Academic literature on the topic 'Infants aged 0-6 months'
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Journal articles on the topic "Infants aged 0-6 months"
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Achwoka, Dunstan, Justin Mandala, Mutugi Muriithi, et al. "Progress toward elimination of perinatal HIV transmission in Kenya: Analysis of early infant diagnosis data." International Journal of STD & AIDS 29, no. 7 (2017): 632–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0956462417724015.
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Interrupting vertical transmission of HIV from mothers to infants provides opportunity to transform the HIV/AIDS epidemic by eliminating new infections among children. We estimate mother-to-child transmission rates of infants born to known HIV-positive mothers offered prevention of mother-to-child transmission interventions and provide an indication of Kenya’s progress toward elimination of perinatal transmission. We obtained from the Kenya National Early Infant Diagnosis (EID) database, all 131,451 DNA polymerase chain reaction test results of HIV-exposed infants aged 0–18 months who had dried blood spot samples taken between January 2008 and October 2013. The majority of samples were from infants aged 0–6 months (81.0%). Infants aged 6–12 months comprised 15.5%, while those aged 12–18 months were 3.5%. Overall, 11,439 (8.7%) were HIV-positive. Positivity rates were higher among older age groups: 6.8, 14.6, and 27.5% in age groups 0–6 months, 6–12 months, and 12–18 months old, respectively. In Kenya, scale-up and decentralization to primary health centers of EID services has been remarkable. Both increasing HIV-positivity trends in age groups 12–18 months and differences between provinces require further interrogation. Although significant, declining HIV-positivity trends in age groups 0–6 months and 6–12 months old observed between 2008 and 2013 is insufficient to achieve the elimination agenda.
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Wayan, Noviani Ni, and Fitria . "The impact of baby spa on the growth and development of infants aged 3-6 months at Puskesmas I Denpasar Selatan." International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences 6, no. 8 (2018): 2601. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20183239.
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Background: Infancy is a critical period which required special and thorough treatment. The pursuant of optimal growth and development of infant is influenced by some factors which are correlated namely, genetics, environment, behavior, and stimulus. One of the measurements to determine growth is weight. Baby spa is one of physiotherapy for infant and could stimulate infant’s motor movement which has significant influence on their growth and development.Methods: The method of this research was Quasi experimental design using the framework of pretest and posttest with control group design on infants aged 3 until 6 months who are healthy. Kartu Menuju Sehat (KMS) or growth chart was used to record the growth of infant before and after the treatment. Denver Developmental Screening Test (DDST) was utilized to measure the infant’s development before and after the treatment. Baby spa therapy was performed once every two weeks for 12 weeks.Results: The research 20 infants of treatment group and control group statistically showed significant increase before and after baby spa treatment in term of growth and development of infants aged 3-6 months with p value=0.0000. There was an impact of the baby spa treatment towards the growth and development of infant aged 3-6 months based on the p value: 0.021.Conclusions: Baby spa which was performed on infants aged 3-6 months significantly increases their growth and development.
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Aithal, Sreedevi, Joseph Kei, and Carlie Driscoll. "Wideband Absorbance in Young Infants (0–6 months): A Cross-Sectional Study." Journal of the American Academy of Audiology 25, no. 05 (2014): 471–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.3766/jaaa.25.5.6.
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Background: Wideband acoustic immittance (WAI) studies on infants have shown changes in WAI measures with age. These changes are attributed, at least in part, to developmental effects. However, developmental effects in young infants (0–6 mo) on WAI have not been systematically investigated. Purpose: The objective of this study was to compare wideband absorbance (WBA) in healthy neonates and infants aged 1, 2, 4, and 6 mo. Research Design: This was a prospective cross-sectional study. All participants were assessed by using 1-kHz tympanometry, distortion product otoacoustic emission (DPOAE) tests, and WBA tests. Study Sample: Participants included 35 newborns (35 ears), 16 infants aged 1 mo (29 ears), 16 infants aged 2 mo (29 ears), 15 infants aged 4 mo (28 ears), and 14 infants aged 6 mo (27 ears). For each participant, the ears that passed both high-frequency (1-kHz) tympanometry and DPOAE tests were included for analysis. Data Collection and Analysis: WBA was recorded at ambient pressure conditions, and the response consisted of 16 data points at 1/3-octave frequencies from 0.25 to 8 kHz. A mixed-model analysis of variance (ANOVA) was applied to the data in each age group to evaluate the effects of sex, ear, and frequency on WBA. WBA was compared between various age groups. In addition, a separate mixed-model ANOVA was applied to WBA data, and post hoc analyses with the Bonferroni correction were performed at each of the 16 data points at 1/3-octave frequencies across age groups to examine the effect of age on WBA. Results: For all age groups, WBA was highest between 1.5 and 5 kHz and lowest at frequencies of less than 1.5 kHz and greater than 5 kHz. A developmental trend was evident, with both the 0- and 6-mo-old infants being significantly different from other age groups at most frequencies. The WBA results exhibited a multipeaked pattern for infants aged 0 to 2 mo, whereas a single broad peaked pattern for 4- and 6-mo-old infants was observed. The difference in WBA between 0- and 6-mo-old infants was statistically significant across most frequencies. In contrast, the WBA results for 1- and 2-mo-old infants were comparable. There were no significant sex or ear effects on WBA for all age groups. Conclusions: Developmental effects of WBA were evident for infants during the first 6 mo of life. The WBA data can be used as a reference for detecting disorders in the sound-conductive pathways (outer and middle ear) in young infants. Further development of age-specific normative WBA data in young infants is warranted.
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Wahyuni, Wahyuni, Ana Mariza, Riyanti Riyanti, and Yuli Yantina. "The Influence of Baby Massage on The Frequency and Duration of Breastfeeding in Infants Aged 0-6 Months." MAHESA : Malahayati Health Student Journal 4, no. 1 (2024): 104–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.33024/mahesa.v4i1.11856.
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ABSTRACT The duration and frequency of breastfeeding in infants not only affects the infants but also their mothers, as the frequency of infant suckling influences maternal breast milk production. Data obtained from Suoh Village, the working area of the Bandar Negeri Suoh Health Center, revealed that 40% of infants were breastfeeding only 6-7 times a day, and 20% of infants were breastfeeding for just 5 minutes. One effort that can be made to increase the duration and frequency of breastfeeding is by providing infant massage therapy. The objective of this research is to determine the effect of infant massage on the frequency and duration of breastfeeding in infants aged 0-6 months in Suoh Village, the working area of Bandar Negeri Suoh Public Health Center, in the year 2023. This research employed a quantitative approach with a pre-experimental design and a one-group pretest and posttest design. The population in this study consisted of all infants aged 0-6 months in the working area of Bandar Negeri Suoh Public Health Center, with a sample size of 30 individuals. The sampling technique used was purposive sampling. The study was conducted in July 2023. The data analysis in this study employed the Wilcoxon test. The results of this study indicated that the average frequency of breastfeeding before infant massage therapy was 6.93 times, and after the therapy it increased to 10.37 times. The average duration of breastfeeding before infant massage therapy was 6.77 minutes, and after the therapy it was 10.27 minutes. The bivariate analysis results revealed that there was a significant effect of infant massage therapy on the frequency of breastfeeding with a p-value of 0.000. There was also a significant effect of infant massage therapy on the duration of breastfeeding with a p-value of 0.000. Anthe effect of infant massage on the frequency and duration of breastfeeding in infants aged 0-6 months in Suoh Village, the working area of Bandar Negeri Suoh Public Health Center, in the year 2023. Keywords: Breastfeeding Duration, Breastfeeding Frequency, Infant Massage
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Rayhani, Salsabila, Nur Mujaddidah Mochtar, Gina Noor Djalilah, and Rewina Intan Asmarani. "Well-Being of Infants Through Touch: The Effects of Massage on Sleep Quality and Weight Gain in the First 0-12 Months." Golden Age: Jurnal Ilmiah Tumbuh Kembang Anak Usia Dini 9, no. 2 (2024): 357–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.14421/jga.2024.92-15.
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The initial stage of an infant's life, from 0 to 12 months, is a critical period in their development. Growth optimization during this period depends on nutrition, emotional support, and early stimulation. Particularly, an infant's sleep quality is a key adaptive mechanism that influences their growth and well-being. This study aims to understand the impact of infant massage on the sleep quality of infants aged 0-12 months and to evaluate the influence of infant massage on weight gain in this age group. Therefore, this study conducts a systematic review of the impact of infant massage on infants aged 0-12 months, using the PubMed and Google Scholar databases from 2018 to 2023. Of 855 articles, 29 met the inclusion criteria according to PRISMA guidelines. The results show that regular infant massage, ideally 3-4 times a week for 15-30 minutes, significantly improves sleep quality and weight gain in infants aged 0-12 months. The effectiveness of infant massage is influenced by various factors such as environmental conditions, daily nutrition, massage routines, daily activities of the baby, and health conditions. This study implies that infant massage can be an important and effective intervention to support healthy infant growth and development, particularly in improving sleep quality and weight gain in infants aged 0-12 months, thereby encouraging the incorporation of infant massage as an integral part of daily baby care.
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Lestari, Anggi, Marniati Marniati, Sufyan Anwar, and Maiza Duana. "LOW EXCLUSIVE BREAST MILK IN BABIES AGED 0-6 MONTHS." MORFAI JOURNAL 2, no. 2 (2022): 239–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.54443/morfai.v2i2.282.
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Knowledge and culture have an important role in increasing the coverage of exclusive breastfeeding for infants aged 0-6 months. Based on the results of the survey directly obtained in the field, the coverage of exclusive breastfeeding for infants aged 0-6 months is low. The purpose of this study was to examine the low coverage of exclusive breastfeeding in the working area of the Meutulang Health Center, Panton Reu District, West Aceh Regency. The research method used is a qualitative method with an exploratory descriptive approach, namely conducting in-depth interviews, which aims to explore the reasons why mothers do not exclusively breastfeed their babies until the age of 6 months. The results showed that the knowledge of breastfeeding mothers was still lacking regarding understanding in exclusive breastfeeding, the attitude of breastfeeding mothers was still not sure about giving only breast milk. culture is very closely related to exclusive breastfeeding, where mothers hold on to ancestral cultures that are passed down from generation to generation such as the peucicap culture and the provision of complementary feeding is given to infants before the age of 6 months, which should only be given breast milk. The conclusion is that exclusive breastfeeding in the working area of the Meutulang Public Health Center is still low, as evidenced by the results of research that has been carried out where knowledge and culture have a strong influence which is then followed by the attitude and work of the mother. Suggestions are expected for health centers and related agencies to more often conduct counseling, outreach and education to the community, especially mothers about the importance of exclusive breastfeeding aged 0-6 months
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Safri, Mulya, and Aulia Rahman Putra. "Early allergy symptoms in infants aged 0-6 months on breast milk substitutes." Paediatrica Indonesiana 55, no. 1 (2015): 13. http://dx.doi.org/10.14238/pi55.1.2015.13-7.
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Background Atopic diseases are common in children and a serious health problem worldwide. Atopic dermatitis, food allergies, asthma and allergic rhinitis, have been described as the natural progression of allergic diseases, also known as the “allergic march”. Cow’s milk protein is known to be a common trigger of food allergies and hypersensitivity reactions during infancy. Objective To give an overview of the breast milk substitutes (BMS) and incidence of early allergy onset (allergic march) in atopic infants aged 0-6 months. Methods This cross-sectional study included a total of 40 atopic infants collected by consecutive sampling. A questionnaire was used for interview that inquired information on the type of BMS used, initial allergy complaints, the age of the emergence of early allergic symptoms, and the breakdown for BMS type. Univariate analysis was carried out to describe their characteristics as frequency distributions and percentages of each variables. Results Atopic dermatitis and wheezing were more common in boys (62.5%). Atopic dermatitis was the most common initial symptom to occur in atopic infants (52.5%). Atopic dermatitis and wheezing occurred together in 27.5% subjects. Early allergy symptoms that first occurred at the age of 1 month were seen in 42.9% for atopic dermatitis category, 37.5% for wheezing category, and 63.6% for both symptoms category, respectively. Cow’s milk was the most common type of BMS given to atopic infants in the first 6 months of life (47.5%). Conclusion Early symptoms of allergies, such as atopic dermatitis and wheezing, are more common in boys than girls. Atopic dermatitis is the most common early symptom to arise, but both symptoms occur at an early age, often during the first month of life.
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Sukmawati, Aprinia Fajar, Latifa Aini Susumaningrum, and Kholid Rosyidi Muhammad Nur. "Description of Parenting Self-Efficacy in Mothers with Infants Age 0-6 Months at Panti Village, Panti District, Jember Regency." Pustaka Kesehatan 11, no. 2 (2023): 62. http://dx.doi.org/10.19184/pk.v11i2.30041.
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Infancy (0-6 months) is a golden period as well as a critical period because at this time a process of rapid growth and development occurs and requires a lot of care and precision in the parenting process. One of the factors that can affect the care of infants is parenting self-efficacy. Parenting self-efficacy is a central cognitive element in parenting competence in the form of beliefs that refer to feelings in their role as parents or perceptions of parents' abilities to have a positive influence on children's behavior and development.This research was to identify the description of parenting self-efficacy in mothers of infants aged 0-6 months. The research design was an analytical descriptive research. The technique of collecting data performed was total sampling by taking 90 mother respondents of infants aged 0-6 months. Data were collected using a PMP S-E and MSPSS questionnaire. The results of the study shows that mothers who have infants aged 0-6 months in Panti Village, Panti District, Jember Regency have high parenting self-efficacy as many as 76 people (84.4%). This shows that mothers have high confidence in their ability to provide care for their infants.
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Fitriani, Sri Wahyuningsih, Agustina Widayati, and Sunanto. "The Effect of Baby Spa on Body Weight Changes in Babies Aged 3-6 Months." Health and Technology Journal (HTechJ) 1, no. 3 (2023): 311–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.53713/htechj.v1i3.63.
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Infants aged 0-6 months are the most vulnerable to growth disorders. One way to increase a baby's weight is through baby SPA. This study aimed to determine the effect of infant SPA on weight changes in infants aged 3-6 months. This study used a quasi-experimental design with a control group pre-post test design approach. The population in this study were all infants aged 3-6 months at Ain Hartoko SPA, Tempeh District, Lumajang Regency, in July 2022. As many as 42 infants were divided into two groups, the experimental and the control groups, using the accidental sampling technique. The results showed that the baby's weight gain in the experimental group was mostly classified as overweight (56.3%), while in the control group, most were normal (62.5%). The Wilcoxon test results for the p-value for the experimental and control groups were both 0.000, so they experienced an increase in body weight after two weeks. The Mann-Whitney test results obtained p-value=0.045 <0.05, so infant SPA affects weight changes in infants aged 3-6 months. Health workers are expected to conduct counseling about infant SPA in collaboration with Toddler Posyandu cadres in the village to overcome failure to thrive in toddlers.
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Ernawati, Dwi, and Titin Aryani. "Identifikasi asam laurat pada susu formula bayi 0-6 bulan menggunakan kromatografi gas." MEDIA ILMU KESEHATAN 10, no. 1 (2021): 29–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.30989/mik.v10i1.524.
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Background: Given the importance of the presence of lauric acid and an alternative to breast milk in infants ages 0 months are the formula it will be measured levels of lauric acid in infant formula.
 Objective: The object of this study is the formula of infants aged 0-6 months circulating in Yogyakarta. The study was conducted at the Laboratory of Organic Chemistry University of Gadjah Mada in March-June, 2016.
 Methods: This study is a quantitative research experiments using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectroscophy. Lauric fatty acids in infant formula can be obtained by identifying the peaks that appeared on the chromatogram by predicting the group of compounds which appear in the mass spectrometer. While quantitative data levels of omega-3 may be obtained by reading the percent relative peak area as a percent of the component compounds being analyzed.
 Result: Mean of the lauric acid content in infant formula for infants ages 0-6 months as much as 10.187%.
 Conclusion: There is a lauric acid content in the formula for infants ages 0-6 months
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Infants aged 0-6 months"
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Messmer, Rosemary Laurel. "The relationship between parent-infant bed-sharing and marital satisfaction for mothers of infants aged 6 - 12 months." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/7120.
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This study examined the relationship between time spent bed-sharing and marital satisfaction for mothers of infants aged 6-12 months. The main purpose of the study was to establish whether time spent bed-sharing predicted any variance in marital satisfaction, and whether or not this depended on classification as an intentional or reactive bed-sharer. A secondary purpose was to establish whether satisfaction with bed-sharing, level of fatigue, or sexual satisfaction mediated the relationship between time spent bed-sharing and marital satisfaction. Data were obtained from surveys completed by mothers (N = 98) in committed relationships with a first-born child between the ages of 6-12 months. Time spent bed-sharing was measured by multiplying the number of hours mothers indicated they typically bed-shared in a night by the number of days they typically bed-shared in a week. Marital satisfaction was measured using the Satisfaction subscale of the Dyadic Adjustment Scale (Spanier, 1976). Participants were classified as reactive bed-sharers if they indicated that they bed-shared due to infant night-time problems, such as the infant not falling asleep, and were classified as intentional bed-sharers if they indicated that their reason for bed-sharing was not in reaction to an infant night-time problem (Ramos, 2003). Regression analysis showed that time spent bed-sharing predicted a small amount of variance in marital satisfaction for the sample as a whole. Moderation analysis showed that the amount of variance predicted in marital satisfaction depended on group classification as an intentional or reactive bed-sharer. For intentional bed-sharers, time spent bed-sharing did not significantly predict marital satisfaction. For reactive bed-sharers an increase in time spent bed-sharing predicted a significant decrease in marital satisfaction. Results showed that none of the intended mediator variables were significantly correlated with time spent bed-sharing. Results support the need for further research in the area of bed-sharing and marital satisfaction, and highlight the importance of recognizing the differences between intentional and reactive bed-sharers. Health care professionals may wish to emphasize safety precautions around bed-sharing for parents who intentionally want to bed-share, and offer alternative interventions for parents who are using bed-sharing reactively as a way to deal with infant sleep problems.
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Mwangome, Martha Kaeni. "Mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC) among infants aged less than 6 months in a rural community." Thesis, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (University of London), 2013. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.590611.
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Plimpton, Carol Ely. "The effects of water and land early experience programs on the motor development and movement comfortableness of infants aged 6 to 18 months /." The Ohio State University, 1985. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487260859495212.
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Bowcutt, Allyson A. "DISCOVERING THE E-RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN BABIES AND EARLY E-LITERACY: A CASE STUDY ON THE RESPONSES OF BABIES AGED 0-12 MONTHS TO TRADITIONAL TEXTS AND ELECTRONIC READERS." The Ohio State University, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1375178446.
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Matthysen, Mariska. "Factors that influence attitude, beliefs and barriers of caregivers regarding complementary feeding practices of infants aged 6 – 12 months in the Breede valley district of the Western Cape." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/86713.
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Thesis (Mnutr)--Stellenbosch University, 2014.<br>ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Inappropriate feeding practices are a major cause of malnutrition in young children. Within this context, it has been well documented that the incidence of malnutrition rises sharply during the period from six to 18 months of age in most countries. Complementary feeding typically covers the period from six to 24 months of age. Renewed focus has been placed on the promotion of breastfeeding. Similar attention should be paid to complementary feeding. Six percent of deaths per year are preventable through good complementary feeding practises. To improve infant nutrition it is important to know the local infant and young child feeding practises present in communities but also to identify and understand the underlying factors that influence these practises.
Aim
The study aimed to describe the various factors that influence complementary feeding practices of infants aged 6 – 12 months in 2 communities (Avian Park and Zweletemba) in the Breede Valley district of the Western Cape.
Methods
The study was conducted from May – July 2012. A descriptive study design was used. A qualitative approach was followed with the use of focus group discussions with mothers / primary caregivers, fathers and grandmothers of infants aged 6 – 12 months.
Results
The findings of this study provide insight into different aspects regarding early cessation of breastfeeding that could lead to early introduction of complementary foods. In both Avian Park and Zweletemba the age of introduction of liquids and solids ranged from birth to 12 months. Various liquids such as water, over the counter medicine, high concentrated sugar beverages and low nutrient beverages were given to infants from as young as two days post-partum by means of a feeding bottle. Cow’s milk was also introduced before six months of age for reasons such as affordability, availability and because cow’s milk does not need boiling water for reconstitution like formula milk, especially when access to electricity is inadequate. Infants from both communities also received meelbol (flour and water beverage) fed either via feeding bottles (as a beverage) or as porridge fed to the infant with a spoon. Porridge (especially rice cereal and maize meal porridge) was introduced to infants from one week post-partum and infants from both areas also received family “food from the pot” before the age of 6 months.
In this study it was found that it was most often a female (either the mother or the grandmother) in the household who was responsible for buying and preparing food and for feeding the infant. Health care workers, members of the mothers’ household as well as community members were identified as key role players in conveying information regarding breastfeeding and complementary feeding from birth to 1 year. Various factors were identified in this study that influenced suboptimal infant feeding practises in Avian Park and Zweletemba. The main factors identified were i) health, ii) physiological, iii) nutritional, iv) educational, v) behavioural, vi) financial and vii) social factors. Other aspects mentioned were viii) demographic and x) commercial factors.
Conclusion
Results indicated that the current practices and factors influencing the feeding practices in Avian Park and Zweletemba were similar there was very little to no cultural differences between the two communities in terms of current practices and influencing factors. The findings of this study have highlighted the importance of involving all household members in interventions, as well as the larger community in a public nutrition approach. Factors influencing current feeding practises should be considered carefully when planning future interventions to improve infant feeding practises.<br>AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Onvanpaste voedingspraktyke is ‘n groot oorsaak van wanvoeding in jong kinders. Binne hierdie konteks is dit goed gedokumenteer dat die voorkoms van wanvoeding skerp styg gedurende die tydperk vanaf ses tot 18 maande ouderdom in die meeste lande. Komplimentêre voeding dek tipies die tydperk van ses tot 24 maande oud. Hernude fokus word geplaas op die bevordering van borsvoeding. Komplimentêre voeding behoort soortgelyke aandag te kry. Ses persent van sterftes per jaar is voorkombaar deur goeie komplimentêree voedingpraktyke. Om kindervoeding te verbeter is dit belangrik om bekend te wees met plaaslike baba- en jong kind praktyke in gemeenskappe, en ook om die onderliggende faktore wat hierdie praktyke beïnvloed te identifiseer en verstaan.
Doelwit
Hierdie studie het gepoog om die verskillende faktore ten opsigte van die komplimentêre voeding praktyke van babas tussen 6 – 12 maande te beskryf in 2 gemeenskappe (Avian Park en Zweletemba) in die Breede Vallei distrik van die Wes-Kaap.
Metodes
Die studie is uitgevoer vanaf Mei – Julie 2012. ‘n Beskrywende studie ontwerp is gebruik. ‘n Kwalitatiewe benadering is gevolg met die gebruik van fokusgroepbesprekings met moeders / primêre versorgers, vaders en oumas van babas tussen 6 – 12 maande.
Resultate
Die bevindinge van hierdie studie voorsien insae in die verskillende aspekte van die vroeë beëindiging van borsvoeding wat kan lei tot vroeë bekendstelling van komplimentêre voeding. In beide Avian Park en Zweletemba het die ouderdomme van insluiting van vloeistowwe en vaste stowwe gewissel van geboorte tot 12 maande.Verskeie vloeistowwe soos water, oor-die-toonbank-medisyne, hoë konsentrasie suiker drankies en lae voedingswaarde drankies was aan babas gegee so vroeg as twee dae post-partum deur middel van ‘n voedingsbottel. Koeimelk was ook gegee voor 6 maande, om redes soos bekostigbaarheid, beskikbaarheid en omdat koeimelk nie kookwater benodig vir hersamestelling soos formule melk nie, veral in situasies waar toegang tot elektrisiteit onvoldoende is. Babas van beide gemeenskappe was ook meelbol (meel en water drankie) gevoer óf via voedingsbottels (as ‘n vloeistof) of as ‘n pap wat gevoer word met ‘n lepel. Pap (veral ryspap en mieliemeelpap) was gegee vanaf een week post-partum en babas van beide gebiede het ook familie kookkos ontvang “vanuit die pot” voor 6 maande.
In hierdie studie is bevind dat dit heel dikwels ‘n vrou (óf die moeder of ouma) in die huishouding is wat verantwoordelik is vir die koop en voorbereiding van voedsel asook die voer van die baba. Gesondheidswerkers, lede van die moeder se huishouding sowel as lede van die gemeenskap is geïdentifiseer as belangrike rolspelers in die oordrag van inligting oor borsvoeding en komplimentêre voeding vanaf geboorte tot een jaar. Die belangrikste faktore geïdentifiseer was verwant aan: i) gesondheid, ii) fisiologie, iii) voedingswaarde , iv) opvoedkunde, v) gedrag, vi) finansies en vii) sosiale faktore. Ander aspekte genoem is: vii) demografiese en x) kommersiële faktore.
Gevolgtrekking
Resultate het aangedui dat die huidige voedingpraktyke soortgelyk was in Avian Park en Zweletemba en dat daar baie min kulturele verskille tussen die twee gemeenskappe was in soverre huidige praktyke en faktore wat dit beïnvloed. Die bevindinge van hierdie studie het die belangrikheid daarvan uitgelig om al die lede van die huishouding, sowel as die breër gemeenskap in te sluit in intervensies met ‘n openbare voeding benadering. Faktore wat die huidige babavoeding praktyke beïnvloed moet versigtig oorweeg word tydens die beplanning van toekomstige intervensies om babavoeding praktyke te verbeter.
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Chalashika, Paphani. "Nutritional outcomes of Botswana infants and young children aged 6-24 months : a focus on birthweight, HIV-exposure, feeding practices and the role of caregivers, older family figures and healthcare workers." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2018. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/50081/.
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Background: A better understanding of the nutritional status of infants and young children who are HIV-Exposed-Uninfected (HEU) and HIV-Unexposed-Uninfected (HUU) during their first 1000 days is a key to improving population health, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa. Methods: A mixed-methods approach (explanatory sequential design) was utilised to compare the nutritional status, feeding practices and determinants of nutritional status of HEU and HUU infants and young children residing in representative selected districts in Botswana. In addition, themes associated with perceptions of caregivers, older family figures and healthcare workers in achieving optimal nutritional outcomes in these infants and young children were identified. In the quantitative strand (413 infants and young children, 37.3% HIV-exposed) aged 6-24 months attending routine child health clinics were recruited. In the qualitative strand 25 caregivers, 9 older family figures and 10 healthcare workers were interviewed using a semi-structured questionnaire. Quantitative data including anthropometric, 24-hour dietary intake and socio-demographic data was collected. Anthropometric z-scores were calculated using 2006 WHO growth standards. Modelling of the determinants of malnutrition was undertaken using logistic regression. Qualitative data was analysed using an inductive, interpretive/latent thematic analysis approach. Results: Overall, prevalence of stunting, wasting and underweight were 10.4%, 11.9% and 10.2% respectively. HEU infants and young children were significantly more likely to be underweight (15.6% vs. 6.9%), (p < 0.01) and stunted (15.6% vs. 7.3%), (p < 0.05) but not wasted (p= 0.14) than HUU infants and young children. HEU infants and young children tended to be formula fed (89.4%) whereas HUU infants and young children tended to breastfeed (89.6%) for the first six months (p < 0.001). In multivariate analysis, significant predictors of nutritional status were HIV exposure, birthweight, birth length, Apgar score and mother/caregiver’s education with little influence of socioeconomic status (p < 0.05). Qualitative thematic analysis revealed four themes; when “free choice” is an illusion: mother’s infant feeding decisions; “These people are dangerous.” negotiating access to healthcare services; “caring is how I show my baby love”; “our culture, our heritage”. Conclusions: HEU infants and young children aged 6-24 months had worse nutritional status compared to HUU infants and young children. Notably, birthweight was the main predictor of undernutrition in this population and, therefore optimisation of infants and young children’ nutritional status should focus on the nutrition and health of women in the pre- and antenatal period. These interventions should focus on equipping caregivers with skills and knowledge but also address external factors such as influence of the older family figure, community norms and cultures and experiences associated with accessing healthcare services.
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Habulembe, Raider. "Evaluation of the effect of poor water, sanitation and hygiene practices on growth and the incidence of infectious diseases in infants and young children aged 6-23 months in a selected rural district, Zambia." University of the Western Cape, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/6430.
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Philosophiae Doctor - PhD (School of Public Health)<br>Poor water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) services and practices in
communities are known to be responsible for most of the infections occurring among infants
and young children in developing countries. A combined effect of disease, poor diet, care
practices and other factors among infants/children are known to lead to undernutrition
reported in most developing countries. Apart from the reduced growth and productivity
potential that malnutrition exhibits on the affected population, it is also an underlying cause
to 50% of child mortality in poor communities. In light of this, the primary objective of the
study was to evaluate the effect of poor WASH practices on growth and infectious disease
incidence in infants and young children aged 6-23 months in the rural district of Monze in
Zambia.
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Nhampossa, Tacilta Helena Francisco. "The epidemiology of diarrhea: Determination of the burden, etiology and consequences of diarrheal disease in children aged 0-59 months in Manhiça District, Mozambique = La epidemiología de las diarreas: Determinación del peso, etiología y secuelas de la enfermedad diarreica en niños de 0-59 meses de edad en el Distrito de Manhiça, Mozambique." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/132635.
Full textAbstract:
The objective of this thesis is to improve our understanding of the epidemiology of diarrhea, particularly to estimate the population-based burden, microbiologic etiology and adverse clinical consequences of moderate-to-severe diarrhea among children 0-59 months of age in a sub-Sahara Africa area to guide public health policy and target appropriate interventions.
This thesis is based on a collection of five articles. The first three articles within this thesis present results from a case-control study about the burden of diseases, risk factors, microbiologic etiology and clinical presentation of MSD among children aged 0-59 months between December 2007 and October 2011 in sub-Saharan Africa (Kenya, Mali, Mozambique, The Gambia) and Southeast Asia (Bangladesh, India, Pakistan). The first article describes results of a multicenter analysis of data collected from the seven sites during the first three years of the study. The estimated incidence of moderate-to-severe diarrhea was highest in India, next highest in Kenya and Mali, and lowest in The Gambia, Pakistan, Bangladesh, and Mozambique. The overall annual incidence of moderate-to-severe diarrhea per 100 child-years was 30.8 (95% CI 24.8–36.8) for infants, 23.1 (95% CI 17.2–29.0) for toddlers, and 7.7 (95% CI 3.9–11.5) for children. Most attributable cases of moderate-to-severe diarrhea were due to four pathogens: rotavirus, Cryptosporidium, ETEC ST (ST only or ST/LT) and Shigella. Odds of dying during follow-up were 8.5-fold higher in patients with moderate-tosevere diarrhea than in controls; most deaths (167 [87.9%]) occurred during the first 2 years of life. Pathogens associated with increased risk of case death were ST-ETEC and typical enteropathogenic E coli and Cryptosporidium.
The second and third articles describe specific results from Manhiça district, (Mozambique site). The incidence of acute diarrhea has dropped by about 80% over the period 2001-2012. Incidence of moderate-to-severe diarrhea per 100 child years at risk for the period 2007-2011 was 9.85, 7.73 and 2.10 for children aged 0-11, 12-23 and 24-59 months respectively. Most cases of moderate-to-severe diarrhea were again due to rotavirus, Cryptosporidium, ETEC ST (ST only or ST/LT), Shigella and Adenovirus 40/41. Having a caretaker who was not the mother and giving stored water were independent risk factors for moderate-to-severe diarrhea. On the other hand, regular washing hands particularly after handling animals or before preparing baby’s food, and having facilities to dispose child’s stool were protective factors for moderate-to-severe diarrhea. Risk of moderate-to-severe diarrhea was not found to be strongly associated with economic indicators of the households and education level of the caretaker.
The fourth paper of this thesis describes the results of two surveys about health services utilization in case of diarrhea performed during the above described case-control study, through interviews conducted with primary caretakers of children aged 0-59 months living in Manhiça district. Of those primary caretakers reporting an episode of diarrhea during the recall period, 65.2% in first survey and 43.8% in second survey reported seeking care at a health facility. The use of health facilities in case of diarrhea was found to be fundamentally associated with the perceived need, lower knowledge of dehydration signs and may have been hampered by the economic status.
The last paper of this thesis describes a retrospective analysis of data recorded through the health facility morbidity surveillance system of all malnutrition cases in children aged less than five years of age seen at Manhiça’s District Hospital during the period 2001 to 2010. During this period, 274,813 children were seen at the outpatient clinic of Manhiça’s District Hospital, almost half of which (47.0%) presenting with some indication of malnutrition, and 6% (17,188/274,813) with severe malnutrition. Of these, only 15% (2,522/17,188) were eventually admitted. Case fatality rate of severe malnutrition was 7% (162/2274). Bacteremia, hypoglycemia, oral candidiasis, edema, pallor, deep breathing and acute diarrhea were independently associated with an increased risk of in-hospital mortality, while malaria parasitaemia and increasing age were independently associated with a lower risk of a poor outcome. Overall Minimum Community-based Incidence rates were 15 cases per 1000 child-years, and children aged 12-23 months of age had the highest incidence.
This thesis presents important results related to diarrheal disease and malnutrition of which may be of great public health utility for policy makers in order to decrease the unacceptable morbidity and mortality still associated with such diseases.<br>Los cinco artículos de esta tesis surgen de diferentes (pero complementarios) proyectos abarcan desde la investigación social básica de los determinantes del uso de servicios de salud y control de enfermedades en caso de enfermedad diarreica, hasta análisis más específicos de los factores de riesgo y los determinantes microbiológicos de la enfermedad en los niños con edad 0-59 meses en el distrito de Manhiça, Mozambique.
La incidencia de diarrea moderada a grave por cada 100 años-niño a riesgo durante el global del período 2007-2011 fue de 9.85, 7.73 y 2.10 para los niños de 0-11, 12-23 y de 24-59 meses, respectivamente. La mayoría de los casos de diarrea moderada a grave fueron debidos a rotavirus, Cryptosporidium, ETEC ST (ST sólo o ST / LT), Shigella y Adenovirus 40/41. Tener un cuidador diferente de la madre y beber agua almacenada fueran factores de riesgo de episodios de diarrea moderada a grave. Por otro lado, lavarse las manos regularmente y tener facilidades para disponer las heces del niño son factores de protección para la diarrea moderada a grave. Los resultados sobre actitudes de utilización de servicios de salud muestran que una importante proporción de los cuidadores que reportaron un episodio de diarrea (65.2% en la primera encuesta y 43.8 % en el segunda encuesta) informaron que acudieron a un centro de salud. Asimismo, el uso de los servicios de salud en caso de diarrea pudo asociarse a una necesidad percibida y a un bajo conocimiento de los signos de deshidratación; pudiendo haber sido obstaculizado, paradójicamente, por la situación económica. Finalmente, durante la vigilancia de 10 años sobre la desnutrición, se verifico que 6% de los 274,813 niños atendidos en las consultas externas del Hospital Distrital de Manhiça, presentó criterios de malnutrición grave. De éstos, sólo el 15% (2,522 /17,188) fueron finalmente admitidos. Las tasas de incidencia mínima comunitarias fueron 15 casos por cada 1000 niños-año a riesgo, y la tasa de letalidad asociada a la malnutrición grave fue del 7% (162/2,274).
Esta tesis presenta, por tanto, resultados importantes que son de gran utilidad desde el punto de vista de salud pública, y deberían servir a los responsables políticos para tomar medidas basadas en la evidencia y disminuir así la inaceptable morbi-mortalidad todavía asociada con la enfermedad diarreica y la malnutrición.
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Ebneter, Marc. "Postoperative sepsis in infants below 6 months of age /." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2009. http://www.ub.unibe.ch/content/bibliotheken_sammlungen/sondersammlungen/dissen_bestellformular/index_ger.html.
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Chan, Susan Deborah. "Impact evaluation of a milk supplementation programme on weight of children 6-24 months of age in Guyana, South America." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape11/PQDD_0007/MQ44143.pdf.
Full textBooks on the topic "Infants aged 0-6 months"
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Mills, Alison. Food and nutrient intakes of British infants aged 6-12 months. HMSO, 1992.
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Davies, Herbert Oladele. Case - comparative study of pneumonia in hospitalized Canadian infant younger than 6 months of age. National Library of Canada, 1993.
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Grummer-Strawn, Laurence M. Use of World Health Organization and CDC growth charts for children aged 0-59 months in the United States. Dept. of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2010.
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Persson, Kristina. Structured observation of motor performance in infants, SOMP-1: Description of a new protocol for assessment of the progress and quality of motor performance and its application to preterm and term infants at ages 0-10 months. Uppsala University, 1995.
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Yovsi, Relindis Dzeaye. Ethnotheories about breastfeeding and mother-infant interaction: The case of sedentary Nso farmers and nomadic Fulani pastorals with their infants 3-6 months of age in Mbven sub Division of the Northwest province of Cameroon. Lit, 2003.
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Food and Nutrient Intakes of British Infants Aged 6-12 Months. Stationery Office Books, 1992.
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Max, Morgan Morgan. Baby Advent Calendar Ages 0-6 Months: Countdown to Christmas with This High-Contrast Black and White Baby Book for Infants and Newborns - 25 Pictures with Santa, Snowman and More. Independently Published, 2021.
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Puntis, John. Formula and complementary feeding. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198759928.003.0005.
Full textAbstract:
Some mothers are unable, or choose not, to breastfeed; bottle-feeding carries certain risks that can be minimized by following simple rules. Formula must satisfy all the nutritional needs of an infant and recommendations for the composition of infant formula have been adopted in the Codex Alimentarius. The two main types of formula differ in protein composition (whey or casein predominant). Follow-on formula are designed for infants from 6–12 months of age. Soy protein is an alternative to cow milk protein, but because of its high phytoestrogen content, should not be used before 6 months. Unmodified cow’s milk as the main drink before 12 months of age is associated with iron deficiency. ‘Complementary feeding’ embraces all solid and liquid feeds other than breast milk and infant formula. There is considerable international variation in practice with regard to introduction of complementary feeds, but in general this should not be before 17 weeks, and not after 26 weeks.
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Wilson, John W., and Lynn L. Estes. Pediatric Antimicrobial Dosing. Oxford University Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199797783.003.0027.
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• Neonate: Full-term newborn 0–4 weeks postnatal age• Infant: 1 month to 1 year of age• Child: >1 year to 12 years of age• Adolescent: 13–18 years of age• Adult: >18 years of ageThe following tables do ...
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Baby's First Easter: Black and White Book for Newborn with Words for Infants 0-6 Months. Independently Published, 2022.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Infants aged 0-6 months"
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Salminen, Seppo, and Miguel Gueimonde. "Gut Microbiota in Infants between 6 and 24 Months of Age." In Nestlé Nutrition Workshop Series: Pediatric Program. KARGER, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000086235.
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Kerac, Marko, and Marie McGrath. "Management of Acute Malnutrition in Infants under 6 Months of Age." In The Biology of the First 1,000 Days. CRC Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315152950-14.
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Kalhoff, H., and M. Kersting. "Programming Long-Term Health: Nutrition and Diet in Infants Aged 6 Months to 1 Year." In Early Nutrition and Long-Term Health. Elsevier, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-08-100168-4.00019-7.
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Kalhoff, Hermann, and Mathilde Kersting. "Programming long-term health: Nutrition and diet in infants aged 6 months to 1 year." In Early Nutrition and Long-Term Health. Elsevier, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-824389-3.00003-9.
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Jain, Monika, and Vandana. "Compliance to Infant and Young Child Feeding (IYCF) Indicators Amongst Infants of Rural Saharanpur, India." In Infant Nutrition and Feeding [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.111872.
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Optimal Infant and Young Child Feeding (IYCF) practices hold paramount importance for child survival, health, growth, and development. This study was done to assess the IYCF practices followed by the rural dwellers of Saharanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India. A cross-sectional survey was carried out in 18 randomly selected Anganwadi Centres of Behat Tehsil in Saharanpur district. The data were collected from 800 mothers whose children aged 1–3 years were registered in these anganwadis. Information was gathered using questionnaires and interviews. Results showed that 99.5% mothers initiated breastfeeding their infants with in first hour of birth. Minimum dietary diversity, minimum meal frequency as well as minimum acceptable diet were the three IYCF core indicators that were not followed by about 95% of mothers. Infant and young child feeding practices in the selected rural area are not satisfactory and there is not 100% compliance to something as important as exclusive breastfeeding for 6 months. There should be a more focused approach towards awareness generation, and sincere efforts should be made to improve infant feeding practices so as to make a positive impact on eradication of malnutrition amongst rural children.
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Mirembe Masereka, Enos, Clement Munguiko, Alex Tumusiime, and Linda Grace Alanyo. "Infant and Young Child Feeding in the Developed and Developing Countries." In Selected topics on Infant Feeding [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.103012.
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Infant feeding challenges continue to manifest in developed and developing countries. Worldwide, more than 80% of babies are breastfed in the first few weeks of birth. However, about 37%, 25%, and less than 1% are exclusively breastfed at 6 months of age in Africa, the United States of America, and the United Kingdom, respectively. These statistics are far below the World Health Organization targets of 50% and 70% by 2025 and 2030, respectively. Complementary feeding practices are varied as well due to nonadherence to Infant and Young Child Feeding (IYCF) guidelines among parents. This accounts for the current trends in malnutrition in children under−5 years of age, adolescents, and the youth, and leads to intergeneration malnutrition. In this chapter we have included sections on appropriate infant feeding; including how to initiate breastfeeding in the first hour of birth, how to exclusively breastfeed infants until 6 months of age, how to complement breastfeeding after 6 months of infant’s age as well as continuing to breastfeed until 24 months of age and even beyond. Furthermore, we have included a description of how mothers who are unable to breastfeed can feed their infants on expressed breastmilk or replace breastmilk with appropriate homemade or commercial formula. This chapter as well covers infant feeding in prematurity.
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Kwabena Osei, Prince, and Alex Kojo Anderson. "Infant Nutrition and Feeding in the First 2 Years of Life." In Infant Nutrition and Feeding [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.110425.
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Infant feeding is the practice of feeding children who are below two years of age. The World Health Organization recommends that infants be exclusively breastfed for the first 6 months of life, followed by continued breastfeeding and gradual introduction of complementary foods. Breastfeeding is beneficial for both the mother and the infant. Breast milk is safe, sterile, and contains antibodies that protect infants against many childhood illnesses. In the US, infants who are not breastfed have a 21% higher risk of post-neonatal infant mortality. It is recommended that mothers who cannot breastfeed exclusively feed their infants with breast milk for at least four months before introducing complementary foods. Infant formula cannot be an absolute substitute for human breast milk, and the use of infant formula must be the last option to feed infants if mothers cannot breastfeed. Although breast milk continues to be an important source of nutrition for growing infants, at six months and beyond breast milk becomes insufficient to provide all the nutrient needs of infants. Therefore, infants must be introduced to complementary foods in addition to breast milk. Complementary foods should provide sufficient energy, protein, essential fats, oils, and particularly, micronutrients to meet the nutritional needs of infants.
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Cohen, M. Michael. "Psychological Perspective." In Perspectives on the Face. Oxford University PressNew York, NY, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195300406.003.0007.
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Abstract Table 7-1 summarizes various types of information that can be derived from faces. These include facial likeness, facial structure, attributed information, specific information, facial expression, and facial speech (19). Functional models for face recognition, which are not discussed here, have been proposed by several authors (19, 60, 83, 136). Infants of 4-6 months can discriminate phonetic differences in their own language as well as unfamiliar languages. By 10-12 months, infants discriminate phonetic differences only in their own language. A similar phenomenon has been shown for facial recognition. Infants of 6 months of age are equally good at recognizing the facial identity of both human and nonhuman primates. However, infants at 9 months and adults have a marked ability for recognizing only human faces (Fig. 7-1.? What occurs during infancy for phonetic differences in languages and for differences in face processing suggests a perceptual narrowing in the neural networks involved in early cognition (122).
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Sheldon, Stephen H. "Infants 3–6 Months." In Principles and Practice of Pediatric Sleep Medicine. Elsevier, 2025. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-323-75566-5.00053-8.
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Sheldon, Stephen H. "Infants 6–12 Months." In Principles and Practice of Pediatric Sleep Medicine. Elsevier, 2025. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-323-75566-5.00054-x.
Full textConference papers on the topic "Infants aged 0-6 months"
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Nuralita, Ayunda Yonik, Bhisma Murti, and Eti Poncorini Pamungkasari. "FACTORS AFFECTING INFANT FORMULA FEEDING IN INFANTS AGED 0-6 MONTHS IN SUKOHARJO, CENTRAL JAVA." In THE 2ND INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON PUBLIC HEALTH. Masters Program in Public Health, Graduate School, Sebelas Maret University Jl. Ir Sutami 36A, Surakarta 57126. Telp/Fax: (0271) 632 450 ext.208 First website:http//: pasca.uns.ac.id/s2ikm Second website: www.theicph.com. Email: theicph2017@gmail.com, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.26911/theicph.2017.107.
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"Factors Associated with Early Complementary Feeding among Breastfeeding Mothers with Infants 0-6 Months in Kapkatet County Hospital, Kericho County." In 3rd International Nutrition and Dietetics Scientific Conference. KENYA NUTRITIONISTS AND DIETICIANS INSTITUTE, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.57039/jnd-conf-abt-2023-m.i.y.c.n.h.p-26.
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The practice of complementary feeding (introducing solid foods alongside breastfeeding) is an important aspect of infant nutrition. However, the timing of introducing complementary feeding is crucial for optimal growth and development. This study aims to investigate the factors associated with early complementary feeding among breastfeeding mothers with infants aged 0-6 months in Kapkatet County Hospital, located in Kericho County. A cross-sectional analytical study design was employed, involving 246 breastfeeding mothers attending Kapkatet County Hospital. Data on demographic characteristics, individual characteristics, cultural practices, and knowledge regarding complementary feeding were collected through structured questionnaires and key informant interviews. Statistical analysis was conducted using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). The study found that a significant proportion of infants (70.7%) in Kapkatet County Hospital were introduced to complementary feeding before the recommended age of 6 months. Reasons for early introduction included concerns about the negative impact of exclusive breastfeeding on body shape and breast size, pressures from the mother-in-law, infant hunger, maternal responsibilities, slow weight gain in infants, breastfeeding-related pain, and cultural practices, such as the use of herbal remedies. The findings of this study highlight the need for targeted interventions to address the factors associated with early complementary feeding. To promote appropriate feeding practices, it is recommended to create mother-friendly work environments and implement information education and communication (IEC) strategies, coupled with behavioural change communication (BCC) approaches using mass media platforms. These measures will help raise awareness among breastfeeding mothers regarding the importance of adhering to recommended guidelines for complementary feeding. Keywords: Early complementary feeding, breastfeeding mothers, infants, Kapkatet County Hospital, Kericho County
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Lestari, Catur Retno. "Gender and Occupation on Fine Motor Skill among Infants Aged 6-11 Months." In The 7th International Conference on Public Health 2020. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.26911/the7thicph.01.14.
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Background: After birth, the growth and growth of boys will tend to be faster than girls and will last until a certain moment. This is affected by testosterone, a hormone that is higher in male babies than in female babies. The employment status of mothers may affect the role and presence of mothers in stimulating children to achieve motor development according to their age. Working mothers can have a negative or positive influence on the development of children. The negative impact of working mothers is that the presence of the mother in the child’s daily life is lower than that of the mother who is not working, so that the mother can provide motivation and stimulation. This study aimed to determine the gender and occupation relationship on fine motor skill among infants aged 6-11 months. Subjects and Method: This was a cross-sectional study of 284 infants aged 6-11 months. This study was carried out in eight community health centres in Kulon Progo Regency, Yogyakarta. The dependent variable was fine motor skill. The independent variable was gender. Data on fine motoric development were based on the results of the pre-screening development questionnaire. Other data were collected from interview and questionnaire. Data were analyze using the Chi-square test. Results: There was a significant relationship between gender and fine motor development among infants aged 6-11 months. Conclusion: Gender is proven to have a significant relationship with fine motor development among infants aged 6-11 months. Keywords: gender, fine motor development, infant Correspondence: Catur Retno Lestari. Study Program of Biomedical Science, Universitas IVET Semarang. Email: caturretno.lestari@gmail.com DOI: https://doi.org/10.26911/the7thicph.01.14
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Bobier, William R., Austin Guinta, Stacey Kurtz, and Howard C. Howland. "Identification of Convergence Accommodation in Infants Aged 3 to 6 Months." In Vision Science and its Applications. Optica Publishing Group, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/vsia.1997.sac.2.
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As with many other visual functions, ocular accommodation and vergence show rapid development in the first 6 months of life.1-6 When convergence and accommodation are measured separately on the same child, evidence suggests that the two systems are not correlated in their responses until at least 2 months of age.7,8 There is little information on the early development of the cross links between accommodation and vergence, specifically accommodative vergence and vergence-driven accommodation. One study has been conducted on the development of accommodative vergence.9 In that study, Aslin and Jackson found convergence could be elicited when infants between 2 and 6 months of age monocularly viewed a target that was changing in depth. Although this is strong evidence for the existence of accommodative-driven vergence, the possibility remains that vergence was driven by proximity cues having different inputs than blur-driven accommodation.10 The purpose of our study was to determine if the convergence accommodation cross link was present in infants aged 3 to 6 months.
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Iswati, Retno Setyo. "ANALYSIS OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN HISTORY OF EXCLUSIVE BREASTFEEDING WITH IMMUNITY STATUS OF INFANTS AGED 6 – 12 MONTHS DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC." In International Conference on Public Health and Medical Sciences. Goodwood Conferences, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.35912/icophmeds.v1i1.22.
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Analyzing the relationship between a history of exclusive breastfeeding and the immune status of infants aged 6-12 months during the covid-19 pandemic. This study is a descriptive-analytic study with a cross-sectional approach. The sampling technique used was accidental sampling. The sample is 62 respondents. Primary data collection uses a questionnaire. Data analysis using Chi-Square with a significance of 0.05. The history of exclusive breastfeeding was 61.3%. The immune status of infants aged 6-12 months was mostly good, which was 56.4%. There is a relationship between a history of exclusive breastfeeding and the immune status of infants aged 6-12 months during the covid-19 pandemic with a p-value of 0.040 The results of the study cannot be generalized widely. Many factors affect the immune status of infants aged 6 – 12 months Providing information to mothers and the community about the importance of exclusive breastfeeding on the baby's immune status.
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Liagkaki, Maria Eleni, Anastasia Polytarchou, Angeliki Moudaki, Georgia Koltsida, Christina Kanaka-Gantenbein, and Athanasios G. Kaditis. "Nocturnal Oximetry Reference Values in Healthy Term Infants Aged 1-6 Months." In ERS International Congress 2023 abstracts. European Respiratory Society, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1183/13993003.congress-2023.oa1551.
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Santos, Amanda Mendes, Camila Pugliesi de Figueiredo, Elzilaine Domingues Mendes, and Priscila Ariede Petinuci Bardal. "Detection of autism in infants prior to 18 months of age." In XIV Congresso Paulista de Neurologia. Zeppelini Editorial e Comunicação, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.5327/1516-3180.141s1.385.
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Introduction: In 2021, the third edition of the Child Health Booklet was published in Brazil, containing a positive novelty: the M-CHAT-R/F checklist, focused on the detection of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) in children aged 16 to 30 months. The Booklet recommends screening for autism at the 18-month checkup. However, younger children have shown typical symptoms, such as delayed language development, non-responsiveness and lack of eye contact. In this regard, it is important to detect the signs of ASD early to diagnose and intervene as soon as possible. Objectives: To assess the feasibility of screening for autism in children under 18 months. Methods: Search terms were: “screening”, “autism” and “early detection”. Open articles in English and Spanish from 2013 to 2023 were selected in the PubMed and CAPES databases. We identified seven community-based papers in our review. Results: We found 9 tests able to early detect signs of autism: PREAUT (at 4 and/or 9 months), CIRTEA (0–12 months), FYI (6-16 months), ITC (6– 24 months), ADOS-2 (1 year to adult), TASI (12–36 months), SACS-R (12, 18, and 24 months consultations), CSBS-DP-IT (6–24 months) and M-CHAT-R/F (16–30 months). In the selected articles with Sensitivity (Se) data available, most tests used on infants under 1 year showed low sensitivity. However, early and repeated screening with a combination of tools facilitates early diagnosis and increases mean sensitivity: PREAUT at 4 and 9 months and CHAT at 24 resulted in a Se of 73%; CIRTEA + CHAT in a Se of 100% and SACS-R + SACS- PR (the latter at 31–60 months) in a Se of 96%. Conclusion: Despite the recommendation to screen for autism at 18 months, we found that screening can be done earlier, including in the first year of life. In addition, although mostly, a definitive diagnosis can’t be obtained at such an age, it is already possible to identify signs of atypical neurodevelopment in infants, and therefore allow earlier intervention.
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Abidah, Siska Nurul, and Hinda Novianti. "Effect of Exclusive Breastfeeding on Growth and Development of Infants Aged 0-24 Months." In The 7th International Conference on Public Health 2020. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.26911/the7thicph.03.60.
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ABSTRACT Background: Impaired growth and development of children impact the child’s future. Exclusive breastfeeding is essential for the optimal growth and development of children. This study aimed to determine the effect of exclusive breastfeeding on the growth and development of infants aged 0-24 months. Subjects and Method: This was a cross-sectional study conducted at Wonokromo district, Surabaya, East Java, from June to July 2020. A total of 40 under-two-years children was selected by purposive sampling. The dependent variable was the growth and development of children. The data for the growth of children were collected by accessing weight-for-age, length/ height-for-age, and head circumference measurement. The data for the development of children were collected using Revised Prescreening Developmental questionnaires (R-PDQ). The independent variable was exclusive breastfeeding. The data were analyzed by chi-square. Results: Children receiving exclusive breastfeeding (96.8%) showed a better status of growth and development than without receiving exclusive breastfeeding (11.1%), and it was statistically significant (p < 0.001). Conclusion: Children receiving exclusive breastfeeding (96.8%) show a better status of growth and development than without receiving exclusive breastfeeding. Keywords: exclusive breastfeeding, growth and development, children Correspondence: Siska Nurul Abidah. Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Universitas Nahdlatul Ulama Surabaya. Jl. Raya Jemursari No.57, Jemur Wonosari, Wonocolo, Surabaya, East Java, 60237. Email: Siskanurul@unusa.ac.id. Mobile: +6282232261545. DOI: https://doi.org/10.26911/the7thicph.03.60
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Rosyidah, Milatur, Herawati Mansur, and Tri Mardiyanti. "The Difference of Development in Children Aged 6 Months Received Exclusive Breastfeeding Versus Formula Milk in Ciptomulyo Health Center, Malang, East Java." In The 7th International Conference on Public Health 2020. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.26911/the7thicph.03.111.
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ABSTRACT Background: Development during infancy occurs rapidly. Parent ability to meet their nutritional needs is needed to obtain optimal infants development. This study was to investigate the difference of development in children aged 6 months received exclusive breastfeeding versus formula milk Subjects and Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted at Ciptomulyo health center, Malang, East Java, from April to May 2017. A sample of 17 infants who received exclusive breastfeeding and 19 infants who received formula milk was selected by total sampling. The dependent variable was child development. The independent variables were exclusive breastfeeding and formula milk. Child development was measured by Denver Development Screening Test. Mean difference of child development between groups was measured by Mann Whitney. Results: Development score in children aged 6 months who received exclusive breastfeeding (Mean= 0.53; SD= 0.24) was higher than children who received formula milk (Mean= 0.47; SD= 0.01), and it was statistically significant (p= 0.003). Conclusion: Development score in children aged 6 months who received exclusive breastfeeding is higher than children who received formula milk. Keywords: child development, exclusive breastfeeding, formula milk Correspondence: Milatur Rosyidah. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret. Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java. Email: milatur387@gmail.com. Mobile: 089620575849. DOI: https://doi.org/10.26911/the7thicph.03.111
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Abidah, Siska Nurul, and Hinda Novianti. "EFFECT OF EXCLUSIVE BREASTFEEDING ON GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT OF INFANTS AGED 0-24 MONTHS." In The 7th International Conference on Public Health 2020. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.26911/the7thicph-fp.03.12.
Full textReports on the topic "Infants aged 0-6 months"
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วรรณลภากร, ณศมน. ผลระยะยาวของการให้วัคซีนไอกรนชนิดเต็มเซลล์ หรือไร้เซลล์ในเด็กทารกที่คลอดจากมารดาที่ได้รับวัคซีนไอกรนขณะตั้งครรภ์. คณะแพทยศาสตร์ จุฬาลงกรณ์มหาวิทยาลัย, 2018. https://doi.org/10.58837/chula.res.2018.26.
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Background: Pertussis vaccination in pregnant women is a strategy currently recommended to foster passive maternal immunity and minimize severe complications from pertussis in not yet completely vaccinated infants. However, the potential interference of maternal antibodies on the development of infant antibody responses induced by childhood whole cell pertussis (wP) and acellular pertussis (aP) vaccination is not well-defined. Methods: This randomized controlled trial (NCT02408926) followed healthy term infants born to tetanus diphtheria acellular pertussis (Tdap)-vaccinated mothers at a tertiary care hospital in Thailand between 2015-2018. Infants were randomized to receive either acellular pertussis (aP)containing vaccine (DTaP-IPV-Hib-HepB) or wP-containing vaccine (DTwP-HepB-Hib) at 2, 4, 6 and 18 months of age. A comparison group comprised of wP-vaccinated children born to unvaccinated mothers. Antibody levels against pertussis toxin (PT), filamentous haemagglutinin (FHA) and pertactin (PRN) were evaluated at month 2 (pre-priming), month 7 (post-priming), month 18 (prebooster), month 19 (one-month post-booster) and month 24 (six-month post-booster) using commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Results: In the presence of Tdap-induced maternal antibodies, infants vaccinated with aPcontaining vaccines possessed significantly higher antibody levels (p<0.001) against all three 8. pertussis antigens post priming compared to infants who received wP-containing vaccines. At one and six months post-booster, anti-PT levels were similar, whereas anti-FHA and anti-PRN levels were still significantly higher in the aP group. Significantly higher anti-PT levels (p<0.001) were detected among wP-vaccinated infants born to unvaccinated mothers compared to wP-vaccinated infants of Tdap-vaccinated mothers at post priming, one and six months post-booster. Conclusions: Maternal Tdap immunization can reduce the antibody responses in infants vaccinated with wP vaccines. This effect still persisted for anti-PT at the age of two years.
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Hodges, Leslie, Saied Toossi, Jessica E. Todd, and Cayley Ryan-Claytor. special supplemental Nutrition Program for women, infants, and children (WIC): background, trends, and economic issues. Economic Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2024.8254669.ers.
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The Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) provides supplementary foods, nutrition education, and referrals to healthcare and other social service agencies to low-income, nutritionally at-risk women, infants, and children up to 5 years of age. Administered by the U.S. Department of Agriculture's Food and Nutrition Service, WIC had an annual budget of $6 billion and served more than 6 million people each month in fiscal year 2022. The USDA's Economic Research Service periodically reports on research findings relevant to WIC policy and program operations, often following major changes in the program's design. This 2024 edition of the report explains how WIC works, discusses program trends, and summarizes research findings on key economic outcomes and policy issues facing the program. This report also outlines temporary changes to WIC in response to the Coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic and the infant formula supply chain disruptions that occurred in 2022.
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Meghir, Costas, Orazio P. Attanasio, Natalia Varela, Sally Grantham-McGregor, and Marta Rubio-Codina. The Socio-Economic Gradient of Child Development: Cross-Sectional Evidence from Children 6-42 Months In Bogota. Inter-American Development Bank, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0011641.
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We study the socio-economic gradient of child development on a representative sample of low- and middle-income children aged 6-42 months in Bogota, using the Bayley Scales of Infant Development, a high quality test based on direct observation of the child's abilities. We find a statistically significant difference between children in the 90th and 10th percentile of the wealth distribution in our sample of 0.33 standard deviations (SD) in cognition, 0.29 SD in receptive language and 0.38 SD in expressive language at 14 months. The socio-economic gap increases substantially with age to 1 SD (cognition), 0.80 SD (receptive language) and 0.69 SD (expressivelanguage) by 42 months. While the gap persists after controlling for mediating factors such as parental and biomedical characteristics, the level of stimulation in the home, and the quality of the institutional care setting; its size is significantly reduced by variables related to the home environment i.e. parental investments in care quantity and quality. These findings have important implications for the design of well-targeted, effective and timely interventions that promote early childhood development.
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Rubio-Codina, Marta, María Caridad Araujo, Orazio P. Attanasio, and Sally Grantham-McGregor. Concurrent Validity and Feasibility of Short Tests Currently Used to Measure Early Childhood Development in Large Scale Studies: Methodology and Results. Inter-American Development Bank, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0012283.
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In low- and middle-income countries (LIMCs) measuring early childhood development (ECD) with standard tests in large scale surveys (i.e. evaluations of interventions) is difficult and expensive. Multi-dimensional screeners and single-domain tests ('short tests') are frequentlyused as alternatives. However, their validity in these circumstances is unknown. We examine the feasibility, reliability, and concurrent validity of three multi-dimensional screeners -the Ages and Stages Questionnaires (ASQ-3), the Denver Developmental Screening Test (Denver-II), the Battelle Developmental Inventory screener (BDI-2) -and two single-domain tests- the MacArthur-Bates Short-Forms (SFI and SFII) and the WHO Motor Milestones (WHO-Motor)-in 1,311 children 6-42 months in Bogota, Colombia. We compare scores on these short tests to those on the Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development (Bayley-III), which we take as the 'gold standard'. The Bayley-III was given at a center by psychologists; whereas the short tests were administered in the home by interviewers, as in a survey setting. Concurrent validity of the multi-dimensional tests' cognitive, language, and fine motor scales with the corresponding Bayley-III scale is low below 19 months but increases with age, becoming moderate-to-high over 30 months. In contrast, gross motor scales' concurrence is high under 19 months and then decreases. Of the single-domain tests, the WHO-Motor has high validity with gross motor under 16 months, and the SFI and SFII expressive scales show moderate correlations with language under 30 months. Overall, the Denver-II seems the most feasible and valid multi-dimensional test and the ASQ-3 performs poorly under 31 months. By domain, gross motor development has the highest concurrence below 19 months, and language above. Results do not vary by household socio-economic status. Predictive validity investigation is nonetheless needed to further guide the choice of instruments for large scale studies.
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Corbacho, Ana, Steve Brito, and Rene Osorio Rivas. Does Birth Underregistration Reduce Childhood Immunization?: Evidence from the Dominican Republic. Inter-American Development Bank, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0011512.
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Birth registration is not only a fundamental human right, but also a requirement for obtaining additional documents, proving legal identity, and accessing a number of government benefits. Yet, little is known about the effects of birth under-registration on access to health care. Using data from the Dominican Republic, this paper is the first to shed light on the causal impact of the lack of birth registration on childhood immunization, one of the key components of public services in many developing countries. Controlling for potential endogeneity and standard socioeconomic determinants of immunization, this paper finds that children between 0 and 59 months of age that do not have birth certificates are behind by nearly one vaccine (out of a total of nine) compared to those that have birth certificates. The results are robust to several robustness tests and threats to the exclusion restriction of the instrumental variables. Birth under-registration specifically reduces the probability of vaccination against polio, diphtheria, pertussis, and tetanus--once leading causes of child morbidity and infant mortality. In addition, untimely vaccination costs governments billions per year in treatment and rehabilitation.
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Wills, Gabrielle, Janeli Kotzé, and Jesal Kika-Mistry. A Sector Hanging in the Balance: Early Childhood Development and Lockdown in South Africa. Research on Improving Systems of Education (RISE), 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.35489/bsg-rise-wp_2020/055.
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New evidence suggests that over four months after the closure of early childhood development (ECD) programmes on 18 March 2020, the ECD sector was likely to be operating at less than a quarter of its pre-lockdown levels. Of the 38 percent of respondents from the new NIDS-CRAM survey reporting that children aged 0-6 in their households had attended ECD programmes before the lockdown in March, only 12 percent indicated that children had returned to these programmes by mid-July, well after programmes were allowed to reopen. Using these findings, we estimate that just 13 percent of children aged 0-6 were attending ECD programmes by mid-July to mid-August compared to 47 percent in 2018. The last time that ECD attendance rates were as low as this was in the early 2000s. At this point it is not yet clear what proportion of these declines are only temporary, or whether there will be a lasting impact on ECD enrolment in the country. This dramatic contraction in the ECD sector relates to prohibitive costs to reopening ‘safely’ imposed by the regulatory environment, coupled with shocks to the demand side for ECD programmes (both in terms of reduced household incomes and parent fears of children contracting COVID-19). When viewed from a broader socio-economic lens, the threat of ECD programme closures across the nation will have impacts beyond ECD operators to the lives of millions of children, millions of households and millions of adults who rely on these ECD services. A swift intervention by government is necessary to save this important sector and limit the ripple effect of programme closures on multiple layers of society.