Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Infirmes'
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Benbourenane, Naïma. "Analyse des interactions verbales chez un sujet infirme moteur cérébral (IMC) : apport des techniques augmentatives et alternatives : l'exemple du "synthé 4"." Paris 5, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA05H028.
Full textThe literature informs us about various communication aids systems which are offered to cerebral palsied children with different levels of language impairment. Such aids are presented under either codified or “technological” forms. Their importance in the field of mediation and dialogical dynamics has profited little from scientific approaches up to the present. Our study tries to clarify the contribution of augmentative and alternative systems in the communication of children with cerebral palsy (CP). H constitutes a reflexion on the diversity of linguistic strategies according to situations. It has a psycholinguistic orientation. We propose it, as research on the model of organization of discourse at cerebral palsy and like an example of the contribution of linguistics to the understanding of the pathology of language
Lornet, Jean-Michel. "Benefice de la chirurgie des scolioses chez les enfants infirmes moteurs cerebraux." Besançon, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991BESA3021.
Full textCouture, Geneviève. "Le traitement de l'information sociale des enfants atteints de déficience motrice cérébrale intégrés en classe régulière." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/44909.
Full textBertrand-Charette, Michaël. "Développement d'une méthode d'entraînement de la poussée plantaire pour une rééducation chez les personnes ayant une déficience motrice cérébrale." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/27848.
Full textOBJECTIVE: People with cerebral palsy have a modified push-off control, limiting their ability to walk. Recent work has demonstrated that treadmill walking with a resistance applied to the ankle during swing can lead to modifications in ankle dorsiflexor control that persist after resistance removal (“aftereffects”). Initial attempt to replicate this finding during push-off was unsuccessful, maybe because of the different sensorimotor control of the targeted muscle groups and/or the mechanical constraints of walking on a treadmill for push-off adaptation. The primary objective of the present memoir was therefore to see if walking overground would provide a better environment for push-off adaptation. The secondary objective was to document the effect of this unilateral resistance exposure on bilateral locomotor control. METHODS: 30 healthy participants walked overground before, during, and after the application of an elastic resistance at the ankle. Elastic tubing (Thera-band Silver) attached to the front of a modified ankle-foot orthosis delivered the resistance during push-off (1-8 Nm). Ankle angle and Soleus EMG were collected bilaterally throughout the test using wireless recordings. RESULTS: On the resisted side, 27 participants adapted to the force field and 25/30 participants presented aftereffects (increased peak plantarflexion angle from 13.4±4.3 to 21.2±6.2°, p< 0.0001). SOL showed significant aftereffects in 18/30 participants (mean EMG increase of 19.5±17.5%, p< 0.002). On the non-resisted side, changes were only seen in SOL EMG at the beginning of resistance exposure in some participants while kinematic showed changes at the end of resistance exposure. No significant changes persisted after resistance removal. CONCLUSION: This memoir shows the feasibility of modifying push-off kinematics and EMG activation using an elastic resistance applied at the ankle while walking overground. This effect is limited to the trained leg and represents an interesting venue for gait rehabilitation in people with cerebral palsy.
Robert, Bernard. "Éthologie du comportement moteur d'enfants infirmes moteurs cérébraux (i. M. C. ) : activité physique et vie quotidienne." Paris 10, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA100182.
Full textThe aims of this present study were to asses and analyses improvements and skill acquisitions in 22 subjects (10 girls and 12 boys) with cerebral palsy (c. P. ) walking without an apparatus. This approach is ethological : the "active" subject is considered in its interaction to the environment. The skills of c. P. Subjects were studied for themselves, not in comparison to those of non cp subjects. Two groups were formed. 11 subjects with c. P. Of a "physical activity" group (pa ; 5 girls and 6 boys, 11,3 (sd 2,3) years) were compared to 11 another subjects with c. P. Of a "school life" group (sl; 5 girls and 6 boys, 10,9 (sd 1,6) years). In addition to daily activities (school and re-education), the ap group was submitted to a one hour weekly specific gymnastic training session. The two groups were tested through an original jumping obstacles road (ro). Stride length (sl) and velocity stride (vs), duration of cycles, swings, supports and double supports were measured using a video analysis and two original software at the beginning and the end of a one year period. The main findings of this study showed that motor improvements of pa were significantly higher (p < 0,05) and that the performances of the most seriously handicapped subjects of the two groups enhanced more than others. Specific pattern of lower limbs were put forward in relationship in any form of cp ("spastic", "quadriplegic", "diplegic", "hemiplegic"). Resulting from direct performances of the "active" subject, a new type of functional classification was finally proposed
Larere, Christiane. "Construction et appropriation de connaissances mathématiques par trois enfants infirmes moteurs cérébraux handicapés de la parole." Paris 5, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA05H001.
Full textThree non vocal cerebral palsied children, aged 9 to 13 have been observed during a period of four years. The approach is mainly cognitivist, developmental and constructivist. The author develops her analysis with reference to the frameworks developed by Fuson, Steffe, Greco and Vergnaud about numerical schemes. These three case-studies show with some detail how each child has developed his own numerical competences and how he has modified them when being faced with problem solving situations over a period of four years. Each subject's competences are analysed in terms of "theorems-in-action" Vergnaud, 1987). The activities analysed are rather diverse : reading and writing numbers, counting and comparising collections of objects, quantifying the order relationship, recognising parity, solving addition and subtraction problems. The personal knowledge of each subject follows an original way ; its description makes it possible to give account of the differences observed, as time goes, from one scheme to the next for each of the three children. When one goes from the context of collections to the context of time (durations, ages, positions. . . ), the functioning of the schemes for addition and subtraction problems is very coherent. Finally the part of the context and the graphic representations is analysed : diagrams tables, mathematical symbols, non verbal communication codes the didactical approach of learning the concept of number and reasonings is relevant for non vocal cerebral palsied children. Several situations in which they have to act and communicate are presented
MORCELLET, FLORENCE. "Utilisation d'un micro-ordinateur par des infirmes moteurs cerebraux (manipulation de la souris) : perspectives d'amelioration de l'accessibilite." Aix-Marseille 2, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989AIX20109.
Full textM'Lembakani, T'Hengua Félicien. "ÉVALUATION ET AMÉLIORATION DES CAPACITÉS MOTRICES D'ENFANTS INFIRMES MOTEURS CÉRÉBRAUX CONGOLAIS ÂGES DE 6 Â 15 ANS." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/264367.
Full textDoctorat en Sciences de la motricité
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Dufour, Sophie-Krystale. "Les effets immédiats d'une séance d'exercice sur certaines variables locomotrices chez des enfants ayant une déficience motrice cérébrale." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/27607.
Full textWalking-related variables are typically evaluated in children with cerebral palsy (CP) when they are rested or when they have not previously exercised. This may not necessarily reflect their walking in daily life where fatigue could be an issue. Two studies were carried out to assess immediate locomotor changes pre- versus post-exercise bout (moderate or intense) in children with mild CP. Study I (assessment of the more affected lower limb) found that the tibialis anterior (TA) median frequency (MF) significantly decreased (> 4%) following intense locomotor exercise, suggesting possible muscle fatigue. There was also a significant increase in MF in semitendinosus (ST) following intense exercise and in triceps surae (TS) following moderate exercise. Furthermore, there was a significant decrease in mean amplitude of muscle activation in the ST following moderate and intense exercise and in the TS following intense exercise. A positive association between post-exercise changes in lower leg coactivation and TA MF was also present. The ability to maintain or increase this coactivation may protect against muscle fatigue. Study II showed that lower limbs kinematic pattern stability (KPS) decreased significantly following intense exercise. This decrease was especially marked at the ankles suggesting a loss of optimal ankle movement control, possibly related to muscle fatigue. Younger children, those who are less sedentary and who do more vigorous physical activities demonstrated greater post-exercise KPS at the less affected ankle. No change was found in metabolic energy expenditure in either study. In conclusion, results found support the relevance of assessing walking-related variables during walking following exercise in this population, since exercise leads to certain changes during walking.
Lefrançois-Marsat, Martine Gardou Charles. "Le jeu de contes comme pratique pédagogique ludo-verbale sa contribution au développement de l'expression créatrice des enfants cérébrolésés /." Lyon : Université Lumière Lyon 2, 2002. http://theses.univ-lyon2.fr/sdx/theses/lyon2/2002/lefrancois_m.
Full textLefrançois-Marsat, Martine. "Le jeu de contes comme pratique pédagogique ludo-verbale : sa contribution au développement de l'expression créatrice des enfants cérébrolésés." Lyon 2, 2002. http://theses.univ-lyon2.fr/documents/lyon2/2002/lefrancois_m.
Full textThe objective of this research was to study to what extend the pedagogical, verbal practice facilitate the development of creative expression of brain damaged children, suffering from cerebral palsy. The study showed that the story game developed language abilities in the narrative creation thanks to the didactic interactions that it entailed and the use of card games it was based on. This development happened if the subjects practised the story game in co-resolving interaction. The experimentation conducted with brain damaged pupils in specialized environment in France and Quebec focused on the transfer of language learnings. As regards practices, we analysed how interindividual functionings are at the origin of new intraindividual functionings in the production of oral stories. This study brought the importance of language learnings in light, for the creative expression of handicapped pupils
Arnould, Carlyne. "Hand functioning in children with cerebral palsy / Le fonctionnement de la main chez les enfants infirmes moteurs d'origine cérébrale." Université catholique de Louvain, 2006. http://edoc.bib.ucl.ac.be:81/ETD-db/collection/available/BelnUcetd-01242006-153948/.
Full textMANAC'H, HUCHET PASCALE. "Relation vision-motricite chez les enfants infirmes moteurs cerebraux : apport de l'orthoptie dans la reeducation des troubles visuo-moteurs." Rennes 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993REN1M064.
Full textDesailly, Eric Lacouture Patrick Sardain Philippe. "Analyse biomécanique 3D de la marche de l'enfant déficient moteur modélisation segmentaire et modélisation musculo-squelettique /." Poitiers : I-Médias, 2008. http://08.edel.univ-poitiers.fr/theses/index.php?id=1995.
Full textDesailly, Eric. "Analyse biomécanique 3D de la marche de l'enfant déficient moteur : modélisation segmentaire et modélisation musculo-squelettique." Poitiers, 2008. http://theses.edel.univ-poitiers.fr/theses/2008/Desailly-Eric/2008-Desailly-Eric-These.pdf.
Full textClinical gait analysis aims to improve the diagnosis and evaluate treatments for patients with locomotion disorders. The purpose of this thesis is to evaluate and develop biomechanical models in order to assess, at best, the reality of the gait of cerebral palsy children. Modelling is initially undertaken at a segmentary scale. An automatic foot contact event detection method is validated. The issues of determining the joint centres and the kinematics of the trunk are discussed and a method of iterative solidification is proposed. Inverse dynamic calculations complete this segmental modelling. This work is implemented in the software 3DGait whose application is illustrated by a clinical case. Musculoskeletal modelling extends this work. The geometric model and its personalization solutions are presented including an original algorithm for determining the muscles paths. Two applications, surgical and clinical, illustrate this model. Finally, muscle forces are calculated allowing evaluation of the sensitivity of the dynamic model developed to changes in the geometric model. The latter requires some improvements in models used to hone their clinical application. More importantly, they open up broad prospects for optimization of surgical correction, of which they demonstrated the feasibility
Rafidison-Barre, Hantamalala André Jean-Marie. "EFFETS DU TRAITEMENT DE L'EQUINISME PAR TOXINE BOTULIQUE DE TYPE A ET PLATRES PROGRESSIFS CHEZ DES ENFANTS INFIRMES MOTEURS CEREBRAUX DIPLEGIQUES." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2001. http://www.scd.uhp-nancy.fr/docnum/SCDMED_T_2001_RAFIDISON_BARRE_HANTAMALALA.pdf.
Full textLAUREANA, MARIE-CLAUDE. "Contribution a l'etude de la croissance staturo-ponderale dans une population d'enfants infirmes moteurs d'origine cerebrale : a propos de 97 cas." Aix-Marseille 2, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990AIX20093.
Full textPoirot-Hodgkinson, Isabelle. "Excentration de hanche chez l'infirme moteur-cérébral : étude transversale d'une population de 234 adultes non marchants : hypothèses sur les déterminants de la douleur." Saint-Etienne, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001STET005T.
Full textAssi, Ayman. "Analyse biomécanique des membres inférieurs chez l'enfant infirme moteur cérébral." Phd thesis, Paris, ENSAM, 2008. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00004016.
Full textSaltiel, Horovicz Suzanne. "Attentes et représentations des parents des enfants infirmes moteurs cérébraux face à l'école, à partir de la réalisation d'une école spécialisée en Israël." Paris 5, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA05H077.
Full textThe research analyses expectations and representations of school by parents of children with cerebral palsy. It is based on the realization of the first institution for children with C. P. In Israel. The changes of approaching the handicap during the last century have been considered, as well as the parent-child and the parent-professional relationship. The aggressive behavior of the parents is due to narcissism and grieving about the "ideal child" expected before his birth, but they are also involved in activities for the handicapped. The clinical analysis is based on interviews with four groups, each one of seven persons, (parents of senior pupils, of teenagers, of young children and members of the staff. ) it shows an ambivalence of survalorisation and critics of school which ought to repair, to compensate, to normalize and to de-dramatize the handicap. School is the child's "second home" or a "hothouse", it is an omnipresent and omnipotent "alma mater" nourishing mother), it supports the parent and protects him against his fear of the future and of death
De, Cock Michel. "Etude théorique et clinico-expérimentale des relations entre le développement postural et les activités visuelles et visuo-perceptives chez des enfants infirmes moteurs cérébraux." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/212630.
Full textImbeault, Shirley. "Comparaison des habiletés verbales et non verbales chez des enfants atteints de paralysie cérébrale hémiplégique-droite ou gauche d'origine pré- et périnatale." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/46549.
Full textBégin, Geneviève. "La qualité de l'intégration sociale en classe régulière des enfants déficients moteurs cérébraux." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/44485.
Full textNsenga, Leunkeu Angeline. "Évaluation des adaptations biomécaniques, cardiorespiratoires et neuromusculaires à l’effort chez les enfants infirmes moteurs cérébraux dans le cadre de la rééducation en vue de l’optimisation thérapeutique." Amiens, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007AMIE0027.
Full textThe aim of this thesis is to assess Biomecanic (spatio-temporal and baropodometric parameters) and physiology (cardiorespiratory and neuromuscular parameters) responses to the effort in cerebral palsy children (CP) in comparison to the healthy control children and to follow their consecutive adaptation to a training program. During biomecanic investigations, means values of gait cycle parameters (speed, step length, step frequency, impulse, time of contact, step duration, time of double support) and plantar pression peaks were measured. During the cardiorespiratory studies, maximal values of respiratory gas exchanges (VO2, VE, FC) were measured as index of aerobic performance. These same variables were also measured during isometric test. Likewise, the 6 minutes walking test allowing the estimation of the aerobic capacity has been studied and validated for this CP children population with the Cosmed K4b2 gas analyzer. To assess muscular responses, the maximal voluntary isometric force (MVIF) and the isometric endurance time (IET) were measured for the quadriceps muscle (vastus lateralis and rectus femoris) on Cybex (Norm II) apparatus. The muscular fatigue has been determined by the maintaining time of an isometric exercise corresponding to an intensity of 50% MVIF. Parallely, a qualitative analyze of electromyographic signal (Root Mean Square and Median Frequency) was realized for vastus lateralis and rectus femoris muscles. To study training effect, cardiorespiratory adaptations of individualized aerobic training protocol were measured
Arp, Sandrine. "Le subitizing chez l'enfant IMC : approche différentielle et développementale." Paris 5, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA05H007.
Full textThe factors likely to influence the emergence and the development of subitizing were analyzed, by testing a group of cerebral palsied (CP) children. The first study evaluates the CP children's subitizing limit, and its link with motor ability implied in the counting process. The second study compares subitizing, pattern recognition, and visuo-spatial abilities. Finally, a third study examines the effect of reversing the figure/background on subitizing limit. Most CP children have a lower subitizing limit than control children of the same age. However, subitizing limit improves with age in both groups, whatever the reversing of figure/background. CP children's subitizing limit appears to be delayed by visuo-spatial deficiency. It is likely that this deficiency does not allow a normal recognizing and memorizing of visual patterns. These results are congruent with the pattern recognition models of subitizing, and suggest that visuo-spatial routines are necessary to memorize these patterns
MASSICOT, RICHARD. "Traitement chirurgical du bavage par derivation posterieure des conduits parotidiens et resection segmentaire distale des conduits sous-mandibulaires chez 20 enfants infirmes moteurs cerebraux : evaluation de la technique operatoire." Rennes 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993REN1M117.
Full textKoral, Jérôme. "Distribution de l'acivité musculaire dans les mouvements pluriarticulaires : une approche du concept de configuration de référence productrice d'actions." Caen, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005CAEN2055.
Full textViehweger, Heide Elke. "Optimisation de l'évaluation globale de l'enfant atteint de paralysie cérébrale à potentiel de marche : intégration de la qualité de vie liée à la santé et des capacités et performances dans le domaine de la vie quotidienne." Aix-Marseille 2, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007AIX20704.
Full textTreatment in cerebral palsy (CP) children is now multidisciplinary. Outcome objectives for orthopaedic surgeons changed and are now to improve the patient’s functional status. But how to evaluate the outcome ? Was patient’s daily life improved ? In a first theoretical part the components of a global outcome assessment in CP patients were reviewed, existing methods identified and detected tools and knowledge were supplemented. In a second part two projects were presented based on the principles of global assessment : - the first project to apply the acquired knowledge in terms of conceptualisation, realisation and analysis of a multicenter project, - the second to create and study preliminarily a new tool to evaluate daily life capacities and performances in CP patients
Vermandel, Sébastien. "Accès aux systèmes d'information pour les handicapés moteurs grâce à la commande par le regard." Compiègne, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001COMP1371.
Full textVoyer, Anne-Pier. "La compétence sociale des enfants et des adolescents atteints de déficience motrice cérébrale." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/26882.
Full textChildren with cerebral palsy (CP) included in mainstream school experience more social competence difficulties than other children. Based on the socio-cognitive integration of abilities (SOCIAL) model (Beauchamp & Anderson, 2010), two issues are addressed in order to understand these difficulties. In a first article, attribution of intentions (AI) is measured with the Home Interview with Child (HIWC), a questionnaire presenting fictive ambiguous social situations. The results show that social status, more than birth status, is associated with the hostility of AI at 15 years old. Rejected and popular children tended to make more hostile AI than sociometric average children. It is proposed that social status score is an important mediator to consider for the development of a hostile AI bias in children with CP. In a second article, social dominance (i.e., a form of leadership) is evaluated in the context of a problem-solving. Behaviours related to social dominance (prosocial and coercive behaviours) were coded using a grid validated specifically for this study. Results showed that regardless of social status, children with CP did less prosocial and coercive behaviours than controls without CP. Furthermore, less prosocial and coercive behaviours were observed in their teams compare to teams composed of two controls. The lower social competence in children with CP could be partly explained by their reduced social dominance behaviour in activities requiring speed and fluidity as an expression of executive functions. Finally, the two articles presented in this thesis explore new avenues to understand and support the development of social competence in children and adolescents with CP. The interventions should take place early in the development of these children and should extend beyond motor skills. Interventions should target social skills before clear signals already compromise the overall social experience of children with CP into mainstream schooling.
Bernatchez, Marie-Claire. "Élaboration et analyse des retombées d'un programme basé sur l'occupation, auprès d'enfants avec une déficience motrice cérébrale." Thesis, Université Laval, 2007. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2007/24881/24881.pdf.
Full textZabalia, Marc. "Rotation d'images mentales étude comparative d'enfants IMC et d'enfants valides scolarisés." Rouen, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996ROUEL253.
Full textThe study deals with the possibility of improving functional features of spatial processing abilities among cerebral palsied children by means of exercices that encourage perceptual processing of spatial situations which imply mental rotations. Secondly, if there are two processing systems, analogical and propositional, in mental imagery, the research examines the possibility to evocate the processing modes and the conditions of their appearance according to specific situations. Finally, the study focuses on relations between the mental rotations abilities of cerebral palsied children and attentional processes. The investigations of mental rotation processes show that cerebral palsied children used an analogical processing mode. It appears that there are many signs of an attentional dysfunction which expresses itself by a cognitive and motor inhibition deficit. It can be responsible for difficulties to bring about propositional processing. Findings are interpreted as the expression of a cognitive "local" functioning which account for originalities observed in spatial processing by cerebral palsied children. The cognitive "local" functioning emerges in difficulties to generate representation in a "computable" space. The hypothesis of the existence or co-existence of two representational modes is discussed as a synthesis of piagetian structuralism data and theories of information processing perspectives
Déry, François. "Être homme, infirmier et heureux : les stratégies de vingt infirmiers en centre hospitalier pour composer avec la souffrance au travail." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/31153.
Full textFor several decades, the Quebec healthcare system has been confronted with major structural and economic transformations. These transformations have significant social impacts on health system staff, such as repeated job changes, shift work, job insecurity, and sometimes job loss. Possible psychological impacts include an increase of occupational stress. Occupational stress, or work suffering, of male nurses working in hospitals in Quebec is the central element studied in this thesis. Males remains a small minority in the nursing workforce, which may represent a source of stress in the workplace. Overall, sources of pleasure and suffering, ways to cope with suffering at work and male gender are the main concepts examined in this research. To access this information, semi-directed interviews were conducted with 20 male nurses from different hospitals in Quebec. The transcriptions were analyzed with the QDA Miner software, using Dejours'(1993) work psychodynamics theory. To complete the analysis of effective solutions against suffering at work as well as the role of gender, Antonovsky's (1979) theory of salutogenesis and Butler's (199) theory of performativity have been added to the theoretical framework. The results of the analysis show that the notion of care is central to the sources of pleasure for the respondents, precisely the ability to help and make a difference in the lives of patients. On the contrary, the economic and political situation of the management of the health network appears as one of the most stressful elements for the respondents, the latter having far-reaching impacts on daily work. Also, teamwork has a shared role, being both a source of pleasure and a source of potential suffering. Then, the most common solutions used by nurses to cope with suffering at work are sport, recreation, social support and reorganization of work tasks. Finally, regarding the role of the male gender in the dynamics of work-related suffering, the answers of the respondents indicated that the concept of being a man is very diversified. Some similar elements in the answers relate to the practice of nursing, which would be more pragmatic and solution-oriented when practiced by a man. The respondents, by their answers, show that, on the one hand, the clientele sees the entry of men as a good thing for the nursing profession, and on the other hand, that the expectations of the female colleagues and employer on the role that must occupy a male nurse remains strongly anchored in the traditional image of a man for these two actors. According to these findings, an urgent need remains in the employer's openness to collaborate with their employees in the search and the practical application of solutions to cope with the suffering at work.
Lamontagne, Franck. "Les accidents exposant au sang chez le personnel infirmier : evolution du risque et impact des mesures preventives. resultats d'une enquete multicentrique." Paris 5, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA05N082.
Full textFlamand, Véronique. "Plasticité cérébrale et fonction motrice chez des enfants avec déficience motrice cérébrale et des adultes avec accident vasculaire cérébral : influence des stimulations magnétiques répétitives périphériques." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/26368.
Full textEspinoza, Orcaistegui Paula. "Infirmus: I Love La Paz." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2005. http://www.repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/110250.
Full textDéotte señala que no hay sociedad sin colección de fragmentos y sin un lugar que los albergue: suspensión de objetos, huellas (no están ni ausentes ni presentes) de una arqueología del saber (en el sentido de Foucault, precisará). El fragmento se convierte en enciclopedia que responde (retrata) a una época. El coleccionista no se conforma con mirar, necesita tocar la materia (es la creación de la necesidad de poseer)
Daher, Ismail. "Etude neurochimique et comportementale des effets neuroprotecteurs du MgSO4 à court et long termes dans deux modèles de lésion cérébrale périnatale chez la souris mâle et femelle." Rouen, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016ROUES039.
Full textPrematurity is responsible for neonatal mortality and morbidity. Premature infants are at risk of developing cerebral palsy (CP), characterized by motor and cognitive deficits lasting until adulthood. Hypoxia-ischemia, inflammation and male gender have been identified as CP risk factors. Magnesium sulfate (MgSO4) have been proposed as neuroprotective agent to improve infants sensorimotor and cognitive outcomes. Despite the reduction of CP prevalence by 33 %, MgSO4 use in clinic remains not systematic, notably in France, since its long term proper effects and its actions mechanisms are not well-known. Our work consisted in improving the knowledge of MgSO4 actions and effects. In order to evaluate MgSO4 (600 mg/kg) preventive actions mechanisms and its potential proper effects, two mouse models of cerebral neonatal lesion at 5 days (P5) have been used. We showed that the excitotoxic model (IBO), as the hypoxic-ischemic model (HI), have induced sensorimotor deficits in pups in both sexes, as motor and cognitive deficits in adult mice, more pronounced in male mice in the IBO model. In the latter, MgSO4 administration prevented at short and long term sensorimotor and cognitive alterations, as well as glutamatergic and GABAergic neurotransmissions systems alterations. In the HI model, which causes more severe lesions, cognitive deficits have not been prevented by MgSO4. We also showed that MgSO4 induced neuroprotection is multifactorial, as MgSO4 reduced glutamatergic neurotransmission and apoptosis. Work in progress in the HI model indicates that MgSO4 may decrease inflammatory process, in a sex dependant manner. MgSO4 pre-treatment did not induce deleterious secondary effects in the measured parameters in our study
Routhier, Marie-Ève. "Flexibilité cognitive et ajustement social chez les enfants atteints de déficience motrice cérébrale." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/44906.
Full textGérinier, Sage Joële. "Le corps infirmier dans l'hôpital : analyse du contexte et de la réception de la loi hospitalière du 31 juillet 1991." Paris 8, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA083631.
Full textNazon, Evy A. "Analyse de discours de la construction du savoir infirmier au Québec, 1898-1970." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/35960.
Full textHervois, Pauline. "Du non-sens de recenser les insensés : fabriquer le chiffre de l'infirmité, en France, au XIXe siècle." Thesis, Paris 1, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PA01H089.
Full textThe enumeration of the infirm in France in the 19th century had several objectives: to map their geographical distribution, in order to better understand the causes of these disabilities and to provide suitable facilities (asylums, educational institutions), but also to track trends in view to potentially control and decrease the size of this group. This study addresses the quantification of disability through two data sources: the five-year censuses (1851-1876) and the reports of army recruitment (published from 1818 onwards).We study how these figures were constructed, from their initial implementation until they started being challenged. To do so, we also explore the place of the disabled in society, and the role of the State in their care. We deal with the interactions between scientists (gathered in learned societies or in conferences to share their research) and various governance bodies (mayors, prefects, ministries). The former studied this population for scientific reasons, while the latter for administrative purposes. Comparing these divergent interests highlights however a common anxiety: that they were observing a degeneration of the population. Because of the regularity of data outputs, time trends, which until then had not been available, could now be constructed. Statisticians and doctors could therefore use these new statistical figures to demonstrate the exaggeration of these fears
Croteau, Pascale. "Le fonctionnement cognitif des enfants atteints de déficience motrice cérébrale hémiplégique, âgés de 5 à 8 ans." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/43312.
Full textPierret, Jonathan. "Troubles associés de la locomotion et du contrôle postural des segments axiaux chez les enfants atteints de paralysie cérébrale : impact d’une rééducation centrée sur le tronc." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LORR0079.
Full textThe axial segments play an important role in balance control during posturokinetic activities. In children, they are the first reference point around which gait develops. Therefore, an atypical development of postural control of the trunk and the head could adversely affect gait. In children with cerebral palsy (CP), toe-walking defined as the absence of a first pivot associated with flat foot strike is common. While this behavior has often been considered to result from spasticity of the plantar flexors, recent work questions this pathophysiology and opens the way to the search for a more functional causality. Children with CP show greater instability of the axial segments in orthostatic posture and when walking. Toe-walking could then be a form of motor adaptation to compensate for deficient axial control. The first objective of this thesis was to identify axial control disorders in children with CP aged 6 to 12 years after characterizing their typical development (TD) at the same age. By using an unstable sitting position with neutralization of the contribution of the lower and upper limbs in postural control, study 1 shows in TD children an improvement in axial stabilization between the ages of 6 and 12, highlighting the progressive development of axial segments’ control between these ages and its contribution to orthostatic balance. The same method coupled with a functional assessment of the trunk shows in study 2 a deficit in stabilization and functional use of the axial segments in 17 children with CP compared to 17 age-matched TD children – deficits associated with greater standing oscillation. The second objective was to establish functional links between toe-walking and deficient control of the axial segments and to propose to improve gait through a trunk-focused rehabilitation. Study 3 shows that children with CP adapt to wearing negative heel shoes by dorsiflexion allowing the shoes to be placed flat on the ground, while maintaining the same dorsiflexion braking as barefoot during the weight-acceptance (WA) phase, confirming the functional aspect of this braking. Study 4 confirms that this braking is linked with trunk’s forward deceleration and sacrum’s downward deceleration, to compensate for deficits in axial control. We then show that a trunk-focused rehabilitation (TFR) improves control of the axial segments as well as locomotor balance with a decrease in dorsiflexion and trunk braking during the WA phase after a TFR period of 3 months
Dessureault, Maude. "Analyse politique de l'implantation éventuelle d'une clinique infirmière autogérée en soins de première ligne au Québec." Thesis, Université Laval, 2009. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2009/26017/26017.pdf.
Full textPettini, Jacqueline. "La formation des infirmiers du travail." Bordeaux 2, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991BOR2M077.
Full textRezgui, Taysir. "Musculoskeletal modeling of cerebral palsy children." Compiègne, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012COMP1991.
Full textThe analysis of pathological gait using musculoskeletal modeling is a promising approach to qualify and quantify the pathology as well as to monitor the potential recovery after therapy. When dealing with cerebral palsy, its specific neurological disorders and consequently bones deformities, specific-subject musculoskeletal models has been developed. The imaging techniques are still unaffordable in clinical practises. So, using the LifeMod software, we aimed to develop musculoskeletal model in a retrospective study to evaluate the accuracy of surgical treatments on cerebral palsy. Two principles studies are performed. First, relying on the accuracy of a rescaled generic adult skeleton, the musculoskeletal modeling limitation have been determined when applying normal gait and pathological crouch and jump postures, imitated by healthy adults and children. Second, calibration technique had been developed to refine the model’s parameters based on data collectid from the subject. Results from musculoskeletal modeling are compared to gait analysis date. As results, even if the model outputs gave correct results with healthy adults, the standard rescaled musculoskeletal modeling showed limits on predicted kinematics and muscle forces for healthy and CP children. The refinement of subject-specific joint parameters and driving the model with the experimental GRF data have a huge influence in model outputs and improve quantitatively the predicted muscle activations and forces. This work pointed out that the parameters of a rescaled generic musculoskeletal moded can be refined and personalized to improve model’s outcomes. It may represent a new perspective in clinical applications
Boulard, Clément. "Caractérisation des propriétés passives des muscles fléchisseurs plantaires chez l’enfant Paralysé Cérébral spastique : Application aux étirements musculo-tendineux." Thesis, Lyon, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LYSES011.
Full textThe first purpose of this work was to better understand the concept of “musculo-tendinous and muscle stiffness” in children with spastic cerebral palsy (CP). Plantarflexors muscles, especially the gastrocnemius muscle, classically impaired in children with CP, were studied thorough a narrative review and four original studies in children with unilateral CP (UCP).The term “stiffness” consists of mechanical resistance to passive movement in the absence of any muscle activation. (i.e. Δ Torque/Δangle) and differs from muscle shortening. Both increased stiffness and shortening are present early in childhood in the plantarflexor muscles of children with spastic CP. However, while both phenomena were not equivalent, the ambiguous use of the term ‘stiffness’ has been supported by discrepancies in available results, influenced by heterogeneity in materials, methodologies and characteristics of the participants among studies.Reliable measurement of musculo-tendinous stiffness in children with UCP may be recorded using the dynamometric method (i.e. torque-angle curve method). However, the values depend of the method of analysis. Unlike this dynamometric method, Shear Wave Elastography (SWE) is an innovative method, providing a quantitative and real time measure of a passive muscle tension. Nonetheless, reliability of dynamic SWE measurement were not reported in the literature and values may be interpreted with caution.Using both methods, we reported an increase of the passive stiffness of the musculo-tendinous unit of the plantarflexors muscles and of the gastrocnemius medialis, related to the significant decrease of the maximal dorsiflexion angle in the paretic leg compare to the non paretic one. This result may be related to the impaired morphological properties on the paretic leg (i.e. gastrocnemius muscle shortening, Achilles tendon lengthening) rather than change of the mechanical properties (i.e. stiffness). Maximal dorsiflexion angle gain may be achieved after a high intensity and long duration acute stretching session of plantarflexors muscles in the paretic leg. This result may be interpreted as an increase of stretch tolerance rather than change of mechanical properties.We believe that monitoring morphological properties (i.e. muscle and tendon length) as well as mechanical properties (i.e. stiffness measurement) during growth of children with spastic CP may lead to achieve new knowledge related to musculo-tendinous development and to better assess treatment effects
Poisson, Michel. "L'école Internationale d'Enseignement Infirmier Supérieur (Lyon, 1965-1995) : fabrique d'une élite et creuset pour l'émancipation des infirmières françaises du XXe siècle." Thesis, Normandie, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018NORMLH20/document.
Full textIn 1960, after 40 years of vocational development, the French nurses were endowed with an original model of occupation strongly structured demonstrating that their qualification had undeniably gained in thickness. The Great War and its repercussions had furthered the penetration of the Anglo-American professional prototype in France. Even if this influence was limited, in 1960 the French model was comparable in numerous points to the historical English model and its American successor. On the other hand, the French nurses knew nothing about their colleagues’ career prospects and the way to University, which was unthinkable at the time. In 1965, the creation of the EIEIS in Lyon, gave to a small number of them this opportunity and established a tremendous occasion for the development of the nursing profession in France. The very active elite turned out thanks to this institution managed to change opinions about nursing profession among doctors, hospitals’ managers, academic people and public authorities. It also conduced to change French nurses’ practices and relationship to the world. Nurses even invented an original movement of protest at the end of 1980s. Finally, this School laid the foundations for an academic development of nursing in France. Though it was unrivalled in the country, it closed in 1995, due to the lack of necessary means to preserve its activity. “New public management”, more and more present in hospitals, promoted the rationalization of organizations and a strictly accounting management rather than an academic development of nursing in France
Galarraga, Castillo Omar Antonio. "Simulation of surgery effect on cerebral palsy gait by supervised machine learning." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017SACLE006/document.
Full textCerebral Palsy frequently leads to gait troubles. After a physical examination and a Clinical Gait Analysis (CGA), these walking troubles are usually treated by orthopedic surgery, called single event multi-level surgery (SEMLS), in which several surgical corrections are simultaneously done at different levels of the lower limbs. Kinematic improvements obtained by this treatment are sometimes very efficient, but at this moment they remain difficultly predictable. The objective of this thesis is to simulate the effect of surgery on gait parameters, using supervised statisticalmachine learning. The purpose of the simulator is to show the most likely gait outcome in order to improve decision-making in SEMLS. The database was composed of 134 children with cerebral palsy that have undergone surgery and have had at least one CGA before and after the treatment. Gait signals were preprocessed and physical examination missing data were imputed. Features of the preprocessed data were extracted using different techniques such ascurve fitting, variable selection and dimensionality reduction. Then regressions were performed utilizing different methods such as multiple linear regression, feedforward neural networks and ensemble learning. The tested methods and their performances were compared between them andto other methods in the literature. This work represents the first time that the effect of surgery on cerebral palsy gait is quantitatively simulated for a large number of surgical combinations and numerous different gait patterns
Bossé, Simonne. "Intégration des notions d’informatique appliquées aux soins infirmiers dans le Programme collégial québécois de Soins infirmiers." Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/10898.
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