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Journal articles on the topic 'Influenza Epidemic, 1918-1919 – United States'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 10 December 2022

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Azambuja, Maria Inês Reinert, and Bruce B. Duncan. "Similarities in mortality patterns from influenza in the first half of the 20th century and the rise and fall of ischemic heart disease in the United States: a new hypothesis concerning the coronary heart disease epidemic." Cadernos de Saúde Pública 18, no. 3 (2002): 557–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0102-311x2002000300002.

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The classic risk factors for developing coronary heart disease (CHD) explain less than 50% of the decrease in mortality observed since 1950. The transition currently under way, from the degenerative to the infectious-inflammatory paradigm, requires a new causal interpretation of temporal trends. The following is an ecological study based on data from the United States showing that in men and women an association between the age distribution of mortality due to influenza and pneumonia (I&P) associated with the influenza pandemic in 1918-1919 in the 10-49-year age bracket and the distributio

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2

Frankel, Lee K., and Louis I. Dublin. "INFLUENZA MORTALITY AMONG WAGE EARNERS AND THEIR FAMILIES: A PRELIMINARY STATEMENT OF RESULTS." Hygeia - Revista Brasileira de Geografia Médica e da Saúde 5, no. 8 (2009): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.14393/hygeia516946.

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Whites rather than colored people were attacked by the pandemic of influenza and the young rather than the old, a reversal of usual conditions. These conclusions are based on the accurate figures obtainable from nearly 18,000,000 policies in force and 105,552 claims. The following is a brief statement of some of the basic findings of an investigation which has been made into the epidemic of influenza. It is limited to the policyholders of the Industrial Department of the Metropolitan Life Insurance Company and covers the period from October 1, 1918 to June 30, 1919. It should be noted in this

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3

Tate, Steven, Jamie J. Namkung, and Andrew Noymer. "Did the 1918 influenza cause the twentieth century cardiovascular mortality epidemic in the United States?" PeerJ 4 (October 4, 2016): e2531. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.2531.

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During most of the twentieth century, cardiovascular mortality increased in the United States while other causes of death declined. By 1958, the age-standardized death rate (ASDR) for cardiovascular causes for females was 1.84 times that for all other causes,combined(and, for males, 1.79×). Although contemporary observers believed that cardiovascular mortality would remain high, the late 1950s and early 1960s turned out to be the peak of a roughly 70-year epidemic. By 1988 for females (1986 for males), a spectacular decline had occurred, wherein the ASDR for cardiovascular causes was less than

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4

Eggo, Rosalind M., Simon Cauchemez, and Neil M. Ferguson. "Spatial dynamics of the 1918 influenza pandemic in England, Wales and the United States." Journal of The Royal Society Interface 8, no. 55 (2010): 233–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsif.2010.0216.

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There is still limited understanding of key determinants of spatial spread of influenza. The 1918 pandemic provides an opportunity to elucidate spatial determinants of spread on a large scale. To better characterize the spread of the 1918 major wave, we fitted a range of city-to-city transmission models to mortality data collected for 246 population centres in England and Wales and 47 cities in the US. Using a gravity model for city-to-city contacts, we explored the effect of population size and distance on the spread of disease and tested assumptions regarding density dependence in connectivi

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Lyu, Shupeng, Chen Qian, Aaron McIntyre, and Ching-Hung Lee. "One Pandemic, Two Solutions: Comparing the U.S.-China Response and Health Priorities to COVID-19 from the Perspective of “Two Types of Control”." Healthcare 11, no. 13 (2023): 1848. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/healthcare11131848.

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After three years of global rampage, the COVID-19 epidemic, the most serious infectious disease to occur worldwide since the 1918 influenza pandemic, is nearing its end. From the global experience, medical control and social control are the two main dimensions in the prevention and control of COVID-19. From the perspective of “two types of control”, namely medical control and social control, this paper finds that the political system, economic structure, and cultural values of the United States greatly limit the government’s ability to impose social control, forcing it to adopt medical control

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Dube, Derek, Tracie M. Addy, Maria R. Teixeira, and Linda M. Iadarola. "Enhancing Student Learning on Emerging Infectious Diseases: An Ebola Exemplar." American Biology Teacher 80, no. 7 (2018): 493–500. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/abt.2018.80.7.493.

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Throughout global history, various infectious diseases have emerged as particularly relevant within an era. Some examples include the Bubonic plague of the fourteenth century, the Spanish Influenza pandemic of 1918, the HIV epidemic of the 1980s, and the Zika virus outbreak in 2015–16. These instances of emerging infectious disease represent ideal opportunities for timely, relevant instruction in natural and health science courses through case studies. Such instructional approaches can promote student engagement in the material and encourage application and higher-order thinking. We describe h

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7

Stern, Alexandra Minna, Martin S. Cetron, and Howard Markel. "The 1918–1919 Influenza Pandemic in the United States: Lessons Learned and Challenges Exposed." Public Health Reports 125, no. 3_suppl (2010): 6–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/00333549101250s303.

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8

Navarro, J. Alexander, and Howard Markel. "Politics, Pushback, and Pandemics: Challenges to Public Health Orders in the 1918 Influenza Pandemic." American Journal of Public Health 111, no. 3 (2021): 416–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.2105/ajph.2020.305958.

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During the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States, many state governors faced an increasing number of acts of defiance as well as political and legal challenges to their public health emergency orders. Less well studied are the similar acts of protest that occurred during the 1918–1919 influenza pandemic, when residents, business owners, clergy, and even local politicians grew increasingly restless by the ongoing public health measures, defied public health edicts, and agitated to have them rescinded. We explore several of the themes that emerged during the late fall of 1918

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9

Økland, Helene, and Svenn-Erik Mamelund. "Race and 1918 Influenza Pandemic in the United States: A Review of the Literature." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 16, no. 14 (2019): 2487. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16142487.

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During epidemics, the poorest part of the population usually suffers the most. Alfred Crosby noted that the norm changed during the 1918 influenza pandemic in the US: The black population (which were expected to have higher influenza morbidity and mortality) had lower morbidity and mortality than the white population during the autumn of 1918. Crosby’s explanation for this was that black people were more exposed to a mild spring/summer wave of influenza earlier that same year. In this paper, we review the literature from the pandemic of 1918 to better understand the crossover in the role of ra

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10

Noymer, Andrew, and Michel Garenne. "The 1918 Influenza Epidemic's Effects on Sex Differentials in Mortality in the United States." Population and Development Review 26, no. 3 (2000): 565–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1728-4457.2000.00565.x.

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11

Girouard, Kim, and Susan Lamb. "Scientific Medicine in the Time of Cholera: the Johns Hopkins Ethos and US Friendly Power in North China, 1919." European Journal for the History of Medicine and Health 78, no. 1 (2021): 96–127. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/26667711-bja10003.

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Abstract Vashti Bartlett, a Johns Hopkins nurse and member of the American Red Cross Commission to Siberia, was part of a global expansion of United States (US) influence before and after World War I. Through close examination of Bartlett’s extensive personal archives and her experiences during a 1919 cholera epidemic in Harbin, North China, we show how an individual could embody a “friendly” or “capillary” form of imperialist US power. Significantly, we identify in Bartlett yet another form that US friendly power could take: scientific medicine. White, wealthy, female, and American, in the co

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Stern, Alexandra Minna, Mary Beth Reilly, Martin S. Cetron, and Howard Markel. "“Better off in School”: School Medical Inspection as a Public Health Strategy during the 1918–1919 Influenza Pandemic in the United States." Public Health Reports 125, no. 3_suppl (2010): 63–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/00333549101250s309.

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13

Grant, William B., and Edward Giovannucci. "The possible roles of solar ultraviolet-B radiation and vitamin D in reducing case-fatality rates from the 1918–1919 influenza pandemic in the United States." Dermato-Endocrinology 1, no. 4 (2009): 215–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.4161/derm.1.4.9063.

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14

Lovic-Obradovic, Suzana, Vladimir Krivosejev, and Anatoliy Yamashkin. "Utilization of hot spot analysis in the detection of spatial determinants and clusters of the Spanish flu mortality." Journal of the Geographical Institute Jovan Cvijic, SASA 70, no. 3 (2020): 289–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/ijgi2003289l.

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The Spanish flu appeared at the end of the First World War and spread around the world in three waves: spring-summer in 1918, which was mild; autumn fatal wave, in the same year; and winter wave in 1919, which also had great consequences. From the United States of America, as the cradle of its origin, the Spanish flu spread to all the inhabited continents, and it did not bypass Serbia either. Research on the Spanish flu, as the deadliest and most widespread pandemic in the human history, was mostly based on statistical researches. The development of the geographic information systems and spati

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Holmes, Laurens, Michael Enwere, Janille Williams, et al. "Black–White Risk Differentials in COVID-19 (SARS-COV2) Transmission, Mortality and Case Fatality in the United States: Translational Epidemiologic Perspective and Challenges." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 12 (2020): 4322. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17124322.

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Background: Social and health inequities predispose vulnerable populations to adverse morbidity and mortality outcomes of epidemics and pandemics. While racial disparities in cumulative incidence (CmI) and mortality from the influenza pandemics of 1918 and 2009 implicated Blacks with survival disadvantage relative to Whites in the United States, COVID-19 currently indicates comparable disparities. We aimed to: (a) assess COVID-19 CmI by race, (b) determine the Black–White case fatality (CF) and risk differentials, and (c) apply explanatory model for mortality risk differentials. Methods: COVID

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16

Saunders, John. "Editorial." International Sports Studies 42, no. 2 (2020): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.30819/iss.42-2.01.

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In my last editorial I was contemplating living the new and unexpected experience of life with Covid 19. Six months ago, was a time for contemplation. We were all entering into an event of major historical significance. The world has experienced epidemics before, and we had only to turn to the works of writers such as Camus to realise how recurrent human behaviour is. We tend so often to be caught by surprise despite the lessons that are so readily available to us through reference to history. The Spanish ‘flu epidemic of 1919 was the obvious benchmark to which we could turn. Following hot on

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17

Foster, Grant, Bret D. Elderd, Robert L. Richards, and Tad Dallas. "Estimating R0 from early exponential growth: Parallels between 1918 influenza and 2020 SARS-CoV-2 pandemics." PNAS Nexus, September 17, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/pnasnexus/pgac194.

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Abstract The large spatial scale, geographical overlap, and similarities in transmission mode between the 1918 H1N1 influenza and 2020 SARS-CoV-2 pandemics together provide a novel opportunity to investigate relationships between transmission of two different diseases in the same location. To this end we use initial exponential growth rates in a Bayesian hierarchical framework to estimate the basic reproductive number, R0, of both disease outbreaks in a common set of 43 cities in the United States. By leveraging multiple epidemic time series across a large spatial area we are able to better ch

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18

Shepherd, John Robert. "Reassessing the Mortality Impact of the 1918 Influenza Pandemic in China." Modern China, August 10, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/00977004231189278.

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In accounts of the worldwide impact of the 1918 influenza pandemic, China remains a black hole of missing data. In the absence of systematically collected nationwide death statistics, scholars have used scattered and often impressionistic reports to suggest that the epidemic had only a mild impact in China and, in some cases, to raise the possibility that the epidemic originated in China. These works rely heavily on conclusions drawn from anecdotal reports of customs officers, a medical report from Canton, and uncritical use of Shanghai and Hong Kong crude death rates, which are shown herein t

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19

Milbrath, Gwyneth. "A New Approach to Preparing Nurses for War: The Army School of Nursing." OJIN: The Online Journal of Issues in Nursing 24, no. 3 (2019). http://dx.doi.org/10.3912/ojin.vol24no03man04.

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War and human conflict have historically propelled the profession of nursing forward, due to the intense demand for large numbers of efficient, high-quality nurses to care for injured troops. This article begins with an overview of nursing in the United States Army and Navy Nurse Corps and the influences of war on the advancement of American nursing, with a specific focus on the Army School of Nursing. As a response to the need for nurses in World War I, the Army School of Nursing was a novel approach to educating new nurses to be quickly mobilized in wartime and to provide nursing care at bas

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20

Muscatello, David, and Peter McIntyre. "1363Just a flu? Comparing COVID-19 and influenza mortality." International Journal of Epidemiology 50, Supplement_1 (2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ije/dyab168.466.

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Abstract Background Benchmarks are needed for assessing the severity of the COVID-19 pandemic. However, comparisons can be misleading unless marked differences in age-specific mortality and differences in population age structure are considered. Methods Using COVID-19 death rates for New York City as at 2 June 2020, we used indirect age standardization to estimate standardized mortality ratios (SMR) for the first winter waves of the 1918 and 2009 influenza pandemics and the severe 2017-2018 influenza season in the United States (US). Data were obtained from published statistics. Results After

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21

kandula, Venkata dinesh kumar. "INFLUENZA : A COMPLETE OVERVIEW." GLOBAL JOURNAL FOR RESEARCH ANALYSIS, December 15, 2020, 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.36106/4802551.

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● At first haemophilus influenza was considered as the causative agent for influenza but after the research it has been found that it caused various other types of infections but not influenza. Influenza was caused by some flu virus which was first isolated from pigs in 1931 and from humans in 1933.(4) ● The 1918 influenza pandemic was the most severe pandemic in recent history it was caused by an H1N1 virus with the genes of avian origin although there is not universal consensus regarding where the virus originated it spread worldwide during 1918 and 1919. (3) ● It was first identified in mil

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kandula, Venkata dinesh kumar. "INFLUENZA : A COMPLETE OVERVIEW." GLOBAL JOURNAL FOR RESEARCH ANALYSIS, December 15, 2020, 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.36106/gjra/4802551.

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● At first haemophilus influenza was considered as the causative agent for influenza but after the research it has been found that it caused various other types of infections but not influenza. Influenza was caused by some flu virus which was first isolated from pigs in 1931 and from humans in 1933.(4) ● The 1918 influenza pandemic was the most severe pandemic in recent history it was caused by an H1N1 virus with the genes of avian origin although there is not universal consensus regarding where the virus originated it spread worldwide during 1918 and 1919. (3) ● It was first identified in mil

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23

Mijwil, Maad M., Abdel-Hameed Al-Mistarehi, Deeb Jamil Zahran, Safwan Alomari, and Ruchi Doshi. "Spanish Flu (Great Influenza) 1918: The Tale of The Most deadly Pandemic in History." Asian Journal of Applied Sciences 10, no. 2 (2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.24203/ajas.v10i2.6949.

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The epidemic is an imminent danger that all humans fear, as it does not differentiate between anyone, whether small or old, rich or poor. It is characterized by its ability and super speed to conquer the world and its primary goal is to target humans and eradicate their lives. In this article, the authors decided to provide a brief historical overview of the Spanish flu pandemic, where it initiated and how it influenced the people of the earth and review a set of images about events that occurred in the United States of America in 1918. All facts in this article are collected from a group of p

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Dicke, Tom. "Living With the Flu: Public Health and Civic Life During the Spanish Influenza Pandemic of 1918." Journal of the History of Medicine and Allied Sciences, June 30, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jhmas/jrac026.

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Abstract Most studies of how United States cities responded to the first deadly wave of Spanish influenza focus on the ways public health officials and their allies reacted to the crisis. This study expands our understanding of the pandemic by focusing on how members of the public responded to those efforts to contain the flu. It does so through a close look at social and civil life in a small city in the southern Midwest during the thirty-two days the flu was epidemic there. Shifting the focus in this way brings previously obscured gaps in the public health response into the light. Specifical

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Morabia, Alfredo. "The US Public Health Service House-to-House Canvass Survey of the Morbidity and Mortality of the 1918 Influenza Pandemic." American Journal of Public Health, December 8, 2020, e1-e8. http://dx.doi.org/10.2105/ajph.2020.306025.

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Between November 20, 1918, and March 12, 1919, the US Public Health Service carried out a vast population-based survey to assess the incidence rate and mortality of the influenza pandemic among 146 203 persons in 18 localities across the United States. The survey attempted to retrospectively assess all self-reported or diagnosed cases of influenza since August 1, 1918. It indicated that the cumulative incidence of symptomatic influenza over 6 months had been 29.4% (range = 15% in Louisville, KY, to 53.3% in San Antonio, TX). The overall case fatality rate (CFR) was 1.70%, and it ranged from 0.

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26

Mamelund, Svenn-Erik, Bjørn Haneberg, and Siri Mjaaland. "A Missed Summer Wave of the 1918–1919 Influenza Pandemic: Evidence From Household Surveys in the United States and Norway." Open Forum Infectious Diseases 3, no. 1 (2016). http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofw040.

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Abstract Background. Reanalysis of influenza survey data from 1918 to 1919 was done to obtain new insights into the geographic and host factors responsible for the various waves. Methods. We analyzed the age- and sex-specific influenza morbidity, fatality, and mortality for the city of Baltimore and smaller towns and rural areas of Maryland and the city of Bergen (Norway), using survey data. The Maryland surveys captured the 1918 fall wave, whereas the Bergen survey captured 3 waves during 1918–1919. Results. Morbidity in rural areas of Maryland was higher than in the city of Baltimore during

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Chamberlain, Adam, and Alixandra B. Yanus. "Do pandemics spawn extremism?" Politics and the Life Sciences, August 30, 2022, 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/pls.2022.14.

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Abstract Scholars and journalists connect pandemics to a rise in support for radical political movements. In this study, we draw on this insight to investigate the relationship between the 1918–1919 Spanish influenza pandemic and political extremism—here, the rise of the second Ku Klux Klan—in the United States. Specifically, we ask whether U.S. states and cities with higher death rates from the Spanish flu also had stronger Ku Klux Klan organizations in the early 1920s. Our results do not provide evidence of such a connection; in fact, the data suggest greater Klan membership where the pandem

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28

Singleton, Patrick A., Mark Taylor, Christopher Day, Subhadipto Poddar, Sirisha Kothuri, and Anuj Sharma. "Impact of COVID-19 on Traffic Signal Systems: Survey of Agency Interventions and Observed Changes in Pedestrian Activity." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, July 22, 2021, 036119812110263. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/03611981211026303.

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The COVID-19 pandemic, the most significant public health crisis since the 1918–1919 influenza epidemic, is the first such event to occur since the development of modern transportation systems in the twentieth century. Many states across the U.S. imposed lockdowns in early spring 2020, which reduced demand for trips of various types and affected transportation systems. In urban areas, the shift resulted in a reduction in traffic volumes and an increase in bicycling and walking in certain land use contexts. This paper seeks to understand the changes occurring at signalized intersections as a re

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29

Kenner, Alison. "The Healthy Asthmatic." M/C Journal 16, no. 6 (2013). http://dx.doi.org/10.5204/mcj.745.

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Tiffany is running down a suburban street with headphones and a hoodie on. Her breath is clearly audible, rhythmic, steady, and in pace with her footsteps. The Tiffany’s Story video testimonial on the Be Smart. Be Well. website then cuts to Tiffany sitting at home describing her earlier experiences with asthma: “The hospital became like my second home... I couldn’t breathe on my own.” Dr. Wolf, who has been treating Tiffany since she was diagnosed with asthma at age 8, joins in, “At that time she had really severe asthma. It was very difficult to manage and remained very difficult to manage fo

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