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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Inflection'
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Taghipour, Sahar. "LAKI VERBAL INFLECTION." UKnowledge, 2017. https://uknowledge.uky.edu/ltt_etds/22.
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This thesis mainly examines inflectional morphology of verbal paradigms in Laki, which is considered as one of the Southern varieties of Kurdish language. The association of form and content of morphological markings are viewed from a realizational angle, in which exponents (morphological forms) are associated with the morphosyntactic properties via the application of rules of exponence, appealed by paradigm functions (Stump 2001) and ordered into rule blocks (Anderson 1992). In particular, I applied the paradigm linkage theory proposed and fully developed by Stump (2002 and 2016) to account for Laki verbal paradigms. In this study, it is claimed that alignment pattern and the syntagmatic combination of some of the inflectional exponents such as agreement markers are sensitive to preterite property. Hence, I argue in favor of considering two distinct morphotactic patternings in Laki. As the result of this assumption, depending on whether the inflectional markers attach to a preterite or a non-preterite stem, we should define two separate sets of affix position in this language. Moreover, I examine Laki polyfunctional agreement markers through the consideration of the morphotactics of this language. Applying Stump's analysis (to appear) of Swahili verbal concords, I consider two distinct types of content for these agreement markers: intrinsic content, and positional content. Their positional content is what the morphotactics of the language determines.
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Aldridge, M. "The acquisition of the inflection system." Thesis, Bangor University, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.383160.
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Yamaguchi, Gualda Dantas Fernando Augusto Marinho de França. "Subtleties of inflection and musical noesis." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 2012. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.580105.
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Assessment of music performance, be it unconscious or intentional, is inherent to the musical experience and serves professional, pedagogical, and artistic purposes. This thesis focuses on advancing current understanding about the processes that underlie aural assessment of music performance. Issues regarding the origin, nature, ubiquity, validity, and inexorability of aural assessment are discussed. Expert musicians' personal approaches to aural assessment of music performance are surveyed and categorised. The cognitive approach comprises the Niobe Experiment, which included a listening task designed to collect listeners' comments, marks, and selections of preferred samples, within an ecological setting. The computational approach is a set of feature vectors estimated from audio samples of recordings of Niobe's theme. Frequencies of comments and marks were combined with feature vectors to produce the Augmented Aural Assessment paradigm, which is shown to be more consistent in identifying samples by the same 'performers than either the computational or the cognitive approaches.
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Bobaljik, Jonathan David. "Morphosyntax : the syntax of verbal inflection." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/11351.
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Kuh, Hakan. "Correlation between inflection and word order /." The Ohio State University, 1990. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487676847117476.
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Botts, Carsten, Wolfgang Hörmann, and Josef Leydold. "Transformed Density Rejection with Inflection Points." WU Vienna University of Economics and Business, 2011. http://epub.wu.ac.at/3158/2/README.
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The acceptance-rejection algorithm is often used to sample from non-standard distributions. For this algorithm to be efficient, however, the user has to create a hat function that majorizes and closely matches the density of the distribution to be sampled from. There are many methods for automatically creating such hat functions, but these methods require that the user transforms the density so that she knows the exact location of the transformed density's inflection points. In this paper, we propose an acceptancerejection algorithm which obviates this need and can thus be used to sample from a larger class of distributions.Series: Research Report Series / Department of Statistics and Mathematics
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Klafehn, Terry. "Emergent properties of Japanese verbal inflection." Thesis, University of Hawaii at Manoa, 2003. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?index=0&did=764748141&SrchMode=2&sid=5&Fmt=2&VInst=PROD&VType=PQD&RQT=309&VName=PQD&TS=1233177022&clientId=23440.
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Kareem, Rabeen Abdullah. "The syntax of verbal inflection in Central Kurdish." Thesis, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10443/3190.
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This thesis examines the syntactic structure of clauses in Central Kurdish, focusing specifically on the syntax of verbs and verbal categories including tense, aspect, agreement, argument structure and their interplay with various verb types. It thus provides the first account to a number of syntactic phenomena in the language, which has not been subject to much detailed investigation before. In analysing the phrase structure for the language, a number of proposals concerning the derivation of affixes are reviewed. Within the current theory of syntax, suffixation of morphemes to lexical heads is derived via head movement, considering strict locality and the Linear Correspondence Axiom (Kayne 1994), while prefixation is not derived by movement. Although such theory has a strong support from typological investigation (Julien 2002), it does not account for a language which has both prefixation and suffixation. Central Kurdish thus poses a serious challenge since inflected verbs are formed via both suffixation and prefixation. It is argued, however, that the difference in morpho-phonological properties between prefixes and suffixes brings about the difference in their method of derivation. This in turn accounts for much of the derivation of basic clause structure in the language. A distinguishing characteristic of the syntax of Central Kurdish is related to its agreement pattern. The thesis argues that the tense-based split ergativity in the language is best accounted for by a theory in which case can be assigned by agreement. Although there is no morphological realization of case in Central Kurdish, the agreement-driven approach adopted in this study accounts for the agreement morphemes and the pronominal clitics found within the verbal complex of the language. The difference in the nature of ‘present’ and ‘past’ verb stems is responsible for the difference in the clausal structure of past and present tense, which is clearly reflected in the crossed agreement (split-ergative) pattern. This study also accounts for the syntax of complex predicates in Central Kurdish in which light verbs are highly productive in their formulation. Any syntactic account of verbal inflections and agreement pattern is thus not complete if it cannot be applied to these complex predicates. It is shown that the composite of light verb plus the non-verbal element is responsible for the argument structure of the whole predicate. The analysis of the non-verbal elements, which have special characteristics, confirms the analysis proposed throughout the study, especially with regard to the account suggested for the split-ergative agreement of the language.
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Collier, Scott James. "The evolution of complexity in Greek noun inflection." Thesis, University of Surrey, 2013. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.590655.
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This thesis investigates the diachrony of inflection classes, with a particular focus on which notions of morphological complexity can be relevant as motivating factors for change in the structure of inflectional systems. The inflection of nouns in Greek is taken as a case study, offering 2,500 years of relatively well-recorded development. The changes directly affecting the inflectional marking of nouns from the (reconstructed) Proto-Indo-European origins of the language through to Modem Standard Greek are examined, together with the shifting relationship between inflection class and gender across this period. To address these issues, the evolution of the Greek noun system is modelled within the framework of Network Morphology, and quantitative metrics of complexity, including both information-entropy- and principal-parts-based approaches, are applied to various stages of the language's history. This thesis demonstrates that, while complexity does play a role in many instances of "internally-motivated" morphological change, such change cannot be ascribed to a single unified notion of morphological complexity, but there are in fact multiple different types of complexity which can affect inflectional systems in different ways, sometimes in conflict with one another.
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Brandt-Kobele, Oda-Christina. "Comprehension of verb inflection in German-speaking children." Phd thesis, Universität Potsdam, 2014. http://opus.kobv.de/ubp/volltexte/2014/6204/.
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Previous studies on the acquisition of verb inflection in normally developing children have revealed an astonishing pattern: children use correctly inflected verbs in their own speech but fail to make use of verb inflections when comprehending sentences uttered by others. Thus, a three-year old might well be able to say something like ‘The cat sleeps on the bed’, but fails to understand that the same sentence, when uttered by another person, refers to only one sleeping cat but not more than one.
The previous studies that have examined children's comprehension of verb inflections have employed a variant of a picture selection task in which the child was asked to explicitly indicate (via pointing) what semantic meaning she had inferred from the test sentence. Recent research on other linguistic structures, such as pronouns or focus particles, has indicated that earlier comprehension abilities can be found when methods are used that do not require an explicit reaction, like preferential looking tasks. This dissertation aimed to examine whether children are truly not able to understand the connection the the verb form and the meaning of the sentence subject until the age of five years or whether earlier comprehension can be found when a different measure, preferential looking, is used. Additionally, children's processing of subject-verb agreement violations was examined.
The three experiments of this thesis that examined children's comprehension of verb inflections revealed the following: German-speaking three- to four-year old children looked more to a picture showing one actor when hearing a sentence with a singular inflected verb but only when their eye gaze was tracked and they did not have to perform a picture selection task. When they were asked to point to the matching picture, they performed at chance-level. This pattern indicates asymmetries in children's language performance even within the receptive modality. The fourth experiment examined sensitivity to subject-verb agreement violations and did not reveal evidence for sensitivity toward agreement violations in three- and four-year old children, but only found that children's looking patterns were influenced by the grammatical violations at the age of five.
The results from these experiments are discussed in relation to the existence of a production-comprehension asymmetry in the use of verb inflections and children's underlying grammatical knowledge.Experimentelle Studien zum Erwerb der Verbflexion bei sprachunauffälligen Kindern haben ein überraschendes Muster aufgezeigt. Kinder im Alter von drei und vier Jahren verwenden Verbflexionsendungen anscheinend korrekt in ihrer eigenen Sprachproduktion, aber sie scheinen unfähig zu sein, Verbflexionen in den Äußerungen anderer zu verstehen. Ein Kind ist also problemlos in der Lage “Sie schläft auf dem Bett.” zu sagen, wenn es die Position von z. B. einer Katze beschreiben möchte. Gleichzeitig scheint es nicht zu verstehen, dass sich ein Satz wie “Sie schläft auf dem Bett” auf nur eine schlafende Katze und nicht mehrere bezieht. Das Verständnis von Sätzen, in denen der einzige Hinweis auf die Anzahl der Handelnden (den Numerus des Subjekts) die Verbflexion ist, wurde bislang nur mit ‘Zeige-Experimenten’ untersucht. In solchen Sprachtests soll das Kind durch eine Zeigegeste auf eines von zwei vorgegebenen Bildern explizit anzeigen wie es den vorgegebenen Satz verstanden hat. Aktuelle Studien, die das Verständnis von sprachlichen Elementen wie Pronomen und Fokuspartikeln bei Kindern untersucht haben, lassen erkennen, dass die Testmethodik einen erheblichen Einfluss auf die kindlichen Sprachverständnisfähigkeiten zu haben scheint. Wenn man Methoden verwendet, die keine explizite Reaktion von Seiten der Kinder verlangen, findet man korrektes Verständnis schon bei jüngeren Kindern. Das Ziel dieser Dissertation war es zu untersuchen, ob drei- und vierjährige Kinder tatsächlich nicht in der Lage sind die Beziehung zwischen Verbform (Art der Verbflexion) und Subjektbedeutung (Numerus des Subjekts) zu verstehen oder ob man korrektes Sprachverständnis in jüngeren Populationen finden kann, wenn eine alternative Testmethode, die Messung der Augenbewegungen, verwendet wird. Zusätzlich wurde untersucht ob Kinder im gleichen Alter Verletzungen der Subjekt-Verb-Kongruenz in auditiv präsentierten Sätzen entdecken. Drei Experimente dieser Dissertation, die das kindliche Sprachverständnis in Bezug auf Verbflexion untersucht haben bringen folgendes Muster zum Vorschein: Deutsch-sprachige Kinder im Alter von drei bis vier Jahren schauten mehr zu einem Bild, auf dem nur ein Akteur zu sehen war, wenn sie einen Satz mit einem singular flektierten Verb hörten (Sie streichelt eine Katze). Andererseits schauten sie mehr zu einem Bild, auf dem zwei Akteure zu sehen waren, wenn sie einen Satz mit einem plural flektierten Verb hörten (Sie streicheln eine Katze). Wenn sie hingegen gebeten wurden, auf das korrekte Bild zu zeigen, reagierten sie nicht besser als es der Zufall erwartet hätte, d.h.~sie waren nicht in der Lage einen Satz einem entsprechenden Bild zuzuordnen. Dieses Ergebnismuster deutet auf die Existenz von (methoden-abhängigen) Asymmetrien innerhalb einer sprachlichen Modalität, dem Sprach-verständnis, hin. Das vierte Experiment untersuchte die kindliche Sensitivität gegenüber der Verletzung von Subjekt-Verb-Kongruenz. Hier zeigte sich, dass das Blickverhalten von fünfjährigen Kindern von der Grammatikalität der Testsätze beeinflusst war, während keine Evidenz für das Erkennen von Grammatikalitätsverletzungen bei jüngeren Kindern gefunden werden konnte. Das asymmetrische Performanzmuster innerhalb der rezeptiven Modalität, das in dieser Arbeit gefunden wurde, erlaubt Rückschlüsse auf die Annahme einer Produktions-Verständnis-Aymmetrie und somit auch auf Theorien zur grammatischen Entwicklung bei Kindern.
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Ukiah, Nicholas John. "Stress in modern Russian inflection : patterns and variation." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 1996. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1317632/.
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This thesis examines the patterns of stress found in modern Russian inflectional paradigms (nouns, verbs and adjectives), and variation in these patterns. It also examines the 'retraction' of stress onto prepositions before certain nouns and numerals, for example нá день, зá сорок, and onto the negative particles не and ни before the past forms of certain verbs, for example нé дан, нѝ бьіло, and variability in these phenomena. After a detailed survey of literature in the field, a new approach to the treatment of mobile stress in Russian is proposed, called the 'distinctive approach'. This approach takes as its basis not the movement of stress between word-forms, from one morpheme, or one syllable, to another, but rather the patterns of contrasts made by stress between word-forms, and the resulting phonetic realisation of stems. This forms the basis of an original categorisation of the inflectional stress patterns found for nouns, verbs and adjectives, which are examined in detail. Areas of instability in the system are identified, as indicated by the existence of stress variants. Certain of these areas are then further investigated by means of a comparison of dictionary data from standard reference works of the last forty years with new research data provided by a survey of twenty-one Muscovites in the age-range 23 to 62; full tables are given containing the results of this investigation. Each word is then discussed in detail, and a summary given of the changes in stress identified for each word-class. This thesis concludes that there is widespread variation in patterns of mobile stress, and that developments of a varied and disparate nature are taking place in the different parts of the inflectional system. There is, in addition, some evidence that stress mobility, particularly within the sub-paradigm, is being abandoned in favour of fixed stem- or desinence-stress. A reduction in the incidence of stress mobility is also seen in the area of the 'retraction' of stress onto prepositions and negative particles.
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Wenzlaff, Michaela. "Verb inflection and verb placement in German agrammatism." Thesis, University of Essex, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.411268.
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Everett, Brittney Lynn. "Urban Inflection: Negotiating Liminal Borders in New Orleans." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1243341999.
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Everett, Brittney. "Urban inflection negotiating liminal borders in New Orleans /." Cincinnati, Ohio : University of Cincinnati, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view.cgi?acc_num=ucin1243341999.
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Thesis (Master of Architecture)--University of Cincinnati, 2009.Advisor: John Hancock. Title from electronic thesis title page (viewed Aug. 3, 2009). Includes abstract. Keywords: urbanism; urban renewal; border; New Orleans; social justice; architecture; narrative; race; Kevin Lynch; Situationists; Archigram; conceptual project. Includes bibliographical references.
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PELLEGRINI, Matteo. "Predictability in Latin inflection: An entropy-based approach." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Bergamo, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10446/181502.
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Planella, Elisabeth. "Morphological inflection in second-language acquisition : the production of regular and irregular verbal inflection by native and non-native speakers of French." Thesis, University of Salford, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.248878.
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Molnar, Raymond A. (Raymond Alexander) 1977. ""Generalize and Sift" as a model of inflection acquisition." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/86820.
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Thesis (M.Eng.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 2001.Includes bibliographical references (leaves 72-76).
by Raymond A. Molnar.
M.Eng.
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Nakamura, Monica 1965. "Predictors of novel inflection learning by preschool-aged boys." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/277244.
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Twenty normally developing boys between the ages of 4:4 (years:months) and 5:7 were presented with stories designed to teach novel vocabulary and morphological inflections. A multiple regression analysis assessed the extent to which selected verbal and nonverbal skills contributed to the prediction of their performance on the inflection stories (INFL). Current inflection skills, as measured by the Grammatic Closure subtest of the Illinois Test of Psycholinguistic Abilities, accounted for nearly half of the INFL variance. In addition, performance on a posttest of vocabulary learning significantly (p .05) contributed to the prediction of INFL performance. None of the three nonverbal measures was a significant contributor, although closer analysis of these findings indicates that the relationship between nonverbal rule learning and inflection learning warrants further investigation. The results suggest that inflection learning is a language-specific phenomenon more tied to vocabulary skills than to nonverbal cognitive skills.
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Bobic, Nikolina. "Operations of force: NATO, Belgrade and the inflection of Urbicide." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/13590.
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This thesis considers the manner by which the contemporary and inherently flexible concept of ‘urbicide’ may be inflected and expanded by a focused exploration of one particular urban incursion. The particular focus is on NATO’s incursion on Belgrade during 1999 (and beyond). Drawing on connections found in economics, law, media and technology, the research analyses strategies deployed by the military to control the physical and psychological space of Belgrade. NATO’s 1999 targeting of Belgrade in Operation Allied Force becomes the means through which to expose more covert manifestations of urbicide. Considering that Belgrade was targeted by NATO at the end of the twentieth century, the urbicide of Belgrade offers perhaps the first insight into the changing modes of urbicide into the twenty-first century. The political context against which Belgrade has been transformed is explored alongside urban, architectural, infrastructural and landscape re-developments. The thesis’ findings elaborate and extend the initial position of the thesis that the 1999 bombing of Belgrade has been an attempt to eliminate the historically complex and heterogeneous city of Belgrade. The concluding proposition is that the 1999 urbicide was also an attempt to eliminate Balkanism. The radical potential of Balkanism – specifically through the Yugoslav case – is that it demonstrates alternative ways a society can be set-up – in terms of economics, to urbanism and architecture. The thesis further suggests various models of how societies might interrogate urbicide in order to re-think space and architecture, as well as resist control.
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Ratkus, Artūras. "The adjective inflection in Gothic and early Germanic : structure and development." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.609805.
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Soderstrom, Melanie. "The acquisition of inflection morphology in early perceptual knowledge of syntax." Available to US Hopkins community, 2002. http://wwwlib.umi.com/dissertations/dlnow/3068215.
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Garay-Lopez, Cristhian Emmanuel. "Tropical intersection theory, and real inflection points of real algebraic curves." Thesis, Paris 6, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA066364/document.
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Cette thèse est divisée en deux parties principales. D’abord on étudie des relations entre les théories d’intersection en géométrie tropicale et géométrie algébrique. Puis on étudie la question des possibilités pour la distribution de points d’inflexion réels associés à un système linéaire réel défini sur une courbe algébrique réelle lisse. Dans la première partie, nous présentons des nouveaux résultats reliant les théories d’intersection algébrique et tropicale dans une variété algébrique très affine définie sur un corps non-archimédien particulier (dit corps de Mal’cev-Neumann). Le résultat principale concerne l’intersection d’un cycle algébrique de dimension 1 dans une variété à tropicalisation simple avec un diviseur de Cartier. Dans la deuxième partie, nous obtenons d’abord une caractérisation de la répartition des points d’inflexion réels d’un système linéaire complet de degré d>1 sur une courbe elliptique réelle lisse. Puis nous étudions quelques courbes réelles non-hyperelliptiques canoniques de genre 4 dans l’espace projectif de dimension 3. Nous obtenons une formule qui relie le nombre de points de Weierstrass réels d’une telle courbe avec la caractéristique d’Euler-Poincaré d’un certain espace topologique. Finalement, en utilisant la technique du Patchworking (dû à O. Viro), on construit un exemple de courbe réelle, lisse, non-hyperelliptique de genre 4 ayant 30 points de Weierstrass réelsThis thesis is divided in two main parts. First, we study the relationships between intersection theories in tropical and algebraic geometry. Then, we study the question of the possibilities for the distribution of the real inflection points associated to a real linear system defined on a smooth real algebraic curve. In the first part, we present new results linking algebraic and tropical intersection theories over a very-affine algebraic variety defined over a particular non-Archimedean field (known as Mal’cev-Newmann field). The main result concerns the intersection of a one-dimensional algebraic cycle with a Cartier divisor in a variety with simple tropicalization. In the second part, we obtain first a characterization of the distribution of real inflection points associated to a real complete linear system of degree d>1 defined over a smooth real elliptic curve. Then we study some canonical, non-hyperelliptic real algebraic curves of genus 4 in a 3-dimensional projective space. We obtain a formule that relies the amount of real Weierstrass points of such a curve with the Euler-Poincaré characteristic of certain topological space. Finally, using O. Viro’s Patch-working technique, we construct an example of a smooth, non-hyperelliptic real algebraic curve of genus 4 having 30 real Weierstrass points
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Nekhumbe, Mudivhani Gilbert. "Nominal inflectional categories of Tshivenda." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/52961.
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Thesis (DLitt)--Stellenbosch University, 2002.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This study explores the four nominal inflectional categories which are identified in morphology, i.e. case, noun class, agreement and number in Tshiven~a. This study also examines Determiner Phrase, enclitics and definiteness with regard to Tshivenc1a noun phrases. Chapter one is the introduction of this study. It states the aim of the study which is, firstly, to establish whether case, noun class, agreement and number occur in Tshivencla, and secondly, to examine the form, syntactic distribution and semantics of these categories in Tshiven~a. This chapter also gives the morphological assumptions of the model of lexememorpheme base morphology by Beard (1995) and Aronoff (1994). The theory of lexical semantics of Pustejovsky (1996) and the Minimalist program of Chomsky (1995) are also discussed. Chapter two examines the Determiner Phrase in Tshiven~a. It concentrates on the structure of the OP in Tshivenda. Attention has been 41\ given to the functional categories within the OP such as DET and Agr as well as the various nominal modifiers within the OP. Chapter three explores Case in Tshiven~a. In Tshiven9_a there are seven cases, i.e. nominative, accusative, instrumental, locative, genitive, dative and vocative. This chapter concentrates on the assignment of these cases and their grammatical functions. Chapter four explores the noun class in Tshivenda. It examines the form 1\ and the contribution of the meaning of the noun class prefixes. The morphological structure of the Tshivenda noun is taken as the framework 1\ for this analysis. It has been found that Tshivend,a.. has seventeen noun classes which are still active in this language. These noun class prefixes have 24 different semantic features which contribute to the meaning of the noun. Chapter five discusses agreement and number in Tshivenda. In the case A. of agreement it has been found that it is both dependent and independent of noun class. Subjectival and objectival agreement appear as two functional categories within the inflection phrase. Specific attention has also been given to existential agreement, sentential pronouns, the infinitive as well as problems with agreement with coordinated NPs. Certain cases have also been highlighted where no agreement appears. Lastly, it has been shown that number is not an inflectional category in Tshivenda, but it A is a semantic category. Chapter six is concemed with definiteness in the interpretation of the noun in Tshivenda. In the first place, it has been shown in which cases a noun 1\ phrase may be interpreted as definite or indefinite. Secondly, the contribution of the nominal modifiers with regard to the definiteness of the noun phrase has been investigated. Lastly, it has been shown that proper names have to be interpreted as definite. Chapter seven investigated the three enclitics in Tshivenda, i.e. de, shu '" A and vho. Their meaning and distribution have been explored with regard to their presence on nouns, nominal modifiers and verbs. The distribution of these three enclitics is dependent on their meaning. The enclitic de which A refers to quantifiers may not appear on verbs. Enclitics which are interrogative in nature such as d,..e and shu may not appear with interrogative nominal modifiers.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Hierdie studie ondersoek die vier nominale infleksie kategorieë wat in die morfologie geïdentifiseer is nl. naamval, naamwoordklas, klasooreenstemming en getal in Tshivenqa. Hierdie studie gee ook aandag aan Bepalersfrase, enklitieke en bepaaldheid m.b.t. die Tshiven2a naamwoordgroepe. Hoofstuk een is die inleiding tot die studie. Dit gee die doelstellings van die studie: eerstens moet vasgestel word of naamval, naamwoordklas, klasooreenstemming en getal in Tshivenda voorkom, en tweedens moet die A vorm, sintaktiese distribusie en semantiek van hierdie kategorieë in Tshivenda bepaal word. Hierdie hoofstuk gee ook aandag aan die A morfologiese aannames van die lekseem-morfeem morfologie van Beard (1995) en Aronoff (1994). Die teorie van leksikale semantiek van Pustejovsky (1996) word ook bespreek sowel as die Minimalistiese program in sintaksis van Chomsky (1995). Hoofstuk twee ondersoek die Bepalersfrase in Tshivenda. Dit konsentreer A veralop die struktuur van die Bepalersfrase in Tshivenda. Aandag is veral A gegee aan die funksionele kategorieë binne die Bepalersfrase soos die bepaler en klasooreenstemming asook die verskillende nominale bepalers in die Bepalersfrase. Hoofstuk drie handeloor die naamval in Tshivenda. Sewe naamvalle is in A Tshivend,.a. onderskei nl. nominatief, akkusatief, instrument, lokatief, genitief, datief en vokatief. Hierdie hoofstuk konsentreer op die toekenning van hierdie naamvalle en hulle grammatikale funksies. Hoofstuk vier ondersoek die naamwoordklas in Tshivend,a.. Dit gee veral aandag aan die vorm van die naamwoordprefikse sowel as die bydrae van hierdie prefikse tot die betekenis van die naamwoord in Tshivenda. Hierdie '" analise is gedoen binne 'n raamwerk van die morfologiese struktuur van die naamwoord. Daar is gevind dat Tshivend,a. nog sewentien naamwoordklasse het wat aktief in die taal is. Daarby kon 24 verskillende betekeniskenmerke van hierdie naamwoordprefikse bepaal word. Hoofstuk vyf bespreek klasooreenstemming en getal in Tshivenda. In die A geval van klasooreenstemming is gevind dat dit beide afhanklik en onafhanklik van naamwoordklas is. Klasooreenstemming ten opsigte van die onderwerp en voorwerp is twee funksionele kategorieë binne die infleksiefrase. Verder is spesiale aandag gegee aan eksistensie, sinsvoomaamwoorde, die infinitief sowel as neweskikkende naamwoordgroepe. Daar is ook gevalle aangedui waarin geen klasooreensteming voorkom. Getal is 'n semantiese kategorie in Tshivenda " maar nie' infleksie kategorie nie. Hoofstuk ses handeloor bepaaldheid ten opsigte van die interpretasie van die naamwoord in Tshivend,a.. In die eerste plek is aangedui in welke gevalle naamwoordgroepe bepaald of onbepaald geïnterpreteer kan word, en tweedens is aandag gegee aan die bydrae van nominale bepalers ten opsigte van die bepaaldheid van die naamwoordgroep. Laastens is gewys op die voorkoms van bepaaldheid by eiename. Hoofstuk sewe het die drie enklitieke in Tshivenda ondersoek nl. de, shu ,. J\ en vho. Hul betekenis en distribusie is nagegaan ten opsigte van hul voorkoms by naamwoorde, nominale bepalers asook werkwoorde. Die distribusie van hierdie drie enklitieke is duidelik afhanklik van hul betekenis. So kan de wat verwys na kwantifiseerders bv. nie saam met werkwoorde optree n"ie. Enklitieke wat interprogatief van aard is soos d,..e en shu kan ook dus nie saam met interrogatiewe nominale bepalers voorkom nie.
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Neubauer, Kathleen. "The processing of inflection and derivation in German as a second lanaguage." Thesis, University of Essex, 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.531544.
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Tatsumi, T. "Children's acquisition of verb inflection in Japanese : contrasting generativist and constructivist approaches." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 2017. http://livrepository.liverpool.ac.uk/3009435/.
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Martin, Maisa. "The map and the rope Finnish nominal inflection as a learning target /." Jyväskylä : University of Jyväskylä, 1995. http://books.google.com/books?id=xg5aAAAAMAAJ.
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Murachco, France Yvonne. "Uma abordagem não normativa dos fatos da língua latina." Universidade de São Paulo, 2010. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8143/tde-07042010-141839/.
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Os primeiros questionamentos a respeito da linguagem vêm dos filósofos gregos. Interessavam-se em saber como as palavras se organizavam para formar mensagem inteligível. Depois dos estoicos, os pesquisadores da Biblioteca de Alexandria, diante da necessidade de estabelecer os textos dos quais recebiam lições diferentes, catalogaram os fatos de língua, e começaram um estudo da língua baseado sobre normas e regras. Mas a língua não se enquadra em normas rígidas e elas são frequentemente desmentidas pelo uso original que cada falante, a fortiori cada autor, faz dela, o que gera exceções. Uma aprendizagem baseada sobre regras e exceções se apresenta como pouco satisfatória para o intelecto. Quanto ao latim, ele apresenta tanto uma flexão verbal quanto uma flexão nominal; é por meio dessa última que são reveladas as relações estabelecidas entre as palavras pelo falante para comunicar-se com outra pessoa. Neste trabalho procura-se abordar o enunciado a partir de dois pontos: primeiro, sublinhando os significados que permeiam as relações expressas pelos casos para os nomes, pelos modos e tempos para os verbos, segundo, mostrando como as formas, parte física da palavra, se estabeleceram na diacronia, e se modificaram na oralidade sob o efeito da economia linguística. A língua originária, o indo-europeu, nos permitiu perceber que tanto cada um dos sufixos formadores dos casos -as desinências casuais- quanto cada um dos sufixos formadores da flexão verbal -sufixos modais, temporais e desinências verbais- contemplavam determinado significado; a diferença nas formas provém da oralidade. Antes de abordar a flexão, descrevemos as modificações fonéticas provenientes da junção dos sufixos desinenciais, modais ou temporais com o tema, já que essas modificações não dependem do significado ou do valor das palavras às quais se aplicam. No estudo das flexões, por necessidade metodológica apresentamos sucessivamente a flexão nominal e a flexão verbal. Para os nomes partimos do significado concreto que os casos tiveram certamente na sua origem e indicamos os valores que adquiriram, apoiando-nos sobre exemplos abonados de autores latinos; estudamos a seguir a evolução fonética das formas. Para os verbos destacamos os valores de aspecto -infectum, aoristo e perfectum- mantidos na língua no significado senão na forma, e as intenções subjacentes a todo ato de fala reveladas pelo uso dos modos independentemente da presença de conjunções. Quanto às formas verbais, estudamo-las junto com cada um desses pontos e ao mesmo tempo sublinhamos que apresentam uma formação sem surpresa quando vistas na sua evolução fonética.The first investigations on problems of language goes back to the classical Greek philosophers. They were interested in knowing the way the words are put together in order to produce an intelligible massage. Following the Stoics, the researchers of the Alexandria Library, pressed by the necessity of stablishing the texts from which they received various informations, started cataloging language facts and undertook a study of language based on norms and rules. Yet language does not easely submit itself to rigid rules, which are often brocken by the particular usage that each different speaker, and each author, make of it, always yielding exceptions. Apprenticeship based on rules and exceptions seems quite unsatisfactory to our mind. As for Latin, it is by the inflections of both nouns and verbs that the speaker makes up the relations among words, so that he can communicate with his interlocutor. In this paper, two ways are attempted the aproach the enuntiation: the first, underlining the meanings that pervade the relations revealed by the nouns\' cases, by verbs\' modes and times; the second, presenting the way the forms, the fisical part of the word, have been established diachronicaly, and have been modified orally throught the so called linguistic economy effect. The original language, the Indo-European, has allowed us to detect that each of the suffixes that shapes the cases - the casual desinences - as well as each of the suffixes that frame the verbal inflection - suffixes of mode and time as well as verbal desinences - contain a particular meaning; the difference of shapes comes from orality. Before paying attention to inflection, we have described the phonetical modifications proceeding from the connection of the suffixes of desinence, mode and time with the stem, since these modifications are independent from the meaning and value of the words to which they apply. In the study of the inflections, for methodological needs, we have presented both the nominal and verbal inflections. As for the nouns we have begun from the concrete meaning that the cases have certainly had in their origin, and then we point out the values added to them, relying on outstanding latin authors; next, we studied phonetic evolution of forms. As for verbs, we made distinction to the values of aspect - infectum, aoristo e perfectum - kept by the language in the meaning, if not in the form and the subjacent intensions at all revealed word, in the utilization of the modes, independently of the conjonctions presence. As for the verbal forms, we work them together with each of these points, and, at the same time, we underline that they present a no surprising character, as far as their phonetic evolution is concerned.
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Ding, Qinghua. "Intelligent systems engineering in anaesthesia." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.310761.
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Bryant, Michael R. "Investigation of Inflection Points as Brace Points in Multi-Span Purlin Roof Systems." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/33699.
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An experimental and analytical investigation was conducted to evaluate the behavior of inflection points as brace points in multi-span purlin roof systems. Seven tests were conducted using "C" and "Z" purlins attached to standing seam and through fastened panels.
These tests were subjected to uniform gravity loading by means of a vacuum chamber. The experimental results were compared with analytical predictions based on the 1996 AISI Specifications with and without the inflection point considered a brace point.
Finite element modeling of through fastened "C" and "Z" purlin tests were conducted and compared to experimental through fastened results.
Conclusions were drawn on the status of the inflection point and on the design of multi-span purlin roof systems with current AISI Specifications.
Master of Science
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Newton, Glenda Elizabeth. "The development and loss of the old Irish double system of verbal inflection." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.612802.
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Habtay, Solomon Russom. "Enabling industry inflection and corporate innovation : utilising complexity thinking for innovative strategic management." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/53407.
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Thesis (MComm)--Stellenbosch University, 2003.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: In the new economy, many industries - more specifically those that can be replaced electronically - are generally believed to be in peril of strategic inflection points. Scrutiny of available researches on the drivers of discontinuity indicates that some strategic inflection points can be foreseen, but many cannot be anticipated, because initially inflection points emerge very small, and can often be missed, but then they suddenly strike hard without warning. A strategic point of inflection occurs when existing ways of doing business and industry structure subtly but profoundly change. This study proposed to review the application of the complexity theory to strategic management for enabling industry inflection and corporate innovation. The study describes a couple-phased complexity approach for enabling industry inflection. The first phase starts by building organisational fitness through designing complex adaptive systems, internal to the organisation, and nurturing healthy co-evolution with external key players. The application of "communities of practice" into complex adaptive systems of organisational design is demonstrated as an essential means to drive the organization to the edge of chaos through which new businesses may evolve that can potentially trigger an inflection point. The co-evolutionary approach is explained as a process to develop patterns of co-adaptation with key players, whereby co-adapters collaborate to adapt effectively, although they still remain free to compete for a prime-movers hip position. This is hypothetically postulated to be space transition at the edge of chaos at the socio-cultural business system level, where active members, driven by the moving self-organization, engage in exploratory dialogue to explore space possibilities for systemic innovations. The second phase is described in four strategic stages for enabling industry inflection and corporate innovation. The strategic inflection point begins with a definition of a customer value proposition. This leads to the co-experimentation stage where co-creators jointly experiment with diverse new business models comprising a variety of customer value propositions that appeal to different segments. The success of new business model may cause industry inflection, subsequently leading to the third stage where the inflection point creates uncertainty to both the co-creators and their competitors, because the final success of a proactive strategic inflection point depends on the market dynamics. The salient conclusion of this study is that the complexity theory does not guarantee the complete success of a proactive strategy for enabling industry inflection. An inflection point can barely result from a deliberate strategic process only. Neither is a strategic inflection point a function of perfectly unexplainable market factors. Recommendations have been provided for further research to address, among others, the conceptual gap between the scientific analysis and the non-linear assumption of the complexity theory.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Daar word in die hedendaagse ekonomie algemeen aanvaar dat baie nywerhede - in die besonder dié wat elektronies vervang kan word - gevaar loop van strategiese invalspunte. Noukeurige ondersoek van beskikbare navorsing oor die aanvoorders van diskontinuïteit dui daarop dat sommige strategiese invalspunte verwag kan word, maar baie kan nie geantisipeer word nie, aangesien invalspunte aanvanklik baie klein voorkom, en dan dikwels misgekyk kan word, maar dan slaan hulle vinnig toe, sonder waarskuwing. 'n Strategiese invalspunt kom voor wanneer bestaande maniere van sake doen en die struktuur van die industrie subtiel, maar wesenlik verander. Met hierdie navorsing is beoog om 'n oorsig te kry van die toepassing van die kompleksiteitsteorie op strategiese bestuur ten einde geleentheid te verskaf vir industrieinfleksie en korporatiewe innovering. Die navorsing beskryf 'n aantal gefaseerde kompleksiteitsbenaderings om industrie-infleksie aan te help. Die eerste fase begin met die opbou van organisatoriese geskiktheid deur die ontwerp van komplekse aanpasbaarheidstelsels wat intern aan die organisasie is en deur die kweek van gesonde koevolusie met eksterne sleutelrolspelers. Die toepassing van "algemeen aanvaarde praktyk" in komplekse aanpasbaarheidstelsels van organisatoriese ontwerp word gedemonstreer as 'n essensiële middelom die organisasie tot op die rand van chaos te dryf waardeur nuwe ondernemings kan ontwikkel wat moontlik 'n invalspunt kan veroorsaak. Die ko-evolusionêre benadering word verduidelik as 'n proses om patrone vir ko-adaptasie met sleutelrolspelers te ontwikkel, waardeur medebewerkers saamwerk om doeltreffend aan te pas, alhoewel hulle steeds vry is om vir 'n posisie as hoofkragbron mee te ding. Daar word hipoteties gepostuleer dat dit paradigmatiese oorgang op die rand van chaos op die sosiokulturele sakevlak is, waar aktiewe lede, gedryf deur die vinnig bewegende self-organisasie, betrokke raak by verkennende dialoog om die paradigmatiese moontlikhede vir sistemiese innovering te verken. Die tweede fase word in vier strategiese stadia beskryf om industrie-infleksie en korporatiewe innovering moontlik te maak. Die strategiese invalspunt begin met 'n definisie van 'n aanbieding van kliëntwaarde. Dit lei tot die ko-eksperimentele stadium waar medeskeppers gesamentlik eksperimenteer met diverse nuwe sakemodelle wat bestaan uit variasies op aanbiedings van kliëntwaarde wat vir verskillende segmente aanloklik is. Die sukses van 'n nuwe sakemodel kan moontlik industrie-infleksie veroorsaak, wat dan lei tot die derde stadium waar die invalspunt onsekerheid skep vir die medeskeppers en hulle mededingers, aangesien die finale sukses van 'n proaktiewe strategiese invalspunt van die markdinamiek afhanklik is. Die belangrikste gevolgtrekking na aanleiding van hierdie navorsmg IS dat die kompleksiteitsteorie nie die algehele sukses van 'n proaktiewe strategie verseker om industrie-infleksie te bemagtig nie. 'n Invalspunt kan beswaarlik slegs uit 'n doelbewuste industrie-infleksie voortspruit. Die strategiese invalspunt is ook nie 'n funksie van volkome onverklaarbare markfaktore nie. Aanbevelings word gemaak vir verdere navorsing wat aandag kan gee aan, onder andere, die konseptueie gaping tussen die wetenskaplike analise en die nie-lineêre aanname van die kompleksiteitsteorie.
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Brown, Dunstan. "From the general to the exceptional : a network morphology account of Russian nominal inflection." Thesis, University of Surrey, 1998. http://epubs.surrey.ac.uk/994/.
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Carteret, Cathie. "Regular and irregular verb inflection in the French mental lexicon : a dual-mechanism perspective." Thesis, University of Essex, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.268716.
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Nishida, Chiyo. "Interplay between morphology and syntax: A lexical analysis of inflection and cliticization in Spanish." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/184304.
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The purpose of this study is to propose a lexical analysis of inflection and cliticization in Spanish within the framework of Categorial Grammar, and to show how morphology and syntax interplay with one another in this language. I postulate that inflectional suffixes and clitics are syntactic expressions in their own right; inflectional suffixes are the instantiation of the grammatical relation, subject, whereas certain clitics, i.e. DAT and ACC clitics, are of the object. In this regard, inflection and cliticization can be conceived as functions from one set of syntactic expressions into another. I assume that inflectional suffixes and clitics are stored in the lexicon assigned to categories which specify their syntactic (and semantic) properties. These elements are combined to form complex expressions by two kinds of operations: (1) Function/argument application, and (2) Functional Composition. Three lexical rules are proposed in order to account for the distribution of the morphological properties at issue: (1) Inflection, (2) Cliticization, and (3) Complex Verb Formation. These rules make an explicit statement of what syntactic processes take place as morphologically complex expressions are formed. One consequence of my analysis is the redefinition of nominals commonly referred to as "subject NP" and "object NP" (doubled by a clitic) as elements which mark a referential contrast. This way, the formal variation as to the presence or absence of these nominals in Spanish sentences has a coherent explanation. Two rules of nominal adjunction are proposed in order to account for "clitic doubling" and "subject doubling". These two rules apply under certain conditions. With a lexical treatment of inflection and cliticization proposed, all the word formation processes in the Spanish language are now relegated to one single component, the lexicon. Morphology in Spanish, thus, has a clearly delineated domain of its own as an integral part of the lexicon. Furthermore, inflection and cliticization are morphological processes which, at the same time, construct syntactically complex expressions. This direct interplay between morphology and syntax is what uniquely characterizes the so-called "pro-drop" languages, of which Spanish is one, and distinguishes them from the "non-pro-drop" languages.
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Mandele, L. Martin van der. "Leadership and the inflection point : a longitudinal perspective = Leiderschap en het inflectiepunt : een longitudinaal perspectief /." Rotterdam : Erasmus Research Institute of Management, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1765/1302.
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Brandt-Kobele, Oda-Christina [Verfasser], and Barbara [Akademischer Betreuer] Höhle. "Comprehension of verb inflection in German-speaking children / Oda-Christina Brandt-Kobele. Betreuer: Barbara Höhle." Potsdam : Universitätsbibliothek der Universität Potsdam, 2014. http://d-nb.info/1053125739/34.
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Pertsova, Katya. "Learning form-meaning mappings in presence of homonymy a linguistically motivated model of learning inflection /." Diss., Restricted to subscribing institutions, 2007. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1417799841&sid=1&Fmt=2&clientId=1564&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
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Schmidt, Claudia Maria. "Satzstruktur und Verbbewegung : eine minimalistische Analyse zur internen Syntax der IP (Inflection-Phrase) im Deutschen /." Tübingen : M. Niemeyer, 1995. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb35784240p.
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Artés, Cuenca Eduard. "The influence of phonology on inflection. The interplay between syllabification and lexical insertion in pallarese catalan." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/393997.
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En aquesta tesi s’analitzen les restriccions que la fonologia imposa sobre l'exponència del gènere. En concret, s’explora la interacció entre epèntesi i flexió nominal en el sistema clític del pallarès. Atès que la flexió s'esdevé en posició final de mot, s'argumenta que l'epèntesi s'evita en aquesta posició per tal de mantenir una estricta correspondència entre estructura morfològica i estructura fonològica. En canvi, en alguns contextos s'hi poden inserir vocals flexives per tal de facilitar la sil·labificació de la seqüència.
En aquest treball s'assumeix que cada nucli sintàctic funcional projecta una posició temàtica on es realitza el gènere (Oltra-Massuet, 1999). Una aspecte clau de la proposta és la idea que els exponents de gènere són trets flotants i, per tant, la flexió es realitza en dos passos. En primer lloc, en la posició temàtica s’hi insereix una vocal subespecificada (i.e., T ↔ V) i, posteriorment, els trets flotants ([+fem] ↔ [+baix], i.e., -[a]; [–fem] ↔ [+labial,–alt], i.e., -[o]) s’ associen a la V de la posició temàtica. En l’anàlisi, emmarcada en la Teoria de l’Optimitat (TO), s’assumeix que l'ordenació de les restriccions determina la presència o l'absència superficial dels trets flotants. El femení sempre es realitza a causa d'una restricció que afavoreix l'associació del tret [+baix] (fet que implica la inserció de línies d'associació no presents a l’input), mentre que al masculí s’evita la inserció de noves línies a l’output, fet que explica la realització -[Ø] per defecte del masculí. Tanmateix, quan el gènere forma part de la composició morfosintàctica d’un clític, com en el cas del pronom masculí acusatiu de 3a persona del singular, aquests trets flotants es poden acabar associant a la V de la posició temàtica per tal de millorar l’estructura sil·làbica quan es donen certs condicionaments fonotàctics. Aquesta ‘solució morfològica’ és menys costosa que l’epèntesi inicial perquè no necessita crear una nova posició estructural o inserir nous trets.
L’operació d’Empobriment (Bonet, 1991) esborra els tets de gènere del pronom acusatiu de 3a persona del plural i, per tant, els trets fonològics que li corresponen no es poden utilitzar per assolir una sil·labificació apropiada. La posició temàtica amb la vocal subespecificada es manté, però, i els trets epentètics per defecte del pallarès s’insereixen en aquesta posició, motiu pel qual la vocal rep una interpetació temàtica. Aquesta solució es prefereix a l’epèntesi inicial perquè la posició temàtica ja proporciona una posició estructural. El mateix s’aplica a d’altres clítics que no tenen trets de gènere.
Tot i que el pallarès mostra interaccions morfofonològiques complexes pel que fa a l’exponència del gènere, l’anàlisi en TO que es presenta en aquesta tesi fa referència exclusiva a objectes fonològics. L’estructura morfosintàctica del sistema nominal afecta els processos epentètics però es pot continuar mantenint una modularitat estricta del sistema. A més a més, l’assumpció de trets flotants evita l’ús d’al·lomorfs de gènere (Bonet et al. 2007).
Quant als noms i adjectius, el procés general que, d’una banda, realitza una vocal subespecificada i, de l’altra, realitza trets flotants de gènere, és vàlid només per a les terminacions per defecte. És a dir, qualsevol vocal que no sigui -a (femení) o -o (masculí) —si es realitza— no es pot considerar de gènere i ha de ser especificada, en canvi, a la posició temàtica de l’entrada lèxica. Per tant, els noms amb marques no regulars s’han d’emmagatzemar com a representacions complexes i la realització s’ha de fer en un sol pas. Això dóna suport a teories que suposen que un exponent o un conjunt d’exponents poden realitzar constituents morfosintàctics que apleguen més d’un node terminal (e.g., Siddiqi 2009, Caha 2009 or Bermúdez-Otero 2012).This dissertation deals with the constraints that phonology imposes on the exponence of gender. In particular, it explores the interaction between epenthesis and nominal inflection in Pallarese Catalan clitics. Since inflection is located word-finally in Pallarese, I argue that right-edge epenthesis is avoided in order to maintain a strict correspondence between morphological and phonological structure. Inflectional vowels may be used for syllabification purposes in word-final position instead. It is assumed in this thesis that every syntactic functional head projects a postsyntactic theme position (Oltra-Massuet, 1999) where gender is realized. A key aspect of the proposal is the idea that the exponents of gender are floating features, and thus inflection proceeds in two steps. First, the theme position is spelled outwith an underspecified vowel (i.e., Th ↔ V) and, subsequently, the floating features associated with gender ([+fem] ↔ [+low], i.e., -[a]; [–fem] ↔ [+labial,–high], i.e., -[o]) are attached to the V-slot of the theme position. Couched within Optimality Theory, I argue that the constraint ranking determines whether the featural gender exponents surface or not. The feminine is always realized due to a constraint that favors parsing [+low] (which implies adding association lines that are absent in the input), whereas in the masculine the insertion of new association lines in the output is dispreferred and the features associated with [–fem] are not parsed, which accounts for default masculine -[Ø] exponence. If gender is part of the morphosyntatic compositionof a clitic, as in the 3rd person singular masculine accusative clitic, these floating features can nevertheless be attached to the V-slot of the theme position toimprove syllabic structure under certain phonotactic conditions. This ‘morphological solution’ is less costly than (regular) word-initial epenthesis because it does notneed to create a new skeletal position or insert new features. Impoverishment (Bonet, 1991) deletes gender features in the 3rd person plural accusative clitic, and thus the corresponding phonological features associated with gender cannot be used for syllabification purposes. The theme position with the V-slot is maintained, though, and the default epenthetic features of Pallarese are inserted when required by phonotactics, which forces a thematic interpretation of this vowel. This solution is preferred over word-initial epenthesis because the theme position already provides a skeletal slot. The same procedure applies to other clitics that do not bear gender features either. Even though Pallarese shows a complex morphophonological intertwining regarding gender exponence, the OT analysis presented in this dissertation makes exclusive reference to phonological objects. The morphosyntactic structure of the nominal system constrains epenthesis, but strict modularity can be maintained. Furthermore, the use of floating features in the input can dispense with gender allomorphy (cf. Bonet et al. 2007). As for nouns and adjectives, the general process that spells out an underspecified vowel in the theme position, on the one hand, and floating place features for gendervalues, on the other, is only valid for default endings. That is, vowels other than-a (feminine) and -o (masculine) —when it surfaces— cannot be considered gender markers and need to be fully specified in the theme position of lexical entries instead. Therefore, nouns with non-regular endings are stored as complex representations and phonologically realized in one single step. This supports theories that assume that one exponent (or set of exponents) can spell out whole morphosyntactic structures(e.g., Siddiqi 2009, Caha 2009 or Berm´udez-Otero 2012).
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Hashmi, А., and А. Kalashnikov. "Comparison of the responsiveness of ultrasonic oscillating temperature sensors (UOTSes) and conventional sensors to temperature inflection." Thesis, Sumy State University, 2017. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/55751.
Full textAbstract:
Ultrasonic oscillating temperature sensors
(UOTSes), in distinction to conventional temperature
sensors, feature almost negligible settling time. This
property can be useful for detecting malfunctions, failures
and misuses of heat exchangers. However, most exchangers
handle substantial thermal masses, which obscure the
detection of any temperature changes.
We compared the responsiveness of conventional
DS18B20 sensors and an UOTS to the change in the
temperature gradient of over 3.5 kg of water using a
posteriori records. Temperature inflection points were
estimated by extending the curves for separate distinct
heating and cooling intervals that fit best and finding their
interception. For the UOTS, the interception occurred about
100 seconds sooner, making it a potential candidate for
detecting heat exchangers’ irregularities.
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Hultman, Kristoffer. "Engelska lånord i svenskan - Tendenser i ungdomars bruk av engelska lånord." Thesis, Halmstad University, School of Teacher Education (LUT), 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-2416.
Full textAbstract:
The content of this essay examines high school students’ tendencies when it comes to English word use in the Swedish language. 92 students in the first and second grade were handed an inquiry for them fill out. The results and the following discussion are based on the answers’ from this inquiry.
The essay focuses on three separate areas that concerns attitude, inflection and translation.
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Parker, Jeffrey. "Inflectional Complexity and Cognitive Processing: An Experimental and Corpus-based Investigation of Russian Nouns." The Ohio State University, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1467904555.
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Bengtsson, Hanna. "Cactuses or Cacti? : A corpus-based study on the use of Latin nominal inflection in American English." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Engelska institutionen, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-194188.
Full textAbstract:
As a result of language contact and influence, the English language contains a significant amount of lexical items borrowed from other languages. Whilst the borrowing of inflectional morphology is not very common, English does use several Latin plurals in their original form. However, these plurals often have an angliziced counterpart and the distinction of when which plural should be used is seldom clear. This paper examines the Latin and English plural forms for the fours nouns cactus, nebula, millennium and vortex. This is done with the ambition to provide an overview of how the two plural forms are being used in contemporary written American English, in comparison with the existing recommendations of usage, as well as how this use has changed diachronically. The study is a quantitative corpus study using the two corpora COHA and COCA with a complimentary qualitative analysis based on random samples for each of the plural forms. The results show that in three of the cases, the Latin plural has been the preferred plural form over the last 200 years and remains the most popularly used today. However, in the fourth case, the English plural was the preferred one over the last two centuries with a drastic change in distribution over the last two decades which indicates that the plural pair has undergone a hyper-foreignization process. The results show a unanimous preference for the Latin noun within certain categories, such as academic and magazines, which could be a possible indication for code-switching behaviour. Additionally, the results indicate that Latin nouns whose meaning has a strong connection to the scientific field have undergone a lesser initial angliziation process. This corresponds with the existing recommendations of usage that express a general preference for the Latin plurals, especially within academic fields and language.
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Ricci, Cara. "Developmental connections between verb inflection and subject-verb inversion in pre-school children with specific language impairment." Connect to resource, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1811/37045.
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Vaičiukaitė, Aušra. "Švenčionėlių šnektos daiktavardis (kalbos dalių kaityba ir kirčiavimas)." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2005. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2005~D_20050629_125936-79619.
Full textAbstract:
Whereas the noun of Švenčionėliai subdialect was analyzed in my BA paper, this thesis is the continuation of the previous work; therefore, noun is not taken into consideration. In this work more emphasis is given on the inflection and accentuation of other parts of speech in Švenčionėliai subdialect. In addition to this, this subdialect was compared to the standard Lithuanian language as well as much attention was paid on the previous works of the well known linguists (Z. Zinkevičius, A. Pakerys et al). In this study, I used authentic dialectal material which was collected from audio recordings or from notes made wile the communicating with the representatives of this sub dialect. The findings of this research suggest as follows.
· All inflective parts of speech use illiatyvas as frequent as inesyvas.
· Adjectives have dual number which is very rarely used: turε,jæ dù graþù su,nu.
· Plural numbers are not often used, instead, people usually use cardinal numbers. Surprisingly, fractional numbers are not used at all.
· Various particles are very often linked to the personal pronouns àš and tù, for example, αš / a.šei, tù / tùjei .
· What concerns adverbs with the prefix –ai, in Švenčionėliai subdialect most of adverbs are formed from indirect cases.
· A number of particles are used to express specification, contradistinction, interrogation and impeachment.
· Prepositions are used together with 3 cases, that is, genitive (unpe.èÅus pa.dedi # tÀdu ana paru,kstÀ)... [to full text]
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Jensen, Sara Lyn. "Learning Russian Case Endings Through Model Sentences." Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 2007. http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/ETD/image/etd2000.pdf.
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Ramm, Anita [Verfasser], and Alexander [Akademischer Betreuer] Fraser. "Modeling the position and inflection of verbs in English to German machine translation / Anita Ramm ; Betreuer: Alexander Fraser." Stuttgart : Universitätsbibliothek der Universität Stuttgart, 2018. http://d-nb.info/1160939217/34.
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Price, Greg. "Decision-Making Process and the Principles of Causation and Effectuation at the Point of Inflection| A Phenomenological Study." Thesis, City University of Seattle, 2018. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10837134.
Full textAbstract:
Nationally, about 50% of all business startups in the U.S. vanish by their fifth year (Fisher, Maritz, & Lobo, 2014). In a recent survey, the U.S. Census Bureau (2015) has identified 5.4 million small businesses in operation today, with about 67% of them having fewer than 20 employees. This majority of all small businesses are known as micro-business enterprises (MBE) and are run by micro-business owners (MBO).
In this qualitative phenomenological study, decision-making processes through the principles of causation and effectuation were explored on MBOs whose MBE has fewer than 15 employees. There is a gap identifying challenges MBO’s experience between the phase where the MBE transitions out of the startup phase and moves into the growth phase—a point in the business cycle known as the inflection point (Dimovski, Penger, Peterlin, & Uhan, 2013). The findings in the study supported the problem statement in that MBO behavioral characteristics are the primary drivers that can impact the operating of a successful or unsuccessful business.
Authors who have studied decision-making processes at the point of inflection have indicated that most research has been conducted through quantitative methods (Chandler, DeTienne, McKelvie, & Mumford, 2011; Perry, Chandler, & Markova, 2012). As the study on the decision-making principles of causation and effectuation matures, Perry, Chandler, and Markova (2012) suggested new qualitative research be conducted to explore various aspects of psychological capital as MBOs hire, train, and manage employees.
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Rasanen, Sanna. "Investigating children's acquisition of verb inflection in English, Swedish and Finnish : challenges for current generativist and constructivist approaches." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 2014. http://livrepository.liverpool.ac.uk/2010880/.
Full textAbstract:
A debate that lies in the heart of the cognitive sciences is the question of how children acquire their first language. On the one side, generativist accounts have based their explanations on innate knowledge of abstract rules, whilst, on the other, constructivist accounts explain language acquisition as a result of input-based learning. The goal of this thesis is to focus on one of the most vigorously researched areas in language acquisition, the development of inflectional verb morphology, and by doing so not only provide more insight into the acquisition of inflection in general, but also help distinguish between the two competing approaches. More specifically, the thesis will focus on three different languages – English, Swedish and Finnish – and use these languages as a testing ground for explaining how a particular aspect of language is acquired. Chapter 1 provides a general introduction to the generativist and constructivist approaches to language acquisition, as well as outlining some important linguistic terms. Chapter 2, presents with the two different linguistic phenomena under investigation in this thesis: Optional Infinitive (OI) and person/number marking errors. Chapter 3 presents Experiment 1, which reports the results of a cross-sectional elicited-production study investigating the possibility that at least some apparent OI errors reflect a process of defaulting to the form with the highest frequency in the input. Across 48 verbs, a significant negative correlation was observed between the proportion of ‘bare’ vs 3sg –s forms in a representative input corpus and the rate of 3sg –s production in simple finite contexts. This finding suggests that, in addition to other learning mechanisms that yield such errors cross-linguistically, at least some of the OI errors produced by English-speaking children reflect a process of defaulting to a high-frequency/phonologically-simple form. Chapter 4 describes Experiment 2, which further investigates the pattern of OI errors, in English and Swedish. In this study, OI errors were elicited in both simple finite and modal contexts. The results support the idea put forward in Experiment 1 that children’s (apparent) OI errors have two distinct sources: truncating compound finite structures and defaulting to the most frequent/phonologically simple form. Experiment 3 in Chapter 5 focused on examining the defaulting errors and further input effects by eliciting present tense verb forms from native Finnish-speaking children. The results provide evidence for the defaulting hypothesis, and suggest that a successful account of the development of verb inflection will need to incorporate both rote-storage and retrieval of individual inflected forms as well as phonological analogy across them. Finally, Chapter 6 concludes the thesis by summarizing the findings of Experiments 1-3, and discussing the main implications of the results for the generativist and constructivist accounts of acquisition of verb morphology, as well as suggesting some possible future research directions.
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Murphy, Victoria A. "Inflectional morphology and second language learning systems : an investigation of the dual-mechanism model and L2 morphology." Thesis, McGill University, 2000. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=36782.
Full textAbstract:
Pinker and Prince (1988, 1994) propose that there are two separate systems involved in linguistic representation and processing; one system is rule-governed, and incorporates symbolic hierarchical linguistic representations, the other is associative with linguistic information represented in a more distributed fashion. One particular linguistic feature of English said to exemplify the principles of this dual-mechanism model is inflectional morphology. Pinker and Prince (1988; 1994) present a range of evidence showing that native speakers of English process regular inflectional items in ways that are both quantitatively and qualitatively different from irregular inflectional items. This dual-mechanism model has been largely investigated within the context of first language (L1) learning, and has received considerable support from investigations using a number of different research paradigms. Nonetheless, there have been a number of serious criticisms in that the apparent behavioural distinctions between regular and irregular inflectional items can be supported by an alternative associative system (Elman, Bates, Johnson, Karmiloff-Smith, Parisi & Plunkett, 1996). The research presented in this dissertation investigates how knowledge of second language (L2) inflectional morphology might be processed and represented. The research is grounded within the theoretical framework provided by the dual-mechanism model and evaluates whether the claims and assumptions of this model are relevant to how L2 learners process, represent and learn about inflectional morphology. Three experiments are presented which address the issues of: compounding with regular and irregular noun plurals (Experiment 1); past tense generalization with regular and irregular verbs (Experiment 2); and finally, the development of knowledge of a new inflectional paradigm (Old English noun plurals, Experiment 3). Each of these experiments provides findings which are difficult for the dual-mechanism model