Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Industrie du cinéma'
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Reveco, Fissore Roberto. "Un cinéma sous tension : une histoire du cinéma chilien 1939-1973." Thesis, Paris 8, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA080139/document.
Full textBetween 1939 and 1973 Chilean cinema attempted at least two models of development: during the 1940s it tried to industrialize cinematographic activity through, amongst other things, the creation of studios, while in the 1960s and 1970s the efforts were placed on the production of artistic and revolutionary cinema. The advancement from one cinema to the other took place thanks to a 15-year transition during which film-makers and people tied to cinema reinvented the cinematographic concepts and practices. The trajectory traced by Chilean cinema during those years is the theme of this thesis, whose focus seeks to understand and consider all the complexity of this particular process, tensioned by various poles, demands, necessities, problems and desires, as much economic as political, artistic, technical and cultural
Amira-Ben, Jannet Sarah. "Economie du cinéma : enjeux et perspectives du cinéma en Tunisie." Toulouse 2, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008TOU20005.
Full textIn 2004, at the closing of the 20th session of the Carthage Cinematographic Days, we wonder about the future of Tunisian cinema. One thing is, it is undeniable that cultural policy and the active support of the Ministry of Culture to cinematography is real, however, the cinematic landscape, it only looks stable, and hides deep deficiencies, which are mostly financial, infrastructural and industrial. To this end, the study is mainly concerned with economic and institutional conditions in which the films are manufactured, subsequent to public policies and their interaction with the new socio-economic realities. Interest is focused on the emergence and development of public policies in the field of film making, thoughts through projects, institutions and regulations put in place. As a first step, this study analysis the impact of public policy on movies activities which have been observed over the past five decades. Secondly, it provides a full account about the state of the film industry and its activities in Tunisia. At last, this dissertation challenges the traditional macroeconomic approach turns to an analysis of the actors' interpersonal experience, emphasizing their socioeconomic history, their position, their attitude and their motivations in a context where the Tunisian cinema is bottoming out
Biyi, Rachid. "La notion de "cinéma marocain" en question." Bordeaux 3, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994BOR30046.
Full textIn so far as the existing cinema infrastructure in morocco (production, distribution, companies and audience-facilities) works for foreign films, a national cinema institution cannot be referred to. In so far as what loroccan films share with films of any other origin, is the cinema (that is the cinematic mode of expression and its langage) the concept of "moroccan cinema" should be replaced by the notion of moroccan films or of moroccan film writing. The latter would bring out the characteristics of its territorial origin
Tachou, Frédéric. "Aux origines d'une industrie : photographie "obscène" et cinéma pornographique primitif." Paris 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA010590.
Full textBento, Ribeiro Ana Carolina. "Bâtir un nouveau cinéma : figures et participations des femmes dans le cinéma roumain contemporain." Thesis, Paris 10, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PA100039/document.
Full textThis PhD dissertation centers on women's participation and representation in Romanian cinema, as a means of understanding the multiple social, economic and institutional stakes intervening in the renewal of the Romanian film industry in the early 21st century. Our research focuses on the post-communist era, when the Romanian film production falls into its most critical state, before achieving unprecedented international recognition. We articulate our analysis around three chronological moments, aiming to perceive how social and historical ruptures and continuities pervade the treatment of female characters on screen and the women's presence in the film industry. We aim our attention at the New Romanian cinema of the 2000's. By tracing the genealogy of this « new cinema », we concentrate on the shaping of female characters in both auteur and commercial Romanian cinema. We illustrate the primary grounds conducing to the rise and consolidation of this renewed film industry by observing the career paths of Romanian female filmmakers
Tampoe-Hautin, Vilasnee. "Cinéma, colonialisme et identité : naissance et développement du cinéma au Sri Lanka (1896-1966)." La Réunion, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009LARE0012.
Full textThe main focus of this thesis is the evolution of the cinema industry in Sri Lanka during the colonial and post-independent period (1896-1966). This analysis establishes a parallel between the contribution by British, Indian, Tamil and Muslim minorities to the development of the film industry in the course of the 20th century and the emergence of an "indigenous" Sinhala cinema in the 1960s. Our study will reveal the extent to which Sri Lankan cinema has been a reflection of the ethnic struggles that have marked the island's history. It also examines how Parsi theatre and the British Documentary Movement influenced early Sinhala cinema, this being facilitated by geographical proximity and cultural affinities between Sri Lanka and Indian, but also by British colonial presence in the Indian Ocean
Kim, Joon-Deok. "Intervention et rôle de l'État dans la vie cinématographique française : compte tenu de son renouvellement depuis 1981." Paris 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA010582.
Full textFrom arrival of the socialists in franch government in 1981, cinematographic politics lead by government have, all at once, an important and favorite evolution in every different sections of cinema. There are three major objects in it's politics ; reinforcement and renovation in cinematographic production, maintainning the frequentation in the movie theater and construction of national movie programs. The very important national measure about evolution of politics on helping cinematographic industries are directed in about six major axis according to objects like these; preserving production vitality and concentrating the creation, protection inheritance and developing it's conciousness around people, permitting qualified and diversified cinematographic culture of full life by diffusing it in the whole national territories, finally intensifing international exchange by offering French cinema of opportunities to reach to European and world-wide audiences. The aim of this paper is to set up the evaluation of French government as completely as possible in cinematographic domain, in order to disengage the hot issue and faintness, to analysis insufficiency and to search possible way for the future. Our work is to become organised in three major parts; government politics for financial support, control method and international aspects. In this manner, we can verify efficiency of French political model toward cinematographic world, that is considered as one of the best politics in the world and from that model one can have a base for innovating cinema politics in foregine countries especially in Korea from which we have come and where we wish to play a role for development and for diffusion of cinematography
Zambrano-Cardenas, Andrea. "Le spectacle cinématographique à Santiago du Chili entre 1920 et 1929." Thesis, Lyon, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LYSE2003.
Full textThe purpose of this work is to reconstruct, through the study of advertisements published in the press of the time, a part of Chilean film history that is so far relatively unstudied, but nevertheless fundamental: the silent film show in Santiago, Chile during the 1920 - 1929.This research uses as it's main sources the newspapers El Mercurio de Santiago and El Diario Ilustrado. The analysis of cinema advertisements published in these content-rich newspapers, which contribute to intertextual and intercultural dialogue, were the fundamental pillar of this research.It is through the study of the cinematographic show, projection rooms, cinemas and their operators, as well as and their repercussions in the press of the 20s, that this work, which is part of what Bongers calls the "discusivacion del cine", initiates in our opinion, a new approach to the cultural memory that constitutes the cinema.This perspective leads to a precise questioning of the role played by production one of the most dynamic in the history of Chilean cinema, and by censorship in the film show as it was being constructed at that time.Our research addresses topics related to the birth of Chilean cinema, the beginning of the sedentarisation of the cinematographic show in the Chilean capital and the socializing role of cinemas as well as the price policy applied by their operators, local film productions and the relationship of this show with the press of the time
Chimbonda, Paul René. "Le cinéma à l'ère de la crise mondiale : analyse de l'industrie cinématographique française dans la dynamique des cinémas du marché mondial." Paris 10, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA100006.
Full textThe power of French cinema depends on a large national and international market, and from the manner by which it try to control every communicating vases phenomenon into a generalized space of pictures and sound. This phenomenon of communicating vases is more or less fast in the mondial market, in comparison with appearance rhythm of the news technologies. In this context, the cinematographics and programmes industries have to face the mondial competition of films. It's the case of French and European cinema in front of Hollywood and japan. Crisis in this case is depended on a fast and brutal mutation
Gharbi, Aymen. "Le roman, le cinéma et la télévision dans Les Soprano : la série télévisée entre art et industrie." Thesis, Paris 10, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PA100152.
Full textThe aesthetic pretensions of the television series The Sopranos have convinced us that it is part of a significant period in the history of the media: the migration of cinema and literature towards televised seriality with all that this implies of social, aesthetic and economic transformations. We will put this period in parallel with that of the twentieth century cinema and the nineteenth century novel to show that the work is inhabited, both voluntarily and involuntarily, by certain multidimensional contradictions inherent in the mutations cultural industry. These contradictions imply the pathological contamination of the story by interruption and repetition, which connotes a fundamental passivity of modern man
Kitsopanidou, Kira. "L'innovation technologique dans l'industrie cinématographique hollywoodienne : le cinéma-spectacle des années 50, une mise en perspective des stratégies liées à l'eidophor et au cinémascope." Paris 3, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA030067.
Full textFrom the obsession of the origins to the search for " first times ", the history of cinema technology does not avoid quantification and the genealogical approach. When they are not historians who get carried away by the ambition of founding a science dedicated to the " genetics " of cinema technologies, then they are cinema theoreticians who take over by submitting technology to the quest for an essence, specificity or transcendent and trans-historical function (e. G. The myth of " total cinema "). The purpose of this thesis is to show that the history of technological innovation in cinema, and particularly in the Hollywoodian system, allows various entries for analysis and deepening. Based upon the theories of innovation, management sciences and communication theories on one hand, and cinema theoreticians' analysis devoted to the evolution of cinema equipment on the other,. .
Pinto, Aurélie. "Les salles de cinéma d'art et d'essai : sociologie d'un label culturel entre marché politique et politique publique." Amiens, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012AMIE0026.
Full textThis dissertation adopts an interdisciplinary approach which combines economic sociology, sociology of culture and political science in order to study the "Art et essai" label. It aims at explaining the specificity of a market in which a quality label functions as amesurement and as a still open issue. The first part "Socio-history and topography of the 'Art et essai' label reveals the competing priciples at stake in the process of qualification on the market of cinematographic exploitation, in which are intertwined cultural, educational, industrial and political considerations. Two statistic surveys, one based on data relative to the labelled movie theatres, the other based on the itinerary of movie classified as "Art et essai" in French movie theatres show clearly the heterogeneity of the "Art et essai" movie theatres and highlight local configurations of competition between movie theatres which produce extremely variegated local exploitation markets. A second part, "Local markets of 'Art et essai' movie theatre demonstrates hox the 'Art et essai' label is defined structurally on its actual existing markets. Contesting an essentialist definition of the label, our approach here aims at explaining its different meanings according the social structuration of the audiance, the history of the exploitation in each territory, and the social trajectory of the movie theatres managers. The "Art et essai" movie theatre, considered it turns as "shapr", "independant", "small", "prestige", "repertoire" or "neighbourhood" movie theatre, is less defined through the programming of an aesthetic canon than through an alternative and always locally situated offer of cultural goods
Moriset, Claire. "L'industrialisation du cinéma ou l'émergence du triple marché." Lyon 3, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995LYO31009.
Full textThis is an analysis of the development stages of the cinema industry seen from the triple market angle. Motion pictures, regarded cither as authentic intellectual and creative works of art or as marketing products, are caught between two sides : culture and art, and business. As a result, the cinema industry stands on the borderline between government cultural policies and the market economy. Ever since motion pictures started being used as programmes by broadcasters, the fate of cinema has been tied to that of the tv and video industries. The interest of tv channels and video tape producers for motion pictures as a product is rising parallel with their commitment in producing them, even though public performances are stcadily losing viewers. From an economic viewpoint, the question of the marketing value of motion pictures is therefore raised, at the same time as their very definition as works of art. These two major questions will determine the future of the cinema industry and the palrt it will play in the world of multimedia
Gaudain, Iris. "Enjeux de l’industrie du cinéma national au Québec à l’ère Netflix." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/40167.
Full textBargès, Elisabeth. "Impact de la multiplication des modes de diffusion sur le financement des films français." Paris 9, 2007. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=2007PA090050.
Full textThis thesis studies the increase of access to movies due to digitalization and its impact on the financing of the French cinematographic production. Our work emphasizes that the economic rationality between a financing of movies from the television sector is challenged by the evolution of his exploitation markets. During the seventies, the movie attendance crisis because of the television apparition induced their contributions to movie financing. The multiplication of technical access to movies introduces changes on their consumption both in cumulative and substitutive ways. We emphasise the multiplication of access to movies is responsible of an attraction of films showed on television less important than the years before. Consequently, the revenues of television editors for the diffusion of movies decrease and then covered less and less the contributions to movie financing they are subjected to. We conclude that the French mechanism for financing movies is no more in phase with the evolutions of market evolutions. Finally, some solutions to adjust both parts of the equation are discussed
Farchy, Joëlle. "Le cinéma français sous influence : de la concurrence audiovisuelle à la différenciation des produits cinématographiques." Paris 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1990PA010006.
Full textDepétris, Frédéric. "L'Etat et le cinéma en France : le moment de l'exception culturelle." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2006. https://eu02.alma.exlibrisgroup.com/view/uresolver/33PUDB_IEP/openurl?u.ignore_date_coverage=true&portfolio_pid=5364117780004675&Force_direct=true.
Full textThis dissertation aims to explain the reasons why the French national policy to maintain their "cultural exception" has been defined and vigorously supported in France. This work is based on the study of dynamics in cinema policies, in which the intimate neo-corporatist relationship between the professionals of the movie industry and the state plays a major role. The purpose of this thesis is to analyse the socio-genesis of the policies of the movie industry and their processes of institutionalization. The study reveals the links existing between aesthetic, social and political transformations of the cinematographic environment from the 1930´s onwards, as well as the change of the state action's referential. Furthermore, the work puts in perspective the contemporary evolution of cinema policies in France, characterized by deep changes associated with the growing influence of television and new industries of communication, but also resulting from europeanization of national policies, as well as from the globalization of trade and culture
Weigl, Mélanie. "Les mecanismes europeens de soutien au cinema." Paris 1, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA010296.
Full textOuédraogo, Dragoss. "L'émergence de l'industrie nationale du cinéma en Afrique noire "francophone" : cas du Burkina Faso et du Mali." Bordeaux 3, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988BOR30035.
Full textThe industry of cinema is just emerging in Africa. The analysis of the motives of this delay shows the context of occidental domination but also the internal problems which block up the installation of the industry of cinema. In Africa. This difficult situation has consequences in the field of economic, social and cultural development of the countries. Example of Burkina Faso and Mali
Vaslet, Olivier. "Le système de défense d'intérêts des organisations professionnelles patronales du cinéma français sous la cinquième République." Toulouse 2, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002TOU20013.
Full textDubet, Éric. "L'economie de l'industrie cinematographique en europe." Amiens, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998AMIE0054.
Full textThe omnipresence of the state in the european film world, in view of the criticisms it raises, now leads us to ponder over its origin - why was a system of public aids introduced ? we intend to examine this issue through two domains of investigation - those of public goods and those of merit goods. We will then see, by interfering in the production of full-length films, that authorities cannot only seek to make up for a deficient market, but also to correct individual preferences, mainly in a cultural perspective. However, the problem of public support does not stop at these arguments only. The state also intervenes because cinema is in a state of crisis. In order to understand better this established fact - save if we study in detail the network - one may refer to the analyses putting in relation technical progress and long waves. Then one can discover that is television, born during the phase of difficulties of the interwar years and extended to the entire society during the phase of prosperity of the after-war, which has led cinema to its present problems. However, with recent technologies contributing towards the multiplication of broadcasting channels and, consequently, generate new openings and financings, it seems that a change in the situation is conceivable. Besides, aware of the irreversibility of the current changes, film-making companies often choose to work in collaboration with broadcasters. For the time being, it is nevertheless essential to restore the competitiveness of our full-length films, but also of all our fiction films, subject to an international competition driven to its height. Indisputably, european cinema is a cultural sector in crisis with must be supported by the authorities and, in this ever changing world of the image, one must adopt specific strategies in order to be able to keep on existing culturally and economically
Kochbati, Hatem. "Projection numérique au cinéma : les nouvelles modalités de consommation des films art et essais (les cinémas Utopia / vidéo en poche)." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016STRAG016/document.
Full textThe present research sets out to study and scrutinise the key facts that illustrate the change in conditions caused by digital cultural industries and practice of the art of cinema and particularly the essay. In the era of digital projection, cinema halls are facing a true technological revolution. The latter induces a change in the consumption patterns and the access to culture The analysis of Utopia cinema halls and the video-in-pocket concept tell us a lot about this postmodern use of cultural artifacts at the age of digital economy
Girre, Ronan. "Le financement de la production cinématographique et audiovisuelle." Paris 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA010262.
Full textDe, Baets Frédéric. "Droit de la concurrence en matière cinématographique." Nice, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997NICE0042.
Full textThe movie industry is highly competitive. Both internal and external competition are regulated by competition law. Movie-making, both an industry and an art, is so specific that is has generated a competition law that often departs from common law rules. Competition law in the movie industry can be considered from three angles. - regarding the operation and distribution of movies, it tries to solve problems, such as those facing independent operators vs. Programming cartels or those created by the new "multi-screen complexes", by setting up institutions (movie mediator) or special procedures (approval for opening or extending a movie theatre complex). - regarding the broadcasting of movies on new media, it attempts to protect a industry weakened by competition from television or video. - regarding movie production, it questions the compatibility of government subsidies with european law
Gimello-Mesplomb, Frédéric. "Enjeux et stratégies de la politique de soutien au cinéma français : un exemple : la nouvelle vague : économie politique et symboles." Toulouse 2, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000TOU20056.
Full textSrour, Nemesis. "Bollywood Film Traffic. Circulations des films hindis au Moyen-Orient (1954-2014)." Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PSLEH185.
Full textIn 1965, the presence of Indian films in the Arab region is sparking debate. While some perceive the popularity of Indian films as an “invasion”, the reasons for this success are formulated in essentialist terms by the film historian Georges Sadoul, as “a kind of innate spontaneity” (Inter-Arab Center for Cinema and of television 1965). To render these ambivalences, the purpose of this work was not to offer the arguments of a cultural connivance between Indian films and Arab countries, but to document the circulation of films, contributing to a global history of South-South cinematographic circuits.This research articulates the circulation modes of Indian films over a long period, from 1954 to 2014, in order to give to these cinematographic exchanges all their historicity. Questioning the Middle East from the perspective of the Indian film industry formulates an alternative vision of this region. It contributes to give their place to unsung actors, to make a history of distributors and cinemas in light of the circuits of Indian films. At the same time, undertaking this story requires understanding how the Bombay film industry perceives and invests foreign territories in broadcasting its films. Returning to the process of circulation in themselves over a period of 60 years opened the door to asperities, to the stumbling of stories. A transnational ethnography of circulation networks of Hindi films in Beirut, Cairo and Dubai, shows differently permeable territories. In an approach that documents film circuits and distinguishes its agents, this work focuses on a historical anthropology of the distribution field. The typology of the networks indicates their plasticity and shows all the ingenuity of the actors of the diffusion, adapting, modulating and anticipating even the historical mutations of the region
Cravenne, Robert. "La promotion du cinéma français à l'étranger." Toulouse 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993TOU10020.
Full textMartin, Elizabeth. "Recherche marketing et cinéma : application de modèles de prévision." Clermont-Ferrand 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989CLF10084.
Full textCROQUET, CHRISTINE. "Image, images de films : la mise en texte et le role des acteurs dans les campagnes de communication du cinema en france." Lille 3, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996LIL30016.
Full textCommunication campaigns appear like a key element in the change of films to the editorial state. Structural obligation's analysis of cinema industry shows us that the distributor takes a strong place in the economical decision and the films market's setting in france. The question of this study is to understand the intervention's way from jdrofessionnal actors and the structural logics that have an influence on films' communication campaign, when they^re^uted^w^ocatcinenm; it's also matter to analyse the balance of power and the alliances existing between those who are controling information - the distributors and their representatives- and the actors who set them in text -specially the journalists of press and television, and the tv comperes. So the "text setting" notion is operating in the comprehension of mediation and mediatization phenomena who are the result of actors' intervention in the films projection period
Augros, Joël. "Du cinéma à l'industrie des images : le développement multimédia de l'industrie cinématographique mondiale." Paris 10, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA100017.
Full textFar from being the "century of communications", the 20th century may be called the "century of the means of communication". The growing expansion of the audiovisual complex completely changed the rules of the movie industry all around the world particularly in the United States and in France. Movies used to be shown on a single market- the movie theatres. New home markets quickly shook the movie business industry in scattering moviegoers to different and sometimes opposed "screens". Whether they like it or not, movie companies developed multimedia strategies around a technology they perfectly controlled and which enabled them to produce entertainment and sell it to various media ranging from movie theatres to television including v. C. R. Tapes. Movie companies tend to become film editors. The movie theatres are kept as the very place where the reel becomes a movie and where the movie builds up its audience. This audience then sets up the commercial value of a given movie in film libraries, copyright sales to video stores, network TV, cable TV and syndication
Adoum, Fatima. "L' avance sur recettes : évaluation d'une politique de soutien au cinéma français (1959-1990)." Paris 1, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA010633.
Full textSifaki, Eirini. "Jalons pour une histoire du cinéma en Grèce (1939-1954) : pratiques culturelles, logiques commerciales et stratégies d'acteurs d'après la revue Kinimatographikos astir." Paris 3, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA030164.
Full textThis thesis seeks to contribute to a better understanding of the history of cinema in Greece since the 2nd world war and up until 1954 when the organization of Greek film production began to take shape. An examination of the Greek film market during this troubled period shows that the structure of successive political regimes directly influenced the cinematographic sector both ideologically and economically. Our main archival source is the Greek cinema magazine Kinimatographikos Astir, which became a forum for dialogue between professionals of the film industry. It enables us to analyse the cultural and artistic importance of the 7th art and the economic aspects of the industry. We illustrate how the Greek film market has always been subjected to the influence of Political powers and transnational player's strategies. One section of our analysis concentrates on the origin or “nationality” of films distributed and screened in Greek cinemas and especially the most successful ones. We shed light on the conditions and criteria which shaped Greek cinema-going habits and trends over time. In highlighting and emphasizing recurring trends we pinpoint the underlying factors which participate in the interaction between local and global interests
Benvenuto, Luciano. "Le cinema post-hollywoodien (1976-1985) : une industrie culturelle transnationale de l'imaginaire filmique. une analyse socio-pragmatique." Paris 3, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA030038.
Full textThe subject of this thesis is hollywood's contemporary commercial film industry between 1976 and 1985. Emphasizing a socio-pragmatic approach in which the cinematographic context takes precedence over the cinematographic text, this research endeavors to demonstrate that this period, knowned as post-hollywood cinema world, constitutes and extreme rupture in the evolution of the hollywood movie industry. A rupture because the three intrinsic sectors of hollywood cinema were broadly affected by the aftermath of the socio-economic crisis of the early seventies and the astounding technico-televisual revolution which followed. The movie industry was entirely reshaped and reorganized on new economic foundations, bringing about changes in the audience's sociological and psychological caracteristics. These changes are evident in the signifying form of the films, where cinematographic super-production, performance and the "spectacular" are brought together. The performing signifier appears to be therfore the principal symptom of this upheaval or revolution. Because in becoming the film's principal vehicle of meaning, the performing signifier indicates that the film is no longer concerned with communication
Lee, Jung-Woo. "Analyse comparée des politiques cinématographiques françaises et coréennes : étude de la formation et de la cristallisation de l'exception culturelle en France et en Corée." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003IEPP0004.
Full textBarnier, Martin. "Les Voix de la liberté : La généralisation du cinéma parlant." Paris 3, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA03A002.
Full textBetween 1926 and 1934, the talking moving picture took the place of the silent film in the United states and in Europe. It was the generalization and not the birth of the talkies, a decisive change in film history, characterized by intense heterogeneity and a great freedom of choice. Between 1896 and 1934, a large diversity of sound systems was proposed. Sound technology was multiple, because it was inspired by radio, telephone, electric record player and public address system. The european film economy was set free from american domination, between 1926 and 1934, thanks to restrictive laws and the problems of exporting sound films. The increase in number of production companies in Europe, especially in France, helped promote a varied and unrestrained creation. Examples of mass appeal productions examples, in france and the United states, and of Renoir and Duvivier films, give the proof that filming styles were developed in numerous ways, and that sound was quickly mastered. Looking at the first portuguese and colombian sound films, we can remak that principal characteristics of sound film generalization are the same in all countries. This period of film history is like a rhizome where technology, economy and esthetics are totally interwoven, giving a large freedom to the authors, before the coming of classicism and censures
Viard, Alexandre. "Réguler par l'épreuve : outils de gestion et cogestion sectorielle du cinéma français." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SACLX097.
Full textThe empirical context for this work concerns the changes in the movie industry due to the NTIC. We study the collective regulation process of the sector by industry stakeholders and the CNC (National Center for Cinema). We look at two phenomena. We study the debates in the press during the 2012-2014 period. Second, we look at the types of management tools used by the CNC as the organization in charge of regulating the French movie industry.We propose to represent the regulation process in the French movie industry as the organisation and evolution of trials to which actors of the sector participate.This co-regulation process is seen here as both framed and emergent. We study the role of management tools, especially statistical indicators in this co-regulation process.We build a co-regulation model based on the trial notion, allowing us to illustrate the risks linked to the changes occurring in the industry. In the regular functioning of the model, critics can be formulated an integrated to the trial system and allow for its adaptation. The risk linked to NTIC is characterized by the possibility of questioning the evaluation principles at the very foundation of the trial system
Pagliardini, Lucia. "Les femmes dans le champ cinématographique ˸ le rôle des productrices de cinéma françaises depuis la Nouvelle Vague jusqu’à nos jours." Thesis, Paris 3, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PA030012.
Full textThis thesis focuses on the role of French film producers as central figures in the production process of each film. Notwithstanding their important contribution, film producers are largely forgotten in the history of the seventh art and little known to the general public, the studies having focused more on actresses, screenwriters and directors. It is precisely this lack that the present research proposes to fill by exploring the careers, the motivations, the difficulties encountered and the daily life of the French film producers, by highlighting what they brought, by showing how they made to evolve the profession of producer and in particular how much they influenced the economy of the cinema and shaped, by their work, our imagination. Our analysis is articulated in three stages, in order to understand the process that has favored the advent of women in French film production since the Nouvelle Vague until today. The project to enhance the role of producers not only reveals a part of the history of the seventh art, but also to ask the question of film production declined to the feminine at the heart of the reflection on the work. Our thesis aims to reveal, through the words, actions and management of producers, the history of the seventh art through a new perspective, to better understand the cultural reality and its contradictions. It is certain that there can be no question of the history of cinema without these women
Mariotti, Nadège. "Images de gestes, gestes en images. Le filmage du travail dans la fabrication de l'acier en France (1896-1981)." Thesis, Paris 3, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PA030027.
Full textVictims of the economic circumstances of the late 20th century, the traditional skills associated with mining and the vast majority of French iron and steel mills have today disappeared. The know-how and the heritage of yesteryear is no longer transmitted across the generations. However by visually recording the handling of raw materials, manipulation often involving complex and even elegant gestural movements and actions, industrial films contribute to the collective memory. Based on a corpus of 309 films, this research aims to conserve demonstrations of the skills and behavioural gestures typical of mines and steel plants between 1896 and 1981. At the crossroads of disciplines as diverse as mining and steel production techniques, the history of cinematography and film anthropology, this compilation of films is examined in the context of its sources, archives and the specialised press, as applied to the socio-economic contexts of work and the methodological analysis of film. This multi-scale work reflects that the North and East of France were dominant not only in terms of steel production but also in its preservation on film. Further the years 1945-1960 were the most prolific in both these respects. Moving images are divided into categories of industrial films: the interior of production sites, steel production processes and machine operation, all of which become increasingly clear with the improvement of filming techniques. The depiction of the production process constitutes an authentic cinematographic archive. The analysis of gestures and their on-screen evolution attests to the recurrence of a spectacular pattern and the immutability of certain actions. Interestingly, the human gestures of which there is question here are not always condemned to disappear with the encroachment of mechanization and robots. They may distance themselves from the mechanical devices of production but, in so doing, metamorphose, adapt and survive
Yakovenko, Indira. "Mondialisation et nouveaux marchés cinématographiques : le cas des films russes et des salles de cinéma ukrainiennes." Nice, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2010NICE2024.
Full textDans notre recherche, nous nous intéressons à la production cinématographique russe présente sur les marchés internationaux audiovisuels comme MIPTV et MIPCOM à Cannes. Nous analysons l’influence de la mondialisation, les transformations dans l’esthétique et la promotion de nouveaux films russes à travers notre observation participante et une enquête auprès des producteurs et distributeurs russes, ukrainiens et internationaux. Notre travail se situe au croisement de plusieurs disciplines : sciences de la communication, industrie du film, marketing, anthropologie culturelle. Les données sont issues de l’analyse de 15 films russes, produits entre 2000 et 2005, de 15 entretiens de professionnels du film et de 159 questionnaires recueillis auprès des participants, venus de 33 pays, au marché international du film de Cannes en 2006. Dans les nouveaux films russes, nous observons le processus de la réévaluation des événements historiques et la révélation des tabous. Ils ont les points communs avec le cinéma américain ou européen comme l’ordre étant plus important que la morale ou la présence de héros de l’âge du narcissisme. Le nouveau héros russe est plus tragique et complexe que le personnage hollywoodien. Pour la plupart des participants du marché international, le cinéma russe est un cinéma européen. La mondialisation est considérée comme américanisation. Cependant, elle fait émerger d’autres identités cinématographiques. Les séries russes triomphent à la télévision ukrainienne et leurs personnages plus proches et compréhensibles remplacent les héros américains. Les films contemporains russes se placent comme un cocktail des modèles : soviétique, hollywoodien et indien
Oshima, Yukiko. "Stratégies des industries audiovisuelles japonaises." Paris 10, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA100158.
Full textThe Japanese household electronic industry is generally recognized as a world-leader in its field. The same can be said about the Japanese’s audio and video blank tape market. On the other hand, almost nothing is known about the programs industry. Thus the audiovisual field contains both its programming factor and its economic structure. Both artistic conception and industrial reproduction form an integral part of the production process. By analyzing the major audiovisual mediums' (radio television, records, motion picture) history and changes, the main objective is to determine the true economic and artistic stakes of the industry in the wake of the twenty first century
Amiel, Olivier. "Le financement public du cinéma dans l'Union européenne." Aix-Marseille 3, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006AIX32050.
Full textPublic financing of the cinema is a face of cultural politics that deals with the support of its cinematography for both economic and social reasons. The world domination of Hollywood gives rise to this support. In Europe, we are familiar with only one division of competences for public financing of the cinema: action from the European Union combined with that of its member states. The latter began their policies regarding public financing of the cinema at a very early date (totalitarian regimes from the beginning of the 20th Century) contrary to the European Community with the Masstricht Treaty in 1993 (birth of the European Union and widening of the Common Market’s sensitivity to include domains such as culture). Each of the two mediators have their own frame of reference composed of direct and indirect aid; the Union doubles its frame of reference with a control of state financing, notably with regard to the principle of “non discrimination”. This division of competences is an organisational model of public financing of the cinema, but it is widely contested in the name of economic liberalism, above all at an international level (Global Organisation for Business). The model’s defence is based on “cultural diversity” (freedom to support one’s cultural expressions and the obligation to help others do so too). This defence takes into consideration the model in European integration. However, Europe is often happy to only defend its cinema, by using cultural diversity as a legal pretext. The European model for public financing of the cinema must not become an imperialism, it must transcend and offer a large policy. Image is carrier of civilizing projection and transmission, its plurality must be defended. Public financing of the cinema represents an element of this defence
Bauer-Lenoir, Virginie. "Le cinéma australien contemporain 1975-1988 : reflet d'une société." Paris 3, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA030046.
Full textThe only way to account for the evolution of the australian film production from 1975 to 1988 is to study the policy of the australian federal governement and of the seven states as regard to the organization of the film industry, the dedication of the men and women who contributed to enrich the australian film heritage and the film themselves. The study of all these aspects comes as an answer to my desire to understand better the political, social and cultural beckground in which such a profound renewal of film production could take place in this country. It also makes possible to define the specificity of australian cinema
Belkaïed, Guiga Lamia. "L' actuel paysage audiovisuel en Tunisie : la télévision, la radio et le cinéma." Paris 2, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA020018.
Full textChevaldonné, Yves. "Les Premiers temps du cinéma dans le Vaucluse : 1896-1914." Paris 3, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA030076.
Full textThe present work focuses on the early development of the movie industry in vaucluse (se france), and on explaining how this entertainment became both a cultural and social institution. In return, the influence of the department's specificities and inhabitants on this evolution is considered. The cinematograph first reaches avignon in october 1896, then makes its way to the other main cities in 1897 and 1898. The owners quickly turn towards a popular audience: in fairs, public squares, but especially in previously existing theaters. The spreading of cinema and its increasing profitability revives the interests of businessmen and wealthier middle-class audience. The first movie theaters then appear, particulary under pathe's influence, and develop until the brink of wwi. A hierarchical operating system phases is: different audiences coexist within the same city, district, or theater. The cinema finds its place the local social and cultural life as a new ritual. Schools and churches incorporate it in their educational activities. The locals participate in the development of the cinema, but are limited to the least profitable activities: itinerant shows and some sedentary operating activities. The most ambitious attempts (film rental, film roll manufacturing) are very limited. In the early 1910's the shows settle in theaters and the industry undergoes an major standardization: the part played by vaucluse inhabitants in their own image production is getting more and more restricted. To develop an activity of a fairly large scale in the cinema, natives such as f. Trewey, c. Grivolas and j. Baroncelli are drawn to emigrate, geographically and culturally, to paris
Corriou, Morgan. "Un nouveau loisir en situation coloniale : le cinéma dans la Tunisie du protectorat (1896-1956)." Paris 7, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA070069.
Full textMy aim has been to explore both the economies of cinema in Tunisia during the colonial era and the social experience of films by Tunisian, French and Italian audiences. The first part of my dissertation deals with the early beginnings of cinema in Tunisia. I argue that a Tunisian audience existed as early as the beginning of the 20 century. These filmgoers took part in a burgeoning urban life. But this new form of entertainment also found its way into religious and traditional practices. From 1922 onwards, cinemas expanded in the "European" areas as well as in the medinas. I notice the involvement of Italians and Tunisian Jews in the cinema industry. In a second part, I investigate the 1930s and the 1940s, a period characterized by the intrusion of politics in the film business and the cinemas. The arrival of sound film implied a break as films became more and more identified as a national product. I describe cinemas as a new public space. Social issues characterize the last period that runs from the post-war years until Independence in 1956. In the aftermath of World War II, the cinemas stood out as an important venue for social evolutions rather than for direct political protests. Film going revealed slow changes in gender relationships, a growing generation gap and, above all, the rise of an educated Tunisian youth
Baik, Seung Kyung. "Faire valoir le cinéma de qualité ˸ les labels d’art et essai en France et les salles réservées aux art films en Corée du Sud." Thesis, Paris 3, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PA030008.
Full textThis present research explores the valuing process of art cinema through two markets, created mainly by the movie theater label “Art et Essai” in France and “Movie Theater for Art films” in South Korea. It traces the economic, political and practical inventions, which enabled quality cinema, or auteur cinema, to be formed and to gradually define the very notion of quality. Inspired by pragmatic ideas, this study addresses the collective experience of the audience that leads to the distinction between “going to the cinema” and “seeing a movie”. This comparative historical research of two different countries which have strong traditions of “quality” cinema reveals the importance of the relationship between the socio- economic construction of quality and the various dimensions invented by movie industry participants, who are interested not only in screening films, but also and notably in attracting spectators and creating their audiences.Despite the similarity of some general figures of their industry such as national films’ market share and cinema admissions per capita, they differ in three ways: the beginning and the development process of the quality film market; government subsidies for art houses by means of quality labels and their impact on the identity formation of quality films in the market; and finally the landscape of art houses today. Analyses of each country presented in turn, because of their great difference, are however following the same path: starting from the presentation of enlightening early stage of the film industry and of the first government intervention against the American invasion; entering into details about art film market creation, subsidy policy changes and implementation of different modes of distribution in movie theater market; and concluding with the present situation
Nguea, Annette. "La production cinématographique camerounaise : l’implication de l’état et du secteur prive." Paris 3, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA030166.
Full textThe analysis of cameroonian cinema history reveals that cinema, whose first film Adventure in France, was shot in 1962, knew a difficult evolution. Thus, throughout its history (1962-2006), a little over fifty feature films have been produced by cinema professionals. This period was also market by problems of distribution and exploitation of films. With the passing years and notably in Yaoundé and Douala, movie theatres are closing down. Given these problems, an analytic and strategic approach enabled us to envisage perspectives that may allow the 7th Cameroonian Art to be seen by his public and to be competitive inside and outside the country. These perspectives may be divided into four (04) aspects which are: the improvement of the technical quality of the Cameroonian film, the increase of the number of movie theatres, the exploitation of new technology, the implication of the State and the privet sector
Monnerie, Cédric. "L'adaptabilité du droit d'auteur à l'évolution du financement du cinéma." Thesis, Nancy 2, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010NAN20009.
Full textThe theme for this research originated in the realization that there is an intimate link between the author's rights and the financing of a feature film. Indeed, the "delegate" producer, as guarantor of the completion and delivery of the film, passes on to its partners the consents necessary for the exploitation of the film in consideration for the contributions which insure the financial structuring of such film. The co-producers, distributors, broadcasters and other exploitants are thus, so many industrial and business partners, rights holders and financial contributors to the film. To the issue of the financing of a budget must be added that of the cash flow. The fund providers usually limit their risks to the distribution of the film and do not intend to take on a production risk. Using credit is consequently a fundamental aspect of the financing of the film. In that context, intellectual property constitutes the principal form of asset to substantiate the securities and the means of payment of the film industry. The author's rights is thus the cause and subject matter of the great legal and financial structures of the film industry. From that realization, this research ambitions to / aspires to study the ability of the author's right to divide to form a sort of proprietary right fit for the financing of the films while insuring an efficient protection of the authors of cinematographic works. The complexity of such ubiquity resides in the opposing forces of the set functions of the author's rights: the artistic integrity of the work derives from the preservation of the creator and dictates a personal vision of the author's right. The constraints of the financial production of the film impose to protect the producer's mission and are grounded on a proprietary vision of the author's rights. In reality the French author's rights is above all an ensemble of moral, intellectual, financial features sanctioned by the public order of the protection of the author. The balance between the protection of the author and the producer remains to be found. The agreement, as an anticipation tool, is one of its instruments
Gahéry, Rodolphe. "Les premières actualités filmées (1895-1914) : des Cinématographes au Cinéma ?" Thesis, Paris 10, 2020. http://faraway.parisnanterre.fr/login?URL=http://bdr.parisnanterre.fr/theses/intranet/2020/2020PA100108/2020PA100108.pdf.
Full textThrough a history of the beginnings of the filmed press in France from 1895 to 1914, this thesis aims primarily to shed new light on the process of institutionalization of cinematographic practices at work at the same time. Since the 1980s, research devoted to early cinema has been dominated by an approach that places the rise of the narrative function of films at the heart of these evolutions (André Gaudreault, Tom Gunning, etc.). Without denying these works, it is proposed to complete them, by considering the development of newsreels as one of the key factors—but so far neglected—of the beginnings of cinema, especially in the elaboration of its relation to reality (distinction between fiction and non-fiction) and its inscription in history. After a definitional and intermedial study of the origins of filmed news, two parts follow one after the other, around the concept of “imagery”, which in this case refers to everything that goes into the constitution of defined sets of images. These two central parts attempt to analyse the deployment of a specific production within firms, before focusing on the films themselves, in particular reconstructed news and filmed newspapers. From imagery to images, a fourth and last part, more theoretical, considers newsreels as representations, in their forms and discourses, before studying their place and role in the process of the institutionalization of cinema
Bel-Afia, Mounia. "La filière cinématographique marocaine." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015USPC0015/document.
Full textThis thesis tackles as an initial issue the study of cinema in Morocco, its economic and social evolution markedby colonization, post colonization, and a series of weaknesses and assets that make its study an interesting task.Indeed, since infrastructures linked to this industry were put into service starting from 20s of the formercentury, it was not until 1958 that the first Moroccan long-length film came into being. It is about the movie of“Le fils de maudit” by Mohamed Ousfour. Accordingly, this thesis conducts a study of the different componentsof cinematographic industry in Morocco through this basic paradigm: production-distribution-exploitation,opting for a socio-economic history of the Moroccan cinema. The adopted approach is purely empirical.This thesis part of a series of questions that interrogate the mitigated path of cinema in Morocco, where hugeworld productions are currently shot, festivals organized, and a state’s implication that is deemed relevant, butwithout however leading to the creation of bases of a real cinematographic industry.In conclusion of this thesis a structural crisis of which suffers cinema in Morocco was triggered, withouthowever denying some evolutionary aspects that it has seen. Indeed, Moroccan cinema is still on the lookoutfor development taking into account the duality which characterizes it as an art and industry. Thecinematographic sector suffers from a profound fragility and from a lack of coherence in the development thateach of its components experiences. Furthermore, cinema in Morocco is often understood by the government asa medium of tourism promotion and political propaganda, rather than cultural industry. The cinematographicindustry, on its part, depends on the state’s support, which facilitates censorship and imposes the state’s visionof the development of this field