Relevant bibliographies by topics / Inert material

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  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
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Academic literature on the topic 'Inert material'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 18 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Inert material"

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Lu, Fu-Hsing, Martin L. Newhouse, Rüdiger Dieckmann, and Jie Xue. "Platinum-a non-inert material reacting with oxides." Solid State Ionics 75 (January 1995): 187–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0167-2738(94)00147-k.

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Karampatsou, G., Th Markopoulos, E. Repouskou, and G. Triantafyllou. "Minerological and physico-chemical properties of the building materials of Koule castle, Heraklion, Crete." Bulletin of the Geological Society of Greece 47, no. 1 (September 5, 2013): 383. http://dx.doi.org/10.12681/bgsg.11013.

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This study was designed to determine the physical and technical characteristics of the building stones and mortars of the Koule Castle Heraklion, in order to use compatible materials in future restoration works. Five core samples of rocks and masonry mortars have been extracted from different parts of the monument. Both mortar and rock samples have been studied by optical microscopy and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Their morphological characteristics, granulometry and mineralogical composition have been determined. In the old mortars a thermogravimetric analysis was carried out, while mortar samples have also been studied by scanning electron microscopy. The building stones of Koule Castle are in their majority biomicritic breccia limestones and bioclastic limestones. The binder of the studied mortars consists of calcite, as a result of the lime carbonation. The inert material of the mortars consists mainly of calcite and secondarily of quartz. The inert to binder material ratio was determined by volume from 1/0,96 to 2,6 /1. In conclusion, the mortars to be used in future restoration works, should consist of compatible materials to the old mortars. The inert materials of the mortars should consist of quartz (70%) and secondarily of calcite (30%) and the binder of hydraulic lime NHL 3.5, in an inert material/ binder ratio of 2,5 /1, in order to protect the mortars against marine corrosion.
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Yang, Chau-Ping. "Composition of demolition wastes from Chi-Chi earthquake-damaged structures and the properties of their inert materials." Canadian Geotechnical Journal 46, no. 4 (April 2009): 470–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/t08-131.

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The disastrous Chi-Chi earthquake struck Taiwan on 21 September 1999 and resulted in the creation of more than 20 million cubic metres of demolition waste, which was stored temporarily at several sites. To reduce the site clearing costs, the inert materials (concrete, brick, pottery, and fines) in the wastes should be reclaimed and recycled immediately; but most of their properties were not known. Therefore, this study investigates the properties of demolition wastes, including inert materials, coarse portions, and fines obtained from two earthquake demolition waste storage sites (Puli and Tali) and one normal urban construction waste storage site (Taichung). It is found that the volumetric content of inert materials from earthquake demolition waste is about 96%. Such inert material is classified as having an excellent subgrade rating and can be reused as subbase and base soils. The abrasion level of the coarse portions of inert materials from the three sites meets the required level of coarse aggregate according to Standard Taiwan Code CNS-490. On the other hand, the maximum dry unit weights of fines of inert materials from the three sites are greater than 14.7 kN/m3, and their shear strengths are higher than that of the same classification group (SW–SM) of natural soils, so they can be reused as construction soils.
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SALEH, ROSARI, LUSITRA MUNISA, and WOLFHARD BEYER. "INFRARED AND HYDROGEN EFFUSION STUDIES OF AMORPHOUS SILICON CARBON (a-Si:C:H) FILMS PREPARED BY DC MAGNETRON SPUTTERING (DCMS)." International Journal of Modern Physics B 16, no. 06n07 (March 20, 2002): 1110–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979202010956.

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Infrared and effusion of hydrogen, as well as of the inert gases, were studied for dc magnetron sputtered a-Si:C:H films. A structural transition from compact to void-rich material is observed and attributed to hydrogen-induced void formation. Inert gas atoms were incorporated into the material by ion implantation. It is shown that the inert gas effusion spectra give the information about sizes of microstructure.
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Jarosz, P., and S. Małecki. "Kinetics of the Fluidised Oxidation of Zinc Sulphide Concentrates with an Addition of Inert Materials/ Kinetyka Fluidalnego Utleniania Siarczkowych Koncentratów Cynku Z Dodatkiem Materiałów Obojętnych." Archives of Metallurgy and Materials 59, no. 4 (December 1, 2014): 1367–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/amm-2014-0233.

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Abstract This paper presents the results of the kinetic studies of the zinc sulfide concentrate oxidation with the addition of inert, ZnO-containing materials. It was observed that about 15% of zinc oxide addition, obtained from steelmaking dust, improves the rate and maximum degree of oxidation of the concentrate. Kinetic equations of the process were determined, and the activation energy for various additions of inert material was calculated
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Chen, Chun-Yu, Jong-Hwa Shiuan, and I.-Feng Lan. "Design of an Inert Material Type Plane Wave Generator." Propellants, Explosives, Pyrotechnics 18, no. 3 (June 1993): 139–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prep.19930180305.

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Comissiong, D. M. G., L. K. Gross, and V. A. Volpert. "Frontal Polymerization in the Presence of an Inert Material." Journal of Engineering Mathematics 54, no. 4 (February 21, 2006): 389–402. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10665-005-9028-8.

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Lyamin, G. A., and A. V. Pinaev. "Combustion regimes for gases in an inert porous material." Combustion, Explosion, and Shock Waves 22, no. 5 (1987): 553–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00755524.

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Pezzi, L., Pier Antonio De Luca, D. Vuono, F. Chiappetta, and Alfonso Nastro. "Concrete Products with Waste's Plastic Material (Bottle, Glass, Plate)." Materials Science Forum 514-516 (May 2006): 1753–0. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.514-516.1753.

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Plastic material is not easily biodegradable even after a long period, in fact a wide variety of waste materials can be utilized as inert in matrix cement. In this paper we have focused the attention on the use of plastic material particles incorporated as aggregate in concrete and we have evaluated the chemical, physical and mechanical properties
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Liu, Yi Han, Hua Wei Sun, and Wei Wei. "Study on the Characteristic and Effect of the Nickel Ferrite Spinel Cermet as Al Electrolysis Inert Anode." Materials Science Forum 690 (June 2011): 433–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.690.433.

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Inert anode or non-consume anode possesses more advantages than traditional carbon anode in Al electrolysis. Because it does not consume during electrolysis, the inert anode can maintain its dimension; and this will led to the Al electrolysis easy to operate and administrate. Especially, the inert anode does not emit the carbon dioxide during the Al production, owing to its not consuming, and this has made the inert anode become one of the highlights in Al electrolysis industry. Unfortunately, up till now, there is no any material can endure the erosion of cryolite molten salt, keep its good electrolytic conductivity and be agreeable in price. In this paper, a cermet material composed of 85% nickel ferrite spinel and 15% metallic Ag has been studied, aim at exploring a kind of material which can be used as Al electrolysis inert anode. The works mainly focus on improving the boundary and microstructure between the metallic Ag and the nickel ferrite spinel interface. The practice test of this cermet material being used as Al electrolysis anode has been done in small laboratory scale, and its effect is quite better. We can draw the conclusion that the characteristic such as the conductivity, corrosion resistance and hot shock property of the cermet material can be greatly improved to meet the requirement of Al electrolysis by means of optimizing the spinel/metal interface, and once we settle the technique of fabricating this kind of anode to enough dimension, can we use this kind of material as inert anode in Al electrolysis industry to reduce the gas emission of carbon dioxide.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Inert material"

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Bradley, Gareth Richard. "Fatigue properties of metal inert gas and friction stir welded aluminium alloy 5383-H321." Thesis, University of Plymouth, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10026.1/2359.

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The following dissertation details the development of a simple defect-tolerant based model for determining the fatigue properties of a 5383-H321 aluminium alloy and metal inert gas and friction stir welded butt joints in the same alloy. The model considers the fatigue life to consist of three regimes, crack initiation and short and long crack growth, in contrast to the typical defect-tolerant approaches which only consider the long crack growth period. Crack initiation was considered to consist of an initial short crack, present prior to fatigue loading, identical in length to the crack initiator. The short crack growth rate was considered to be a function of the crack length and stress amplitude, whilst the long crack growth regime was described through the Paris equation, dcldN = C(AK)m. The model also considers the effect on the crack initiation and growth rates of the microstructure, macrostructure and residual stresses, with the latter being determined both through the conventional hole-drilling approach and the emerging technique of synchrotron strain scanning. The accuracy of the model was verified through integration of the short and long crack growth regimes, with the predicted lifespan being compared to results obtained from S-N testing of identical welded specimens. A good correlation between the experimental and theoretical results was observed for the parent material and friction stir welded joints for lives in the region 105-106 cycles, although the approach, in its current format, appeared less suitable for determining the fatigue properties of the MIG welded joints. 2
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Andersson, Oskar. "Avskiljning av inert material från avfallsbränsle : En fältstudie av förbättrad RDF-produktion på bränsleberedningen i Västerås." Thesis, Mälardalens högskola, Akademin för ekonomi, samhälle och teknik, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-35780.

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Samtidigt som världens energiproduktion till stor del baseras på förbränning av fossila bränslen behandlas enorma mängder avfall genom deponering. Ökad energiåtervinning av avfall kan bidra till att minska världens utsläpp av växthusgaser. Då avfall bör ses som en resurs är det dock viktigt med en effektiv energiåtervinning. Förbränning i fluidbäddspanna möjliggör god förbränning och hög verkningsgrad men kräver ett finfördelat avfall med lågt innehåll av inert (icke brännbart) material, så kallat RDF. Därför behöver avfallet beredas innan förbränning. En effektiv och välfungerande beredning av avfallsbränsle möjliggör resurseffektiv avfallshantering av utsorterade fraktioner samt effektiv förbränning genom hög bränslekvalitet. Mälarenergis panna 6 på kraftvärmeverket i Västerås är en avfallseldad CFB-panna med bränsleeffekt på omkring 170 MW, vilket motsvarar omkring 50 ton avfall per timme. På den tillhörande bränsleberedningen produceras avfallsbränsle, RDF, i tre beredningslinjer genom att avfallet krossas och olika typer av inert material avskiljs och bildar rejekt från anläggningen.  Magnetisk metall avskiljs med magnetavskiljare, icke-magnetisk metall avskiljs med virvelströmsavskiljare och en tungfraktion bestående av bland annat sten och glas avskiljs med vindsikt. Kvaliteten på avskiljningen är dock bristfällig vilket leder till högt innehåll av inert material i bränslet och högt innehåll av brännbart material i de avskilda fraktionerna. Dessa två problem orsakar kostnader och miljöpåverkan som skulle kunna minskas. Syftet med detta examensarbete var att undersöka vilka faktorer som påverkar avskiljningen av inert material från avfallsbränsle för förbränning i fluidbäddspanna samt ge förslag på åtgärder som kan leda till förbättrad avskiljning. Detta har undersökts genom en fältstudie på den aktuella bränsleberedningen. För att insamla kunskap om bränsleberedningsprocessen och problembilden genomfördes en kartläggning av avskiljningen. Utifrån detta identifierades faktorer som kan påverka avskiljningen. För att ytterligare undersöka vad som påverkar avskiljningsprocessen genomfördes ett antal provtagningar av avskiljningen. En anpassad metod för provtagning av kvaliteten på avskiljningen genom plockanalys togs fram. Sammanlagt genomfördes nio provtagningar under olika förutsättningar. En ny typ av vindsikt testades också för att undersöka hur en investering skulle kunna förbättra avskiljningen. Vindsikten testades utifrån två alternativ av placering. Utifrån resultatet av kartläggningen identifierades fem faktorer som tros påverka avskiljningen. Dessa faktorer är det inkommande avfallet och dess egenskaper, materialflödets storlek genom produktionslinjen, ojämnt materialflöde genom magnetavskiljaren, tillbakakastande turbulens i vindsikten och fastnande material på spjället i vindsikten. Resultatet från de genomförda provtagningarna av kvaliteten på avskiljningen bekräftar att det inkommande avfallet samt materialflödets storlek genom produktionslinjen tros ha stor påverkan på samtliga avskiljare. Då den nya typen av vindsikt testades för att placeras i beredningslinjen visades ingen utmärkande förbättring jämfört med de befintliga vindsiktarna. Då den testades som andra steget i en två-stegs vindsiktning visade däremot resultatet potential att uppnå förbättrad avskiljning. Resultatet visade att två-stegs vindsiktningen har potential att minska mängden tungfraktionsrejekt med cirka 30 – 50 %. Det inerta innehållet i utgående lättfraktion var dock 6 – 8 % vilket motsvarar en höjning av det inerta innehållet i den totala mängden RDF på cirka 0,5 procentenheter. Dock medför en två-stegs vindsiktning att mer material kan siktas ut i vindsiktarna i beredningslinjerna vilket därmed skulle kunna ge en minskning av den totala mängden inert material i RDF. Som slutsats dras att investeringen i ny vindsikt för att skapa en två-stegs vindsiktning skulle kunna ge förbättrad avskiljning. Den nya vindsikten kan med fördel efterföljas av ytterligare avskiljning eftersom mängden inert material i RDF är relativt koncentrerat där. Dock bör en vidare utredning om kostnader och besparingspotential genomföras innan investeringen kan föreslås som åtgärd. Två typer av enklare konstruktioner föreslås för att åtgärda tre av de faktorer som identifierats. En konstruktion för att jämna ut materialflödet innan magnetavskiljaren samt en konstruktion för att förändra luftflödet i vindsikten. Att minska materialflödet genom linjerna föreslås som en viktig åtgärd för att förbättra avskiljningen. Detta kan åstadkommas genom att fördela RDF-produktionen så jämnt som möjligt på produktionslinjerna samt att sprida ut produktionen jämnt över tid. Detta kräver en mer aktiv planering av produktionen samt minimering av stopptider. En viktig slutsats som har dragits är att det inkommande avfallet varierar kraftigt och har stor inverkan på avskiljningsprocessen. En åtgärd som föreslås för att ge förbättrad avskiljning är att en regelbunden kontroll och variation av processen bör införas. Detta föreslås ske genom uttag och kontroll av RDF och rejekt från beredningslinjerna tillsammans med en bedömning av det inkommande avfallet. Informationen bör sedan ligga till grund för ett beslut om hur processen ska styras för att säkerställa en stabil kvalitet på avskiljningen.
Energy recovery of waste got huge potential of decreasing the greenhouse gas emissions in the world. Combustion in fluidized bed boilers gives high resource efficiency but demands a comminuted fuel with low content of inert (non-combustible) materials, a so called refuse derived fuel (RDF).  A well-functioning separation process as part of the RDF-production allows efficient combustion as well as efficient treatment of the separated materials. The purpose of this degree project is to investigate what factors that influences on the separation of inert material from waste for combustion in a fluidized bed boiler and how the separation can be improved. This is investigated through a field study of a fuel-preparation plant in Sweden. The separation process has been examined visually and by experiments based on sampling and manual sorting of waste fractions. The results show five factors that are assumed to influence on the sorting. Three of them are suggested to be solved by simple constructions. One factor that shows to have a great impact is the input waste to the process which is varying to a large extent. A measure that is suggested to give improved separation is a recurrent check of the RDF quality and the reject quality. Combined with information about the input waste this should be basis for recurrent adjustments of the plant to achieve a more stable quality of the separation output. Another measure that is suggested is to decrease the size of the material flow through the production line. This is suggested since the size of the flow is assumed to have an important impact on the separation. The decrease can be achieved by more evenly distribute the production over time and over the production lines. This will though require a more active planning of the production and minimization of production stops. As part of the work a new wind sifter has also been tested.  The wind sifter show good potential of improving the separation if it would be installed to create a two-step wind sifting. However, since the investment of a new wind sifter implies a high investment, a study of the costs and saving potential is required before the investment can be suggested as a measure.
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Gmitter, Andrew J. "The influence of inert anode material and electrolyte composition on the electrochemical production of oxygen from molten oxides." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/44211.

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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Materials Science and Engineering, 2008.
This electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 109-116).
Shifts in global and political climates have led industries worldwide to search for more environmentally sound processes that are still economically viable. The steel industry is studying the feasibility of molten oxide electrolysis, a novel process by which molten iron and gaseous oxygen are the products; no carbon dioxide is produced at the site of the electrolysis cell. The research presented in this thesis focuses on the anodic reaction and the preliminary development of an inert anode, as well as investigations into the mechanism of the oxygen evolution reaction. Various elements have been considered with the platinum group metals possessing the best combination of physical properties to serve as the inert anode. Cyclic voltammetry at 1575°C was used to compare the candidates. Iridium yielded the highest current density at a given overpotential followed by rhodium and platinum regardless of the composition of the electrolyte. Speculation as to metal oxide intermediate phases formed and mechanisms for the oxygen evolution reaction are discussed. Notably, the basicity of the molten aluminosilicate electrolyte was found to greatly influence the rate of oxygen gas evolution as evidenced by the linear dependence of the current density on optical basicity. This is crucial for the design of a full-scale electrolysis cell as improved kinetics of the anodic reaction will yield higher throughput and/or enhanced power efficiency. Combining our finding of the relationship between current density and basicity with previous authors' contributions on the effect of partial pressure of oxygen, we argue that to a first approximation, the magnitude of the current density is governed by the concentration of free oxide ions and by the partial pressure of oxygen in the headspace above the melt.
(cont.) Lastly, to, in part, address the disparate natures of the interests of steelmakers, glassmakers, geochemists, and electrochemists, the difficulties in performing electrochemical measurements at extremely high temperatures (~1600°C), and the absence of a comprehensive review of the last sixty years of work on oxygen evolution from molten silicates, this thesis is intended to serve as an essential guide for future work in this field.
by Andrew J. Gmitter.
S.M.
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Soares, Diego. "Estudo experimental da produção de fuligem em chamas laminares." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/141152.

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Sérios problemas ambientais têm origem em processos de combustão incompletos. Entre os produtos indesejados está a fuligem, considerada como um dos principais fatores da mudança climática observada nos último anos. Desta forma, ferramentas para diagnóstico da emissão de material particulado se fazem necessárias. Com o advento do laser, o desenvolvimento de técnicas óticas não intrusivas teve início. Dentre elas, destaca-se a técnica denominada incandescência induzida por laser (laser induced incandescence – LII), a qual pode gerar resultados resolvidos no espaço para a fração volumétrica de fuligem. Neste contexto, este trabalho apresenta um estudo experimental sobre a produção de fuligem em duas situações: na primeira, foram estudadas chamas laminares pré-misturadas de etileno e ar aplicando-se a técnica LII. Os resultados foram calibrados a partir da fração volumétrica de fuligem média empregando a técnica de extinção de luz, obtendo-se, então, resultados quantitativos espacialmente resolvidos da fração volumétrica de fuligem. A utilização de diferentes gases no escoamento anular também foi avaliada. A segunda situação abordada envolve o estudo de chamas laminares não pré-misturadas utilizando o gás natural como combustível. O impacto da diluição de inertes em diferentes proporções sobre a fração volumétrica de fuligem em diversas alturas da chama foi estudado por meio da técnica LII. Os resultados obtidos foram comparados à outros resultados presentes na literatura e servirão como validação de futuros modelos de formação de fuligem.
Serious environmental problems are assigned to incomplete combustion processes. Among the unwanted products, soot can be related as an important factor of climate changes observed in the last years. Thus, particulate material emissions diagnostic tools are necessary. Due the laser advent, the development of non-intrusive optical techniques was possible. One of the most importante technique is the laser induced incandescence, LII, which can generate spatially and temporally resolved results of soot volume fraction. In this context, an experimental study regarding the soot production was developed in two different situations: in the first one, premixed laminar flames of ethylene and air were investigated by applying the LII technique. The results were calibrated through the average of soot volume fraction results obtained by the light extinction technique. Therefore, it was possible to obtain quantitative results of spatially resolved soot volume fraction. Different gases employment at the annular flow were also evaluated. The second situation studied involves the analysis of natural gas laminar non-premixed flames. The impact of different inert gas dilution ratio on the soot volume fraction at different heights of the flame was evaluated by the LII technique. The results were compared to other authors and will serve as validation for future soot formation models.
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Riggs, Mark R. "TIG Welding of Nickel Titanium to 304 Stainless Steel." The Ohio State University, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1397607979.

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Hessling, Oscar. "Influence of Oxygen Partial Pressure on the Droplet Shape of Stainless Steel Using Levitated Droplet Method." Thesis, KTH, Materialvetenskap, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-199668.

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An induction setup for levitation studies of molten metals was built. The setup was used to levitate and heat stainless steel samples of 2.00 g to 1600 °C and subject them to different atmospheres. Changes in shape and temperature were recorded by video and infrared thermocouple. Oxide films forming on the droplets during levitation were observed. It was possible to notice an immediate surface reaction when the reaction gas was introduced. This reaction is concluded to influence the surface and bulk composition, and therefore have an effect on the shape evolution of the droplet. A more oxidizing atmosphere resulted in a more conical droplet shape; this is thought to be an effect of lowered surface tension and the conically shaped volumetric force caused by the magnetic field. Changes in temperature after the sample is molten are thought to be an effect of changes in emissivity, caused by surface oxidization. Post mortem analysis show a difference in surface morphology for samples subjected to different gases, as well as a difference in amount of oxidization.
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Meyer, Pauline. "Mécanismes de dégradation d’anode de type cermet pour la production d’aluminium." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017TOU30224.

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La thèse s’inscrit dans le cadre d’un projet de recherche visant à élaborer une anode permettant le dégagement d’oxygène en milieu de cryolithe fondue à 960°C et dont l’utilisation supprimerait les émissions de dioxyde de carbone du procédé de production d’aluminium Hall-Héroult. Le type d’anode envisagée est un composite Cermet (CERamique – METal), généralement constitué d’une phase métallique à base de nickel, cuivre et fer et d’une ou plusieurs phase(s) oxyde(s) conductrice(s) du type NixFe3-xO4 et Ni1-xFexO. Deux types de cermet, biphasé et triphasé, ont été étudiés dans le cadre de ce projet. L’objectif principal a été de comprendre les mécanismes de dégradation de telles anodes durant les électrolyses. Les cermets ont été testés sous une densité de courant de 0,80 A/cm² pour différentes durées, puis analysés par microscopie optique et microscopie électronique à balayage couplée à une analyse dispersive en énergie. Les premières électrolyses, effectuées dans un électrolyte synthétique, sans aluminium métallique et sous atmosphère argon ont révélé à la fois une dégradation chimique et électrochimique. L’étude de la dégradation chimique a été réalisée grâce à des immersions dans l’électrolyte sans polarisation. Les résultats ont mis en évidence une dissolution de la phase spinelle, liée à un phénomène de substitution entre les ions Al3+ de l’électrolyte et Fe3+ du spinelle, entrainant la formation d’un aluminate du type NixFe3-x-yAlyO4. Lorsque x = 0 et y proche de 2, la phase spinelle est dissoute alors que lorsque x est proche de 1, la phase spinelle est stabilisée et sa dissolution ralentie. Les électrolyses menées jusqu’à la fin de vie des matériaux ont révélé l'attaque préférentielle de la phase métallique pour former des composés fluorés et oxydes. Grâce aux caractérisations micrographiques et aux calculs thermodynamiques (logiciel FactSage 7.1), un mécanisme de dégradation global des anodes a été proposé. La compréhension des mécanismes de dégradation chimique et électrochimique des matériaux a permis de proposer des voies d'amélioration concernant à la fois le matériau d'anode et la chimie du bain cryolithique
The thesis is a part of a research project which develop an anode permitting the release of oxygen in molten cryolite medium at 960°C, in order to eliminate carbon dioxide emissions from the aluminium production process called Hall-Héroult process. The type of anode envisaged is a Cermet composite (CERamic - METal), generally consisting of a metallic phase based on nickel, copper and iron and one or more conductor oxide phase(s) such as NixFe3-xO4 and Ni1-xFexO type. Two types of cermet, two-phase and three-phase, have been studied in this project. The main objective was to understand the degradation mechanisms of such anodes during electrolysis. The cermets were tested at a current density of 0.80 A/cm² for different durations and analyzed by optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy coupled with dispersive energy analysis. The first electrolyses, carried out in a synthetic electrolyte, without metallic aluminum and under argon atmosphere revealed both chemical and electrochemical degradations. Study of chemical degradation was carried out thanks to immersions in the electrolyte without polarization. The results showed a dissolution of the spinel phase, linked to a substitution phenomenon between the Al3+ ions from the electrolyte and Fe3+ from spinel, resulting in the formation of a NixFe3-x-yAlyO4 aluminate type. When x = 0 and y close to 2, the spinel phase is dissolved whereas when x is close to 1, the spinel phase is stabilized and its dissolution slowed down. Electrolyses conducted to the end of life of the materials revealed the preferential attack of the metal phase to form fluorinated compounds and oxides. Thanks to micrographic characterizations and thermodynamic calculations (FactSage 7.1 software), a global degradation mechanism of the anodes has been proposed. The understanding of the chemical and electrochemical degradation mechanisms of the materials made it possible to propose ways of improvement concerning both the anode material and the cryolithic bath chemistry
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Rivera-Calderon, Reina Laura. "Studies on adherence of staphylococcus epidermidis to inert plastic materials." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/4858.

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Gustafsson, Michael. "Light from Dark Matter : Hidden Dimensions, Supersymmetry, and Inert Higgs." Doctoral thesis, Stockholm : Department of Physics, Stockholm university, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-7345.

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Henneke, Michael Ray. "Simulation of transient combustion within porous inert media /." Digital version accessible at:, 1998. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/utexas/main.

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Books on the topic "Inert material"

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NATO Advanced Research Workshop on Fundamental Aspects of Inert Gases in Solids (1990 Bonas, France). Fundamental aspects of inert gases in solids. New York: Plenum Press, 1991.

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Kronlöf, Anna. Filler effect of inert mineral powder in concrete. Espoo, Finland: Technical Research Centre of Finland, 1997.

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Winfield, Pamela D. Materializing the Zen Monastery. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190469290.003.0002.

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This chapter explores the ways in which the supposedly inert materials of the monastic compound are understood to function as unique vehicles for awakening. It examines Dōgen’s Talk on Pursuing the Way (Bendōwa), dated 1231, and observes how the material universe (the five phases of earth, water, fire, wood, and metal, as well as yin-yang theory and feng shui geomancy) is invoked to envision a new, biaxial Zen temple layout in Japan. It also considers how Dōgen redeploys these material categories, and even alludes to Chinese contract pledges (fu), to seal the deal with his potential patrons in Japan. Finally, it reflects on Dōgen’s preferred phrase of “grasses and trees” (sōmoku), which he often substituted for the idea of zazen practice-realization in and as the monastery itself.
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(US), National Research Council. Marking, Rendering Inert and Licensing of Explosive Materials. Natl Academy Pr, 1998.

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Marking, Rendering Inert, and Licensing of Explosive Materials. Washington, D.C.: National Academies Press, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.17226/5755.

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National Research Council (U.S.). Committee on Marking, Rendering Inert, and Licensing of Explosive Materials., ed. Marking, rendering inert, and licensing of explosive materials: Interim report. Washington, D.C: National Academy Press, 1997.

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Skantze, P. A. Gloriously Inept and Satisfyingly True. Edited by Mark Franko. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199314201.013.41.

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Invoking the methodology of the act of spectating as a practice, an idea developed from Skantze’s Itinerant Spectator/Itinerant Spectacle, this chapter examines reenactment from the perspective of the active spectator. The archive and the document common to reenactment present the spectator as practitioner with interpretive tools, and yet often the reception of reenactments becomes stronger by way of the mix of spectator memory with the not quite accurate or faithful in the representation. Wim Vandekeybus’s Booty Looting, a dance performance that not only stages a reenactment, but also confronts the spectator with the material of memory, forms the basis for thinking through the paradox of the truth in approximations and flawed enactments.
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(US), National Research Council, and Rendering Inert, and Licensing of Explosive Materials Committee on Marking. Marking, Rendering Inert, and Licensing of Explosive Materials: Interim Report (Compass Series). National Academies Press, 1997.

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Fundamental Aspects of Inert Gases in Solids (NATO Science Series: B:). Springer, 1991.

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Anderson, Greg. The Cares of a Corporate Self. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190886646.003.0015.

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Here, finally, the book turns to consider what is more conventionally called Athenian “government,” namely the activities of Demos, the council of 500, and the sundry poliadic “officials.” As the chapter stresses, Demos, the ultimate rule-making agency in Attica, was fundamentally different from a modern “state” in at least three ways. The first of these differences concerns their respective quiddities as social objects. Whereas a modern state is conventionally seen as a machine-like material assemblage of practices and individual persons, Demos was a kind of deathless corporate person in its own right, one that both pre-existed and outlived the particular individuals who happened to embody it at any given time. Second, by comparison with the conspicuously activist, highly interventionist states of modernity, Demos was a peculiarly inert kind of agency. In its primary incarnations in assembly meetings and law courts, its function was to serve as a purely deliberative rule-making body, in that it materialized to produce binding resolutions to issues raised by “civilians,” whether they were its assembly “advisors” or the prosecutors in court cases. Third, given that Athenian households were assumed to be largely responsible for governing themselves, both individually and collectively, the competence of Demos was necessarily limited. Essentially, it was responsible for producing binding decisions only on those matters which households could not already manage for themselves, like polis-wide cults, diplomacy, and warfare. In short, to summarize chapters 12-14, demokratia in Attica was not a modern-style “state-centered” form of rule. It was an ongoing exercise in self-management by the unitary social body of Demos, whether acting as its constituent parts or as the totality of the whole.
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Book chapters on the topic "Inert material"

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Ouvarov-Bancalero, V., D. Guay, and L. Roué. "Mechanically Alloyed Cu-Ni-Fe-Y Material as Inert Anode for Al Production." In Light Metals 2013, 1275–81. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118663189.ch215.

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Ouvarov-Bancalero, V., D. Guay, and L. Roué. "Mechanically alloyed Cu-Ni-Fe-Y material as inert anode for Al production." In Light Metals 2013, 1277–81. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-65136-1_215.

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Goupil, G., S. Helle, E. Irissou, D. Poirier, J. G. Legoux, D. Guay, and L. Roué. "Cold Spray Deposition of Mechanically Alloyed Cu-Ni-Fe Material for Application as Inert Anodes for Aluminum Production." In Light Metals 2013, 1283–87. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118663189.ch216.

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Goupil, G., S. Helle, E. Irissou, D. Poirier, J. G. Legoux, D. Guay, and L. Roué. "Cold Spray deposition of mechanically alloyed Cu-Ni-Fe material for application as inert anodes for aluminum production." In Light Metals 2013, 1283–87. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-65136-1_216.

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Kerr, Nathan M., Iqbal Ike K. Ahmed, Leonard Pinchuk, Omar Sadruddin, and Paul F. Palmberg. "PRESERFLO MicroShunt." In Minimally Invasive Glaucoma Surgery, 91–103. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-5632-6_7.

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Abstract The PRESERFLO® MicroShunt (Santen Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., Osaka, Japan), formerly called the InnFocus MicroShunt®, is a trans-scleral device that shunts aqueous humour from the anterior chamber to a filtering bleb under the conjunctiva and Tenon’s capsule. Manufactured from an inert biocompatible material called poly(styrene-block-isobutylene-block-styrene), or ‘SIBS’, the device elicits minimal foreign body reaction and inflammation; potentially reducing the risk of bleb-related fibrosis and failure. The MicroShunt is 8.5 mm long with a 70 μm lumen and is designed to minimize hypotony based on the Hagen–Poiseuille equation. Inserted via an ab-externo approach, the MicroShunt eliminates the need for creation of a scleral flap, sclerostomy, iridectomy, scleral flap suturing and postoperative suture lysis. Clinical trials show promising results with the MicroShunt achieving intraocular pressure reduction approaching that of trabeculectomy, the current gold standard for treating refractory glaucoma.
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Weththimuni, Maduka L., Doretta Capsoni, Marco Malagodi, Chiara Milanese, and Maurizio Licchelli. "Shellac/nanoparticles dispersions as protective materials for wood." In inArt 2016, 1–12. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-55417-3_1.

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Athanassiou, Christos G., and Frank H. Arthur. "Bacterial Insecticides and Inert Materials." In Recent Advances in Stored Product Protection, 83–98. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-56125-6_5.

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Pozzi, Federica, Julie Arslanoglu, Federico Carò, and Carol Stringari. "Conquering space with matter: a technical study of Alberto Burri’s materials and techniques." In inArt 2016, 215–29. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-55417-3_23.

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Salvador, Cátia, Rui Bordalo, Mara Silva, Tânia Rosado, António Candeias, and Ana Teresa Caldeira. "On the conservation of easel paintings: evaluation of microbial contamination and artists materials." In inArt 2016, 341–53. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-55417-3_34.

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Manfredi, M., E. Barberis, and E. Marengo. "Prediction and classification of the degradation state of plastic materials used in modern and contemporary art." In inArt 2016, 391–401. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-55417-3_38.

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Conference papers on the topic "Inert material"

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Schmidt-Döhl, Frank, Gabriel Glück, and David Schulenberg. "Inert material with binding rim by reactive milling." In Fifth International Conference on Sustainable Construction Materials and Technologies. Coventry University and The University of Wisconsin Milwaukee Centre for By-products Utilization, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.18552/2019/idscmt5059.

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Makashev, N. K., E. S. Asmolov, V. V. Blinkov, A. Y. Boris, A. V. Burmistrov, O. G. Buzykin, and V. A. Makarov. "Gas hydrodynamics of CW laser cutting of metals in inert gas." In Industrial Lasers and Laser Material Processing: Russian National Conference, edited by Vladislav Y. Panchenko and Vladimir S. Golubev. SPIE, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.171629.

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Yu, Khetselius O., A. V. Glushkov, E. P. Gurnitskaya, A. V. Loboda, E. V. Mischenko, T. Florko, and D. Sukharev. "Collisional Shift of the Tl Hyperfine Lines in Atmosphere of Inert Gases." In INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP ON ADVANCED MATERIAL FOR NEW AND RENEWABLE ENERGY. American Institute of Physics, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3026451.

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Baskoro, Ario Sunar, Randy Tandian, Haikal, Andreas Edyanto, and Agung Shamsuddin Saragih. "Automatic Tungsten Inert Gas (TIG) welding using machine vision and neural network on material SS304." In 2016 International Conference on Advanced Computer Science and Information Systems (ICACSIS). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icacsis.2016.7872739.

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Koganti, R., J. Velez, A. Joaquin, M. Zaluzec, and C. Karas. "Metal Inert Gas (MIG) Welding Process Optimization for 6063-T6 Extruded Material Using OTC/Diahen Equipment." In SAE 2006 World Congress & Exhibition. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2006-01-0302.

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Z˙ukowski, Witold. "Methane and Ethane Combustion in an Inert Fluidized Bed." In 18th International Conference on Fluidized Bed Combustion. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fbc2005-78100.

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Burning premixed fuel-air mixtures in a bubbling fluidized bed is accompanied by some characteristic phenomena. The most striking one is the production of acoustic effects, indicating that combustion is not really continuous. A second, less obvious effect, is the NOx concentration in the flue gases falling with increasing bed temperature, observed above a certain critical mean bed temperature. To investigate the periodic burning of portions of methane-air mixture, photometric and acoustic signals were recorded simultaneously. Using a laboratory quartz reactor, explosions could be optically recorded in the bed, millimeters above distributor. With ethane fuel, the effective “combustion zone” in the reactor was also located by determining vertical temperature profiles, using eight thermocouples. When the bed temperature rises, maxima in the vertical temperature profiles associated with the “reaction zone” move from above the bubbling bed to the distributor. A mathematical model of unsteady combustion in a single bubble surrounded by bed material was used to simulate the process. Computed temperature maxima were compared with the experimental profiles. This meant finding the region where bubbles of premixed gases exploded, experimentally and from the model. A correlation between the NOx concentration and the location of the explosions (and diameter of the exploding bubbles) has also been found.
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Taoutaou, Salim, Nigel Shuttleworth, Klaas VanderPlas, Stephen Declan McCraith, and Kees Frederiks. "An Innovative Inert Material To Cure the Losses in the Brent Depleted Reservoirs—North Sea Case Histories." In Abu Dhabi International Petroleum Exhibition and Conference. Society of Petroleum Engineers, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/100934-ms.

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Portan, D. V., and G. C. Papanicolaou. "An insight into the interphase concept as applied to the adhesion between inert and biologic material systems." In THE 9TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS OF ADVANCED MATERIALS - ICSAAM 2019. AIP Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5140295.

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Koganti, R., C. Karas, A. Joaquin, D. Henderson, M. Zaluzec, and A. Caliskan. "Metal Inert Gas (MIG) Welding Process Optimization for Joining Aluminum 5754 Sheet Material Using OTC/Daihen Equipment." In ASME 2003 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2003-42473.

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The development of lightweight vehicles, in particular aluminum intensive vehicles, require significant manufacturing process development for joining and assembling aluminum structures. Currently, 5xxx and 6xxx aluminum alloys are being used in various structural applications in a number of lightweight vehicles worldwide. Various joining methods, such as MIG, Laser and adhesive bonding have been investigated as technology enables for high volume joining of 5xxx, and 6xxx series alloys. In this study, metal inert gas (MIG) welding is used to join 5754 non-heat-treatable alloy sheet products. The objective of this study is to develop optimum weld process parameters for non-heat-treatable 5754 aluminum alloys. The MIG welding equipment used in this study is an OTC/Daihen CPD-350 welding systems and DR-4000 pulse power supply. The factors selected to understand the influence of weld process parameters on the mechanical properties and metallurgy (weld penetration) include power input (torch speed, voltage, current, wire feed), pulse frequency, and gas flow rate. Test coupons used in this study were based on a single lap configuration. A full factorial design of experiment (DOE) was conducted to understand the main and interaction effects on joint failure and weld penetration. The joint strengths and weld penetrations are measured for various operating ranges of weld factors. Post weld analysis indicates, power input and gas flow rate are the two signficant factors (statistically) based on lap shear load to failure and weld penentration data. There were no 2-way or 3-way interaction effects observed in ths weld study. Based on the joint strength and weld penetration, optimum weld process factors were determined.
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Everaerts, Frank. "Packaging of Biomedical Devices: A Critical Aspect in Its Performance." In ASME 2008 3rd Frontiers in Biomedical Devices Conference. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/biomed2008-38045.

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Biomedical device development and (bio)material selection primarily for its casing go hand in hand. Traditionally “inert” materials were selected for surfaces in contact with tissue structures. Also a large number of surface treatment processes have been developed in order to increase the biocompatibility. With these technologies in hand, a broad range of materials can be selected.
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Reports on the topic "Inert material"

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Green, D. The effect of azimuthal inert material on the CMS hadron calorimeter. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), August 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10185628.

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Chandramouli, Deepthi, Huda Ashfaq, and William Rogers. Experimental and Simulation Analysis of Binary Mixtures of Biomass and Inert Material. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), May 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1630415.

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Chandramouli, Deepthi, Huda Ashfaq, and William Rogers. Experimental and Simulation Analysis of Binary Mixtures of Biomass and Inert Material. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), May 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1619201.

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Green, D. Effect of inert material on ZZ mass resolution for H yields ZZ yields eeee. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), April 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/5909271.

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Baca, J. R. F. JT/LJT connector insert material evaluation. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), October 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/5993544.

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Haggerty, J. S., and D. R. Sadoway. Investigation of materials for inert electrodes in aluminum electrodeposition cells. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/5743785.

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Marschman, S. C. Laboratory-scale testing of non-consumable anode materials: Inert Electrodes Program. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), March 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6336587.

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P. Heller and J. Wright. THE DETERMINATION OF DIFFUSION COEFFICIENT OF INVERT MATERIALS. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/889233.

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Kato, Yoshiko, Minoru Hayashi, Tomoyasu Hirano, and Kazuyuki Itaya. Development of Sunshade New Material Using Fabric-Insert Molding Technology. Warrendale, PA: SAE International, September 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2005-08-0670.

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Del Debbio, J. A., L. O. Nelson, and T. A. Todd. Pyrochemical separation of radioactive components from inert materials in ICPP high-level calcined waste. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), May 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/152020.

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