Relevant bibliographies by topics / Industrial waste water

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Industrial waste water'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 30 May 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Industrial waste water"

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Vincent, John D. "Industrial waste water reclamation process." Environment International 20, no. 1 (January 1994): II. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0160-4120(94)90082-5.

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Lyubenova, Mariyana, Snejana Dineva, Kristiana Cala, Branislav Dinich, and Silvena Boteva. "Ecotoxicity of Purified Industrial Waste Water." Environment and Ecology Research 7, no. 4 (July 2019): 208–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.13189/eer.2019.070402.

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van Luin, A. B., and W. van Starkenburg. "Hazardous Substances in Waste Water." Water Science and Technology 17, no. 6-7 (June 1, 1985): 843–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1985.0184.

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The Governmental Institute for Sewage and Waste Water Treatment has studied the presence of a number of hazardous substances, selected by the EEC-Commission, in sewage and industrial waste water. The influent, effluent and sludge of six municipal waste water treatment plants and the waste water of 59 industries were sampled and analysed. Volatile chlorinated hydrocarbons in sewage originate mainly from industrial discharges. Chlorophenols, γ-hexachlorocyclohexane, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) appear to be present at a low and constant background in municipal sewage and in many industrial waste waters. The removal in the municipal treatment plants amounts to:-volatile chlorinated hydrocarbons 50–90%-hexachlorobenzene 95%-hexachlorocyclohexanes 40–65%-chlorophenols 20–40%-PCB about 90%-PAH 85–95% This study has given a survey of emissions of these hazardous substances. The total emission of the examined substances in the Netherlands has remained out of the scope of this investigation.
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M. Nahiun, Khandakar, Bijoyee Sarker, Kamrun N. Keya, Fatin I. Mahir, Shahirin Shahida, and Ruhul A. Khan. "A Review on the Methods of Industrial Waste Water Treatment." Scientific Review, no. 73 (July 7, 2021): 20–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.32861/sr.73.20.31.

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Nowadays environmental pollution is a great threat to us. Water resources are mostly polluted by industrial wastes. Among all other pollutions, water pollution is one of the most vital pollution caused by different sources like industrial, domestic, sewage, hazardous waste, municipal waste, medical waste, manufacturing waste, etc. Public concern over the impact of wastewater has increased. There are several methods for the treatment of wastewater. Among them, techniques like coagulation, adsorption, activated sludge are prominent. The use of aerobic wastewater treatment as a reductive medium is receiving attention for its low cost of operation and low cost of maintenance. The uses of low-cost adsorbents are also effective in wastewater treatment. The aerobic wastewater is effective in degrading the contaminants. There are different electrolytic techniques as well for wastewater treatment. This paper reviews the possible techniques available for the treatment of wastewater to remove contaminants such as halogenated hydrocarbon compounds, heavy metals, dyes, pigments etc. from the wastewater.
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pour, Parisa, Mohammad Takassi, and Touba Hamoule. "Removal of Aluminum from Water and Industrial Waste Water." Oriental Journal of Chemistry 30, no. 3 (September 26, 2014): 1365–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.13005/ojc/300356.

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Bentham, Richard, Nick McClure, and David Catcheside. "Biotreatment of an industrial waste oil condensate." Water Science and Technology 36, no. 10 (November 1, 1997): 125–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1997.0374.

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The biotreatment of an industrial waste oil condensate has been investigated. The waste is an oily emulsion resulting from chemical processing and condensation of grease trap wastes and industrial waste oils. The oil consists of a complex mix of hydrocarbons with significant fuel oil and lube oil fractions. Currently this waste is disposed of by incineration. The feasibility of using a biological pretreatment process to remove a significant proportion of the hydrocarbons has been investigated. Enrichment cultures produced a stable bacterial consortium. Flask cultures of this enrichment culture were capable of rapid emulsification of the oil. Within 10 days, 40–50% of the oil waste was degraded. Degradation was monitored using gas chromatographic analysis with flame ionisation detector (GC-FID) and by assessment of microbial dehydrogenase activity using triphenyl tetrazolium chloride (TTC) dye reduction. The enrichment culture consisted of 9 component organisms, 7 Gram negative and one Gram positive organisms. Their degradative abilities in monoculture have been investigated. Degradation of the waste using monocultures was monitored using GC-FID analysis of the Pristane:C17 ratio in the waste. The degradation capability of each of the component organisms in pure culture was similar to that of the consortium.
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Knepper, Thomas P., Jutta Müller, Timm Wulff, and Anke Maes. "Unknown bisethylisooctanollactone isomers in industrial waste water." Journal of Chromatography A 889, no. 1-2 (August 2000): 245–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0021-9673(00)00399-x.

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DITCHFIELD, P. "Industrial waste water treatment: the anaerobic alternative." Trends in Biotechnology 4, no. 12 (December 1986): 309–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0167-7799(86)90182-4.

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Ahring, B. K., I. Angelidaki, and K. Johansen. "Anaerobic Treatment of Manure Together with Industrial Waste." Water Science and Technology 25, no. 7 (April 1, 1992): 311–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1992.0163.

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A joint large-scale biogas plant treats animal manure together with organic industrial and household solid waste and produces biogas and organic fertilizers. In the presentation we will discuss the importance of combined treatment of manure and organic waste. Furthermore, data will be shown on the effects of addition of lipid- and protein- containing wastes to thermophilic digesters treating cattle manure.
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Zhou, Shu Qing. "An Empirical Analysis on the Relationship between Industrial Economic Growth and Environmental Pollution - Taking the Chongqing of China as an Example." Advanced Materials Research 807-809 (September 2013): 732–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.807-809.732.

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Basing on the theories of Environmental Kuznets Curve,this paper analyzes the relationship between industrial economic growth and waste gas,waste water and solid wastes with the economic and environmental statistics of Chongqing Municipality from 1995 to 2009. The study shows that there is a inverted N-type of environmental Kuznets curve of the industrial waste water with the rising of industrial per capita value, but it lies in the left side of the EKC. There exists a extremely notable relationship between the industrial per capita value and produced volume of industrial solid wastes,but the curve has not come up to the turning point. In order to achieve the harmonious development between industrial economic growth and environmental pollution in Chongqing,we should establish the long-effect mechanism for environmental protection.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Industrial waste water"

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Tanner, Rene Michelle 1963. "Food chain organisms in industrial waste water ponds." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/192096.

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The following thesis research examined the algae and invertebrates making up a food chain in two, hypersaline, industrial waste water ponds at the Palo Verde Nuclear Generating Station in Phoenix, Arizona. The ponds had high levels of total salts (65 g/I, mainly NaC1), nitrate (580 mg/1), BOD (31.6 mg/1) and algae (up to 650,000 cells/m1). Currently, the only toxic element of concern is selenium (1641 IA g/ 1) . The dominant algae were the diatoms Chaetoceros sp. and Nitzschia frustulum (Kurtz.) Grun. and the cyanobacteria, Synechococcus Nageli 1849. The only aquatic fauna were two invertebrates: Artemia sp. (brine shrimp) and Trichocorixa sp. (water boatmen). A salinity tolerance experiment on algae indicated that the current dominant species will not persist above 150 g/I salt, hence the ponds, which are not expected to reach this salininity for many years, will continue to support a food chain and attract waterfowl as the mineral content increases.
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Benjathapanum, Nunthika. "Artificial intelligence applications in waste water monitoring for industrial purposes." Thesis, City University London, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.294426.

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Kam, Kwok-hang Dave. "Review on the industrial wastewater management in Hong Kong /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1998. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B19945437.

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Ko, Chi-ho. "A study of industrial waste water treatment and the feasibility of recycling /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1996. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B17457749.

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Ko, Chi-ho, and 高志浩. "A study of industrial waste water treatment and the feasibility of recycling." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1996. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31253398.

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Fonseka, K. C. M. (Kosmafonsekage Chintha Mirani) 1960. "Characterization of dissolved organic matter in industrial wastewaters." Monash University, Dept. of Chemistry, 2000. http://arrow.monash.edu.au/hdl/1959.1/8932.

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Ayesha, Sadia. "Impact of industrial waste water on the environment: case study : Kot Lukh Put Industrial Estate, Lahore,Pakistan." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2003. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31260998.

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Corden, Thomas Joseph. "Development of design and manufacturing techniques for glass reinforced plastic waste water treatment equipment." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.339665.

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Walklett, Hilary James. "The pollution of the rivers of South-East Lancashire by industrial waste between c1860 and c1900." Thesis, Lancaster University, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.335084.

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Wallace, Trevor Haig. "Biological Treatment of a Synthetic Dye Water and an Industrial Textile Wastewater Containing Azo Dye Compounds." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/34115.

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In this research, the ability of anaerobic and aerobic biological sludges to reduce and stabilize azo dye compounds was studied. Synthetic dye solutions and an industrial textile wastewater were both treated using anaerobic and aerobic biomass, separately and in sequential step-treatment processes. The primary objective was to reduce the wastewater color to an intensity that complies with the Virginia Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (VPDES) permit level. This level is set at 300 American Dye Manufactures Institute (ADMI) units. Further objectives were to achieve reductions in the total kjehdal nitrogen (TKN) and total organic carbon (TOC) in the wastewater. Anaerobic and aerobic treatment systems were both effective in reducing the wastewater color; however, anaerobic treatment generally produced the greatest color removal. Anaerobic/aerobic (ANA/AER) sequential step-treatment provided the best reductions in ADMI color, TKN and TOC. Anaerobic/aerobic/anaerobic/aerobic (ANA/AER/ANA/AER) sequential step-treatment did not yield greater reductions in ADMI color, TKN, or TOC as compared to ANA/AER sequential step-treatment.
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Books on the topic "Industrial waste water"

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Eckenfelder, William Wesley. Industrial water pollution control. 2nd ed. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1989.

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Industrial water pollution control. 2nd ed. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1989.

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Industrial water pollution control. 3rd ed. Boston: McGraw-Hill, 2000.

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Stronach, S. M. Anaerobic digestion processes in industrial waste-water treatment. Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 1986.

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Developing industrial water pollution control programs: A primer. Lancaster, Pa: Technomic Pub., 1997.

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The science and technology of industrial water treatment. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press, 2010.

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Pargal, Sheoli. Inspections and emissions in India: Puzzling survey evidence on industrial water pollution. Washington, DC: World Bank, Development Research Group, 1997.

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Industrial waste treatment process engineering. Lancaster, Penn: Technomic Publishing, 1999.

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Industrial waste treatment process engineering. Lancaster, Penn: Technomic Publishing, 2000.

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(Mira), Petrović M., and SpringerLink (Online service), eds. Emerging Contaminants from Industrial and Municipal Waste: Removal Technologies. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2008.

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Book chapters on the topic "Industrial waste water"

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Gooch, Jan W. "Industrial Waste Water." In Encyclopedic Dictionary of Polymers, 386. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-6247-8_6284.

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Ledon, Henry J. "Ozone for Waste Remediation and Waste Water Treatment." In Industrial Environmental Chemistry, 171–80. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-2320-2_14.

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Fresenius, W., W. Schneider, B. Böhnke, and K. Pöppinghaus. "Conditions for the Disposal of Industrial and Municipal Waste Water and Sludges." In Waste Water Technology, 410–66. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-52278-9_5.

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Seckler, M. M., O. S. L. Bruinsma, and G. M. van Rosmalen. "Phosphate Removal from Waste Water." In Calcium Phosphates in Biological and Industrial Systems, 465–77. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-5517-9_20.

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Sallach, Robert C., John W. Olver, Paul R. Jenkins, and Douglas B. Hudgins. "Treatment and Reuse of Pharmaceutical Process Water." In Hazardous and Industrial Waste Proceedings, 291–92. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003075905-38.

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Kumar, Arun, and Jay Shankar Singh. "Microalgal Biomass: An Opportunity for Sustainable Industrial Production." In Microalgae in Waste Water Remediation, 217–40. First edition. | Boca Raton : CRC Press, Taylor & Francis Group, 2021.: CRC Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780429298080-12.

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Suri, Rominder P. S., Michael R. Paraskewich, and Qibin Zhang. "Removal of Organic Contaminants from Water Using Sonolysis." In Hazardous and Industrial Waste Proceedings, 313–22. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003075905-41.

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Ghosh, Sadhan Kumar, and Tirthankar Mukherjee. "Circular Economy Through Treatment and Management of Industrial Wastewater." In Waste Water Recycling and Management, 1–13. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-2619-6_1.

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Tanasă, Fulga, Carmen-Alice Teacă, and Marioara Nechifor. "Lignocellulosic Waste Materials for Industrial Water Purification." In Nanotechnology in the Life Sciences, 381–407. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-42284-4_14.

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Kiruba Devi, V., S. S. Nandhini Priya, M. Shivasankari, A. Murugaiyan, H. Saarathy, and V. Kirubakaran. "Industrial Wastewater Treatment Using Solar Still for Achieving Zero Liquid Discharge." In Waste Water Recycling and Management, 233–38. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-2619-6_18.

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Conference papers on the topic "Industrial waste water"

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OMOLE, DAVID O., BADEJO A. ADEKUNLE, JULIUS M. NDAMBUKI, ADEBANJI S. OGBIYE, OLUMUYIWA O. ONAKUNLE, and PRAISEGOD C. EMENIKE. "IMPACT OF INDUSTRIAL AND MUNICIPAL WASTE-LOAD ON SKINNERSPRUIT IN GAUTENG PROVINCE, SOUTH AFRICA." In WATER POLLUTION 2018. Southampton UK: WIT Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/wp180031.

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Vasilica, Stefan, Simion Maria Andra, Lucretia Popa, Ancuta Nedelcu, and Radu Ciuperca. "Pre-treatment of industrial waste water with hydrocarbon separators." In 18th International Scientific Conference Engineering for Rural Development. Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.22616/erdev2019.18.n362.

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Hajnal, Eva, Gabor Lakner, Peter Ivanics, Zoltan Molnar, and Jozsef Lakner. "Real time control system for industrial waste water management." In 2012 IEEE 16th International Conference on Intelligent Engineering Systems (INES). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ines.2012.6249872.

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Gaonkar, Pradnya, and Mallikarjun Kande. "Challenges and opportunities of automation system for water and waste water applications." In 2014 IEEE International Conference on Industrial Technology (ICIT). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icit.2014.6894913.

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Karpate, Tanvi, Muhammed Shameem K. M., Rajesh Nayak, Unnikrishnan V. K., and Santhosh C. "LIBS: a potential tool for industrial/agricultural waste water analysis." In SPIE Photonics Europe, edited by Jacob I. Mackenzie, Helena JelÍnková, Takunori Taira, and Marwan Abdou Ahmed. SPIE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2235406.

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Jonovic, Radojka. "CHARACTERIZATION OF INDUSTRIAL WASTE WATER GENERATED IN THE COPPER PRODUCTION PROCESS." In SGEM2011 11th International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference and EXPO. Stef92 Technology, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgem2011/s20.109.

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Myers, Eric R., and Jay Lehr. "Implementing and Managing a Practical Corporate Wide Legionella Risk Reduction Strategy for Industrial Water Systems." In 15th Annual North American Waste-to-Energy Conference. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/nawtec15-3217.

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Experts believe that Legionella may be present in 25% of cooling towers at any time, even with normal water treatment programs in place. This could pose a risk to employees and others working near cooling towers, and it could pose a risk to neighboring facilities such as schools, hospitals, public facilities, other businesses, or residential communities. The goal is to reduce the risk of Legionella, more specifically Legionella pnuemophila, which is the bacterium that causes a potentially fatal pneumonia known as Legionenaires’ Disease or legionellosis. Reducing the risk of Legionella requires more than water treatment alone, it requires a strategic plan based on recommended industry best practices that considers the mechanical, operational, and chemical control of cooling water systems. Implementing a corporate wide policy for Legionella risk reduction is challenging for waste-to-energy facility cooling towers. While a corporate policy for managing the risk due to Legionella is prudent, application of such a policy should not be wholly applied across all facilities or plant locations because not all water systems are equal or operated the same. Implementation starts with a plan that involves a multidisciplinary team including third party consultation and expertise. The first step of the Legionella risk reduction strategy is to evaluate current equipment and practices at each plant through a risk assessment process. The second step is to prepare a written Management Plan based on the risk assessment that clearly details risk reduction practices. The third step is to implement the management plan and monitor the system to ensure practices remain effective. And finally, all documentation should be periodically reviewed and adjustments made as necessary. This presentation will describe a process for implementing a corporate Legionella risk reduction policy, and it will highlight some of the major experiences learned.
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Agarwal, A. K. "REMOVAL OF NI FROM INDUSTRIAL WASTE WATER USING FLYASH UNDER OPTIMUM CONDITIONS." In SGEM2011 11th International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference and EXPO. Stef92 Technology, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgem2011/s20.158.

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Pervez, Nayab, Abdur Rashid, and Adil Habib Alam. "Analysis of HV Plasma Corona Reactor Treatment System for Industrial Waste Water." In 2016 International Conference on Frontiers of Information Technology (FIT). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/fit.2016.056.

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McLarty, Rebecca, Valerie Going, and Raymond Schauer. "An Introduction to the Cascading Water Management System for Sustainable Water Conservation at Waste-to-Energy Facilities." In 20th Annual North American Waste-to-Energy Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/nawtec20-7044.

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Currently, there are 86 communities in the U.S. which employ waste-to-energy (WTE) facilities as a means of high quality solid waste disposal. The WTE process beneficially produces electricity while reducing the volume of landfill waste by up to 90 percent, thereby extending the remaining life of a community’s landfill more than ten-fold. However, the traditional WTE process requires a significant volume of water. This interdependency is often referred to as the “water-energy nexus.” An innovative approach was needed to optimize water conservation for a new 3,000-ton-per-day (TPD) mass burn WTE facility in Palm Beach County (PBREF2). With this in mind, a cascading water management system (CWMS) was developed that uses alternative water supply sources and a cascading hierarchy of water systems that maximize reuse to meet the new facility’s water needs. The selection of an air-cooled condenser to be used for cooling purposes, instead of the wet cooling systems traditionally in place at these facilities will also significantly reduce the amount of water needed in the overall process. The WTE facility will be constructed adjacent to an existing 2,000-TPD refuse-derived fuel facility (PBREF1), allowing beneficial reuse of some of the cooling tower blowdown from the RDF facility as a source of supply water in the new facility. The reuse of this process wastewater will conserve clean water sources that otherwise would have to be used as a source of makeup to the new facility, as well as reduce the amount of wastewater disposed through deep-well injection from the RDF facility. Harvested rainwater and industrial supply well water will also be used as alternative sources of supply to the new facility. The innovative CWMS will maximize reuse and reduce the amount of makeup water needed to the system. As water conservation continues to be of high concern in all areas of the globe, this concept can be applied to other WTE and industrial facilities. This paper will provide an overview of the innovative CWMS that has been designed for the PBREF2 facility.
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Reports on the topic "Industrial waste water"

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Name, No. Recycled water reuse permit renewal application for the materials and fuels complex industrial waste ditch and industrial waste pond. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), October 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1167540.

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Minz, Dror, Stefan J. Green, Noa Sela, Yitzhak Hadar, Janet Jansson, and Steven Lindow. Soil and rhizosphere microbiome response to treated waste water irrigation. United States Department of Agriculture, January 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2013.7598153.bard.

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Research objectives : Identify genetic potential and community structure of soil and rhizosphere microbial community structure as affected by treated wastewater (TWW) irrigation. This objective was achieved through the examination soil and rhizosphere microbial communities of plants irrigated with fresh water (FW) and TWW. Genomic DNA extracted from soil and rhizosphere samples (Minz laboratory) was processed for DNA-based shotgun metagenome sequencing (Green laboratory). High-throughput bioinformatics was performed to compare both taxonomic and functional gene (and pathway) differences between sample types (treatment and location). Identify metabolic pathways induced or repressed by TWW irrigation. To accomplish this objective, shotgun metatranscriptome (RNA-based) sequencing was performed. Expressed genes and pathways were compared to identify significantly differentially expressed features between rhizosphere communities of plants irrigated with FW and TWW. Identify microbial gene functions and pathways affected by TWW irrigation*. To accomplish this objective, we will perform a metaproteome comparison between rhizosphere communities of plants irrigated with FW and TWW and selected soil microbial activities. Integration and evaluation of microbial community function in relation to its structure and genetic potential, and to infer the in situ physiology and function of microbial communities in soil and rhizospere under FW and TWW irrigation regimes. This objective is ongoing due to the need for extensive bioinformatics analysis. As a result of the capabilities of the new PI, we have also been characterizing the transcriptome of the plant roots as affected by the TWW irrigation and comparing the function of the plants to that of the microbiome. *This original objective was not achieved in the course of this study due to technical issues, especially the need to replace the American PIs during the project. However, the fact we were able to analyze more than one plant system as a result of the abilities of the new American PI strengthened the power of the conclusions derived from studies for the 1ˢᵗ and 2ⁿᵈ objectives. Background: As the world population grows, more urban waste is discharged to the environment, and fresh water sources are being polluted. Developing and industrial countries are increasing the use of wastewater and treated wastewater (TWW) for agriculture practice, thus turning the waste product into a valuable resource. Wastewater supplies a year- round reliable source of nutrient-rich water. Despite continuing enhancements in TWW quality, TWW irrigation can still result in unexplained and undesirable effects on crops. In part, these undesirable effects may be attributed to, among other factors, to the effects of TWW on the plant microbiome. Previous studies, including our own, have presented the TWW effect on soil microbial activity and community composition. To the best of our knowledge, however, no comprehensive study yet has been conducted on the microbial population associated BARD Report - Project 4662 Page 2 of 16 BARD Report - Project 4662 Page 3 of 16 with plant roots irrigated with TWW – a critical information gap. In this work, we characterize the effect of TWW irrigation on root-associated microbial community structure and function by using the most innovative tools available in analyzing bacterial community- a combination of microbial marker gene amplicon sequencing, microbial shotunmetagenomics (DNA-based total community and gene content characterization), microbial metatranscriptomics (RNA-based total community and gene content characterization), and plant host transcriptome response. At the core of this research, a mesocosm experiment was conducted to study and characterize the effect of TWW irrigation on tomato and lettuce plants. A focus of this study was on the plant roots, their associated microbial communities, and on the functional activities of plant root-associated microbial communities. We have found that TWW irrigation changes both the soil and root microbial community composition, and that the shift in the plant root microbiome associated with different irrigation was as significant as the changes caused by the plant host or soil type. The change in microbial community structure was accompanied by changes in the microbial community-wide functional potential (i.e., gene content of the entire microbial community, as determined through shotgun metagenome sequencing). The relative abundance of many genes was significantly different in TWW irrigated root microbiome relative to FW-irrigated root microbial communities. For example, the relative abundance of genes encoding for transporters increased in TWW-irrigated roots increased relative to FW-irrigated roots. Similarly, the relative abundance of genes linked to potassium efflux, respiratory systems and nitrogen metabolism were elevated in TWW irrigated roots when compared to FW-irrigated roots. The increased relative abundance of denitrifying genes in TWW systems relative FW systems, suggests that TWW-irrigated roots are more anaerobic compare to FW irrigated root. These gene functional data are consistent with geochemical measurements made from these systems. Specifically, the TWW irrigated soils had higher pH, total organic compound (TOC), sodium, potassium and electric conductivity values in comparison to FW soils. Thus, the root microbiome genetic functional potential can be correlated with pH, TOC and EC values and these factors must take part in the shaping the root microbiome. The expressed functions, as found by the metatranscriptome analysis, revealed many genes that increase in TWW-irrigated plant root microbial population relative to those in the FW-irrigated plants. The most substantial (and significant) were sodium-proton antiporters and Na(+)-translocatingNADH-quinoneoxidoreductase (NQR). The latter protein uses the cell respiratory machinery to harness redox force and convert the energy for efflux of sodium. As the roots and their microbiomes are exposed to the same environmental conditions, it was previously hypothesized that understanding the soil and rhizospheremicrobiome response will shed light on natural processes in these niches. This study demonstrate how newly available tools can better define complex processes and their downstream consequences, such as irrigation with water from different qualities, and to identify primary cues sensed by the plant host irrigated with TWW. From an agricultural perspective, many common practices are complicated processes with many ‘moving parts’, and are hard to characterize and predict. Multiple edaphic and microbial factors are involved, and these can react to many environmental cues. These complex systems are in turn affected by plant growth and exudation, and associated features such as irrigation, fertilization and use of pesticides. However, the combination of shotgun metagenomics, microbial shotgun metatranscriptomics, plant transcriptomics, and physical measurement of soil characteristics provides a mechanism for integrating data from highly complex agricultural systems to eventually provide for plant physiological response prediction and monitoring. BARD Report
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3

Khasaeva, Fatima, Igor Parshikov, and Evgeny Zaraisky. Degradation of 2,6-dimethylpyridine by Arthrobacter crystallopoietes. Intellectual Archive, December 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.32370/iaj.2463.

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Degradation of pyridines in waste water is an important issue for chemical and pharmaceutical industries. The biodegradation of 2,6-dimethylpyridine was investigated by the bacterium Arthrobacter crystallopoietes KM-4, which resulted in the formation of three metabolites: 2,6-dimethylpyridin-3-ol, 2,6-dimethylpyridin- 3,4-diol, and 2,4-dioxopentanoic acid.
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Litaor, Iggy, James Ippolito, Iris Zohar, and Michael Massey. Phosphorus capture recycling and utilization for sustainable agriculture using Al/organic composite water treatment residuals. United States Department of Agriculture, January 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2015.7600037.bard.

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Objectives: 1) develop a thorough understanding of the sorption mechanisms of Pi and Po onto the Al/O- WTR; 2) determine the breakthrough range of the composite Al/O-WTR during P capturing from agro- wastewaters; and 3) critically evaluate the performance of the composite Al/O-WTR as a fertilizer using selected plants grown in lysimeters and test-field studies. Instead of lysimeters we used pots (Israel) and one- liter cone-tainers (USA). We conducted one field study but in spite of major pretreatments the soils still exhibited high enough P from previous experiments so no differences between control and P additions were noticeable. Due to time constrains the field study was discontinued. Background: Phosphorous, a non-renewable resource, has been applied extensively in fields to increase crop yield, yet consequently has increased the potential of waterway eutrophication. Our proposal impetus is the need to develop an innovative method of P capturing, recycling and reuse that will sustain agricultural productivity while concurrently reducing the level of P discharge from and to agricultural settings. Major Conclusions & Achievements: An innovative approach was developed for P removal from soil leachate, dairy wastewater (Israel), and swine effluents (USA) using Al-based water treatment residuals (Al- WTR) to create an organic-Al-WTR composite (Al/O-WTR), potentially capable of serving as a P fertilizer source. The Al-WTR removed 95% inorganic-P, 80% to 99.9% organic P, and over 60% dissolved organic carbon from the agro-industrial waste streams. Organic C accumulation on particles surfaces possibly enhanced weak P bonding and facilitated P desorption. Analysis by scanning electron microscope (SEM- EDS), indicated that P was sparsely sorbed on both calcic and Al (hydr)oxide surfaces. Sorption of P onto WW-Al/O-WTR was reversible due to weak Ca-P and Al-P bonds induced by the slight alkaline nature and in the presence of organic moieties. Synchrotron-based microfocused X-ray fluorescence (micro-XRF) spectrometry, bulk P K-edge X-ray absorption near edge structure spectroscopy (XANES), and P K-edge micro-XANES spectroscopy indicated that adsorption was the primary P retention mechanism in the Al- WTR materials. However, distinct apatite- or octocalciumphosphatelike P grains were also observed. Synchrotron micro-XRF mapping further suggested that exposure of the aggregate exteriors to wastewater caused P to diffuse into the porous Al-WTR aggregates. Organic P species were not explicitly identified via P K-edge XANES despite high organic matter content, suggesting that organic P may have been predominantly associated with mineral surfaces. In screen houses experiments (Israel) we showed that the highest additions of Al/O-WTR (5 and 7 g kg⁻¹) produced the highest lettuce (Lactuca sativa L. var. longifolial) yield. Lettuce yield and P concentration were similar across treatments, indicating that Al/O- WTR can provide sufficient P to perform similarly to common fertilizers. A greenhouse study (USA) was utilized to compare increasing rates of swine wastewater derived Al/O-WTR and inorganic P fertilizer (both applied at 33.6, 67.3, and 134.5 kg P₂O₅ ha⁻¹) to supply plant-available P to spring wheat (TriticumaestivumL.) in either sandy loam or sandy clay loam soil. Spring wheat straw and grain P uptake were comparable across all treatments in the sandy loam, while Al/O-WTR application to the sandy clay loam reduced straw and grain P uptake. The Al/O-WTR did not affect soil organic P concentrations, but did increase phosphatase activity in both soils; this suggests that Al/O-WTR application stimulated microorganisms and enhance the extent to which microbial communities can mineralize Al/O-WTR-bound organic P. Implications: Overall, results suggest that creating a new P fertilizer from Al-WTR and agro-industrial waste sources may be a feasible alternative to mining inorganic P fertilizer sources, while protecting the environment from unnecessary waste disposal.
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Chefetz, Benny, Baoshan Xing, Leor Eshed-Williams, Tamara Polubesova, and Jason Unrine. DOM affected behavior of manufactured nanoparticles in soil-plant system. United States Department of Agriculture, January 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2016.7604286.bard.

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The overall goal of this project was to elucidate the role of dissolved organic matter (DOM) in soil retention, bioavailability and plant uptake of silver and cerium oxide NPs. The environmental risks of manufactured nanoparticles (NPs) are attracting increasing attention from both industrial and scientific communities. These NPs have shown to be taken-up, translocated and bio- accumulated in plant edible parts. However, very little is known about the behavior of NPs in soil-plant system as affected by dissolved organic matter (DOM). Thus DOM effect on NPs behavior is critical to assessing the environmental fate and risks related to NP exposure. Carbon-based nanomaterials embedded with metal NPs demonstrate a great potential to serve as catalyst and disinfectors. Hence, synthesis of novel carbon-based nanocomposites and testing them in the environmentally relevant conditions (particularly in the DOM presence) is important for their implementation in water purification. Sorption of DOM on Ag-Ag₂S NPs, CeO₂ NPs and synthesized Ag-Fe₃O₄-carbon nanotubebifunctional composite has been studied. High DOM concentration (50mg/L) decreased the adsorptive and catalytic efficiencies of all synthesized NPs. Recyclable Ag-Fe₃O₄-carbon nanotube composite exhibited excellent catalytic and anti-bacterial action, providing complete reduction of common pollutants and inactivating gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria at environmentally relevant DOM concentrations (5-10 mg/L). Our composite material may be suitable for water purification ranging from natural to the industrial waste effluents. We also examined the role of maize (Zeamays L.)-derived root exudates (a form of DOM) and their components on the aggregation and dissolution of CuONPs in the rhizosphere. Root exudates (RE) significantly inhibited the aggregation of CuONPs regardless of ionic strength and electrolyte type. With RE, the critical coagulation concentration of CuONPs in NaCl shifted from 30 to 125 mM and the value in CaCl₂ shifted from 4 to 20 mM. This inhibition was correlated with molecular weight (MW) of RE fractions. Higher MW fraction (> 10 kDa) reduced the aggregation most. RE also significantly promoted the dissolution of CuONPs and lower MW fraction (< 3 kDa) RE mainly contributed to this process. Also, Cu accumulation in plant root tissues was significantly enhanced by RE. This study provides useful insights into the interactions between RE and CuONPs, which is of significance for the safe use of CuONPs-based antimicrobial products in agricultural production. Wheat root exudates (RE) had high reducing ability to convert Ag+ to nAg under light exposure. Photo-induced reduction of Ag+ to nAg in pristine RE was mainly attributed to the 0-3 kDa fraction. Quantification of the silver species change over time suggested that Cl⁻ played an important role in photoconversion of Ag+ to nAg through the formation and redox cycling of photoreactiveAgCl. Potential electron donors for the photoreduction of Ag+ were identified to be reducing sugars and organic acids of low MW. Meanwhile, the stabilization of the formed particles was controlled by both low (0-3 kDa) and high (>3 kDa) MW molecules. This work provides new information for the formation mechanism of metal nanoparticles mediated by RE, which may further our understanding of the biogeochemical cycling and toxicity of heavy metal ions in agricultural and environmental systems. Copper sulfide nanoparticles (CuSNPs) at 1:1 and 1:4 ratios of Cu and S were synthesized, and their respective antifungal efficacy was evaluated against the pathogenic activity of Gibberellafujikuroi(Bakanae disease) in rice (Oryza sativa). In a 2-d in vitro study, CuS decreased G. fujikuroiColony- Forming Units (CFU) compared to controls. In a greenhouse study, treating with CuSNPs at 50 mg/L at the seed stage significantly decreased disease incidence on rice while the commercial Cu-based pesticide Kocide 3000 had no impact on disease. Foliar-applied CuONPs and CuS (1:1) NPs decreased disease incidence by 30.0 and 32.5%, respectively, which outperformed CuS (1:4) NPs (15%) and Kocide 3000 (12.5%). CuS (1:4) NPs also modulated the shoot salicylic acid (SA) and Jasmonic acid (JA) production to enhance the plant defense mechanisms against G. fujikuroiinfection. These results are useful for improving the delivery efficiency of agrichemicals via nano-enabled strategies while minimizing their environmental impact, and advance our understanding of the defense mechanisms triggered by the NPs presence in plants.
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Poverenov, Elena, Tara McHugh, and Victor Rodov. Waste to Worth: Active antimicrobial and health-beneficial food coating from byproducts of mushroom industry. United States Department of Agriculture, January 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2014.7600015.bard.

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Background. In this proposal we suggest developing a common solution for three seemingly unrelated acute problems: (1) improving sustainability of fast-growing mushroom industry producing worldwide millions of tons of underutilized leftovers; (2) alleviating the epidemic of vitamin D deficiency adversely affecting the public health in both countries and in other regions; (3) reducing spoilage of perishable fruit and vegetable products leading to food wastage. Based on our previous experience we propose utilizing appropriately processed mushroom byproducts as a source of two valuable bioactive materials: antimicrobial and wholesome polysaccharide chitosan and health-strengthening nutrient ergocalciferol⁽ᵛⁱᵗᵃᵐⁱⁿ ᴰ2⁾. ᴬᵈᵈⁱᵗⁱᵒⁿᵃˡ ᵇᵉⁿᵉᶠⁱᵗ ᵒᶠ ᵗʰᵉˢᵉ ᵐᵃᵗᵉʳⁱᵃˡˢ ⁱˢ ᵗʰᵉⁱʳ ᵒʳⁱᵍⁱⁿ ᶠʳᵒᵐ ⁿᵒⁿ⁻ᵃⁿⁱᵐᵃˡ ᶠᵒᵒᵈ⁻ᵍʳᵃᵈᵉ source. We proposed using chitosan and vitamin D as ingredients in active edible coatings on two model foods: highly perishable fresh-cut melon and less perishable health bars. Objectives and work program. The general aim of the project is improving storability, safety and health value of foods by developing and applying a novel active edible coating based on utilization of mushroom industry leftovers. The work plan includes the following tasks: (a) optimizing the UV-B treatment of mushroom leftover stalks to enrich them with vitamin D without compromising chitosan quality - Done; (b) developing effective extraction procedures to yield chitosan and vitamin D from the stalks - Done; (c) utilizing LbL approach to prepare fungal chitosan-based edible coatings with optimal properties - Done; (d) enrichment of the coating matrix with fungal vitamin D utilizing molecular encapsulation and nano-encapsulation approaches - Done, it was found that no encapsulation methods are needed to enrich chitosan matrix with vitamin D; (e) testing the performance of the coating for controlling spoilage of fresh cut melons - Done; (f) testing the performance of the coating for nutritional enhancement and quality preservation of heath bars - Done. Achievements. In this study numerous results were achieved. Mushroom waste, leftover stalks, was treated ʷⁱᵗʰ ᵁⱽ⁻ᴮ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ᵃⁿᵈ ᵗʳᵉᵃᵗᵐᵉⁿᵗ ⁱⁿᵈᵘᶜᵉˢ ᵃ ᵛᵉʳʸ ʰⁱᵍʰ ᵃᶜᶜᵘᵐᵘˡᵃᵗⁱᵒⁿ ᵒᶠ ᵛⁱᵗᵃᵐⁱⁿ ᴰ2, ᶠᵃʳ ᵉˣᶜᵉᵉᵈⁱⁿᵍ any other dietary vitamin D source. The straightforward vitamin D extraction procedure and ᵃ ˢⁱᵐᵖˡⁱᶠⁱᵉᵈ ᵃⁿᵃˡʸᵗⁱᶜᵃˡ ᵖʳᵒᵗᵒᶜᵒˡ ᶠᵒʳ ᵗⁱᵐᵉ⁻ᵉᶠᶠⁱᶜⁱᵉⁿᵗ ᵈᵉᵗᵉʳᵐⁱⁿᵃᵗⁱᵒⁿ ᵒᶠ ᵗʰᵉ ᵛⁱᵗᵃᵐⁱⁿ ᴰ2 ᶜᵒⁿᵗᵉⁿᵗ suitable for routine product quality control were developed. Concerning the fungal chitosan extraction, new freeze-thawing protocol was developed, tested on three different mushroom sources and compared to the classic protocol. The new protocol resulted in up to 2-fold increase in the obtained chitosan yield, up to 3-fold increase in its deacetylation degree, high whitening index and good antimicrobial activity. The fungal chitosan films enriched with Vitamin D were prepared and compared to the films based on animal origin chitosan demonstrating similar density, porosity and water vapor permeability. Layer-by-layer chitosan-alginate electrostatic deposition was used to coat fruit bars. The coatings helped to preserve the quality and increase the shelf-life of fruit bars, delaying degradation of ascorbic acid and antioxidant capacity loss as well as reducing bar softening. Microbiological analyses also showed a delay in yeast and fungal growth when compared with single layer coatings of fungal or animal chitosan or alginate. Edible coatings were also applied on fresh-cut melons and provided significant improvement of physiological quality (firmness, weight ˡᵒˢˢ⁾, ᵐⁱᶜʳᵒᵇⁱᵃˡ ˢᵃᶠᵉᵗʸ ⁽ᵇᵃᶜᵗᵉʳⁱᵃ, ᵐᵒˡᵈ, ʸᵉᵃˢᵗ⁾, ⁿᵒʳᵐᵃˡ ʳᵉˢᵖⁱʳᵃᵗⁱᵒⁿ ᵖʳᵒᶜᵉˢˢ ⁽Cᴼ2, ᴼ²⁾ ᵃⁿᵈ ᵈⁱᵈ not cause off-flavor (EtOH). It was also found that the performance of edible coating from fungal stalk leftovers does not concede to the chitosan coatings sourced from animal or good quality mushrooms. Implications. The proposal helped attaining triple benefit: valorization of mushroom industry byproducts; improving public health by fortification of food products with vitamin D from natural non-animal source; and reducing food wastage by using shelf- life-extending antimicrobial edible coatings. New observations with scientific impact were found. The program resulted in 5 research papers. Several effective and straightforward procedures that can be adopted by mushroom growers and food industries were developed. BARD Report - Project 4784
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Radioactive and industrial waste water collection system study, Phase I. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), October 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10196579.

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8

Geophysical and chemical investigations of ground water at five industrial or waste-disposal sites in Logan Township, Gloucester County, New Jersey, 1983-87. US Geological Survey, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/wri904004.

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Assessment and development of an industrial wet oxidation system for burning waste and low upgrade fuels. Final report, Phase 2B: Pilot demonstration of the MODAR supercritical water oxidation process. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10141159.

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