenbosch University, 2002.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Southern African organisations have to survive In an increasingly competitive and globalised market. Southern African organisations are characterised through low productivity levels, low levels of trust between employers and employees, low levels of organisational commitment and effectiveness. Solutions must be found in order to overcome these problems and to prevent them in the future. This study might offer such a solution. The primary goal of this study was to establish whether there is a relationship between transformational and transactional leadership and interpersonal trust, and whether this relationship is influenced through organisational justice (in terms of procedural, interactional and distributive justice). The basis of this study was to establish whether procedural justice had a mediating effect on the relationship between transformational leadership and trust, and whether distributive justice had a mediating effect on the relationship between transactional leadership and trust. Another goal of this study was to establish whether there was a direct relationship between transformational leadership and trust. This study was based on a model of Pillai, Schriesheim and Williams (1999) who tested these relationships in the USA. Their results gave rise to replicating this study in Southern Africa. A literature study of transformational and transactional leadership, organisational justice (in terms of procedural, interactional, and distributive justice) and trust was conducted. The relationship between these constructs has also been analysed in the literature study. A questionnaire consisting of four sections was compiled in accordance with the literature study. These questionnaires were distributed to a Namibian bank. Twelve branches took part in this research. The sample comprised 281 persons, each of whom had to complete the questionnaire. Section A of the questionnaire was designed to give an indication of the demographic variables of the participants. Section B measured transformational and transactional leadership. This section was based on Bass and Avolio's multifactor leadership questionnaire (MLQ). Section C was compiled in accordance with Moorman's study of organisational justice. This section measured procedural, interactional and distributive justice. The last section, Section D, measured trust and was based on Bews's questionnaire of trust. The statistical analysis was conducted in two phases. In phase one, the confirmatory factor analysis on the original theoretical model did not produce adequate goodness-of-fit statistics. The structural model did not converge on LISREL in the first phase. Subsequently, alternative solutions had to be found and a second phase of statistical analysis was undertaken. In this phase, the various leadership dimensions were separated to test their individual effects in the model. Initially, principal component analyses using Varimax rotation and item analyses were performed on the data set using SPSS. Some items had to be removed as a result of the dimensionality and item analyses. Thereafter confirmatory factor analysis was conducted on the reduced data set, using LISREL. The results indicated satisfactory factor loadings on the measurement models. Good fit was also revealed for the measurement models. Consequently, the structural model was tested on LISREL. The results provided reasonable goodness-of-fit statistics, but some hypotheses failed to be corroborated in this study. New insights have also been gained through the results. Conclusions were drawn from the results obtained and recommendations are made for future research.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Suider-Afrikaanse ondernemings moet in 'n toenemend kompeterende en internasionale besigheidswêreld probeer oorleef. Suider-Afrikaanse ondernemings word egter gekenmerk deur lae produktiwiteitsvlakke, 'n groot mate van wantroue tussen werknemers en werkgewers, lae vlakke van organisatoriese betrokkenheid en effektiwiteit. Oplossings moet gevind word om hierdie probleme te oorkom en in die toekoms te voorkom. Hierdie studie lewer moontlik 'n oplossing. Die primêre doel van hierdie studie IS om te bepaal of daar 'n verwantskap tussen transformasionele en transaksionele leierskap en vertroue bestaan, en of hierdie verwantskap deur persepsies van billikheid beïnvloed word. Die grondslag van dié studie was om vas te stelof prosessuele (procedural) billikheid 'n bemiddelende invloed op die verband tussen transformasionele leierskap en vertroue uitoefen, en of distributiewe billikheid 'n bemiddelende invloed uitoefen op die verhouding tussen transaksionele leierskap en vertroue. Verder is daar ook gekyk of daar 'n direkte verband tussen transformasionele leierskap en vertroue bestaan. Hierdie studie is gegrond op Pillai, Schriesheim en Williams (1999) se model, wat die verband tussen hierdie konstrukte in die VSA getoets het. Hulle resultate het aanleiding tot die herhaling van hierdie studie in Suider-Afrika gegee. 'n Literatuurstudie oor transformasionele en transaksionele leierskap, organisatoriese billikheid (in terme van prosessuele, interaktiewe en distributiewe billikheid) en vertroue is uitgevoer. Die verband tussen hierdie konstrukte is ook in die literatuurstudie ontleed. 'n Vraelys is na aanleiding van die literatuurstudie opgestel en in 'n Namibiese Bank versprei. Twaalf banktakke het aan hierdie studie deelgeneem. Die steekproef het uit 281 persone bestaan wat elkeen 'n vraelys moes voltooi. Afdeling A van die vraelys was ontwerp om 'n aanduiding van die demografiese veranderlikes van die deelnemers te verkry. Afdeling B het transformasionele en transaksionele leierskap gemeet en was op Bass en Avolio se leierskapsvraelys gebaseer. Afdeling C is opgestel na aanleiding van Moorman se studie oor billikheid in orgarnsasies. Hierdie deel het prosessuele, interaktiewe en distributiewe billikheid gemeet. Die laaste afdeling, afdeling D, het interpersoonlike vertroue gemeet en is gebaseer op Bews se vertrouevraelys. Die statistiese analise is in twee fases uitgevoer. In die eerste fase is die oorspronklike teoretiese modelop LISREL getoets. Die bevestigende faktoranalises van die latente veranderlikes het nie goeie passingstatistieke getoon nie. Die strukturele model het ook nie gekonvergeer nie. As gevolg hiervan moes alternatiewe oplossings gevind word en 'n tweede fase van statistiese anal ise is toegepas. Die leierskapsoriëntasies is opgedeel In hulle onderskeie dimensies. Daaropvolgend is eers dimensieanalise met die hulp van hootkomponentontleding en itemontleding gedoen. Verskeie items moes op grond van hierdie analises verwyder word. Op die verkorte datastel is daar weer 'n bevestigende faktoranalises met behulp van LISREL gedoen. Die passingstatistieke het hier aanvaarbare resultate opgelewer. Vervolgens is die nuwe strukturele model met behulp van LISREL getoets. Die resultate het redelike passingstatistieke gelewer, maar daar kon nie steun vir alle hipoteses gevind word nie. Nuwe insigte is deur die resultate verwerf. Op grond van die resultate is daar tot bepaalde gevolgtrekkings gekom en daar word aanbevelings vir verdere navorsing gemaak.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

50

Williams, Samuel Thomas. "The Implications of Pre-Work Safety Expectations for Workplace Accident Prevention." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Psychology, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/3650.

Full text

Abstract:

Young workers are overrepresented in workplace accidents. The aim of this study was to provide the first research exploration of relatively inexperienced neophyte’s pre-work safety expectations, and their associations with expected risk and expected trust. A model of neophyte safety expectations was developed and tested linking accident exposure and work exposure to safety expectations, expectations of trust (in both co-workers and management) and expectations of risk. Results provided partial support for the model, suggesting that neophytes enter work with inflated safety expectations that do not match the reality of the job, and revealed marked gender differences in safety expectations. Implications and future recommendations are discussed.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Industrial Trust'

Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles