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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Industrialized countries'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 11 March 2023

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1

Sirirangsi, Rangsima. "Population Policy Implementation and Evaluation in Less Industrialized Countries." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1993. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc279258/.

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This study emphasizes the impact of family planning program components on contraceptive prevalence in less industrialized countries. Building on Lapham and Mauldin's "Program Effort and Fertility Decline" framework and policy evaluation's theory, the author developed two models to examine the impact of family planning programs on contraceptive prevalence and fertility under the constraints of socioeconomic development and demand for family planning. The study employed path analysis and multiple regression on data from the 1982 program effort study in 94 less developed countries (LDCs) by Lapham and Mauldin and 98 LDCs of the 1989 program effort study by Mauldin and Ross. The results of data analyses for all data sets are consistent for the most part. Major findings are as follows: (1) A combination of program effort and socioeconomic development best explains the variation of contraceptive prevalence. (2) Among socioeconomic variables, female literacy exerts the strongest direct and indirect influences to increase contraceptive prevalence and indirect influence to decrease total fertility rate. (3) Christianity performs a significant role in reducing contraceptive prevalence. (4) Among program effort components, availability and accessibility for fertility-control supplies and services have the most influence on contraceptive prevalence. (5) When controlling for demand for family planning, female literacy and Christianity have expected and significant relationships with contraceptive prevalence. Availability and accessibility to fertility-control supplies and services exerts a positive and statistically significant impact on contraceptive prevalence. Demand for family planning has a positive and statistically significant effect on program variables, availability, and contraceptive prevalence. (6) There is a strong inverse relationship between contraceptive use and fertility. Demand for family planning, program effort, and socioeconomic development influence fertility through contraceptive prevalence. The findings of this study suggest that governments in LDCs should give priorities to increasing female education and availability of contraception to effectively reduce fertility.

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2

Kim, Aehyung. "Technological adaptation and innovation in newly industrialized countries : the case of Korea." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/67386.

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3

Yoon, Heon Deok. "Buying decision determinants of U.S. purchasing managers for products from newly industrialized countries." Connect to resource, 1986. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view.cgi?acc%5Fnum=osu1262638990.

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4

Eibich, Wiebke, and Marten Hein. "Global Sustainable Production : A case study of manufacturing units in differently industrialized countries." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för marknadsföring (MF), 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-27041.

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Introduction: Producing on a global scale is attractive for multinational corporations (MNCs) due to production cost savings and the proximity as well as simplified access to new high growth markets. In order to be successful in foreign markets it is vital for MNCs to understand the local market conditions. In particular stakeholders, also referred to institutions, and their diverse demands are likely to vary among differently industrialized country markets. Additionally, sustainability has emerged as an inevitable topic for businesses and countries alike. Purpose: Therefore, the purpose of this thesis is to describe and analyze different institutions and their demands in differently industrialized countries. Moreover, the aim is to describe and analyze capabilities that manufacturing companies can use to respond to these institutional demands in order to achieve a more sustainable production. Methodology: The research method employed is a single embedded case study consisting of one Scandinavian multinational machinery and construction equipment manufacturer with three production units located in Sweden, Bulgaria and China. Semi-structured interviews with managers, a supplementary questionnaire and a literature review on institutional and capability theory serve as sources for primary and secondary data collection. Findings: There are differences between institutional demands among differently industrialized countries. The research found that manufacturing units in developed and ECMs can respond to these institutional demands through different capabilities. Next to institutional demands there are certain institutional influences that are beyond the control of the MNC and can only be absorbed. By having a diverse set of economic-, natural- and social capabilities which are difficult to copy and that are corresponding to various institutional efficiency and legitimacy demands as well as influences manufacturing companies can create a more sustainable business. Research and practical implications: Future qualitative research could seek to explore whether the results of this study are congruent for companies operating in other industries and other countries. Next, future research could seek to explore whether there are more evident natural and social based capabilities existing in the field.Within praxis, it is critical for managers to be aware that each country has its distinctive context and that it is necessary to locally adapt in order to satisfy the prevailing market conditions. Besides it is essential not only to satisfy the customer demands but also to identify and respond to other institutional demands to create a more sustainable production. Keywords: Capabilities, institutions, efficiency and legitimacy demands as well as influences, differently industrialized country markets, sustainability, economic-, social- and natural value, imitability, manufacturing, MNC, global sustainable production

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5

Gauthier, Anne H. "The effects on fertility of state support for families in the industrialized countries." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.316821.

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6

Huang, Feiya. "Determinants of energy intensity in industrialized countries : a comparison of China and India." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/37871.

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Thesis (M.C.P.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Urban Studies and Planning, 2006.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 72-73).
The amount of final energy per unit of economic output (usually in terms of gross domestic product, or GDP), known as energy intensity, is often used to measure the effectiveness of energy use and the consumption patterns of different economies. China and India are both developing countries with large population and rapid economic growth. China has decreased its energy intensity by 67% from 1978 to 2003; while India only decreased its energy intensity by 5% over the same period. By applying shift-share analysis on each country's industry sector, I decompose their changes of industrial energy intensity into two factors: structural change and efficiency change; then, I explore the determining factors of energy intensity in China and India, and analyze why they are different. The result shows that, in China, the driving force of energy-intensity change is the improvement of energy efficiency, which decreases the energy intensity. Meanwhile, structural-mix changes played a low, but positive, role in decreasing the energy intensity. In India, energy efficiency also plays a positive role.
(cont.) However, the industrial structure has become more energy-intensive because of the increasing share of energy-intensive sub-sectors, which offsets the impact of energy efficiency on energy intensity; thus, the overall energy intensity only decreased slightly in India over time.
by Feiya Huang.
M.C.P.

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7

Dheeriya, P. L. (Prakash Lachmandas). "A Comparison of Money Demand in Four Industrialized Countries Using Seemingly Unrelated Regressions." Thesis, North Texas State University, 1987. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc330950/.

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In this study, the possibility that money demand of one country might be affected by macroeconomic activities of other countries is investigated. We use the seemingly unrelated regression (SUR) technique, which takes into account all covariances between residuals of country-specific money demand equations. Efficiency of estimates using the SUR technique is enhanced because it uses information contained in the contemporaneous correlation of the error terms. The hypothesis of economic interdependence is tested. A proxy for foreign influence, deviation from interest rate parity (DIRP), is tested for significance in the money demand function.

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8

Chan, Lai Yee. "The influences of external factors on interest rates and exchange rates in industrialized countries." HKBU Institutional Repository, 2002. http://repository.hkbu.edu.hk/etd_ra/430.

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9

Proaño, Christian R., Christian Schoder, and Willi Semmler. "Financial Stress, Sovereign Debt and Economic Activity in Industrialized Countries: Evidence from Dynamic Threshold Regressions." WU Vienna University of Economics and Business, 2014. http://epub.wu.ac.at/4085/1/wp167.pdf.

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We analyze how the impact of a change in the sovereign debt-to-GDP ratio on economic growth depends on the level of debt, the stress level on the financial market and the membership in a monetary union. A dynamic growth model is put forward demonstrating that debt affects macroeconomic activity in a non-linear manner due to amplifications from the financial sector. Employing dynamic country-specific and dynamic panel threshold regression methods, we study the non-linear relation between the growth rate and the debt-to-GDP ratio using quarterly data for sixteen industrialized countries for the period 1981Q1-2013Q2. We find that the debt-to-GDP ratio has impaired economic growth primarily during times of high financial stress and only for countries of the European Monetary Union and not for the stand-alone countries in our sample. A high debt-to-GDP ratio by itself does not seem to necessarily negatively affect growth if financial markets are calm. (authors' abstract)
Series: Department of Economics Working Paper Series

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10

Ganguli, Alakananda. "Globalization of financial markets and the demand for international reserves : the case of the industrialized countries." Thesis, McGill University, 1994. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=28447.

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The purpose of this thesis is to explain theoretically and empirically the demand for international reserves by the major industrialized countries in the context of the present highly integrated and extremely volatile international financial system. The reserves demand behaviour of each of the G7 countries along with seven non-G7 industrialized countries have been empirically examined. The demand functions are estimated using the cointegration approach on autoregressive distributed lag and simple distributed lag models.
This study has revealed that a country's reserve demand is significantly influenced by its level of capital flows in addition to the traditionally used trade flow variables. It is shown that the greater the external vulnerability of an economy as measured by its net capital flows in relation to its GNP, the higher is its demand for international reserves. The results have striking similarity for all the 14 industrialized countries despite their structural and institutional differences.
This study points to the need of international monetary policy coordination to reduce large fluctuations in exchange rates and lessen massive flows of speculative capital which carry a potential threat of becoming inflationary.

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11

McDaniel, Anne E. "Gender gaps in educational and occupational expectations across thirty industrialized countries: a study of similarities and differences." The Ohio State University, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1399900472.

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12

Frieling, Julius Verfasser], Reinhard [Akademischer Betreuer] [Madlener, and Almut [Akademischer Betreuer] Balleer. "Quantifying the role of energy in aggregate production functions for industrialized countries / Julius Frieling ; Reinhard Madlener, Almut Balleer." Aachen : Universitätsbibliothek der RWTH Aachen, 2018. http://d-nb.info/1180734343/34.

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13

Souto-Otero, Manuel. "Public policy and human capital : differentials in access to post-compulsory education and training in advanced industrialized countries." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2007. http://opus.bath.ac.uk/15861/.

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14

Frieling, Julius [Verfasser], Reinhard [Akademischer Betreuer] Madlener, and Almut [Akademischer Betreuer] Balleer. "Quantifying the role of energy in aggregate production functions for industrialized countries / Julius Frieling ; Reinhard Madlener, Almut Balleer." Aachen : Universitätsbibliothek der RWTH Aachen, 2018. http://d-nb.info/1180734343/34.

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15

ALTMANN, MAXIMILIAN HELMUT. "Circulation of taxation models among industrialized countries: participation exemption and interest deductibility limitations in Germany, Italy, Austria, Switzerland." Doctoral thesis, Università Bocconi, 2012. https://hdl.handle.net/11565/4054294.

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16

Kim, Chol Yong. "Development of a framework for identification of political environmental issues faced by multinational hotel chains in newly industrialized countries in Asia." Diss., This resource online, 1992. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-07122007-103936/.

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17

BRAMANTI, VALENTINA. "MICROFINANCE IN INDUSTRIALIZED AREAS: SOCIAL CAPITAL AS A TRIGGER FOR A VALUABLE DEVELOPMENT." Doctoral thesis, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10280/2910.

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Il presente elaborato esplora il potenziale contributo del concetto di capitale sociale al settore della microfinanza nei paesi industrializzati. Per capitale sociale si intende “la somma delle risorse attuali e potenziali rese accessibili da reti individuali o organizzative di relazioni personali”. La tesi è composta da tre articoli. Il primo, di natura teorica, analizza il settore della microfinanza nei paesi industrializzati mettendone in luce peculiarità e sfide, secondo lo schema teorico proposto da Prior e Argandona. Il capitale sociale dei clienti e è proposto come uno degli elementi chiave per la crescita del settore. Il secondo, quantitativo, tratta il tema dell’imprenditoria etnica, target privilegiato della microfinanza, analizzando su un campione di 60 imprenditori di diverse etnie la relazione tra capitale sociale, cultura del paese d’origine e attitudine dell’imprenditore a intraprendere pratiche di responsabilità sociale d’impresa. Il terzo infine, presenta il caso della Fondazione Welfare Ambrosiano, istituzione di microfinanza operante nel territorio di Milano. L’articolo sottolinea il ruolo fondamentale giocato dal capitale sociale dei membri della Fondazione per la nascita di partneship strategiche, mettendone in evidenza la migliore configurazione di capitale sociale per la nascita e il successo di un’organizzazione non profit.
The dissertation focuses on the concept of social capital, i.e. “the sum of the actual and potential resources embedded within, available through, and derived from the network of relationships possessed by an individual or social unit” (Nahapiet and Ghoshal, 1998). My dissertation is composed by three articles which explore the concept of social capital, seeking to provide answer to what its contribute within the microfinance sector.

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18

BRAMANTI, VALENTINA. "MICROFINANCE IN INDUSTRIALIZED AREAS: SOCIAL CAPITAL AS A TRIGGER FOR A VALUABLE DEVELOPMENT." Doctoral thesis, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10280/2910.

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Il presente elaborato esplora il potenziale contributo del concetto di capitale sociale al settore della microfinanza nei paesi industrializzati. Per capitale sociale si intende “la somma delle risorse attuali e potenziali rese accessibili da reti individuali o organizzative di relazioni personali”. La tesi è composta da tre articoli. Il primo, di natura teorica, analizza il settore della microfinanza nei paesi industrializzati mettendone in luce peculiarità e sfide, secondo lo schema teorico proposto da Prior e Argandona. Il capitale sociale dei clienti e è proposto come uno degli elementi chiave per la crescita del settore. Il secondo, quantitativo, tratta il tema dell’imprenditoria etnica, target privilegiato della microfinanza, analizzando su un campione di 60 imprenditori di diverse etnie la relazione tra capitale sociale, cultura del paese d’origine e attitudine dell’imprenditore a intraprendere pratiche di responsabilità sociale d’impresa. Il terzo infine, presenta il caso della Fondazione Welfare Ambrosiano, istituzione di microfinanza operante nel territorio di Milano. L’articolo sottolinea il ruolo fondamentale giocato dal capitale sociale dei membri della Fondazione per la nascita di partneship strategiche, mettendone in evidenza la migliore configurazione di capitale sociale per la nascita e il successo di un’organizzazione non profit.
The dissertation focuses on the concept of social capital, i.e. “the sum of the actual and potential resources embedded within, available through, and derived from the network of relationships possessed by an individual or social unit” (Nahapiet and Ghoshal, 1998). My dissertation is composed by three articles which explore the concept of social capital, seeking to provide answer to what its contribute within the microfinance sector.

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19

Agarwal, Amit [Verfasser], Kai [Akademischer Betreuer] Nagel, Kai [Gutachter] Nagel, Ramachandra Rao [Gutachter] Kalaga, and Regine [Gutachter] Gerike. "Mitigating negative transport externalities in industrialized and industrializing countries / Amit Agarwal ; Gutachter: Kai Nagel, Ramachandra Rao Kalaga, Regine Gerike ; Betreuer: Kai Nagel." Berlin : Technische Universität Berlin, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1156177448/34.

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20

Walter, Wolfgang K. [Verfasser]. "Recommendations for Small Water Supply Systems in Newly Industrialized Countries on the Example of Assessments in the State of Minas Gerais, Brazil / Wolfgang K. Walter." Aachen : Shaker, 2013. http://d-nb.info/1050343379/34.

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21

Rodrigues, Mário Jorge Santos. "Relação entre despesas em saúde e a saúde das populações : análise da base de dados da OCDE 2012." Master's thesis, Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública. Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/10780.

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RESUMO - Introdução: A despesa em saúde aumentou consideravelmente nas últimas décadas na maioria dos países industrializados. Por outro lado, os indicadores de saúde melhoraram. A evidência empírica sobre a relação entre as despesas em saúde e a saúde das populações tem sido inconclusiva. Este estudo aborda a relação entre as despesas em saúde e a saúde das populações através de dados agregados para 34 países para o período 1980-2010. Metodologia: Utilizou-se o coeficiente de correlação de Pearson para avaliar a correlação entre as variáveis explicativas e os indicadores de saúde. Procedeuse ainda à realização de uma regressão multivariada com dados em painel para cada indicador de saúde utilizado como variável dependente: esperança de vida à nascença e aos 65 anos para mulheres e homens, anos de vida potencialmente perdidos para mulheres e homens e mortalidade infantil. A principal variável explicativa utilizada foi a despesa em saúde, mas consideraram-se também vários fatores de confundimento, nomeadamente a riqueza, fatores estilo de vida, e oferta de cuidados. Resultados: A despesa per capita tem impacto nos indicadores de saúde mas ao adicionarmos a variável PIB per capita deixa de ser estatisticamente significativa. Outros fatores têm um impacto significativo para quase todos os indicadores de saúde utilizados: consumo de álcool e tabaco, gordura, o número de médicos e a imunização, confirmando vários resultados da literatura. Conclusão: Os resultados vão ao encontro de alguns estudos que afirmam o impacto marginal das despesas em saúde e do progresso da medicina nos resultados em saúde desde os anos 80 nos países industrializados.
ABSTRACT - Introduction: Health expenditure in most industrialized countries has increased considerably in recent decades. On the other hand, health indicators have improved. However, empirical evidence on the relationship between health expenditure and the health of populations has been inconclusive. This study discusses the relationship between health expenditure and the health outcomes through aggregated data for 34 countries for the period between 1980 and 2010. Methodology: Pearson´s correlation coefficient has been used to evaluate the correlation between explanatory variables and health indicators. We also performed a multivariate regression with panel data for each health indicator used as dependent variable: life expectancy at birth and at the age of 65 for females and males, male and female potential years of life lost and infant mortality. Although the main explanatory variable used was health spending, several other confounding factors such as wealth, lifestyle factors and availability of care were also considered. Results: Although expenditure per capita has an impact in health outcomes, when we add GDP per capita variable the former is no longer statistically significant. Other factors also have a significant impact on almost all health indicators used: alcohol and tobacco consumption, fat, the number of doctors and immunization; thus confirming multiple results. Conclusion: The results confirm several studies that claim marginal impact of health expenditure and medical progress on health results since the 80's in industrialized countries.

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22

Okursoy, Mehmet Ercin. "Barriers And Opportunities For Integrating Sustainable Product Design Into Ankara Small And Medium-sized Furniture Enterprises." Master's thesis, METU, 2012. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12614114/index.pdf.

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The increasing impact of mass production and consumption behaviours have made sustainable product design an important issue in design literature in the last two decades. Studies in the early period focussed on research projects carried out in collaboration with multinational large-sized enterprises, owing to pressures from non-governmental organizations. However, recent studies about sustainable development have pointed out that small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) rather than multinationals have a greater share of manufacturing and employment in both industrialized and industrializing countries. Unfortunately, in spite of the important role of SMEs, there is inadequate data and literature relating sustainable design practices to these firms. A lack of information and collaboration, caused partially by communication problems, has resulted in an absence of proper sustainable product design tools for these companies. Furniture enterprises in Ankara are the focus of this study because of the impact of product design in market possibilities and the spread of employment of product designers in the sector. Attitudes of staff and consultants of furniture SMEs regarding barriers and opportunities of sustainable product design are explored, and contrasted with overlapping points of existing product development methods and strategies in the literature. This work is intended to contribute to improved understanding and application of sustainable product design among furniture sector SMEs. To this end, interviews were conducted with 16 furniture manufacturing enterprises from the furniture industry, based in Ankara region and 5 freelance furniture designers cooperating with these enterprises. According to the results of the study, furniture sector SMEs are interested more in economic opportunities of sustainable product design rather than environmental and social aspects. Furthermore, a lack of information about environmental issues is observed in micro and small-sized enterprises
to overcome this situation, it is recommended that training sessions are organized to bring together researchers and practitioners.

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23

Mohammadi, Saeed Mirza. "Economic growth across the Asian countries : an econometric analysis." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.367093.

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24

Amiti, Mynyre. "International trade in the manufacturing sectors of industrialised countries : theory and evidence." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 1996. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/2461/.

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The Thesis investigates the determinants and patterns of specialisation and international trade in the manufacturing sectors of countries that are similar in terms of their technology, relative factor endowments and preferences. Chapter 1 shows that differences in country size alone can be a basis for interindustry trade in manufactures. I present a general equilibrium model in which each country has two imperfectly competitive industries which can differ in three respects: relative factor intensities, level of transport costs and demand elasticities. With positive trade costs and increasing returns to scale, each firm prefers to locate in the larger country due to the 'market access' effect. But the increase in demand for factors in the large country induces a 'production cost' effect - a rise in the wage in the large country relative to the small country to offset the locational advantage of the large country. The tension between the market access effect and production cost effect determines which industry will concentrate in which country and the pattern of inter-industry trade. Chapter 2 investigates circumstance in which technological leapfrogging between regions will occur. Input-output linkages between firms in imperfectly competitive industries create forces for agglomeration of industries in particular locations. A new technology, incompatible with the old, will not benefit from these linkages, so will typically be established in locations with little existing industry and consequently lower factor prices. Chapters 3 studies specialisation patterns in the European Union between 1968 and 1990. It investigates whether specialisation has increased in the European Union countries and analyses whether these patterns are consistent with three different strands of trade theories: the classical Heckscher-Ohlin theory, the 'new' trade theories based on increasing returns to scale, and the 'economic geography' theories based on vertical linkages between industries. I find that there is evidence of increasing specialisation in the European Union countries and there is some support for all three strands of trade theories.

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25

Shabandar, Mahmoud M. "Clients and consultants in less-industrialised countries : architectural and planning consultancies in Iraq." Thesis, University of Sussex, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.277159.

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Reich, Nora [Verfasser], and Thomas [Akademischer Betreuer] Straubhaar. "Parents between Work and Family : New Empirical Evidence from Industrialised Countries / Nora Reich. Betreuer: Thomas Straubhaar." Hamburg : Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Hamburg, 2013. http://d-nb.info/1031280189/34.

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Kim, Yong-Woong. "Organisation and industrial linkage in developing countries : a case study of less industrialised region in Korea." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.418923.

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Er, H. Alpay. "The emergence and development of patterns of industrial design in Newly Industrialised Countries with particular reference to Turkey." Thesis, Manchester Metropolitan University, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.386406.

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Tremblay, Pierre. "Comparative analysis of technological capability and productivity growth in the pulp and paper industry in industrialised and industrialising countries." Thesis, University of Sussex, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.385117.

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Er, Ozlem. "The use of external design expertise by newly industrialised countries with particular reference to the operations of British automotive design consultancies." Thesis, Manchester Metropolitan University, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.282247.

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Ming-Sung, Cheng Julian. "A model for the degree of integration of international channel structures : the case of exporters from newly industrialised countries (NICs) with special reference to Taiwan." Thesis, Kingston University, 1999. http://eprints.kingston.ac.uk/20634/.

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This research attempted to contribute to the development of knowledge within the domain of international channels of distribution and especially the degree of integration of such channel structures. Through an intensive literature review, four main theories have been identified as potential bases for the study of the subject matter, these are the functional approach, IPA, the financial consideration approach and TCA. Of these four theories, the author argues that, currently, TCA occupies a dominant position within related academic research. Consequently, TCA has been utilised as the theoretical basis of the study, the main aim of which has been the development and testing of a proposed model for the design of international channel structures for newly industrialised countries. Following an extensive review of relevant material, the model developed by Bello and Lohtia (1995) has been identified as offering a robust and systematic insight into the application of the TCA propositions into the subject matter. Nevertheless, the author has identified a number of limitations associated with Bello and Lohtia's model, and consequently, on the strength of related literature, has proposed a modified/extended model. In order to test the modified extended model, appropriate research constructs were operationalised. Through a self-completion questionnaire, the proposed model was applied/ tested in the IT -related sector of the Taiwanese economy. Sufficient data were collected and advanced multivariate techniques (in particular, structural equation modelling) were/utilised. Examination of the model fit led to a revised model. The pathways/ causal relationships within the revised proposed model can be categorised under four main types: 1. Constructs as second-order factors: H[sub]2[sub]a : "Transaction-specific Assets' is a second-order factor of "Human TSA", "Product TSA", "Physical TSA", "Dedicated TSA" and "Brand Name TSA". Partially supported H[sub]5[sub]a : 'Business Strengths of Principals' is a second-order factor of "Firm's Size", "Firm's Exporting Experience", "Firm's Financial Ability", "Familiarity with Foreign Markets" and "Firm's Core Business". Tentatively supported 2. Hypothesised pathways/causal relationships related to the decisions regarding 'integration of international channel structures: 'H[sub]1: The higher the 'Transaction Frequency', the greater the likelihood to integrate international channel structures. Supported H[sub]2: The higher the 'Transaction-specific Assets', the greater the likelihood to integrate international channel structures. Supported H[sub]3[sub]a: HJ. : The lower the degree of 'Environmental Diversity', the greater the likelihood to integrate international channel structures. Opposite H[sub]3[sub]b: The greater the degree of 'Environmental Volatility', the greater the likelihood to integrate international channel structures. Not supported H[sub]4: The lower the 'Channel Production Costs', the greater the likelihood to integrate international channel structures. Not supported H[sub]5[sub]a: The greater the magnitude of 'Business Strengths of Principals', the greater the likelihood to integrate international channel structures. Supported 3. Secondary hypotheses relevant to 'Business Strengths of Principals': H[sub]6[sub]a : The higher the degree of 'Environmental Diversity', the higher the magnitude of 'Business Strengths of Principals'. Supported H[sub]6[sub]b : The higher the degree of 'Environmental Volatility', the lesser the magnitude of 'Business Strengths of Principals'. Supported H[sub]7 : The greater the magnitude of 'Business Strengths of Principals', the lower the 'Channel Production Costs'. 4. Additional significant causal pathways added following data analysis: AH[sub]1: The higher the 'Channel Production Costs', the greater the magnitude of 'Business Strengths of Principals'. AH[sub]2: The higher the 'Transaction Frequency', the higher the magnitude of 'Business Strengths of Principals' . Finally, it is believed that the research presented in this thesis has made an original contribution to the scholarly study and literature on international channel structures, and more specifically: 1. offered a new conceptualisation of the 'Business Strengths of Principals' and 'Transaction-specific Assets' constructs; 2. expanded the conceptualisation of TCA through the addition of the 'Business Strengths of Principals' construct; 3. offered - some initial evidences to suggest that transaction costs, rather than production costs, are more important determinants of international channel structures; 4. expanded the boundary condition of TCA, as applied to the subject matter, by successfully applying the theory in a new environment; 5. introduced the 'channel functional measure approach' as a measure of degree of channel integration; and 6. provided a set of prescriptive guidelines for the design of international channel structures.

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32

Adjei, Kofi Nicholas [Verfasser], Hajo [Akademischer Betreuer] Zeeb, Hajo [Gutachter] Zeeb, and Gabriele [Gutachter] Bolte. "Inequalities in Health among Older Adults in Western Industrialised Countries : Explanations from Gender, Socioeconomic and Time Use Perspectives / Kofi Nicholas Adjei ; Gutachter: Hajo Zeeb, Gabriele Bolte ; Betreuer: Hajo Zeeb." Bremen : Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Bremen, 2019. http://d-nb.info/1192909801/34.

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33

Birchwood, Anthony. "Implementation of taylor type rules in nascent money and capital markets under managed exchange rates." Thesis, Brunel University, 2011. http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/6447.

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We investigate the practical use of Taylor-type rules in Trinidad and Tobago, which is in the process of implementing market based monetary policy and seeks to implement flexible inflation targeting in the presence of a managed exchange rate. This is motivated by the idea that normative Taylor rules can be shaped by the practical experience of developing countries. We find that the inflation – exchange rate nexus is strong, hence the country may be unwilling to allow the exchange rate to float freely. We contend that despite weak market development the Taylor rule can still be applied as the central bank is able to use moral suasion to achieve full pass through of the policy rate to the market rate. Our evidence rejects Galí and Monacelli’s (2005) argument that the optimal monetary policy rule for the open economy is isomorphic for a closed economy. Rather, our evidence suggests that the rule for the open economy allows for lower variability when the rule is augmented by the real exchange rate as in Taylor (2001). We also reject Galí and Monacelli’s (2005) hypothesis that domestic inflation is optimal for inclusion in the Taylor-type rule. Instead we find that core CPI inflation leads to lower variability. Additionally, our evidence suggests that the monetary rule, when applied to Trinidad and Tobago, is accommodating to the US Federal Reserve rate. Further, we expand the work of Martin and Milas (2010) which considered the pass through of the policy rate to the interbank rate in the presence of risk and liquidity. By extending the transmission to the market lending rate, we are able to go beyond those disruptive factors by considering excess liquidity and spillovers of international economic disturbances. We found that these shocks are significant for Trinidad and Tobago, but it is not significant enough to disrupt the pass through. As a result, full pass through was robust to the presence of these disruptive factors.

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34

Fox, Paul William. "Construction industry development : analysis and synthesis of contributing factors." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2003. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/36189/6/36189_Digitised%20Thesis.pdf.

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35

Hsu, Ker-Tah [Verfasser]. "Diversifizierung zentraler Währungsreserven in newly industrialized countries = Diversification of foreign exchange reserves in newly industrialized countries / von Ker-Tah Hsu." 2004. http://d-nb.info/971935521/34.

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36

Hsu, Ker-tah [Verfasser]. "Diversifizierung zentraler Währungsreserven in newly industrialized countries = Diversification of foreign exchange reserves in newly industrialized countries / von Ker-Tah Hsu." 2004. http://d-nb.info/971935521/34.

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37

Pilon, Dennis. "Why voting systems change : electoral reform in western industrialized countries /." 2005. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/yorku/fullcit?pNR11618.

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Thesis (Ph.D.)--York University, 2005. Graduate Programme in Political Science.
Typescript. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 405-423). Also available on the Internet. MODE OF ACCESS via web browser by entering the following URL: http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/yorku/fullcit?pNR11618

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38

Nomi, Tomoaki. "The constraints on the trade policies of the newly industrialized countries." 1998. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/42963285.html.

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39

Bleidiesel, Simon. "What moves real exchange rates? : differences between industrialized and emerging countries." Mémoire, 2006. http://www.archipel.uqam.ca/2809/1/M9581.pdf.

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Depuis la fin des accords de Bretton Woods, les taux de change réels ont affiché de grandes et persistantes fluctuations. Ces fluctuations se sont avérées difficiles à expliquer, tant de manière théorique qu'empirique. Ce mémoire utilise une approche d'autorégression structurelle de vecteurs pour (i) identifier les chocs fondamentaux qui expliquent la plus grande partie des fluctuations du taux de change réel; (ii) quantifier l'impact que ces chocs ont sur d'autres agrégats macroéconomiques prédominants; et (iii) documenter les différences de ces chocs pour les pays industrialisés et les pays émergents. Nous analysons un échantillon de cinq pays: le Canada, le Mexique, l'Afrique du Sud, la Thaïlande et les États-Unis. Nos principaux résultats sont les suivants: (i) les fluctuations du taux de change sont menées par un seul choc majeur; (ii) ce choc ressemble le plus à un choc de demande; et (iii) le détachement du taux de change est plus fort dans les pays émergents que dans les pays industrialisés. En outre, notre analyse confirme que ni la parité du pouvoir d'achat, ni la parité du taux d'intérêt découvert ne tiennent.

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40

廖奕琪. "The Comparison of Taiwanese Musculoskeletal Disorder Prevention Procedure with Industrialized Countries." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/40300731359219056070.

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41

Huang, Li-Jen, and 黃力仁. "A Study of Work-related Musculoskeletal Disorders Prevention in Industrialized Countries." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/75786068729903042604.

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碩士
國立清華大學
工業工程與工程管理學系
101
Work-related Musculoskeletal Disorders (WMSD) is the most serious problem of occupational disease in industrialized countries. In order to eliminate or lessen the WMSD threat, all the developed countries tried their best to enforce WMSD preventive policies, established a WMSD prevention system to execute WMSD preventive works. This research is a study of the WMSD prevention system in Taiwan and three developed countries: USA, UK and Australian. This research analyzes how those countries run their WMSD prevention systems and proposed some suggestions for our Taiwan. 　　By analyzing WMSD documents、official website of WMSD prevention organizations、WMSD publications and other information on network, this research discussed those countries WMSD prevention systems in four parts. After analyzed those WMSD prevention systems, this research has a comparison of all prevention systems, and provided some suggestions that can be use to improve the prevention system of Taiwan in the future. 　　According to the research, the WMSD prevention systems is a triangle with the government unit、national and private research units, and executive units like unions, industries and clinics. Above all those units, there is a consultation unit. The works of those units are workplace investigation, make rules and guidelines, techniques research, safety training and popularizing. After the analyzed of all those countries, this research provided some suggestions, such as: Let the Department of Labor Safety and Health and/or the Department of Labor Inspection be the main organization of WMSD prevention, establish the guidelines of WMSD workplace inspection and enforce the WMSD workplace inspection be a part of normal WMSD workplace inspections. Let the Institution of Occupational Safety and Health be the main organization of WMSD research institute. Establish WMSD research institutes in universities and support WMSD organizations formed a committee. Cooperate with the Department of Labor Insurance to establish a monitor team of occupational injuries. The main organization of WMSD prevention establishes a WMSD prevention trainer talent bank to help the main organization do the training of WMSD prevention, spreading the prevention into the workplace of Taiwan.

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42

Maguire, Patricia A. "Comparison of outbound tourism generation from newly industrialized countries in East Asia." 1989. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/23726304.html.

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43

Joo, Jonathan Jin-Man. "Trade liberalization and labor movements in the East Asian newly industrialized countries." 2003. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/58918886.html.

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44

Tang, Amy. "Leveraging Policy for Renewable Energy Development in Industrialized Countries and Emerging Markets." Thesis, 2013. https://doi.org/10.7916/D8XG9ZHZ.

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Renewable energy has the ability to play a dominate role in addressing both rising energy demand and the need for sustainable growth. Various policy measures and incentives have aided its growth in both developed and developing countries. This dissertation analyzes existing policies and financial mechanisms used to encourage renewable energy development through three academic papers. I first propose the carbon revenue bond as a new financing tool to complement the environmental credit markets that exist in developed countries. Stochastic modeling techniques are used to simulate future credit prices and determine bond value. Use of the carbon revenue bond is illustrated through three examples of wind energy projects in the European, Australian and New Jersey markets. In the absence of mature markets in developing countries, I develop the strategic structure matrix as a new framework to explain the various effects of policy measures in order to better shape future policy design. By synthesizing previous literature on how organizations are able to affect the diffusion of a new technology, the strategic structure matrix is able to deepen understanding of how policy can influence renewable energy growth. The explanatory power of the framework is demonstrated through a case study on the different paces of wind power diffusion in five Indian states. Lastly, I evaluate the Clean Development Mechanism as a tool to encourage investment from developed nations for renewable infrastructure in developing countries. I create an agent-based model to simulate investment decisions under different improvements to the program, providing quantitative support for the effectiveness of some improvements over others. In addition to each paper's individual contributions, the findings collectively provide important implications for the future of renewable energy policy and its ability to support continued sustainable growth.

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Joo, Jonathan Jin-Man. "Trade liberalization and labor movement in the East Asian newly industrialized countries." 2003. http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=9712493.

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46

陳慧娟. "The analysis of work-related musculoskeletal disorder prevention strategies Among Industrialized Countries." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/62770519321036502658.

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47

SU, Ming-Chih, and 蘇銘志. "The Introduction of Work-related Musculoskeletal Disorder Prevention System among Industrialized Countries." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/20205268321067806644.

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碩士
國立清華大學
工業工程與工程管理學系碩士在職專班
101
Work-related musculoskeletal disorder (WMSD) is a very serious occupational safety and health problem in industrialized countries, it affects not only the health of workers resulting in injury and disability, but also causes the cost in work absenteeism, medical expense, productivity loss to industry, and increases social cost. In order to prevent WMSD, scholars generally agreed that the five risk factors of WMSD –awkward posture, over-exertion, high repetition, vibration, and oppression of organization should be eliminated or reduced with ergonomics method, and through promotion of the organizations to implement in corporation and workplace. This thesis introduced the MSDS prevention systems of the U.S., Canada, Finland, Germany and Taiwan, and provided information to help strengthening the prevention system of Taiwan. In terms of strategy, all the prevention systems of these countries are basically formed by three organizations, such as government for law making and enforcement, research institutions provide prevention directives and technical support, and promotion organization for promotion and assistance by the civil society, institutions, insurance companies, hospitals, and clinics. The specific practices include: implementation of the labor inspectorate to enforce decrees, establishing standards and promulgating guidelines, creating training courses to promotion ergonomic improvements, providing counseling to help business execution. The result suggests Taiwan that the primary should set up Advisory Committee, and make MSDS Prevention Act, and strengthen cooperation with national insurance agencies, civil associations, groups to implement in the enterprises and workplaces.

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48

Rousseau, Peter L. "Financial intermediation and long-run growth theory and evidence from five industrialized countries /." 1995. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/38189390.html.

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49

Chen, Jo-chen, and 陳若蓁. "Four major industrialized countries money stock in determinating the dynamic behavior of current accounts." Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/bvu2td.

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碩士
國立中山大學
經濟學研究所
95
“Save for a rainy day”, a well known theory proposed in Campbell(1987), indicates that the current consumption depends on the rational prospect of future economy. Nevertheless, within a highly developed economy, individual’s consumption is often affected by various factors, for instance, the rate of time preference, interest rates and inflation, …etc. Therefore, a rational representative consumer should take all possible information available to them into consideration in making decisions regarding optimal consumption; meanwhile, this will in turn affects a country’s current accounts and domestic credit as well. Based on the viewpoints of consumption-smoothing and permanent income hypothesis, we modify Ghosh(1995a)’s methodology to incorporate one of the most important macroeconomic variables, “money” into the intertemporal approach to the current account to explore its influence in explaining the difference between theoretically predicted and actual current accounts. In this study, four major industrialized countries: Canada, Japan, the US and UK are investigated by adding money as one of the key elements in explaining their current accounts dynamics. According to the empirical findings, not only the national cash flow (output minus investment and government expenditure) as stated in the literatures but money stock also reflect their influential effects in determinating the dynamic behavior of current accounts also. Therefore, money dose play a crucial role in our extensive method in explaining what traditional method can not explain. Further, we used six kinds of test which are introduced by Diebold and Mariano（1995）to compare which estimation model has better explaining power to forecast the actual current account. As a whole, the current accounts of these four major industrialized countries indeed acts as a buffer to smooth consumption in facing fluctuations of shocks to national cash flow and money stock.

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Chen, Yuen-Ching, and 陳芸菁. "The Economic Analysis of Counterfeit Prevention- A Model for Developing & Newly Industrialized Countries." Thesis, 1994. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/93798850971499015132.

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