Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Industrialized building systems'

The flexible partition, one of the main components of the flexible housing schemes in West European countries exhibited a comparative technological lack. This research investigated the adaptability of selected commercial flexible partitions available in the North American market to residences since the most realistic way to influence the technological process was to start from the known products and developing them in an innovative direction. The consequences of the proposed sectoral transfer were seen as immediate and long term effects and categorized into three groups of constraints: legal, technological and marketing constraints. The context of evaluation was drawn, and the performance concept was used to form a set of evaluation criteria. Fifty partition systems were reviewed, characterized and mismatched portions were screened out. The analysis with thirteen selected partition systems suggested that the performances of most of them were above the level required for dwelling. The study showed that most of them were economically more feasible as compared to fixed gyproc partitions if life-cycle costs were considered. Since the study showed that the partitions were sound in technical terms, it recommended further studies to look into the matter of modifying them by introducing new materials which would cut down the unnecessary performances and might reduce the initial cost as well.

The post-war industrialized housing between 1955 and 1985 in Belgrade has been analyzed with its special focus on the transformation capacity on spatial, technical and environmental leveL for future refurbishment. The focal points of the research are industrialized post-war multi-unit housing and their special form of prefabrication models based on integration of systems and components. We call this integrated building models. Since the analysis of the integrated prefabricated systems (prefabricated large panel and skeleton system) and the typology of spatial schemes , are put into correlation: the required adaptability of industrial housing on spatial,technical and energy efficiency level with the technological rules and the values of Building Model (BM).Bearing in mind the level of the functional, structural and physical domain in the industrialized housing models and its configuration, as well as the evaluation of spatial and technical transformations, we will establish in what measure the new integrated strategies and technical solutions based on simple and demountable dry joints, low energy incomes, sustainable materials and construction technology innovations are suitable for post-war housing refurbishment. The author has limited the study to post-war housing built in Beograd between 1955 and 1985, which permitted a more in­depth study of the sample buildings, its configuration model and their systems by means of the resources at hand. Moreover, the social housing built between 1951 and 1955 was discarded because these were built in traditional way and it didn't improve the sample. This research work started with three hypotheses : The industrialized technology and prefabricated construction techniques will prove to be the only ones capable of producing housing within time trame and budgetary constraints. Industrial housing do have enough flexibility and can make transformations on the functional,structural and energy efficiency level. lt is feasible to create the scenarios for the refurbishment of massive housing on the structural,functional and environmental level. The optimization approach to the refurbishment of massive structures will lead to the integration of energy efficient systems. These hypotheses have been corroborated in this project, which consists of three main parts . First, the introduction to post­ war industrialized housing architecture and main characteristics of 'open' technology of prefabricated construction which was one of the countries' most succesfull products. Second,the current situation of post-war massive housing and its transformations. Third:the development of the integrated strategies for the massive housing refurbishment scenarios . The author analyzes the samples of a housing model applying a graph model for the evaluation of the transformations capacity.A graph model is deveeloped to describe the industrialized model based on elements (components , components assemblies) as a diagram of the relations. In the third section integrated rehabilitations strategies are proposed based on the results obtained by graphs' analys is of more flexible cluster-node edges. The fourth section presents the conclusions based on the analyses undertaken; the author provides some recommendations for the retrofitting of industrialized housing in the future. The proposals presented are based on rationality and they avoid subjective approaches. This research project proves that prefabricated construction systems were well-suited for post-war regeneration of Beograd. Their evolution has been positive but irregular. The technology of prefabricated construction was one of the countries ' most succesfull products. The author recommends a revision to be undertaken on the currently available systems in order to maximize their outcome (especially IMS building technology).
La investigación consta del análisis de la vivienda industrializada de la posguerra en Belgrado, enfocado en la capacidad de transformarse a nivel espacial, estructural y ambiental para las futuras reformas. La autora ha limitado el estudio a la vivienda de la posguerra construida en Belgrado entre 1955 y 1985. En cambio, la vivienda social construida entre 1951 y 1955 se excluyó debido a que los edificios fueron construidos de forma tradicional. El objeto central del análisis es la tecnología de la construcción prefabricada. La estructura del edificio se basa en los sistemas y componentes industrializados a pie de obra o en fábrica. Se define el modelo estructural de la vivienda industrializada a base de los componentes, subsistemas y sistemas. Del análisis del modelo industrializado (los grandes paneles de hormigón prefabricados y el sistema de esqueleto) y la tipología de los esquemas espaciales, podemos establecer: 1) la adaptabilidad de las viviendas; 2) la flexibilidad de las estructuras que dan pie a futuras transformaciones. Teniendo en cuenta el nivel funcional y estructural de los modelos industrializados, así como la flexibilidad y la capacidad de transformares, se establece en qué medida las nuevas estrategias y las soluciones técnicas basadas en: las juntas simples y desmontables, el bajo consumo de energía, materiales sostenibles y la tecnología de las innovaciones constructivas; son adecuados para la rehabilitación de viviendas de la posguerra. Este trabajo de investigación se inició con tres hipótesis: La industrialización y las técnicas de construcción prefabricada demostrarán ser las únicas formas viables de construir viviendas, en el marco histórico y presupuestario. La vivienda industrializada tiene suficiente flexibilidad para transformarse a nivel funcional, estructural y medioambiental. Existe la capacidad de crear los "escenarios" necesarios, para la rehabilitación de la vivienda masiva sin necesidad de demolición. Podemos integrar sistemas eficientes mediante la optimización de la rehabilitación de estructuras masivas. El proyecto consta de cuatro partes principales. En primer lugar, la introducción a la arquitectura de posguerra de la vivienda industrializada y principales características de la construcción prefabricada "abierta". En segundo lugar se analiza la situación actual de la vivienda masiva y sus transformaciones al nivel espacial y estructural. La tercera parte consta del desarrollo de las estrategias integrales para la remodelación de la vivienda. La autora analiza los modelos industrializados de los componentes y sistemas integrados usando el "Modelo Gráfico" (Graph Model). El modelo gráfico se ha desarrollado para describir el modelo industrializado basado en elementos (componentes, subsistemas) como un diagrama de las relaciones. Los principales componentes del modelo gráfico son "clusters" o subsistemas, "nodes" o componentes y "edges " o juntas. En la tercera sección se desarrollan las estrategias de rehabilitación que se basan en los resultados obtenidos mediante el análisis de las conexiones más flexibles. La cuarta sección presenta las conclusiones sobre los análisis realizados. La autora ofrece algunas recomendaciones para la adaptación de la vivienda industrializada que se basan en la racionalidad y evitan enfoques subjetivos. Este proyecto de investigación demuestra que los sistemas constructivos prefabricados fueron muy adecuados para la regeneración de la vivienda de la posguerra en Belgrado. Su evolución ha sido positiva, pero irregular. La autora recomienda una revisión de los sistemas constructivos disponibles en la actualidad con el fin de maximizar su resultado (especialmente la tecnología de construcción IMS). El "Graph Model" para los edificios existentes y los nuevos podrá formar parte de la documentación de los proyectos de vivienda industrializada con el fin de maximizar la flexibilidad para transformarse.

The industrialized timber housing process is capable nowadays to build multi-storeyhouses since fairly new changes in the Swedish regulations where made after theadmission of the European Union in 1994.The industrialized process moves parts of the construction process into a highlyeffective factory where 3D-volumes of the building are prefabricated beforetransportation to the building site for assemble.The assembly process is relatively effective compared to the completion of thebuilding service system and this is therefore the main focus in this thesis. This thesisattends problems with completion of the building service system, and thereforedemarcates from other aspects, such as technical and economic aspects, of thebuilding service system.The degree of completion of the flats differs from completion of the connectivepassages, for example hallways, in a way that suggests a need for further investigation.This thesis includes analysis of the possibilities to increase the prefabricatedconnective passages, to the extent of containing building service systems.An increase of the prefabrication of the building service system has a greatdevelopment potential, even though some restraining factors need to be solvedbefore implementation.This thesis was made in collaboration with two of Sweden’s leading companies on themarket of multi-storey industrialized timber housing, Moelven ByggModul AB andLindbäcks Bygg AB.

En general el diseño de las políticas habitacionales ha prescindido del conocimiento de la demanda específica. La producción del hábitat popular ha sido a través del uso de técnicas constructivas industrializadas, adoptando estrategias de producción masiva, con una eficiente utilización de los recursos, pero ignorando las exigencias individuales de cada familia, la pluralidad y el dinamismo de la sociedad. En consecuencia surgen complejos que no se adecuan a las necesidades de la población, donde los usuarios intervienen incorporando necesidades no previstas en el desarrollo del producto. A partir de un escenario industrial competitivo donde la diversidad del mercado es un nuevo factor para las empresas, surge la customización masiva como una nueva estrategia, capaz de satisfacer a los consumidores con diferentes productos sin aumentar significativamente los costos y el tiempo de entrega. En programas habitacionales la oferta de customización es muy limitada debido principalmente a lograr una economía de escala de la producción. El objetivo principal de esta investigación fue proponer formas de retroalimentar el proceso de desarrollo del producto a partir de las intervenciones realizadas por los usuarios. Fueron realizados dos estudios de casos de programas residenciales, donde la participación del usuario en el desarrollo del producto es diferente. La investigación se realizó en tres etapas, siendo la primera etapa A de comprensión del proceso de desarrollo del producto, caracterizando la empresa y los emprendimientos. Fueron realizadas entrevistas con informantes calificados, visitas a los emprendimientos y análisis de documentos técnicos. La etapa B tuvo como objetivo la planificación del levantamiento de datos para capturar las informaciones de las intervenciones de los usuarios en la etapa de uso de las unidades. Para esto se realizóla colecta de datos a través de entrevistas, y cuestionarios estructurados a los usuarios, y análisis de las intervenciones a través de fotografías satelitales. La etapa C busco identificar oportunidades de procesamiento de los datos, para entender los requisitos de los usuarios y contribuir a mejorar el PDP. Se identificaron estrategias en el proceso de producción de un sistema industrializado de producción de viviendas, encontrando oportunidades de implementar mejoras en la capacidad de adaptabilidad del sistema a los cambios producidos por los usuarios, aumentando la variabilidad y flexibilidad de las opciones de viviendas ofrecidas por la empresa. Conjuntamente con la empresa fueron analizadas las intervenciones y se identificaron oportunidades para adoptar distintos grados de customización. Las principales contribuciones del trabajo es comprender cuales son los requisitos de los usuarios en la etapa de uso de las viviendas, para lograr un producto customizable en proyectos de vivienda de interés social y contribuir al desarrollo de productos industrializados que incorporen estos requisitos.
In general, housing policies have ignored knowledge on the specific needs of families in the design of housing projects. In fact, several industrialized building techniques have been used in social housing, often connected to the adoption of mass production ideas, with the aim of achieving a highly efficient use of resources, but ignoring the individual needs of each family, and the plurality and dynamism of the society. Consequently, there are many housing estates that do not fulfill the needs of the population, resulting in changes in the housing units carried out by the users so that their requirements can be properly considered. In an industrial setting that has growing competition, the diversity in the client needs has become a key factor for several companies in the manufacturing sector. In this context, mass customization has emerged as a new strategy, with the aim of satisfying users with different needs without significantly increasing costs and delivery time. However, in the social housing sector, very few programs offer the possibility of customization, mainly due to the need to achieve economies of scale. Thus, the aim of this research work is to propose guidelines for providing feedback to the product development process of social housing projects, based on product changes that have been made by the users after delivery. Two case studies were conducted in different residential projects, developed by the same company, in which the degree of user involvement in product development was different. The research method was divided into three stages. In stage A, the aim was to understand the product development process, the housing company involved in this investigation, as well as the three projects. The main sources of evidences used were interviews with company representatives, visits to the housing estates, and document analysis. Phase B involved the collection of data related to the product changes carried out by users in the three projects. The main sources of evidence used were interviews with a sample of users, direct observation of those changes, and analysis of interventions by using satellite photos. Phase C sought to propose guidelines for processing user requirement data, and to identify improvement opportunities in the product development process. Regarding the industrialized building system developed by the company, some improvements were proposed, mostly related to the capacity of adaptation of the system to the product changes often made by the users, increasing the variety and flexibility of the housing options offered by the company. In collaboration with company representatives, different degrees of customization were devised. The main contributions of this research work are concerned with how to capture and process requirements based on multiple sources of evidence, as well as to understand the nature of product changes demanded by the users, which can be useful for designing customized houses.

Thesis (M.S.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Architecture, 1985.
MICROFICHE COPY AVAILABLE IN ARCHIVES AND ROTCH.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 246-254).
Designing facades is one of the most important and delicate problems in contemporary architecture. The facade is the changing zone par excelience within which the structural elements of technology meld into refined details of art and together constitute Architecture. The facade is also an interface. or link, between two faces 1 and phases: the facade reflects the evolution of the plan for the private interior side. and is also the expression of the plan on the public exterior side. Very strong tensions. defined spatially. temporally, and architecturally are generated and constantly renewed by interior and exterior forces. Resolving these forces architecturally and artistically through building systems design. modern technology. and a vocabulary meaningful to users is tremendously problematic in the evaluation and critic of three case studies. This will be the subject of this thesis. in which the aspect of repetition in facades will be a dominant aspect.
by Jacques Plante.
M.S.

Industrialised Building System (IBS) is defined as a construction technique in which components are manufactured in a controlled environment (on or off site), transported, positioned and assembled into a structure with minimal additional site work. The Malaysian construction industry has been urged to change from a conventional method to IBS to attain better construction quality and productivity, reduce risks related to occupational safety and health, alleviate issues for skilled workers and dependency on manual foreign labour, and achieve the ultimate goal of reducing the overall cost of construction. The use of IBS has been made compulsory in the construction of public buildings and the adoption was supported by the government through programmes, incentives and encouragement policies stipulated under the IBS Roadmap 2003-2010. Despite acknowledging its benefits, the construction industry is still not rapidly embracing IBS. This is mainly due to its traditional and conservative nature where anything new or different faces implementation barriers. In addition, there is a lack of knowledge to help traditional contractors to successfully transform to IBS. The availability of such knowledge could help to accelerate the uptake of IBS. The aim of the research is to identify the critical success factors for IBS uptake and develop a framework to support the transformation of contractors to the IBS. The research adopted a multiple-case-studies approach. The main part of this thesis is a presentation and discussion of case studies with contractors in Malaysia. The analysis is based primarily on cross-case analysis and pattern matching where nine critical success factors and two enablers have been identified as significant to the success of IBS. From the critical success factors, this research proposes a framework which was validated with an industry focus group. Strategy, people and process were identified as the main elements of the framework. The framework depends largely on the strategy, meetings of human capability and capacity, and improvements to the process. The enabling factors are Information Technology (IT) and continuous improvement. The outcome of this research showed that the main problems that are preventing contractors from embracing IBS are rarely purely technical in origin. They are more related to the organisational strategy and soft issues which underpin the capability of the organisation to successfully implement IBS. This led to the fact that IBS is best handled as a holistic process and requires a total synchronisation of construction, manufacturing and design. In addition, factors such as project management, procurement, rationalisation, standardisation, repetition, collaboration, integration, supply chain partnering, planning, skills and training were found to be essential and they need to be carefully considered during the transformation process.

Modularity has been applied in various disciplines, e.g. manufacturing, computer, cognitive science and education. General advantages are platform thinking and module variants which provide a range of product variants using a small number of components. However, the field has not been fully explored within construction.Sweden has taken a leading role within industrialised timber housing. Much effort has been put in research and development of the timber structural system. Thereby, the building service systems (electrical and HVAC systems) has fallen behind in development. Currently, there are several actors involved, (e.g. consultants, subcontractors, wholesalers) that are individually procured on shortterm agreements. The actors remain in the traditional culture with dispersed views on value. To be able to break this dependency, enhanced industrialised practice for the building services is sought. Modularity is argued to aid in reducing the variation in production, lowering lead times and achieving control of material supply. Through modularity, production control can be achieved and value can be better managed, issues which are prevailing in industrialised timber housing. The purpose of the research is to evaluate the feasibility of modularity for building service systems within industrialised housing in Sweden. The thesis is based on two appended papers, discussing how modularity can be applied to industrialised housing, considering value generation and production control. The research strategy has been to follow previous case conclusions in the design of the next case. Empirical data have been gathered from five case studies ranging from a market survey to a consultant procurement. Five industrial housing companies have participated and data have also been collected from consultants and subcontractors. The results show that influence from traditional culture is particularly evident for the building service systems, as much work is still located on-site and actors in the supply chains act individually to optimise their own values, leading to lack of production control through e.g. faulty drawings. Further, the importance of cooperation within the trade is underlined in order to shield from the protectionism in the building service trade. The implication is the development of industry-wide common modules capturing internal values, and a company driven development process for management of company specific external values. The data have been analysed with a generic set of module drivers and the relation to value and production control, to identify forces for modular division. The findings point out the importance of drawing validation, possibility to isolate the process for parallel assembly and purchasing control through reduction of articles.The general conclusion is to design base module components only comprising necessary systems, which can be adapted to a generic building system. The suggestion is the development of a building service shaft and a building service inner ceiling. The analysis results emphasise the importance of interface design. In this sense are also included interfaces within the process and the supply chain, i.e. between activities and actors in the production process.
Modularisering har tillämpats inom olika ämnesområden, t.ex. tillverkningsindustrin, datorbranschen, kognitiv vetenskap och utbildning. Generella fördelar är ett plattformstänkande och modulvarianter som ger en rad olika produktvarianter genom få antal komponenter. Däremot har modularisering inte blivit utforskat i samma utsträckning inom byggbranschen.Sverige har en ledande roll inom industriellt byggande av bostäder i trä. Mycket forskning och utveckling har inriktats mot stomsystemet medan installationssystem (el och VVS) hamnat efter i utvecklingen. Inom installationsbranschen finns flertalet aktörer (t.ex. konsulter, underleverantörer och grossister) som upphandlas individuellt, på korta avtal. Dessa befinner sig fortfarande i den traditionella byggkulturen med individuellt värdeskapande. För att kunna bryta denna kultur, söks en utveckling av det industriellt byggande. Modularisering bidrar till minskad variation i produktion, minskade ledtider och bättre styrning av materialförsörjning. Genom modularitet, kan produktionskontroll uppnås och värdeskapande tillgodoses, något som efterfrågas i dagens industriella byggande. Syftet med forskningen är att bedöma genomförbarheten av modularitet för installationssystem i industriellt byggda bostäder i Sverige. Avhandlingen bygger på två bifogade artiklar som diskuterar hur modularitet kan tillämpas på industrialiserade bostäder, speciellt inriktade på värdeskapande och produktionskontroll. Forskningsstrategin som har valts baseras på att kunskapen från en studie bidrar till utformningen av nästkommande studie. Empiriska data har samlats in genom fem fallstudier, från en marknadsundersökning till en konsultupphandling. Fem industriella träbyggare har deltagit. Information har också inhämtats från konsulter och underleverantörer.Resultaten visar att inflytande från den traditionella byggkulturen är särskilt stark för installationstekniken då mycket arbete fortfarande utförs på byggarbetsplatsen och aktörer i försörjningskedjan agerar individuellt för att optimera sina egna värden. Detta leder till bristande produktionskontroll genom t.ex. felaktiga ritningar. Dessutom betonas vikten av samarbete, med syftet att bryta protektionismen i branschen. Slutsatsen är att byggbranschen gemensamt måste utveckla moduler som fångar interna värden, och att företagen sedan utvecklar och optimerar egna externa värden.Uppgifterna har analyserats med generella moduldrivare relaterade till värde och produktionskontroll för att identifiera möjligheter till uppdelning i moduler. Resultaten betonar vikten av ritningsvalidering, möjlighet för parallell montering och kontroll på inköp genom minskning av antalet artiklar.Den allmänna slutsatsen är att utforma basmoduler som enbart omfattar nödvändiga system och som kan anpassas till ett generiskt byggsystem. Förslaget är att utveckla ett schakt och ett innertak. Resultaten betonar vikten av att noggrantdefiniera gränssnitt och även inkludera gränssnitt inom processer och leverantörskedjan, d.v.s. gränssnitt mellan aktiviteter och aktörer.
Godkänd; 2009; 20091112 (marlen); LICENTIATSEMINARIUM Ämnesområde: Träbyggnad/Timber Structures Examinator: Professor Lars Stehn, Luleå tekniska universitet Tid: Torsdag den 17 december 2009 kl 10.00 Plats: F 1031, Luleå tekniska universitet
Installationssamordning

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The use of steel structures as building system in multistory buildings is growing every year in Brazil. This evolution, though still slow compared to other countries, is possible thanks to the characteristics of steel and the manufacturing process and production of steel structures. This research paper presents an analysis the use of steel structures in multistory buildings constructed in Sao Paulo in the last 20 years, showing how the use of metal structures was essential to solve the specific problems of each challenge. For this it was essential to understand how metal structures historically evolved since the eighteenth century. From this historical survey, it was possible to establish a series of conditions in the specific use of steel structures that provided its evolution. In addition, there was a survey about the steel industry in Brazil, with an overview of their production, properties, advantages and limitations in order to understand how these characteristics are reflected in the construction of multistory buildings. In the project analysis, seven works were chosen in São Paulo who used the apparent steel structure as the main construction system so that the design adopted confirm structural solutions proposed by architects. To support the analysis, were considered graphics, photos, interviews and three-dimensional electronic models that facilitate the understanding of the structure and elucidate the importance of the use of metal structures. With the results, it was possible to define a set of constraints and determinants of the use of steel in construction that must be considered in the development of architectural design.
O uso das estruturas metálicas como sistema construtivo nas edificações de múltiplos andares vem crescendo a cada ano no Brasil. Essa evolução, embora ainda lenta em comparação a outros países, se dá graças a uma série de características próprias do aço e do processo de fabricação e de produção das estruturas metálicas. Esse trabalho de pesquisa apresenta uma análise do uso das estruturas em aço no projeto de edifícios de múltiplos andares construídos em São Paulo nos últimos 20 anos, evidenciando como o emprego das estruturas metálicas foi essencial para resolver os problemas projetuais específicos de cada obra apresentada. Para isso, foi fundamental compreender como as estruturas metálicas evoluíram historicamente na construção civil desde o século XVIII, pois a partir desse levantamento histórico, foi possível pontuar uma série de condicionantes do uso das estruturas em aço que proporcionaram a sua evolução como sistema construtivo na forma como se apresenta hoje. Além disso, foi realizado um levantamento a respeito da indústria do aço no Brasil, traçando um panorama da sua produção, propriedades, vantagens e limitações a fim de compreender como essas características se refletem nos condicionantes e determinantes do aço na construção de edifícios de múltiplos andares. Como metodologia de análise, foram escolhidas sete obras na cidade de São Paulo que utilizaram a estrutura metálica aparente em aço como principal sistema construtivo, de forma que a linguagem adotada evidenciasse as soluções estruturais propostas pelos arquitetos. Para apoiar a análise, foram considerados desenhos, fotos, entrevistas e maquetes eletrônicas tridimensionais que facilitassem a compreensão da estrutura e elucidassem a importância do emprego das estruturas metálicas. Com os resultados obtidos, foi possível definir um conjunto de condicionantes e determinantes do uso do aço que deve ser considerado no desenvolvimento do projeto arquitetônico.

In recent years, industrialised house building has gained shares on the Swedish house building market. The market demands for industrialised house building are exceeding the available supply of housing and experiencing a substantial increase in the housing production costs. For industrialised house building, the design has been identified as a critical phase with the systematization of the design a necessary part of industrialisation. Therefore, companies strive towards the inclusion of standardization and controlled processes in the design phase. Product platforms have proved to be related to the standardization of processes and products. Introducing a product platform approach in the design phase of house building could be a way to improve the design and ensure value creation in entire processes. Thus, the aim of this research is to outline means to support and improve the design phase of industrialised house building by using a product platform approach. A Swedish multi-storey house building company that uses glulam post and beam building system with a focus on platform development was used as the single case study in this research. The company intends to achieve increased efficiency by moving towards industrialized approaches. Empirical data were mainly gathered from interviews, observations, workshops, and document analysis. The findings present the existing challenges in the housing building industry and outlines twenty critical success factors that need to be considered in the design phase. Also, the result outlines support methods and tools that can be used for the improvement of the design phase when applying a product platform approach. Moreover, a flexible product platform can be developed with the support of parametric modelling and used to design building components having an engineer-to-order characteristic. Finally, the results show that a building system can be considered as part of a product platform in light of the necessity of an adequate support in the design process to maintain a sustainable platform. Thus, the contribution includes the addition of knowledge to platform theory in general and its application on the design phase of industrialised house building.
Under de senaste åren har det industriella husbyggandet tagit andelar på den svenska husbyggnadsmarknaden. Behovet av bostäder på marknaden överstiger tillgången och med ökning av bostadsproduktionskostnaderna som konsekvens. För det industriella husbyggandet har projekteringen identifierats som en avgörande fas och dess systematisering är en nödvändig för industrialiseringen. Som en följd strävar företag i segmentet efter att inkludera standardisering och kontrollerade processer i projekteringen. Produktplattformar har kunnat kopplas till standardisering av processer och produkter. Införandet av produktplattformar i projekteringen kan vara ett sätt att förbättra designen och säkra värdeskapandet igenom hela processen. Således är syftet i denna avhandling att ta fram medel för att stödja och förbättra projekteringen för industriellt husbyggande genom att tillämpa en ansats med produktplattformar. Ett svenskt byggnadsföretag med flera våningar som använder limträ- och balksystem med fokus på plattformsutveckling användes som en enda fallstudie i denna forskning. En fallstudie har genomförts på ett företag som bygger flervåningshus med ett pelar-balksystem i limträ med fokus på plattformsutveckling. Företaget har ambitionen att nå högre effektivitet genom att röra sig mot ett mer industriellt tillvägagångssätt. Data samlades in från intervjuer, observationer, workshops och dokumentanalyser. Resultaten visar vilka de befintliga utmaningarna är för husbyggandet och presenterar tjugo kritiska framgångsfaktorer som ska beaktas i projekteringen. Studien har även tagit fram supportmetoder och verktyg som kan användas för att förbättra projekteringen vid tillämpning av produktplattformar. Vidare, en flexibel produktplattform kan utvecklas med stöd av parametrisk modellering och användas för att projektera byggnads-komponenter med engineer-to-orderegenskaper. Slutligen, resultaten pekar mot att ett byggsystem kan betraktas som en del av en produktplattform ur perspektivet att tillräckligt med stöd i projekteringen krävs för att underhålla en hållbar plattform. Således, arbetet har bidragit med kunskap till teori om plattformar i allmänhet och dess tillämpning på projekteringen för industriellt husbyggande.

碩士
國立臺北科技大學
建築與都市設計研究所
98
In recent years, under the issue of environmental protection, which is a significant social topic and the government’s policies to promote energy efficiency and to reduce carbon emissions, it is an issue to be faced that how to reduce damage to the environment during the manufacturing activities. On the other hand, with the upgrading of the quality of life, the increasing waste of composite materials used in the interior decoration of the building may cause the environmental problems. Therefore, this study is to build the efficiency of resource recycling system and how to reduce the environmental load by discussing the theory of Vein Logistics. First, the study reviews the related theses and materials about the topic of environmental load, the efficiency of resource recycling, Vein Logistics and further builds the evaluating system of the environmental efficiency. The study takes the kitchen facilities as the subject to analyze the different environmental load caused by different the materials. The purpose of the study is to build the evaluating system of the environmental efficiency, and to provide the related merchants a method to account the environmental load in the phase of Vein Logistics in quantity way. The result of the study tries to provide a system for the kitchen industry about the data of efficiency of resource recycling energy and provides the base for making the policy of reducing carbon emissions. The study also tries to provide the kitchen industry a testing model for taking responsibility of their products and to expand competitiveness in their new products.