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DiPaola, Tracey Stickley. "Biological and Chemical Renovation of Wastewater with a Soil Infiltrator Low-Pressure Distribution System." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/36809.
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An alternative on-site wastewater treatment and disposal system (OSWTDS) consisting of a soil infiltrator with low pressure distribution was evaluated in a soil that was unsuitable for a conventional OSWTDS under current Commonwealth of Virginia Sewage Handling and Disposal Regulations, due to a shallow seasonally perched water table and low hydraulic conductivity. The absorption field consisted of two subsystems numbered as 1 and 2 with effluent design loading rates of 5.1 and 10.2 Lpd/m2, respectively (actual loading rates of 2.4 and 4.9 Lpd/m2, respectively).
Soil matric potentials compared seasonally for each subsystem and indicated that both provided similar hydraulic performance. Background water quality was generally improved by subsurface movement through the absorption fields.
A bacterial tracer was found in shallow (45.7 cm) and deep (213.4 cm) sampling wells within 24 h in the two subsystems (but in low numbers) over both summer and winter sampling periods. A viral tracer was detected within 48 h in both shallow and deep wells, but only in subsystem 2 in the winter. In evaluating denitrification potential, the addition of glucose to soil core samples did increase quantitatively, although not significantly, nitrous oxide production in each subsystem, at each depth, during each season.
Overall, the performance of both subsystems was very similar. The soil infiltrator functioned very well, as designed for the site and soil limitations. It appears to be a potential alternative OSWTDS for use in problem soils.Master of Science
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Snow, Daniel Owens. "Modeling and Effects of Non-Homogeneous Infiltration on Material Properties of Carbon-Infiltrated Carbon Nanotube Forests." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2020. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/9216.
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This work investigates the material properties and production parameters of carbon infiltrated carbon nanotube structures (CI-CNT's). The impact of non homogeneous infiltration and the porosity of cross section regions, coupled with changes in designed geometry, in this case beam width, on the density and modulus of elasticity are compared. Three potential geometric models of beam cross section are proposed and evaluated. 3-point bending, SEM images, and numerical optimization are used to assess the validity of each model and the implications they have for future CI-CNT material applications. Carbon capping near exterior beam surfaces is observed and determined to be a contributing factor to variations in material properties correlated with changes in designed geometry and infiltration parameters (temperature, time, and hydrogen flow rate). Unexpected relationships between beam width and elastic modulus are partially explained by modeling the carbon-capped beams as C-shaped structural members consisting of a graphitic carbon shell of varying porosity and thickness and uninfiltrated carbon nanotube internal regions with a near negligible stiffness. Findings of previous works on the effects of infiltration parameters and carbon capping on materials properties are confirmed and expanded. Flange and web thickness and porosity of the graphitic carbon shell are identified as potential design parameters for pursuing tunable material properties in high precision geometry MEMS and compliant mechanism applications.
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Ribeiro, Mara Fernandes. "Ação do veneno da aranha marrom (Loxosceles Intermedia) em camundongos." Niterói, 2017. https://app.uff.br/riuff/handle/1/3351.
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Os acidentes causados por aranhas do gênero Loxosceles representam importante problema de saúde pública no Brasil, sendo as principais espécies de importância médica L. intermedia, L. laeta e L. gaucho. O veneno dessas aranhas promove grave dermonecrose no local da picada, e menos comumente, doença sistêmica que pode ser fatal. O mecanismo de ação desse veneno não está completamente elucidado, trata-se de um processo multifatorial, que envolve a ação direta do veneno sobre os tecidos e a resposta do organismo a agressão causada pelo mesmo. Os camundongos constituem o modelo experimental menos susceptível ao desenvolvimento dos efeitos locais decorrentes do envenenamento por aranhas Loxosceles, dessa forma, sua utilização representa grande interesse clínico, cujo objetivo é desvendar tal mecanismo de proteção presente nestes animais. Este trabalho teve como objetivo caracterizar as atividades do veneno de Loxosceles intermedia, bem como avaliar as atividades in vivo deste veneno em camundongos. A manipulação e os procedimentos com os animais obedeceram aos princípios da CEUA/UFF (Comissão de Ética no Uso de Animais da Universidade Federal Fluminense). Foi demonstrado, in vitro, que o veneno de L. intermedia não apresenta atividade fosfolipásica A2, a atividade hialuronidásica e colágenásica foram dependente da concentração do veneno enquanto que a atividade proteolítica e esfingomielinásica foram observadas apenas em altas concentrações. Para descrever as ações do veneno de L. intermedia em camundongos, foi proposta a utilização de três diferentes linhagens: BALB/c, C57BL/6 e Suiço. A atividade edematogênica na pata dos camundongos inoculados com o veneno foi observada para as três linhagens testadas, sendo persistente por 24 horas, apenas para as linhagens BALB/c e C57BL/6. A análise histopatológica do local de inoculação intradérmica do veneno no abdomen apresentou diferenças relevantes, como, intensa congestão vascular em Suiços e presença de infiltrado inflamatório no local de inoculação na pele de BALB/c e C57BL/6. A partir destes achados, investigou-se a mobilização de células inflamatórias a partir da medula óssea, no baço e no sangue por citometria de fluxo, que demonstrou resposta imunológica inata típica, com aumento da cinética de células mieloides e linfócitos T citotóxicos para camundongos C57BL/6, e resposta tipicamente adquirida/humoral, com aumento preferencial de linfócitos B convencionais e T auxiliar para camundongos BALB/c. Desta forma, este trabalho demonstrou que modelos animais semelhantes podem apresentar diferentes respostas a inoculação deste veneno. A presença do infiltrado inflamatório no local de inoculação do veneno e a mobilização de células inflamatórias a partir da medula óssea, baço e sangue revelaram que diferentes linhagens de camundongos apresentam diferenças no tipo celular envolvido na resposta imunológica decorrente do envenenamento ou esta diferença pode estar relacionada ao tempo e velocidade da resposta em cada linhagem de camundongos. A partir destes resultados este trabalho sugere que camundongos da linhagem BALB/c podem ser utilizados como modelo para estudar a produção de IgM e IgG induzido pelo veneno, incluindo análise de citocinas, quimiocinas e mecanismos moleculares, por outro lado camundongos C57BL/6 podem ser utilizados para descrever a participação de células mielóides durante o envenenamento por aranhas do gênero Loxosceles
Accidents caused by spiders of the genus Loxosceles represent an important public health problem in Brazil, being the major species of medical importance L. intermedia, L. laeta and L. gaucho. The venom of these spiders induces an intense dermonecrosis at the bite site, and less commonly, systemic disease that can be fatal. The mechanism of action of this venom is not fully elucidated, it is a multifactorial process, which involves the direct action of the venom on the tissues and the body's response to aggression caused by it. The mice are an experimental model less susceptible to development the local effects of poisoning Loxosceles spiders. Thus, their use is great clinical interest, whose goal is to unravel the mechanism of this protection in these animals. This study aimed to characterize the activities of Loxosceles intermedia venom, as well as evaluating the in vivo activity of this venom in mice. Manipulation and procedures with animals obeyed the principles of CEUA / UFF (Ethics Committee on Animal Use Universidade Federal Fluminense). It has been shown in vitro that the venom of L. intermedia shows no phospholipase A2 activity and the hyaluronidase and collagenase were dependent on the concentration of the poison and while the proteolytic and sphingomyelinase activity were observed only at high concentrations. To describe the actions of the venom of L. intermedia in mice, it was proposed to use three different strains: BALB/c, C57BL/6 and Swiss. The activity in the paw edema of mice inoculated with the venom was observed for the three strains tested, being persistent for 24 hours, only for the strains BALB/c and C57BL/6. Histopathological analysis of the site of venom intradermal inoculation in the abdomen showed significant differences, as intense vascular congestion in Swiss and inflammatory infiltration at the site of inoculation in the skin of BALB/c and C57BL/6. From these findings, we investigated the mobilization of inflammatory cells from the bone marrow, spleen like effector organ, and migration into the blood by flow cytometry, which showed a typical innate immune response, with increased kinetics of myeloid cells and cytotoxic T lymphocytes to C57BL/6 mice, and response typically acquired / humoral, with a preferential increase of conventional B lymphocytes and T helper to BALB/c mice. Thus, this study demonstrated that similar animal models may have different responses to inoculation of this venom. The presence of the inflammatory infiltrate at the site of inoculation of the venom and the mobilization of inflammatory cells from the bone marrow, spleen and blood revealed that different strains of mice differ in cell type involved in the immune response resulting from poisoning and this difference can be related time and speed of response for each strain of mice. From these results, this study suggests that BALB/c mice can be used as a model to study the production of IgM and IgG induced by the venom, including analysis of cytokines, chemokines and molecular mechanisms, on the other hand C57BL/6 mice can be used to describe the involvement of myeloid cells during poisoning by spiders of the genus Loxosceles
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Zhang, Jie, and s3069216@student rmit edu au. "A laboratory scale study of infiltration from Pervious Pavements." RMIT University. Civil, Environmental and Chemical Engineering, 2006. http://adt.lib.rmit.edu.au/adt/public/adt-VIT20070125.164003.
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Increased urbanization causes pervious greenfields to be converted to impervious areas increasing stormwater runoff. Most of the urban floods occur because existing drainage systems are unable to handle peak flows during rainfall events. During a storm event, flood runoff will carry contaminants to receiving waters such as rivers and creeks. Engineers and scientists have combined their knowledge to introduce innovative thinking to manage the quality of urban runoff and harvest stormwater for productive purposes. The introduction of pervious pavements addresses all the principles in Water Sensitive Urban Design. A pervious pavement is a load bearing pavement structure that is permeable to water. The pervious layer sits on the top of a reservoir storage layer. Pervious pavements reduce the flood peak as well as improve the quality of stormwater at source before it is transported to receiving waters or reused productively. To be accepted as a viable solution, understanding of the influence of design parameters on the infiltration rate (both from the bedding and the sub-base) as well as strength of the pavement requires to be established. The design of a particular pavement will need to be customized for different properties of sub layer materials present in different sites. In addition, the designs will have to meet local government stormwater discharge standards. The design of drainage systems underneath pervious pavements will need to be based on the permeability of the whole pervious system. The objectives of the research project are to: Understand the factors influencing infiltration capacities and percolation rates through the pervious surface as well as the whole pavement structure including the bedding and the sub-base using a laboratory experimental setup. Obtain relationships between rainfall intensity, infiltration rate and runoff quantity based on the sub-grade material using a computational model to assist the design of pervious pavements. A laboratory scale pavement was constructed to develop relationships between the surface runoff and the infiltration volume from a pervious pavement with an Eco-Pavement surface. 2 to 5mm crushed gravel and 5 to 20mm open graded gravel were chosen as the bedding and sub-base material. Initial tests such as dry and wet density, crushing values, hydraulic conductivity, California Bearing Ratio tests for aggregate material were conducted before designing and constructing the pavement model. A rainfall simulator with evenly spaced 24 sprays was set up above the pervious pavement surface. The thesis presents design aspects of the laboratory scale pavement and the tests carried out in designing the pavement and the experimental procedure. The Green and Ampt model parameters to calculate infiltration were obtained from the laboratory test results from aggregate properties. Runoff results obtained from rainfall simulator tests were compared with the Green and Ampt infiltration model results to demonstrate that the Green and Ampt parameters could be successfully calculated from aggregate properties. The final infiltration rate and the cumulative infiltration volume of water were independent of the rainfall intensity once the surface is saturated. The model parameters were shown to be insensitive to the final infiltration capacity and to the total amount of infiltrated water. The Green and Ampt infiltration parameters are the most important parameters in designing pervious pavements using the PCSWMMPP model. The PCSWMMPP model is a Canadian model built specially for designing pervious pavements. This is independent of the type of sub-grade (sand or clay) determining whether the water is diverted to the urban drainage system (clay sub-grade) or deep percolation into the groundwater system (sand sub-grade). The percolation parameter in Darcy's law is important only if the infiltrated water recharges the groundwater. However, this parameter is also insensitive to the final discharge through the subgrade to the groundwater. The study concludes by presenting the design characteristics influencing runoff from a pervious pavement depending on the rainfall intensity, pavement structure and sub-grade material and a step-by step actions to follow in the design.
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Jiang, Yan [Verfasser]. "Growth and thermal stability of V-Al-C thin films and infiltration and oxidation resistance of Al2O3 infiltrated iron foam / Yan Jiang." Aachen : Hochschulbibliothek der Rheinisch-Westfälischen Technischen Hochschule Aachen, 2013. http://d-nb.info/1037015444/34.
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Persson, Andreas. "Infiltration of Waldheim." Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Sektionen för teknokultur, humaniora och samhällsbyggnad, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-1458.
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"Infiltration of Waldheim" är ett spel gjort av David Lindell (grafik), Andreas Persson (programmering) och Mathias Jönsson (ljud och musik). Målet vi hade med projektet var att ha en spelbar bana med minst en vapen typ samt fiender att eliminera, allt ackompanjerat med pampig musik och en massa ljudeffekter. Jag kommer i denna rapport beskriva arbetets gång samt reflektera över vad som har fungerat och vad som varit mindre bra under projektets gång. Mina planer för spelet var mest att lära mig mera om framförallt AI samt arbeta mera i 3d. Spelet ska mest vara för mig själv, men med lite putsning och mera innehåll eventuellt användas vid jobb ansökningar i framtiden.
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Lemdani, Kathia. "Optimisation de la réponse immune après traitement locorégional de tumeurs colorectales murines." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SACLS374.
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Les métastases hépatiques compliquent l'évolution de 50% des cancers colorectaux (CCR). Plus de la moitié des patients présentent une récidive à distance avec métastases occultes pour lesquelles une chirurgie peut être réalisée dans moins de 20% des cas. L'ablation par radiofréquence (RFA) induit une réponse lymphocytaire T qui n'est pas évaluée après une intervention chirurgicale seule. L'immunothérapie combinée à la RFA pourrait potentialiser cet effet conduisant à une réponse tumorale à distance. Nous proposons une approche qui combine la RFA avec hydrogel thermoreversible libérant des agents immunomodulateurs (GMCSF et BCG) sur le site du traitementPremièrement, nous nous sommes intéressés à la sélection et à la caractérisation de la formulation optimale d’hydrogel par des techniques physicochimiques. Les propriétés de l'hydrogel ont été étudiées par rhéologie et des tests de muco-adhésion ont été mis en place. Le temps de résidence de l'hydrogel et de la protéine dans la zone tumorale a été démontré par imagerie optique. De plus, la cinétique de libération et l'intégrité du GMCSF encapsulé ont été déterminées. Ensuite, nous avons démontré l’efficacité de l’association de la RFA avec le dépôt local de l’hydrogel immunomodulatuer sur un modèle murin de cancer colorectal. En effet, nous avons observé une survie améliorée des animaux et régression complète des tumeurs distantes chez les animaux traités par la combinaison complète. Cette réponse est caractérisée par un niveau élevé de sécrétion de cytokines pro-inflammatoires par les cellules T CD4 et TCD8 et une augmentation de l’infiltrat lymphocytaire dans les tumeurs. Ceci a permis d'envisager une association avec l'immunothérapie anti-PD1 dans le traitement de macrométastases échappant au traitement combiné RFA avec l’hydrogel immunomodulateur. En effet, l’immunothérapie dans le traitement du cancer colorectal métastatique présente une efficacité limitée chez les patients. Notre travail propose a démontré que l’efficacité de l’immunomodulation locale dans l’amélioration des réponses immunitaires dans le cancer colorectal. Ces résultats permettent de reconsidérer l’utilisation de l’immunothérapie chez les patients atteints de CCR métastatique non MSILiver metastases complicate the progression of 50% of colorectal cancers (CRC). More than half of the patients have recurrent remissions with occult metastases for which surgery can be performed in less than 20% of cases. Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) induces a T lymphocyte response that is not observed after surgery alone. Combined immunotherapy with RFA may potentiate this effect leading to a distant tumor response. We propose an approach that combines RFA with thermoreversible hydrogel releasing immunomodulatory agents (GMCSF and BCG) at the treatment site.First, we focused on the selection and characterization of the optimal hydrogel formulation by physicochemical techniques. The properties of the hydrogel were studied by rheology and mucoadhesion tests were set up. The residence time of the hydrogel and the protein in the tumor zone was demonstrated by optical imaging. In addition, the release kinetics and integrity of the encapsulated GMCSF were determined. Then, we demonstrated the effectiveness of the combination of RFA with the local deposition of the immunomodulatory hydrogel on a mouse model of colorectal cancer. Indeed, we observed improved survival of animals and complete regression of distant tumors the complete treatment group. This response is characterized by a high level of pro-inflammatory cytokine secreted by CD4 and TCD8 T cells and an increase Lymphocytes infiltrating tumors. The immune escape of large lesions was reversed by association with anti-PD1 immunotherapy Indeed, immunotherapy in the treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer has limited efficacy in patients. Our work has demonstrated the effectiveness of local immunomodulation in improving immune responses in colorectal cancer. These results make it possible to reconsider the use of immunotherapy in patients with non-MSI metastatic CRC
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Auger, John Michael. "Discrete games of infiltration." Thesis, University of Southampton, 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.314935.
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Bancole, Apolline. "L'oxydation en infiltration percolation." Montpellier 2, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001MON20072.
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Nilsson, Peter. "Infiltration of wastewater : an applied study on treatment of wastewater by soil infiltration /." Lund, Sweden : Dept. of Environmental Engineering, Lund Institute of Technology, University of Lund, 1990. http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&doc_number=006106905&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA.
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林紅 and Hung Lin. "Lymphocytic infiltration and nasopharyngeal carcinoma." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1990. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31209907.
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Lin, Hung. "Lymphocytic infiltration and nasopharyngeal carcinoma /." [Hong Kong] : University of Hong Kong, 1990. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B12840956.
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Burley, Brendon J. Srebric Jelena. "Infiltration mapping for urban environments." [University Park, Pa.] : Pennsylvania State University, 2009. http://etda.libraries.psu.edu/theses/approved/WorldWideIndex/ETD-4526/index.html.
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Sommer, Jared Lee 1960. "Infiltration of deformable porous media." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/13101.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Materials Science and Engineering, 1992.Vita.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 179-188).
by Jared Lee Sommer.
Ph.D.
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Fritz, Heiko. "Infiltration in teilweise gefrorene Böden." Master's thesis, Technische Universitaet Bergakademie Freiberg Universitaetsbibliothek "Georgius Agricola", 2010. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:105-qucosa-62293.
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In der vorliegenden Arbeit wurden Doppelringinfiltrationsexperimente an teilweise gefrorenen Böden durchgeführt. Diese Experimente wurden anschließend mit den zwei computergestützten Modellen, Erosion 3D / Winter und COUP, nachgestellt, um die Frage zu beantworten, ob es möglich ist, die Infiltration in teilweise gefrorene Böden vorherzusagen.
Die Doppelringinfiltrationsexperimente wurden auf einem ackerbaulich genutzten Lehmboden mit geringer Lagerungsdichte und Bodenfeuchten im Bereich der Feldkapazität, an der nördlichen Grenze des hydrologischen Untersuchungsgebietes „Schäfertal“ durchgeführt. Drei Experimente erfolgten bei teilweise gefrorenen und ein Experiment bei ungefrorenem Boden.
Bei diesen Experimenten wurde herausgefunden, dass die Endinfiltrationsrate des gefrorenen Bodens mit 7·10-5 m/s gleich der Endinfiltrationsrate des ungefrorenen Bodens war. Während bei dem Infiltrationsexperiment mit ungefrorenem Boden die Endinfiltrationsrate bereits nach 10 bis 20 min erreicht war, wurden bei den Experimenten mit gefrorenen Böden aufgrund der zusätzlichen Sättigung des kryoturbativen Sekundärporenvolumens mehr Zeit benötigt.
Zu den im Boden ablaufenden Prozessen bei Zugabe von Infiltrationswasser (Temperaturveränderung, Gefrier- und Auftauprozesse, Veränderung der Porosität) besteht noch Klärungsbedarf.
Der für die Modellierung wichtige Eingabeparameter der Anfangsbodenfeuchte konnte bei winterlichen Bedingungen nicht genau bestimmt werden. Gravimetrische Bodenfeuchtebestimmungen liefern aufgrund des Eintrags von zusätzlichen Eis- und Schnee-Wasser zu hohe Werte. TDR- und Watermark-Messungen unterschätzen hingegen die Bodenfeuchten, weil sie nur den Anteil des flüssigen Wassers berücksichtigen.
Mit Erosion 3D / Winter konnten die Ergebnisse der Infiltrationsexperimente, unter der Voraussetzung, dass die effektive gesättigte hydraulische Leitfähigkeit des ungefrorenen Bodens exakt bekannt war, sehr gut nachgestellt werden. Eine Modellierung der Infiltration in einen teilweise gefrorenen Boden ist damit, zumindest für den untersuchten Boden und die betrachteten meteorologischen Bedingungen, möglich.
Das COUP - Modell lieferte dagegen völlig andere Ergebnisse, weil von einem Einfrieren des infiltrierten Wassers bei negativen Temperaturen ausgegangen wird. Eine Verbesserung der Infiltrationsbeschreibungen könnte hier wahrscheinlich durch die Vorgabe einer größeren Anzahl von Eingabeparametern, die die natürliche Situation besser repräsentieren als die für die Modellierung verwendeten Daten, erfolgen.
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Dopler, Thomas. "Low pressure infiltration process modeling." Châtenay-Malabry, Ecole centrale de Paris, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999ECAP0673.
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Les composites à matrice métallique, une matrice métalliquerenforcée par des fibres ou particlues céramiques, constituent un solution élegante pour obtenir des materiaux à propriétés mécaniques, de résistance à l'usure et à la fatigue exceptionnelles. Leurs applications sonts pour le moment limitées, moins à cause de leur coût, mais plutôt à cause des problème liés à la reproductibilité et à la dispertionde leurs propriétés. Le travail présent contribue au développement d'un code de simulation capable de prédire la cinétique d'infiltration pendant l'infiltration sous pression. Pour la première fois l'écoulement non saturé et le transfert de chaleur incluant la solidification sont traités d'une façon simultanée.
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Schmitt, Alby. "Modélisation de l'épuration par infiltration." Montpellier 2, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989MON20174.
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Une premiere approche de la modelisation de l'epuration par infiltration-percolation est proposee, basee sur l'etude des transferts de masse dans le massif filtrant. La description des transferts de substrat dans le biofilm permet d'apprehender les mecanismes d'epuration physico-chimique en condition d'oxydant non limitant (nitrification, denitrification). Une condition supplementaire sur le non colmatage du filtre complete cette modelisation dans le cas de l'oxydation de fortes dcio. Les experiences, conduites sur des colonnes ventilees artificiellement (oxydation de la dco, nitrification) ou realisees en milieu anoxique (denitrification) montrent des capacites epuratoires bien superieures aux resultats obtenus sur les dispositifs fonctionnant en aeration naturelle. Le calcul des bilans d'oxygene dans un massif filtrant aboutit a une modelisation simple de l'epuration physico-chimique sur massif filtrant non ventile artificiellement. Les charges polluantes maximales admissibles peuvent alors etre calculees pour une gestion hydraulique donnee. L'analyse statistique des abattements bacteriens releves dans la litterature rend compte de l'influence des parametres globaux de l'infiltration-percolation: temps de sejour de l'effluent dans le massif, repartition de l'effluent a la surface du filtre, niveau d'oxygenation et frequence des apports. Differentes lois d'abattement sont proposees et testees. L'utilisation de certaines lois en prediction peut etre envisagee
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Barrett, Gary Edward. "Infiltration in water repellent soil." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/28618.
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Observations made at Goat Meadows - a small sub-alpine basin located near Pemberton, British Columbia -demonstrated that a layer which is either water repellent or has only a limited affinity for water is present at most vegetated sites. The layer is typically a few centimetres in thickness, and is usually located at or near the top of the profile: it was present only in the zone of accumulation of organic matter. The spatial distribution of the layer did not appear to be related to the distribution of any particular species of plant. Sampling of sub-alpine sites in the Cascade, Selkirk, and Purcell Mountains indicated that such layers are common in the alpine - sub-alpine ecotone of southern British Columbia.
The relationship between ponding depth and infiltration rate was explored through experiments conducted on samples collected near Ash Lake, in Goat Meadows. These samples were chosen for analysis because the repellent layer was in excess of thirty centimetres thick at this site. Infiltration rates remained below 2x10⁻⁹ m/s for all samples, even given ponding depths of up to forty centimetres. Breakthrough of liquid water was not observed, even after one month, which implies that most of the infiltration occurred as vapour transfer.
In order to observe the movement of liquid water through water repellent media, a plexiglas cell was constructed. A synthetic water repellent sand with uniform surface properties was used as the medium. It was found that up to some critical depth, there was no entry of water into the medium. As the ponding depth was increased in steps, the front would advance in steps: it remained stationary between these step-increases in ponding depth. As the front advanced, protuberances or "fingers" began to develop. At some critical ponding depth, a finger would grow without bound. These observations pose a challenge to existing models of infiltration, since it appears that heterogeneity at the scale of individual pores must be invoked to explain them, but it is usually assumed that the properties of a porous medium are continuous at this scale.
The thermodynamics of filling and emptying of pores is considered with emphasis on the effects of pore shape and of variations in the physicochemical properties at the scale of the pore. This thermodynamic analysis provides the conceptual basis for development of a model of infiltration in which pore-scale heterogeneity is preserved. Although it was not developed as such, the model follows the approach of cellular automata, in which local relations between pores or "cells" govern the behaviour of the system. The model replicated the observations of infiltration into synthetic water repellent porous media well: both the halting advance of the front as the ponding depth was increased and the development of fingers were simulated. The fact that such complex behaviour was predicted using only a simple set of physically based rules confirms the power of the approach.Arts, Faculty of
Geography, Department of
Graduate
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Pereira, Débora. "Clínica de animais de companhia: doença inflamatória intestinal felina." Master's thesis, Universidade de Évora, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10174/12184.
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O presente relatório de estágio foi desenvolvido com base no estágio efetuado no período de Agosto a Dezembro de 2011, no âmbito do estágio curricular final do Mestrado Integrado em Medicina Veterinária, no Hospital Veterinario Universitario Rof Codina, em Lugo, Espanha, e na Clínica Veterinária do Vale do Couto, Lda, nas Caldas da Rainha, Portugal. O relatório divide-se na descrição das atividades médico-veterinárias desenvolvidas ao longo do estágio e na revisão bibliográfica sobre Doença Inflamatória Intestinal Felina. A revisão bibliográfica é seguida do relato e discussão de um caso clínico acompanhado na Clínica Veterinária do Vale do Couto, acerca da doença retratada.
A Doença Inflamatória Intestinal (DII) é caracterizada pela cronicidade dos sinais clínicos gastrointestinais de origem idiopática, e pela infiltração inflamatória da mucosa do intestino delgado e/ou grosso. É um dos distúrbios gastrointestinais mais comuns em felinos e o diagnóstico mais frequente em gatos com perda de peso crónica e sinais gastrointestinais; Abstract:
Feline Inflammatory Bowel Disease
This report was developed after an internship completed during the period of August until December 2011, within the ambit of the Integrated Masters in Veterinary Medicine. The internship took place at the Hospital Veterinarian University Rof Codina (HVU-RC) of the University of Santiago de Compostela, in Lugo, Spain, and at the Veterinary Clinic Vale do Couto, Lds, in Caldas da Rainha, Portugal. The report includes a description of the veterinary clinical activities performed throughout the internship and the literature review of Feline Inflammatory Bowel Disease. The literature review is followed by the presentation and the discussion of a clinical case of Feline Inflammatory Bowel Disease that was followed in the Veterinary Clinic of Vale do Couto.
The Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) is characterized by chronic gastrointestinal clinical signs of idiopathic origin, and inflammatory infiltration of the mucosa of small and/or large intestinal mucosa. It is one of the most common gastrointestinal disorders of cats and a major diagnosis in cats presented with chronic weight loss and gastrointestinal signs.
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Muscat, Daniel. "Titanium carbidealuminum composites by melt infiltration." Thesis, McGill University, 1993. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=41230.
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Metal/ceramic composites have attracted considerable attention in the last 20 years, primarily due to the flexibility they offer when designing material with tailored properties. Melt infiltration is a popular fabricating method for such composites, as it allows the production of near-net shape components with high ceramic content. Capillaric melt infiltration is a simpler process since the liquid penetrates the preform under the action of a capillary pressure. This work deals with the fabrication and evaluation of a TiC/Al composite produced by melt infiltration. Pre-sintered preforms, having different void fraction and pore size, where infiltrated with pure Al, in an argon atmosphere, at various temperatures. The infiltration was carried out using the contact and the capillary dip methods to study the mechanical properties and infiltration behaviour, respectively.The material exhibited a wide range of properties, depending on the ceramic content. Optimum tensile strengths of up to 480MPa were obtained for composites containing between 67 and 75% TiC, and infiltrated at 1050-1200$ sp circ$C. The extent of pre-sintering of the TiC was seen to play a crucial role in the strengthening of the microstructure, as well as the fracture mechanism by which the material failed. The elastic modulus was seen to increase with increasing TiC content, from values of 120 to 290GPa. The hardness also increased with TiC content, to values as high as 800kg/mm$ sp2,$ but decreased with higher infiltration temperatures due to the breakdown of the TiC network and grain coarsening.
An experimental set-up was designed to measure the rate of infiltration by continually monitoring the weight changes of the preform as a result of the penetration of Al. Infiltration profiles were generated as a function of pore size, pore volume and temperature. At low temperatures, an incubation period was evident as a result of the transient contact angle between the two phases. Moreover, infiltration was inhibited at lower pore volume fraction. Finally, the Activation energy for the system increased from 90 to 450kJ/mol, with increasing pore size, suggesting a transition from a diffusion controlled process to one activated by a surface reaction for larger pore sizes.
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Pimental-Lopez, Jose. "Modeling two-dimensional infiltration from furrows." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/279977.
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Numerical simulations were performed to study two-dimensional infiltration from furrows. The simulations were carried out using the models SWMS_2D, HYDRUS-2D and HYDRUS-1D. The first model was used to evaluate the individual effect of soil and furrow parameters on cumulative infiltration and deep seepage. Cumulative infiltration was found to be more sensitive to saturated hydraulic conductivity, wetted perimeter and furrow spacing than the other parameters for relatively long times, while cumulative deep seepage was more sensitive to the same parameters except to the furrow spacing. It was verified that two-dimensional cumulative infiltration can be approximated using one-dimensional models, for example HYDRUS-1D, by combining the vertical and horizontal infiltrations. The two-dimensional cumulative infiltration is underpredicted by no more than 35% using this calculation. When steady state is reached the steady infiltration rate may be linearly related to the depth of the furrow. As a result, steady infiltration rate is dependent only on type of soil, water depth in the furrow and furrow width. Broocks-Corey soil hydraulic parameters were matched to the van Genuchten parameters by four different procedures. The method based on matching sorptivities produced the closest results to the van Genuchten solution for one- and two-dimensional cumulative infiltration. However, cumulative deep seepage was not accurately simulated. The SCS infiltration parameters were also matched but using an inverse problem methodology. The parameters obtained described cumulative infiltration reasonably well.
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Earl, Jonathan S. "Hydroxyapatite Nanoparticles and Dentine Tubule Infiltration." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.486394.
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Zulfia, Anne. "Pressureless infiltration of aluminium matrix composites." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.484253.
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Ng, Man-chung, and 吳敏聰. "Water infiltration in unsaturated soil slope." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2010. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B46599642.
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Youssef, Zadeh Fard Mikail. "Infiltration of water in road shoulders." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.397017.
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Dooley, Sharon T. "Peripheral IV Infiltration and Extravasation Prevention." Mount St. Joseph University Dept. of Nursing / OhioLINK, 2021. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=msjdn1619174321310464.
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Essving, Per. "Local infiltration analgesia in knee arthroplasty." Doctoral thesis, Örebro universitet, Institutionen för hälsovetenskap och medicin, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-21412.
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Local infiltration analgesia (LIA) is a new technique for postoperative pain management following knee arthroplasty. LIA involves a long-acting local anesthetic (ropivacaine), a non-steroid anti-inflammatory drug (ketorolac) and epinephrine infiltrated into the knee joint during surgery and injected postoperatively via a catheter. In the first two studies, LIA was compared with placebo in unicompartmental (I) and total (II) knee arthroplasty. Postoperative pain levels, morphine consumption and the incidence of side effects were lower in the LIA groups. In addition, we found a shorter length of hospital stay in the LIA group following unicompartmental knee arthroplasty compared with placebo (I), while the time to home readiness was shorter in the LIA group following total knee arthroplasty (II). In this study, we found that the unbound venous blood concentration of ropivacaine was below systemic toxic blood concentrations in a sub-group of patients. In the third study, LIA was compared with intrathecal morphine for postoperative pain relief following total knee arthroplasty (III). Pain scores and morphine consumption were lower, length of hospital stay was shorter and patient satisfaction was higher in the LIA group. In the final study, we investigated the effect of minimally invasive surgery (MIS) compared with conventional surgery in unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (IV). Both groups received LIA. We found no statistically significant differences in postoperative pain, morphine consumption, knee function, home readiness, hospital stay or patient satisfaction. In conclusion, LIA provided better postoperative pain relief and earlier mobilization than placebo, both in unicompartmental and total knee arthroplasty. When compared to intrathecal morphine, LIA also resulted in improved postoperative pain relief and earlier mobilization. Minimally invasive surgery did not improve outcomes after unicompartmental knee arthroplasty, when both groups received LIA.
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Sypherd, Shane Dirk. "Effects of Infiltration Temperature, Time, and Gas Flow Rate on Material Properties of Carbon Infiltration Carbon Nanotubes." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2019. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/7733.
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This work characterizes the material properties of carbon infiltrated carbon nanotube (CI- CNT) structures. The impacts of temperature, time, and hydrogen flow rates on the material prop- erties of modulus of elasticity and strength are examined and compared. Carbon infiltration levels are assessed through the use of SEM images to determine which parameters give the highest level of infiltration. Through the use of SEM, carbon capping is observed on samples infiltrated for longer times at 900 and 950◦ C, suggesting that the samples are not being infiltrated during the entire desired infiltration period at these temperatures. The highest material properties of modulus and strength were reached when infiltrating the carbon nanotube forests for 150 mins at 850◦ C with hydrogen flowing at 311 sccm (0.0115 m/s). With these parameters, a modulus of 20.4 GPa and strength of 289.8 MPa were attained. The poorest results were seen when the samples were infiltrated at 800◦ C, and is therefore not recommended as an infiltration temperature if high mod- ulus and strength are desired. Density is correlated to strength and modulus and it is seen that there is a strong correlation between higher strength and modulus with higher density.
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Thuresson, Jenny, and Mathilda Davidsson. "Moneo: Säkert varningssystem för detektering vid infiltration." Thesis, Högskolan i Halmstad, Sektionen för ekonomi och teknik (SET), 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-15255.
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I Sverige drabbas varje år mer än 150 barn av allvarliga skador under infusionsbehandling. I nära samarbete med Hallands sjukhus Halmstad och har ett varningssystem utvecklats för att detektera infiltration under infusionsbehandling. Detta är en produkt som efterfrågats i 30 år av barnläkaren och idéskaparen till projektet, Kent-Åke Henricson. Infiltration är en medicinsk term som beskriver när infusionsvätska läcker ut i omgivande vävnad runt blodvenen. Beroende på vilket läkemedel som infiltrerats kan skadans allvarlighetsgrad variera från en lätt hudreaktion till allvarlig nekros. Vid en allvarlig infiltration förlängs vårdtiden vilket blir kostsamt för sjukhusen. Moneo underlättar arbetet för sjukvårdspersonal likaså ger det barn en trygg och säker behandling. Idag görs rutinkontroller av sjuksköterska upp till varannan timme på droppets insticksställe, vilket är både tidskrävande och störande för patienten. Produkten fungerar som ett kompletterande stöd vid behandling och är anpassad för att användas med befintlig infusionsutrustning. Barn är aktiva patienter och produkten är utformad för att tillåta fysiska rörelser och genom sin lätta vikt och smarta konstruktion är produkten bekväm för patienten och enkel att integrera i sjukvårdspersonalens rutiner. Projektgruppen är stolt och nöjd över att presentera sitt examensarbete Moneo, som resulterat i en produkt som ger säkrare vård och förhindrar onödigt lidande för barn. Ingen patient ska behöva skadas i vården, det är en grundprincip för all vårdverksamhet.Each year more than 150 children suffer from severe injuries during IV infusion therapy in Sweden. In close cooperation with Hallands sjukhus Halmstad, a new warning system has been developed for detection of infiltration during IV infusion. For more than 30 years this kind of product has been requested from pediatrician and innovator Kent- Åke Henricson. Infiltration is a medical term used to describe when you infuse medical drugs into the surrounding tissue instead of into the vein. Depending on the type of medicine that has been infiltrated, the severity of the injury varies from light skin reaction to severe necrosis. A severe infiltration leads to extended hospital stays for the patient, which can be costly for the hospital. Today a nurse does regular checkups every two hours at the puncture site in order to insure that the medicine is being delivered properly. This is very time consuming for medical staff, as well as, annoying for the patient. Our product will function as an additional safe guard during infusion therapy and is adapted to be used with existing infusion devices. Moneo allows for easier monitoring by medical staff while giving children a more safe treatment. Children are active patients and Moneo’s light weight and smart design allows for physical movement and comfort of the patient. It is also easily integrated into the existing procedures and routines of the medical professionals. The project group is proud and happy to present their final thesis, Moneo, which has resulted in a product that can eliminate unnecessary suffering in the children receiving IV infusion therapy thereby providing a more safe treatment option. It is a basic medical principle that no patient should suffer negative side effects of a medical procedure. Moneo can be used to avoid these kinds of concerns.
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Nelson, Stephen Swanson. "Performance evaluation of cold weather infiltration facilities." Online access for everyone, 2006. http://www.dissertations.wsu.edu/Thesis/Summer2006/s_nelson_082906.pdf.
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Grohn, Manfred. "Feingegossene Metallschwämme als Preform zur schmelzflüssigen Infiltration /." Aachen : Shaker, 2005. http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&doc_number=014191712&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA.
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Jackson, Christopher Bryan. "Liquid metal infiltration of fibrous ceramic preforms." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.393792.
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Watkins, David Christopher. "The hydraulic design of infiltration drainage systems." Thesis, University of Exeter, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.249074.
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Prabhakar, Vinay Kumar 1977. "Transient liquid-phase infiltration of aluminum alloys." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/89894.
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HEBERT, NATHALIE. "Hematome epidural apres infiltration epidurale ou intradurale." Paris 6, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA062044.
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Proton, Antoine. "Etude hydraulique des tranchées de rétention / infiltration." Lyon, INSA, 2008. http://theses.insa-lyon.fr/publication/2008ISAL0073/these.pdf.
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Les tranchées de rétention / infiltration sont utilisées pour limiter les débits de ruissellement des eaux pluviales urbaines. Bien que techniquement et économiquement performants ces ouvrages sont sous-utilisés. Cette thèse vise à lever certains des obstacles à leur utilisation. L’étude du fonctionnement des tranchées expérimentales de rétention – allure des lignes d’eau et des hydrogrammes produits - a permis d’améliorer les connaissances sur le comportement hydraulique d’une tranchée munie de drains. Elle a en particulier montré que les tranchées remplies avec du matériau granulaire de forte porosité, galet 20-80, se comportaient sur le plan hydraulique plus comme des conduites de forte rugosité que comme des sols. Un autre résultat important est que les échanges d’eau entre les drains et le corps de la tranchée ne semblent pas limités par les fentes de diffusion. Ces connaissances nouvelles ont servi de base à la construction d’un modèle de simulation hydraulique des tranchées de rétention. Une procédure originale a ensuite été mise en place pour accélérer le vieillissement d’une tranchée d’infiltration. Cette procédure a permis d’observer la diminution des capacités d’infiltration de l’ouvrage pour une durée de fonctionnement équivalente à 6 ans. L’objectif de cette partie de la recherche était d’améliorer les connaissances sur le vieillissement et le colmatage des tranchées. Cette étude a permis de montrer que le modèle de Bouwer représente bien le fonctionnement de la tranchée à différents stades de colmatage. Ces résultats ont permis de coupler le modèle de Bouwer avec le modèle de stockThe detention/infiltration trenches are used to limit the flows of urban stormwater. Although they are technically and economically efficient these hydraulic works remain underused. This PhD thesis aims at overcoming some of the obstacles to their use. The study of the way experimental detention trenches work (based on the aspect of water profiles and outflow hydrographs) has allowed to improve knowledge on the hydraulic behaviour of a trench supplied by french drains. It specifically showed that the trenches filled with granular material of strong porosity (gravel 20-80) behave the hydraulic level rather as a pipe with strong roughness than as a soil. Another important result is that water exchanges between the drains and the trench body do not seem to be limited by the diffusion slits. This new knowledge has been used as a basis to build a hydraulic model to simulate the detention trenches behaviour. An original method was then defined to accelerate the ageing of an infiltration trench. This method has made it possible to observe the reduction of the structure’s infiltration capacities for an equivalent operating time of 6 years. The objective of this part of the research was to improve knowledge on trenches ageing and clogging. These results made it possible to couple Bouwer’s model with the storage model
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DeBusk, Kathy Marie. "Stormwater Treatment by Two Retrofit Infiltration Practices." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/32757.
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Increases in impervious surfaces associated with urbanization change stream
hydrology by increasing peak flow rates, storm-flow volumes and flood frequency, and
degrade water quality through increases in sediment, nutrient, and bacteria
concentrations. In response to water quality and quantity issues within the Stroubles
Creek watershed, the Town of Blacksburg and Virginia Tech designed and constructed
two innovative stormwater best management practices (BMPs). The goal of this project
was to evaluate the effectiveness of a bioretention cell and a CU-Structural Soilâ ¢
infiltration trench. BMP construction was completed in July 2007. Twenty-nine
precipitation events were monitored over a period of five months between October 2007
and March 2008. For each storm, inflow and outflow composite samples were collected
for each BMP and analyzed for suspended sediment, total nitrogen, total phosphorus,
fecal coliform bacteria and E-coli bacteria. The inflow and outflow concentrations and
loads, as well as total inflow and outflow volumes and peak flow rates, were then
compared to evaluate how well each BMP reduces stormwater flows, decrease peak
runoff rates and improves water quality of stormwater runoff. Results for the bioretention
cell indicate average reductions in stormwater quantity, sediment, total nitrogen, total
phosphorus and fecal coliform bacteria that exceeded 99% by mass. The CU-Structural
Soilâ ¢ infiltration trench produced reductions in stormwater quantity, total phosphorus
and sediment that averaged 60%, 45% and 51%, respectively. Preliminary bacteria
results indicated that both BMPs served as sources of E-coli, and the infiltration trench
served as a source of fecal coliform bacteria.Master of Science
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Randolph, Brian Walter. "Reliability approach to infiltration into an embankment /." The Ohio State University, 1989. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu148759996359027.
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Thaemert, David Karl 1967. "Kostiakov infiltration functions for level furrow design." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/277841.
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More efficient water application is generally achieved when the design parameters match actual field conditions. On four sites, Kostiakov infiltration functions were derived from cylinder and blocked furrow infiltrometers and SCS (Soil Conservation Service) intake families according to soil type. An infiltration function was also developed using a hydrodynamic computer model to adjust equation parameters to fit field data. Computer simulations of level furrow irrigation, using each Kostiakov infiltration function, were compared to actual field data. Excluding those functions fit to the field data, Kostiakov infiltration functions obtained from blocked furrow infiltrometers generally provided the most consistent input for level furrow irrigation design and evaluation.
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Nuzum, Frederick Micah. "Anesthetic Efficacy of a Labial plus Lingual Infiltration Compared to a Labial Infiltration using Articaine in Mandibular Anterior Teeth." The Ohio State University, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1251661819.
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Anselmi, Junior Raul Alberto. "Infiltrado linfocitário tumoral (TIL) em melanomas primários." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFPR, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1884/18840.
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Smothers, Anna Elizabeth. "Anesthetic Efficacy of a Repeat Infiltration Injection of Articaine 20 Minutes Following a Primary Infiltration Injection in the Mandibular Teeth." The Ohio State University, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1317644674.
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MELLO, F. A. "Avaliação do Epitélio Nasal e Componentes do Sangue em Modelos Experimentais Submetidos a Exposição ao Herbicida Ácido 2,4-Diclorofenoxiacético." Universidade do Oeste Paulista, 2016. http://bdtd.unoeste.br:8080/jspui/handle/jspui/991.
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Introduction: Increased sugarcane production among the rise in use of herbicides, such as the 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), might causes several harm for health. Studies that evaluate the alterations due to the use of this herbicide in the hemogram and in the cells of the nasal mucosa are very important, since the information provided helps in understanding the interactions of substances as the 2,4-D with the human organism. Objective: To analyze blood count components and inflammatory infiltrate in experimental models submitted to nebulization with 2,4-D herbicide, in different time intervals and concentrations. Method: Eighty male Swiss mice were divided into four groups (n = 20): saline, low (3,71 x 10-3 grams of active ingredient per hectare), medium (6,19 x 10-3 grams of active ingredient per hectare) and high concentrations (9,28 x 10-3 grams of active ingredient per hectare). All animals were exposed to the nebulization predefined for each group for 15 minutes during different time intervals: 24, 48, 72 and 192 hours. Blood samples were taken by intracardiac puncture and after euthanasia, the muzzle of each animal was removed for mast cell quantification through toluidine blue staining and analysis of the inflammatory infiltrate by Hematoxylin-Eosin staining (HE). Analysis of normality was conduced using the statistical package Shapiro-Wilk, and for statistical analysis of data Two-way Anova test was performed, considering statistically significant results with p <0.05. Results: All animals in the low concentration group presented microcytosis and hypochromia within 72 hours; Eosinophilia and lymphocytosis within 48 hours. Neutrophilia was observed in the high concentration group over the 192 hour interval. The mast cell count showed significantly increased values in the high concentration group, in the time interval of 48 hours, when compared to the 24 hour period. Conclusion: In conclusion, we observed that in spite of changes in haematological values, the 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid herbicide can not be considered dose-dependent and time-dependent herbicide, but it might provoke allergic reactions.
Introdução: O aumento da produção de cana-de-açúcar em conjunto com a utilização de herbicidas, como o ácido 2,4-diclorofenoxiacético (2,4-D) traz diversos agravos à saúde humana. Estudos que avaliam as alterações decorrentes do uso desse herbicida no hemograma e nas células da mucosa nasal são de grande importância, pois as informações fornecidas podem ser utilizadas com o intuito de ajudar na compreensão da interação dessa substância com o organismo humano. Objetivo: Analisar os componentes do sangue e infiltrado inflamatório em modelos experimentais submetidos à nebulização ao herbicida 2,4-D, em diferentes intervalos de tempo e concentrações. Metodologia: Foram utilizados 80 camundongos Swiss machos, divididos em quatro grupos (n=20): salina, baixa (3,71 x 10-3 gramas de ingrediente ativo por hectare), média (6,19 x 10-3 gramas de ingrediente ativo por hectare) e alta concentração (9,28 x 10-3 gramas de ingrediente ativo por hectare). Todos os animais foram expostos às nebulizações preconizadas para cada grupo por 15 minutos, em diferentes intervalos de tempo: 24, 48, 72 e 192 horas. A coleta das amostras de sangue foi através de punção intracardíaca e após a eutanásia, o focinho de cada animal foi retirado para a quantificação de mastócitos, através da coloração de azul de toluidina e análise do infiltrado inflamatório, pela coloração de Hematoxilina-Eosina (HE). Para a análise de normalidade foi utilizado o pacote estatístico Shapiro-Wilk e para a análise estatítica dos dados, utilizamos o teste Two-way Anova, considerando estatisticamente diferentes os resultados que apresentaram p< 0,05. Resultados: Todos os animais do grupo baixa concentração apresentaram microcitose e hipocromia no intervalo de 72 horas; eosinofilia e linfocitose no intervalo de 48 horas. Foi verificada neutrofilia no grupo alta concentração no intervalo de 192 horas. A contagem de mastócitos apresentou valores significativamente aumentados no grupo alta concentração, no intervalo de tempo de 48 horas, quando comparado ao de 24 horas. Conclusão: Em conclusão observamos que, apesar das alterações nos valores hematológicos, o herbicida ácido 2,4-diclorofenoxiacético não pode ser considerado dose e tempo-dependentes, mas pode provocar reações alérgicas.
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Dasgupta, Surajit. "Infiltration under two contrasting hydrologic scenarios in Texas." Thesis, Texas A&M University, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/2387.
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Investigation of infiltration provides insights about the flow of water and transport of contaminants through the vadose zone. Infiltration is governed by prevailing environmental conditions like soil characteristics, plant cover and geologic settings. The main objective was to study preferential flow dominated infiltration at two contrasting hydrologic settings in Texas. For the first study, artificial rainfall was simulated within a plot covered with juniper trees at a karst region of the Edwards Plateau and sub-surface flow was monitored using TDR probes. Sub-surface flow was simulated using HYDRUS-2D. Results demonstrated that sub-surface flow occurred in a tri-modal manner, consisting of flow in karst conduits, planar fractures in the limestone, and soil matrix. Both fracture and matrix flow responses increased with increase in rainfall intensity. During large rainfall events, water exchange was observed between the fractures and matrix. Dye studies indicated that fractures and juniper roots were primary pathways for preferential flow occurring within the plot. The model simulated flow characteristics like exchange processes and differentiated between preferential and conduit flow besides determining approximate van Genuchten parameters for each geologic unit.For the second study, tension infiltrometers were used to conduct infiltration experiments at six soil water pressures (?? = -0.2 to 0 m) in an agricultural field near College Station over a 21 month period. The aim was to determine steady infiltration rate, if, saturated hydraulic conductivity, Ksat, unsaturated hydraulic conductivity, K(??) and unsaturated flux density ??(??). Moreover, the effect of varying disc diameters on steady state infiltration rates (if) was also studied. Results demonstrated that infiltration occurred in a bi-modal fashion consisting of preferential flow and matrix flow. Macropores and roots present in the soil resulted in gravity dominated flow at ?? = -0.05 to 0 m for all experiments. Statistical analysis suggested that the soil did not exhibit spatial variability within the plot and the five different disc diameters had no effect on if. Statistically significant differences in if were observed between 0.2 and 0.24 m disc diameters at saturation over the 21 month period. The if values illustrated strong temporal variations based on natural conditions over the 21 month period.
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Wittig, Daniela. "Pressureless infiltrated alumina and zirconia based steel - MMCs." Doctoral thesis, Technische Universitaet Bergakademie Freiberg Universitaetsbibliothek "Georgius Agricola", 2009. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:105-712316.
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Alumina and zirconia based steel-MMCs were produced by pressureless Ti-activated melt infiltration using a high vacuum furnace. The effect of particle size and morphology on the formation of a ceramic network in-situ and MMC properties were investigated using three different alumina powders. The alumina/steel-MMCs were characterised for microstructure, Young’s modulus and strength at room temperature and elevated temperatures, and wear behaviour. Also the use of different types of steel was shown. Zirconia/steel-MMCs were produced using three different types of zirconia powder. With the use of monoclinic and partially stabilised (Ca-PSZ, Mg-PSZ) zirconia powder the effect of the monoclinic to tetragonal phase transformation on MMC microstructure and wear behaviour was shown. Further alumina preforms were successfully infiltrated in argon atmosphere at atmospheric pressure using a standard tube furnace. The infiltration in argon resulted in an increased degradation of the alumina particles. The infiltrations showed further investigations are needed for a better understanding of the mechanism of activated melt infiltration since different reactions (i.e. ceramic/metal interactions, dissolutions and evaporations) occur simultaneously during infiltration.
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Gilani, Adel Mohamed. "Various Durability Aspects Of Slurry Infiltrated Fiber Concrete." Phd thesis, METU, 2007. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12608753/index.pdf.
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Slurry infiltrated fiber concrete (SIFCON) was first produced in 1979 in the USA, by incorporating large amounts of steel fiber in molds to form very
dense network of fibers. The network is then infiltrated by a fine liquid
cement-based slurry or mortar. The steel fiber content can be as high as 30 %
by volume. This percentage usually does not exceed 2 % in normal fiber
reinforced concrete (FRC) for reasons related to mixing and workability. Due
to its high fiber content, SIFCON demonstrates unique and superior
mechanical properties in the areas of both strength and ductility.
Most of previous research work on SIFCON has focused mainly on
investigating the mechanical properties of this material. On the other hand,
the studies carried out in the field of durability of SIFCON are quite limited.
v
Therefore, it seemed that it would be worth to study the various durability
aspects of SIFCON.
In view of the above, the objectives of this study are to investigate and
provide information about durability of SIFCON, mainly permeability,
resistance to chloride penetration, freezing and thawing and drying shrinkage.
This information will help in providing the necessary database and
knowledge about the ability of SIFCON to withstand the conditions for
which it has been designed without deterioration, especially when it is
intended to be used in aggressive environments
The investigations included studying the effects of the following on
durability of SIFCON: (i) matrix type (slurry or mortar), (ii) fiber contents
(7%, 9.5%, and 12% by volume), and (iii) steel fiber geometry (hooked or
crimped).
The results obtained indicated that SIFCON, especially when prepared using
mortar not slurry, has shown good durability characteristics in spite of its
apparent high water absorption. The SIFCON made with the highest possible
fiber volume fractions showed the best results. However, it was concluded
that SIFCON needs to be protected with suitable low permeability overlays to
ensure ideal improved performance by protecting the steel fibers exposed on
the surfaces especially against chloride attack.
47
Ristow, Gerhard. "Immunophänotypisierung des entzündlichen Infiltrates der Arthrose assoziierten Synovialitis." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2003. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=967870151.
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48
Gerhard, Jason Ian. "DNAPL infiltration, redistribution, and immobilization in porous media." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2002. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/NQ65670.pdf.
Full text
49
Manning, Charles Roger 1956. "Infiltration parameters for mathematical models of furrow irrigation." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/278286.
Full textAbstract:
The effort to improve furrow irrigation design and management by use of mathematical models is hampered by the difficulty of obtaining infiltration parameters that adequately describe the infiltration process in furrows. This difficulty is related to the effect on infiltration of the variability of wetted width of a furrow with depth. Detailed field measurements of twelve furrow irrigations were used to develop infiltration parameters based on three different assumptions regarding the variation of wetted width with depth. These infiltration parameters were used as input into a mathematical model of furrow irrigation, SRFR. Comparison of measured advance times, water surface elevations and volume of water infiltrated with these values computed by SRFR indicates that SRFR gives consistent results based on the input parameters.
50
Diamandis, Elie [Verfasser], and Irina [Akademischer Betreuer] Mader. "Metabolic microenvironment of the infiltration zone of glioma." Freiburg : Universität, 2018. http://d-nb.info/1180285670/34.
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