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Journal articles on the topic 'Informal Settlements, Urban Informality, Role of Design'

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1

Kamalipour, Hesam, and Nastaran Peimani. "Towards an Informal Turn in the Built Environment Education: Informality and Urban Design Pedagogy." Sustainability 11, no. 15 (2019): 4163. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11154163.

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Informal urbanism, ranging from informal settlements to trading and transport, has become integral, but not limited, to the ways in which cities of the global South work. At stake here is the role of the built environment professions in responding to informal urbanism where a poor understanding of the complexities of informality can lead to poor design interventions. Providing a better understanding of how forms of informality work is then a key task for the built environment education, which arguably falls short in this regard. With a particular focus on urban design, we suggest that it is cr
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Sheppard, Lola. "Nunavut Urban Futures: Vernaculars, Informality and Tactics (Research Note)." Études Inuit Studies 44, no. 1-2 (2021): 323–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1081808ar.

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The Canadian Arctic, and Nunavut in particular, is one of the fastest-growing regions per capita in the country, raising the question as to what might constitute an emerging Arctic Indigenous urbanism. One of the cultural challenges of urbanizing Canadian North is that for most Indigenous peoples, permanent settlement, and its imposed spatial, temporal, economic, and institutional structures, has been antithetical to traditional ways of life and culture, which are deeply tied to the land and to seasons. For the past seventy-five years, architecture, infrastructure, and settlement form have bee
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Tasbun, Edrik, and Agustinus Sutanto. "URBAN TERABITHIA, RUANG RETREAT KAWASAN TAMBORA." Jurnal Sains, Teknologi, Urban, Perancangan, Arsitektur (Stupa) 2, no. 2 (2020): 2261. http://dx.doi.org/10.24912/stupa.v2i2.8618.

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Tambora District, which is the most densely populated region in Southeast Asia, is one of the informal sectors in the city of Jakarta. The development of an increasingly capitalist city, so that there are imbalances in the formal and informal sectors, causing social, mental, and other problems. Tambora Retreat Spaces with the Urban Accupunchture architecture approach becomes a forum by creating a new environmental reality for the informal sector to help them strengthen their role in the inner city. This project presents Urban zen garden and biophilic design as a passive media retreat and techn
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Kamalipour, Hesam. "FORMS OF INFORMALITY AND ADAPTATIONS IN INFORMAL SETTLEMENTS." International Journal of Architectural Research: ArchNet-IJAR 10, no. 3 (2016): 60. http://dx.doi.org/10.26687/archnet-ijar.v10i3.1094.

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Informal settlements have become integral to the urban imagery of the cities across the global South. Forms of urban informality emerge and grow through some generative processes of self-organisation and incremental adaptations. While formal interventions have often failed to put an end to such a resilient and complex type of urbanism, the desire for eradication and demolishment still prevails. Most of the informal settlements can benefit from incremental upgrading and micro-scale design interventions, which then rely on a sophisticated understanding and analysis of informal morphologies and a
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Samper, Jota, Jennifer A. Shelby, and Dean Behary. "The Paradox of Informal Settlements Revealed in an ATLAS of Informality: Findings from Mapping Growth in the Most Common Yet Unmapped Forms of Urbanization." Sustainability 12, no. 22 (2020): 9510. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12229510.

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Informal settlements are the most common form of urbanization on the planet, accounting for one-third of the total urban form. It is expected that by the mid twenty-first century, up to three billion people will live in informal urban environments. However, we lack a consistent mapping method to pinpoint where that informality is located or how it expands. This paper presents the findings from a collection of standardized measurements of 260 informal settlements across the world. The main research goal is to identify a standard global sample of informal neighborhoods. It then focuses on mappin
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Lima, Mariana Quezado Costa, Clarissa Figueiredo Sampaio Freitas, and Daniel Ribeiro Cardoso. "Invisible informality and the contribution of information modeling to data-based urban regulation." Gestão & Tecnologia de Projetos 17, no. 1 (2021): 199–217. http://dx.doi.org/10.11606/gtp.v17i1.183767.

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Recent studies have established the role of urban planning policies in feeding the growth of informal settlements in Brazilian cities, through the socio-spatial exclusion of low-income residents. The difficulties of reversing this exclusionary logic are due to several complex factors. A factor less discussed in Brazilian literature, which has began to draw the attention of scholars, is the invisibility of the informal city. This research assumes that it is necessary to regulate the urban form of precarious informal settlements, in order to prevent the deterioration of urban environmental quali
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Pojani, Dorina. "The self-built city: theorizing urban design of informal settlements." Archnet-IJAR: International Journal of Architectural Research 13, no. 2 (2019): 294–313. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/arch-11-2018-0004.

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Purpose While a substantial amount of study of informal settlements has been undertaken, they remain largely unstudied in terms of urban form. In this analysis, the purpose of this paper is to set forth a conceptual framework, which considers the context in which informality takes place, the settlement itself, the houses contained therein, the dwellers of those houses and the process through which a settlement is designed and transformed over time. Design/methodology/approach This is a literature review. Findings This framework aims to be sufficiently flexible to be deployed across diverse nat
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Karan Jain, Ruchi Gaur, and Sunakshi Shokeen. "Interior Design Patterns and Sustainable Housing Solutions: Insights from a Slum Community in North-West Delhi, India." International Research Journal on Advanced Engineering and Management (IRJAEM) 2, no. 04 (2024): 747–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.47392/irjaem.2024.0104.

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This scholarly investigation embarks on an in-depth analysis of the multifaceted and complex realm of urban informality, with a particular focus on the intricacies involved in the construction of residential spaces within informal settlements. At the heart of this study lies the transformative urban phenomenon predominantly witnessed in the developing world during the early 21st century. This era has marked a paradigm shift in urban informality, transcending its previous association exclusively with impoverished communities. Informality has now emerged as a predominant and influential model in
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Samper, Jota, and Weichun Liao. "Testing the Informal Development Stages Framework Globally: Exploring Self-Build Densification and Growth in Informal Settlements." Urban Science 7, no. 2 (2023): 50. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/urbansci7020050.

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This article challenges the narrow definition of informal settlements as solely lacking a formal framework, which overlooks the dynamic city-making and urban design processes within these areas. Communities’ self-building processes and areas’ constant growth are indeed informal settlements’ most salient morphological features. The study builds upon the informal development stages (IDS) framework and explores how it applies globally. The research follows a sample of fifty informal settlements with a high change coefficient from the Atlas of Informality (AoI) across five world regions to explore
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Kamalipour, Hesam. "Improvising Places: The Fluidity of Space in Informal Settlements." Sustainability 12, no. 6 (2020): 2293. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12062293.

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This paper engages with how the incremental production of space works in informal settlements. As one of the critical challenges of urbanism in the cities of the global South, informal settlements cannot be simply addressed through ruthless practices of demolition and eviction since they can often be incrementally upgraded on the same site. Such practices of upgrading rely on a sophisticated understanding of how urban morphology and adaptation work in informal settlements. In this paper, I focus on the fluidity of space by drawing on a case study of an informal settlement in Pune, India. The k
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Torres Parra, Camilo Alberto, Yelinca Nalena Saldeño Madero, Mauricio González Méndez, et al. "Evaluation of the Impact of Informal Settlements on the Physical and Mental Health of Residents—Case Study Santa Marta—Bogotá, Colombia." Sustainability 16, no. 5 (2024): 1964. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su16051964.

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The growth of the informal city in Latin America has caused its own dynamics related to urban unsustainability due to the disorderly occupation of the territory. The precarious characteristics of informal neighborhoods have increased the mortality processes in their inhabitants, increasing the poverty and marginality indexes in Latin American urban settlements. This work was developed within the international research project “Modeling informality in Latin America based on indicators of sustainable urban development. Case study Yomasa, Bogotá-Colombia”. This work was developed under the mixed
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Núñez Collado, Jose Rafael, Han-Hsiang Wang, and Tsung-Yi Tsai. "Urban Informality in the Paris Climate Agreement: Content Analysis of the Nationally Determined Contributions of Highly Urbanized Developing Countries." Sustainability 11, no. 19 (2019): 5228. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11195228.

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Climate change related events affect informal settlements, or slums, disproportionally more than other areas in a city or country. This article investigates the role of slums in the nationally determined contributions (NDCs) for the Paris Agreement of a selected group of 28 highly urbanized developing countries. Content analysis and descriptive statistics were used to analyze first the general content in these NDCs and second the proposed role, or lack thereof, of slums in these documents. The results show that for most of the analyzed countries, context-based climate policies for slums are no
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Chrispus, Opakrwoth, and Abdulsalam Ibrahim Shema. "Urban formalities versus informalities: Case study of Katwe informal settlements, Kampala Uganda." Building Engineering 3, no. 1 (2025): 1625. https://doi.org/10.59400/be1625.

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Formal settlements refer to those settlements that comply with legal and regulatory frameworks, while informal settlements, commonly known as slums, arise without official sanction and often lack basic services and infrastructure. Informal settlements are an inherent reality that are integral parts of the urban centers in most developing nations such as the capital city of Uganda, Kampala. Currently, the city is experiencing numerous urban challenges such as inadequate housing, overcrowding, crime, and limited access to basic social services. These challenges have adverse social, economic and
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14

De, Grandis G. "ENVIRONMENTAL CONSEQUENCES OF INFORMAL URBAN EXPANSION: AKURE'S INFORMAL LAND DELIVERY." Sadi International journal of Science, Engineering and Technology 10, no. 3 (2023): 17–26. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8239498.

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In many developing cities, the acquisition of urban land occurs through either formal or informal means. While the informal sector offers a significant portion of land, its complex mechanisms often elude documentation and understanding, often leading to their oversight in developed nations. This study investigates the multifaceted dimensions of informality, spanning social, economic, spatial, and environmental aspects, encompassing neighborhoods, settlements, markets, employment, and business activities. Focusing on Akure, Nigeria, where a substantial proportion of urban households reside in i
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Guerreiro, Paulo. "On Informality - Programmed Spontaneity in Spatial Design." Athens Journal of Architecture 9, no. 4 (2023): 335–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.30958/aja.9-4-1.

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In the history of European-based classical architecture, the concept of formalism has often been understood as a deviation from canonical form. Until the cultural changes introduced by the Romantic movement in the nineteenth century, the repetition of established formal rules was prevalent in architectural theory and practice. However, the last two hundred years have shown an increasing fascination with the possibility of incorporating the features of “architecture without architects” in the discourse and practice of conventional design, progressively codifying them into theoretical and formal
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Karaselnikova, Maria V., Daria M. Maltseva, Nikita M. Iskusov, et al. "Reality vs Regulation: Informal Practices of Spatial Development in Krasnodar, Russia." Городские исследования и практики 8, no. 4 (2023): 36–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.17323/usp84202336-53.

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In the research environment, informal urban development has traditionally been studied in the cities of the Global South. However, in the Eastern European context, informal urban development differs as land use regulation goes through the process of post-socialist transformation. Krasnodar is one of the biggest and fastest growing cities in Russia, where informal construction practices and bottom-up approaches in spatial redevelopment are widely spread despite the strict regulation of housing construction and precise tools for identification of informality. The work presentsa step towards the
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Gottsmann, Donovan, and Amira Osman. "Environments of Change: An Open Building Approach Towards A Design Solution for an Informal Settlement in Mamelodi, South Africa." Open House International 37, no. 1 (2012): 71–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ohi-01-2012-b0007.

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Poor living conditions in informal settlements may be attributed mostly, though not exclusively, to the lack of basic services. Informal settlements, which also go by the name of squatter camps, are volatile by nature. Even within relatively fixed settlement boundaries, change in urban fabric continually manifests through altering dwelling configurations. Deemed unstable and unsafe by formal criteria, these environments disclose schizophrenic characteristics: beyond the dirt, grime and smog, exist relatively functional societies capable of survival and self-regulation. Public and private secto
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Silva, Paulo. "Not So Much about Informality: Emergent Challenges for Urban Planning and Design Education." Sustainability 12, no. 20 (2020): 8450. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12208450.

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This paper addresses the challenges faced by planning and design education programmes when focusing on more sustainable ways of dealing with global changes. While the dominant discourse addresses the fact that planning programmes discuss the Global South through the lens of planning theory and practice from the Global North, the proposal is to shift the debate and recognise that, from a complexity perspective, planning problems are not so different from region to region. The argument is that, although the theory has moved on, when discussing conceptual aspects of planning, spatial planning pra
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Ngcamu, Bethuel Sibongiseni. "Disasters and vulnerabilities in the Foreman and Kennedy road informal settlements: Biographical influences." Journal of Governance and Regulation 1, no. 4 (2012): 39–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.22495/jgr_v1_i4_p3.

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As the towards the end of the homelands in the post-apartheid South Africa, there was a scramble of poverty stricken African black youth to the most severe vulnerable and disaster prone urban areas in search for formal job opportunities. The main purpose of this empirical study is to investigate the extent in which how the biographical profiles (age, gender, marital status, education levels, occupation (males and females), children and tenure) can influence vulnerability and disasters in these informal settlements. A quantitative research design was adopted and a survey method was used, whereb
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Kimemia, David, Ashley Van Niekerk, Harold Annegarn, and Mohamed Seedat. "Passive cooling for thermal comfort in informal housing." Journal of Energy in Southern Africa 31, no. 1 (2020): 28–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/2413-3051/2020/v31i1a7689.

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Energy-poor households in Africa’s burgeoning urban informal settlements are especially likely to suffer from heatwaves because of thermally inefficient dwellings and lack of affordable cooling options. This study utilised a controlled experiment to assess the effectiveness of passive cooling through specially formulated paints (cool coatings) in standard informal structures. The test structures were built to simulate typical shack dwellings in South Africa’s urban informal settlements. Results showed that the mean daily maximum temperatures of the coated structure were up to 4.3 °C lower than
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Boanada-Fuchs, Anthony, Monika Kuffer, and Jota Samper. "A Global Estimate of the Size and Location of Informal Settlements." Urban Science 8, no. 1 (2024): 18. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/urbansci8010018.

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Slums are a structural feature of urbanization, and shifting urbanization trends underline their significance for the cities of tomorrow. Despite their importance, data and knowledge on slums are very limited. In consideration of the current data landscape, it is not possible to answer one of the most essential questions: Where are slums located? The goal of this study is to provide a more nuanced understanding of the geography of slums and their growth trajectories. The methods rely on the combination of different datasets (city-level slum maps, world cities, global human settlements layer, A
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Liu, Ran, and Yuhang Jia. "Resilience and Circularity: Revisiting the Role of Urban Village in Rural-Urban Migration in Beijing, China." Land 10, no. 12 (2021): 1284. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land10121284.

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Recent policies in China have encouraged rural-urban circular migration and an “amphibious” and flexible status of settlement, reacting against the recent risks of economic fluctuation in cities. Rural land, as a form of insurance and welfare, can handle random hazards, and the new Land Management Law guarantees that rural migrants who settle in the city can maintain their rights to farmland, homesteads, and a collective income distribution. Existing studies have pointed out that homeland tenure can reduce migrants’ urban settlement intentions (which is a self-reported subjective perception of
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Wa Teresia, John Ndikaru. "Crime Mitigation Strategies Utilised in Slum Areas of Nairobi, Kenya." East African Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies 6, no. 1 (2023): 1–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.37284/eajis.6.1.1053.

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The increase in urban population, occasioned by the rural-urban migration of young people has resulted in the expansion of informal settlements to accommodate the large numbers of low-income earners and the unemployed. This trend is replicated all across developing economies and in Kenya, it has resulted in the establishment of informal settlements such as Kangemi, Kawangware, Mathare, Mukuru, Korogocho, and Kibera, which is the largest in the whole continent. One of the negative implications of the growth of the informal settlement is the increase in criminal trends as most residents, particu
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Giti, Daniel Mutegi, Owiti A. K'Akumu, and Edwin Oyaro Ondieki. "Enhanced role of private sector through public private partnerships in low income urban housing in Kenya." Journal of Financial Management of Property and Construction 25, no. 2 (2020): 293–312. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jfmpc-07-2019-0057.

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Purpose Low income urban housing in Kenya is underdeveloped as a result of uninnovative financing, hence the many slums and informal settlements in the country, hence the need for enhanced participation of the private sector through application of Public Private Partnerships (PPPs), which has been cited as one of the possible solutions. The purpose of this study was to investigate and make predictions of the need for enhanced role of private sector in developing low income urban housing in Kenya through PPPs. Design/methodology/approach Delphi method of research was used to forecast the enhanc
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Mews, Gregor H., Nina Fredslund Ottosen, William Alpha, and Paul Abu Kargbo. "Transforming Life for Young People." Journal of Public Space 7, no. 1 (2022): 379–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.32891/jps.v7i1.1507.

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The article makes a posteriori contribution as part of the active place-making discourse in the African context within two dimensions: First, it substantiates how public spaces can be transformed when shifting the focus from place-based to a process-oriented approach framed around the empowerment of the human condition to improve subjective wellbeing. Second, it provides rich insights into a case study on several informal settlements in urban Sierra Leone, West Africa, based on our project aspiration to create safe and conducive spaces for one of the most under-prioritized population groups -
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Achieng, Anne, Anthony Idowu Ajayi, and Caroline W. Kabiru. "“Trying not to be seen”: a qualitative study exploring adolescent girls’ experiences seeking antenatal care in a Nairobi informal settlement." BMJ Open 15, no. 6 (2025): e093696. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2024-093696.

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BackgroundAdolescent girls living in low-income urban informal settlements face unique challenges that elevate their susceptibility to early childbearing. However, there has been limited research attention, especially qualitative studies, on their use or non-use of antenatal care (ANC) services. Informed by the socioecological theory, we examined the obstacles to and facilitators of ANC services use among pregnant adolescent girls in a low-income urban informal settlement in Kenya.MethodsThe study adopted a qualitative explanatory design. We purposively selected 22 adolescent girls aged 13–19
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Esposito De Vita, Gabriella, Cristina Visconti, Gantuya Ganbat, and Marina Rigillo. "A Collaborative Approach for Triggering Environmental Awareness: The 3Rs for Sustainable Use of Natural Resources in Ulaanbaatar (3R4UB)." Sustainability 15, no. 18 (2023): 13846. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su151813846.

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Current environmental challenges invite us to deeply revise policies, governance models, and resource management toolkits towards a circular approach, in order to meet Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) requirements. In this framework, circular waste management is one of the pillars of responsible and foresighted planning for territorial sustainability. The “3Rs for a sustainable use of natural resources in Ulaanbaatar” (3R4UB) project aims at transferring a sustainable approach to urban solid waste management, especially focusing on providing effective opportunities for developing circular
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Sharma, Utpal, Parag Mistry, and Reema Prajapati. "Revitalization Strategy for Historic Core of Ahmedabad." International Journal of Environmental Science & Sustainable Development 4, no. 2 (2019): 45. http://dx.doi.org/10.21625/essd.v4i2.555.

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In India, dense historic urban settlements were developed with the intention of provision of spaces for adequate engagement of the people. Public squares and streets became important places of interaction. ‘Historic core,’ especially had public spaces meant for various socioeconomic groups. city is a blend of a harmonious past and a vivacious present. Number of historical and architecturally important buildings were built during Muslim and Moghul rules. One of the first built structures within the walled city is the fort, a citadel founded by sultan Ahmed Shah in 1411 with a huge public square
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Mukanga, Pascal, Bernard Heng, John Gendall, et al. "From Kibera to Kalobeyei." Journal of Public Space 7, no. 1 (2022): 311–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.32891/jps.v7i1.1580.

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Public spaces are key to inclusion and sustainability in urban Africa. Too often, public space is seen as an add-on, to be included at the end when funding or space allows. In this paper, written by two collaborating organisations working on public space in Kenya (and beyond), we argue that public space should be seen less as an optional outcome of sustainable development and more as a necessary and active agent in catalysing such development. We illustrate this with two case studies of public space initiatives in very different settlements. The first case study - in Kibera, Nairobi - demonstr
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Brown, Laura J., Jenevieve Mannell, Laura Washington, Sivuyile Khaula, and Andrew Gibbs. "“Something we can all share”: Exploring the social significance of food insecurity for young people in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa." PLOS Global Public Health 4, no. 5 (2024): e0003137. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgph.0003137.

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Food insecurity remains a pressing global issue and South Africa continues to face socioeconomic inequalities that make securing food a challenge for many young people. To address this challenge, we need better understanding of the social context of food and its importance in driving perceptions and behaviours about food and its scarcity. In this study, we examine the meaning of food for young people living in urban informal settlements and rural villages in KwaZulu-Natal, and investigate how they exert agency in the face of food insecurity. We use qualitative data from 17 photo/video elicitat
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Paul, Devenish. "Connecting cities across infrastructural divides, Case studies from self-build practices in Tshwane east." Environmental Science & Sustainable Development (ESSD) 7, no. 2 (2022). https://doi.org/10.21625/essd.v7i2.912.

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This paper investigates opportunities to connect divided cities by analysing ways in which occupation practices operate alongside, subvert and potentially transform historic, and presently developing urban infrastructure divisions in Tshwane’s eastern urban region. Through a critical theory lens existing and perpetuating conditions of infrastructural segregation are examined in order to understand scenarios through which built environments, as assemblages, maintain conditions of extreme inequality and power. In this respect, urban spatial research projects, analysing formal and informal
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Owen, Ceridwen, Kim Dovey, and Wiryono Raharjo. "Teaching Informal Urbanism: Simulating Informal Settlement Practices in the Design Studio." July 3, 2013. https://doi.org/10.1080/10464883.2013.817164.

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Informal settlements have become the dominant forms and processes of urban development in many cities, yet the task of helping students engage with design issues in such contexts is fraught with difficulties of access, safety and complexity. Drawing on detailed fieldwork in Indonesia, this paper explores ways in which informal settlement formation can be taught in design studio through the use of games. **rewrite end – potential of design games as a pedagogical tactic for teaching about processes of urban informality and broader pedagogical implications of this initiative in the context of arc
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Wu, Yihao. "Housing market with informal density agglomeration: Investigating the form-context transition of urban village in China." Urban Studies, January 30, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1177/00420980241309908.

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The prevailing discourse in urban planning often relegates the concept of ‘urban informality’ to its margins, typically viewing it as an aberration or market failure needing correction rather than a developmental phase warranting integration. While studies and policies of urban redevelopment have shifted from large-scale, clean-sweep practices to less radical, sustainable regeneration approaches, the local variations and fiscal complexity of these informal settlements render it onerous to find an adaptive spatial governance mode. Focussing on urban villages in Shenzhen, China, this study integ
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Chiu, Chihsin. "Greening informality through metabolic coordination: An urban political ecology of governing extralegal housing forms in Taiwan." Urban Studies, November 10, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/00420980231202684.

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Despite its significance in informing inclusive political interventions in informal settlements in different political economic contexts, the urban informality literature falls short in exploring state intervention in or policy responses towards desire-based informal housing forms characterised by extralegal construction. This article uses Kaohsiung City in Taiwan as a case study to explore how the local government has collaborated with the private sector to govern the extralegal construction prevailing in community buildings. These interventions include the use of rooftop solar power systems
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Quintero, Natacha. "INFORMAL ECOLOGY: AN EMERGENT APPROACH TOWARDS LANDSCAPE INTEGRATION IN CARACAS, VENEZUELA." Resourceedings 1, no. 1 (2018). http://dx.doi.org/10.21625/resourceedings.v1i1.181.

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Intended as a contribution to the debate on inclusive cities, this paper proposes that the re-imagination of new city landscapes lies on the integrative sum of its parts. Considering that knowledge about infor- mal systems continues to be a challenge in achieving integrated land- scapes, this study explores how the linking of the fields of urban ecol- ogy and urban informality can lead to systematic approaches towards understanding urban informal ecosystems. In that way, this think- piece theorises on alternatives to approach the socio-natural processes taking place in informal settlements to
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Halligey, Alexandra. "‘Dark’ cities: The role of interdisciplinary work in learning and supporting marginal city spaces." Urban Studies, June 27, 2020, 004209802093099. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0042098020930995.

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This article considers Harold Johnson’s (Hariwe) 2014–2016 research project on ‘Dark City’, an informal vertical settlement in inner-city Johannesburg, as offering a productive arts-orientated, interdisciplinary study of and proposal for planning and design interventions in informally occupied urban spaces. Hariwe used his architectural skills to ‘reverse design’ the building according to its daily use by residents. Collaborators Jono Wood and Dirk Chalmers followed a similar research process with ‘Dark City’, using their own modalities of photography and film. The three exhibited at the Circa
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Mostafa, Magda. "The informal city and the future of our cities: towards a manifesto." Archnet-IJAR: International Journal of Architectural Research ahead-of-print, ahead-of-print (2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/arch-04-2020-0063.

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PurposeThe New Urban Agenda has catalyzed discussion across academia and practice on how to responsibly position ourselves as key players in the making of the future of our cities. With questions such as what is the right to the city? Who has those rights? What is a city? What is formal and who defines informal? These questions may prompt a need for departure from, or at least a reconsideration of the narrative surrounding formal and informal urbanism. This paper presents a pedagogical approach to addressing these and other questions within the framework of the new agenda. It reviews pedagogic
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Bhan, Gautam. "Operationalising social protection: Reflections from urban India." Urban Studies, August 2, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/00420980231186077.

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A global pandemic has brought renewed attention to an old question: what do we owe each other? Calls to engage in thinking about a ‘new social contract’ have emerged rooted both in an intimate memory of crisis as well as in the possibilities rooted in relief work, mutual aid and stimulus packages. Scholars have sought to learn, for example, what relief measures could teach us about social protection in a ‘post-pandemic’ world, even while cautioning that socio-economic inequalities were only revealed rather than caused by the pandemic. Drawing on a set of empirical cases collectively produced b
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Bhanye, Johannes. "A review study on community-based flood adaptation in informal settlements in the Global South." Discover Sustainability 6, no. 1 (2025). https://doi.org/10.1007/s43621-025-01449-6.

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Abstract Urban flooding is one of the most pressing climate-induced hazards affecting cities in the Global South, disproportionately impacting informal settlements - places already characterized by insecure tenure, inadequate infrastructure, and high social vulnerability. As conventional, top-down flood management approaches continue to fall short in addressing the needs of these marginalized communities, Community-based Adaptation (CBA) is a promising alternative that leverages local knowledge, grassroots organizing, and participatory governance to build resilience. Using the Preferred Report
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Lizarralde, Gonzalo, Sara Latorre, Neidy Clavijo, et al. "The spaces in between: an actor network analysis of alternative food systems in Latin America and the Caribbean." Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems 9 (March 25, 2025). https://doi.org/10.3389/fsufs.2025.1460343.

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For years, researchers and activists have claimed that alternative food systems are required to increase the resilience of low-income families in the Global South and overcome the negative effects of capitalist, agro-industry regimes. Urban and peri-urban agriculture and alternative forms of local food production and distribution in urban settings are often seen as promising strategies. Yet very little is still known about how local food initiatives emerge, are legitimized, and (sometimes) survive in contexts of informality. Here we use Michel Callon’s conceptual tools to reveal how alternativ
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Diep, Loan, Joe Mulligan, Martha Akinyi Oloo, Loė Guthmann, Mussa Raido, and Tim Ndezi. "Co-building trust in urban nature: Learning from participatory design and construction of Nature-Based Solutions in informal settlements in East Africa." Frontiers in Sustainable Cities 4 (November 11, 2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/frsc.2022.927723.

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While the amount of research on NBS is growing rapidly, there is a lack of evidence on community experiences of NBS design and implementation, particularly from low-income and informal settlements of African cities. This article adds new empirical evidence in this space through grounded analysis of NBS “niche” projects co-developed by intermediary organizations and communities in five sites across three settlements in Nairobi and Dar es Salaam. Findings are organized around four established NBS knowledge gaps: (1) NBS-society relations; (2) Design; (3) Implementation; (4) Effectiveness. We fin
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Cavalcanti, Ana Rosa Chagas. "How does Work Shape Informal Cities?" Architecture and the Built Environment, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.59490/abe.2019.8.3934.

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In this paper I will discuss the design of favelas in Brazil. The aim is mainly to highlight how labor can be used as a design tool to address social and economic phenomena shaping the ‘slum’. This will be done by analyzing the informal aspects of ‘slums,’ the rising inequality and rural-urban migration patterns in Brazil. A critical analysis of literature will be compared to empirical data that were personally acquired from Brazilian slums (Cavalcanti, 2016) during the period from 2009 until 2016. Overall, the objective will be to try and consider social aspects within a method of design. Res
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Owino, George Evans, and Moges Yigezu. "The role of fathers and care-giving arrangements in informal settlements in Kenya and Ethiopia." Frontiers in Public Health 11 (July 13, 2023). http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2023.1099568.

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IntroductionQuality childcare has been associated with multiple long-term benefits for children including improved school readiness, better educational outcomes and improved health and productivity. Evidence suggests that returns on investment are much higher when targeted at the youngest children, especially during the first 1,000 days. Despite the evidence and the ever-increasing need and potential benefits, investments made so far to make high-quality childcare accessible to the neediest families are not commensurate. It is estimated that nearly 350 million eligible pre-primary school-age c
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Moradpour, Nabi, Ahmad Pourahmad, Hossein Hataminejad, Keramatollah Ziari, and Ayyoob Sharifi. "An overview of the state of urban resilience in Iran." International Journal of Disaster Resilience in the Built Environment, May 31, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijdrbe-01-2022-0001.

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Purpose In Iran, the frequent occurrence of disasters has always been a major problem. In recent decades, disasters have created considerable challenges, especially in cities. Hence, understanding the levels of urban resilience (UR) and planning for addressing vulnerabilities plays a key role in the era of increasing risks and uncertainties. The present study aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the state of resilience of Iranian cities. Design/methodology/approach A systematic literature review method was used to determine how resilient Iranian cities are. To find relevant studies, the
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Chikoko, Witness, and Anotida Mavuka. "Role of Social Cash Transfers Among Children in Child-Headed Households: A Case of Jacha Area of Epworth in Harare, Zimbabwe, in the Face of Austerity Era." Journal of Human Rights and Social Work, November 20, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s41134-024-00354-8.

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AbstractCash transfers are some of the social protection systems for reducing risks and vulnerabilities among children in child-headed families. There are limited academic studies that interrogate the role of social cash transfers among children in child-headed households (CHHs) in the Jacha area of Epworth, Harare, Zimbabwe, in the face of austerity era. A qualitative case study design was adopted to have an in-depth and detailed understanding of the lives of children in CHHs. The resilience theory was used to understand and analyse the realities of these children. Research findings suggest t
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Vande Keere, Nikolaas, Bie Plevoets, Peggy Winkels, and Livin Mosha. "“Lay down your heart” [bwaga moyo]: heritage as a driver for urban regeneration in the East-African stone town of Bagamoyo." Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development, May 31, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jchmsd-08-2021-0137.

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PurposeThe paper aims to elaborate on the potential for regeneration of Bagamoyo (Tanzania) through adaptive reuse of its heritage sites. The town was the most important harbour for ivory and slaves of the East-African mainland during the 19th and early 20th century and the colonial capital of German East-Africa between 1885 and 1890. Today, it has 85,000 inhabitants who mainly live in informal settlements while stone town closer to the coast is largely abandoned with its historical buildings in a poor state of conservation.Design/methodology/approachThe first part of the paper describes the h
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Lak, Azadeh, Parichehr Rashidghalam, S. Nouroddin Amiri, Phyo K. Myint, and Hamid R. Baradaran. "An ecological approach to the development of an active aging measurement in urban areas (AAMU)." BMC Public Health 21, no. 1 (2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12889-020-10036-5.

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Abstract Background An essential element in the process of “aging well” is the concept of Active Aging (AA). To propose an operational definition of Active Aging, the present study seeks to develop a new measurement tool through an ecological approach. The aim is to recognize significant indicators that play a role in assessing AA in urban areas. Methods This study was conducted through a two-phase process of consensus-building: 1) identifying a set of indicators that were likely candidates for inclusion based on literature review, and 2) a two-round modified Delphi survey using an internation
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Ajide, Folorunsho M., and James Temitope Dada. "Energy poverty and shadow economy: evidence from Africa." International Journal of Energy Sector Management, April 1, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijesm-04-2023-0018.

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Purpose Energy poverty is a global phenomenon, but its prevalence is enormous in most African countries, with a potential impact on quality of life. This study aims to investigate the impact of energy poverty on the shadow economy. Design/methodology/approach The study uses panel data from 45 countries in Africa over a period of 1996–2018. Using panel cointegrating regression and panel vector auto-regression model in the generalized method of moments technique. Findings This study provides that energy poverty deepens the size of the shadow economy in Africa. It also documents that there is a b
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Wang, Jing. "The Coffee/Café-Scape in Chinese Urban Cities." M/C Journal 15, no. 2 (2012). http://dx.doi.org/10.5204/mcj.468.

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IntroductionIn this article, I set out to accomplish two tasks. The first is to map coffee and cafés in Mainland China in different historical periods. The second is to focus on coffee and cafés in the socio-cultural milieu of contemporary China in order to understand the symbolic value of the emerging coffee/café-scape. Cafés, rather than coffee, are at the centre of this current trend in contemporary Chinese cities. With instant coffee dominating as a drink, the Chinese have developed a cultural and social demand for cafés, but have not yet developed coffee palates. Historical Coffee Map In
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