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Academic literature on the topic 'Influenza viruses HEALTH SCIENCES'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 1 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Influenza viruses HEALTH SCIENCES"

1

Perdue, Michael L., and David E. Swayne. "Public Health Risk from Avian Influenza Viruses." Avian Diseases 49, no. 3 (2005): 317–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1637/7390-060305r.1.

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Katz, J. M., V. Veguilla, J. A. Belser, et al. "The public health impact of avian influenza viruses." Poultry Science 88, no. 4 (2009): 872–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.3382/ps.2008-00465.

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Katz, J. M. "The Impact of Avian Influenza Viruses on Public Health." Avian Diseases 47, s3 (2003): 914–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1637/0005-2086-47.s3.914.

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Xu, Beibei, Zhiying Tan, Kenli Li, Taijiao Jiang, and Yousong Peng. "Predicting the host of influenza viruses based on the word vector." PeerJ 5 (July 18, 2017): e3579. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.3579.

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Newly emerging influenza viruses continue to threaten public health. A rapid determination of the host range of newly discovered influenza viruses would assist in early assessment of their risk. Here, we attempted to predict the host of influenza viruses using the Support Vector Machine (SVM) classifier based on the word vector, a new representation and feature extraction method for biological sequences. The results show that the length of the word within the word vector, the sequence type (DNA or protein) and the species from which the sequences were derived for generating the word vector all influence the performance of models in predicting the host of influenza viruses. In nearly all cases, the models built on the surface proteins hemagglutinin (HA) and neuraminidase (NA) (or their genes) produced better results than internal influenza proteins (or their genes). The best performance was achieved when the model was built on the HA gene based on word vectors (words of three-letters long) generated from DNA sequences of the influenza virus. This results in accuracies of 99.7% for avian, 96.9% for human and 90.6% for swine influenza viruses. Compared to the method of sequence homology best-hit searches using the Basic Local Alignment Search Tool (BLAST), the word vector-based models still need further improvements in predicting the host of influenza A viruses.

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Zhang, Ying, Qianyi Zhang, Yuwei Gao, et al. "Key Molecular Factors in Hemagglutinin and PB2 Contribute to Efficient Transmission of the 2009 H1N1 Pandemic Influenza Virus." Journal of Virology 86, no. 18 (2012): 9666–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.00958-12.

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Animal influenza viruses pose a clear threat to public health. Transmissibility among humans is a prerequisite for a novel influenza virus to cause a human pandemic. A novel reassortant swine influenza virus acquired sustained human-to-human transmissibility and caused the 2009 influenza pandemic. However, the molecular aspects of influenza virus transmission remain poorly understood. Here, we show that an amino acid in hemagglutinin (HA) is important for the 2009 H1N1 influenza pandemic virus (2009/H1N1) to bind to human virus receptors and confer respiratory droplet transmissibility in mammals. We found that the change from glutamine (Q) to arginine (R) at position 226 of HA, which causes a switch in receptor-binding preference from human α-2,6 to avian α-2,3 sialic acid, resulted in a virus incapable of respiratory droplet transmission in guinea pigs and reduced the virus's ability to replicate in the lungs of ferrets. The change from alanine (A) to threonine (T) at position 271 of PB2 also abolished the virus's respiratory droplet transmission in guinea pigs, and this mutation, together with the HA Q226R mutation, abolished the virus's respiratory droplet transmission in ferrets. Furthermore, we found that amino acid 271A of PB2 plays a key role in virus acquisition of the mutation at position 226 of HA that confers human receptor recognition. Our results highlight the importance of both the PB2 and HA genes on the adaptation and transmission of influenza viruses in humans and provide important insights for monitoring and evaluating the pandemic potential of field influenza viruses.

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Wang, G., G. Deng, J. Shi, et al. "H6 Influenza Viruses Pose a Potential Threat to Human Health." Journal of Virology 88, no. 8 (2014): 3953–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.03292-13.

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Jackson, Sara, Neal Van Hoeven, Li-Mei Chen, et al. "Reassortment between Avian H5N1 and Human H3N2 Influenza Viruses in Ferrets: a Public Health Risk Assessment." Journal of Virology 83, no. 16 (2009): 8131–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.00534-09.

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ABSTRACT This study investigated whether transmissible H5 subtype human-avian reassortant viruses could be generated in vivo. To this end, ferrets were coinfected with recent avian H5N1 (A/Thailand/16/04) and human H3N2 (A/Wyoming/3/03) viruses. Genotype analyses of plaque-purified viruses from nasal secretions of coinfected ferrets revealed that approximately 9% of recovered viruses contained genes from both progenitor viruses. H5 and H3 subtype viruses, including reassortants, were found in airways extending toward and in the upper respiratory tract of ferrets. However, only parental H5N1 genotype viruses were found in lung tissue. Approximately 34% of the recovered reassortant viruses possessed the H5 hemagglutinin (HA) gene, with five unique H5 subtypes recovered. These H5 reassortants were selected for further studies to examine their growth and transmissibility characteristics. Five H5 viruses with representative reassortant genotypes showed reduced titers in nasal secretions of infected ferrets compared to the parental H5N1 virus. No transmission by direct contact between infected and naïve ferrets was observed. These studies indicate that reassortment between H5N1 avian influenza and H3N2 human viruses occurred readily in vivo and furthermore that reassortment between these two viral subtypes is likely to occur in ferret upper airways. Given the relatively high incidence of reassortant viruses from tissues of the ferret upper airway, it is reasonable to conclude that continued exposure of humans and animals to H5N1 alongside seasonal influenza viruses increases the risk of generating H5 subtype reassortant viruses that may be shed from upper airway secretions.

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Fearnley, Lyle. "Viral Sovereignty or Sequence Etiquette? Asian Science, Open Data, and Knowledge Control in Global Virus Surveillance." East Asian Science, Technology and Society 14, no. 3 (2020): 479–505. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/18752160-8698019.

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Abstract On several occasions, the People’s Republic of China refused to share influenza viruses isolated on their territory with the World Health Organization pandemic flu surveillance system. Scholars in STS and allied disciplines have described these disputes as examples of growing conflict between global health norms of free exchange and Asian state claims of viral sovereignty. However, the discussion has largely overlooked the fact that laboratories in China freely shared genetic sequence data from isolated viruses, even when they refused to ship physical samples, a fact that complicates the opposition of open data and viral sovereignty with the different material forms of the physical sample and the nucleotide sequence. This article provides a comprehensive comparison of the heterogeneous circulations of influenza virus samples and virus gene sequences in global health influenza surveillance and argues this difference is rooted in the different knowledge-control regimes designed for exchanging samples and sequences. Engaging with debates on the position of Asian science within global scientific circulations, the article suggests that Asian scientists confront a multiplicity of global scientific infrastructures and do not necessarily rely on the authority of nation-state sovereignty to reshape global exchanges.

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Gibbs, E. Paul J., and Tara C. Anderson. "Equine and canine influenza: a review of current events." Animal Health Research Reviews 11, no. 1 (2010): 43–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1466252310000046.

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AbstractIn the past decade, the pandemics of highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 and the novel H1N1 influenza have both illustrated the potential of influenza viruses to rapidly emerge and spread widely in animals and people. Since both of these viruses are zoonotic, these pandemics have been the driving force behind a renewed commitment by the medical and veterinary professions to practice One World, One Health for the control of infectious diseases. The discovery in 2004 that an equine origin H3N8 influenza virus was the cause of an extensive epidemic of respiratory disease in dogs in the USA came as a surprise; at that time dogs were thought to be refractory to infection with influenza viruses. In 2007, a second emerging canine influenza was confirmed in Korea, but this time the causal virus was an H3N2 avian influenza virus. This review focuses on recent events associated with equine and canine influenza viruses. While these viruses do not appear to be zoonotic, the close association between humans and dogs, and to a lesser extent horses, demands that we develop better surveillance and control strategies for emerging diseases in companion animals within the context of One World, One Health.

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Fleming, Douglas Munro. "Influenza diagnosis and treatment: a view from clinical practice." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B: Biological Sciences 356, no. 1416 (2001): 1933–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2001.1008.

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Influenza is a descriptive term for respiratory epidemic disease presenting with cough and fever. Influenza viruses are probably the most important of the pathogens that cause this condition. Clinical influenza occurs almost every winter in England and Wales and the outbreaks last 8–10 weeks. In recent years, influenza B virus outbreaks have occurred in January and February, whereas influenza H3N2 virus outbreaks have generally started long before Christmas. Influenza H3N2 virus outbreaks pressurize health service resources in winter more than influenza B viruses, that do not have the same impact in elderly people. Infections with influenza H1N1 viruses are also usually less severe in their impact than those with influenza H3N2 viruses, but, unlike influenza B viruses, influenza H1N1 viruses have a pandemic potential along with influenza H3N2 viruses. A diagnosis of respiratory infection in primary care is based on the presenting symptoms set within the context of the current pattern of consultations of patients with similar illness. Measurement of temperature, inspection of the throat and examination of the chest or ears add a little to the diagnostic process, but in general these procedures do not help in identifying the organism. However, if it is known that influenza viruses are circulating in the community, the probability of influenza as the cause is greatly increased, as was shown in clinical trials of neuraminidase antivirals. Maximum confusion occurs when respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and influenza cocirculate. Although RSV infection can occur throughout the winter in young children, it assumes more of an epidemic character just before Christmas in children and possibly in adults just after. During seven of the last 20 winters, influenza has been prevalent around Christmas/New Year. In routine virological surveillance of influenza–like illness in the community during the winters of 1997, 1998 and 1999, ca . 30% of swab specimens yielded influenza viruses and 20% RSV. Given the limitations for routine surveillance, including variations in the interval between illness onset and specimen capture, the quality of swab, delays in transport, the growth properties of virus culture methods, etc., these figures probably underestimate the impact of both viruses in the community. The impact of influenza is considered against the background of total respiratory infections presenting to general practitioners over the last 10 years and some comparisons are made with the 1969 pandemic experience. Lessons relevant to pandemic planning are drawn. Current options for investigation and treatment are compared with those available in 1969. These include near–patient tests for assisting with diagnosis, widespread use of vaccination as a preventive in patients at increased risk, the availability of amantadine and the newer neuraminidase inhibitor antivirals and changes in the delivery of health care. Major advances in the understanding of influenza and improvements in investigation and treatment have taken place over the last 30 years. However, there are many obstacles before these can be translated into effective management of influenza sufferers and control of major epidemics.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Influenza viruses HEALTH SCIENCES"

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Beck, Melinda Annetta. "Regulation of cell-mediated immunity during reinfection with influenza virus /." The Ohio State University, 1987. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487324944212867.

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Leibler, Jessica H. "Characterizing the contribution of industrial food animal production to the transmission and emergence of influenza A viruses." Thesis, The Johns Hopkins University, 2014. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3579515.

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<p> The goal of my dissertation is to characterize the contribution of industrial food animal production to between-farm transmission of zoonotic influenza A viruses and transmission of these viruses from industrial food animals to humans. The intention of this research is to improve the capacity of public health policies in the United States to prevent the emergence of pandemic influenza viruses.</p><p> Preventing and controlling outbreaks within animal populations and avoiding human infection with zoonotic influenza A viruses can reduce the risk of emergence of pandemic influenza viruses in human populations. Industrial food animal production, which dominates the market in the United States and much of the developed world – and increasingly, the developing world as well – has long been considered biosecure. However, emerging research indicates that these industrial systems are vulnerable to disease incursions and suggests that they may play a central role in driving the emergence of zoonotic diseases. The implications of these industrial systems for human influenza risk, particularly the emergence of novel zoonotic influenza A viruses, remains largely unaddressed in the current literature and in health policy strategies in the United States. </p><p> Chapter 1 of this dissertation outlines my research goals and provides background on my central research themes and topics. Chapter 2 documents the limits of biosecurity within industrial systems, highlighting risks to food animal workers. Chapter 3 details a cross-sectional serology study of a cohort of industrial poultry workers and community members (n=99) in the Delmarva Peninsula, a tri-state area of intense poultry production in the Mid-Atlantic region of the United States. No evidence of infection with avian influenza viruses is observed in this population.</p><p> Chapter 4 contains a quantitative modeling study to estimates risk of between-farm transmission of avian influenza viruses among industrial poultry farms. This study concluded that company affiliation was a significant source of exposure risk from vehicular transmission. Chapter 5 is a policy analysis of the limitations of current pandemic preparedness policy in the United States to adequately incorporate primary prevention. The central results of this dissertation, their significance to public health and opportunities for further research are highlighted in Chapter 6.</p>

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Huneycutt, Brandon Scott. "Functional characterization and distribution of lymphokine secreting cells following influenza virus infection /." The Ohio State University, 1990. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487683049375098.

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Smith, Tammie. "The 2009 H1N1 influenza A “swine flu” virus presentation in Virginia 2009." VCU Scholars Compass, 2009. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/1990.

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Objective: 2009 H1N1 influenza was first detected in the Northern Hemisphere in April 2009. National data have suggested that the novel influenza virus disproportionately causes severe illness in children and young adults, a somewhat different presentation from traditional seasonal flu which normally strikes hardest in the very young and older adults. This may or may not be the case in Virginia, which, if it is different, may suggest a need to alter flu prevention messages and vaccine policy as the outbreak continues through the fall 2009-10 influenza season. This report examined the early presentation of the new influenza virus in Virginia, compared with the seasonal flu presentation. Methods: Surveillance data of influenza-like illness (ILI) visits to hospital emergency departments and urgent care centers for the period Oct. 2008 to Aug. 2009 were obtained from the Virginia Department of Health. The period from Oct. 2008-March 2009 was considered to be the normal flu season, while April-Aug. 2009 was considered as the 2009 (novel) H1N1 flu season. Descriptive statistics looked for differences by age, region and sex with respect to the proportion of visits that were for influenza-like illness compared to all reported illness for the normal and H1N1 flu seasons. Chi square and p-values were used to assess the level and significance of differences between flu seasons. Results: While the 2009 H1N1 influenza was a novel virus that, like all influenza viruses, could mutate and change into a form causing more severe illness, during the early months of the epidemic/pandemic, the virus did not appear to cause more illness as a percent of all illness compared to the preceding months of influenza in Virginia. Though it was unexpected to have influenza-like illness in the amount seen during April-August 2009, with several exceptions the level of flu-like illness compared to all illness was not higher than during the normal flu season immediately preceding the appearance of the 2009 H1N1 influenza. Conclusion: During the early months of the novel influenza H1N1 epidemic/pandemic in Virginia, the novel influenza virus caused levels of illness that were lower than levels of illness seen during the preceding normal flu season. Further study that examines the novel influenza virus through the end of the 2009-10 season may help to quantify the impact of the new virus. Flu-like illness reports spiked, for instance, as schools and colleges returned for fall 2009 semesters.

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Wu, Cheng Ying. "Characterization of innate immune response to «Nicotiana benthamiana»-derived Influenza H5 virus-like particles." Thesis, McGill University, 2013. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=119400.

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Current influenza vaccine manufacturing processes using chicken-embryonated egg technology is a time-consuming and laborious process, and is currently the major drawback in counteracting pandemic influenza strain. One solution to that problem is the use of plants to generate vaccine antigen. Virus-like particles (VLP), produced from the tobacco plant Nicotiana benthamiana, represent a cost-effective, alternative platform for influenza vaccine production. Previous studies have shown that the immunization with VLP expressing the hemagglutinin (HA) protein from influenza virus H5N1 (H5-VLP) produced in N. benthamianainduce protective immunity against challenge of cross-clade virus in mice and ferrets. In this study, we used human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) to characterize the innate immune response to plant-derived influenza H5-VLP ex vivo. We successfully demonstrate the mitogenic property of H5-VLP on PBMC ex vivo. Furthermore, we detect up-regulation of activation marker in B cells and NK cells, and some T cells. Cytokine profile of the supernatant from VLP-stimulated sample suggests that inflammatory response dominates the innate immunity within first 48 hours and is produced by CD14+ monocytes. Our study demonstrates that tobacco plant-derived influenza VLP are capable of generating innate immune responses in naïve human PBMC, helping us to better understand the immunostimulatory nature of this potential vaccine candidate.<br>A l'heure actuelle, la plupart des vaccins contre les infections par le virus influenza sont produits à partir d'œufs de poule fécondés. Ce procédé long et fastidieux constitue l'un des principaux obstacles à la production rapide d'un vaccin lors d'une pandémie. Une solution à ce problème consiste en l'utilisation de plantes afin de générer les antigènes nécessaires à l'élaboration du vaccin. Les pseudovirus ou Virus-like particles (VLP) produites à partir de la plante de tabac Nicotiana benthamiana représentent une alternative moins couteuse et plus rapide pour la production de vaccins antigrippaux. Des études préalables ont démontré qu'une immunisation avec les VLP exprimant l'hémagglutinine (HA) du virus influenza H5N1 (H5-VLP) induisaient une immunité protective lors d'une infection par ce virus chez la souris et le furet. Dans notre étude, nous avons utilisé les cellules mononuclées du sang périphérique humain (PBMC) afin de préciser la réponse immunitaire innée suite à l'exposition ex vivo aux H5-VLP produites dans N. benthamiana. Nous avons démontré les propriétés mitogéniques des H5-VLP sur les PBMC ainsi qu'une activation des lymphocytes B, des cellules NK et de certaines sous populations de lymphocytes T. L'analyse des cytokines sécrétées dans le surnageant des PBMC exposés ex vivo aux VLP suggère qu'une réponse pro-inflammatoire prédomine 48h après exposition et semble résulter essentiellement d'une activation des monocytes CD14+. Notre étude démontre que les VLP produites à partir de la plante de tabac génèrent une réponse immunitaire innée dans les PBMC provenant de patients naïfs, nous permettant ainsi de mieux comprendre les propriétés immunostimulantes de ce nouveau type de vaccin.

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Vo, Ho Hong Hai. "Élaboration de nouvelles stratégies thérapeutiques à l'encontre du virus de la grippe." Phd thesis, Université Claude Bernard - Lyon I, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00903685.

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Les virus influenza provoquent chaque année la grippe saisonnière qui peut toucher 5 à 15 % de la population. Les médicaments antiviraux sont un moyen important complémentaire à la vaccination pour le traitement et la prévention de la grippe. Actuellement, deux classes d'antiviraux ont été approuvées, l'une pour inhiber l'étape de décapsidation (l'inhibiteur du canal ionique M2), et l'autre pour empêcher la libération de néo-virions (l'inhibiteur de la neuraminidase). Cependant, de plus en plus de virus sont nativement résistants aux inhibiteurs de la protéine M2. Des virus résistants aux inhibiteurs de la neuraminidase ont également circulé durant les hivers 2008 - 2009. Le développement de nouveaux médicaments afin de substituer ou de compléter ces inhibiteurs est donc crucial dans la lutte contre les virus de la grippe. L'accent mis ces dernières années sur l'activité biologique des sucres (oligosaccharides/polysaccharides) montre une voie pour l'étude de l'activité antivirale d'une des plus importantes biosources. Dans le but d'évaluer le potentiel antigrippal des molécules dérivées de sucres, nous avons effectué un criblage à partir d'une bibliothèque de 245 composés de polysaccharides et d'oligosaccharides, dont la plupart proviennent d'algues et de végétaux supérieurs. Plusieurs molécules actives réparties dans différentes familles de sucres ont été mises en évidence. Parmi les candidats d'intérêt, l'oligosaccharide sulfaté 152, appartenant à la famille des arabinogalactanes de l'espèce Codium fragile, a présenté une activité inhibitrice vis-à-vis des deux virus influenza de type A et de type B in vitro. Le mécanisme d'action de cet oligosaccharide a été caractérisé. Il montre que les deux glycoprotéines de surface, l'hémagglutinine et la neuraminidase, sont les cibles virales de cette molécule

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Romijn, Phyllis Catharina. "Studies on porcine influenza viruses." Thesis, University of Surrey, 1989. http://epubs.surrey.ac.uk/847965/.

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A number of different cell cultures were examined for their susceptibility to the influenza virus A/swine/Weybridge/86(H1N1) and A/swine/Weybridge/87(H3N2). PK1 (porcine kidney) was found to be the most susceptible to the viruses, and MDCK (canine kidney), the best cell line for primary isolation. A method of infectivity assay by immunoperoxidase in microplate cultures of MDCK cells was developed which was simple enough for routine use and practically as sensitive as the egg infectivity test. The potential risks of accidental importation of influenza infection in pig was assessed by determining the survival time of the porcine influenza virus H1N1 in pig tissues. It was found that the virus may keep its infectivity in frozen (-20°C) pig tissues for up to 15 days. The interspecies transmission of porcine influenza viruses was studied using turkeys infected with porcine influenza isolates. Although both A/swine/Weybridge/86 and A/swine/Weybridge/87 were transmitted from infected turkeys to pigs, only A/swine/Weybridge/86(H1N1) infected turkeys presented clinical signs of disease. More than 50% of the pigs presented the virus in the nostrils and/or faeces, at some time during the experiment, and all seroconverted. Transmission from these pigs to newly introduced turkeys was not observed, nor was seroconversion detected. Influenza epidemiology in Brazil was investigated by serological studies using pig sera collected in different areas of that country, using human, porcine and avian isolates of influenza viruses. Highest antibody titres were found against A/Leningrad/86(H3N2) (19%) and A/Port Chalmers/73(H3N2) (17%), but not against specific porcine isolates. Only serological evidence was found to suggest that reassortant influenza viruses occur in English pig herds. However, interspecies transmission of influenza viruses between man and pigs, and the maintenance of human strains in English pig herds was demonstrated by the isolation of two H3N2 influenza viruses very similar to A/Port Chalmers/73, present in the human population in the 1970s.

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Wong, Yuen-ting, and 黃婉婷. "Burden and severity of influenza viruses." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10722/207194.

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Background: The seriousness of human influenza virus infection, in combination with the transmissibility of the virus, determines the impact that the virus will have in a population. However, the uncertainty surrounding the seriousness and changes in seriousness hindered the calibration of the early public health response. Methods: I applied statistical models to population-based mortality data and hospitalizations among patients with laboratory-confirmed H1N1pdm09. I estimated the disease burden, retrospectively and prospectively determined seriousness of influenza virus infections including the risk of death on a per-infection basis (IFR) and on a per-hospitalization (HFR) of H1N1pdm09, and investigated changes in seriousness. I used serologic surveillance data to estimate the cumulative incidence of infection in a population, and used it as the denominator of the IFR. I also conducted systematic reviews and meta-analysis to summarize published estimates of the risk of death among cases (CFR) and HFR of the pandemic influenza H1N1pdm09 virus. Results: I estimated that the first wave of H1N1pdm09 was associated with approximately 232 (95% confidence interval: 136, 328) excess deaths in all ages in Hong Kong, which was around 4 times the observed number of laboratory-confirmed deaths of H1N1pdm09. The point estimates for the IFR and HFR increased substantially with age. I included 77 estimates for the CFR from 50 published studies; whereas I included 187 estimates for the HFR from 184 published studies. The CFR was widely used to assess seriousness but the variation of a ‘case’ varied considerably in the literature. Variability in published estimates of the HFR was much less than variability in the CFR. Conclusions: Early in the next pandemic, estimation of the HFR, IFR or symptomatic CFR may provide a timely picture of the seriousness of infection, particularly if presented in comparison between two influenza virus infections in the same setting. Ongoing monitoring of mortality and influenza activity could permit identification of changes in seriousness of influenza virus infections.<br>published_or_final_version<br>Public Health<br>Doctoral<br>Doctor of Philosophy

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Mamlouk, Aymen. "Etude de la transmission du virus influenza au sein de populations d'Anatidae." Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00656003.

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Les virus influenza A ont suscité à partir de l'année 1997 un intérêtsanitaire et économique mondial considérable après l'émergence d'une formehautement pathogène d'un virus influenza aviaire H5N1. Cette épizootie a misen évidence le danger majeur que constitue la proximité entre espècessensibles sauvages et domestiques. En effet, pouvant présenter lescaractéristiques de réservoirs de ces virus, les canards étaient les plussoupçonnés de transmettre l'infection, grâce à une pratique migratoireimportante et d'un portage asymptomatique fréquent. Ce portage associe dans la plupart des cas des virus faiblement pathogènesde sous-types multiples. Ces virus peuvent se transmettre aux volaillesdomestiques et émerger en épizootie à virus hautement pathogène dans le casparticulier des sous-types H5 et H7. Ces épizooties peuvent avoir desconséquences économiques considérables, avec une mortalité avoisinant les100%, et sanitaire avec un possible passage à l'homme. Notre projet vise à caractériser l'infection et la transmission des virusinfluenza faiblement pathogènes, après inoculation expérimentale à unepopulation de canards de surface et plongeurs. Il répond également à lanécessité d'établir des méthodes de surveillance des virus influenzaaviaires à l'arrivé des oiseaux migrateurs dans des zones humides à richepatrimoine ornithologique, et situées à proximité de régions à fortpotentiel en matière de production avicole (La Dombes comme exemple).

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Noble, Simon. "Studies on DI influenza A viruses and the antigenic characterisation of swine influenza isolates." Thesis, University of Warwick, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.282535.

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Books on the topic "Influenza viruses HEALTH SCIENCES"

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Majumdar, Shyamal K. Pandemic influenza viruses: Science, surveillance and public health. Pennsylvania Academy of Science, 2011.

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A, Orenstein Walter, and SpringerLink (Online service), eds. Vaccines for Pandemic Influenza. Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg, 2009.

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L, Van Etten James, Compans Richard W, Honjō Tasuku, et al., eds. Lesser Known Large dsDNA Viruses. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009.

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Kapoor, Sanjay, and Kuldeep Dhama. Insight into Influenza Viruses of Animals and Humans. Springer, 2016.

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Kapoor, Sanjay, and Kuldeep Dhama. Insight into Influenza Viruses of Animals and Humans. Springer, 2014.

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Influenza and it's [sic] global public health significance. Thajema Publishers, 2006.

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Chilton, Lynn Louise Ambroz. THE INFLUENCE OF BEHAVIORAL CUES ON IMMUNIZATION PRACTICES OF ELDERS (INFLUENZA). 1996.

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Peters, Jennifer Ann. FOSTERING INFLUENZA AND PNEUMOCOCCAL IMMUNIZATION: A NURSING INTERVENTION FOR OLDER ADULTS. 1995.

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The Canadian pandemic influenza plan for the health sector, 2006. Health Canada, Centre for Infectious Disease Prevention & Control, Immunization & Respiratory Infections Division, 2006.

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Alexander, D. J., N. Phin, and M. Zuckerman. Influenza. Edited by I. H. Brown. Oxford University Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198570028.003.0037.

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Influenza is a highly infectious, acute illness which has affected humans and animals since ancient times. Influenza viruses form the Orthomyxoviridae family and are grouped into types A, B, and C on the basis of the antigenic nature of the internal nucleocapsid or the matrix protein. Infl uenza A viruses infect a large variety of animal species, including humans, pigs, horses, sea mammals, and birds, occasionally producing devastating pandemics in humans, such as in 1918 when it has been estimated that between 50–100 million deaths occurred worldwide.There are two important viral surface glycoproteins, the haemagglutinin (HA) and neuraminidase (NA). The HA binds to sialic acid receptors on the membrane of host cells and is the primary antigen against which a host’s antibody response is targeted. The NA cleaves the sialic acid bond attaching new viral particles to the cell membrane of host cells allowing their release. The NA is also the target of the neuraminidase inhibitor class of antiviral agents that include oseltamivir and zanamivir and newer agents such as peramivir. Both these glycoproteins are important antigens for inducing protective immunity in the host and therefore show the greatest variation.Influenza A viruses are classified into 16 antigenically distinct HA (H1–16) and 9 NA subtypes (N1–9). Although viruses of relatively few subtype combinations have been isolated from mammalian species, all subtypes, in most combinations, have been isolated from birds. Each virus possesses one HA and one NA subtype.Last century, the sudden emergence of antigenically different strains in humans, termed antigenic shift, occurred on three occasions, 1918 (H1N1), 1957 (H2N2) and 1968 (H3N2), resulting in pandemics. The frequent epidemics that occur between the pandemics are as a result of gradual antigenic change in the prevalent virus, termed antigenic drift. Epidemics throughout the world occur in the human population due to infection with influenza A viruses, such as H1N1 and H3N2 subtypes, or with influenza B virus. Phylogenetic studies have led to the suggestion that aquatic birds that show no signs of disease could be the source of many influenza A viruses in other species. The 1918 H1N1 pandemic strain is thought to have arisen as a result of spontaneous mutations within an avian H1N1 virus. However, most pandemic strains, such as the 1957 H2N2, 1968 H3N2 and 2009 pandemic H1N1, are considered to have emerged by genetic re-assortment of the segmented RNA genome of the virus, with the avian and human influenza A viruses infecting the same host.Influenza viruses do not pass readily between humans and birds but transmission between humans and other animals has been demonstrated. This has led to the suggestion that the proposed reassortment of human and avian influenza viruses takes place in an intermediate animal with subsequent infection of the human population. Pigs have been considered the leading contender for the role of intermediary because they may serve as hosts for productive infections of both avian and human viruses, and there is good evidence that they have been involved in interspecies transmission of influenza viruses; particularly the spread of H1N1 viruses to humans. Apart from public health measures related to the rapid identification of cases and isolation. The main control measures for influenza virus infections in human populations involves immunization and antiviral prophylaxis or treatment.

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Book chapters on the topic "Influenza viruses HEALTH SCIENCES"

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Cox, Nancy J., Susan C. Trock, and Timothy M. Uyeki. "Public health implications of animal influenza viruses." In Animal Influenza. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118924341.ch5.

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Koçer, Zeynep A., Jeremy C. Jones, and Robert G. Webster. "Emergence of Influenza Viruses and Crossing the Species Barrier." In One Health. ASM Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/9781555818432.ch8.

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Kapoor, Sanjay, and Kuldeep Dhama. "Public Health Importance and Pandemic Potentials/Threats of Influenza Viruses." In Insight into Influenza Viruses of Animals and Humans. Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-05512-1_9.

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Medina, Marie-Jo. "Pandemic Influenza Planning for the Mental Health Security of Survivors of Mass Deaths." In Advanced Sciences and Technologies for Security Applications. Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-27914-5_5.

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Kumar, Devendra, and Jagdev Singh. "New Aspects of Fractional Epidemiological Model for Computer Viruses with Mittag–Leffler Law." In Mathematical Modelling in Health, Social and Applied Sciences. Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-2286-4_9.

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Wanduku, Divine, C. Newman, O. Jegede, and B. Oluyede. "Modeling the Stochastic Dynamics of Influenza Epidemics with Vaccination Control, and the Maximum Likelihood Estimation of Model Parameters." In Mathematical Modelling in Health, Social and Applied Sciences. Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-2286-4_2.

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"Influenza viruses." In Lecture Notes on Emerging Viruses and Human Health. WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789814366922_0004.

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Vittecoq, M., F. Thomas, F. Renaud, and M. Gauthier-Clerc. "Avian Influenza Viruses." In Encyclopedia of Environmental Health. Elsevier, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-409548-9.09137-5.

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Bravo-Vasquez, Nicolas, and Stacey Schultz-Cherry. "Avian Influenza Viruses." In Reference Module in Life Sciences. Elsevier, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-809633-8.20932-1.

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Kakkola, Laura, Niina Ikonen, and Ilkka Julkunen. "Human Influenza A Viruses." In Reference Module in Life Sciences. Elsevier, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-814515-9.00046-1.

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Conference papers on the topic "Influenza viruses HEALTH SCIENCES"

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Nurhayati, Ali Arasyi, Farida Zenal, et al. "Spatial Analysis of Swine Influenza Virus in Pig Farms Based on Active Surveillance from 2016-2017 in West Java Province, Indonesia." In Proceedings of the Conference of the International Society for Economics and Social Sciences of Animal Health - South East Asia 2019 (ISESSAH-SEA 2019). Atlantis Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/isessah-19.2019.28.

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Estoepangestie, Agnes, Krisnoadi Rahardjo, Adi Rahardjo, et al. "Identification of Avian Influenza Virus A/H5 Clade 2.3.2.1 in Asymptomatic Ducks (Anasspecies) at a Live-Poultry Market in East Java, Indonesia." In Proceedings of the Conference of the International Society for Economics and Social Sciences of Animal Health - South East Asia 2019 (ISESSAH-SEA 2019). Atlantis Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/isessah-19.2019.2.

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Ivan, Fransiskus Xaverius, Xinrui Zhou, Akhila Deshpande, Rui Yin, Jie Zheng, and Chee Keong Kwoh. "Phylogenetic Tree based Method for Uncovering Co-mutational Site-pairs in Influenza Viruses." In BCB '17: 8th ACM International Conference on Bioinformatics, Computational Biology, and Health Informatics. ACM, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3107411.3107479.

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Helmi, Teuku Zahrial, Wayan Tunas Artama, Aris Haryanto, and Rumi Sahara Zamzami. "Molecular and Phylogenetic Analysis of Hemaglutinin Gene of Avian Influenza a Viruses Subtype H5N1 Isolate from Quail." In 2nd International Conference on Veterinary, Animal, and Environmental Sciences (ICVAES 2020). Atlantis Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/absr.k.210420.036.

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Huang, Qiqi, and Yiyong Chen. "Wuhan Lockdown: Reflections on the Public Health and Urban Space of COVID-19 Epidemic." In 2020 3rd International Conference on Education Technology and Social Science. Clausius Scientific Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.23977/etss2020022.

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During the outbreak of COVID-19, Wuhan had been first imposed lockdown measures from January 23 to April 8, 2020. After that, no new cases emerged from Hubei Province, and China achieved the first-staged victory in containing the epidemic. As the COVID-19 became a pandemic, Wuhan lockdown has inspired countries around the world. Under the framework of China’s public health system and urban space, this paper combines the data on responses in global affected areas, analyzes the global influence and inspirations of Wuhan lockdown, and compares and contrasts lockdowns and the compound systems in virus epicenter metropolitan areas in China with those in US, Italy and Japan. Finally, the paper proposes a new perspective of "Isolation of metropolitan areas" under the region-city-community networks, to discuss how to create a sustainable and healthy life for mankind by cooperation among the public health system, urban space and social value.

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Wicaksono, Ardilasunu, Chaerul Basri, Etih Sudarnika, and Abdul Zahid. "Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of Bird Sellers on Avian Influenza Control Program in Bird Markets." In Proceedings of the Conference of the International Society for Economics and Social Sciences of Animal Health - South East Asia 2019 (ISESSAH-SEA 2019). Atlantis Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/isessah-19.2019.7.

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Reports on the topic "Influenza viruses HEALTH SCIENCES"

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Health hazard evaluation report: HETA-2010-0019 & 2010-0021-3120, environmental assessment for the presence of influenza viruses (2009 pandemic influenza A H1N1 and seasonal) in dental practices - Ohio. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.26616/nioshheta201000193120.

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