Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Industries métallurgiques et mécaniques'
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Vernet, Antoine. "Les disciplines de l'industrie : le patronat métallurgique et la formation organisée des travailleurs dans la région de Saint-Etienne (1865-1954)." Thesis, Lyon, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LYSE2122.
Full textVocational education and training presented a potentially conflicting object crossing the lines of public policies and private action. The development of a differentiated supply was based on the negociated determination of skills. The modalities of VET diverged according to professional branches. They followed different conceptions, related to the knowledge required by the industrial production and organization. Public and private VET supplies were sometimes opposed, sometimes supplemented in order to meet all needs. The case of metallurgical, metalworking and machine-building industries of the region of Saint-Étienne allows us to study the motivations and the balance of forces. Since the Second Empire, the supply for vocational training growed. The sustainability of these achievements was initially fragile. They depended on municipal initiative or private organization. The vocational schools founded during the early times of the Third Republic changed the outcome. The development of a municipal supply aroused the reaction of the clerical side, supported by local catholic bourgeoisies. The evolution of these paths was due to a significant difference in the objectives of theses courses. On one hand, VET was considered as a mean for the diffusion and scientific and technical knowledge. On the other hand, it was used as a way to diffuse moral and hierarchical principles. Through the various strategies at work, from outsourcing to integration, the training of a workers elite tended to place the question of authority at the heart of VET organization. With the beginning of the twentieth century, the initiated schooling process drove to the institutionalization of vocational courses, as a support for apprenticeship. The rise of workers’ conflictuality, the evolution of production et organization renewed the role to scientific and technical skills. Employers, willing to reinforce their leadership in the field of industrial relations, tried to limit the intervention of the state within VET. The apprenticeship levy was a remarkable example of such a resistance. The supply of workers training, both public and private, was reinforced in its functions by the metalworking employers. Institutional innovations remained weak until the tough developpement of accelerated vocational training in the late 1930s. The Second World War confirmed the interest of metalworking employers for a traning organization less squeezed into the standards of the ministry of National Education. Finally, after the Libération, the stateization of workers apprenticeship brought about the rallying of businesses to the schooling form
Neumann, Gonçalves Marguit. "Industrie localisée au Brésil : les arrangements productifs localisés (APL) de la métal-mécanique au Rio Grande do Sul/ Brésil." Thesis, Grenoble, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011GRENE006/document.
Full textThis thesis concerns the evolution and mutation suffered by three subsystems of agricultural machinery industry and agricultural implements in the south of Brazil by analyzing certain cultural characteristics of articulation of territory. The approach was the territorial dynamic. The aim was to identify the dynamic which exists in the creation of knowledge and technology produced outside the territory. In chapter 1 we studied the discussion about the local development of emerging countries, with the objective to show the pertinence of the marshallian literature to analyze the Brazilian reality with the experience of the Local Productive Arranges (APLs). In chapter 2 a wide range of factors were studied to the comprehension of the relation between industry and agriculture, with the development of the machinery and agricultural implements in the plateau region of “Rio Grande do Sul – RS” - Brazil. In Chapter 3, the aim was the study of the operation of three subsystems in the metal mechanical industry in relation to the strategy of the industries. In chapter 4, each subsystem was analyzed (pre harvest, harvest and postharvest) considering four key points: A) Organization of the subsystem: the different industries and the commercial associations of industry and agricultural and their relations; B) The technology of support for innovation; C) the job market; D) The recent evolution of development and productive specialization and the relations with the institutions responsible for this segment in Brazil (Sebrae and APLs) and the obstacles to the industry development in each subsystem). In this last chapter the common points of the three subsystems about the mutation and ruptures that the industry met and the analysis of the existing dynamic in each subsystem. So, in conclusion, it was found that in order to favor the local development, a follow up is more coherent to consider the specification and the needs of each territory in order to unite to the necessary conditions to favor the arise of the essential variables of a territory
Bronner, Claude. "Industries minières et métallurgiques de la vallée de la Romanche (1763-1914)." Grenoble 2, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005GRE29006.
Full textThe present research deals with the mineral an metallurgical industries in the Romanche valley, from the middle of the XVIIth century up to the beginning of the XXth century. The first part deals with the economical, technical and legislative parameters which have influenced industrial activities in France, and more particularly: engineer training, mineral and metallurgical techniques and the numerous improvements in the different ore transformation processes (coke processing, conversion of pig-iron and steel melting) evolution of the mineral and customs legislations, the different financial systems, the economic crisis from 1789 up to 1860, the subsistence crisis between 1817 and 1842. The 2d part is dedicated to: - the administration: lying advertising, corruption practice, scandals, unsubstantiated credits, conflicts between concessionaries. - the working conditions, the combustible used (charcoal), the means of transportation in Isère, the metallurgical factories of the Romanche valley: blast-furnaces and foundries. - the staff: workmen (employment, salaries, time-tables, accomodation, food, medical service, accidents, religious observances, transgressions of mining laws, larcenies and repressions), engineers (citizenship, training, activities in the public or private sector). The 3d part deals with the Belledonne and Oisans concessions: technical, economical and/or political difficulties encountered, productions (lead, copper, zinc, gold, silver, iron), working charges, salaries, supply costs. The informations gathered in the present work may be used in order to develop memory places in the old mining or industrial villages in the Romanche valley
Maisonnette, Daniel. "Influences mécaniques et métallurgiques de procédés haute température sur un alliage d'aluminium 6061-T6." Lyon, INSA, 2010. http://theses.insa-lyon.fr/publication/2010ISAL0006/these.pdf.
Full textThe thesis work is part of the actions of early qualification of a pressure vessel in the RJH (Jules Horowitz Reactor). This vessel is made of aluminium alloy 6061-T6. This is an age hardening allow whose mechanical properties are closely related to the precipitation state in the material. Tensile tests were used to measure the evolution of the mechanical properties of the material previously subjected to thermal loading representative of an electron beam welding operation (EB welding). Tests were conducted at room temperature and at high temperature. Then metallurgical observations by small Angle Neutron Scattering (SANS) and by Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) gave the size and the volume fraction of precipitates. The results of these campaigns improved our understanding of the mechanical properties and evolution with thermal history. Furthermore, these experiments were used to develop a metallurgical model to forecast the characteristics of the precipitation state. A model was linked to a hardening model for the calculation of the yield strength of the material after various thermal loading. A phenomenological mechanical model was also developed to represent the behaviour of a structure subjected to thermal loading
Mirochnitchenko, Katia. "Le temps de travail dans la métallurgie : configuration de branche, stratégie des acteurs et coordination des entreprises." Aix-Marseille 2, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999AIX24003.
Full textVincent, Yannick. "Simulation numérique des conséquences métallurgiques et mécaniques induites par une opération de soudage : acier 16MND5." Lyon, INSA, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002ISAL0024.
Full textThis work carries on the modeling of thermal metallurgical and mechanical phenomena which take place in the heat affected zone during welding. It relates more especially to the analysis the development and the validation of behaviour models incorporating the phase transformation in solid state. Studies are performed on carbon manganese steel (16MND5 in AFNOR norm). The experimental analyses are performed on analytical examples, of increasing difficulties going from a uniaxial behaviour until a three-dimensional cyclic one. The numerical simulations, in conformity with the test carried out, are performed with the SYSWELD® (E. S. I) software. The comparative analyses provide a global agreement on the ability of numerical codes used to describe the structural behaviour in the par1icular cases considered. This study allow to test the thermo-rnetallurgical and thermo-mechanical models, to determine the influence of the various phenomena to take into account such as : the TIP (plasticity induced transformation), the possible recovery of strain hardening of the mother phase and the classical elastoplastic behaviour of mixtures of two different phases. . . One of the significant points resulting from the preceding analyses shows that the phenomena related to the viscosity cannot be neglected at high temperature. Therefore in the last part of this thesis, we present a generalization of the Leblond model for the plastic behavior of steels during phase transformations taking viscoplastic effects into account. The model presented rests on a micromechanical approach. This generalization is obtained by considering the yield stress of the phases as a function of the viscoplastic strain rate. The model presented has been implemented in the finite element software SYSWELD®. The numerical formulation has been achieved in such a way that plastic as well as viscoplastic phases can be considered. The first validations proposed are performed on the basis of unidimensional tests of type “Satoh”
Schiavi, Marcos. "La dynamique syndicale pendant les deux premiers gouvernements péronistes, 1946-1955 : le cas des industries métallurgique et textile dans la ville de Buenos Aires et ses alentours." Paris 8, 2012. http://octaviana.fr/document/168726203#?c=0&m=0&s=0&cv=0.
Full textThink the link between policy issue and social issuein Argentina assumes study the peronism in general and hisrelationship with the labor unions in particular. This relationship markedits origins and consolidation in power, then explained hissurvival during the years of political banishment, and finally, hisreturn to power in 1973. Even today, at the beginning of our century, this link is nodal in Argentina’s governance. This thesis intends to analyse this relationship through the dynamics oflabor unions, in particular its expression at the economic, organizational and political level. The analysis focuses on the first periodperonist (1946-1955), a moment when were forged the connectionsbetween peronism, justice and social welfare, which lasted for years inthe conscience of many workers. It places the focus onmetal and textile industries due to two reasons: first, theimportance of this industries and the size of the labor unions(more than one hundred thousand members each); second, that the fate of each of these branches of industry wasexpression of economics changes in the period. Finally, we have chosen the city of Buenos Aires and its surroundings because it was the largest area of industrial development during those years. The text is organized in a diachronic narrative, structuredinto four parts: the first covers the military government of the Revolución de Junio (1943-1946), the second explores the first thirty months ofperonist government (1946-1948), the third discusses the last three years, situation of economic crisis and industrial pax (1949-1951) and the fourth is devoted to the second term (1952-1955)
Sarre, Benjamin. "Influence du soudage laser Nd˸YAG sur les propriétés métallurgiques et mécaniques de l'alliage de titane TA6V." Thesis, Troyes, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018TROY0019.
Full textWelding operation consists of assembling two or more pieces to ensure the continuity of a structure. The resulting assembly may withstand mechanical loads. However, the welding operation modifies the state of materials. In other words, the metallurgical and mechanical behaviour of the latter is deeply affected. This work aims to better understand the influence of welding on the metallurgical and mechanical behavior of the Ti-6Al-4V titanium alloy. Comprehensive metallurgical analyses of the welded joint are carried out and reveal a sharp and strong microstructure gradient between the fusion zone and the base metal. Several residual stress fields are quantified by X-ray diffraction analyzes. Those residual stress fields are then compared with finite element simulations of the welding of a Ti-6Al-4V titanium alloy. The simulation are based on a weakly coupled model that accounts for temperature, stresses and phase transformations. The failure behaviour of the welded joint is studied. An overmatch was highlighted with mechanical tests. The fracture finally occurs in the base metal despite the presence of defects in the fusion zone. A Gurson-Tvergaard-Needleman approach is carried on. The mechanical parameters are quantified from mechanical tests on homogeneous samples of base metal and of a representative microstructure of the welded joint, which has been obtained from heat treatments. The model are in good agreement with mechanical tests
Awono, zinga Guy Grégoire. "Développement de l’industrie de transformation et usages de l’aluminium dans la vie quotidienne au Cameroun (1957-2003)." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015SACLE004/document.
Full textThe completion of the construction of the hydroelectric dam with a capacity of 20 000 kW, capable of producing annually 150 million kWh on the Sanaga River in the town of Edea in Cameroon in 1953, has promoted the development of industry aluminum in Cameroon. Indeed, the French aluminum producer of Pechiney Ugine Kuhlmann group (PUK) had decided to use the water resources of Cameroon for the production of raw metal. Initially aluminum PUK activities in Africa, is the creation ALUCAM to Edea in Cameroon in 1954 (start-up in 1957). Cameroon’s aluminum company (ALUCAM) whose main purpose was to produce primary aluminum, intended to be sold in international markets, mainly in France, gradually began to develop on site this metal. Therefore, with the creation in 1960 of Cameroonian society of aluminum processing called SOCATRAL, whose activities are specifically geared towards the production of objects for a wide public namely the corrugated sheets and the redemption in 1961 of a remanufacturer specializing in manufacturing household items, called Bassa aluminum (ALUBASSA), aluminum becomes either an import object, but rather one of the metals involved today as directly as possible in the lives of all days. With the creation of the company's primary aluminum in Cameroon SOCATRAL, which manufactures aluminum sheet, the aluminum considerably replaces the local cover materials: straw, raffia leaves, galvanized steel sheet. But household goods do not know the same success as the aluminum sheets especially the aluminum pots. Users consider them very light and unsuited. These pots do not resist to wood fires. They prefer pots manufactured with recovery’s aluminum because they are adapted to local cooking practices and they are heat resistant despite the danger that these pot, made of artisan way pose to people's health. Convinced of SOCATRAL and ALUBASSA results, ALUCAM and the french industrial aluminum producers of Pechiney’s group decide to make in other African States, an identical experience to that of Cameroon. Regarding innovation, the aluminum processing company can not convert because its industrial tools can not have other uses than that for which they were designed. The industrial level of the country does not promote the diversification of the aluminum applications. Morever, there is not sufficient market. The consequence is that, Since the beginning of the aluminum processing activities by the various business tranformation of aluminum in Cameroon, its products have remained the same
Paradis-Grenouillet, Sandrine. "Etudier les forêts métallurgiques : analyses dendro-anthracologiques et approches géohistoriques : exemple des forêts du mont Lozère et du Périgord-Limousin." Limoges, 2012. http://aurore.unilim.fr/theses/nxfile/default/4f2bc86e-9753-4e50-931c-80a03b1f2677/blobholder:0/2012LIMO2001.pdf.
Full textForests have always been at the heart of societal stakes, such as metallurgical activities, which consume a great quantity of wood. The latter have played an important role in the evolution of forests. Generally considered as “predators” of wooded areas, metallurgical activities can also be considered as “protectors” of forests, as a means of valorizing abandoned spaces. The relationships between metallurgical activities and forests are extremely complex and implicate numerous disciplines, with each discipline using specific documents and methods. Historical, geographical, archaeological or archaeobotanical, and paleo-environmental approaches enable us to evoke the question of « metallurgical forests ». This thesis addresses the question of “metallurgical forests” across these different disciplines and themes. By combining methodological and theoretical approaches, experimental initiatives and applications on privileged regional and historical contexts, new approaches are proposed to speak about the question of « metallurgical forests » in a transversal manner. Based on the study of historical documents coming from steel establishments of the Périgord-Limousin area and on the anthracological analysis of medieval charcoal platforms of Mont Lozère, this work offered the occasion to develop new approaches. The putting into place of ratios to evaluate the surfaces of coppices consumed based on the quantity of metal produced and the study of the Napoleonic cadastres enables us to evaluate the hold exerted by the steel activities on the forest cover. The experimental approach conducted on three charcoal burning sites enabled us to fine-tune and develop new methods for recreating the diameter of wood which permitted us to envisage better the study of charcoal sylvofacies. This thesis, which takes a highly methodological approach, proposes today a new conception of the study of « metallurgical forests »
Batonneau, Yann. "Approche physico-chimique des pollutions atmosphériques engendrées par la production pyrométallurgique de plomb et de zinc." Lille 1, 2002. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/LIBRE/Th_Num/2002/50376-2002-141-142.pdf.
Full textAït, Amer Abdelaziz. "Broyage et séparation des matériaux polymériques sans fragilisation cryogénique : approche fractographique du réacteur de division et transposition des techniques métallurgiques de séparation." Montpellier 2, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997MON20130.
Full textDessolin, Carole. "Etude multi-expérimentale des évolutions métallurgiques en température et de leur incidence sur les propriétés mécaniques usuelles d'un acier inoxydable martensitique "APX4"." Phd thesis, Université de Bourgogne, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00621215.
Full textMuller, Laurent. "Internationalisation et stratégies technologiques des entreprises : diffusion, transfert et protection de technologies de l'ingénierie métallurgique." Littoral, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008DUNK0214.
Full textEuropean engineering companies for blast furnace technologies are increasingly challenged by competitors out of emerging countries. In reaction to this, European companies need to develop a specific strategic sales behaviour, which the author analyses, based on professional experience. Innovation, as a core element in that process is thus traded through “technology diffusions” where the transfer vehicle is the hardware and not the intellectual property rights. The reasons of such approach are analyzed where Europeans engineering companies put apart the traditional intellectual property protection models
Turque, Isabelle. "Effet de fortes teneurs en hydrogène sur les propriétés métallurgiques et mécaniques des gaines en alliage de zirconium après incursion à haute température." Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PSLEM066/document.
Full textUnder hypothetical loss-of-coolant accident conditions, fuel cladding tubes made of zirconium alloys can be exposed to steam at high temperature (up 1 200°C) before being cooled and then quenched in water. In some conditions, after burst occurrence the cladding can rapidly absorb a significant amount of hydrogen (secondary hydriding), up to 3 000wt.ppm locally, during steam exposition at HT.The study deals with the effect, poorly studied up to date, of high contents of hydrogen on the metallurgical and mechanical properties of two zirconium alloys, Zircaloy-4 and M5®, during and after cooling from high temperatures, at which zirconium is in its β phase. A specific facility was developed to homogeneously charge in hydrogen up to ~3 000wt.mass. cladding tube samples of several centimeters in length. Phase transformations, chemical element partitioning and hydrogen precipitation during cooling from the β temperature domain of zirconium were studied by using several techniques, for the materials containing up to ~3 000wt.ppm of hydrogen in average: in-situ neutron diffraction upon cooling from 700°C, X-ray diffraction, µ-ERDA, EPMA and electron microscopy in particular. The results were compared to thermodynamic predictions. In order to study the effect of high hydrogen contents on the mechanical behavior of the (prior-)β phase of zirconium, axial tensile tests were performed à various temperatures between 20 and 700°C upon cooling from the β temperature domain, on samples with mean hydrogen contents up to ~3 000ppm-mass.The results show that metallurgical and mechanical properties of the (prior-)β phase of zirconium alloys strongly depend on temperature and hydrogen content
Rinaldi, Lionel. "L'entreprise Cocentall, un siècle d'adaptation permanente : les mutations d'une PME pour survivre et se développer." Strasbourg, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009STRA1072.
Full textHolz, Jean-Marc. "La Ruhr : crise, reconversion et dynamique régionale." Metz, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988METZ002L.
Full textThe purpose of this work is to study the crisis and reconversion of an old industrial region, the ruhr (west-germany), which suffers successive sectoral crisis since begin of sixties. Based on several sources (interviews, archives, unpublished informations) and using tradtionnal statistical methods (multiple regression analysis, cluster and factor analysis) the work gives therefore privilege to an approach based on the role of the main actors in this mutation : enterprises, the local and regional authorities (land nrw, towns), trade unions and several institutions. The first part describes the crisis and adaptatoin of the coal and steel industry. Coal profits by tradtionnal forms of federal assistance; since 1973 the federal energy policy reinforce the central role of the ruhr as national energy center of germany, what implicates a lot of spatial pro blems : new power-stations, struggle against pollution, new mobility of coal miners. . . ) The steel industry companies developp an independant strategy based on early diversification of the production, specialization of production units and employment cutting down. Social and spatial consequences (unemployment, emigration) are analysed. The second part deals with the public policies to break down the inherited mono-industrial structures : mobilisation of land, of capital, of 'human capital ; efforts to reinfor ce the attractivity of towns and region. Seems to be decisive in the success of this policy (great attention is given to local power and territorial reforms since the begin of XXe century). New forms of local development which associate unversity, small industry, regional banks and municipalities appears now. The industry itself developp its mutation based on innovation and a world-wide trading vitality. The mutation from a traditionnal big industry economy into an up-to-date and service industry still suffers from a lack of centrality, a dispersion of central functions in a multi-polarized space and the bad image of the region. Essen and Dortmund seems to have the best chances to fix the tertiary growth
Deleume, Julien. "Facteurs métallurgiques et mécaniques contrôlant l'amorçage de défauts de corrosion sous contrainte dans l'alliage 718 en milieu primaire des réacteurs à eau sous pression." Phd thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2007. http://oatao.univ-toulouse.fr/7676/1/deleume.pdf.
Full textÉluerd, Roland. "Le vocabulaire de la siderurgie francaise au xviiieme siecle. (1722-1812)." Paris 3, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990PA030071.
Full textIn xviiith century, the vocabulary of iron - much of it very old indeed - met the discoveries and innovations which gave birth to modern iron-and-steel industry. A historical survey of how writings about iron - both scientific and technical - were produced and read provides a backcloth for an in-depth analysis of the various names and treatments of iron, as well as the methods of production of pig iron, soft iron and steel. Such a perspective makes it possible to perceive each term in the wide variety of situations it was used in. It then becomes clear that the links between words, things, situations and history are so numerous and so strong that the emergence of such a vocabulary cannot be confined within the limits of language alone, even considered in its various uses. Consequently, a vocabulary cannot be called scientific and technical because of its linguistic formation and form, nor because of its links with scientific or technical objects. Like objects themselves, a vocabulary becomes scientific and technical through a variation of the everyday use of human speech. This pragmatic conception is clearly expounded by c. S. Peirce and l. Wittgenstein
Desmazes, Jean. "Contribution à la connaissance des processus d'automatisation des petites et moyennes entreprises." Poitiers, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993POIT4003.
Full textThiriet, Tony. "Traitement mécaniques et thermochimiques couplés sur acier inoxydable et alliage base nickel austénitiques." Thesis, Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010INPL064N/document.
Full textRecent scientific work has opened new fields of application to mechanical treatments such as shot blasting or peening. Indeed, it has been shown that this treatment, performed before a nitriding treatment on the surface of ferrous alloy, lowers processing temperatures and significantly increases the diffusion kinetics. We undertook to test this combination of mechanical and thermochemical treatments on stainless steels and nickel-based alloys. The mechanical treatments were done by Surface Mechanical Attrition Treatment (SMAT). This method is implemented in a box where metal or ceramic balls were introduced and set in motion by an ultrasound system in order to impact the surface of the pieces. The treated samples were then nitrided at low temperature by using a remote plasma. The comparison of the results obtained after nitriding treatments on mechanically treated samples and those not mechanically treated allows quantifying the effects of the combined treatments. Analyses by X-ray diffraction, microhardness measurement, observations by optical and scanning and transmission electron microscopy, texture analysis by EBSD (Electron Diffraction BackScatered) and measurement of nitrogen concentration profiles by SIMS (Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry) show the importance of the nature of the deformed layer
Dutot, Claire. "Contribution aux représentations de la fidélité des personnels à l'entreprise : éléments de convergence et de divergence entre ouvriers et employeurs ; le cas des ouvriers de deux industries métallurgiques du Pays de Retz." Poitiers, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004POIT4003.
Full textThis research aims to answer the following questions : how do employers represent to themselves the object "employee's fidelity to the firm" and what kind of convergences and divergences can one underline with a worker's population ? In order to answer these questions, several iterations between theory and practice were necessary. In spite of the stakes which the fidelity of employees represent for the company, some paradoxes appear. The employee sees himself, but is also seen, like employable and could be tempted to adopt a wandering behaviour. After having studied authors in finance, social law and marketing which frequently use the concept of fidelity, a definition of fidelity is suggested. Its polymorphism engages to study it under the angle of social representations. Assumptions as for certain dimensions of the representation of the employeee's fidelity are then put forth. They result from the literature as well as from a first qualitative phase and place confidence and engagement at the core of the representation. In order to test the assumptions in the second phase of research, several methods of collection of data were necessary : study of internal secondary data from two metallurgical industries and distribution of a questionnaire near their worker's population. In fine, the representations of the employers can be interpreted according to two types of relations between employers and employees : a transactional relation and a "relational " relation. It is then in the balance between these two kinds of relations that fidelity lasts beyond the rupture of the employment contract, in particular thanks to the reciprocal relation of confidence. With regard to the convergences and divergences between employers and workers, the principal convergence is due to the core of the representation : confidence characterizes the behaviour of fidelity. Divergences are noted in terms of tools likely to support the fidelity of the workers (for instance : wage) but also regards their fidelity behaviour
Fraboulet, Danièle. "Entreprises et Occupation : la métallurgie dionysienne : 1937-1947." Paris, EHESS, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995EHES0013.
Full textThis thesis deals with the life of metallurgical factories during world war ii. I limited my investigation to the saint-denis area as it is the most important town in the seine department. I delineated two directions of study, on the one hand, defining the specificity of the period on which french and german joint supervision left their imprint and, on the other hand, trying to assess the adaptability of the factories which had to deal with the shock of falling under that rule. My field of investigation includes metallurgy in the broadest sense of the term (ranging from equipment repair plants to heavy metallurgy via electrical construction) because of the prominent role it played in the german war economy and because it involves a large section of the working class of the Paris suburbs. My analysis of industrial, commercial and financial changes is based on the study of balance sheets and boards of director's reports. The study of the labor force is based on archives which, up to this point have been either scarcely examined or have remained untouched. By processing the data from 4 000 of the ccm sulzer workers' wage files, i was able to assess not only staff management policies and changes in the labor market situation but also the reactions of sulzer employees when confronted with requisitions, frozen wages and rationning. The war situation weighed heavily on the various companies, upsetting previously established situations, their sense of security and defined new labor relations. However, elements of continuity prevailed, if only in the short term and the war situation did not bring a reduction of the area's industrial network. Management, whether at local or regional level was
Vogrig, Raphaël. "Intégration d'un capteur multi-fonctionnel de vision dans un îlot de fabrication de pièces mécaniques : aspects méthodologiques et réalisationnels." Nancy 1, 1990. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/SCD_T_1990_0178_VOGRIG.pdf.
Full textTizaoui, Hamadi. "Les industries de montage automobile en Tunisie : y compris la fabrication de pièces détachées et de composantes : étude de géographie économique." Tours, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997TOURA001.
Full textCamizuli, Estelle. "Impact des anciens sites miniers et métallurgiques sur les écosystèmes terrestre et aquatique actuels : étude comparative des deux moyennes montagnes : le Morvan et les Cévennes." Thesis, Dijon, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013DIJOL035/document.
Full textThe Morvan and the Cevennes Massifs are nowadays protected for their outstanding landscape and biodiversity. However since Prehistory, these regions experienced mining and smelting activities. Because of remnant properties, locating these ancient sites is capital and then impact on fauna and flora must be estimated. This present work is based in on a pluridisciplinary approach combining archeology, geochemistry, ecology and ecotoxicology. Statistical methods, from modern prospection technique, have been applied in order to delineate geochemical anomalies, potentially due to mining exploitation and thus facilitate the archeological prospection. Spatial distribution maps of trace metals were built on six sites (three in each park). Biodisponibility was assessed thanks to the analyses of wood mice, trout and bryophytes. Even if it seems that most of these elements belong to the non-extractible fraction of soil, the remaining bioavailable trace metals can be detected in the bioindicators. A negative relationship between Pb concentrations in animals and their body condition indices was found, and in some cases developmental instability was higher, suggesting deleterious effect on current wildlife. As a consequence, the impact of past mining and smelting works is still traceable in ecosystems. For this reason, these sites should be monitored, particularly in protected areas thought to be relatively free of anthropogenic contamination
Cuq, Bernard. "Mise en forme et caractérisation de biomatériaux à base de protéines myofibrillaires." Montpellier 2, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996MON20040.
Full textN'godioh, Baoukak. "Adaptation de la formation à l'évolution technologique : étude de l'utilisation des CAP, BEP dans les PME du secteur de la mécanique." Toulouse 2, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989TOU20008.
Full textThe progress made in the socio-economic field can be characterized in the seventies by a tendancy to generalyse computing, automation and the robotisation in the pme where the numerycally controlled machine tool is the dominant aspect. The development of these automatisms concerns the limited pme originating from continual production. These new forms of work organization are tending to suppress fundamental principles of taylorism and fordism. The consequences of these changes in the work organization particularly affect those workers qualified as cap - bep. This category represents 35 to 38 per cent of the french working population, at the same time they are the most vulnerable stratum with respect to the rise of unem- ployment. The development of automation poses a twofold problem to the training- system. : a) the heads of industries hail from a little elevated technical culture b) the pme's lade competent personnel able to assure the production. The term training signifies that for the professional worker's jobs the problem mainly is a problem of the specific basic training (mechanical, electronic, auto- matism. . . ). For the process of transformation of qualifications the pme regain the internal mobility. This process represents both a contraint and a means. The bts profile seems to be the best-adapted to technical innovations in the pmes
Abdillahi, Houssein. "Propriétes barrière et mécaniques d'agromatériaux thermoplastiques à base de farine de blé et de polyesters biosources et biodégradables." Thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014INPT0027.
Full textFrom basic and essential to unnecessary and optional consumer products, packaging, particularly plastic, is today an indispensable part of our daily life. Its extensive use in the food industry for a single use and for a short shelf-life encourages us today to move towards new renewable and biodegradable materials with similar characteristics than their counterparts from fossil resources. Biopolymers and biopolyesters blends can be a good alternative. Within the framework of this present work, wheat flour, thermoplasticised by glycerol and water, and biobased and biodegradable polyesters such as PLA and/or PHB, were blended using an industrial twin screw extruder and were injection-molded into thermoplastic materials. Thermal, dynamic thermomechanical, morphological, mechanical and barriers properties of these new materials were studied. Citric acid was used as a compatibilizer to improve the interface starch/PLA. The different investigations have allowed us to develop various types of formulations, with mechanical characteristics and barrier properties to water vapor, very attractive for manufacturing plastic food packaging which can be used for meats or cheeses. Food contact suitability and biodegradability of thermoplasticised wheat flour/polyester materials have also studied
Vindt, Gérard. "Histoire sociale d'une entreprise : la compagnie Péchiney, 1921-1973." Paris 10, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA100109.
Full textSlimani, Ali. "Développement d'une méthodologie de caractérisation à haute température des alliages métalliques par micro-indentation." Compiègne, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012COMP2001.
Full textIndentation technique has been used extensively to measure the elastic modulus and hardness of materials. Lt has been instrumented and used successfully to identify other mechanical properties at room temperature. However the extension of this technique for characterization at high temperature is in its beginning. The main goal of my thesis is to characterize cast aluminum alloys using microindentation test at different temperatures. Ln addition to the quantities measured directly from indentation test such as Young modulus and hardness, we also determined the characteristic parameters like work hardening and viscoplasticity parameters at different temperatures. Ln this work, the high temperature indentation tests are combined with inverse analysis to calibrate the constitutive model parameters. Welding is one of the most important metal-joining processes used in diverse industries. However, the very concentrated heat in fusion welding, leads to a local dilatation and metallurgical phase transformation that generate inhomogeneous plastic deformation and residual stresses in the welded parts which can be a source of cracking and fracture problems in welded structures. Ln this study we use the micro indentation technique at different temperature which is a powerful tool to characterise the mechanical properties of a welded bond. The aim of this part is to characterize the differences of the mechanical properties of the different zones of the weld
Kaba, Arnaud. "Les maîtres du fer : des ouvriers métallurgistes de Bhopal et de leur confrontation avec l’incertitude." Thesis, Paris, EHESS, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018EHES0001/document.
Full textThis doctoral thesis starts with the study of the social space of two groups of metal workers in Bhopal. The first one is made of Muslim inhabitants of the polluted neighborhoods which have been contaminated following the 1984 industrial disaster who work in the Old City’s metal workshops. The other one in made of a majority of Hindus coming from the rural hinterland, sometimes from distant villages, and hired in the flyover construction yards in and around Bhopal. Both are working in the informal sector, and experiment uncertain conditions of employment. By exploring their relationships outside of work it describes the way their social relations and their collective representations are constructing themselves. It also shows how the confronting with uncertainty and their relationship to work are interacting with these social constructs. It shifts then its focus to the relationships on the shop floor, the nature of the labour and domination relationships and it shows that the workers have many margins of negotiation, in spite of an important resurgence of paternalistic structures combined with weak empirical protections. Then, the thesis makes an ethnography of the techniques and the body commitment involved in the labour process in order to unveil ideologies of labour which constitute the core of a value system which allows to legitimate the hierarchical positions but also to contest it, and allows a social mobility based on skills. But this system is also threatened by the uncertainty of these cultures of mètis in a technological environment which experiments a deep technological mutation and a social context where the valorization of the academic education becomes more and more hegemonic
Passaqui, Jean-Philippe. "Intégration vers l'amont, politique d'approvisionnement en matières premières minérales et combustibles fossiles solides, au sein des établissements Schneider et Cie du Creusot, de 1836 à 1946." Dijon, 2001. http://books.openedition.org/pur/21322.
Full textTer-Onvanessian, Benoît. "Etude comparative de différents superalliages base Ni pour ressorts de systèmes de maintien." Thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011INPT0021/document.
Full textHold-down systems used in the fuel assembly of Nuclear Pressurized Water Reactor (PWR) are constituted by stiff springs. The role of the hold-down springs is to ensure the bond between the fuel assembly and the lower plate of the intern structure of the core, thus holding down the assembly on the bottom plate of the reactor, during all the exploitation and maintenance periods. Nowadays, alloy 718 is the constitutive material of these hold-down springs. Its properties in terms of mechanical behaviour, corrosion resistance… fill in the specifications required for such application in the present service conditions. However, in order to improve the common efficiency of fuel assemblies, the upgrading of their design as well as the use of new materials are advocated by the nuclear power plant company, AREVA. Though other Ni-base superalloys known for their good behaviour under neutronic radiation can be proposed as new materials, those superalloys must fill in all the application specifications in order to substitute alloy 718. So, sufficient mechanical properties, good resistance to Stress Corrosion Cracking (SCC) and good resistance to Hydrogen Embrittlement (HE) are also required to allow the replacement. All of these properties are carefully studied with the double aim to characterize and compare different superalloys, and to determine key parameters governing the SCC and HE behaviours of such alloys in primary water of PWR
Huet, Briagell. "De l'influence des matières premières lithiques sur les comportements techno-économiques au Paléolithique moyen : l'exemple du Massif armoricain (France)." Phd thesis, Université Rennes 1, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00147396.
Full textLes résultats de cette étude mettent en évidence les réponses adaptatives opérées au niveau des modalités d'exploitation de ces matières premières et de la gestion de leurs produits. Ils permettent ainsi de préciser l'influence des matières premières sur la production lithique.
Ce travail contribue à une meilleure connaissance des comportements techniques et économiques de populations néandertaliennes, tout en alimentant le débat sur la variabilité des industries lithiques au Paléolithique moyen.
Renaux, Thierry. "L'aluminium au XIXe siècle. Une industrie aux pieds d'argile, entre chimie et métallurgie (1854-1890)." Thesis, Paris, EHESS, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017EHES0151.
Full textThis study analyses the first age of aluminium, when this metal was rare and semi-precious, during the 19th Century. The French chemist Henri Sainte-Claire Deville obtained it pure in 1854. So ended the works of European Scientists on the decomposition of the earths, aiming for the extraction of aluminium from its oxide. Over the following years, H. Deville launched himself in the industrial production of this metal and, in 1860, a balance was found: the metal was produced in Salindres, by Henry Merle et Cie (future Pechiney), then fabricated and commercialised in Nanterre, by Paul Morin et Cie and its successor, the Société anonyme de l’aluminium. During 35 years, this metal was exclusively produced by the Deville’s chemical process. Rivalries were rare and short-lived until the 1880’s, when the development of electrolytical processes overthrew Deville’s process.The main challenge of the pioneers was to give aluminium a place among other materials. Its production rate was low and its uses, limited (scientific instruments, “aluminiumsmithery”, etc.). However, the metal aroused interest and competition appeared. Innovation was at the core of this first aluminium industry. Paradoxaly, the new chemical activity was not based on aluminium but on its oxide, alumina, which is indispensable for the production of metal from the earth. This thesis aims to understand how a new metal had taken place in the society, in its habits and customs (science, industry, uses, collective imagination)
Prati, Bruno. "" La Fonte ardennaise " et ses marchés : Histoire d'une PME familiale dans un secteur en déclin (1926-1999)." Phd thesis, Université de Franche-Comté, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00940589.
Full textGodot, Xavier. "Interactions Projet/Données lors de la conception de produits multi-technologiques en contexte collaboratif." Thesis, Paris, ENSAM, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013ENAM0024/document.
Full textAs an industrial point of view, product design activity answer to firmsdevelopment needs. This activity requires a lot of heterogeneous knowledge and skills, whichhave to converge towards a common goal: describe a product meeting the market needs.Consequently, there are many interactions between the firm, its market and the design activity.Therefore, a development project must take into account specifications and constraints of eachelement. The goal of this PhD is to define a generic methodological framework allowing to builtand control a product design project depending on the firm development goals and its ownresources. For this, it is important to include many technical factors (such innovation, multitechnologicalproducts and numerical data specificities) but also economical and financialfactors (as the difficult competitive environment or limited financial resources). All theseheterogeneous parameters involve a global approach of the problem. That is why a two-stageresearch approach is applied to build this framework. In the first stage, a conceptual diagram isdesigned using items coming from the company goals, its market and design activity.Interactions and behavior of all these items are deduced from this conceptual diagram. Theseresults are formalized through a generic process. This last one is finally applied to severalexamples from SME working in the mechanical field
Blondet, Gaëtan. "Système à base de connaissances pour le processus de plan d'expériences numériques." Thesis, Compiègne, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017COMP2363/document.
Full textIn order to improve industrial competitiveness, product design relies more and more on numerical tools, such as numerical simulation, to develop better and cheaper products faster. Numerical Design of Experiments (NDOE) are more and more used to include variabilities during simulation processes, to design more robust, reliable and optimized product earlier in the product development process. Nevertheless, a NDOE process may be too expensive to be applied to a complex product, because of the high computational cost of the model and the high number of required experiments. Several methods exist to decrease this computational cost, but they required expert knowledge to be efficiently applied. In addition to that, NDoE process produces a large amount of data which must be managed. The aim of this research is to propose a solution to define, as fast as possible, an efficient NDoE process, which produce as much useful information as possible with a minimal number of simulations, for complex products. The objective is to shorten both process definition and execution steps. A knowledge-based system is proposed, based on a specific ontology and a bayesian network, to capitalise, share and reuse knowledge and data to predict the best NDoE process definition regarding to a new product. This system is validated on a product from automotive industry
Garza, Elizondo Guillermo Hernan. "Effect of Ni, Mn, Zr and Sc additions on the performance of Al-Si-Cu-Mg alloys." Thèse, 2016. http://constellation.uqac.ca/4050/1/GarzaElizondo_uqac_0862D_10236.pdf.
Full textFraser, Kirk. "Robust and efficient meshfree solid thermo-mechanics simulation of friction stir welding." Thèse, 2017. http://constellation.uqac.ca/4246/1/Fraser_uqac_0862D_10345.pdf.
Full textAhoutou, Yao. "Détermination du niveau de brai dans une anode crue par analyse d’images." Thèse, 2017. http://constellation.uqac.ca/4238/1/Ahoutou_uqac_0862N_10333.pdf.
Full textLarouche, Ursula. "Entre le développement durable et l’acceptabilité sociale : pour une éthique de la gestion des ressources naturelles : le cas d’Arianne Phosphate inc." Thèse, 2016. http://constellation.uqac.ca/4155/1/Larouche_uqac_0862N_10314.pdf.
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