Journal articles: 'Infiltration test'

1

Song, Young Karb, and Kwang Jin Jang. "Analyzing Infiltration Characteristics through Rainfall Infiltration Test and Numerical Analysis." Crisis and Emergency Management: Theory and Praxis 14, no. 6 (June 25, 2018): 91–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.14251/crisisonomy.2018.14.6.91.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

2

Zhang, Yong, Zong Min Chen, Zhao Jun Wang, and Jing Hui Liu. "Preparation and Sound Absorption Coefficient Test of Aluminum Foam with CaO Granules Infiltrating Agent." Materials Science Forum 933 (October 2018): 55–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.933.55.

Full text

Abstract:

Three kinds of aluminum foam of different pore sizes were prepared with a tailor-made low-pressure infiltration device. CaO granules in three sizes (0.45~0.71mm,0.71~090mm and 1.25~1.60mm) were selected as infiltrating agents. The processing parameters were as follows: granules preheat temperature of 700 °C,infiltration pressure of 0.04 MPa and aluminum liquid temperature of 720 °C. In order to improve the removal performance and porosity, mixture of CaO powder of finer than 300 mesh and pure alcohol was mixed uniformly with granules, which made the slurry-coating granules conformal contacts rather than point contacts as in the traditional infiltration method. The testing results show that among all aluminum foam specimens tested with transfer function methods, two kinds have high sound absorption coefficient in low frequency (250~1600Hz).

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

3

K. Sakai, S. K. Upadhyaya, and M. Sime. "Variability of a Double Ring Infiltration Test." Transactions of the ASAE 35, no. 4 (1992): 1221–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/2013.28723.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

4

Chaney, RC, KR Demars, J.-C. Wong, H. Rahardjo, DG Toll, and E.-C. Leong. "Modified Triaxial Apparatus for Shearing-Infiltration Test." Geotechnical Testing Journal 24, no. 4 (2001): 370. http://dx.doi.org/10.1520/gtj11134j.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

5

Claridge, D. E., and Mingsheng Liu. "The Measured Energy Impact of Infiltration in an Outdoor Test Cell." Journal of Solar Energy Engineering 118, no. 3 (August 1, 1996): 162–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2870902.

Full text

Abstract:

Air infiltration energy consumption was investigated in an outdoor test cell with different leakage configurations and air flow rates under both infiltration and exfiltration. Measurements showed that under heating conditions, the air infiltration energy consumption ranged from 55 percent less than to 15 percent greater than the classically calculated values, depending on the air flow rate and direction (infiltration or exfiltration), solar radiation, and air leakage configuration.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

6

Du, Shang Hai. "Infiltration Rates Variation and its Factors Analysis in Groundwater Reservoir Infiltration Field." Applied Mechanics and Materials 170-173 (May 2012): 1833–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.170-173.1833.

Full text

Abstract:

The infiltration capacity is a decisive factor to ensure the effective operation of groundwater reservoir. This study analysis the infiltration capacity variation and its factors based on the data of infiltration test in Hutuo River Groundwater Reservoir. The results show that, there is a high infiltration rate in the alternative field, the infiltration rate is 3m/d, and decreased by 50% as 1.4m/d 6 days later; the contrast of soil permeability, vertical permeable rate of aerial zone, permeability of saturation zone between pre-test and post-test show that, the vertical permeable rate of aerial zone and permeability of saturation zone vary little, the descend of soil permeability is the main factor of the infiltration capacity decay.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

7

Yang, Xu, Jiamin Yu, Yangren Wang, and Yanjie Li. "The determination of reasonable number of soil infiltration test in farmland." E3S Web of Conferences 136 (2019): 07020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/201913607020.

Full text

Abstract:

At the experimental base of Tianjin Agricultural University, the infiltration process of water was measured by double - ring infiltration instrument at six points. Horton，Philip and Kostiakov-lewis (K-l) infiltration models were fitted with the infiltration data measured and the parameters were correspondingly obtained. Six sets of parameters of the corresponding infiltration model were obtained, and six sets of parameters were used for statistical analysis. The reasonable number of points of the corresponding model was obtained. Then, the statistical analysis of the cumulative infiltration amount was used to obtain the variation of the number of reasonable points in the three models with time. The results show that the imitative effect of accumulative infiltration water and time in K-l model is the best, and the curve of reasonable test points determined by K-l model with time is located under the other two models; The reasonable number of points determined by the parameter K in the K-l model is the least and most reasonable. In view of this, the number of reasonable points was determined by using the parameter K in the K-l model.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

8

Claridge, David E., and Souvik Bhattacharyya. "The Measured Energy Impact of Infiltration in a Test Cell." Journal of Solar Energy Engineering 112, no. 2 (May 1, 1990): 132–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2929645.

Full text

Abstract:

Infiltration is customarily assumed to increase the heating and cooling load of a building by an amount equal to the mass flow rate of the infiltration times the enthalpy difference between the inside and outside air—with the latent portion of the enthalpy difference sometimes neglected. Calorimetric measurements conducted on a small test cell with measured amounts of infiltration introduced under a variety of conditions show convincingly that infiltration can lead to a much smaller change in the energy load than is customarily calculated; changes as small as 20 percent of the calculated value have been measured in the cell. The data also suggest that the phenomenon occurs in full-sized houses as well. Infiltration Heat Exchange Effectiveness (IHEE), ε, is introduced as a measure of the effectiveness of a building in “recovering” heat otherwise lost (or gained) due to infiltration. Measurements show that ε increases as: (a) flow rate decreases; (b) flow path length increases; (c) hole/crack size decreases. There is a clear correlation between large values of ε and large values of the exponent, n, so fan pressurization results may be useful in predicting ε for buildings.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

9

Pabst, Lindsay, John Nusstein, Melissa Drum, Al Reader, and Mike Beck. "The Efficacy of a Repeated Buccal Infiltration of Articaine in Prolonging Duration of Pulpal Anesthesia in the Mandibular First Molar." Anesthesia Progress 56, no. 4 (December 1, 2009): 128–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.2344/0003-3006-56.4.128.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract Previous studies have shown declining rates of pulpal anesthesia over 60 minutes when a cartridge of 4% articaine is used with 1∶100,000 epinephrine for buccal infiltration in the mandibular first molar. The authors conducted a prospective, randomized, single-blind, crossover study comparing the degree of pulpal anesthesia obtained with 2 sets of mandibular first molar buccal infiltrations, given in 2 separate appointments, to 86 adult subjects: an initial infiltration of a cartridge of 4% articaine with 1∶100,000 epinephrine plus a repeated infiltration of the same anesthetic and dose given 25 minutes following the initial infiltration versus an initial infiltration of a cartridge of 4% articaine with 1∶100,000 epinephrine plus a mock repeated infiltration given 25 minutes following the initial infiltration. The authors used an electric pulp tester to test the first molar for anesthesia in 3-minute cycles for 112 minutes after the injections. The repeated infiltration significantly improved pulpal anesthesia from 28 minutes through 109 minutes in the mandibular first molar. A repeated infiltration of a cartridge of 4% articaine with 1∶100,000 epinephrine given 25 minutes after an initial infiltration of the same type and dose of anesthetic significantly improved the duration of pulpal anesthesia, when compared with only an initial buccal infiltration, in the mandibular first molar.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

10

Mun, Junghyon, Jongik Lee, and Minsung Kim. "Estimation of Infiltration Rate (ACH Natural) Using Blower Door Test and Simulation." Energies 14, no. 4 (February 9, 2021): 912. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14040912.

Full text

Abstract:

One of the primary factors for generating heating and cooling loads in apartment houses is infiltration. However, the evaluation method for infiltration rates has not been well established for the apartment houses in Korea. The existing method measures air change per hour of a house at 50 Pa (ACH50) and divides it by the leakage–infiltration ratio, N = 20, as suggested by the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBL). In this study, a method to evaluate the average infiltration rate of an apartment house using blower door tests and simulations is suggested. Six sets of blower door tests were conducted, and the measurement data were used to estimate the flow coefficients and pressure exponents of all infiltration routes. The values were used as the input data for EnergyPlus to calculate the natural air change per hour values (ACHn) of two households. The calculated ACHn values were compared to the ACHn values calculated using the LBL method, which is commonly used in Korea. Through this process, the limitations of applying the LBL method to calculate the ACHn values in Korea were investigated. The results show that investigating the proper leakage–infiltration ratio is required for Korea. The method suggested in this study can be used to determine the proper leakage–infiltration ratio for apartment houses.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

11

Nasruddin and Aso. "Rain Effect Frequency of Infiltration Rate and Infiltration Capacity in Common Soil: Laboratory Test with Rainfall Simulator." Journal La Multiapp 1, no. 1 (January 30, 2020): 26–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.37899/journallamultiapp.v1i1.37.

Full text

Abstract:

Analyzing the Influence of Rain Frequency Infiltration Rate and Infiltration Capacity in Common Soil Type (Laboratory Testing Study With Rainfall Simulator). Infiltration is the flow of water into the ground through the soil surface. This process is a very important part of the hydrological cycle and in the process of transferring rain into the flow of water in the soil before reaching the river. Infiltration (infiltration rate and capacity) is influenced by various variables, including soil type, slope inclination, density and type of vegetation, soil moisture content, and rainfall intensity. This study aims to determine the effect of rainfall frequency on the infiltration rate and infiltration capacity on common soil types. This research is a type of laboratory experimental research, using rainfall simulator tool. The soil used in this study is common soil type. Furthermore, artificial rain was provided with intensity I5, I15, and I25 and performed infiltration rate reading on the Drain Rainfall Simulator. The rate and capacity of infiltration in common soils increase proportionally to the increased intensity of rainfall, the higher the intensity of rainfall the higher the infiltration occurring at the same level of rain frequency. The rate and capacity of infiltration in common soils decrease proportionally to the increasing frequency of rain, the more the frequency of rain the smaller the infiltration occurring at the same level of rainfall intensity

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

12

Qi, Ying, Jin Bai Hung, Yu Sen Zhao, and Bin Wang. "Research on Infiltration Rate of Topsoil in Combination with Steady Infiltration Model and Penetration Resistance Test." Applied Mechanics and Materials 744-746 (March 2015): 1113–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.744-746.1113.

Full text

Abstract:

In this study, infiltration experiment and survey on specific penetration resistance for the topsoil were conducted for five land use patterns at the Liudaogou Catchment on the northern Loess Plateau. A simple infiltration model has been developed based on water balance principle combined with theory of steady infiltration. The mean unsaturated infiltration rate of topsoil was estimated based on the results of infiltration experiment and survey on specific penetration resistance combined with model calculation. The results indicated that determination coefficient of relation curve between mean unsaturated infiltration rate and the topsoil specific penetration resistance is higher than 0.93; order of the mean unsaturated infiltration rate of topsoil was 10-5 m/s during the research period; sequence of the mean unsaturated infiltration rate of the five land use patterns is Alfalfa (on slope land) < Grassland (on slope land) < Grassland (on alluvial plain) < Farmland (on alluvial plain) < Sandy loess (bare land); mean unsaturated infiltration rate of alfalfa (on slope land) and grassland (on slope land) was obviously lower than that of the mean of the five land use patterns, and mean unsaturated infiltration rate of sandy loess (bare land) was significantly higher than that of the mean of the five land use patterns.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

13

Taghavi, Nasim, Zhaleh Mohsenifar, Alireza Akbarzadeh Baghban, and Alireza Arjomandkhah. "CD20+ Tumor Infiltrating B Lymphocyte in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Correlation with Clinicopathologic Characteristics and Heat Shock Protein 70 Expression." Pathology Research International 2018 (April 4, 2018): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/4810751.

Full text

Abstract:

Objective. B lymphocyte infiltration in the tumor microenvironment has been proposed to play pivotal roles in tumor progression. Heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) expressed by tumor cells can induce antitumor immune response. Few studies have examined the clinicopathologic relationship between tumor infiltrating B lymphocyte and HSP70 expression in human cancer. So far, there is no complete knowledge on the relationship in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). The present study was conducted to evaluate the relationship between tumor infiltrating B lymphocyte and HSP70 expression in OSCC, as well as the clinical outcome. Materials and Methods. In this retrospective study, the immunohistochemical analysis of 50 OSCC specimens was performed using CD20 and HSP70 antibodies. The relationship between markers’ expression and clinicopathologic data was evaluated using Mann–Whitney test, Chi-square test, logistic regression model, and Spearman’s correlation coefficient. Results. The data analysis showed significant correlation between peritumoral CD20+ B lymphocyte infiltration and lymph node metastasis (P=0.047). Furthermore, HSP70 expression was significantly correlated with stage (P=0.003), lymph node metastasis (P<0.001), and tumor size (P=0.044). However, no relationship was observed between B lymphocyte infiltration and HSP70 expression. Conclusion. The results suggest that peritumoral B lymphocyte infiltration and HSP70 expression level have significant association with OSCC and may be considered as prognostic indicators in OSCC. Thus, evaluation of B cells as therapeutic targets in OSCC patients is recommended.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

14

Rim, Donghyun, Lance Wallace, and Andrew Persily. "Infiltration of Outdoor Ultrafine Particles into a Test House." Environmental Science & Technology 44, no. 15 (August 2010): 5908–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es101202a.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

15

Unger, André J. A., Gudmundur S. Bodvarsson, and Ardyth M. Simmons. "Simulating infiltration in unsaturated basalt for the Large-Scale Aquifer Pumping and Infiltration Test at INEEL." Journal of Hydraulic Research 42, sup1 (January 2004): 105–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00221680409500053.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

16

Kim, Man-Il, Gyo-Cheol Jeong, Il-Moon Chung, and Nam-Won Kim. "Experimental assessment of the infiltration properties of a coarse soil medium in a dielectric infiltration test." Environmental Geology 57, no. 3 (April 22, 2008): 591–600. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00254-008-1328-7.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

17

Duchan, David, and Jaromír Říha. "Hydraulic Design of Stormwater Infiltration Facility Including Uncertainties." Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis 64, no. 5 (2016): 1483–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.11118/actaun201664051483.

Full text

Abstract:

For a design of the volume of the rainfall infiltration facility, the coefficient of infiltration is determined by an infiltration test. The use of the coefficient of infiltration brings certain uncertainties into the solution, arising from different conditions in carrying out the infiltration test and in operating a real infiltration facility. In this study an analysis is carried out of factors that influence the process of infiltration and related uncertainties influencing the determination of the storage volume of the infiltration facility. The effect of the individual factors on the design of the infiltration facility was analyzed using numerical simulations by the software HYDRUS-2D and expressed using partial reliability factors. For their determination the nomographs were set up by extensive numerical computations.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

18

Venvik, Guri, and Floris Boogaard. "Infiltration Capacity of Rain Gardens Using Full-Scale Test Method: Effect of Infiltration System on Groundwater Levels in Bergen, Norway." Land 9, no. 12 (December 15, 2020): 520. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land9120520.

Full text

Abstract:

The rain gardens at Bryggen in Bergen, Western Norway, is designed to collect, retain, and infiltrate surface rainfall runoff water, recharge the groundwater, and replenish soil moisture. The hydraulic infiltration capacity of the Sustainable Drainage System (SuDS), here rain gardens, has been tested with small-scale and full-scale infiltration tests. Results show that infiltration capacity meets the requirement and is more than sufficient for infiltration in a cold climate. The results from small-scale test, 245–404 mm/h, shows lower infiltration rates than the full-scale infiltration test, with 510–1600 mm/h. As predicted, an immediate response of the full-scale infiltration test is shown on the groundwater monitoring in the wells located closest to the infiltration point (<30 m), with a ca. 2 days delayed response in the wells further away (75–100 m). Results show that there is sufficient capacity for a larger drainage area to be connected to the infiltration systems. This study contributes to the understanding of the dynamics of infiltration systems such as how a rain garden interacts with local, urban water cycle, both in the hydrological and hydrogeological aspects. The results from this study show that infiltration systems help to protect and preserve the organic rich cultural layers below, as well as help with testing and evaluating of the efficiency, i.e., SuDS may have multiple functions, not only storm water retention. The functionality is tested with water volumes of 40 m3 (600 L/min for 2 h and 10 min), comparable to a flash flood, which give an evaluation of the infiltration capacity of the system.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

19

Marchioni, Mariana, Gianfranco Becciu, and Claudio Oliveira. "Infiltration-Exfiltration System for Stormwater Control: A Full Scale Test." Proceedings 48, no. 1 (November 12, 2019): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ecws-4-06452.

Full text

Abstract:

The current approach to stormwater management should focus on dealing with water on its source. The Sustainable Urban Drainage Systems (SuDS) promotes runoff peak flow and volume attenuation, load removal while providing amenites and biodiversities but can be difficult to apply in developed urban centers. An infiltration-exfiltration system (IES) placed on road gutters can function on receiving runoff from roads and directing them to the sewers system reducing peak flow and volume. This research follows up a full-scale test of an IES installed in São Paulo, Brazil. The IES has 49 × 1880 m dimension and a cross-section of 49 × 30 cm with a pervious concrete surface layer. The pervious concrete showed mechanical results acceptable for a low vehicular traffic and infiltration rate that allows water infiltration. Rainfall-runoff modeling showed that the proposed IES had a low effect on runoff peak flow and volume attenuation. A deeper gravel layers depth and outlet flow restrictor would improve performance. The proposed IES function on avoid ponding, promoting water treatment, and reducing inlet maintenance.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

20

Hart, Jerry. "Criminal infiltration of financial institutions: a penetration test case study." Journal of Money Laundering Control 13, no. 1 (January 5, 2010): 55–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/13685201011010218.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

21

ZHOU, HePing, JingHua ZHAO, Na ZHANG, Chao ZHAI, and YuFu LIU. "Infiltration of irrigation water and energy saving test of maize." SCIENTIA SINICA Technologica 49, no. 1 (October 19, 2018): 76–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1360/n092018-00028.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

22

Xin, Baoquan, Lu Wan, Wenyi Dang, Wei Lu, and Xiangjian Zhang. "Similarity Test of Rainfall Infiltration Model for Tailings Dam Slope." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 300 (August 9, 2019): 022140. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/300/2/022140.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

23

Calle, Klaas, Charlotte Coupillie, Arnold Janssens, and Nathan Van Den Bossche. "Implementation of rainwater infiltration measurements in hygrothermal modelling of non-insulated brick cavity walls." Journal of Building Physics 43, no. 6 (October 31, 2019): 477–502. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1744259119883909.

Full text

Abstract:

The watertightness of solid masonry walls is generally based on the concept of buffering and afterwards drying out the absorbed rainwater. In cavity walls, on the contrary, the air layer provides a capillary break between the inner and outer leafs allowing drainage of rainwater and preventing infiltration to the interior wall surface. For assessing moisture-related risks, heat, air and moisture models have proven to be a valuable tool, but in the case of cavity walls two problems arise: the degree of water infiltration into the cavity is unknown, and no consensus is available on the method that should be used to implement these infiltrations in a simulation. For example, for the existing buildings, it is worthwhile to investigate whether injecting cavity wall insulation induces an increase or decrease in moisture-related pathologies, in contrast to adopting a fixed performance criterion for assessment. However, to complete a thorough analysis of a brick cavity wall, it is first useful to review the hygrothermal behaviour of cavity walls as it has been previously described in the literature. As such, this article provides a summary of experimental water infiltration results for cavity walls as described in the literature, discusses experimental results of four test walls subjected to four test protocols and extracts from these results the water infiltration rate for implementation in heat, air and moisture models. Finally, several methods for implementing the infiltrations in heat, air and moisture simulations are presented and evaluated based on different damage criteria. In general, the new modelling approaches are considered to provide realistic results. Nonetheless, an in situ investigation on whether mortar bridges occur in the cavity due to poor workmanship remains crucial to understanding the hygrothermal response as mortar bridges are found to have a dominant impact on the risk of mould growth at the interior wall surface.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

24

Alagha, Ebaa, and Mustafa Ibrahim Alagha. "Comparing Impact of Two Resin Infiltration Systems on Microhardness of Demineralized Human Enamel after Exposure to Acidic Challenge." Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences 9, no. D (May 14, 2021): 92–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2021.5878.

Full text

Abstract:

AIM: This study compared the impact of two resin infiltration systems on microhardness of demineralized enamel before and after an acidic challenge. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of forty human maxillary molar teeth were used in this study. Each tooth has 4 groups (four standardized windows onto each tooth). Group A1: Untreated sound enamel surface (positive control), Group A2: Artificially demineralized enamel surface (negative control), Group A3: Icon resin infiltrating to demineralized enamel, while Group A4: Single bond universal adhesive applied to the demineralized enamel surface. All teeth were immersed in a demineralizing solution. The groups (A3 and A4) were further subdivided into two subgroups according to acidic ethanol challenge Subgroup B1: Specimens tested before an acidic challenge and B2: Specimens tested after an acidic challenge. Vickers microhardness test was done for all groups. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to study the difference between tested groups on mean microhardness within each group. Tukey’s post-hoc test was used for pair-wise comparison between the means when ANOVA test was performed, and the significance level was set at p ≤ 0.05. RESULTS: Icon resin infiltration and single bond universal adhesive showed significantly higher mean microhardness than negative control, but significantly lower mean microhardness than positive control. However, insignificant difference was found between icon and single bond universal adhesive. After the acidic challenge, icon resin infiltration showed significantly higher mean microhardness than negative control. However, single bond universal adhesive showed insignificant difference as compared to the negative control. CONCLUSION: After an acidic challenge, icon resin infiltration was more successful than single bond universal total-etch adhesive system in microhardness. RECOMMENDATION: Icon resin infiltration technique is a promising, noninvasive approach that prevents the progress of the carious lesion.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

25

Wu, H. X., Yunxin Zhang, Lishu Wang, Dongjuan Chen, and Chao Ma. "Effect of infiltration head on soil water movement of small-diameter tube outflow furrow irrigation under mulch film." World Journal of Engineering 16, no. 2 (April 8, 2019): 232–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/wje-10-2017-0332.

Full text

Abstract:

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of different infiltration heads on soil water movement using a free infiltration test for small-diameter tube outflow furrow irrigation under mulch film.Design/methodology/approachThe test consisted of small-diameter tube outflow furrow irrigation under mulch film with three different infiltration heads (3, 4 and 5 cm) and furrow drip irrigation under mulch film using an infiltration head of 4 cm (CK).FindingsDuring irrigation, the accumulated infiltration and migration distance of the wetting front increased with time. During the same infiltration time, both the accumulated infiltration and horizontal migration distance of the wetting front increased with the larger infiltration head, whereas the vertical migration distance of the wetting front gradually decreased. With increasing distance from the furrow center, soil moisture content declined, but the uniformity of its distribution increased as the infiltration head increased.Originality/valueThis study can provide scientific basis for the use of small-diameter tube outflow furrow irrigation under mulch film.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

26

Shi, Yueqi, Changhong Li, and Dayu Long. "Study of the Microstructure Characteristics of Three Different Fine-grained Tailings Sand Samples during Penetration." Materials 13, no. 7 (March 30, 2020): 1585. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13071585.

Full text

Abstract:

This paper explores the microstructural evolution characteristics of tailings sand samples of different types of infiltration failure during the infiltration failure process. The homemade small infiltration deformation instrument is used to test the infiltration failure characteristics of the tailings sand during the infiltration failure process. Evolutionary characteristics of the internal microstructure pores and particle distribution were also studied. Using CT (computerized tomography) technology to establish digital image information, the distribution of the microscopic characteristics of the particle distribution and pore structure after tailing sand infiltration were studied. Microscopic analysis was also performed to analyze the microscopic process of infiltration and destruction, as well as to see the microscopic structural characteristics of the infiltration and destruction of the total tailings. The test results show that there are obvious differences in the microstructure characterization of fluid soil and piping-type infiltration failures. Microstructure parameters have a certain functional relationship with macrofactors. Combining the relationship between macrophysical and mechanical parameters and microstructural parameters, new ideas for future research and the prevention of tailings sand infiltration and failure mechanisms is provided.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

27

Yuan, Lin Hu, and Gui Sheng Fan. "The Experiment Study on the Soil Infiltration Characteristics of Yumenkou Water Pumping Station Irrigation District of Regional Scale." Applied Mechanics and Materials 316-317 (April 2013): 661–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.316-317.661.

Full text

Abstract:

This paper is based on an item of key problem of agriculture of Shanxi province through field test and indoor test. Capability of soil infiltration and soil moisture content,soil volume-weight,content of soil organic matter,soil structure were measured.Infiltration content and infiltration rate reflect the capability of soil infiltration. Ten points of Yumenkou irriqated area located in Hejin, Jishan,Xinjiang were choosed,which can represent the soil feature of this area very well.The study of soil infiltration will give the scientific reason for the rational determining of field irrigation technique parameter.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

28

Sams, Carl E., William S. Conway, Judith A. Abbott, Russell J. Lewis, and Noach Ben-Shalom. "Firmness and Decay of Apples following Postharvest Pressure Infiltration of Calcium and Heat Treatment." Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 118, no. 5 (September 1993): 623–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/jashs.118.5.623.

Full text

Abstract:

Heating `Golden Delicious' apples (Malus domestica Borkh.) for 4 days at 38C or pressure-infiltrating them with a 4% CaCl2 solution reduced decay and maintained fruit firmness during 6 months of storage at 0C. Heating reduced decay caused by Penicillium expansum Link ex Thorn by ≈30%, while pressure infiltration with CaCl2 reduced decay by >60%. Pressure infiltration with CaCl2 after heating reduced decay by ≈40%. Pressure infiltration maintained firmness best (>84 N), as measured with a manually driven electronic fruit-firmness probe, followed by heat and CaCl2 (76 N), heat alone (71 N), and no treatment (control) (60 N). Force vs. deformation (FD) curves from a puncture test with a fruit-firmness probe mounted in a universal testing machine showed that fruit heated before storage were firmer than all nonheated fruit, except those pressure-infiltrated with 4% CaCl2. However, FD curves also showed that apples pressure-infiltrated with 4% CaCl2 differed quantitatively from apples in all other treatments, including those heated.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

29

Tan, Benxu, Yonghong Chen, Lei Xia, Xian Yu, Yusheng Huang, Ni Zhang, Yuan Peng, et al. "CDKN2A or CDKN2B homozygous deletion with high-immune infiltration as a favorable prognostic factor for lung adenocarcinoma." Journal of Clinical Oncology 39, no. 15_suppl (May 20, 2021): e20543-e20543. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2021.39.15_suppl.e20543.

Full text

Abstract:

e20543 Background: CDKN2A and CDKN2B both acted as tumor suppressor genes by regulating the cell cycle, which in humans were located at chromosome 9, band p21.3. The frequencies of homozygous deletion (HomDel) in CDKN2A and CDKN2B in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) were 12.5% and 12.1%, respectively. However, the genomic, immunogenomic features and impact on the prognosis of LUAD patients with CDKN2A/B HomDel were still unclear. Methods: The cohort of this study was from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). A total of 508 LUAD patients, including 99 CDKN2A/B HomDel (homdel) and 509 CDKN2A/B wild (wild). This study explored the difference of genomic and immunogenomic landscape between homdel and wild by analysis of whole-exome sequencing (WES) and RNA sequencing data. Results: The most frequently mutated genes were TP53, TTN, MUC16, and CSMD3. Their frequencies in homdel and wild are 46% and 48%, 43% and 46%, 35% and 41%, 33% and 38%, respectively. There was no significant difference of tumor mutational burden (TMB) between homdel and wild (median TMB, 133 in homdel vs 177 in wild; Wilcoxon test, p = 0.11), and clinical characteristics including age, gender, smoking history, and tumor stage were not significantly different between homdel and wild. Homdel had a shorter overall survival (OS) than wild (Log-rank test, p = 0.04, Hazard Ratio: 0.7, 95% CI: 0.49-1.02), but there was no significant difference in progression-free survival (PFS) (Log-rank test, p = 0.05, Hazard Ratio: 0.73, 95% CI: 0.51-1.04). We used single sample gene set enrichment analysis (ssGSEA) to calculate the enrichment score (ES) of 25 immune-related pathways such as antigen presentation and T cell-mediated immunity, and then used the consensus clustering algorithm (ConsensusClusterPlus) to cluster homdel and wild respectively, and both clustered into low and high immune infiltration groups. For the high immune infiltration and low immune infiltration in homdel and wild, high immune infiltration had a longer OS (Log-rank test, p = 0.009, Hazard Ratio: 2.19, 95% CI: 1.22-3.94) and PFS (Log-rank test, p = 0.044, Hazard Ratio: 1.8, 95% CI: 1.01-3.2) than low immune infiltration in homdel. However, there was no significant heterogeneity between high and immune infiltration in terms of PFS (Log-rank test, p = 0.28, Hazard Ratio: 1.21, 95% CI: 0.87-1.68) and OS (Log-rank test, p = 0.96, Hazard Ratio: 1.01, 95% CI: 0.71-1.44) in the wild group, the wild group had longer OS than homdel group with low immune infiltration (Log-rank test, p = 0.003, Hazard Ratio: 0.5, 95% CI: 0.29-0.88), while had the same OS with homdel with high immune infiltration, irrespective of immune infiltration. And so was PFS (Log-rank test, p = 0.005, Hazard Ratio: 0.48, 95% CI: 0.27-0.82). Conclusions: CDKN2A/B homdel was an unfavorable prognostic factor for LUAD, but which with high immune infiltration might improve patient survival time.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

30

Chuttiangtum, Ayuth, Banchong Udomthavornsuk, and Bandit Chumworathayi. "Hematuria Screening Test for Urinary Bladder Mucosal Infiltration in Cervical Cancer." Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 13, no. 10 (October 31, 2012): 4931–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.7314/apjcp.2012.13.10.4931.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

31

Kastler, Adrian. "Dual Site Pudendal Nerve Infiltration: More than Just a Diagnostic Test?" January 2018 1, no. 21;1 (January 15, 2018): 83–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.36076/ppj.1.2018.83.

Full text

Abstract:

Background: Pudendal neuralgia (PN) is a very painful and often disabling condition in which pudendal nerve blocks play an important role in both the diagnosis and management of PN. Some previous reports have advocated the use of pudendal nerve infiltration (PNI) as a diagnostic test only. Objective: We aim to assess the outcomes of patients with typical refractory PN who underwent dual site computed tomography (CT)-guided pudendal nerve infiltration. Study Design: A bicentric, retrospective cohort analysis. Setting: An academic practice. Methods: Between 2002 and 2016, 385 PNIs were performed in 195 patients in the 2 units. Only patients suffering from typical clinical PN were included, and only the first infiltration in each patient was considered for analysis. Therefore, 95 patients who underwent 155 procedures were assessed. Pain was assessed using a visual analog scale (0–10) and self-reported estimated improvement (SRI), expressed as a percentage. Efficacy of the procedure was assessed at 1, 3, and 6 months after procedure follow-up, and clinical success was defined as a 50% decrease of the VAS score. All procedures were performed under CT guidance and on an outpatient basis. Dual site infiltration was performed in each case at both the ischial spine and intra-Alcock’s canal sites using a mixture of fast- and slow-acting anesthetic (1 mL lidocaine hydrochloride 1% and 2 mL ropivacaine chlorhydrate) along with a half dose of 1.5 mL of cortivazol (3.75 mg). Results: Clinical success at one month post-procedure was present in 63.2% of patients (60/95) with a mean VAS score of 2.07 (P < 0.05) and a mean SRI of 71%. At 3 months follow-up, clinical success was still present in 50.5% of patients (48/95) with a mean VAS score of 2.90/10 (P < 0.05) and a mean SRI of 62.3%. At 6 months follow-up, the efficacy rate decreased to 25.2% with a mean VAS score of 3.2/10 and SRI of 60%. Limitations: The retrospective aspect of the study is a limitation, as well as the lack of a control group. Conclusion: Dual site PNI under CT guidance may offer significant mid-term pain relief to a majority of patients suffering from typical refractory PN. Key words: Pudendal nerve, neuralgia, block, Alcock, CT, guidance

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

32

Chaparro, M. Carme, Josep M. Soler, Maarten W. Saaltink, and Urs K. Mäder. "Reactive transport modelling of a high-pH infiltration test in concrete." Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, Parts A/B/C 99 (June 2017): 131–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pce.2017.01.010.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

33

Winston, Ryan J., Ahmed M. Al-Rubaei, Godecke T. Blecken, and William F. Hunt. "A Simple Infiltration Test for Determination of Permeable Pavement Maintenance Needs." Journal of Environmental Engineering 142, no. 10 (October 2016): 06016005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)ee.1943-7870.0001121.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

34

Reswari, Adinda Ardana, and Sugeng Prijono. "LAJU INFILTRASI PADA BERBAGAI NAUNGAN DI KEBUN KOPI RAKYAT SUMBERMANJING WETAN." Jurnal Tanah dan Sumberdaya Lahan 8, no. 1 (December 31, 2020): 293–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.21776/ub.jtsl.2021.008.1.32.

Full text

Abstract:

Climate change in coffee cultivation is very influential and can disrupt the hydrological cycle, so shade planting is required. Planting vegetation on coffee fields can affect the infiltration rate. The infiltration rate is the amount of water per unit time that enters the soil surface. The purpose of this study was to determine the infiltration rate with various shading, namely mixed shade (sengon, teak, pepper, and coconut), sengon shade, and monoculture coffee land and to determine the relationship between soil physical properties and infiltration rate on people's land. The measurement of the infiltration rate was done with a double ring infiltrometer and the Horton model. Infiltration rate can be influenced by a variety of soil properties such as bulk density, soil pore distribution, soil aggregate stability, soil texture, soil organic matter content, and land use. The analysis used correlation, linear regression, multiple linear regression, and t-test. Differences in shade and soil properties affect the infiltration rate, especially micropores and soil porosity. Soil with a lot of micro-pore soil, low porosity and clay texture has a slow infiltration rate. The results of the t-test between the actual infiltration rate and the infiltration rate of the Horton model showed no significant difference; therefore, the Horton method approach can be used in estimating the actual infiltration rate in coffee fields.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

35

Murphy, Christopher, Erjon Agushi, Zhangjie Su, Rainer Hinz, Federico Roncaroli, and David Coope. "Quantitative Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI) Analysis Reveals Different Infiltrative Patterns of Oligodendrogliomas and Astrocytomas in Peri-Tumour White Matter." Neurosurgery 84, no. 5 (March 23, 2019): E273. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/neuros/nyz001.ni2.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract INTRODUCTION Gliomas are highly infiltrative primary brain tumours. Glioma infiltration is difficult to identify clinically using conventional diagnostic imaging. We used diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) to identify glioma infiltration in peritumour white matter (WM) and characterized differences between histological subtypes. METHODS We recruited 8 patients with a histological diagnosis of grade II or III glioma and 10 healthy controls. We compared fractional anisotropy (FA) maps of each patient against the control group using SPM8 (Matlab 2014a) to identify regions of glioma infiltration. The FA and mean diffusivity (MD) of formerly WM matter tumour regions, infiltrated WM and normal appearing WM were compared with a 2-sample t-test and characterized with respect to normal control data. RESULTS Our results have identified radiological evidence of infiltration in the peri-tumour WM of glioma patients. The infiltrated region of oligodendrogliomas extended further than that of astrocytomas. Oligodendrogliomas preferentially infiltrated larger WM tracts, whereas astrocytomas infiltrated more peripheral WM. In all grades, the 3 regions had significantly different diffusion parameters and there were significant differences between oligodendrogliomas and astrocytomas. CONCLUSION We identified previously unrecognized study wide significant changes in the peri-tumour WM of gliomas. Despite the known propensity of these tumours to infiltrate WM we found no significant DTI changes distant to the tumour. Our DTI results suggest oligodendrogliomas and astrocytomas demonstrate different infiltrative patterns, which highlights the need for astrocytomas and oligodendrogliomas to be studied separately.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

36

Frantzis, Panagiotis. "Fabrication of Cement, Polymer, and Metal-Matrix Fibre Composites by Gravity-Assisted Liquid-Binder Infiltration: A Practical Approach." ISRN Materials Science 2011 (July 26, 2011): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.5402/2011/757218.

Full text

Abstract:

An experimental investigation into the fabrication of cement/polymer/metal fibre composites by gravity-assisted infiltration of the liquid binder is reported. A method was developed consisting of a flow test that was based on columns of woven fibres and an approach that made use of preformed arrays of short fibres to simulate the actual infiltration process. The infiltration characteristics were identified to depend upon the characteristics of the interstice and those of the binders and could be simplified to two key parameters controlling flow: an expression of the fibre interstice and the distance of infiltration. A common relationship was derived between the key parameters. It was concluded that the flow test could be used to assist in the fabrication. A test was also developed that employed a modified binder for the fabrication of fibre reinforced metals. It was concluded that this test was more suitable than others reported in the literature.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

37

Meng, Xifeng, Hongjian Liao, and Jiwen Zhang. "Infiltration Law of Water in Undisturbed Loess and Backfill." Water 12, no. 9 (August 26, 2020): 2388. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w12092388.

Full text

Abstract:

Loess has the characteristics of complex structure and reduced mechanical strength after encountering water. In Chinese loess areas, irrigation, water storage, and rainfall affect the stability of the original loess structure and cause damage to the foundation. This paper analyzes the results of in situ water immersion test (in order to study the permeability of water storage in undisturbed loess), rainfall test (in order to study the permeability of rainwater in the backfill loess), and water storage test (in order to study the permeability characteristics of water storage in backfill loess) on the filling site and studies the permeability law of water in unsaturated layered loess and backfill remolded loess. The results of the in situ immersion test show that the vertical seepage velocity of water was very fast, and the infiltration depth was close to 25 m after 9 days of water storage, and at the interface of the new loess, the paleosol, and the old loess, the water infiltration line appeared to be refracted. Finally, the vertical and horizontal penetrations of water in the loess are analyzed, and the range of water immersion and saturation are determined. Through the rain test and water storage test of a loess-filled surface, the relationship between the moisture content and depth of the backfill loess before and after rainfall and storage is obtained. The results of rain period test show that the water infiltrated into the loess about 3 m after 25 days of rainfall. A further 90 days storage test shows that the final infiltration depth of water was about 7 m.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

38

Singhania, Ankit A., Nirali V. Chauhan, Ajay George, and Kayedjohar Rathwala. "Lidocine Infiltration Test: An Useful Test in the Prediction of Results of Styloidectomy for Eagle’s Syndrome." Indian Journal of Otolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery 65, no. 1 (October 17, 2012): 20–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12070-012-0577-7.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

39

Meilani, Inge, Harianto Rahardjo, and Eng-Choon Leong. "Pore-water pressure and water volume change of an unsaturated soil under infiltration conditions." Canadian Geotechnical Journal 42, no. 6 (December 1, 2005): 1509–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/t05-066.

Full text

Abstract:

Triaxial shearinginfiltration tests were conducted to study the pore-water pressure and volume change of unsaturated soils subjected to infiltration conditions. A modified triaxial apparatus with three Nanyang Technological University (NTU) mini suction probes along the specimen height was used for the experimental program. Elastic moduli were obtained for the soil structure with respect to changes in net confining pressure (E) and matric suction (H). Water volumetric moduli associated with changes in net confining pressure (Ew) and matric suction (Hw) were also obtained from the shearinginfiltration tests. Water volumetric strain and pore-water pressure during the shearinginfiltration tests were computed based on volume change theory. This paper presents the significance of obtaining the parameter Hw from an appropriate scanning curve of a soil-water characteristic curve (SWCC) for the computation of water volumetric strain and pore-water pressure changes during a shearinginfiltration test. The appropriate scanning curve should be obtained from the wetting curve of the SWCC at the matric suction where the infiltration test commences.Key words: infiltration, matric suction, triaxial, unsaturated soils, pore-water pressure, water volume change.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

40

LEE, SANG-PILL, JIN-KYUNG LEE, YUN-SEOK SHIN, DONG-SU BAE, JONG-BACK LEE, and A. KOHYAMA. "EFFECT OF TEST TEMPERATURE ON THE CHARACTERIZATION OF MELT INFILTRATED SiC/SiC COMPOSITES." International Journal of Modern Physics B 20, no. 25n27 (October 30, 2006): 3793–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979206040386.

Full text

Abstract:

The high temperature property of SiC/SiC composites fabricated by the melt infiltration (MI) process has been investigated. SiC/SiC composites reinforced with BN/SiC double coated Hi-Nicalon SiC fibers were fabricated by infiltrating molten silicon into a braiding fibric preform containing C and SiC particles. The mechanical properties of MI- SiC/SiC composites were carried out at the elevated temperatures using the three point bending test. The microstructure of MI- SiC/SiC composites was examined by means of SEM and EDS. The matrix region of MI- SiC/SiC composites represented the chemical fluctuation depending on the composition ratio of Si and C elements. The flexural strength of MI- SiC/SiC composites greatly decreased at the temperatures higher than 1100 °C, due to microstructural instabilities such as interfacial debonding and matrix oxidation.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

41

Zhang, Dashuai, Zhaogeng Wang, Qizhong Guo, Jijian Lian, and Liang Chen. "Increase and Spatial Variation in Soil Infiltration Rates Associated with Fibrous and Tap Tree Roots." Water 11, no. 8 (August 16, 2019): 1700. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w11081700.

Full text

Abstract:

Trees play important roles in urban stormwater management; through the loosening of soils by root growth, they increase infiltration and reduce runoff, helping to mitigate flooding and recharge groundwater. Malus baccata with fibrous roots and Sophora japonica with tap roots were studied experimentally to assess their enhancement of soil infiltration. A blank test without a tree was conducted for comparison. Steady-state soil infiltration rates at the bottom of test tanks were measured as 0.28 m/d, 0.33 m/d, and 0.61 m/d for the blank test, M. baccata, and S. japonica, respectively. This represents a 19% increase in the infiltration rate by planting M. baccata and a 118% increase by planting S. japonica. A larger increase in the infiltration rate by S. japonica is consistent with the effects of deeper and more vertical roots that help loosen deeper soils. Spatial variations in soil infiltration rates were also measured. Infiltration rates for M. baccata (1.06 m/d and 0.62 m/d) were larger than those for S. japonica (0.91 m/d and 0.51 m/d) at the same depths (0.35 m and 0.70 m); this is consistent with the expected effects of the shallower and more lateral roots of M. baccata. This study furthers our understanding of the roles of trees in watersheds and urban environments.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

42

Buckland, Gary D., D. Rodney Bennett, Dennis E. Mikalson, Eeltje de Jong, and Chi Chang. "Soil salinization and sodication from alternate irrigations with saline-sodic water and simulated rain." Canadian Journal of Soil Science 82, no. 3 (August 1, 2002): 297–309. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/s01-080.

Full text

Abstract:

We conducted a greenhouse study on large, semi-disturbed soil cores excavated from the vicinity of Verdigris Lake in southern Alberta to assess the suitability of different saline-sodic waters for irrigation. Soil salinization and sodication, surface soil physical properties, and yield of five soft white spring wheat crops (Triticum aestivum L. var. AC Reed) were examined under alternate applications of simulated rain with saline-sodic irrigation waters ranging from "safe" to "potentially hazardous" for irrigation. Increased salinity and sodicity of irrigation waters alternated with simulated rain resulted in increased salinity and sodicity in the upper 0.60 to 0.90 m of the soil. Salt accumulation in the root zone decreased as the leaching fraction increased. Aggregate stability and infiltration properties of the soil were generally adversely affected by the more saline and sodic irrigation waters. Infiltration properties were significantly greater with irrigation water (IW) than with distilled water (DW). The soil infiltration rate at 2 h, with DW as the infiltrating water, was the most sensitive soil physical property for assessment of irrigation water suitability. The infiltration test after five crop cycles gave a better indication of the effects of excess sodicity of irrigation water on soil structural stability than the aggregate stability test. The cumulative effects of long-term supplemental irrigation with saline-sodic waters on soil chemical and physical properties need to be considered when assessing irrigation water suitability. Irrigation waters with electrical conductivity (EC) less than or equal to 1 dS m-1 and a sodium adsorption ratio (SAR) less than or equal to 5 did not result in deterioration of soil physical properties and were considered "safe" for supplemental irrigation of the Masinasin soil. Alternate applications of irrigation and distilled water should be used to evaluate soil infiltration rates and the structural stability of soils to which saline-sodic waters are to be applied. Key words: Saline-sodic irrigation water, soil salinity, soil sodicity, aggregate stability, infiltration, water quali

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

43

Cao, Chong Wen, and Gui Sheng Fan. "A Forecasting Method of Kostiakov Infiltration Model Parameters Based on Back-Propagation Model." Advanced Materials Research 610-613 (December 2012): 2899–903. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.610-613.2899.

Full text

Abstract:

Based on test data of field soil water infiltration, Back-propagation (BP) model of predicting Kostiakov infiltration model parameters was established after analyzing the primary influence factors of water infiltration model parameters. The results indicate that BP model can reflect the non-linear relationship between the model parameters and the physical parameters of the soil; BP model is high accuracy for prediction soil infiltration model parameters. It can be referred as a new method to predict soil infiltration process using soil physical parameters.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

44

Wang, Hong Wu, Yun Feng Mao, Yuan Gao, Jin Hong Fan, Shan Fa Zhang, and Lu Ming Ma. "Analysis of Bioretention Cell Design Elements Based on Fourier Amplitude Sensitivity Test (FAST)." Advanced Materials Research 779-780 (September 2013): 1369–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.779-780.1369.

Full text

Abstract:

Sensitivity analysis of bioretention cell design elements can provide a theoretical basis for the design and construction of a bioretention cell. This study uses the storm management model (SWMM) and the bioretention infiltration RECARGA to generate runoff and outflow time series for calculation of hydrologic performance metrics. The hydrologic performance metrics include: the overflow ratio, groundwater recharge ratio, ponding time and underdrain flow ratio. The FAST method is chose to analyze sensitivity of design elements for two types of bioretention cell, one without underdrain and the other with underdrain. The results show that the surface area is the most sensitivity to most the hydrologic metrics for both types of bioretention, while the planting soil depth and the gravel depth are the two least sensitive elements. The saturated infiltration rates of planting soil and native soil are another two sensitive elements for bioretention cells without underdrain, but the saturated infiltration rate of planting soil and underdrain size are another two sensitive design elements for bioretention cells with underdrain.Keywords: Global sensitivity analysis; bioretention cell; design elements; FAST

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

45

Zarime, Nur ‘Aishah, and Wan Zuhairi Wan Yaacob. "Leaching Behavior of Cadmium through Compacted Granitic Residual Soil Using Column Infiltration Test." E3S Web of Conferences 101 (2019): 04002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/201910104002.

Full text

Abstract:

This study investigates the physico-chemical properties of granitic residual soils and comparison between two sorption tests; batch and column infiltration tests in evaluating the mobility of Cadmium (Cd) using granitic residual soils. The granitic residual soil has undergone the physical tests (eg: particle size distribution, Atterberg Limits, specific gravity and compaction), chemical tests (eg: pH, organic matter, specific surface area (SSA) and cation exchange capacity (CEC)) and sorption tests. For Batch test, the effect of Cd concentration in single and mixture solutions were studied. The result showed the Kd value of single solution (Kd=0.0062 L/g) was higher compared to mix solution (Kd=0.0022 L/g). For column infiltration test, several factors were studied in this research such as different g-force, different types of solutions and different soil thickness. Results showed that both sorption tests have different effects on mobility of heavy metals through soils. The column infiltration test gave the exact Kd values compared to the batch test since the condition of columns method applied were similar to the natural soil conditions.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

46

O'Callaghan, D., E. Rexhepaj, K. Gately, W. M. Gallagher, D. Delaney, E. Kay, and K. O'Byrne. "Effect of pattern of lymphocyte infiltration in NSCLC on outcome." Journal of Clinical Oncology 27, no. 15_suppl (May 20, 2009): 11079. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2009.27.15_suppl.11079.

Full text

Abstract:

11079 Background: The role played by the immune system in determining survival in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the prognostic significance of T-lymphocyte infiltration in NSCLC focusing on CD3+, cytotoxic CD8+ and FOXP3+ T regulatory (Treg) cells. Methods: Immunohistochemistry was used to detect CD3+, CD8+ and FOXP3+ lymphocytes in the tumor islets and tumor stroma in 186 patients with surgically resected NSCLC with a minimum follow-up of 3 years. Quantification of immune infiltration was performed using the Aperio automated image analysis system incorporating the Genie software tool. The median of tumor:stroma CD3+, CD8+ and FOXP3+ infiltration ratios were used as thresholds to dichotomise patients to either high or low infiltration rates. Prognostic variables were identified using univariate and Cox multivariate analysis. Kaplan-Meier analysis and the log-rank test were used to illustrate differences in overall survival. Results: Patients with a higher intratumoral CD3+ and CD8+ lymphocyte infiltration ratio had significantly better survival compared to those with a low tumour/stroma infiltration ratio (p=0.023 & <0.001 respectively). Conversely high intratumoral T-regulatory FOXP3+ positive lymphocyte infiltration rates were associated with a particularly poor prognosis independent of surgical stage (p<0.001). Conclusions: Microlocalization of infiltrating T-lymphocytes, in particular Treg cells, is a powerful predictor of outcome for surgically resected NSCLC and compares favourably with recently published prognostic genomic approaches. Assessment of inflammatory cell infiltrates may help determine which patients should receive adjuvant chemotherapy and, in the future, in predicting benefit from novel adjuvant vaccine/immunotherapies. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

47

Qing, Xia, Han Haojie, Xiong Jinran, Zheng Caixia, Zhang Zhiliang, Huang Huiqiang, and Zhao qin. "Research Progress of Soil Water Infiltration." E3S Web of Conferences 189 (2020): 01006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202018901006.

Full text

Abstract:

Soil water is an important link in the transformation of the “five waters”, which determines the growth and production of crops. Mastering the scientific infiltration law is a key link to promote agricultural development. Based on the existing research results, this paper systematically summarizes the basic theories, test methods, influencing factors, simulation equations, prediction models and other results of soil water infiltration research at home and abroad so far, and discusses the future research development direction.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

48

Zipfel, Jonathan. "Ultrasound-Guided Intermediate Site Greater Occipital Nerve Infiltration: A Technical Feasibility Study." Pain Physician 7;19, no. 7;9 (September 14, 2016): E1027—E1034. http://dx.doi.org/10.36076/ppj/2016.19.e1027.

Full text

Abstract:

Background: Two studies recently reported that computed tomography (CT) guided infiltration of the greater occipital nerve at its intermediate site allows a high efficacy rate with long-lasting pain relief following procedure in occipital neuralgia and in various craniofacial pain syndromes. Objective: The purpose of our study was to evaluate the technical feasibility and safety of ultrasound-guided intermediate site greater occipital nerve infiltration. Study Design: Retrospective study. Setting: This study was conducted at the imaging department of a 1,409 bed university hospital. Methods: Local institutional review board approval was obtained and written consent was waived. In this retrospective study, 12 patients suffering from refractory occipital neuralgia or craniofacial pain syndromes were included between April and October 2014. They underwent a total of 21 ultrasound-guided infiltrations. Infiltration of the greater occipital nerve was performed at the intermediate site of the greater occipital nerve, at its first bend between obliqus capitis inferior and semispinalis capitis muscles with local anestetics and cortivazol. Technical success was defined as satisfactory diffusion of added iodinated contrast media in the fatty space between these muscles depicted on control CT scan. We also reported first data of immediate block test efficacy and initial clinical efficacy at 7 days, one month, and 3 months, defined by a decrease of at least 50% of visual analog scale (VAS) scores. Results: Technical success rate was 95.24%. Patients suffered from right unilateral occipital neuralgia in 3 cases, left unilateral occipital neuralgia in 2 cases, bilateral occipital neuralgia in 2 cases, migraine in one case, cervicogenic headache in one case, tension-type headache in 2 cases, and cluster headache in one case. Block test efficacy was found in 93.3% (14/15) cases. Clinical efficacy was found in 80% of cases at 7 days, in 66.7% of cases at one month and in 60% of cases at 3 months. No major complications were noted. Limitations: Some of the limitations of our study include that it represents a single institution. The low number of infiltrations included in this study, for this guidance procedure, is another bias. Conclusions: This ultrasound-guided infiltration technique appears to be feasible, safe, nonionizing, and fast when targeting the greater occipital nerve in its intermediate portion. This imaging guidance modality should be used in routine clinical practice. Key words: Greater occipital nerve, infiltration, ultrasound guidance, corticosteroids, occipital neuralgia, craniofacial pain syndrome

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

49

Hammad, Shaza M., and Enas T. Enan. "In vivo effects of two acidic soft drinks on shear bond strength of metal orthodontic brackets with and without resin infiltration treatment." Angle Orthodontist 83, no. 4 (January 11, 2013): 648–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.2319/091512-737.1.

Full text

Abstract:

ABSTRACT Objectives: To evaluate the in vivo effects of two acidic soft drinks (Coca-Cola and Sprite) on the shear bond strength of metal orthodontic brackets with and without resin infiltration treatment. In addition, the enamel surface was evaluated, after debonding, using a scanning electron microscope. Materials and Methods: Sixty noncarious maxillary premolars, scheduled for extraction in 30 orthodontic patients, were used. Patients were randomly divided into two groups according to the soft drink tested (Coca-Cola or Sprite). In each group, application of resin infiltration (Icon. DMG, Hamburg, Germany) was done on one side only before bonding of brackets. Patients were told to rinse their mouth with their respective soft drink at room temperature for 5minutes, three times a day for 3months. Shear bond strength was tested with a universal testing machine. After shearing test, a scanning electron microscope was used to evaluate enamel erosion. Statistical analysis was performed by twoway analysis of variance followed by the least significant difference test. Results: The Coca-Cola group without resin infiltration showed the lowest resistance to shearing forces. Scanning electron micrographs of both groups after resin application showed a significant improvement compared with results without resin use, as the enamel appeared smoother and less erosive. Conclusion: Pretreatment with the infiltrating resin has proved to result in a significant improvement in shear bond strength, regardless of the type of soft drink consumed.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

50

Paus, Kim H., Tone M. Muthanna, and Bent C. Braskerud. "The hydrological performance of bioretention cells in regions with cold climates: seasonal variation and implications for design." Hydrology Research 47, no. 2 (October 1, 2015): 291–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/nh.2015.084.

Full text

Abstract:

Three bioretention cells in Norway were monitored for 23 to 36 months to evaluate the hydrological performance of bioretention cells operated in regions with cold climates and to test if cell size equations can be used to predict hydrological performance. Values of saturated hydraulic conductivity (Ksat) were determined for separate events by analyzing the observed infiltration rates and via infiltration tests. The two cells with the highest Ksat values (15.9 and 45.0 cm/h) performed excellently during the study period infiltrating nearly all of the incoming runoff. In contrast, the cell with low Ksat value (1.3 cm/h) infiltrated barely half of the incoming runoff. The latter cell had a clear seasonal variation in hydrological performance relating to changes in the Ksat values over the year. The size equation that gave the best predictions of the observed hydrological performance accounts for both surface storage and infiltration. By using this equation to evaluate various bioretention cell designs, it was found that the most effective way to increase the hydrologic performance is to have a Ksat value above 10 cm/h.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Journal articles on the topic 'Infiltration test'

Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles