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Books on the topic 'Infectious diseases spread'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 10 February 2022

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1

1970-, Lloyd Alun, ed. The geographic spread of infectious diseases: Models and applications. Princeton University Press, 2009.

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2

Sattenspiel, Lisa. The geographic spread of infectious diseases: Models and applications. Princeton University Press, 2009.

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3

Manfredi, Piero, and Alberto D'Onofrio, eds. Modeling the Interplay Between Human Behavior and the Spread of Infectious Diseases. Springer New York, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-5474-8.

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4

United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Foreign Relations. The threat of bioterrorism and the spread of infectious diseases: Hearing before the Committee on Foreign Relations, United States Senate, One Hundred Seventh Congress, first session, September 5, 2001. U.S. G.P.O., 2001.

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5

Krämer, Sybille. Medium, Messenger, Transmission. Amsterdam University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.5117/9789462983083.

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This rich study provides a comprehensive introduction to media philosophy while offering a new perspective on the concept and function of transmission media in all systems of exchange. Krämer uses the figure of the messenger as a key metaphor, examining a diverse range of transmission events, including the circulation of money, translation of languages, angelic visitations, spread of infectious diseases, and processes of transference and counter-transference that occur during psychoanalysis.

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6

Sentā, Nihon Kokusai Kōryū. Japan's response to the spread of HIV/AIDS. Japan Center for International Exchange, 2004.

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7

Tundaleva, Irina. Sanitation and hygiene of hairdressing services. INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/979063.

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The purpose of the tutorial is to highlight the specifics of sanitary and hygienic requirements for the work of hairdressers and their employees. The specific features of the applied technologies for disinfection of instruments are described. Issues related to the need to comply with sanitary and hygienic standards are highlighted. The section of Microbiology related to the field of hairdressing services is considered. The topics of preventing the spread of infectious diseases are covered in detail, and the types of skin diseases are described. A separate section is devoted to competent care of the scalp and hair, face skin, nails. Meets the requirements for the profession of a hairdresser in accordance with the Federal state educational standard of secondary professional education of the last generation in the specialty 43.02.13 "technology of hairdressing". For students who receive secondary special education in hairdressing specialties.

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8

S, Ayensu Edward, ed. HIV/AIDS, knowledge protects: New and specific approaches to contain the spread of HIV in developing countries. Strauss, 2001.

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9

Berndtson, Eva. Campylobacter in broiler chickens: The mode of spread in chicken flocks with special reference to food hygiene. Sveriges Lantbruksuniversitet, 1996.

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10

United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Foreign Relations. Halting the spread of HIV/AIDS: Future efforts in the U.S. bilateral and multilateral response : hearings before the Committee on Foreign Relations, United States Senate, One Hundred Seventh Congress, second session, February 13 and 14, 2002. U.S. G.P.O., 2002.

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11

United States. Congress. House. Committee on International Relations. The spread of AIDS in the developing world: Hearing before the Committee on International Relations, House of Representatives, One Hundred Fifth Congress, second session, September 16, 1998. U.S. G.P.O., 1998.

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12

Sattenspiel, Lisa. Geographic Spread of Infectious Diseases: Models and Applications. Princeton University Press, 2009.

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13

Sattenspiel, Lisa. Geographic Spread of Infectious Diseases: Models and Applications. Princeton University Press, 2009.

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14

Sattenspiel, Lisa. Geographic Spread of Infectious Diseases: Models and Applications. Princeton University Press, 2009.

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15

Cliff, A. D., M. R. Smallman-Raynor, P. Haggett, D. F. Stroup, and S. B. Thacker. Infectious Diseases: A Geographical Analysis. Oxford University Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199244737.001.0001.

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The last four decades of human history have seen the emergence of an unprecedented number of 'new' infectious diseases: the familiar roll call includes AIDS, Ebola, H5N1 influenza, hantavirus, hepatitis E, Lassa fever, legionnaires' and Lyme diseases, Marburg fever, Rift Valley fever, SARS, and West Nile. The outbreaks range in scale from global pandemics that have brought death and misery to millions, through to self-limiting outbreaks of mainly local impact. Some outbreaks have erupted explosively but have already faded away; some grumble along or continue to devastate as now persistent features in the medical lexicon; in others, a huge potential threat hangs uncertainly and worryingly in the air. Some outbreaks are merely local, others are worldwide. This book looks at the epidemiological and geographical conditions which underpin disease emergence. What are the processes which lead to emergence? Why now in human history? Where do such diseases emerge and how do they spread or fail to spread around the globe? What is the armoury of surveillance and control measures that may curb the impact of such diseases? But, uniquely, it sets these questions on the modern period of disease emergence in an historical context. First, it uses the historical record to set recent events against a much broader temporal canvas, finding emergence to be a constant theme in disease history rather than one confined to recent decades. It concludes that it is the quantitative pace of emergence, rather than its intrinsic nature, that separates the present period from earlier centuries. Second, it looks at the spatial and ecological setting of emergence, using hundreds of specially-drawn maps to chart the source areas of new diseases and the pathways of their spread. The book is divided into three main sections: Part 1 looks at early disease emergence, Part 2 at the processes of disease emergence, and Part 3 at the future for emergent diseases.

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16

Stewart, Alex G., Sam Ghebrehewet, and Peter MacPherson. New and emerging infectious diseases. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198745471.003.0026.

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This chapter describes the increasing global problem of new and emerging infections, many zoonotic, ranging from the recently described Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) to bacteria now resistant to all locally available antimicrobial agents. The environmental, human, technological, and microbial factors contributing to disease emergence are assessed. Changes in environment and land use result in the spread of vector-borne diseases into new areas, and global travel and trade may introduce pathogens to non-immune populations. The breakdown of health services following political change or during conflict can result in the resurgence of previously controlled communicable diseases. The importance of collaboration between human and veterinary health services is emphasized, and the UK ‘DATER’ strategy (Detection, Assessment, Treatment, Escalation, Recovery) for dealing with pandemic influenza is applied to new and emerging infections. Finally, the role of internet-based, syndromic surveillance to create early awareness of new infections is considered.

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17

D'Onofrio, Alberto, and Piero Manfredi. Modeling the Interplay Between Human Behavior and the Spread of Infectious Diseases. Springer, 2015.

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18

D'Onofrio, Alberto, and Piero Manfredi. Modeling the Interplay Between Human Behavior and the Spread of Infectious Diseases. Springer, 2013.

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19

Modeling The Interplay Between Human Behavior And The Spread Of Infectious Diseases. Springer, 2012.

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20

Humphreys, Hilary, William Irving, Bridget Atkins, and Andrew Woodhouse. Oxford Case Histories in Infectious Diseases and Microbiology. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198846482.001.0001.

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The case format highlights key issues in presenting features, diagnosis, management, and prevention, and lends itself well to cases of infection. Those chosen reflect both common and important pathogens/infections, and less frequent but important conditions in terms of the outcome or the risk of onward spread. The cases are divided according to the main organ systems, such as respiratory and gastrointestinal, with a section for systemic infections and miscellaneous for those cases that do not neatly fit into any category. The book focuses on ensuring that the reader is aware of how to confirm a diagnosis rapidly, with references throughout to evolving laboratory techniques, provides advice on therapy, discusses recent epidemiological features, and addresses areas where there is some controversy. A combination of clinical photographs, imaging, laboratory illustrations, tables, and figures are included to highlight key points or features. Further reading provides information on aspects where there are ongoing developments. For the trainee in clinical microbiology and infection, it is not possible to cover all aspects of any curriculum in this format, and they are recommended to consult other sources. However, the cases presented will assist both them and their trainers in keeping abreast of recent developments and reminding them of key principles.

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21

Biden, Joe. Threat of Bioterrorism and the Spread of Infectious Diseases: Hearing Before the Committee on Foreign Relations, U.S. Senate. Diane Pub Co, 2003.

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22

Understanding New, Resurgent, and Resistant Diseases: How Man and Globalization Create and Spread Illness. Praeger Publishers, 2007.

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23

Owen, Jennifer C., Dana M. Hawley, and Kathryn P. Huyvaert, eds. Infectious Disease Ecology of Wild Birds. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198746249.001.0001.

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Disease ecology is an interdisciplinary field that recognizes that the host–parasite interaction is shaped by the environment and can affect and be affected by the processes that occur across all levels of ecological organization. This book focuses on the dynamics of infectious diseases for wild avian hosts across different scales of biological organization—from within-host processes to landscape-level patterns. Parasite–bird interactions are both influenced by and have consequences for every level of ecological hierarchy, from the physiology, behavior, and evolution of individual hosts up to the complex biotic and abiotic interactions occurring within biological communities and ecosystems. As the most diverse group of extant vertebrates, birds have evolved to utilize every ecological niche on earth, giving them the capacity to serve as a host of pathogens in every part of the world. The diversity of birds is outmatched only by the diversity of the parasite fauna infecting them. Given the overwhelming diversity of both avian hosts and their parasites, we have only scratched the surface regarding the role that pathogens play in avian biology and the role that birds play in the maintenance and spread of zoonotic pathogens. In addition to this understudied diversity, parasite–bird interactions are increasingly occurring in rapidly changing global environments—thus, their ecology is changing—and this shapes the complex ways by which parasites influence the interconnected health of birds, humans, and shared ecosystems. The chapters in this book illustrate that the understanding of these complex and multiscale interactions requires an inherently integrative approach.

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24

United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Foreign Relations, ed. 107-1 Hearing: The Threat Of Bioterrorism And The Spread Of Infectious Diseases, S. Hrg. 107-124, September 5, 2001. s.n., 2001.

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25

Bellenir, Karen. Infectious Diseases Sourcebook: Basic Consumer Health Information About Non-Contagious Bacterial, Viral, Prion, Fungal, and Parasitic Diseases spread by ... Insects and A (Health Reference Series). Omnigraphics, 2004.

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26

Bellenir, Karen. Contagious Diseases Sourcebook: Basic Consumer Health Information About Infectious Diseases Spread by Person-To-Person Contact Through Direct Touch, Airborne ... Sexual Con (Health Reference Series). Omnigraphics, 2004.

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27

Russi, Mark. Biological Hazards. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190662677.003.0016.

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This chapter describes various biological hazards and their impact on workers and others. A major focus of the chapter is biological hazards in healthcare and laboratory settings, including exposure to bloodborne pathogens and prevention of diseases related to them. Sections deal with sharps injuries, HIV/AIDS, hepatitis B virus, hepatitis C virus, tuberculosis, and other infectious diseases that can be acquired in the work environment via direct contact, droplet or airborne spread, or fecal-oral transmission. In addition, infectious agents spread by animal contact or arthropod vectors in a broad range of settings will be addressed. Newly emerging infectious or re-emerging infections, such as those due to H5N1 and novel H1N1 influenza, Middle Eastern respiratory syndrome (MERS), and Ebola Virus Disease (EVD) as well as agents associated with bioterrorism are discussed.

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28

Phin, Nick, Falguni Naik, Elaine Stanford, and Sam Ghebrehewet. Legionnaires’ disease. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198745471.003.0009.

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This chapter describes Legionnaires’ disease and its importance as a preventable cause of severe pneumonia—one that mainly affects older people and has a high mortality rate. The background information and epidemiology of Legionnaires’ disease describe the salient points succinctly. The approach to surveillance and public health management is described in detail, as, unlike many infectious diseases, the source of infection is in the environment and infection is not spread from person to person. A case study is used to describe a typical scenario, the principles used in the investigation, as well as the management and control of such incidents. Top tips are provided to reinforce key and essential activities.

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29

US GOVERNMENT. The threat of bioterrorism and the spread of infectious diseases: Hearing before the Committee on Foreign Relations, United States Senate, One Hundred ... Congress, first session, September 5, 2001. For sale by the Supt. of Docs., U.S. G.P.O., [Congressional Sales Office], 2001.

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30

Molecular Diagnostics and Biological Safety 2021. COVID-19: Epidemiology, Diagnosis and Prophylaxis: Conference Abstracts. Central Research Institute for Epidemiology, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36233/978-5-6045286-2-4.

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The pandemic of the new coronavirus infection has spread to more than 200 countries. To date, over 130 million people have been affected and over 2.8 million have died. COVID-19 infection has a number of specific epidemiological and clinical features. In severe cases of the disease, acute respiratory distress syndrome develops, which is often fatal. The SARS-CoV-2 virus is susceptible to mutations, which alarms the scientific community all over the world. Therefore, scientific research in the field of COVID-19, the search for new diagnostic tools, methods for nonspecific and specific prevention and treatment are central topics today.This collection contains abstracts submitted by leading experts in the field of epidemiology, clinics of infectious diseases, molecular diagnostics, young researchers and medical practitioners. Published materials contain data on the methods of molecular diagnostics of COVID-19, se-quencing of the SARS-CoV-2 genome, epidemiology of new coronavirus infection, immuno-pathogenesis of COVID-19, clinical features of infection and treatment options, as well as the study of post-infectious and post-vaccination immunity and examples of complex measures for nonspecific prevention of COVID-19.The materials of the Congress are of interest to doctors and researchers of all specialties, teachers of secondary and higher educational institutions.

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31

Simpson, A., E. Aarons, and R. Hewson. Marburg and Ebola viruses. Oxford University Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198570028.003.0038.

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Infection with Marburg and Ebola viruses cause haemorrhagic fevers that are characterized by organ malfunction, bleeding complications, and high mortality. The viruses are members of the family Filoviridae, a group of membrane-enveloped filamentous RNA viruses. Five distinct species of the genus Ebolavirus have been reported; the genus Marburgvirus contains only one species. Both Marburg and Ebola virus diseases are zoonotic infections whose primary hosts are thought to be bats. The initial human infection is acquired from wildlife and subsequent person-to-person spread propagates the outbreak until it is brought under control. Ebola and Marburg viruses are classified as hazard or risk group 4 pathogens because of the very high case fatality rates observed for Ebola and Marburg virus diseases, the frequency of person-to-person transmission and community spread, and the lack of an approved vaccine or antiviral therapy. This mandates that infectious materials are handled and studied in maximum containment laboratory facilities. Epidemics have occurred sporadically since the discovery of Marburg in 1967 and Ebola virus in 1976. While some of these outbreaks have been relatively large, infecting a few hundreds of individuals, they have generally occurred in rural settings and have been controlled relatively easily. However, the 2013–2016 epidemic of Ebola virus disease in West Africa was different, representing the first emergence of the Zaire species of Ebola in a high-density urban location. Consequently, this has been the largest recorded filovirus outbreak in both the number of people infected and the range of geographical spread. Many of the reported and confirmed cases were among people living in high-density and impoverished urban environments. The chapter summarizes the most up-to-date taxonomic status of the family Filoviridae. It focuses on Marburg and Ebola viruses in a historical context, culminating in the 2013–2016 outbreak of Ebola virus in West Africa. Virus biology of the most well-studied member is described, with details of the viral genome and the protein machinery necessary to propagate viruses at the molecular and cellular level. This information is used to build a wider-scale virus–host perspective with detail on the pathology and pathogenesis of Ebola virus disease. The consequences of cell infection are examined, together with our current understanding of the immune response to Ebola virus, leading to a broader description of the clinical features of disease. The chapter closes by drawing information together in a section on diagnosis, ecology, prevention, and control.

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32

Schmid-Hempel, Paul. Evolutionary Parasitology. 2nd ed. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198832140.001.0001.

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Parasites are ubiquitous and shape almost every aspect of their hosts, including physiology, behaviour, life histories, the structure of the microbiota, and entire communities. Hence, parasitism is one of the most potent forces in nature and, without parasites, the world would look very different. The book gives an overview over the parasite groups and the diversity of defences that hosts have evolved, such as immune systems. Principles of evolutionary biology and ecology analyse major elements of host–parasite interactions, including virulence, infection processes, tolerance, resistance, specificity, memory, polymorphisms, within-host dynamics, diseases spaces, and many other aspects. Genetics is always one of the key elements in these topics. Modelling, furthermore, can predict best strategies for host and parasites. Similarly, the spread of an infectious disease in epidemiology combines with molecular data and genomics. Furthermore, parasites have evolved ways to overcome defences and to manipulate their hosts. Hosts and parasites, therefore, continuously co-evolve, with changes sometimes occurring very rapidly, and sometimes requiring geological times. Many infectious diseases of humans have emerged from a zoonotic origin, in processes governed by the basic principles discussed in the different sections. Hence, this book integrates different fields to study the diversity of host–parasite processes and phenomena. It summarizes the essential topics for the study of evolutionary parasitology and will be useful for a broad audience.

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33

Govan, John, and Andrew Jones. Microbiology of CF lung disease. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198702948.003.0003.

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This chapter presents the microbiology of CF and describes the classical bacterial pathogens including Staphylococcus aureus, Haemophilus influenza, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and organisms of the Burkholderia cepacia complex. The dominant of these is P. aeruginosa. Infections with other opportunistic pathogens including non-tuberculous mycobacteria, Stenotrophomonas maltophila, and Achromobacter (Alcaligenes) xylosoxidans are also encountered. This chapter details measures to prevent the onset of chronic infection with these organisms include regular screening of respiratory tract samples for bacterial pathogens and the use of aggressive antibiotic therapy to eradicate initial infection before the pathogen can adapt to the environment of the CF lung. Patient-to-patient spread of transmissible strains of bacterial pathogens has led to the implementation of strict infection control measures at CF centres, including patient segregation. In addition to bacterial pathogens, the contribution of fungal infection in CF lung disease is increasingly recognized.

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34

Karen, Bellenir, ed. Infectious diseases sourcebook: Basic consumer health information about non-contagious bacterial, viral, prion, fungal, and parasitic diseases spread by food and water, insects and animals, or environmental contact, including botulism, E. coli, encephalitis, Legionnaires' disease, Lyme disease, malaria, plague, rabies, salmonella, tetanus, and others, and facts about newly emerging diseases, such as hantavirus, mad cow disease, monkeypox, and West Nile virus, along with information about preventing disease transmission, the threat of bioterrorism, and current research initiatives, with a glossary and directory of resources for more information. Omnigraphics, 2004.

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35

Török, M. Estée, Fiona J. Cooke, and Ed Moran. Sexually transmitted infections. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199671328.003.0018.

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This chapter covers the diagnosis and management of sexually transmitted infections, including bacterial vaginosis, with causes including vaginal discharge, vulvovaginal candidiasis, and trichomoniasis. The chapter also covers vulvovaginal candidiasis, genital warts or anogenital warts caused by human papillomavirus, tropical genital ulceration (which is commoner in patients presenting with sexually transmitted infections in the developing world and is an important factor in the spread of HIV), genital herpes, pelvic inflammatory disease, toxic shock syndrome, gonorrhoea, chlamydia, trichomoniasis, and syphilis.

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36

Essential facts about Covid-19: the disease, the responses, and an uncertain future. For South African learners, teachers, and the general public. Academy of Science of South Africa (ASSAf), 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/assaf.2021/0072.

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The first cases of a new coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) were identified toward the end of 2019 in Wuhan, China. Over the following months, this virus spread to everywhere in the world. By now no country has been spared the devastation from the loss of lives from the disease (Covid-19) and the economic and social impacts of responses to mitigate the impact of the virus. Our lives in South Africa have been turned upside down as we try to make the best of this bad situation. The 2020 school year was disrupted with closure and then reopening in a phased approach, as stipulated by the Department of Education. This booklet is a collective effort by academics who are Members of the Academy of Science of South Africa (ASSAf) and other invited scholars to help you appreciate some of the basic scientific facts that you need to know in order to understand the present crisis and the various options available to respond to it. We emphasise that the threat of infectious diseases is not an entirely new phenomenon that has sprung onto the stage out of nowhere. Infectious diseases and pandemics have been with us for centuries, in fact much longer. Scientists have warned us for years of the need to prepare for the next pandemic. Progress in medicine in the course of the 20th century has been formidable. Childhood mortality has greatly decreased almost everywhere in the world, thanks mainly, but not only, to the many vaccines that have been developed. Effective drugs now exist for many deadly diseases for which there were once no cures. For many of us, this progress has generated a false sense of security. It has caused us to believe that the likes of the 1918 ‘Spanish flu’ pandemic, which caused some 50 million deaths around the world within a span of a few months, could not be repeated in some form in today’s modern world. The Covid-19 pandemic reminds us that as new cures for old diseases are discovered, new diseases come along for which we are unprepared. And every hundred or so years one of these diseases wreaks havoc on the world and interferes severely with our usual ways of going about our lives. Today’s world has become increasingly interconnected and interdependent, through trade, migrations, and rapid air travel. This globalisation makes it easier for epidemics to spread, somewhat offsetting the power of modern medicine. In this booklet we have endeavoured to provide an historical perspective, and to enrich your knowledge with some of the basics of medicine, viruses, and epidemiology. Beyond the immediate Covid-19 crisis, South Africa faces a number of other major health challenges: highly unequal access to quality healthcare, widespread tuberculosis, HIV infection causing AIDS, a high prevalence of mental illness, and a low life expectancy, compared to what is possible with today’s medicine. It is essential that you, as young people, also learn about the nature of these new challenges, so that you may contribute to finding future solutions.

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37

Smallman-Raynor, Matthew, and Andrew Cliff. War Epidemics. Oxford University Press, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198233640.001.0001.

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Down the ages, war epidemics have decimated the fighting strength of armies, caused the suspension and cancellation of military operations, and have brought havoc to the civil populations of belligerent and non-belligerent states alike. This book examines the historical occurrence and geographical spread of infectious diseases in association with past wars. It addresses an intrinsically geographical question: how are the spatial dynamics of epidemics influenced by military operations and the directives of war? The term historical geography in the title indicates the authors' primary concern with qualitative analyses of archival source materials over a 150-year time period from 1850, and this is combined with quantitative analyses less frequently associated with historical studies.

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38

Jacquet, Gabrielle, and Lawrence Page. Odontogenic Infections. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199976805.003.0013.

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Odontogenic infections often arise from dental caries (usually the mandibular teeth) or from dental extraction. Acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis (ANUG) is more common in immunocompromised patients. These infections may spread into the parapharyngeal and retropharyngeal spaces, involving the airway and mediastinum. Airway management is critical as odontogenic infections can compromise airways via mass effect. Complications include the following: abscess, facial or orbital cellulitis/abscess, intracranial invasion, Ludwig’s angina, Lemierre syndrome, carotid artery erosion, descending necrotizing mediastinitis, airway compromise, hematogenous dissemination to distant organs, intraoral or dentocutaneous fistula formation, and cardiovascular disease. Antibiotics are not a substitute for definitive airway management. In addition, many cases of odontogenic infection will require surgical drainage, either at the bedside in the emergency department or in the operating room. Prior to this, consider using a nerve block to obtain anesthesia to the affected area of the face. Patients with necrotizing infections need emergent surgery with wide local debridement.

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39

Namatame, Akira, and Takanori Komatsu. Modeling of Desirable Socioeconomic Networks. Edited by Shu-Heng Chen, Mak Kaboudan, and Ye-Rong Du. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199844371.013.15.

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This chapter discusses the issues of designing desirable socioeconomic networks. Such networks permeate our lives. Evidence of this has generated increasing interest in dynamic processes in complex networks, especially the interplay between processes and the influences of network structure on performance and robustness. Performance optimization and robustness are important issues of socioeconomic networks. Diffusion is the process by which new products are invented and successfully introduced into a society (good diffusion) or infectious diseases spread (bad diffusion). Many studies shed light on how network topology interacts with the structure of social networked systems such as financial institutions to determine systemwide crises. In this context, entire classes of optimization problems range from maximizing the diffusion of innovations to minimizing risk distributions and cascade failures. The structure of interconnections influences network performance.

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40

(Editor), Karen Bellenir, and Peter D. Dresser (Editor), eds. Food and Animal Borne Diseases Sourcebook: Basic Information About Diseases That Can Be Spread to Humans Through the Ingestion of Contaminated Food or ... Infected Animals (Health Reference Series). Omnigraphics, 1995.

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41

Schechter, Marcos. Viral Hemorrhagic Fevers (Ebola, Lassa, Hantavirus). Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199976805.003.0066.

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Viral hemorrhagic fever (VHF) designates diseases caused by enveloped, single-stranded RNA viruses belonging to the families Ebola, Lassa, Hantavirus, and yellow fever. Unifying features include fever, capillary leak, and coagulation defects. These viruses can affect all organ systems; transmission occurs via contact with rodent excretions, either by ingestion or through mucosa or non-intact skin. Aerosolized rodent urine and saliva are also infectious. Person-to-person spread has been documented in Lassa and Machupo viruses, both by direct contact with bodily fluids and by airborne transmission. Thrombocytopenia is a common laboratory finding. Most acutely ill patients have high concentrations of virus in the blood as measured by polymerase chain reaction assay. Clinical differentiation between the various causes of VHF is difficult. Care is supportive. No antiviral drug, including ribavirin, has activity against these viruses. Most of these diseases do not occur naturally in the United States; however, some are considered viable for bioterrorism.

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42

Mancke, Elizabeth. Polity Formation and Atlantic Political Narratives. Edited by Nicholas Canny and Philip Morgan. Oxford University Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199210879.013.0022.

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From a global perspective, the Atlantic basin was an extremely dynamic arena of political change in the early modern era. Polity formation, re-formation, and collapse occurred as collateral consequences of European expansion, whether the spread of infectious diseases, the establishment of settler colonies, or commercial opportunities. Thus new polities arose in West Africa to engage in maritime trade with Europeans, Comanches came to the fore on the southern Plains of North America by dominating the market for horses, and the St Lawrence Iroquoians collapsed in the face of overwhelming pressures. Yet these diverse examples of political change tend to be pushed to the margins of the historical narrative of governance in the Atlantic world which is still stalwartly Eurocentric, bracketed, as it were, with the European settlement of colonies, their maturation, and their bids for independence in the Age of Revolution.

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43

Doherty, Peter C. Pandemics. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/wentk/9780199898107.001.0001.

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From HIV to H1N1, pandemics pose one of the greatest threats to global health in the twenty-first century. Defined as epidemics of infectious disease across large geographic areas, pandemics can disseminate globally with incredible speed as humans and goods move faster than ever before. While vaccines, drugs, quarantine, and education can reduce the severity of many outbreaks, factors such as global warming, population density, and antibiotic resistance have complicated our ability to fight disease. Respiratory infections like influenza and SARS spread quickly as a consequence of modern, mass air travel, while unsafe health practices promote the spread of viruses like HIV/AIDS and hepatitis C. In Pandemics: What Everyone Needs to Know, Nobel Prize-winning immunologist Peter C. Doherty addresses the history of pandemics and explores the ones that persist today. He considers what promotes global spread, the types of pathogens most present today and the level of threat they pose, and how to combat outbreaks and mitigate their effects. Concise and informative, Pandemics will serve as the best compact consideration of this topic, written by a major authority in the field.

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44

Karen, Bellenir, and Dresser Peter D, eds. Food and animal borne diseases sourcebook: Basic information about diseases that can be spread to humans through the ingestion of contaminated food or water or by contact with infected animals and insects ... Omnigraphics, 1995.

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45

Mack, Damien, Simon Warren, Shara Palanivel, and Christopher P. Conlon. Fungal bone and joint infections. Edited by Christopher C. Kibbler, Richard Barton, Neil A. R. Gow, Susan Howell, Donna M. MacCallum, and Rohini J. Manuel. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198755388.003.0020.

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Although fungal infections of bones and joints are rare, the increasing incidence of invasive fungal disease, along with an increased population of immunosuppressed patients and individuals with multiple comorbidities, means that these infections are also increasing. The most common organisms are Candida and Aspergillus species, although the endemic dimorphic fungi are responsible for significant numbers of cases in some parts of the world. Most infections occur following haematogenous spread, but invasion from contiguous infection occurs, as does direct inoculation after trauma or surgery. Clinical presentations differ somewhat between children and adults, with the latter more likely to have vertebral osteomyelitis. Clinical presentations may be subtle, often without fever or raised inflammatory markers, and diagnosis may be delayed as a consequence. Diagnosis rests on clinical suspicion coupled with the need to obtain tissue for culture and for histology. Appropriate antifungal therapy usually needs to be prolonged and combined with surgical debridement.

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46

Cooke, Tony, Denis Persley, and Susan House, eds. Diseases of Fruit Crops in Australia. CSIRO Publishing, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/9780643098282.

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Diseases of Fruit Crops in Australia is the new standard reference in applied plant pathology in Australia covering important diseases affecting the broad range of fruit and nut crops grown throughout Australia. It is an essential tool for growers, horticulturists, crop consultants, research scientists, plant pathologists, quarantine officers, agribusiness representatives, pest management personnel, educators and students. The book is generously illustrated with high quality colour images to help diagnose diseases and explains how to identify and manage each disease, describing the symptoms of the disease, its importance, the source of infection and spread and control measures. Based on the highly regarded 1993 edition of Diseases of Fruit Crops, this new work updates management practices that have evolved since then. Importantly, it contains the latest information on diseases that have recently emerged in Australia as well as exotic diseases that are biosecurity threats to Australian fruit and nut production.

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47

Scheidel, Walter, ed. The Science of Roman History. Princeton University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.23943/princeton/9780691195988.001.0001.

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This book provides the first comprehensive look at how the latest advances in the sciences are transforming our understanding of ancient Roman history. The book explores novel types of evidence that enable us to reconstruct the realities of life in the Roman world. Chapters discuss climate change and its impact on Roman history, and then cover botanical and animal remains, which cast new light on agricultural and dietary practices. They exploit the rich record of human skeletal material—both bones and teeth—which forms a bio-archive that has preserved vital information about health, nutritional status, diet, disease, working conditions, and migration. There is an in-depth analysis of trends in human body height, a marker of general well-being. The book also assesses the contribution of genetics to our understanding of the past, demonstrating how ancient DNA is used to track infectious diseases, migration, and the spread of livestock and crops, while the DNA of modern populations helps us reconstruct ancient migrations, especially colonization. Opening a path toward a genuine biohistory of Rome and the wider ancient world, the book offers an accessible introduction to the scientific methods being used in this exciting new area of research, as well as an up-to-date survey of recent findings and a tantalizing glimpse of what the future holds.

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48

1973-, Kulis Marzena, ed. Truck drivers and casual sex: An inquiry into the potential spread of HIV/AIDS in the Baltic Region. World Bank, 2004.

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49

Persley, Denis, Tony Cooke, and Susan House, eds. Diseases of Vegetable Crops in Australia. CSIRO Publishing, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/9780643100435.

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Diseases of Vegetable Crops in Australia provides a diagnostic guide and a key reference for diseases affecting vegetable crops in Australia. This is an extensively revised and expanded edition of a previous publication that was a standard reference for the Australian vegetable industry. Authors from across Australia provide essential information about the important diseases affecting most vegetable grown across Australia’s diverse horticultural production areas. The book includes an account of the causes of plant diseases and the principles underlying their control. It provides an overview of important diseases common to many Australian vegetable crops. Causal pathogens, symptoms, source of infection, how the diseases are spread and recommended management are described for 36 major and specialty crops. Special reference is made to exotic diseases that are biosecurity threats to Australian vegetable production. The text is supported by quality colour images to help growers diagnose diseases.

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50

(Editor), Dick Schapink, ed. The Bwana Kiko Story: An Interactive Health Education Method to Promote Safe Sexual Behaviour for Controlling the Spread of Std/HIV. Koninklijk Instituut Voor de Tropen, 2001.

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