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Afyounian, Ebrahim. "Information and Communication Technologies in Support of Remembering : A Postphenomenological Study." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för informatik (IK), 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-32692.
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This thesis aimed to study the everyday use of ICT-enabled memory aids in order to understand and to describe the technological mediations that are brought by them (i.e. how they shape/mediate experiences and actions of their users). To do this, a post-phenomenological approach was appropriated. Postphenomenology is a modified, hybrid phenomenology that tries to overcome the limitations of phenomenology. As for theoretical framework, ‘Technological Mediation’ was adopted to conduct the study. Technological Mediation as a theory provides concepts suitable for explorations of the phenomenon of human-technology relation. It was believed that this specific choice of approach and theoretical framework would provide a new way of exploring the use of concrete technologies in everyday life of human beings and the implications that this use might have on humans’ lives. The study was conducted in the city of Växjö, Sweden. Data was collected by conducting twelve face-to-face semi-structured interviews. Collected data was, then, analyzed by applying the concepts within the theoretical framework – Technological Mediation - to them. The results of this study provided a list of ICT-enabled devices and services that participants were using in their everyday life in order to support their memory such as: calendars, alarms, notes, bookmarks, etc. Furthermore, this study resulted in a detailed description of how these devices and services shaped/mediated the experiences and the actions of their users.
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McFarland, Sean Alan. "Decision making theory with geographic information systems support." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2008. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/3393.
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Decisions are made with varying degrees of effectiveness and efficiency and are influenced by a myriad of internal and external forces. Decision Support Systems (DSS) software can effectively aid decision making through processing the facts and producing meaningful outputs for use by the person or team in making the final choice. Geographic Information Systems (GIS), a form of DSS, are very effective when locational data are present. This thesis talks about using GIS software in decision making procedures.
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Cronje, Lindi-Anné. "Using information and communication technology to support Grade 6 learners with dyscalculia." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/79222.
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Dyscalculia implies difficulty in acquiring mathematical skills and requires intervention that
focuses on the acquisition of the necessary basic mathematical skills. Against this background the
purpose of this study was to investigate how Grade 6 learners with dyscalculia may be supported
by implementing an Information Communication Technology (ICT) intervention, with a
specific focus on number sense and basic mathematical skills. I followed a nomothetic
quantitative approach and employed a quasi-experimental design, using a pre-test, followed by an
ICT intervention and then a post-test with a small sample of Grade 6 learners that displayed
learning difficulties in Mathematics. I combined convenience and purposive sampling to identify two
full- service primary schools and utilised non-probable and purposive sampling to select 24
participants, randomly assigning them to either an experimental or control group.
Following implementation of the six-week ICT intervention, the scores of all pre- and post-test
were documented as data. For the ICT intervention, I used the Number Race application, the Sheppard
Software mathematical applications, more specifically Math Lines (addition, multiplication), Math
Man (rounding, addition, multiplication), Pop the Balloon (add and order), and The Rockseries. I
then completed non-parametric data analysis by utilising the Statistical Package for the Social
Sciences (SPSS 25) to test the formulated hypotheses and draw conclusions about the possible value
of the ICT
intervention.
The findings of the study indicate that an ICT intervention can have (i) a positive effect on
some aspects of number sense with learners experiencing difficulties in
Mathematics, however, (ii) although an improvement in mathematical skills was evident, it
was not statistically significant. Better results may be possible when additional
software are included or more time is spent on such an ICT intervention to teach basic
mathematical skills like adding, subtracting and multiplying after the
improvement of number sense.<br>Dissertation (MEd)--University of Pretoria, 2020.<br>Educational Psychology<br>MEd<br>Unrestricted
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Andersson, Stefan. "Information and Communication Technology - mediated support for working carers of older people." Doctoral thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för hälso- och vårdvetenskap (HV), 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-65220.
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Despite a growing awareness of the importance of support for carers who combine paid work with care of an older relative, so called ‘working carers’, there remains a lack of empirical knowledge about more innovative ways to support this largest group of carers of older people. Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) are becoming more readily available. As a result, ICTs have made it feasible to offer working carers more targeted forms of support. This thesis aimed to gain an understanding about support for working carers of older people via the use of ICT. An integrative literature review was conducted to explore and evaluate the current evidence base concerning the use of ICT-mediated support for working carers (I). Content analysis of qualitative data was used to describe nursing and support staff’s experiences of using web-based ICTs for information, e-learning and support of working carers (II). Content analysis was also used to describe working carers’ experiences of having access to a web-based family care support network provided by the municipality (III). Descriptive statistical methods were used to analyse survey data which focused on the types of support received and how they were valued by working carers, with a focus on ICT support (IV). Findings highlighted that ICT mediated support provided working carers with the means to manage their caring situation, via the provision of information, e-learning and education, in addition to practical assistance and emotional and/or physical respite from caregiving. In this way, working carers felt empowered in their caring situation by feeling more competent and prepared in their caring role and by strengthening their self-efficacy and positive self-appraisal of their situation. Carers were provided channels to share their frustrations and burdens via forums for emotional and social support between working carers, caring professionals, and other peer carers. This led to working carers feeling less burdened by their caregiving role and it helped promote their wellbeing. Further, carers were helped in some instances to balance work and care. As a result caregiving activities conflicting with work obligations were then lessened. In contrast, when ICT mediated support was neither provided in a timely fashion or in accordance with individual carers’ needs and preferences, then it was perceived by them to be unimportant. Cross-sectional data revealed that take-up of support services was low suggesting that unmet support needs may be inflated by work-care conflicts. For carers with lower digital skills, the additional time needed to learn to use ICTs was a further barrier. Overall, ICT mediated support acted as a complementary form of support for working carers. Measures to overcome dis-empowering aspects of this innovative from of support are needed to avoid working carers’ deprioritizing their own support needs and also to avoid possible digital exclusion from the current information society.
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Dawoud, Ibrahim. "The impact of organisational climate on information communication technology support for knowledge management." Thesis, City University London, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.520941.
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Chaplin, Damon Anthony. "Axis : integrating group communication and information sharing to support an evolving group memory." Thesis, Lancaster University, 1998. http://eprints.lancs.ac.uk/11589/.
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Mayes, Kathryn A. "Alzheimer’s Facebook support groups: uses, gratifications and perceptions of information accuracy for caregivers." Thesis, Kansas State University, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/19019.
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Master of Science<br>Department of Journalism and Mass Communications<br>Nancy Muturi<br>This study was designed to explore how Alzheimer’s caregivers use Facebook support groups. Specifically it describes what kinds of activities caregivers engage in when in Facebook support groups, explores the motivation behind participation, and details perceived advantages and disadvantages of the groups. Whether Facebook support groups are considered a primary and accurate source of disease information was also explored.
The study was qualitative in nature and consisted of 20 caregiver interviews, conducted via phone and Skype. Guided by uses and gratifications theory (Katz, Blumler & Gurevitch, 1974), the study employed six research questions to fully explore the experiences of caregivers in Facebook support groups. Generally speaking, the study identified the primary theme of community, and three subthemes including context, advice and emotional release/support. There were also significant findings on the primacy and accuracy of information. The ability to more fully understand these themes in the context of the caregiver experience will provide health care professionals with a foundation on which they can build effective ways to tap existing Facebook support groups and bolster support as the Alzheimer’s epidemic grows exponentially between now and 2050.
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Thate, Jennifer A. "Leveraging Documentation in the Electronic Health Record to Support Interprofessional Communication| A Delphi Study." Thesis, Villanova University, 2018. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10981462.
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<p> Communication is one of the key causes of healthcare-related harm. An estimated 210,000 to 400,000 deaths each year in the United States are attributed to healthcare-related harm. Interprofessional communication and collaboration have been identified as critical to providing safe care. Documentation is intended to support interprofessional communication and collaboration. However, research has demonstrated that documentation in the electronic health record (EHR) is not regularly used to support interprofessional communication. Previous research has examined the use of the patient record for information sharing and has identified several barriers that inhibit its use for communication; yet, little is known regarding how the record <i>ought to be used</i> for interprofessional communication. </p><p> Healthcare-associated infections (HAI), including central line associated-blood stream infections (CLABSI), is one category of healthcare-associated harm. The purpose of this study was to describe, using the Delphi technique, what an expert panel of nurses and physicians believe regarding how the EHR ought to be used to optimize interprofessional communication in central venous catheter (CVC) management and prevention of CLABSI. The study was guided by the frameworks of Distributed Cognition and Coiera’s Communication Space. </p><p> The expert panel consisted of six nurses and four physicians from a large academic healthcare system who had experience caring for patients with CVCs and using the EHR for retrieving, documenting, and communicating information. The panel members held such positions as staff nurse, nurse leader, resident, attending, and physician leader/medical director. Four Delphi rounds, which included an initial individual interview followed by three survey rounds, were completed to achieve stability in panel member responses. </p><p> The panel identified 12 information types necessary for decisions regarding whether to keep or discontinue a CVC, the best channels for communicating each of the information types, and factors that promote or inhibit the use of the EHR for interprofessional communication. </p><p> The findings have implications for the creation of interprofessional practice guidelines, interprofessional education, and the development of EHRs that better support interprofessional communication and team-based care. Understanding how to optimize the EHR in order to leverage the knowledge captured in clinicians’ documentation has the potential to improve patient care and reduce harm.</p><p>
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Hitge, Lize-Mari. "Cognitive apprenticeship in architecture education: using a scaffolding tool to support conceptual design." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/23456.
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Modeled on the master-apprenticeship relationship, student designers gain access to implicit design knowledge mainly through the conversations with their tutors during studio projects. However, intimate design studio tutelage is being challenged by increasing student to staff ratios. If leveraged effectively, technology offers the potential to maximize tutors' time investment in order to allow them to tend to more students. Scaffolding tools (Reiser, 2004) as supplement to teacher support, can assist learners with complex tasks previously out of their reach. This case study is a critical realist inquiry into the use of a scaffolding tool, Cognician Cogs. It seeks to reveal the ways in which and circumstances under which these Cogs scaffold conceptual design in a second year architecture studio project. The study draws upon Cognitive Apprenticeship as a conceptual framework to shed light on design studio practices involving specially developed Cogs. The mixed methodology approach adopted consisting mainly of qualitative data in the form of the project brief, scaffolding tool content, sample design critique conversations and interviews with three tutors and nine students. Supplementary quantitative data included closed survey question responses and Studio work marks collected from the entire class (39). Thematic analysis of the qualitative data was framed by the Vitruvian guiding principles of architecture: 'Firmness', 'Commodity' and 'Delight'. The study revealed that the intended use of the Cogs to cover aspects of Firmness and Commodity only resulted in the over-scaffolding of Firmness and the under-scaffolding of Delight. The students' resulting designs were practically acceptable, but lacked novelty.
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Magunje, Caroline G. N. "Using mobile phones to support learning : a case of UCT first year female science students in the Academic Development Programme." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/11742.
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Includes bibliographical references.<br>In recent years, South African universities have been faced with increased massification as a result of more students entering higher education institutions. Some of the students are from poor communities such as rural areas and former black townships which are still educationally disadvantaged. These students, who have been described as ‘digital strangers’ in other studies, have had very little access to or had never used computers prior to university. With increased computerisation in higher education institutions, digital strangers face problems integrating into computer based learning. In contrast to computer access, mobile phone ownership is pervasive and ownership is not socially differentiated in the South African context. This study therefore sought to explore the use of mobile phones to support learning by first year female science students in an extended academic program at the University of Cape Town. Using critical theory, Gee’s notions of Big (D) and little (d) discourses and a qualitative case study methodology, the study examined student’s technological identities. Whilst the results of the study show the powerlessness that digital strangers feel when exposed to computers during their first year of study, the results also show that students identify with their mobile phones because the technology is part of their Discourse. The mobile phone provides emancipation and empowerment that the students need to survive in a challenging science fields through informal and affective learning necessitated by the various internet enabled applications of the technology. The study also showed that students found transferable skills from their mobile phones to computers, thereby enhancing their transition into computer based learning. The study recommends that higher education institutions should consider mobile phones as viable learning tools and the technology should not be regarded as separate from the computer, but rather the two should be viewed as complimentary educational tools.
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Nilsson, Carina. "Using information and communication technology to support people with serious chronic illness living at home /." Luleå : Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för hälsovetenskap, 2007. http://epubl.ltu.se/1402-1757/2007/10/index.html.
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Adrot, Anouck. "What Support Does Information and Communication Technology (ICT) Offer to Organizational Improvisation During Crisis Response ?" Digital Archive @ GSU, 2010. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/cis_diss/46.
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While evidence of the exceedingly important role of technology in organizational life is commonplace, academics have not fully captured the influence of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) on crisis response. A substantive body of knowledge on technology and crisis response already exists and keeps developing. Extensive research is on track to highlight how technology helps to prepare to crisis response and develop service recovery plans. However, some aspects of crisis response remain unknown. Among all the facets of crisis response that have been under investigation for some years, improvisation still challenges academics as a core component of crisis response. In spite of numerous insights on improvisation as a cognitive process and an organizational phenomenon, the question of how improvisers do interact together while improvising remains partly unanswered. As a result, literature falls short of details on whether crisis responders can rely on technology to interact when they have to improvise collectively. This dissertation therefore brings into focus ICT support to organizational improvisation in crisis response in two steps: We first address this question from a general standpoint by reviewing literature. We then propose an in depth and contextualized analysis of the use of a restricted set of technologies – emails, faxes, the Internet, phones - during the organizational crisis provoked by the 2003 French heat wave. Our findings offer a nuanced view of ICT support to organizational improvisation in crisis response. Our theoretical investigation suggests that ICTs, in a large sense, allow crisis responders to improvise collectively. It reports ICT properties - graphical representation, modularity, calculation, many-to-many communication, data centralization and virtuality – that promote the settling of appropriate conditions for interaction during organizational improvisation in crisis response. In the empirical work, we provide a more integrative picture of ICT support to organizational improvisation in crisis response by retrospectively observing crisis responders’ interactions during the 2003 French heat wave. Our empirical findings suggest that improvisation enables crisis responders to cope with organizational emptiness that burdens crisis response. However, crisis responders’ participation in organizational improvisation depends on their communicative genres. During the 2003 French heat wave crisis, administrative actors who had developed what we call a “dispassionate” communicative genre in relation to their email use, barely participated in organizational improvisation. Conversely, improvisers mainly communicated in what we call a “fervent” communicative genre. Therefore, our findings reveal that the ICT support to organizational improvisation in crisis response is mediated by the communication practices and strategies that groups of crisis responders develop around ICT tools.
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Lu, Hong. "Information communication technology support for in-service training of higher education English teachers in China." Thesis, University of Brighton, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.436797.
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This research is primarily concerned with the provision of in-service training for TEFL lecturers in universities serving rural areas of China between 1998 and 2004. Given the growing number of undergraduates studying English in these universities, there was a clear need to ensure that English teaching was delivered as effectively as possible. Following a needs analysis of English teachers based in universities in rural China, a clear need to design a programme to enhance communication skills and evaluate the possible role of ICT in delivering this programme was identified. The first stage of the research was based upon a needs analysis of lecturers in China and involved the establishment of focus groups and the administration of targeted questionnaires to ascertain the current situation concerning their training needs. As a result of the needs analysis, it became clear that in-service training was only taken up by a small percentage of lecturers each year and information was obtained on a wide variety of perceived problems (of access to and types of training) together with options on solutions. A particular concern identified was that the potential of information technology was largely unexplored, though a majority of respondents expressed support for training based on a flexible, ICT-driven approach. An additional concern expressed the need to develop lecturers' communicative skills as part of their knowledge of English.Arising from the results of the needs analysis a test model was designed to examine the potential of ICT in this area. The pedagogic and practical bases for the model drew upon an incremental approach to learning involving these two stages. A web-based hypermedia environment was constructed using as an exemplar an embryonic training unit on the acquisition and teaching of oral skills. The test model was piloted in the UK and trialed by lecturers within the target group in the UK and rural China. Data was gathered on the perceived success of the innovative approach and on aspects such as accessibility, ease of use, presentation and motivation. An evaluation of the test model was made showing clear support for the approach. Useful information was generated for future iterations of a modified training scheme. KEY WORDS: constructive research, ICT, web-based course, distance education, education technology, in-service teacher training
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Yager, Susan Elizabeth. "The Role of Information Technology Support Mechanisms in Coordination Management for Virtual Teams." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1998. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc278491/.
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The purpose of this research is to examine virtual team members' use and perceptions of information technology (IT) support mechanisms. The study identifies the IT support mechanisms currently in use and focuses on differences between virtual and non-virtual teams in control and coordination, IT acceptance, and IT adoption.
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Rüter, Anders. "Disaster medicine- performance indicators, information support and documentation : a study of an evaluation tool /." Linköping : Linköping University, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-7990.
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O'Connor, Suzanne M. "Development of an evidence-based toolkit to support safe design for children." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2018. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/33519.
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This thesis contributes to developing an evidence-based toolkit for designers when designing products based on theoretical inputs from human-factors study. Theoretical and developmental knowledge, relevant to the design of warning and risk communications and the area of design for child safety, is translated into support for reflections to practitioners. The risk management framework derived from this study aims to increase awareness of the implications of the aspects involved and as a reference point for groups involved in design for child safety. The thesis covers a shift from risk communications with children to information about children (including physical dimensions etc.) for designers. The final output is a collation of this knowledge base and some conceptual tools that can be applied to a specific design context whether that context be in risk communications or the area of general safety design considerations. Designers with little experience in managing design for children can benefit from this study when deciding on their design strategies. This reflective support is the result of a study of risk communication as a complex and unique activity in which various groups and domains are involved. The process of building an understanding started with an analysis of the literature in the field and with the direct experience of the researcher, who worked directly within ergonomics as part of a design-innovation team. The framework presented in this thesis follows a more structured approach to risk communications. It is conceived as an aid to help practitioners reflect on the implications each stage of the development process has on the experience of developing appropriate risk communications and appropriate products. In this way, it is thought of as a dynamic and flexible reference that can be adapted by design researchers when planning and coordinating design to suit different design situations. The use of this tool in the childsafety, design, and study communities would provide validation of the effectiveness of the framework and its continuous improvement. The purpose of this study is twofold: to contribute to study and practice with the aim of providing fundamental guidance to designers. The research detailed in this thesis brings readers up-to-date with the current literature on theories of risk communications. It then highlights methodologies, tools, guidelines and requirements for risk communication advances in study and practice. A framework for risk communication for young children has been developed out of a resource review based on previous work in the area by McLaughlin and Mayhorn, (2014). The information accumulated in this study has been used to develop initial prototype tools for designers who are considering young children. The developed platform supports practitioners from two different angles: theoretical and practical. Designers engaged in the core activity of design for child safety need methods that support the consideration of ergonomics and other product requirements, such as risk communications. This study contributes to developing methods and tools that can be used by designers and other relevant groups when designing risk communications for young children. Available knowledge is collated and integrated into the framework with the intention that it will be developed further throughout the thesis to consider effective use within the design cycle. This study aims to contribute to child safety by providing the first development of tools/decision supports aimed at designers who are designing for young children and are accordingly evaluating human-factors methods in design for child safety. The aim of this study is to gather the requirements of a collaborative design tool for use by industrial designers, engineers and other groups involved in design for child safety. This thesis aims to address these needs. When considering the needs, limitations and capabilities, ( mental model ) of the intended users (i.e., children), important aspects such as safety have been considered. The general need for support methods are addressed through a review of the safety, design and ergonomics literature. After this, empirical study through interviews and observations is used to outline some problem areas: the development and implementation of human-factors methods in design, lack of available resources and inaccessibility of data. Three empirical studies were conducted to meet the requirements of this study: Study 1 in Chapter 4 involves documentary analysis of existing models and methods, Study 2 in Chapter 5 involves formal interviews with designers (N = 30), and Study 3 in Chapter 7 involves an online survey for initial feedback about the prototype-persona (N = 50) respondents. The first section outlines the study questions. It discusses the outputs of the three main studies contained within this thesis.
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Biemans, Margaretha Catharina Maria. "Cognition in context the effect of information and communication support on task performance of distributed professionals /." Enschede : University of Twente [Host], 2006. http://doc.utwente.nl/57116.
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Kallin, Maria. "Community Policing with support of digitalcommunication channels." Thesis, Mittuniversitetet, Avdelningen för data- och systemvetenskap, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:miun:diva-36851.
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While today's police forces are decreasing in number and their resources are limited, population is at the same time increasing. This means that other types of efforts and strategies are needed to fight crime. There are different strategies to do this, one of which is called community policing that involves proactive cooperation between citizens and the police to deal with the problems. Traditionally, community policing meant that a local police in the neighbourhood called for physical meetings, where citizens and police together raised problems and discussed solutions to these. With today's limited resources, there is little possibilities for the police to execute this kind of physical collaboration and meetings. On the other hand, another meeting place has been added (the one online) and an alternative way to implement community policing may be online. With digital channels for this purpose, there may also be an opportunity to reach groups of citizens that the police have not reached before, but in order to do so, it requires work and a use of these digital channels in the right way according to community policing. The purpose of this paper is to investigate what challenges and requirements that needs to be taken into consideration when implementing community policing with the support of digital communication channels. For this purpose, qualitative research in the form of literature studies and semi-structured interviews were conducted. Findings show there are a lot of challenges and requirements to consider and there are guidelines in the analysis and discussion section, to help begin to implement this way of working. The practical implications for this thesis may help police improving their relationships with citizens in vulnerable areas to be able to cooperate according to community policing to make these areas a better and safer place to live.
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Liu, Kung-Chao. "Information system development and the use of electronic meeting systems." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/185439.
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Information system requirements determination is a key area in management information systems research that includes the problems of requirements specification, requirements elicitation, and user involvement. The combination of these three problems is a research area which we call the group approach to information system requirements determination. The main contribution of this research is a model to be used for the problem of fitting existing computer aids to this research area and a set of methods for solving the usability and configuration problems when using such computer aids. The usability problem is that of determining whether a set of computer aids can be used effectively in accomplishing the task of requirements determination. The configuration problem is that of selecting a minimum collection of funtionalities necessary for economically supporting all aspects of requirements determination. Electronic meeting systems are the general category of computer aids that we are interested in applying to the task. In particular, the GroupSystems electronic meeting system developed at The University of Arizona is used as a case in this research. Characteristics of the requirements determination task and profiles of GroupSystems tools are combined into our model for fitting computer aids to a given task. We then derive the answers regarding the usability and configuration of GroupSystems in the group approach to information system requirements determination. We also compare the derived configurations to the GroupSystems tools used in an authentic case. The main points of this research include: (1) proposal of the concept of fitting computer aids to, instead of developing new computer aids for, a task area; (2) proposal of a model for fitting computer aids via a classification of information types; (3) analysis of the natures of the fitting model and the usability and configuration problems; (4) proposal of approximation methods for solving the configuration problem; (5) analysis of the task area--the group approach to information system requirements determination; (6) analysis of the use of GroupSystems in the task area by applying the proposed fitting model and approximation methods; and (7) demonstration of the usefulness of the fitting model and approximation methods by analyzing an authentic case of using GroupSystems tools.
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Granlund, Daniel. "Secure and scalable roaming support in heterogeneous access networks." Licentiate thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Datavetenskap, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-17883.
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Mobility support for users connecting to the Internet is an increasing trend. Different types of access networks like WiFi, CDMA, and UMTS are available, creating a heterogeneous access network environment. In the Internet today, there are a number of providers of various sizes supporting different technologies. Moving between such operators different types of authentication methods are often used interrupting ongoing services. This, in combination with lacking roaming agreements makes mobility among them with maintained connectivity and uninterrupted services difficult or even impossible.This thesis proposes an extended functionality to the Authentication, Authorization and Accounting, (AAA) protocol that enables a single AAA infrastructure to exist in a heterogeneous network environment and that enables interconnection between different operators in a tree-like structure of AAA servers. Mobile devices will maintain their IP address while connected to a network different from the home network independent of the network access technology. Furthermore, a scalability study is carried out in order to determine what is required from an AAA system in order for it to perform when dealing with larger numbers of users, service providers as well as supporting new technologies. A method for providing information for handover decisions for intra- and inter-operator mobility is also proposed. The proposed method selects the access network that according to a metric based on jitter and delay shows best performance.Evaluations show that authentication and IP address assignment can be supported in an efficient way in comparison with state of the art for both Ethernet and PPP based access networks using a common AAA infrastructure. CPU, memory and network link capacity in the home AAA server are identified as the primary bottlenecks when discussing scalability in RADIUS based AAA infrastructures and guidelines are proposed to address scalability issues during system design. The metric proposed to support in handover decisions shows that bandwidth can be estimated with more than 90% accuracy for WiFi, CDMA, and UMTS access networks.<br>Godkänd; 2011; 20110112 (dangra); LICENTIATSEMINARIUM Mobila system/Mobile Systems Examinator: Docent Christer Åhlund, Institutionen för teknikvetenskap och matematik, Luleå tekniska universitet Diskutant: Docent Mika Ylianttila, University of Oulu, Finland Tid: Fredag den 11 februari 2011 kl 10.00 Plats: Arenan, Institutionen för teknikvetenskap och matematik, Campus Skellefteå, Luleå tekniska universitet, Skellefteå
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Brown, Deana. "Designing technologies to support migrants and refugees." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/53849.
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Families migrate to improve their outcomes, however the process is very disruptive. My research asks and answers the question can scaffolding communication through technology mitigate the disruption caused to families by migration, and if so, how? In my work I have explored two forms of disruptive family migration—parental migration (where parents and children live in separate countries) and refugee resettlement (resulting from forced migration). In both forms, families are embedded in support networks of individuals they rely on to minimize vulnerabilities faced post-migration and to rebuild a stable family structure. My empirical results revealed barriers (distance, language, literacy and so forth) that render the communication between families and their support network less than effective. Through participatory approaches, I then design and evaluate separately, two systems to mitigate the barriers and improve communication in the various support networks. The end contributions of my work include: i) contributing a nascent agenda on migration for Human-Computer Interaction (HCI) and related fields through providing an increased understanding of the challenges that limit the livelihoods of migration-separated and refugee families; ii) demonstrating two communication scaffolding systems for transient use by migrants to mitigate communication barriers--- time and distance on one hand (to support transnational home-school communication) and language and literacy on the other (through mediated human-in-the-loop voice translations for everyday interactions with refugees); iii) putting forth a reflection on methods to guide others seeking to work with similar groups and establishing the notion of designing for transient use in the development of systems to scaffold communication.
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Easton, George Kurtis. "Group decision support systems vs. face-to-face communication for collaborative group work: An experimental investigation." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/184449.
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Organizations must consider increasing their decision-making capabilities in order to remain viable in a post-industrial society that Huber characterized as having "more and increasing knowledge, more and increasing complexity, and more and increasing turbulence" (1984). He sees the challenge for managers in the post-industrial environment as learning to make decisions in less time using greater quantities of more complex information. Group Decision Support Systems (GDSSs) represent a computer-based technology that has the potential to increase an organization's decision-making capabilities, and to meet this post-industrial challenge. This dissertation investigated a specific GDSS to study how GDSS technology affects group decision making compared to the more traditional face-to-face group decision making. The research was conducted through the use of a laboratory study comparing face-to-face groups of size six to GDSS groups of the same size. The decision process was the same for both types of groups, i.e., the sequence of steps used to solve the problem was consistent for both. Additionally, all of the groups were given the same task. Process and decision outcomes were measured for the six sets of treatments considered feasible for the manipulation of the communication condition, leadership, and anonymity. The process outcomes included satisfaction, time to decision, consensus, participation and uninhibited comments. The quality of a group's decision was the decision outcome measurement. The major findings of this study are: (1) Decision quality was equivalent for both face-to-face and GDSS groups; (2) Time to decision was greater for GDSS; (3) Consensus was less likely to occur in GDSS groups; (4) Satisfaction was lower in GDSS groups; (5) Participation was more equitable in GDSS groups.
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Leontescu, Mihai. "ePM: Project Management transposed online : The use of information communication tools to support inter-organizational project work." Thesis, Jönköping University, JIBS, Business Informatics, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-12460.
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<p>The purpose of this bachelor paper is to analyze the different technologies used for supporting inter-organizational project work and how these technologies influence the project’s overall success. The results of this research have proved that the main impact ePM tools (e-Project Management tools) have upon inter-organizational projects are in terms of time-savings and easiness of communication when in need for communicating abroad with different business partners. Various types of collaboration tools can help the communication process between organizations and provide the project participants with the means of creating and supporting a collaborative environment. Other perceived benefits of ePM tools have been resulted including: reduce project costs due to time-savings and quality of information which lowers the risks for deficiency occurrences; improve the decision-making process; improve internal and external communication; facilitate knowledge sharing and expertise exchange; and create an agile business environment characterized by innovation, flexibility, faster market reaction and ability to work efficiently. Global time zones and communication skills are challenges to creating an efficient collaborative inter-organizational environment.</p>
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Kafaar, Zuhayr. "The combined influence of new information and communication technologies and gender on self-esteem and social support." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2005. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&.
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<p>This study discussed the effect of new information and communication technologies use on adolescents. The research also assessed whether gender and frequency of use of new information and communication technologies would interact to influence self-esteem and social support from family and friends.</p>
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Magnusson, Lennart. "Designing a responsive support service for family carers of frail older people using information and communication technology /." Göteborg : Acta Universitatis Gothoburgensis, 2005. http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&doc_number=013142543&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA.
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Yang, Chun Chieh. "Evaluating online support for mobile phone selection : using properties and performance criteria to reduce information overload : a thesis presented in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Information Science in Information Systems at Massey University, Auckland, New Zealand." Massey University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10179/844.
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The mobile phone has been regarded as one of the most significant inventions in the field of communications and information technology over the past decade. Due to the rapid growth of mobile phone subscribers, hundreds of phone models have been introduced. Therefore, customers may find it difficult to select the most appropriate mobile phone because of information overload. The aim of this study is to investigate web support for customers who are selecting a mobile phone. Firstly, all the models of mobile phones in the New Zealand market were identified by visiting shops and local websites. Secondly, a list of all the features of these mobile phones was collated from local shops, websites and magazines. This list was categorised into mobile phone properties and performance criteria. An experiment then compared three different selection support methods: A (mobile phone catalogue), B (mobile phone property selection) and C (mobile phone property and performance criteria selection). The results of the experiment revealed that selection support methods B and C had higher overall satisfaction ratings than selection support method A; both methods B and C had similar satisfaction ratings. The results also suggested that males and females select their mobile phones differently, though there was no gender preference in selection support methods.
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Clarke, Lyndwill. "The information and communication technology infrastuctures in public schools in the Western Cape : a case study." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2010. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&action=viewtitle&id=gen8Srv25Nme4_3043_1298880204.
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<p>This mini-thesis attempts to explain the Information and Communications Technology (ICT) infrastructure in public schools in the Western Cape. The mini-thesis uses the case study as research design to explore aspects such as the motivation for using ICT, funding models, infrastructure models, ICT curriculum integration and teacher development. In order to gather data on the above, interviews and observations are used as research tools. The study begins with the exploration of the history of ICT infrastructure in South African schools and subsequently an international perspective is added through the literature review. Officials and teachers of the Western Cape Education Department (WCED) were interviewed to obtain their perspectives and a school was visited to observe procured ICT infrastructure. The results revealed that the WCED is using the Khanya project to deliver an ICT infrastructure to schools and to provide facilitation in the integration of ICT into the curriculum. It further showed that due to the rapid change in technology, Khanya had to adapt the hardware configuration on a regular basis and that this put considerable strain on and already small budget for ICT. The challenge that emerged is the lack of adequate ICT training for teachers. This could potentially hamper the integration of ICT and if not addressed, could serious hamper the WCED in its quest to deliver a technology based curriculum. The study concludes with conclusions drawn for the data as well as recommendations for effective ICT integration.</p>
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Aakhus, Mark Alan 1964. "The communication logics of computer-supported facilitative interventions: A study of the community of practice and social technologies surrounding the use of group decision support systems in process facilitation." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/288721.
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Computer supported facilitation is a form of third party intervention that uses advanced information technology to deliver non-authoritative intervention on organizational decision making. The goal of this type of intervention is to create communication events where decision making and decision outcomes are collaboratively produced by those who have a stake in the decision. The facilitator's role is to assure decision making progress without taking sides or rendering a final decision. The obligations of facilitation form competing injunctions for practicing facilitation. Facilitative intervention must be performed so that it influences decision activity without influencing decision outcomes, facilitators must participate in decision making without becoming a party to the decision, and facilitators must enforce decision procedures without coercing participant acceptance of the procedures. The evolution of the field is marked by innovations in practice and role definitions that seek more effective means to reconcile the competing demands of the role and the changing circumstances of the intervention context. Computer supported facilitation is a technologically advanced form of intervention that combine skills of facilitators with the capacities of collaborative computing technology to more efficiently and effectively deliver decisions for organizations facing a choice. The facilitator designs and carries out interventions by using group decision support systems that enable anonymous participation, simultaneous communication of ideas, geographic and chronological distribution of participation, and the electronic storage of contributions. This investigation finds that while technical advances help facilitators overcome the numerous barriers to decision making communication, the advances in technique and technology are prescriptions for decision making communication built on inadequate descriptive assumptions about the nature of communication. The community of facilitation practice and its technologies operate on the dubious assumption that communication process and content are in fact distinct. The community of practice, however, is caught up in preserving this distinction as its solution to the paradoxes of doing non-authoritative intervention. The dissertation demonstrates this state of affairs by showing the set of premises for facilitative action embodied in the process management view of the practice, the methods of transparency work which uphold intervention neutrality, and the way the community treats an innovation on practice.
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Blusi, Madeleine. "E-health and information- and communication technology (ICT) as support systems for older family caregivers in rural areas." Doctoral thesis, Mittuniversitetet, Avdelningen för omvårdnad, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:miun:diva-23281.
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The overall objective of the thesis was to investigate how older family caregivers in rural areas experienced participation in an e-health based caregiver support system. Participants were 95 caregivers allocated to intervention group (n=63) and control group (n=32). The thesis had a mixed method design and is based on four original articles (I-IV). Data was collected through web-camera interviews (I-III), telephone interviews (II,IV) and questionnaires (II,IV) after 1.5 years of using e-health support. Quantitative data was analyzed using comparative statistics, multiple linear regression and logistic regression. Qualitative data was analyzed with content analysis. Article I showed that the caregivers, despite lacking experience from using computers, were able to adopt the new technology, with help from support nurses and family. Caregivers felt e-health helped them to regain social inclusion. Article II had a comparative design, comparing e-health support with conventional caregiver support. Caregivers using e-health were more satisfied with their support and found it to be available, flexible and helping them enhance caregiver competence. Control group caregivers were less satisfied with support and experienced unmet needs. Article III showed that e-health can reduce caregivers’ feelings of isolation. Two themes were created, Expanding the concept of place and Developing networks. Article IV revealed that caregivers used e-health frequently, experienced benefits from using it and had become more independent. Support nurses were disappointed about the decrease in contact with caregivers, and also acknowledged a need for developing the professional nursing role while working with e-health. Conclusions drawn from the findings were that participants experienced benefits from e-health support and it helped them become more independent. Swedish municipalities are obliged to provide caregiver support, the findings from the study are valid to conclude that e-health support are as good as, or even more effective, than conventional support for older family caregivers in rural areas.<br>Det övergripande syftet vara att undersöka hur äldre anhörigvårdare på landsbygden upplevde att få anhörigstöd via en e-hälsa-tjänst. Avhandlingen hade en mixed method design och bestod av fyra originalarbeten (I-IV). Deltagare i studien var 95 personer, boendes i gles- och landsbygdsområden, som i det egna hemmet vårdade en make eller maka med kronisk sjukdom. Deltagarna var fördelade på interventionsgrupp (n=63) och kontrollgrupp (n=32). Datainsamling skedde efter 1.5 års användning av e-anhhörigstödet, genom web-kamera intervjuer (I-III), telefonintervjuer (II,IV) och frågeformulär (II,IV). Kvantitativa data analyserades genom komparativ statistik, multipel linjär regression och logistisk regression. Kvalitativa data analyserades med innehållsanalys. Artikel I visade att anhörigvårdarna, även om de inte hade någon vana av datorer sedan tidigare, kunde lära sig och bli användare av den teknik och utrustning som ingick i e-anhörigstödet, när de fick hjälp och stöd av anhörigstödjare eller andra. Anhörigvårdarna upplevde att e-anhörigstödet hjälpte dem att återfå social delaktighet. Artikel II hade en komparativ design och jämförde e-anhörigstöd med traditionellt anhörigstöd. De som använde e-anhörigstödet var nöjda med stödet i högre utsträckning än de som fick traditionellt stöd. E-anhörigstödet upplevdes som tillgänglig, flexibelt samt bidrog till att de utvecklade sin kompetens i vårdandet. Kontrollgruppen var mindre nöjd med sitt stöd samt upplevde att de hade behov som inte tillgodoseddes av stödet. Artikel III visade att e-anhörigstöd kan minska anhörigvårdares upplevelse av isolering, dels genom att de upplevde en känsla av att vara på andra platser fast de rent fysiskt befann sig i hemmet, dels genom att de utvecklade sociala nätverk. Artikel IV visade att anhörigvårdarna ofta använde e-anhörigstödet och att de upplevde nytta av att använda det. De blev också mer självständiga vilket ledde till färre kontakter med anhörigstödspersonalen. Personalen kände viss besvikelse över att kontakterna iv med anhöriga minskade och uttryckte att den professionella omvårdnads-rollen behöver utvecklas när e-hälsa införs och tillämpas i vård- och omsorgsarbete. Slutsatser som drogs från fynden i avhandlingen var att anhörigvårdarna hade stor nytta av att använda e-anhörigstöd samt att det hjälpte dem att bli mer självständiga, vilket reducerade deras behov av kontakt med kommunernas anhörigstöd. Sveriges kommuner har en skyldighet enligt lag att tillhandahålla anhörigstöd, med stöd av fynden från den här studien kan man dra slutsatsen att e-anhörigstöd kan fungera lika bra som, ibland till och med effektivare än, traditionellt anhörigstöd.
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Guidi, Davide <1977>. "A communication infrastructure to support knowledge level agents on the web." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2007. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/374/1/TesiDottorato_Davide_Guidi.pdf.
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Agent Communication Languages (ACLs) have been developed to provide a way for agents to communicate with each other supporting cooperation in Multi-Agent Systems. In the past few years many ACLs have been proposed for Multi-Agent Systems, such as KQML and FIPA-ACL. The goal of these languages is to support high-level, human like communication among agents, exploiting Knowledge Level features rather than symbol level ones. Adopting these ACLs, and mainly the FIPA-ACL specifications, many agent platforms and prototypes have been developed. Despite these efforts, an important issue in the research on ACLs is still open and concerns how these languages should deal (at the Knowledge Level) with possible failures of agents. Indeed, the notion of Knowledge Level cannot be straightforwardly extended to a distributed framework such as MASs, because problems concerning communication and concurrency may arise when several Knowledge Level agents interact (for example deadlock or starvation). The main contribution of this Thesis is the design and the implementation of NOWHERE, a platform to support Knowledge Level Agents on the Web. NOWHERE exploits an advanced Agent Communication Language, FT-ACL, which provides high-level fault-tolerant communication primitives and satisfies a set of well defined Knowledge Level programming requirements. NOWHERE is well integrated with current technologies, for example providing full integration
for Web services. Supporting different middleware used to send messages, it can be adapted to various scenarios. In this Thesis we present the design and the implementation of the architecture, together with a discussion of the most interesting details and a comparison with other emerging
agent platforms. We also present several case studies where we discuss the benefits of programming agents using the NOWHERE architecture, comparing the results with other solutions. Finally, the complete source code of the basic examples can be found in appendix.
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Guidi, Davide <1977>. "A communication infrastructure to support knowledge level agents on the web." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2007. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/374/.
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Agent Communication Languages (ACLs) have been developed to provide a way for agents to communicate with each other supporting cooperation in Multi-Agent Systems. In the past few years many ACLs have been proposed for Multi-Agent Systems, such as KQML and FIPA-ACL. The goal of these languages is to support high-level, human like communication among agents, exploiting Knowledge Level features rather than symbol level ones. Adopting these ACLs, and mainly the FIPA-ACL specifications, many agent platforms and prototypes have been developed. Despite these efforts, an important issue in the research on ACLs is still open and concerns how these languages should deal (at the Knowledge Level) with possible failures of agents. Indeed, the notion of Knowledge Level cannot be straightforwardly extended to a distributed framework such as MASs, because problems concerning communication and concurrency may arise when several Knowledge Level agents interact (for example deadlock or starvation). The main contribution of this Thesis is the design and the implementation of NOWHERE, a platform to support Knowledge Level Agents on the Web. NOWHERE exploits an advanced Agent Communication Language, FT-ACL, which provides high-level fault-tolerant communication primitives and satisfies a set of well defined Knowledge Level programming requirements. NOWHERE is well integrated with current technologies, for example providing full integration
for Web services. Supporting different middleware used to send messages, it can be adapted to various scenarios. In this Thesis we present the design and the implementation of the architecture, together with a discussion of the most interesting details and a comparison with other emerging
agent platforms. We also present several case studies where we discuss the benefits of programming agents using the NOWHERE architecture, comparing the results with other solutions. Finally, the complete source code of the basic examples can be found in appendix.
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Johnson, Shawn E. "Deployable Network Operations Center (DNOC) : a collaborative technology infostructure designed to support tactical sensor-decision maker network operations /." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 2005. http://library.nps.navy.mil/uhtbin/hyperion/05Jun%5FJohnson.pdf.
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Thesis (M.S. in Systems Technology)--Naval Postgraduate School, June 2005.<br>Thesis Advisor(s): Alexander Bordetsky, David Netzer. Includes bibliographical references (p. 79-82). Also available online.
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Rowett, Stephen. "Effective communications and information technology support for professional higher education and development." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.407441.
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Silmi, Kazi Priyanka. "Strengthening Communication with the University Students regarding Sexual Assault:Website as a Tool to Provide Support." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1438861397.
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Ringius, Karin. "Organisation for support of a global application." Thesis, University of Skövde, Department of Computer Science, 2002. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:his:diva-727.
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<p>Since organisations are expanding geographically the need for global applications has become extensive. This work examines how a global support organisation should be organised, with respect to communication and technical aspects, when providing support for a global application to a user organisation. This work has been accomplished through a literature study and an interview study. The result from the investigation shows that a decentralised support organisation is superior to some extent. Specially when it comes to communication but both the literature and the respondents claim that communicating with people from different countries with different languages is something you get used to over time. It is however not superior to implement too many sites since it is expensive to have several support centres. The conclusions of this work are that the literature claims that decentralisation is the approach to have if the infrastructure is in place, the respondents however, believe that it is too expensive to decentralise too much.</p>
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Benyon, Robert Victor. "An investigation of a framework for the implementation of service management in the information and communication technology sector." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1002766.
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Service Management (SM) is an integrated, cyclical and collaborative approach to the management of service requirements and levels. It involves the definition of client expectations, the satisfying of those expectations and the perpetual refining of the business agreement (Sturm 2001). SM in the ICT sector is a comprehensive process that extends beyond the development of Service Agreements (SAs). A number of identifiable steps constitute the progressive implementation of a managed services environment, the key components of which are a readiness to provide services, the accurate elicitation, management and satisfying of client requirements and the continual improvements to the business relationship. Unfortunately, a number of SM initiatives fail. These failures can be attributed to a lack of SM understanding, the absence of a fully implemented SM strategy, poor communication and people issues. This research describes an investigation of SM implementation. A number of recognised frameworks are explored and critically analysed. The common strengths of these frameworks and the results of an exploratory pilot study are used to construct an SM implementation framework. This framework is then tested empirically by means of an online survey, and revised in the light of the results of this survey. The framework comprises two distinct phases, namely a Foundation phase and a Managed Services phase. The Foundation phase comprises 8 critical preparatory activities that take a service provider to state of readiness to provide and manage ICT services. The Managed Services phase comprises 5 key cyclical steps for the management of ICT services, including Planning, Analysis, Design, Implementation and Review.
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Breshears, Robert Louis. "An Investigation of the Productivity of Information System Helpdesk User Support Professsionals as Impacted by Their Communication Behavior : A Field Experiment." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1996. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc278811/.
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This research conducted an interdisciplinary field experiment to identify relationships between productivity, user satisfaction and IS Helpdesk USP's use of effective communication behavior. An experimental group of Helpdesk USPs of a large retail organization were trained by communication professionals in communication effectiveness, with emphasis on the needs of the telephone environment.
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Ahlström, Catharina, and Kristina Fridensköld. "How to support and enhance communication : in a student software development project." Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Institutionen för arbetsvetenskap och medieteknik, 2002. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-1624.
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This report, in which we have put an emphasis on the word communication, is based on a student software development project conducted during spring 2002. We describe how the use of design tools plays a key role in supporting communication in group activities and to what extent communication can be supported and enhanced by tools such as mock-ups and metaphors in a group project. We also describe a design progress from initial sketches to a final mock-up of a GUI for a postcard demo application.<br>I denna rapport, som baserar sig på ett studentprojekt utfört under våren 2002, har vi fokuserat på ordet kommunikation. Vi beskriver hur användande av designverktyg kan spela en nyckelroll när det gäller att stöda kommunikation i gruppaktiviteter och i vilken utsträckning kommunikation kan stödas och förstärkas av verktyg som mockuper och metaforer. Vi beskriver också en designprogress från initiala skisser till färdig mockup av ett grafiskt användargränssnitt för en demoapplikation av en vykortstjänst.
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Jacobs, Neil. "Scholarly Communication, the Information Chain and Technology: Analyses and Reflexions." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2001. http://eprints.rclis.org/6802/1/thesis.pdf.
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It is no longer easy to adopt deterministic explanations of scholarly communication, technology or the information chain. Complex and reflexive relations have built up between the substantive and methodological literatures relevant to these topics. This thesis aims to explore these relations with reference to two sets of interviews, one with academic researchers and the other with information professionals. These interviews were conducted in 1998-9 during the FIDDO Project, a part of the UK Joint Information Systems Committee ‘Electronic Libraries Programme’.
Two major theoretical perspectives are employed to support two analytic methodologies. The first is social constructivism, which is represented methodologically in the thesis by discourse analysis. The second is actor-network theory, which is represented methodologically by co-word analysis. Both of these approaches are engaged in questions of relativism and realism in social explanation.
The implementation of each of the methodologies involves innovative moves. The discourse analysis is focused on personal deixis (self-reference) located by pronoun-use, and on interest management. The co-word analysis is adapted from a scientometric technique and supplemented by the use of categorical definitions of the three topics. Each methodology is employed to analyse both sets of interviews. The four resulting sets of findings are presented in terms of the boundaries apparent between the three topical concepts.
The boundaries between scholarly communication, technology and the information chain are found to vary, for example according to the identities of the interviewees responsible for the data. They also vary according to the methodology employed. Discourse analysis of interviews with information professionals suggests that the idea of technology is deployed as a dual repertoire, consisting of empowerment and automation, and that the pattern of this deployment is one constituent of the contested boundaries between the three topics. Co-word analysis of the same interviews suggests that an important focus of the boundaries is around the idea of electronic journals. Discourse analysis of interviews with academic researchers also reveals use of the dual technology repertoire, but in addition suggests that the category of formal scholarly communication acts to legitimate the interests of researchers. Co-word analysis of the same interviews suggests that a number of models of document access were in play, including those based on the library, on paper and on documents. The implications of these substantive analyses include that studies based on ‘user needs’ or the ‘impact of technology’ could benefit from an analysis of how such topics are constructed in particular accounts.
Finally, the question is addressed as to the extent that the results of the discourse and the co-word analyses (of the same data) are compatible so that they can be meaningfully synthesised. That is, do the two approaches give rise to outcomes that have similar epistemological status? The question is answered ‘empirically’ with reference to the issue of reflexivity as it is configured in the two approaches, and it is confirmed that the two types of outcome are not compatible due to profound differences in the positions adopted by their respective informing theories. The methodological implications of this include that those engaged in relativist research practice need to be aware the ways in which epistemological and reflexive issues are relevant to their actions.
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Fogelqvist, Eva, and Viktoria Olin. "Närståendes beskrivning av palliativ vård : -En studie av nöjdhet baserad på data från Svenska Palliativregistret." Thesis, Hälsohögskolan, Högskolan i Jönköping, HHJ, Avd. för omvårdnad, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-38854.
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Nilsson, Rina. "I dödens väntrum - stöd till närstående i palliativ vård : En litteraturöversikt." Thesis, Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för vård och natur, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:his:diva-5083.
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Bakgrund: Närstående kan uppleva den palliativa vårdsituationen som mycket svår, då det kan vara första gången de konfronteras med en döende människa Att vara närstående till en palliativt sjuk patient kräver stöd åt den närstående, vilka kan vara vänner, familj, sjuksköterska eller i form av ekonomisk hjälp från samhället Syfte: Att kartlägga stöd till närstående då en patient får palliativ vård och stöd till närstående efter patientens död. Metod: Kvalitativ litteraturöversikt. Resultat: Sju kategorier framkom; att delta i stödgrupp, att få emotionellt stöd, att få praktiskt stöd, att vara delaktig i omvårdnaden, att främja hopp, att få stöd efter dödsfallet och att få information. Information som ges till en människa i kris når inte alltid fram. Att som sjuksköterska avsätta tid, vara påläst och inte använda ett svårt språk är avgörande för att samtalet ska falla väl ut. Detta utgör grunden till att ett samarbete mellan sjuksköterskan och de närstående ska kunna starta, där sjuksköterskan då får möjlighet att kunna ge stöd till närstående. Att delta i en stödgrupp får de närstående att känna sig betydelsefulla. Här får de möjlighet att dela med sig, men också få del av andras erfarenheter samt få emotionellt och praktiskt stöd. Konklusion: Att som närstående tillåtas delta i en stödgrupp, kan ha positiv effekt på både den närståendes psykiska och fysiska hälsa och välmående. Närstående måste få känna sig betydelsefulla och inte utestängda i omvårdnaden av patienten. Ibland kan dock vårdsituationen i till exempel hemsjukvård göra det svårt, då ansvaret ofta vilar på den närstående största delen av dygnet. Hopp kan förmedlas genom kommunikation även om patienten är i sent palliativt skede.
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Chinpanich, Vorapong. "Helpdesk Support Alert System." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2004. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/2674.
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The goal of this project was to implement the Helpdesk Support Alert System in the Data Center Services (DCS) of California State University, San Bernardino's (CSUSB's) Information Resource and Technology Division (IRT). DCS is responsible for ensuring uninterrupted operation of all CSUSB administrative computing systems. These responsibilities include user support, system maintenance, and system security. The DCS helpdesk cannot be staffed 24 hours a day; this application is designed to alert DCS technicians of emergencies when they are away from the helpdesk. The Helpdesk Support Alert System sends out an automated emergency alert in the form of a short text message to technicians' mobile phones. Technicians respond back to their main office by using the Wireless Application Protocol (WAP) capability of their mobile phones.
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Nuseibeh, Hasan. "An Information and Communication Technologies for Development (ICT4D) Decision Framework for Building an Information Economy in Developing Countries: The Case of Palestine." Scholar Commons, 2016. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/6338.
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Building a thriving information economy is a goal for many developing countries. This research helps identify the factors (inhibitors and motivators) that can be used to leverage the Information and Communication Technology (ICT) sector in a developing country to build a sustainable information economy that benefits other sectors of the economy. This is done by studying the current literature on this topic and then synthesizing the theoretical models to create a unified decision framework to help developing countries set their path to building a sustainable information economy.
Drawing on past literature and extant theory, a novel ICT4D decision framework is built that provides a three-dimensional view based on 1) the ICT value chain, 2) key factors (e.g. infrastructure, policies, markets), and 3) stakeholders (e.g. industry, government, academia). This decision framework is then used to study the case of Palestine, where secondary and primary data are used to compare the critical success factors for Palestine with the general framework. This synthesized framework and critical success factors superset is expected to advance the field’s understanding of how both controllable and non-controllable country characteristics contribute to or inhibit the growth and development of an ICT sector in developing countries. In addition, the framework and identified success factors help in setting a future path for development.
Results from both secondary data sources demonstrate the usability of the framework to analyze the current setting of the ICT sector, in addition, to help investigate a range of possible opportunities for action to reach a higher level of ICT success. Then, via a targeted set of interviews with academic, industrial, and governmental sources who are experts in the Palestinian ICT arena, an exploratory study was performed that focused on key critical success factors for future development of the ICT economy. Controllable factors that have the potential for sustainable action were identified.
In the case of Palestine, it appears that despite having many challenges that are out of control, there seem to be many opportunities for change specifically in government and educational policies that can help the ICT sector in specific, and the Palestinian economy in general reach its real potential. Given the current political situation in Palestine, it was found that there is a great potential in creating new software products for export. The challenges in this particular area in the case of Palestine lies in the lack of adequate business skills to research the global market and to market products and services that can be offered by the Palestinian ICT sector.
The findings should also help stakeholders see if the challenges to developing an ICT sector in Palestine are the same as those for any developing country, and where they are truly unique. The outcomes of this research have the potential to frame and inform economic development decisions that could define the future of the Palestinian state.
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Jiménez, Luz Maria. "Design of a collaborative information and communication technology platform to support creativity in innovation activities - prototyping and user experience test." Mémoire, École de technologie supérieure, 2013. http://espace.etsmtl.ca/1262/1/JIM%C3%89NEZ_Luz_Maria.pdf.
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Cette thèse porte sur la Conception d’une plateforme collaborative basée dans les technologies de l’information et de la communication pour supporter la créativité dans les activités d’innovation - prototypage et test de l’expérience-utilisateur-. Ces activités de recherche ont été développées pendant les sessions d’été 2010 à l’hiver 2013. Elles visaient à définir les détails de la démarche suivis pour la réalisation de cette thèse.
La problématique de la recherche a été construite à partir de l’analyse de trois défis observés dans les activités d’innovation, spécialement la collaboration créative des entreprises R-D et les équipes créatives de « Les 24 heures de l’innovation ». Ces défis devront être surmontés afin d’améliorer le processus de production collaborative des connaissances et le partage d’idées. Trois types de défis sont identifiés :
- Communicatif : la communication des connaissances pour l’innovation, qui devraient être transmises pour réussir à résoudre les problèmes complexes dans la proposition de nouveaux produits ou de nouveaux services ;
- Organisationnel : élaborer les stratégies de partage d’idées quand les participants sont distribués. Identifier les stratégies de gestion de connaissances que l’organisation des entreprises ou les équipes devront encourager afin de créer les plateformes de collaboration pour l’innovation ;
- Technologique : transmettre des connaissances tacites, non structurées et informelles, spécialement, en utilisant les technologies de collaboration, les technologies de l’information et de la communication (TIC), les outils collaboratifs Web 2.0 ou Web 3.0.
Les défis permettent définir deux dimensions de notre problématique de recherche : la dimension théorique et la dimension pratique ou technologique. La dimension théorique porte sur l’environnement des échanges d’idées et de connaissances qui supportent la collaboration créative. Les dimensions pratique et technologique sont considérées dans la modélisation de collaboration créative qui prendra la forme d’une plateforme pour les activités de production de connaissances et de partage d’idées.
Le but de cette thèse est de supporter les équipes créatives pendant leur processus de conceptualisation d’un nouveau produit orienté vers l’innovation. Les objectifs de recherche sont :
1. Déterminer les besoins des équipes créatives pendant l’étape de conceptualisation d’un nouveau produit
2. Proposer un système de gestion des connaissances (outils et connaissances) qui permet le support pour la production de connaissances tacites résultantes de la condition distribuée des membres des équipes
3. Modeler la plateforme qui supporte les besoins internes des équipes et de leur contexte à l’externe pour l’innovation
4. Proposer l’estimation de la collaboration créative par rapport à l’expérience utilisateur et les tâches réalisées par les équipes créatives dans le prototype TIC
Avec la revue de littérature du Chapitre 1, l’étude de la collaboration parmi les entreprises de R-D au Canada dans le Chapitre 2 et l’analyse des besoins des équipes créatives de « 24 heures de l’innovation » de novembre 2011 du Chapitre 4, le premier objectif sur la détermination des besoins des équipes créatives est atteint. Ainsi, dans le Chapitre 2 est défini le contexte de travail des équipes créatives en R-D, c’est à dire les conditions sociales et technologiques au Canada et les interactions de ces équipes pour l’innovation. La problématique définie et la méthodologie pour la réalisation de cette thèse sont présentées au détail dans le Chapitre 3.
Le deuxième objectif est atteint, d’une part, en analysant la production des connaissances dans les équipes créatives et en proposant un modèle conceptuel, extrait des observations directes de la compétition d’innovation « Les 24 heures de l’innovation ». D’autre part, en présentant un cahier des charges de la plateforme collaborative, basé sur le concept d’idéalité de TRIZ, qui consiste dans la projection de l’analyse de l’état de l’art de la technologie du support au partage de connaissances (Chapitre 5) en comparaison aux besoins des équipes créatives et les fonctionnalités utiles des technologies actuelles de l’information et de la communication (TIC).
Le troisième objectif est atteint en modélisant la plateforme collaborative et ses principales fonctionnalités, à l’aide du langage de modélisation unifié UML 2 dans le Chapitre 5. De la même manière, le quatrième objectif est atteint avec l’évaluation expérimental de de la plateforme de collaboration. Le Chapitre 7 et le Chapitre 8 résument les résultats obtenus sur l’évaluation de l’expérience-utilisateur du prototype au moyen de : la validation des études de cas UML, l’analyse de tâches des fonctionnalités utilisées, l’analyse de la performance PAN (Performance Analysis) et le test d’utilisabilité.
Finalement, les autres sections de cette thèse sont les conclusions de la recherche, les retombées, la recherche future et les recommandations. Dans les annexes est inclus le plan d’éthique présenté au Comité d’Éthique de l’École de technologie supérieure et les résultats obtenus dans l’édition de « 24 heures de l’innovation » qui a eu lieu en mai 2012.
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Qiu, Yiyu. "A framework of an effective online help system to support nurses using a nursing information system." School of Information Systems and Technology, 2007. http://ro.uow.edu.au/theses/9.
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Research Aim and Questions: This research aims to develop a quality framework of an effective Online Help System (OHS) for a Nursing Information System (NIS). This involves the identification of the criteria for an effective OHS. The research questions are what content, structure, functions and aesthetics this OHS should have. The research will also provide guidelines about how to evaluate the usability of an OHS. To learn unfamiliar features or functions of a Nursing Information System (NIS), nurses need effective and efficient assistances. An OHS, which aims to bridge the gap between the complexity of a NIS and nurse-users’ need for simplicity, is one effective solution. However, systematic research on the design and evaluation of an OHS is not common. There is a lack of a comprehensive quality framework that could provide guidance on the design and evaluation of an OHS for a NIS. As nurses are important healthcare workers, their acceptance and usage of a NIS is important for the improvement of quality of healthcare data, it is imperative to conduct this research with strong potential to impact on the adoption of NIS by nurses. Research Methodology: Two phases of investigation were carried out. Guided by a grounded theory approach, we first proposed a quality framework of an effective OHS for a NIS. In order to prove the validity of this framework, an experiment was carried out in which an OHS for an authentic NIS (the Care Planning and Assessment Tool) was developed and evaluated. Various research methods were employed in collecting data, i.e. laboratory-based usability testing, focus group discussion and questionnaire survey. Results: The proposed framework was consisted of the five criteria (i.e. content, structure, functionality, aesthetics, and usability. The CPAT Online Help was designed according to the results of the needs assessment and the forty-three guidelines that reflect the quality indicators in the framework. The results of the heuristic evaluation of the CPAT Online Help shows that the help system highly reflect on the proposed framework. The results of the usability testing suggest that the usability of both online help and hard-copy help manual is similar (i.e. no significant group difference was found for the results of both laboratory testing and the answers to the user satisfactory survey between online help and hard-copy help manual). However, in the laboratory experiment, the overall performances of the participants who used the CPAT Online Help were obviously better than those of the participants who used the hardcopy user manual. In addition, the survey responses from the former were more positive than those from the latter. Discussion and Conclusion: The proposed quality framework and their indicators were validated and supported by our research results and findings. Our research suggested that 1) nurse users’ basic computer skills, knowledge about an NIS, knowledge about procedures of nursing documentation should be covered in an OHS; 2) function-oriented and task-oriented structure are the effective structures of an OHS; 3) table of contents, frequently ask questions, search engine and video demonstration are effective functions; 4) visual-effectiveness can facilitate a nurse-user’s problem solving 5) the indicators of the usability of an OHS is the 5Es: effectiveness, efficiency, error-tolerance, engaging and ease of learning.
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Ellis, Bronwyn Wendy. "How teachers and parents perceive parent-teacher communication in resource-constrained primary school settings." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/62915.
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The purpose of this study was to gain an understanding of parents’ and teachers’ perceptions of parent-teacher communication, its purpose and how it is implemented in resource-constrained school settings. I employed a collective case study design involving four cases, namely parents of Grade 3 learners, parents of Grade 6 learners, Grade 3 teachers and Grade 6 teachers. I followed a qualitative research approach in order to gain rich, contextual information that portrays the perceptions of the participants. I identified three primary schools to participate by combining purposeful and convenience sampling strategies, and purposefully selected 11 teachers and eight parents as participants. Eight semi-structured interviews and two focus group discussions were conducted to collect data. In addition, I relied on observation, field notes and a research diary. Following inductive thematic data analysis, I identified the following themes: general modes of parent-teacher communication, purposes of parent-teacher communication, role-players and their expectations, factors negatively impacting parent-teacher communication, and strategies to move towards effective parent-teacher communication. Findings of the study indicate that the participating schools utilised written communication, telephone contact and meetings in person to exchange information with parents, in support of learners’ performance. Children, School Management Teams and the Department of Basic Education were identified as additional important role-players in communication. However, the attitudes, behaviours and preferences of teachers and parents as well as resource-constrained contexts can negativity influence parent-teacher communication. On the other hand, more effective use of technology, the creation of more opportunities for open dialogue and the commitment of all role-players can potentially enhance regular two-way communication between parents and teachers.<br>Dissertation (MEd)--University of Pretoria, 2017.<br>Educational Psychology<br>MEd<br>Unrestricted
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Van, der Westhuizen Christoffel Petrus. "Digital versatile disc as an information and communication technology variant to support geography teaching and learning / Christoffel Petrus Van der Westhuizen." Thesis, North-West University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/1467.
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Sabelus, Saskia Felicitas. "Older people's use of new information and communication technologies and the role of social support in learning how to use them." Thesis, Goldsmiths College (University of London), 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.539892.
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Strågefors, Linnea. "Designing and evaluating a digital tool to support online search of Swedish food recipes : facilitating the search process for the users." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för medieteknik (ME), 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-66062.
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Searching for food recipes online is a common task for many people in an increasingly digitalised society. Sweden has, as many countries, local recipes, seasonal products, cultural dinners and measurement and weight standards that can differ from other coun- tries. However general searches for Swedish recipes at common search engines can pose several difficulties. For example that users can’t filter the search results by recipes and that there can be difficulties with ambiguous semantic evaluations of the users’ search queries. Aspects considered in this thesis are also how the user search process could be facilitated by using recipe labels and graphical visualisations of the information. The ambition of this thesis is investigate how online recipe search can be made more effi- cient for people looking for Swedish recipes in Swedish. An initial user survey with a questionnaire was conducted to understand the po- tential requirements for the development of a tool to support online search of Swedish recipes. More specifically, the survey inquired about users’ current search experience and tried to identify useful search criteria. The results showed that 82.4% of the par- ticipants prefer to search for recipes online via a search engine, compared with other alternatives such as searching at specific recipe sites. The main difficulty the partici- pants experienced with that search approach was that many of the search results were not recipes but other types of search results. Most participants preferred to see more in- formative recipe items in the search results list. However at the same time, some recipe labels that were present were not actually noticed by most participants. The survey also investigated further what information that could be more appropriate to show about the recipes. Based on the outcomes from the survey study, a prototype application was then developed that targets for Swedish recipe search. The purpose of the prototype is to im- plement the search criteria identified from the survey and to provide enhancements. By developing this prototype, the search criteria could be tested by users on the prototype. A second user survey with a questionnaire was then conducted, evaluating the usabil- ity of the prototype. The prototype shows to offer improvements in filtering the search results to only show Swedish recipes, presenting more relevant recipe information and also improvements in visualising the information in the recipes in the search result list.
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Seto, Wood-hung Andy, and 司徒活雄. "Information and communication technology-supported pedagogical practices in a local secondary school." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2004. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B30415597.
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