Journal articles: 'Infiltration – Simulation, Méthodes de'

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Sabimana, Richard Gasigwa, Roger Kizungu Vumilia, Cush Ngonzo Luwesi, Fidélise Ntedika Benga, Yves Lukuke Aseke, Nana Nkiassi Ngadume, Lydie Phemba Botulu, Chantal Palabina Gese, Margueritte Atinandunga Mondulu, and Nkongolo Mbuya Jean. "Estimation des apports hydrologiques annuels du réservoir du cycle hydrologique des eaux du sol et de la nappe aquifère du bassin versant de la N’djili, Ville de Kinshasa, République Démocratique du Congo." Revue Africaine d’Environnement et d’Agriculture 8, no. 1 (May 16, 2025): 33–46. https://doi.org/10.4314/rafea.v8i1.4.

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Description du sujet. Plusieurs études réalisées dans certains bassins du monde démontrent dans le contexte du changement climatique planétaire que les ressources en eau diminuent sous l’influence des activités anthropiques respectivement dans les domaines de l’agriculture, l’élevage, l’urbanisation et l’industrialisation. Le bassin versant de la N’djili est un bassin à vocation agricole et est sujet à des pressions anthropiques. Objectif. L’objectif de cette étude est d’estimer dans le contexte du changement climatique, les apports hydrologiques annuels des aquifères, afin de connaitre la réserve en eau du sol et la qualité des eaux des aquifères du bassin versant de la N’djili en 2023, dans la ville de Kinshasa en RDC. Méthodes. La méthode SWAT a été utilisée pour la simulation du cycle hydrologique à l’aide de l’équation du bilan hydrique. L’estimation des apports du cycle hydrologique dans les aquifères du bassin versant par l’équation du bilan hydrique a permis de vérifier l’hypothèse du départ. Résultats. Les résultats de cette étude ont montré que les apports hydrologiques dans les aquifères du bassin versant de la N’djili sont stables durant la période 2023, malgré la pression anthropique que subisse ce dernier. Les stocks en eaux restent stables grâce à des recharges et des infiltrations régulières. Les infiltrations des pollutions d’origine agricole dans les aquifères sont tributaires de la profondeur moyenne de la surface jusqu'à la nappe phréatique. Conclusion. Des études ultérieures dans le bassin versant de N’djili sont nécessaires en vue de connaitre le bilan hydrique des eaux de surface, l’état trophique, la qualité des eaux, etc. Description of the subject. In the context of global climate change, several studies carried out in some of the world's basins show that water resources are diminishing under the influence of anthropogenic activities in the fields of agriculture, livestock breeding, urbanization and industrialization respectively. The N'djili watershed is an agricultural basin and is subject to anthropogenic pressures. Objectives. The aim of this study is to estimate, in the context of climate change, the annual hydrological inputs of aquifers, in order to know the soil water reserve and the water quality of aquifers in the N'djili watershed in 2023, in the city of Kinshasa, DRC. Methods. The SWAT method was used for the simulation of the hydrological cycle using the water balance equation. The estimation of the contributions of the hydrological cycle in the aquifers of the watershed by the water balance equation made it possible to verify the initial hypothesis. Results. The results of this study showed that the hydrological contributions in the aquifers of the N'djili watershed are stable during the period 2023, despite the anthropogenic pressure that the latter is undergoing Water stocks remain stable thanks to regular recharges and infiltrations. The infiltration of pollution of agricultural origin into the aquifers depends on the average depth from the surface to the water table. Conclusion. Des études ultérieures dans le bassin versant de N’djili sont nécessaires en vue de connaitre le bilan hydrique des eaux de surface, l’état trophique, la qualité des eaux, etc.

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Quesnel, Thierry, Gilles Cholley, and Jean-Jacques Lehot. "La simulation en santé : méthodes et approches." Interbloc 38, no. 1 (January 2019): 22–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bloc.2019.01.002.

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Ocaktan, Tarik, and Michel Juillard. "Méthodes de simulation des modèles stochastiques d'équilibre général." Économie & prévision 183, no. 2 (2008): 115–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/ecop.2008.7809.

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Juillard, Michel, and Tarik Ocaktan. "Méthodes de simulation des modèles stochastiques d'équilibre général." Économie & prévision 183-184, no. 2 (2008): 115. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/ecop.183.0115.

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Siala, Aida, Gilles Halin, and Abdelwaheb Bani. "Une approche didactique des outils BIM au service de la durabilité : vers une conception écologique numériquement assistée." SHS Web of Conferences 147 (2022): 08001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/202214708001.

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La compétence en Simulations de la Performance Energétique (SPE) est un atout fondamental pour un architecte. Être capable de lire des résultats de simulation et d’adapter sa conception en conséquence est devenu une capacité essentielle chez les architectes diplômés. Cependant, enseigner la SPE aux étudiants peut être difficile, souvent en raison de la complexité des logiciels et des méthodes, mais aussi de la multitude des informations qui entrent en jeu. Afin de sensibiliser au rôle des outils BIM dans l’amélioration de la performance énergétique, cet article propose et expérimente une approche d’optimisation simplifiée basée sur trois différentes méthodes de simulation. L’expérimentation de ces méthodes a démontré leur capacité à guider la prise de décision vers une conception plus performante et plus respectueuse de son environnement et a suggéré une expérimentation future plus globale de l’approche proposée.

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Post, Wendy, and Evert Van Imhoff. "Méthodes de micro-simulation pour des projections de population." Population Vol. 52, no. 4 (April 1, 1997): 889–932. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/popu.p1997.52n4.0932.

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Résumé Van Imhoff (Evert), Post (Wendy). - Méthodes de micro-simulation pour des projections de population La micro-simulation se distingue de la macro-simulation traditionnelle, en utilisant un échantillon plutôt que la population totale, en travaillant au niveau de données individuelles plutôt que de données agrégées, et en se basant sur des expériences aléatoires répétées plutôt que sur des nombres moyens. Nous présentons ici les circonstances sous lesquelles la micro-simulation peut être plus intéressante que des méthodes plus conventionnelles. Elle est particulièrement appropriée si les résultats du processus étudié sont complexes, tandis que les forces qui lui sont sous-jacentes sont simples. Un problème difficile en micro-simulation vient de ce que les projections sont sujettes à des variations aléatoires. Diverses sources d'aléas sont présentées, mais la plus importante est ce que nous appelons l'aléa de spécification : plus on introduit de variables explicatives dans le modèle, plus le degré d'aléa, auquel les sorties du modèle sont sujettes sera important. Après une revue rapide des modèles de micro-simulation qui existent en démographie, plusieurs des caractéristiques essentielles de la micro-simulation sont illustrées avec le modèle KINSIM, pour projeter la taille et la structure des réseaux de parenté futurs.

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Mathian, Hélène, and Lena Sanders. "Numérique versus symbolique." Revue Internationale de Géomatique 31, no. 1-2 (January 2022): 21–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.3166/rig31.21-45.

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L’objectif de cet article est de comparer une approche statistique, l’analyse des données (AD) et une approche de simulation, les systèmes multi-agents (SMA). Ces deux familles de méthodes sont a priori considérées comme représentatives d’une approche numérique, respectivement symbolique, de la modélisation spatiale. Le cas d’application qui est mobilisé tout au long de l’article est celui de la ségrégation de l’espace scolaire en Île-de-France. En premier lieu sont explicitées et discutées les différentes étapes menant d’une question thématique à l’opérationnalisation d’une méthodologie d’analyse statistique ou de simulation destinée à analyser cette question. Pour effectuer cette comparaison, on développe un cadre conceptuel à l’interface entre les deux, qui permet de vérifier la compatibilité entre les arrières plans théoriques associés aux domaines thématiques et de modélisation en jeu. Ce cadre conceptuel prend appui sur une démarche ontologique qui est ensuite présentée. Celle-ci permet d’identifier les complémentarités entre AD et SMA et de montrer comment ces deux méthodes peuvent dialoguer dans le cadre d’une même recherche. Nous montrons combien les aspects numériques et symboliques sont finalement étroitement imbriqués au sein même de chacune de ces méthodes. Cette imbrication permet de construire une « spirale d’interactions » entre les deux familles de méthodes dont l’intérêt est illustré par les va et vient entre les phases d’analyse de structure et de simulation dynamique dans le cas de la ségrégation scolaire.

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Imhoff, Evert Van, and Wendy Post. "Méthodes de micro-simulation pour des projections de population." Population (French Edition) 52, no. 4 (July 1997): 889. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1534618.

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Quéré, Raymond, Edouard Ngoya, Michel Gayral, Michel Prigent, and Jean Rousset. "Méthodes de simulation des circuits analogiques non linéaires microondes." Annales Des Télécommunications 45, no. 3-4 (March 1990): 113–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02995146.

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Post, Wendy, and Evert Van Imhoff. "Microsimulation methods for population projection." Population Vol. 53, HS1 (December 1, 1998): 97–136. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/popu.p1998.10n1.0136.

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Résumé Van Imhoff (Evert), Post (Wendy). - Méthodes de micro-simulation pour des projections de population La micro-simulation se distingue de la macro-simulation traditionnelle, en utilisant un échantillon plutôt que la population totale, en travaillant au niveau de données individuelles plutôt que de données agrégées, et en se basant sur des expériences aléatoires répétées plutôt que sur des nombres moyens. Nous présentons ici les circonstances sous lesquelles la micro-simulation peut être plus intéressante que des méthodes plus conventionnelles. Elle est particulièrement appropriée si les résultats du processus étudié sont complexes, tandis que les forces qui lui sont sous-jacentes sont simples. Un problème difficile en micro-simulation vient de ce que les projections sont sujettes à des variations aléatoires. Diverses sources d'aléas sont présentées, mais la plus importante est ce que nous appelons l'aléa de spécification : plus on introduit de variables explicatives dans le modèle, plus le degré d'aléa, auquel les sorties du modèle sont sujettes sera important. Après une revue rapide des modèles de micro-simulation qui existent en démographie, plusieurs des caractéristiques essentielles de la micro-simulation sont illustrées avec le modèle KINSIM, pour projeter la taille et la structure des réseaux de parenté futurs.

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Hennion, Bernard. "Méthodes numériques utilisées dans le programme de simulation électrique ELDO." Annales des Télécommunications 41, no. 1-2 (January 1986): 24–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02998265.

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Roche, Alexis, Laurent Cappelletti, and Marc Bonnet. "Le développement du dialogue professionnel : contribution comparative des approches du développement organisationnel et de la recherche-intervention socio-économique." @GRH N° 47, no. 2 (July 24, 2023): 71–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/grh.047.0071.

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Les théories de développement organisationnel proposent une approche interactive de l’expression du personnel dans le but d’améliorer la qualité du management et des situations de travail. Ces théories s’appuient sur une relecture des processus abductifs d’observation scientifique pour prendre en compte la complexité des phénomènes dynamiques à l’œuvre dans la vie des organisations. Cette posture épistémologique conduit à adopter des méthodes de recherche à caractère longitudinal qui se différencient des approches statiques de recueil des données par entretiens ou questionnaires. Le présent article vise à situer la recherche-intervention socio-économique en analysant sa contribution aux théories et méthodes de développement organisationnel. Cette analyse est illustrée par un cas d’intervention dans un hôpital.

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Herath, S., and K. Musiake. "Simulation of Basin Scale Runoff Reduction by Infiltration Systems." Water Science and Technology 29, no. 1-2 (January 1, 1994): 267–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1994.0673.

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A modelling approach is presented to simulate infiltration systems in urban areas. The model consists of a hydrological sub-model and an infiltration system sub-model. Infiltration characteristics of individual facilities are first established using steady state numerical simulation of Richards' equation. These are represented as linear relations between the facility water head and infiltration rate for given facility widths. The infiltration system model is obtained by applying continuity equation to infiltration facilities lumped over a sub-catchment. This model is then coupled to a catchment runoff model to simulate storm runoff with infiltration systems. The model is applied to an infiltration system installation in a residential area, where stormwater runoff is monitored in a pilot area and a comparative area. The observed results suggest the method is adequate to evaluate the performance of infiltration systems. Except for the catchment storage routing parameter, all model parameters are determined from physical catchment characteristics.

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LI, Jie, Bing ZENG, Yan-xia WANG, and Lei SHEN. "Physical simulation of urban rainfall infiltration." Journal of China University of Mining and Technology 18, no. 2 (June 2008): 293–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1006-1266(08)60062-0.

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Wu, Heng, Shengdong Cheng, Zhanbin Li, Ganggang Ke, and Hangyu Liu. "Study on Soil Water Infiltration Process and Model Applicability of Check Dams." Water 14, no. 11 (June 4, 2022): 1814. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w14111814.

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As the primary ecological construction measure on the Loess Plateau, check dams play an essential role in developing agricultural production, improving people’s production and life, and replenishing groundwater. Soil water infiltration is the most important way to replenish groundwater in the dam land. In order to investigate the water infiltration process of check dams, an empirical model suitable for the simulation of the dam land infiltration process was selected. The soil water infiltration process of the check dam was studied by a field test and a model simulation. The results showed that there were few macropores in the dam, and the water mainly moved downwards in the form of matrix flow. Moreover, the stable infiltration rate of the dam site was low, and its infiltration process could be divided into three stages: rapid infiltration, fluctuating infiltration, and stable infiltration. In addition, the infiltration rate of a non-silted dense layer was 2.4~5 times that of a silted dense layer. The Horton model had a good fitting effect on the water infiltration process of the check dam and thus was suitable for the simulation and prediction of the water infiltration process of the dam. The results can provide a theoretical basis for efficient soil water utilization and infiltration simulation of check dam land.

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He, Xu, Yu Lu, Xiangming Li, Mojin Zhou, and Yehua Jiang. "Numerical Simulation of Infiltration Behavior of ZTAP/HCCI Composites." Crystals 14, no. 4 (April 10, 2024): 355. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cryst14040355.

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According to statistics, 80% of failed components in mechanical equipment are caused by various types of wear and corrosion. Therefore, in order to reduce material loss, research on wear-resistant materials is urgent. In order to solve the difficulty of directly observing the infiltration process of liquid metal in preform, this study first conducted infiltration experiments on liquid metal in ZTA ceramic particle preform at different pouring temperatures, and then used Fluent software to numerically simulate the infiltration behavior of liquid metal in preform. By changing parameters such as pouring temperature and infiltration pressure, the influence of these parameters on the penetration depth of liquid metal in prefabricated structures was determined. The research results indicate that when the pouring temperatures are 1420 °C, 1570 °C, 1720 °C, and 1870 °C, the infiltration depths are 4 mm, 8 mm, 11 mm, and 15 mm; when the casting infiltration pressures are 7620 Pa, 15,240 Pa, 22,860 Pa, and 30,480 Pa, the infiltration depths are 10 mm, 16 mm, 20 mm, and 22 mm. The simulation results of the pouring temperature on the infiltration depth are basically consistent with the experimental results.

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Xin, Qingdao, Hemin Zhu, Yangren Wang, and Xinrui Fan. "Spatial Variability Analysis of Farmland Soil Infiltration Based on Model Parameters." E3S Web of Conferences 136 (2019): 07021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/201913607021.

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Research on the variation of soil infiltration is helpful to analyze the mechanism of soil water movement in farmland. At the same time, soil infiltration characteristics affect the surface irrigation. Based on the field test data, this study simulated and analyzed the soil infiltration with three soil infiltration models (Kostiakov-Lewis model, Philip model and Horton model). The infiltration uncertainty of farmland soil are investigated, and proposed by using two random simulation methods (direct method and parameter mean method) of infiltration. The evaluated indicators are the interval size and its stability of cumulative infiltration amount changed with 95% confidence. The effects of different random simulations methods and three models on the infiltration process are compared and analyzed. Finally, the model and stochastic simulation method suitable for the infiltration characteristics of the farmland are determined. The results show that the correlation coefficients of the three models are all above 0.98, and there is no significant difference in fitting accuracy. In terms of the degree of spatial uncertainty (determined by standard deviation): direct method > parameter mean method, in which the combination of the Kostiakov-Lewis model and the parameter mean method have less uncertainty, and the combined simulation effect is better, it is more suitable for the simulation of soil infiltration at farmland scale.

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Atalar, Furkan, Pedro A. M. Leite, and Bradford P. Wilcox. "A Comparison of Three Methodologies for Determining Soil Infiltration Capacity in Thicketized Oak Woodlands and Adjacent Grasslands." Water 17, no. 4 (February 12, 2025): 518. https://doi.org/10.3390/w17040518.

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This study had two primary objectives: (1) to determine relative differences in soil infiltration capacity between native grasslands and thicketized oak woodlands and (2) to compare the effectiveness of three infiltration measurement techniques—rainfall simulation, an automated Simplified Steady Beerkan Infiltration (SSBI) method, and the Saturo dual-head infiltrometer. The study was conducted at three sites with clay, loamy sand, and sandy soils. Rainfall simulation captured significant infiltration differences between vegetation covers at all three sites, while SSBI did so at two sites, and Saturo failed to detect significant differences. Consistent with past studies, rainfall simulation results showed significantly higher infiltration capacity in thicketized woodlands compared to adjacent grasslands, with mean infiltration capacity an order of magnitude greater in clay soils (67 mm h−1 vs. 7.5 mm h−1) and more than twice as high in sandy (144.5 mm h−1 vs. 69 mm h−1) and loamy sand (106 mm h−1 vs. 49 mm h−1) soils. Across sites, rainfall simulation and SSBI showed strong positive correlations between infiltration capacity and dead biomass (R2 = 0.74 and 0.46, respectively; p < 0.001 for both), as well as significant negative correlations with live biomass and bulk density. In contrast, the Saturo method exhibited higher variability, overestimating infiltration capacity by an average of 34.3 mm h−1 compared to rainfall simulation, and did not capture significant relationships with biomass or bulk density. Our findings have twofold importance: first, they demonstrate that thicketization of oak savannahs results in higher soil infiltration capacity; and second, they show that for determining soil infiltration capacity, the SSBI methodology is an accurate and practical alternative to the labor-intensive rainfall simulation.

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Su, Li Zheng, Le Hua Qi, Ji Ming Zhou, Yu Shan Wang, and Fang Yang. "Numerical Simulation of Heat and Mass Transfer of the Infiltration in Liquid Infiltration Extrusion Process." Materials Science Forum 532-533 (December 2006): 953–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.532-533.953.

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The pressure infiltration process of porous preforms by molten metals was investigated numerically in this paper. The finite element model of heat and mass transfer of the infiltration in liquid infiltration extrusion process was founded by the introduction of a new continuum model of fluid in porous medium and a distribution resistance concept. The proposed model can describe the transient flow behavior of semisolid materials qualitatively. Numerical simulations were developed in particular for non-isothermal infiltrations which take into account the thermal aspects (the mould, the fibres and the metal are initially preheated at different temperatures). The temperature distribution, infiltration front and infiltration depth in the infiltration area were gained by the simulation of ANSYS／FLOTRAN code. It is shown that the fiber volume fraction and initial temperature have a strong effect on the infiltration process. The simulation results of axisymmetric infiltration have a good agreement with their experimental ones. In addition, the infiltration time was predicted to get the effective infiltration depth based on the simulation results.

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Kuss, François, and Frédéric Lebon. "Méthodes duales pour le contact frottant." European Journal of Computational Mechanics 16, no. 1 (January 2007): 33–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.3166/remn.16.33-51.

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Li, Ping, Ling Ke Zeng, Bo Wu, Xiao Su Cheng, Hui Wang, and Ping An Liu. "Simulation of Melting Infiltration Process of Phase Change Material in Fiber Porous Ceramic." Materials Science Forum 689 (June 2011): 198–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.689.198.

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According to the similarity of the infiltration continuous equation and the thermal conductivity differential equations, the infiltration model of molten salt to fiber porous ceramic is designed by using Fluent software. The results can reflect the actual process of melting infiltration. Furthermore, the influences of different infiltration ways on infiltration process, with the same volume but different radius pillar, are simulated. It is found that infiltration time can be shortened for pillar fibers porous ceramics with same volume. When increasing the radius, horizontal infiltration is superior to vertical infiltration for pillar fibers porous ceramics when <1 and vice versa.

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Liu, Jiayuan, and Kevin J. Hanley. "Simulation of non-spherical slurry particle infiltration in a sand column." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1480, no. 1 (April 1, 2025): 012029. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1480/1/012029.

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Abstract Slurry infiltration and filter cake formation are crucial for excavation stability in slurry shield tunnelling. This paper introduces a numerical model of slurry pressure balance (SPB) tunnelling, allowing slurry infiltration in a horizontal orientation. Coupled computational fluid dynamics (CFD)–discrete element method (DEM) numerical simulations were carried out to compare the SPB tunnelling model and a laboratory column test model, revealing differences in infiltration distance, permeability, and fluid properties. The SPB tunnelling model captures a larger infiltration distance and range and a higher permeability. Fluid pressure dissipates faster in the SPB tunnelling model, leading to rapid velocity drops and quicker infiltration. The SPB tunnelling model provides more representative insights into the slurry infiltration range than a laboratory column test model.

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Furumai, H., H. K. P. K. Jinadasa, M. Murakami, F. Nakajima, and R. K. Aryal. "Model description of storage and infiltration functions of infiltration facilities for urban runoff analysis by a distributed model." Water Science and Technology 52, no. 5 (September 1, 2005): 53–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2005.0108.

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Although there have been simulation researches focusing on reduction of stormwater peak flow by introduced infiltration facilities, model simulation of dynamic runoff behavior is still limited for frequently occurring rainfall events with weak intensity. Therefore, dynamic simulation was carried out in two urban drainages with infiltration facilities incorporated with a distributed model using two methods for describing functions of infiltration facilities. A method adjusting effective rainfall model gave poor simulation of runoff behavior in light rainfalls. Another method considering dynamic change of storage capacity as well as infiltration rate gave satisfactory estimation of the runoff in both drainages. In addition, assumption of facility clogging improved the agreement between measured and simulated hydrographs in small and medium-sized rainfall. Therefore, the proposed method might be useful for quantifying the secondary effects of the infiltration facilities on groundwater recharge and urban non-point pollutant trapping as well as runoff reduction.

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J. J. Stone, L. J. Lane, and E. D. Shirley. "Infiltration and Runoff Simulation on a Plane." Transactions of the ASAE 35, no. 1 (1992): 161–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/2013.28583.

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Kitajima, Hiroaki, Makoto Hirota, Toshinori Iwai, Kosuke Hamajima, Ryotaro Ozawa, Yuichiro Hayashi, Yasuharu Yajima, et al. "Computational Fluid Simulation of Fibrinogen around Dental Implant Surfaces." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21, no. 2 (January 19, 2020): 660. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21020660.

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Ultraviolet treatment of titanium implants makes their surfaces hydrophilic and enhances osseointegration. However, the mechanism is not fully understood. This study hypothesizes that the recruitment of fibrinogen, a critical molecule for blood clot formation and wound healing, is influenced by the degrees of hydrophilicity/hydrophobicity of the implant surfaces. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) implant models were created for fluid flow simulation. The hydrophilicity level was expressed by the contact angle between the implant surface and blood plasma, ranging from 5° (superhydrophilic), 30° (hydrophilic) to 50° and 70° (hydrophobic), and 100° (hydrorepellent). The mass of fibrinogen flowing into the implant interfacial zone (fibrinogen infiltration) increased in a time dependent manner, with a steeper slope for surfaces with greater hydrophilicity. The mass of blood plasma absorbed into the interfacial zone (blood plasma infiltration) was also promoted by the hydrophilic surfaces but it was rapid and non-time-dependent. There was no linear correlation between the fibrinogen infiltration rate and the blood plasma infiltration rate. These results suggest that hydrophilic implant surfaces promote both fibrinogen and blood plasma infiltration to their interface. However, the infiltration of the two components were not proportional, implying a selectively enhanced recruitment of fibrinogen by hydrophilic implant surfaces.

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Mashayekhi, Parisa, Shoja Ghorbani-Dashtaki, Mohammad Reza Mosaddeghi, Hossein Shirani, and Ali Reza Mohammadi Nodoushan. "Different scenarios for inverse estimation of soil hydraulic parameters from double-ring infiltrometer data using HYDRUS-2D/3D." International Agrophysics 30, no. 2 (April 1, 2016): 203–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/intag-2015-0087.

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AbstractIn this study, HYDRUS-2D/3D was used to simulate ponded infiltration through double-ring infiltrometers into a hypothetical loamy soil profile. Twelve scenarios of inverse modelling (divided into three groups) were considered for estimation of Mualem-van Genuchten hydraulic parameters. In the first group, simulation was carried out solely using cumulative infiltration data. In the second group, cumulative infiltration data plus water content ath= −330 cm (field capacity) were used as inputs. In the third group, cumulative infiltration data plus water contents ath= −330 cm (field capacity) andh= −15 000 cm (permanent wilting point) were used simultaneously as predictors. The results showed that numerical inverse modelling of the double-ring infiltrometer data provided a reliable alternative method for determining soil hydraulic parameters. The results also indicated that by reducing the number of hydraulic parameters involved in the optimization process, the simulation error is reduced. The best one in infiltration simulation which parametersα,n, andKswere optimized using the infiltration data and field capacity as inputs. Including field capacity as additional data was important for better optimization/definition of soil hydraulic functions, but using field capacity and permanent wilting point simultaneously as additional data increased the simulation error.

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Rasmussen, P. F., B. Bobée, and J. Bernier. "Une méthodologie générale de comparaison de modèles d'estimation régionale de crue." Revue des sciences de l'eau 7, no. 1 (April 12, 2005): 23–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/705187ar.

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L'estimation du débit QT de période de retour T en un site est généralement effectuée par ajustement d'une distribution statistique aux données de débit maximum annuel de ce site. Cependant, l'estimation en un site où l'on dispose de peu ou d'aucune données hydrologiques doit être effectuée par des méthodes régionales qui consistent à utiliser l'information existante en des sites hydrologiquement semblables au site cible. Cette procédure est effectuée en deux étapes: (a) détermination des sites hydrologiquemcnt semblables (b) estimation régionale Pour un découpage donné (étape a), nous proposons trois approches méthodologiques pour comparer les différentes méthodes d'estimation régionale. Ces approches sont décrites en détail dans ce travail. Plus particulièrement il s'agit de - simulation par la méthode du bootstrap - analyse de régression ou Bayes empirique - méthode bayésienne hiérarchique

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Grandmont, Céline, and Yvon Maday. "Analyse et méthodes numériques pour la simulation de phénomènes d'interaction fluide-structure." ESAIM: Proceedings 3 (1998): 101–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/proc:1998042.

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Pasquier, P., C. Dubost, P. Laitselart, S. Vico, L. Franck, C. Bay, T. Villevieille, and S. Mérat. "Utilisation des méthodes de simulation médicale dans l’enseignement du sauvetage au combat." Annales Françaises d'Anesthésie et de Réanimation 32 (September 2013): A164. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.annfar.2013.07.318.

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Vergara–Blanco, Javier Eugenio, Jérôme Leboeuf –Pasquier, and Juan de Dios Benavides– Solorio. "Wildfire effect on forest rainfall infiltration and runoff: a cellular automata-based simulation." International Journal of Hydrology 6, no. 5 (September 19, 2022): 178–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.15406/ijh.2022.06.00324.

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A storm event-based simulation system is developed to reproduce the effects of wildfire on a predefined forest area's rainfall infiltration and runoff. The simulation system reproduces individual surface cell slope, infiltration capacity, and hydrophobicity. A cellular automaton represents space and time. The Horton equation reproduces infiltration capacity evolution. Different equation parameters account for precipitation intensity variations. Infiltration volume and runoff velocity are computed at the cell level. A Digital Elevation Model reproduces the topography. A real rainfall event is reproduced for a section of La Primavera Forest in Jalisco, Mexico. For a subwatershed within the area of interest, wildfire effects are shown on infiltration, overland flow and outlet discharge throughout the rainfall event. It is shown that rainfall infiltration for wildfire affected terrain is lower and that overland flow and outlet discharge is higher. Infiltration and runoff dynamics at a surface cell depend on storm profile, cell slope, cell soil texture, and overall topography. Water dynamics on the area of interest are shown with a movie effect. It is concluded that a cellular automaton-based model can reproduce infiltration and runoff for different soil texture, topographic and rain conditions. This simulation system is geared for an optimisation system to pinpoint the locations of a series of forest land remediation controls that or maximise infiltration or minimise runoff.

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Mun, Junghyon, Jongik Lee, and Minsung Kim. "Estimation of Infiltration Rate (ACH Natural) Using Blower Door Test and Simulation." Energies 14, no. 4 (February 9, 2021): 912. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14040912.

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One of the primary factors for generating heating and cooling loads in apartment houses is infiltration. However, the evaluation method for infiltration rates has not been well established for the apartment houses in Korea. The existing method measures air change per hour of a house at 50 Pa (ACH50) and divides it by the leakage–infiltration ratio, N = 20, as suggested by the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBL). In this study, a method to evaluate the average infiltration rate of an apartment house using blower door tests and simulations is suggested. Six sets of blower door tests were conducted, and the measurement data were used to estimate the flow coefficients and pressure exponents of all infiltration routes. The values were used as the input data for EnergyPlus to calculate the natural air change per hour values (ACHn) of two households. The calculated ACHn values were compared to the ACHn values calculated using the LBL method, which is commonly used in Korea. Through this process, the limitations of applying the LBL method to calculate the ACHn values in Korea were investigated. The results show that investigating the proper leakage–infiltration ratio is required for Korea. The method suggested in this study can be used to determine the proper leakage–infiltration ratio for apartment houses.

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Kovaříček, P., R. Šindelář, J. Hůla, and I. Honzík. "Measurement of water infiltration in soil using the rain simulation method." Research in Agricultural Engineering 54, No. 3 (August 20, 2008): 123–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/711-rae.

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: For the measurement of the infiltration speed under operational conditions, we were equipped by a rain simulator with the measuring surface of 0.5 m<sup>2</sup>. The infiltration speed is determined from the defined rain intensity and water surface runoff from the measured surface. The retained water mass from the surface runoff is recorded at regular time intervals over the whole measuring period. The beginning of the water runoff from the measured surface indicates the beginning of elutriation. The measuring time is finished after the infiltration speed has been stabilised. The beginning of elutriation and infiltration speed stabilisation are typical and mutually comparable parameters for defined soil properties at the site followed.

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Técher, Magalie, Hassan Ait Haddou, and Rahim Aguejdad. "Îlot de chaleur urbain et application territoriale en France : revue des méthodes de simulation numérique." Climatologie 20 (2023): 6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/climat/202320006.

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Cet article a pour objectif de faire l’état des recherches récentes sur l’évaluation du phénomène d’îlot de chaleur urbain (ICU), des stratégies d’adaptation et des applications territoriales pour l’aménagement opérationnel et la planification réglementaire en France. Les méthodes d’évaluation par simulation numérique sont prometteuses, car elles permettent de tester et vérifier des solutions d’aménagement et de planification variées; toutefois, elles sont peu exploitées par les acteurs de l’urbanisme. Cet article fait la revue critique des différentes études ayant évalué l’ICU par simulation numérique en France afin d’identifier les principales applications et limites de ce type d’approche pour la planification urbaine et l’aménagement opérationnel en France. Des recommandations sont proposées afin de parvenir à des mises en œuvre et des intégratio ns efficaces dans les politiques et plans de développement urbain. Les recommandations regroupent quatre aspects : 1) compréhension des besoins des acteurs de l’urbanisme; 2) choix de l’outil de simulation; 3) développement des outils et accompagnement des acteurs; 4) développement des liens entre recherche et planification urbaine. Plus précisément, il s’agit tout d’abord de mieux tenir compte des motivations et besoins des différents acteurs et des caractéristiques du territoire afin de sélectionner l’outil d’évaluation le plus adapté. Enfin, il s’agit pour la recherche de développer des outils et des méthodes permettant une meilleure traduction des connaissances en climatologie vers le langage des acteurs de l’urbanisme.

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Wang, Dongsheng, Jun Feng, Xinpeng Zhao, Yeping Bai, Yujie Wang, and Xuezeng Liu. "Simulation and Recognition of Concrete Lining Infiltration Degree via an Indoor Experiment." Geofluids 2020 (November 10, 2020): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/8873315.

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It is difficult to form a method for recognizing the degree of infiltration of a tunnel lining. To solve this problem, we propose a recognition method by using a deep convolutional neural network. We carry out laboratory tests, prepare cement mortar specimens with different saturation levels, simulate different degrees of infiltration of tunnel concrete linings, and establish an infrared thermal image data set with different degrees of infiltration. Then, based on a deep learning method, the data set is trained using the Faster R-CNN+ResNet101 network, and a recognition model is established. The experiments show that the recognition model established by the deep learning method can be used to select cement mortar specimens with different degrees of infiltration by using an accurately minimized rectangular outer frame. This model shows that the classification recognition model for tunnel concrete lining infiltration established by the indoor experimental method has high recognition accuracy.

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Chang, Wen‐Jaur, and David J. Hills. "Sprinkler Droplet Effects on Infiltration. I: Impact Simulation." Journal of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering 119, no. 1 (January 1993): 142–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)0733-9437(1993)119:1(142).

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Zhou, Shu-Mei, David N. Warrington, Ting-Wu Lei, Qi-Xiang Lei, and Man-Liang Zhang. "Modified CN Method for Small Watershed Infiltration Simulation." Journal of Hydrologic Engineering 20, no. 9 (September 2015): 04014095. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)he.1943-5584.0001125.

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Kawai, Katsuyuki, Kaito Arinishi, Satsuki Kataoka, and Koji Nakashima. "Rainfall infiltration simulation on embankment containing soluble material." E3S Web of Conferences 195 (2020): 01018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202019501018.

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Recently, mixtures of low-quality soil together with solidification materials, such as cement or steel slag, have been used for earthmoving construction. Solidification materials can improve consistency, shear strength, stiffness, and other parameters of low-quality soil by generating bonding forces between soil particles and changing grain size gradation. However, these solidification materials also contain chemical agents. In this study, simulations of rainfall infiltration into embankment constructed with the soil-solidification material mixture are conducted using the soil/water/air/soluble material coupled finite element analysis code, DACSAR-MP_ad. This analysis code can express not only deformation and seepage for an unsaturated earth structure but can also concurrently model the dispersing behaviour of soluble material. Herein, permeability and rainfall intensity conditions are provided and their effects investigated. Consequently, this study succeeds in expressing different distributions of soluble materials within embankment under different rainfall conditions.

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Zhang, W. "Simulation studies on chemical vapor infiltration of carbon." Composites Science and Technology 62, no. 15 (November 2002): 1947–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0266-3538(02)00128-8.

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Kumar, C. P. "A NUMERICAL SIMULATION MODEL FOR ONE-DIMENSIONAL INFILTRATION." ISH Journal of Hydraulic Engineering 4, no. 1 (January 1998): 5–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09715010.1998.10514616.

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Shen, S., F. Liu, Q. Liu, and V. Anh. "Numerical simulation of anomalous infiltration in porous media." Numerical Algorithms 68, no. 3 (April 12, 2014): 443–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11075-014-9853-9.

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Dopler, T., A. Modaressi, and V. Michaud. "Simulation of metal-matrix composite isothermal infiltration processing." Metallurgical and Materials Transactions B 31, no. 2 (April 2000): 225–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11663-000-0041-z.

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Wang, Yuan Yuan, Gang Cheng Wang, and Yu Cao. "Process of Micro-Simulation of Infilitration Clogging for Highland Reservoir Dam Foundation." Advanced Materials Research 490-495 (March 2012): 2386–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.490-495.2386.

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Using of numerical models of particle flow are based on discrete element theory, combining with the indoor infiltration clogging tests in the region of south mountain in Tibet, the whole development process of the infiltration clogging of loose foundation is simulated. The loss volume, fluid velocity，osmotic coefficient, porosity and moving track of particle samples are recorded and traced in the analytical model, which reveals the water-soil interaction throughout the whole process of the infiltration clogging. The results show that clogging often occurs in the upper soil. Particle trajectory is random reveals the certain randomness of formation of pores. Results of simulation are consistent with the indoor test, to some extent, which validate the feasibility of numerical method in infiltration clogging research. These results provide certain useful data for the further study of infiltration clogging, and also provide a new way for interpretation and analysis of penetration clogging phenomenon in micro-scale .

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He, Xiansong, Yi Liu, and Wangqing Wu. "A General and Efficient Approach for the Dual-Scale Infiltration Flow Balancing in In Situ Injection Molding of Continuous Fiber Reinforced Thermoplastic Composites." Polymers 13, no. 16 (August 12, 2021): 2689. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13162689.

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In situ injection molding of continuous fiber reinforced thermoplastic composites is challenged by unbalanced dual-scale infiltration flow due to the pronounced capillary effect. In this paper, a general and efficient approach was proposed for dual-scale infiltration flow balancing based on numerical simulation. Specifically, Stokes and Brinkman equations were used to describe the infiltration flow in inter- and intra-fiber bundles. In particular, capillary pressure drop was integrated in the Brinkmann equation to consider the capillary effect. The infiltration flow front is tracked by the level set method. Numerical simulation and experimental results indicate that the numerical model can accurately demonstrate the unbalanced infiltration flow in inter- and intra-fiber bundles caused by the changes of the injection rate, the resin viscosity, the injection rate, the fiber volume fraction and the capillary number. In addition, the infiltration flow velocity in inter- and intra-fiber bundles can be efficiently tuned by the capillary number, which is mainly determined by the injection rate for a specified resin system. The optimal capillary numbers obtained by simulation and experiment are 0.022 and 0.026, which are very close to each other. Finally, one-dimensional in situ injection molding experiments with constant injection pressure were conducted to prepare fiber reinforced polymerized cyclic butylene terephthalate composite laminate with various flow rates along the infiltration direction. The experimental results confirmed that the lowest porosity and the highest interlaminar shear strength of the composite can only be obtained with the optimized capillary number, which is basically consistent with the simulation results.

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Wang, Yuanyuan, Pengfei Jia, Weidong Yang, Kai Peng, and Sixiang Zhang. "Simulation and experimental study of binder droplet infiltration in 3DP technology." Modern Physics Letters B 32, no. 23 (August 17, 2018): 1850272. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s021798491850272x.

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The purpose of this paper is to lessen the deviation of printing and to predict the nucleus size of binder droplet infiltration in three-dimensional printing (3DP) technology. The industrial CT is used to scan powders and the parameters of materials are calculated. A spherical model, which is based on the data from industrial CT scanning, predicts the nucleus size. The radius of the sphere is equal to the average radius of the sand particles. The spreading radius of binder droplet on the material is obtained by using the experimental method, and then the nucleus size is calculated by the equations. In order to do research on the process of droplet infiltration more intuitively, we analyze the effects of contact angle, porosity and drop height on the infiltration by using the software Comsol in the simulation. To verify the results of the simulation, the processes of infiltration are recorded by the high-speed digital video camera, and the nucleus size is observed by electron microscope. The study is important to conduct the infiltration experiments and provides a theoretical basis for optimization of process parameters in practical application.

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Suzuki, M., H. Kawashima, and T. Kawanishi. "Numerical Simulation of a Soil Filtration Treatment Based on Balance." Water Science and Technology 18, no. 7-8 (July 1, 1986): 391–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1986.0313.

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A sophisticated two-dimensional model to simulate the concentration distributions of BOD, oxygen and biomass in a soil filtration treatment system is presented. The model incorporates, in addition to infiltration of wastewater, oxygen diffusion in a soil and bacterial growth and respiration. The matrix potential concept was used to describe two-dimensional infiltration from the source. The model showed that the distribution patterns of biomass in a soil are governed both by the rate of oxygen diffusion and by the wastewater infiltration rate. Applying the model to a trench type plant under ordinary operating conditions, it became apparent that only the soil adjacent to the trench is utilized for the treatment.

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Schlesser, Sophie. "Quantification, gestion des flux des urgences pédopsychiatriques et perception des acteurs : Application au sein d’un hôpital spécialisé en psychiatrie." Projectics / Proyéctica / Projectique Hors Série, HS1 (June 26, 2023): 35–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/proj.hs04.0035.

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L’engorgement des urgences, particulièrement en pédopsychiatrie, constitue un problème majeur de santé publique depuis plusieurs années. La gestion et l’optimisation des flux des patients sont devenues primordiales pour fluidifier les parcours. Ce travail concerne un pôle de pédopsychiatrie au sein d’un hôpital spécialisé. Le diagnostic, la reconception et la prédiction sur les flux des situations d’urgence deviennent des champs de recherche émergents. Pour ce faire, nous avons combiné l’analyse statistique descriptive, la prévision de demandes et la simulation des flux pour mieux objectiver les situations. Ces méthodes sont courantes dans le domaine industriel, mais peu connues et rarement utilisées par les professionnels de santé. La perception des acteurs a été réalisée par des interviews. Les résultats obtenus montrent les intérêts et les limites de ces méthodes appliquées dans le domaine de la santé et ouvrent d’intéressantes perspectives.

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Dong, Xiaoyu, Fucang Qin, Long Li, Zhenqi Yang, Yan Li, and Yihan Wu. "Study on Water Vertical Infiltration Characteristics and Water Content Simulation of Sandstone Overlying Loess." Water 14, no. 22 (November 17, 2022): 3716. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w14223716.

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Research on the infiltration characteristics of surface water is fundamental for understanding the entire hydrological process. Therefore, studying the water infiltration process of sandstone slopes overlaid with loess and predicting soil moisture content are of great importance for investigating hydrological processes and controlling soil erosion in the hilly and gully areas of the Loess Plateau in China. This study mainly focuses on the simulation of the vertical water infiltration characteristics and water movement patterns of four kinds of sandstone (feldspathic and argillaceous sandstone) structures covered with thin layers of loess. In the one-dimensional vertical infiltration experiment and Hydrus-1D model simulation, the interlayer transition planes of loess–feldspathic and loess–feldspathic–argillaceous sandstones were found to present two conditions: fine soil covering coarse soil and coarse soil covering fine soil. Therefore, water infiltration reduced permeability. The existence of a transition layer between loess and feldspathic sandstone decreased the water infiltration rate and infiltration amount and decelerated the speed of the wetting front, thereby further affecting the ability of water infiltration. By using the Hydrus-1D model, 15 sets of soil hydraulic parameters, including θx (0.028–0.05795 cm3/cm3), θs (0.2306–0.4786 cm3/cm3), α (0.01899–0.06071 cm−1), n (1.438–6.408), and Ks (1.96·10−4–0.0576 cm/s) were inverted and optimized for each 20 cm soil layer (total of 60 cm). The Van Genuchten model constructed using these parameters demonstrated high accuracy in the simulation of water content in the vertical infiltration process of sandstone covered by loess with the coefficient of determination R2 > 0.849 and relative error RE < 5.311.

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Caux, C., G. Fleury, M. Gourgand, and P. Kellert. "Couplage méthodes d'ordonnancement-simulation pour l'ordonnancement de systèmes industriels de traitement de surface." RAIRO - Operations Research 29, no. 4 (1995): 391–413. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/ro/1995290403911.

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Hajage, D., Y. De Rycke, and F. Tubach. "Les méthodes de prise en compte des scores pronostiques : une étude de simulation." Revue d'Épidémiologie et de Santé Publique 64 (May 2016): S132. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.respe.2016.03.034.

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Valette, Rudy, Julien Bruchon, Hugues Digonnet, Patrice Laure, Mathilde Lebœuf, Luisa Silva, Bruno Vergnes, and Thierry Coupez. "Méthodes d'interaction fluide-structure pour la simulation multi-échelles des procédés de mélange." Mécanique & Industries 8, no. 3 (May 2007): 251–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/meca:2007046.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Infiltration – Simulation, Méthodes de'

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