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Journal articles on the topic 'Inflorescences architecture'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 9 March 2023

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Diniz, Suzana, Everton Tizo-Pedroso, Denise Lange, et al. "Might Heterostyly Underlie Spider Occurrence on Inflorescences? A Case Study ofPalicourea rigida(Rubiaceae), a Common Shrub from Brazilian Cerrado." Psyche: A Journal of Entomology 2012 (2012): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/791395.

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We carried out a research on thePalicourea rigida(Rubiaceae) inflorescences, a distylous shrub of Brazilian Cerrado. Our objective was to compare the inflorescence architectural complexity and its quality in the two floral morphs and search for any relationship with spider occurrence. In order to assess the quality of inflorescence resources, we quantified the nectar volume and its sugar concentration and the number of fruits and flowers (intact and aborted) for both inflorescence morphs with and without spiders. For the architectural heterogeneity, we quantified floral structures and inflores

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2

Glofcheskie, Morgan, Tristan Long, Anna Ho, and Mihai Costea. "Inflorescences of Cuscuta (Convolvulaceae): Diversity, evolution and relationships with breeding systems and fruit dehiscence modes." PLOS ONE 18, no. 5 (2023): e0286100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0286100.

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Cuscuta (dodder) includes ca. 200 species of plant obligate stem parasites with enormous ecological and economical significance. Inflorescences have been historically used in Cuscuta for species descriptions and identification keys, but no comprehensive study exists to date. The main objectives of this study were to survey the diversity and evolution of inflorescences and to uncover their possible form-function relationships. The inflorescence architecture of 132 Cuscuta taxa was analysed using herbarium specimens and eight species were grown to study their inflorescence development. Infloresc

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3

Kim, Da Eun, Jin-hee Jeong, Yu Mi Kang, et al. "The Impact of Fasciation on Maize Inflorescence Architecture." Journal of Plant Biology 65, no. 2 (2022): 87–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12374-021-09342-1.

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AbstractHow functional genetics research can be applied to improving crop yields is a timely challenge. One of the most direct methods is to produce larger inflorescences with higher productivity, which should be accompanied by a balance between stem cell proliferation and lateral organ initiation in meristems. Unbalanced proliferation of stem cells causes the fasciated inflorescences, which reflect the abnormal proliferation of meristems, derived from the Latin word ‘fascis’, meaning ‘bundle’. Maize, a model system for grain crops, has shown tremendous yield improvements through the mysteriou

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4

Li, Jin-Yu, Yan-Nan Li, Qiang Tu, and Zhi-Xiang Zhang. "Evolution of cyme architecture in Celastraceae." Phytotaxa 181, no. 2 (2014): 110. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.181.2.4.

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Celastraceae are characterized by a cymose pattern of inflorescence ramification. Under this basic pattern, many inflorescence forms have been described within the family, e.g., dichasium, monochasium, pleiochasium, botryoid, thyrsoid, fascicle. Thus, the question has arisen—how have these varieties evolved or transformed from one to another? Through morphogenetic observations using paraffin sections, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and stereomicroscopy, we studied the architecture and developmental processes of the inflorescences of five species of Celastrus and Euonymus. We found in C. o

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5

Tschapka, Marco, Stefan Dressler, and Helversen Otto Von. "Bat visits to Marcgravia pittieri and notes on the inflorescence diversity within the genus Marcgravia (Marcgraviaceae)." Flora - Morphology, Distribution, Functional Ecology of Plants 201, no. 5 (2006): 383–88. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13414443.

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(Uploaded by Plazi for the Bat Literature Project) We report bat visits to the inflorescences of Marcgravia pittieri. The animals were videotaped visiting the nectaries of the inflorescences in short hovering flight. Nectarivorous bats caught in front of the inflorescences were Anoura cultrata and Hylonycteris underwoodi (both Phyllostomidae: Glossophaginae). Furthermore, we provide a short overview on inflorescence architecture within the genus Marcgravia with a special focus on functional morphology in chiropterophilous species.

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Tschapka, Marco, Stefan Dressler, and Helversen Otto Von. "Bat visits to Marcgravia pittieri and notes on the inflorescence diversity within the genus Marcgravia (Marcgraviaceae)." Flora - Morphology, Distribution, Functional Ecology of Plants 201, no. 5 (2006): 383–88. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13414443.

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(Uploaded by Plazi for the Bat Literature Project) We report bat visits to the inflorescences of Marcgravia pittieri. The animals were videotaped visiting the nectaries of the inflorescences in short hovering flight. Nectarivorous bats caught in front of the inflorescences were Anoura cultrata and Hylonycteris underwoodi (both Phyllostomidae: Glossophaginae). Furthermore, we provide a short overview on inflorescence architecture within the genus Marcgravia with a special focus on functional morphology in chiropterophilous species.

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7

Tschapka, Marco, Stefan Dressler, and Helversen Otto Von. "Bat visits to Marcgravia pittieri and notes on the inflorescence diversity within the genus Marcgravia (Marcgraviaceae)." Flora - Morphology, Distribution, Functional Ecology of Plants 201, no. 5 (2006): 383–88. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13414443.

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(Uploaded by Plazi for the Bat Literature Project) We report bat visits to the inflorescences of Marcgravia pittieri. The animals were videotaped visiting the nectaries of the inflorescences in short hovering flight. Nectarivorous bats caught in front of the inflorescences were Anoura cultrata and Hylonycteris underwoodi (both Phyllostomidae: Glossophaginae). Furthermore, we provide a short overview on inflorescence architecture within the genus Marcgravia with a special focus on functional morphology in chiropterophilous species.

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8

Tschapka, Marco, Stefan Dressler, and Helversen Otto Von. "Bat visits to Marcgravia pittieri and notes on the inflorescence diversity within the genus Marcgravia (Marcgraviaceae)." Flora - Morphology, Distribution, Functional Ecology of Plants 201, no. 5 (2006): 383–88. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13414443.

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(Uploaded by Plazi for the Bat Literature Project) We report bat visits to the inflorescences of Marcgravia pittieri. The animals were videotaped visiting the nectaries of the inflorescences in short hovering flight. Nectarivorous bats caught in front of the inflorescences were Anoura cultrata and Hylonycteris underwoodi (both Phyllostomidae: Glossophaginae). Furthermore, we provide a short overview on inflorescence architecture within the genus Marcgravia with a special focus on functional morphology in chiropterophilous species.

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9

Tschapka, Marco, Stefan Dressler, and Helversen Otto Von. "Bat visits to Marcgravia pittieri and notes on the inflorescence diversity within the genus Marcgravia (Marcgraviaceae)." Flora - Morphology, Distribution, Functional Ecology of Plants 201, no. 5 (2006): 383–88. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13414443.

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(Uploaded by Plazi for the Bat Literature Project) We report bat visits to the inflorescences of Marcgravia pittieri. The animals were videotaped visiting the nectaries of the inflorescences in short hovering flight. Nectarivorous bats caught in front of the inflorescences were Anoura cultrata and Hylonycteris underwoodi (both Phyllostomidae: Glossophaginae). Furthermore, we provide a short overview on inflorescence architecture within the genus Marcgravia with a special focus on functional morphology in chiropterophilous species.

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10

Tschapka, Marco, Stefan Dressler, and Helversen Otto Von. "Bat visits to Marcgravia pittieri and notes on the inflorescence diversity within the genus Marcgravia (Marcgraviaceae)." Flora - Morphology, Distribution, Functional Ecology of Plants 201, no. 5 (2006): 383–88. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13414443.

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(Uploaded by Plazi for the Bat Literature Project) We report bat visits to the inflorescences of Marcgravia pittieri. The animals were videotaped visiting the nectaries of the inflorescences in short hovering flight. Nectarivorous bats caught in front of the inflorescences were Anoura cultrata and Hylonycteris underwoodi (both Phyllostomidae: Glossophaginae). Furthermore, we provide a short overview on inflorescence architecture within the genus Marcgravia with a special focus on functional morphology in chiropterophilous species.

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11

Welty, N., C. Radovich, T. Meulia, and E. van der Knaap. "Inflorescence development in two tomato species." Canadian Journal of Botany 85, no. 1 (2007): 111–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b06-154.

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The inflorescence of tomato has been characterized as either a cyme or raceme. Cymose inflorescences are determinate, whereas racemose inflorescences are indeterminate. In this study, we addressed the discrepancy in inflorescence architecture by analyzing the morphology of a wild relative of tomato Solanum pimpinellifolium L. and four domesticated Solanum lycopersicum L. lines. Careful observation of developing inflorescences of both species showed a bifurcation of the meristem into a determinate floral and an indeterminate inflorescence meristem. Interestingly, higher fruit carpel number was

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12

Kipp, Larry R. "The flight directionality of honeybees foraging on real and artificial inflorescences." Canadian Journal of Zoology 65, no. 3 (1987): 587–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z87-091.

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An examination of the flight directionality, the change in direction between arrival and departure, of Apis mellifera (Apidae) workers foraging on artificial inflorescences and on inflorescences of Echinops sphaerocephalus L. (Compositae) is reported. Thirty-seven circular, artificial inflorescences, each with three feeding tubes separated by 120° located on the perimeter were used. At the beginning of each visit all tubes contained 2 ± 0.2 μL of 1.2 M sucrose solution. Bees locating the tubes would probe one or more of them, then depart to another artificial inflorescence and repeat the forag

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13

Zhong, Jinshun, G. Wilma van Esse, Xiaojing Bi, et al. "INTERMEDIUM-M encodes an HvAP2L-H5 ortholog and is required for inflorescence indeterminacy and spikelet determinacy in barley." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 118, no. 8 (2021): e2011779118. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2011779118.

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Inflorescence architecture dictates the number of flowers and, ultimately, seeds. The architectural discrepancies between two related cereals, barley and wheat, are controlled by differences in determinacy of inflorescence and spikelet meristems. Here, we characterize two allelic series of mutations named intermedium-m (int-m) and double seed1 (dub1) that convert barley indeterminate inflorescences into wheat-like determinate inflorescences bearing a multifloreted terminal spikelet and spikelets with additional florets. INT-M/DUB1 encodes an APETALA2-like transcription factor (HvAP2L-H5) that

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14

Boss, Paul K., Lekha Sreekantan, and Mark R. Thomas. "A grapevine TFL1 homologue can delay flowering and alter floral development when overexpressed in heterologous species." Functional Plant Biology 33, no. 1 (2006): 31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/fp05191.

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Grapevines (Vitis vinifera L.) have unusual plant architecture in that the shoot apical meristem produces both vegetative structures and primordia that are capable of forming inflorescences at regular intervals. These primordia are termed ‘uncommitted’ and differentiate into inflorescences or tendrils depending on the environment in which they are produced. To investigate the molecular relationship between tendrils and inflorescences and vine architecture, we cloned a TFL1 homologue from grapevine (VvTFL1). VvTFL1 is expressed in shoot apices early in latent bud development and in buds soon af

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15

McSteen, Paula, and Sarah Hake. "barren inflorescence2 regulates axillary meristem development in the maize inflorescence." Development 128, no. 15 (2001): 2881–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/dev.128.15.2881.

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Organogenesis in plants is controlled by meristems. Shoot apical meristems form at the apex of the plant and produce leaf primordia on their flanks. Axillary meristems, which form in the axils of leaf primordia, give rise to branches and flowers and therefore play a critical role in plant architecture and reproduction. To understand how axillary meristems are initiated and maintained, we characterized the barren inflorescence2 mutant, which affects axillary meristems in the maize inflorescence. Scanning electron microscopy, histology and RNA in situ hybridization using knotted1 as a marker for

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16

Huang, Xiuzheng, Lei Liu, Xiaojing Qiang, Yuanfa Meng, Zhiyong Li, and Fan Huang. "Integrated Multi-Omics Analysis to Reveal the Molecular Mechanisms of Inflorescence Elongation in Medicago sativa." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 25, no. 12 (2024): 6497. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms25126497.

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The morphological architecture of inflorescence influences seed production. The regulatory mechanisms underlying alfalfa (Medicago sativa) inflorescence elongation remain unclear. Therefore, in this study, we conducted a comparative analysis of the transcriptome, proteome, and metabolome of two extreme materials at three developmental stages to explore the mechanisms underlying inflorescence elongation in alfalfa. We observed the developmental processes of long and short inflorescences and found that the elongation capacity of alfalfa with long inflorescence was stronger than that of alfalfa w

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17

Caselli, Francesca, Fabio Zanarello, Martin M. Kater, Raffaella Battaglia, and Veronica Gregis. "Crop reproductive meristems in the genomic era: a brief overview." Biochemical Society Transactions 48, no. 3 (2020): 853–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bst20190441.

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Modulation of traits beneficial for cultivation and yield is one of the main goals of crop improvement. One of the targets for enhancing productivity is changing the architecture of inflorescences since in many species it determines fruit and seed yield. Inflorescence shape and organization is genetically established during the early stages of reproductive development and depends on the number, arrangement, activities, and duration of meristems during the reproductive phase of the plant life cycle. Despite the variety of inflorescence architectures observable in nature, many key aspects of inf

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18

Jia, Yongpeng, Kaixiang Li, Haidong Liu, Lingxiong Zan, and Dezhi Du. "Characterization of the BnA10.tfl1 Gene Controls Determinate Inflorescence Trait in Brassica napus L." Agronomy 9, no. 11 (2019): 722. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy9110722.

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Determinate inflorescences have a significant effect on the genetic improvement of rapeseed, so understanding the molecular function underlying the inflorescence trait may be beneficial to oilseed breeding. A previous study found candidate gene BnTFL1 (Terminal Flower 1) for control of the inflorescence trait on Brassica napus chromosome A10 (16,627–16,847 kb). However, little is known about the function of the BnTFL1 gene in B. napus. In this study, we firstly studied the formation of the shoot apical meristem and gene expression in indeterminate and determinate inflorescences; the results sh

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19

Robbertse, Hannes, Jaco Fivaz, and Chris Menzel. "A Reevaluation of Tree Model, Inflorescence Morphology, and Sex Ratio in Lychee (Litchi Chinensis Sonn.)." Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 120, no. 6 (1995): 914–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/jashs.120.6.914.

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The architecture of the lychee tree and the structure of the inflorescence are described according to the terminology of Hallè et al. and Weberling. The lychee tree has rhythmic modular growth and the inflorescence is a heterocladic pleiothyrsoid. Additional paracladia may develop from a second serial bud below the first-order paracladia. Male and female flowers are borne at variable positions on the dichasia. The relation between the position and gender of the flowers on the partial inflorescences (dichasia) varied with cultivar and time.

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Owens, Shirley A., Frank W. Ewers, Stanley L. Flegler, and Karen L. Klomparens. "Architecture of cauliflory in the genus Cercis (Fabaceae : Caesalpinioideae)." Canadian Journal of Botany 73, no. 8 (1995): 1270–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b95-138.

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Cercis is a genus with a geographically disjunct distribution in North America, southern Europe, and eastern Asia. The architecture of cauliflory (flowering from the lower branch and trunk areas of woody plants) was examined in 10 taxa, including 9 of the 11 recognized species in the genus Cercis. In each taxon, a linear series of first-order buds (distinguished as 1) was formed in the axils of vegetative leaves before shoot elongation ceased. The first-order bud developed into either a vegetative shoot or more frequently into an inflorescence. Inflorescences matured and then abscised. Second-

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Humphries, Shelley A., and John F. Addicott. "Regulation of the mutualism between yuccas and yucca moths: intrinsic and extrinsic patterns of fruit set." Canadian Journal of Botany 82, no. 5 (2004): 573–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b04-029.

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In plants that produce many more flowers than fruit, nonrandom patterns of fruit set arise from (1) factors intrinsic to inflorescence architecture, such as flower position or timing in the blooming sequence, and (2) factors extrinsic to the plant, such as pollinator visitation patterns. Here, we address how intrinsic and extrinsic factors drive fruit set in the interaction between Yucca kanabensis McKelvey and its pollinating moths. On inflorescences from which moths were excluded and all flowers were hand pollinated, the flowers most likely to produce fruit were (1) flowers from the first of

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Weberling, Focko. "The Architecture of Inflorescences in the Myrtales." Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 75, no. 1 (1988): 226. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2399476.

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Wan, Wei, Haifei Zhao, Kunjiang Yu, et al. "Exploration into Natural Variation Genes Associated with Determinate and Capitulum-like Inflorescence in Brassica napus." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 24, no. 16 (2023): 12902. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms241612902.

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Brassica napus is a globally important vegetable and oil crop. The research is meaningful for the yield and plant architecture of B. napus. In this study, one natural mutant line with determinate and capitulum-like inflorescence was chosen for further study. Genetic analysis indicated that the segregation patterns of inflorescences in the F2 populations supported a digenic inheritance model, which was further approved via the BSA-Seq technique. The BSA-Seq method detected two QTL regions on C02 (14.27–18.41 Mb) and C06 (32.98–33.68 Mb) for the genetic control of determinate inflorescences in M

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Pellegrini, Marco O. O., and Charles N. Horn. "Two peculiar new species of Heteranthera Ruiz & Pavón (Pontederiaceae) from Brazil, with notes on inflorescence architecture in the family." PhytoKeys 82 (June 29, 2017): 35–56. https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.82.13752.

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Two new and peculiar species of Heteranthera are herein described. Heteranthera catharinensis is unique in the genus due to its glomerulate, many-flowered inflorescences, in which the flowers are restricted to the base and apex of the cincinni. It also possesses the biggest flowers in the H. reniformis Ruiz & Pavón species complex, with glabrous perianth lobes, medial filament, and style. On the other hand, Heteranthera pumila is described as the smallest known species of Pontederiaceae, with its dwarf stature, petiolate leaves with especially diminute blades, inflorescences 1–2–(3)-flower

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Wilson, Trevor C., Jean M. Gerrath, and Usher Posluszny. "Morphological and anatomical development in the Vitaceae. VIII. Comparative development of three Cyphostemma (Vitaceae) species reveals important vegetative and reproductive differences among the species." Canadian Journal of Botany 84, no. 5 (2006): 702–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b06-017.

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Vegetative and floral development of Cyphostemma simulans (C.A. Small) Wild & Drummond, Cyphostemma juttae (Dinter & Gilg) Descoings, and Cyphostemma mappia (Lam) Galet were compared using epi-illumination light microscopy and paraffin sectioning. Cyphostemma simulans is a liana with leaf-opposed tendrils and inflorescences, which both arise from the shoot apical meristem, whereas the other two species are shrubs that lack tendrils and their main shoot terminates in an inflorescence. A shoot apical meristem of C. simulans can be overtopped by an inflorescence, making the architecture a

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Danziger, Nadav, and Nirit Bernstein. "Shape Matters: Plant Architecture Affects Chemical Uniformity in Large-Size Medical Cannabis Plants." Plants 10, no. 9 (2021): 1834. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants10091834.

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Since plant organs sense their environment locally, gradients of micro-climates in the plant shoot may induce spatial variability in the physiological state of the plant tissue and hence secondary metabolism. Therefore, plant architecture, which affects micro-climate in the shoot, may considerably affect the uniformity of cannabinoids in the Cannabis sativa plant, which has significant pharmaceutical and economic importance. Variability of micro-climates in plant shoots intensifies with the increase in plant size, largely due to an increase in inter-shoot shading. In this study, we therefore f

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Coen, Enrico S., and Jacqueline M. Nugent. "Evolution of flowers and inflorescences." Development 1994, Supplement (1994): 107–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/dev.1994.supplement.107.

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Plant development depends on the activity of meristems which continually reiterate a common plan. Permutations around this plan can give rise to a wide range of morphologies. To understand the mechanisms underlying this variation, the effects of parallel mutations in key developmental genes are being studied in different species. In Antirrhinum, three of these key genes are: (1) floricaula (flo) a gene required for the production of flowers (2) centroradialis (cen), a gene controlling flower position (3) cycloidea (cyc), a gene controlling flower symmetry. Several plant species, exhibiting a r

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Levin, Geoffrey A. "Resurrection of Drypetes nienkui (Putranjivaceae), endemic to Hainan, China." PhytoKeys 206 (September 12, 2022): 129–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.206.87737.

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Drypetes nienkui (Putranjivaceae), described from Hainan, China, has long been treated as a synonym of D. indica. Both species belong to a distinctive group of Asian species characterized by perulate buds that give rise to shoots bearing flowers or inflorescences proximally and leaves distally, 2–3-carpellate ovaries, and elongate styles. However, D. nienkui fundamentally differs from D. indica in inflorescence architecture and fruiting pedicel length; these or other characters also distinguish D. nienkui from the remaining species in this group. Drypetes nienkui therefore deserves recognition

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Levin, Geoffrey A. "Resurrection of Drypetes nienkui (Putranjivaceae), endemic to Hainan, China." PhytoKeys 206 (September 12, 2022): 129–36. https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.206.87737.

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Drypetes nienkui (Putranjivaceae), described from Hainan, China, has long been treated as a synonym of D. indica. Both species belong to a distinctive group of Asian species characterized by perulate buds that give rise to shoots bearing flowers or inflorescences proximally and leaves distally, 2–3-carpellate ovaries, and elongate styles. However, D. nienkui fundamentally differs from D. indica in inflorescence architecture and fruiting pedicel length; these or other characters also distinguish D. nienkui from the remaining species in this group. Drypetes nienkui therefore deserves recognition

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Hirabayashi, Yuimi, Hiroshi S. Ishii, and Gaku Kudo. "Significance of nectar distribution for bumblebee behaviour within inflorescences, with reference to inflorescence architecture and display size." Écoscience 13, no. 3 (2006): 351–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.2980/i1195-6860-13-3-351.1.

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Doebley, J., A. Stec, and C. Gustus. "teosinte branched1 and the origin of maize: evidence for epistasis and the evolution of dominance." Genetics 141, no. 1 (1995): 333–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/genetics/141.1.333.

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Abstract Two quantitative trait loci (QTL) controlling differences in plant and inflorescence architecture between maize and its progenitor (teosinte) were analyzed. Complementation tests indicate that one of these, which is on chromosome arm 1L, is the locus for the maize mutant teosinte branched1 (tb1). This QTL has effects on inflorescence sex and the number and length of internodes in the lateral branches and inflorescences. This QTL has strong phenotypic effects in teosinte background but reduced effects in maize background. The second QTL, which is on chromosome arm 3L, affects the same

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Bochkova, I. Yu, and Yu A. Khokhlacheva. "Ground cover plants research for objects of landscape architecture." FORESTRY BULLETIN 25, no. 1 (2021): 53–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.18698/2542-1468-2021-1-53-63.

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This article presents the results of work on the selection of groundcover plants (both light-loving and shade-tolerant) that are promising and very promising for use on landscape architecture objects. The work was carried out during 2018 on the basis of the collection Fund of the laboratory of ornamental plants of the Main Botanical garden (MBG RAS), on two experimental sites located on the main territory of the MBG RAS, in the collection-exhibition «Shadow garden» and on the exhibition area «Decorative perennials». A total of 225 plants were selected during the study. During the growing seaso

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Li, Kun, Juan M. Debernardi, Chengxia Li, et al. "Interactions between SQUAMOSA and SHORT VEGETATIVE PHASE MADS-box proteins regulate meristem transitions during wheat spike development." Plant Cell 33, no. 12 (2021): 3621–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/plcell/koab243.

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Abstract Inflorescence architecture is an important determinant of crop productivity. The number of spikelets produced by the wheat inflorescence meristem (IM) before its transition to a terminal spikelet (TS) influences the maximum number of grains per spike. Wheat MADS-box genes VERNALIZATION 1 (VRN1) and FRUITFULL 2 (FUL2) (in the SQUAMOSA-clade) are essential to promote the transition from IM to TS and for spikelet development. Here we show that SQUAMOSA genes contribute to spikelet identity by repressing MADS-box genes VEGETATIVE TO REPRODUCTIVE TRANSITION 2 (VRT2), SHORT VEGETATIVE PHASE

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Ma, Yan-Qin, Zuo-Qian Pu, Xiao-Min Tan, et al. "SEPALLATA-like genes of Isatis indigotica can affect the architecture of the inflorescences and the development of the floral organs." PeerJ 10 (March 1, 2022): e13034. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.13034.

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Background The architecture of inflorescence and the development of floral organs can influence the yield of seeds and have a significant impact on plant propagation. E-class floral homeotic MADS-box genes exhibit important roles in regulation of floral transition and differentiation of floral organs. Woad (Isatis indigotica) possesses unique inflorescence, floral organs and fruit. However, very little research has been carried out to determine the function of MADS-box genes in this medicinal cruciferous plant species. Results SEPALLATA orthologs in I. indigotica were cloned by degenerate PCR.

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Wijayani, Suprih, Herry Wirianata, and Sri Gunawan. "Frond Base Fracture and Dynamics of Palm Oil Inflorescence Applied With Different Nutrient Sources." AJARCDE | Asian Journal of Applied Research for Community Development and Empowerment 6, no. 1 (2022): 25–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.29165/ajarcde.v6i1.84.

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Frond base fracture is an increasingly common phenomenon in oil palm plantations caused by various stress factors. This study aimed to determine the incidence of frond base fracture in the plantation where different nutrient sources were applied (palm oil mill effluent, oil palm EFB, and organic fertilizers) in relation to the dynamics of oil palm inflorescence. The incidence of frond base fracture and the production of male and female inflorescences were observed in 30 sample trees for each nutrient source. Observations were made three times with an interval monthly. To reveal the research ob

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TORTOSA, R. D., L. AAGESEN, and G. M. TOURN. "Morphological studies in the tribe Colletieae (Rhamnaceae): analysis of architecture and inflorescences." Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 122, no. 4 (1996): 353–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8339.1996.tb02081.x.

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TORTOSA, R. "Morphological studies in the tribe Colletieae (Rhamnaceae): analysis of architecture and inflorescences." Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 122, no. 4 (1996): 353–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/bojl.1996.0067.

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Ishii, Hiroshi S., Yuimi Hirabayashi, and Gaku Kudo. "Combined effects of inflorescence architecture, display size, plant density and empty flowers on bumble bee behaviour: experimental study with artificial inflorescences." Oecologia 156, no. 2 (2008): 341–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00442-008-0991-4.

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Manrique, Silvia, James Friel, Pietro Gramazio, Tomas Hasing, Ignacio Ezquer, and Aureliano Bombarely. "Genetic insights into the modification of the pre-fertilization mechanisms during plant domestication." Journal of Experimental Botany 70, no. 11 (2019): 3007–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jxb/erz231.

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Abstract Plant domestication is the process of adapting plants to human use by selecting specific traits. The selection process often involves the modification of some components of the plant reproductive mechanisms. Allelic variants of genes associated with flowering time, vernalization, and the circadian clock are responsible for the adaptation of crops, such as rice, maize, barley, wheat, and tomato, to non-native latitudes. Modifications in the plant architecture and branching have been selected for higher yields and easier harvests. These phenotypes are often produced by alterations in th

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Virág, Eszter, Géza Hegedűs, Ágnes Nagy, József Péter Pallos, and Barbara Kutasy. "Temporal Shifts in Hormone Signaling Networks Orchestrate Soybean Floral Development Under Field Conditions: An RNA-Seq Study." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 26, no. 13 (2025): 6455. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms26136455.

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Floral ontogeny in soybean (Glycine max) is governed by multilayered regulatory hierarchies that integrate phytohormonal cues with precisely choreographed gene-expression programs. Yet, the transcriptomic architecture underpinning this continuum remains only partially resolved. Here, we generated a strand-specific, high-depth temporal transcriptome atlas of soybean inflorescences spanning four morphologically defined stadiums (Stadium 0–Stadium 3). We detected transcriptional activity for 60,889 loci; pairwise stadium contrasts revealed 4000–7000 differentially expressed genes, with the most e

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Scopece, Giovanni, Nicola Criscuolo, and Salvatore Cozzolino. "In nomen omen: the effect of flower distance on female reproductive success of the lax-flowered orchid Anacamptis laxiflora (Orchidaceae)." Journal of Plant Ecology 14, no. 3 (2021): 451–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jpe/rtab002.

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Abstract Aims In multiflowered species, the architecture of inflorescences is of primary importance in shaping plant attractiveness. The aim of this study was to disentangle the role of inflorescence traits in plant female reproductive success and pollination patterns along the inflorescence in the lax-flowered orchid Anacamptis laxiflora, a terrestrial species exploiting a deceptive pollination strategy. We also evaluated whether the relationship between inflorescence traits and female reproductive success was modified by the height of surrounding vegetation and/or by population density. Meth

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Galli, Mary, Qiujie Liu, Britney L. Moss, et al. "Auxin signaling modules regulate maize inflorescence architecture." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 112, no. 43 (2015): 13372–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1516473112.

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In plants, small groups of pluripotent stem cells called axillary meristems are required for the formation of the branches and flowers that eventually establish shoot architecture and drive reproductive success. To ensure the proper formation of new axillary meristems, the specification of boundary regions is required for coordinating their development. We have identified two maize genes, BARREN INFLORESCENCE1 and BARREN INFLORESCENCE4 (BIF1 and BIF4), that regulate the early steps required for inflorescence formation. BIF1 and BIF4 encode AUXIN/INDOLE-3-ACETIC ACID (Aux/IAA) proteins, which a

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Rutishauser, Rolf, and Meinhard Grubert. "The architecture of Mourera fluviatilis (Podostemaceae): developmental morphology of inflorescences, flowers, and seedlings." American Journal of Botany 86, no. 7 (1999): 907–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2656607.

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Remphrey, William R., Grant A. Bartlett, and Campbell G. Davidson. "Shoot morphology and fate of buds in relation to crown location in young Fraxinus pennsylvanica var. subintegerrima." Canadian Journal of Botany 80, no. 12 (2002): 1274–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b02-120.

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The relationships between shoot size and morphological patterns and crown location were investigated in 6-year-old green ash (Fraxinus pennsylvanica var. subintegerrima (Vahl) Fern.). In general, shoots were shorter in the inner part of the crown compared with either the top or bottom near the periphery. The differences were related to a reduction in both metamer number and length. In some cases the lower crown location was similar to the upper; in other cases it was similar to the inside. The fate of buds along a shoot was generally dependent on shoot position in the crown. A greater proporti

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Nishikawa, Yoko. "The function of multiple flowers of a spring ephemeral, Gagea lutea (Liliaceae), with reference to blooming order." Canadian Journal of Botany 76, no. 8 (1998): 1404–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b98-120.

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Flowering pattern, seed-set success, and allocation to male and female functions of a spring ephemeral lily, Gagea lutea, were compared within individual inflorescences. Although the number of flowers increased with plant size and anthesis was extended as the number of flowers increased from one to four, the total number of seeds produced per plant did not increase with the number of flowers under natural conditions. The later-blooming flowers were smaller in size than the earlier ones within an inflorescence, and the ratio of stamen dry weight to pistil dry weight in the later flowers was hig

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Slovin, Janet P., and Jasmine C. Booker. "The Short Inflorescence Mutation in Diploid Strawberry Fragaria vesca Affects Inflorescence Architecture and Runner Elongation." HortScience 59, no. 4 (2024): 465–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci17652-23.

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Mutants are useful for determining the genes that underlie a given trait. This information is highly useful for developing molecular markers for breeding and is the foundational knowledge required for future genomic crop improvements. The dessert strawberry, Fragaria ×ananassa, is a valuable crop with high potential for increased use in controlled environment agriculture. The genome of the woodland strawberry Fragaria vesca is the dominant genome of the four diploid strawberry subgenomes that contribute to the octoploid F. ×ananassa genome. F. vesca is therefore a useful reference system for d

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Bernardo, Karla Annielle da Silva, Francisco Rodrigues Freire Filho, Valdenir Queiroz Ribeiro, Paulo Fernando de Melo Jorge Vieira, Ângela Celis de Almeida Lopes, and Rosana Mendes de Moura Oliveira. "Incorporation of compound inflorescences and selection of high-yielding progenies in cowpea." Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira 53, no. 10 (2018): 1150–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0100-204x2018001000008.

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Abstract: The objective of this work was to obtain cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) progenies with compound inflorescences, short peduncles, early cycle, good plant architecture, and high-yielding potential. The initial genetic material consisted of 453 F2:3 progenies, selected from ten crosses and evaluated using Federer’s augmented block design, with two controls. Of these, 60 progenies from the F4:5 and F4:6 generations were selected and assessed in two consecutive experiments, both in a 8x8 lattice design with four controls and four replicates. Early selection was efficient at fixing the evaluat

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Zango, O., C. Littardi, J. C. Pintaud, and H. Rey. "COMPARATIVE STUDY OF ARCHITECTURE AND GEOMETRY OF THE DATE PALM MALE AND FEMALES INFLORESCENCES." Acta Horticulturae, no. 994 (June 2013): 175–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.17660/actahortic.2013.994.17.

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Vassilevska-Ivanova, Roumiana, Boris Kraptchev, Ira Stancheva, and Maria Geneva. "A compact sunflower line produced after cross Helianthus annuus x Verbesina encelioides." Open Life Sciences 8, no. 5 (2013): 492–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/s11535-013-0147-8.

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AbstractIntergeneric cross was made between the cultivated sunflower inbred line HA89 and an accession of wild Verbesina encelioides tolerant to drought and high temperature. The line was a BC2F5 progeny. The most remarkable feature of the plants was their compact architecture due to short petiole length and also, rather specific bright-yellow inflorescences. Similar plant architecture did not exist in either the wild or the cultivated parent. For sunflower, it is considered as a favourable and potentially useful adaptive trait. The line was multi-branched of medium type branching and possesse

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Berghage, Robert D., Royal D. Heins, Meriam Karlsson, John Erwin, and William Carlson. "Pinching Technique Influences Lateral Shoot Development in Poinsettia." Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 114, no. 6 (1989): 909–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/jashs.114.6.909.

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Abstract Lateral shoot growth and plant morphology of poinsettia (Euphorbia pulcherrima Willd.) were influenced by the pinching technique used for apical meristem removal. Plants were pinched in one of four ways: 1) soft (removal of the apical meristem plus stem and leaf tissue associated with leaves ≤2 cm long); 2) medium (removal of the apical meristem plus stem and leaf tissue associated with leaves up to 7 cm long); 3) hard (removal of the apical meristem plus stem and leaf tissue associated with all immature leaves); and 4) leaf removal (LR; soft pinch as defined above plus removal of all

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