Dissertations / Theses: 'Information and communication technology – Nairobi'

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Lagerberg, Evert. "Visualization-Aided Design of Water Infrastructures in Informal Settlements in Nairobi, Kenya." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för datavetenskap och kommunikation (CSC), 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-189324.

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Intermittent water supply is a major challenge in informal settlements (slums) in Nairobi, Kenya. Smart water man- agement is an emerging technology that uses sensory net- works for continuous monitoring of water infrastructure to detect anomalies and inform effective distribution of wa- ter resources. This thesis investigates how visualization of data collected from the water network can support the lo- cal water utility in the Nairobi slums in improving water distribution, including maintenance and development. An explorative qualitative study, including interviews with util- ity staff members and field observations informed the devel- opment of three conceptual prototypes to propose how the collected data could be incorporated in the water utility’s practices. The design of the prototypes lead to a discussion on how smart water management can be adapted to the specific challenges of the context. The thesis concludes by suggesting that a successful implementation of smart water management, besides supporting efforts directly related to the slum areas, must also address the problems of inefficient and inequitable water allocation concerning the whole city of Nairobi.
Oregelbunden vattenförsörjning är en stor utmaning i informella bosättningar (slumområden), i Nairobi, Kenya. Smart water management är ett ny tekniskt område som använder sensornätverk för kontinuerlig övervakning av vatteninfrastrukturer för att upptäcka avvikelser, som t.ex. läckage, och informera effektiv distribution av vattenresurser. Denna studie undersöker hur visualisering av data som samlats från vattennätet kan stödja det lokala vattenbolaget i Nairobi i arbetet med att förbättra vattendistributionen, inklusive underhåll och utbyggnad. En explorativ kvalitativ förstudie baserad på intervjuer med anställda på vattenbolaget och fältobservationer användes som underlag för en designprocess av interaktiva datavisualiseringar. I designprocessen skapades tre konceptuella prototyper som exemplifierar hur den insamlade datan skulle kunna inkorporeras i vattenbolagets praxis. Utformningen av prototyperna ledde till en diskussion om hur smart water management kan anpassas till de särskilda förutsättningarna i Nairobis informella bosättningar. En lyckad implementation av smart water management måste, förutom att stödja de insatser direkt relaterade till de informella bosättningarna, också adressera problematiken gällande ineffektiv och ojämlik fördelningen av vattenresurser i hela staden Nairobi.

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Rosenberg, Lauren. "Exploring the idea of the creative class in an African city : a case study of ICT professionals in Nairobi." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/80081.

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Thesis (MPhil)--Stellenbosch University, 2013.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This study is an exploration of Richard Florida’s Creative Class theory within an African city context. The economic value of the Creative Class is that their work revolves around innovation, a quality seen as essential to ‘new economy’ urban growth. Quality of place (that which makes ‘New York, New York’) is said to attract the Creative Class to certain cities, as lifestyle amenities are valued as much as employment opportunities. Nairobi is an example of an African city currently attracting both Kenyan and expatriate Creative Class workers, particularly in the information and communication technology (ICT) sector. The research aimed to understand why this group chose to live in Nairobi and to describe Nairobi’s quality of place, with a particular focus on infrastructure disruption. Overall, the Western city is the reference point for Creative Class literature and quality of place is embedded within a framework of urbanisation through industrialisation - a period known as the first urbanisation wave. The fastest growing cities on the African continent (Nairobi included) are part of the second urbanisation wave, an urbanisation process spurred by a set of vastly different dynamics in which industrialisation is virtually inconsequential. Urbanisation through industrialisation induced concomitant investments into infrastructure and thus it is unsurprising that the Creative Class literature assumes that urban infrastructure is ‘always on’ – available at all times as an inherent attribute of place. The point of the study was not to draw modernist comparisons, but rather to emphasise that notions of quality of place are incomplete given the rise of technological innovation in urban Africa, where cities often suffer from disruption of basic infrastructure. Until more recently, African cities did not feature in the Creative Class literature; the predominantly rural focus of ICT diffusion in the literature is a contributing factor to the lack of information on the Creative Class in African cities. The case study revealed that Nairobi’s quality of place is fundamentally different to normative prescriptions given to urban planners and, in some instances, is highly frustrating and unattractive. Contrary to Florida’s theory, those interviewed were not leaving Nairobi in search of cities with higher quality of place attributes or better infrastructure provision – individuals were rooted to the city because of their work and the professional networks with which they were associated.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Hierdie studie is ‘n verkenning van Richard Florida se teorie van Kreatiewe Klas binne die konteks van ‘n Afrika-stad. Die ekonomiese waarde van die Kreatiewe Klas is dat hul werk rondom innovasie draai, wat as noodsaaklik beskou word vir die stedelike groei van die “nuwe ekonomie”. Plekkwaliteit (dit wat ‘New York, New York’ maak) lok luidens Florida se teorie die Kreatiewe Klas na sekere stede, aangesien hulle leefstylgeriewe net so hoog soos werksgeleenthede op die prys stel. Nairobi is ‘n voorbeeld van ‘n Afrika-stad wat tans beide Keniaanse en buitelandse werkers van die Kreatiewe Klas lok, veral na die plaaslike Informasie- en Kommunikasietegnologiesektor (IKT-sektor). Die navorsing het gepoog om te verstaan waarom hierdie groep gekies het om in Nairobi te woon asook om Nairobi se plekkwaliteit te beskryf, met ‘n spesifieke klem op die onderbreking van infrastruktuur. Oor die algemeen is die Westerse stad die vertrekpunt vir literatuur oor die Kreatiewe Klas. Daarby word plekkwaliteit gewoonlik beskou binne die raamwerk van “verstedeliking deur industrialisering”, wat bekend staan as die eerste verstedelikingsgolf. Die vinnig groeiendste stede op die Afrika-vasteland (insluitend Nairobi) is deel van ‘n tweede verstedelikingsgolf wat deur gans ander dinamika gedryf word, waarvan industrialisering ‘n feitlik weglaatbare faset is. Verstedeliking deur industrialisering het tot gelyktydige beleggings in infrastruktuur aanleiding gegee, dus maak dit sin dat literatuur oor die Kreatiewe Klas aanvaar dat stedelike infrastruktuur “altyd aan” is – dit wil sê, immerbeskikbaar as ‘n onafskeidelike kenmerk van die plek. Die doel van die studie was nie om modernistiese vergelykings te tref nie, maar om te beklemtoon dat begrippe van plekkwaliteit onvolledig is gegewe die opkoms van tegnologiese innovasie in stedelike Afrika, waar stede dikwels ly aan onderbrekings van basiese infrastruktuur. Tot baie onlangs is Afrika-stede nie genoem in literatuur oor die Kreatiewe Klas nie; die oorwegend landelike fokus van die verspreiding van IKT dra ook by tot die gebrek aan inligting aangaande die Kreatiewe Klas in Afrikastede. Die gevallestudie het onthul dat Nairobi se plekkwaliteit in wese anders is as die normatiewe voorskrifte wat aan stadsbeplanners voorgehou word en dat dit selfs, in sommige gevalle, uiters frustrerend en onaantreklik is. In teenstelling met Florida se teorie was diegene met wie onderhoude gevoer is, nie van plan om Nairobi te verlaat op soek na stede met hoër plekkwaliteitkenmerke of beter infrastruktuur nie – dié individue was gevestig in die stad weens hul werk en die professionele netwerke waarmee hul geskakel het.

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Wafula, Juliana Nasimiyu Carleton University Dissertation Geography. "Urban infrastructure management using geographic information systems technology; the case of Nairobi, Kenya." Ottawa, 1994.

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Rich, Martin. "Information and communication technology in management learning." Thesis, City University London, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.410151.

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sintala, suraj kumar. "Information And Communication Technology in Hotel Industry." Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1554496660762962.

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Hutchings, Chelsea Elizabeth. "Spousal Connectedness and Information and Communication Technology Use." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2012. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/3433.

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To meet the purpose of the study, three hypotheses were tested: First, it was predicted there was a relationship between spousal connectedness and personal and spousal ICT (information and communication technology) device usage; second, it was predicted satisfaction with personal or spousal ICT device usage were mediators of the primary relationship between spousal connectedness and ICT device usage; and third, it was expected communication moderated the relationship between spousal connectedness and personal ICT device usage. A representative sample of married adults (n=208) were sampled. Personal and spousal ICT device use, satisfaction with personal and spousal ICT device use, spousal connectedness, and communication were measured and the resulting data analyzed. Regression analyses and path analyses were performed to test the hypotheses. The first and third hypotheses were found to be significant, but the second was not. The negative relationship between personal ICT device use and spousal connectedness indicates that as ICT device use increases, connectedness decreases. Communication, however, was shown to buffer this relationship. Data indicated that the more a person recalled communicating with their spouse, the less prominent was the relationship between their personal ICT device use and spousal connectedness.

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Glassburner, Aaron. "Creating Supply Chain Resilience with Information Communication Technology." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2018. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc1157577/.

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Supply chain resilience refers to the capability of a supply chain to both withstand and adapt to unexpected disturbances. In today's turbulent business environment, firms are continually seeking to create more resilience within their supply chain through increased information communication technology use and enhanced business-to-business relationships. The focus of this dissertation is the investigation of how information communication technology creates resilience at the differing process levels of supply chain operations. Past research into information communication technology use within supply chains has often been conducted at the macro-level of supply chain phenomena. As such, there is still much to understand about how decision-makers interact with information communication technology at the micro-level of supply chain decision-making. A more in-depth, broad coverage of this interaction will provide both practitioners and academics a better understanding of how to leverage information communication technology in achieving supply chain resilience. To meet this aim, this dissertation contains three essays that re-orient conceptual thinking about supply chain phenomenon, explore how advances in information communication technology influence business-to-business relationships, and identify how information communication technology effects the decision-making of supply chain managers.

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Asaduzzaman, A. S. M. "Digital Bangladesh : information and communication technology for empowerment?" Thesis, Goldsmiths College (University of London), 2013. http://research.gold.ac.uk/9608/.

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This study critically investigates the concept of “digital Bangladesh” putting it in the wider debates surrounding ICT for Development (ICT4D). The original contribution of this thesis is that it problematizes empowerment in ICT4D approach within the human development paradigm in the context of Bangladesh. The main argument of the thesis is that digital Bangladesh as the local manifestation of ICT for Development is both outcome and facilitator of neoliberal globalization. Another argument is that digital Bangladesh promotes entrepreneurship-oriented personal empowerment which is consistent with the neoliberal ideologies. The thesis involves two types of empirical study: discursive and ethnographic. To be precise, it conducts a critical analysis of the National ICT Policy 2009 with the aim of investigating how digital Bangladesh is discursively constructed by it. The findings of the analysis show that the Policy constructs a positive discourse of digital Bangladesh. Most importantly, parroting ICT4D, the Policy propagates the idea that ICT can bring about progress in all areas of the lives of the citizenry, particularly social equity, education, healthcare and economic growth. The entire National ICT Policy is permeated by technological determinism. On the micro level, ethnographically designed fieldwork was conducted at three telecentres located at three districts. Findings show that the telecentres served predominantly the privileged sections of rural societies (i.e. literate, young men and women), by providing either services based on computer, the Internet and the Web, or computer-education. Peasants and other marginalized populations that form the majority of rural populations were invisible at the centres. Analysed from an empowerment approach based on social power, the findings suggest that the telecentres could hardly bring about empowerment and human development in the lives of the people involved with them in different ways. They at best contributed to the entrepreneurs’ achievement of self-reliance, which is consistent with neoliberalism.

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Mackey, Vanessa Lajuan Ruth. "Communication Constructs That Influence Information Technology Project Failure." ScholarWorks, 2015. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/395.

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Ineffective communication behavioral constructs in the workplace that lead to information technology (IT) project failure and in some cases organization failure are increasingly becoming a management concern. Despite this trend, there is little research on the communication behavioral constructs that contribute to IT project failure rates. The purpose of this phenomenological study was to explore the lived experiences of business analysts, programmers, and programmer analysts pertaining to the behavioral constructs associated with effective and ineffective communication. The research questions addressed these behaviors from a conceptual framework based on communication theory, organizational information processing theory, and critical social theory. This framework guided data collection using electronic interviews of a snowball sample of social media participants. Data were coded using open and axial techniques, analyzed for themes and patterns, and member checked to bolster trustworthiness. Findings included 10 communication behavioral constructs that influence communication in IT software development teams. Included in the findings were potential options for improving communication among end users, management, programmers, and other employees. Recommendations to improve communication among stakeholders included involvement of the correct stakeholders, clear project requirements, frequent communication, active listening, and feedback. Other recommendations were stakeholder education and training, and knowledge of goals and processes. Implications for positive social change could be realized by using the findings to improve the way communication is addressed, shared, and implemented to reduce IT project failure for stakeholders.

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De, Stefano Timothy. "Information communication technology, broadband infrastructure and firm performance." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2016. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/37298/.

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Anduvare, Everlyn M. "Innovative use of Information Technology to Enhance Knowledge Management Practices at the Marist International University College, Nairobi - Kenya." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/62101.

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Information technologies have become relevant enablers in knowledge management (KM) initiatives in academic institutions. A previous study by Anduvare (2015) revealed that the Marist International University College, Nairobi - Kenya had not adequately adopted information technologies into KM practices entwined in teaching, learning and research. This research study, therefore, set out to explore technologies that are capable of supporting KM practices in academic institutions in order to recommend some to the MIUC. Purposive sampling was used to select the MIUC full-time academic staff members as the target population as the researcher believed that they actively use knowledge at the MIUC and hence, would be in a position to understand the extent of information technology usage in KM practices. The study employed a qualitative research design that involved the use of Google forms to conduct an online survey in order to collect data from the target population. The study achieved a 100% response rate. Content analysis was utilised to analyse the data during which data within the specified themes (collaborative and distributive learning; knowledge discovery; knowledge mapping and knowledge application) was scrutinised for meaning. The data was then interpreted, presented and discussed based on the research sub-questions set for the study. The findings of the study confirmed the existence of KM practices at the MIUC. The study, thus, recommended some information technologies that support the KM practices to the MIUC which had been established through a review of literature.
Mini Dissertation (MIT)--University of Pretoria, 2016.
Information Science
MIT
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Cossa, Adele. "Communication tools for distance learning students." Master's thesis, Faculty of Science, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/33612.

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In distance learning, ICT tools are used to bridge the instructional gap caused by physical distance between the lecturer and the student. Therefore, more effective communication tools can help to enhance the success of a distance learning curriculum. Communication barriers such as disconnectedness, conceptual confusion and lack of social pressure to perform, can negatively affect the success of distance learning. Careful design and implementation of contextually appropriate communication tools is vital in a distance learning curriculum. The University of Cape Town (UCT) Conversion Masters in Information Technology (MIT) originally used a tool called Vula for communication between staff and students, as well as student-to-student communication. Vula is UCT's implementation of the Sakai learning management system. Between 2016 and 2018, a major shift was observed in the adoption and use of communication tools within the programme. There was a noticeable decrease in dialogue between students and lecturers on Vula, and an increase in student-to-student communication using WhatsApp. In 2018, the Slack communication tool wasintroduced to the MIT degree with the objective of increasing communication and collaboration between students and lecturers. This study investigates the adoption and use of the three communication tools (Vula, WhatsApp and Slack) within the context of the University of Cape Town MIT programme. The research aims to provide an understanding of communication needs and practice that can inform the design of distance learning programmes and enable them to harness the potential of social communication tool features. The study describes the nature of communication within the UCT MIT degree. The research also explores the functional features of the tools and how they are used, and the frequency of interaction on the various communication platforms within the MIT programme. This is complemented by a survey of current MIT students and their perceptions. The research analysed 2605 communication messages in Vula (UCT's name for the Sakai learning management system), Slack and WhatsApp communication tools over the three-year transition period 2016-2018. Feedback from a student survey, in which 11 respondents completed a questionnaire after an interview, is also presented. Based on questionnaire responses from MIT students, Vula is viewed as the best tool for administrative matters, WhatsApp is preferred for sharing information and checking on peers, and Slack is perceived as best for communication with all types of participants - students, lecturers and tutors. Most respondents rated WhatsApp as accessible, convenient and providing a good experience, while far fewer did so for Vula and Slack. WhatsApp was also seen to be the tool students used to reinforce or follow up on communications posted on the other tools.

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Rachfall, Thomas. "The impact of information and communication technology on the information overload phenomenon." Thesis, Glasgow Caledonian University, 2015. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.688316.

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Cetinkaya, Yalcin. "Information And Communication Technology Education In Primary Schools: Students." Master's thesis, METU, 2008. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12610180/index.pdf.

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This study aimed to provide a general picture of ICT education in primary schools. Through this aim, students&rsquo
perceived ICT competencies, their attitudes towards the ICT course, the characteristics of the teaching-learning process in the ICT course, the deficiencies of the IT classrooms and the effectiveness of the ICT Student Workbook were analyzed. This study was designed as a cross-sectional survey study. In order to collect the data, a self-reported questionnaire consisted of 63 items was developed by the researcher. The sample consisted of 442 Grade 8 students in 11 primary schools located in the metropolitan area of Izmit. Both descriptive and inferential statistics were utilized to analyze the data. Multivariate Analysis of Variances with Pillai&rsquo
s Trace test was employed to investigate whether the significant differences among dependent variables across independent variables existed. Results of the study indicated that primary school students generally perceived themselves competent in ICT tasks and they had favorable attitudes towards the ICT course. Significant differences were found in students&rsquo
perceived ICT competencies and attitudes with respect to gender, educational background of parents, computer ownership and availability of home assistance related to the ICT course. This study also revealed several obstacles which prevent taking full benefits of IT classrooms, and problems with the implementation of the new ICT program.

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Burgan, Owen T. S., and burgan@internode on net. "Helping teachers surf the Information and Communication Technology tsunami." Deakin University, 2001. http://tux.lib.deakin.edu.au./adt-VDU/public/adt-VDU20040423.163355.

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A range of factors, both internal and external, is creating changes in teaching and teachers professional lives. Information and Communication Technology (ICT) is just one of the major changes impacting on the teaching profession. As teachers face intense pressure to adapt to this tsunami, this study aims to investigate ways in which teachers can be helped. In South Australia, where this study is set, all teachers in Government schools are expected to be "ICT Smart", i.e. able to use appropriate forms of ICT to enhance the teaching and learning environment of their classrooms. From the researchers involvement for over a decade in professional development for teachers, and from visits to many schools, it appears that numerous teachers have not reached this standard. The greatest need is in Reception to Year 7 schools where the average age of teachers is nearly 50. Because no state-wide data exists, this study is intended to establish if there is a problem and if there is, to identify specific needs and offer possible solutions. The study is comprised of four parts: Part A, the Introduction gives an overview of the inter-relationships between these parts and the overall Folio. It establishes the setting and provides a rationale for the study and its focus on Professional Development in Information and Communication Technology. Part B, the Elective Research Studies, follows the writers involvement in this field since the 1980s. It establishes the theme of "Moving best practice in ICT from the few to the many" which underlies the whole study. Part C, the Dissertation, traces the steps taken to investigate the need for professional development in ICT. This is achieved by analysing and commenting on data collected from a state-wide survey and a series of interviews with leading figures, and by providing a review of the relevant literature and past and existing models of professional development. Part D, Final Comments, provides an overview of the whole Folio and a reflection on the research that has been conducted. The findings are that there is widespread dissatisfaction with existing models and that there is an urgent need for professional development in this area, because nearly 20% of teachers either do not use computers or are considered to be novice users. Another 25% are considered to be below not yet "ICT Smart". Less than 10% of ICT co-ordinators have a formal qualification in the field but more than 85% of them are interested in a Masters program. The study offers solutions in Part B where there is a discussion of a range of strategies to provide on-going professional development for teachers. Chapter 9 provides an outline of a proposed Masters level program and offers suggestions on how it could be best delivered. This program would meet the identified needs of ICT co-ordinators. The study concludes with a series of recommendations and suggestions for further research. The Education Department must address these urgent professional development needs of teachers, particularly those in the more remote country regions. There needs to be a follow-up survey to establish to what extent teachers in South Australia are now "ICT Smart ".

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Lee, Alvarez Heidi. "Distributed collaborative learning communities enabled by information communication technology." Rotterdam : Rotterdam : Erasmus Research Institute of Management (ERIM), Erasmus University Rotterdam ; Erasmus University [Host], 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1765/7830.

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Kelan, Elisabeth Kristina. "Binary logic? : doing gender in information communication technology work." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.429370.

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Brockbank, Wyatt. "Bilingual families and information and communication technology at home." Diss., University of Iowa, 2018. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/6063.

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Students learning English at school and another language at home comprise a rapidly growing segment of U.S. student populations. Language learners can benefit from using technology, but do not always use it advantageously (Katz & Gonzalez, 2016). Many studies address technology’s scholastic use, but few investigate how bilinguals use digital technology at home (Hinostroza, Matamala, Labbé, Claro, & Cabello, 2015), or what it means to them (Toboso-Martin, 2013). This qualitative multiple-case study focuses on the intersection between bilinguals, intergenerational learning, and digital technology. Specifically, it studies how bilingual, Hispanic family members interact around information and communication technology (ICT), and their attitudes toward ICT. Language patterns emerged during paired ICT use. Data were gathered from six Hispanic, bilingual families in the Midwestern U.S. through interviews, observation, and tasks where intergenerational pairs were asked to teach each other about ICT. This study adds to the literature on bilingualism, digital literacy, sociocultural theory, and intergenerational learning. Findings included parental ICT policies of vigilance, access, and trust. Findings support arguments that the digital divide persists as digital literacy. ICT both impeded and promoted intergenerational learning. Findings shed light on bilinguals’ contextualized linguistic needs, and echoed Vygotsky’s writings on gesture, internalized speech, and serial thought processing. English dominated as the language of ICT, but participants used Spanish and English to contextualize problems and negotiate meaning. Findings affirmed factors affecting the quality of ICT use. The author argues that Grosjean’s Complementarity Principle can be applied to digital literacy. Implications for parents, teachers, and researchers are given. Key words: bilingualism, families, intergenerational learning, information and communication technology (ICT), digital technology, digital literacy, home language practices, sociocultural theory, translanguaging

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Agnor, Robert Joseph. "Factors affecting use of telepresence technology in a global technology company." Thesis, Robert Morris University, 2014. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3601772.

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Telepresence uses the latest video conferencing technology, with high definition video, surround sound audio, and specially constructed studios, to create a near face-to-face meeting experience. A Fortune 500 company which markets information technology has organizations distributed around the globe, and has extensive collaboration needs among those organizations. Having invested heavily in telepresence technology to assist in the collaboration, the company has experienced a broad range of use among departments, but some departments do not use it at all. The purpose of this research was to study the reasons for widely disparate levels of telepresence use. The research is based upon factors contained in the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology and assessed the impact of each upon the use of telepresence technology. The results of the research showed some factors affected telepresence acceptance and use while other factors had little or no effect. Underlying practices and conditions, such as the need to multi-task and to telecommute, impacted the factors. The research provided recommendations for assessing the likelihood of technology adoption before making investments, and for positively influencing adoption.

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Rana, Juwel. "Improving group communication by harnessing information from social networks and communication services." Licentiate thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Datavetenskap, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-26239.

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On-line social networking and communication services are increasingly popular methods to communicate with friends, family and communities. Statistics shows that users of services like Facebook and Twitter stretches across geographical locations, professions, age groups and habits. Smart mobile devices with Internet connectivity simplifies access to these services at anytime and from almost anywhere. However, the huge amount of user-generated content makes it difficult to identify useful information. A challenge is to create micro-communities where users may join in from heterogeneous social networks using proper user and identity management. The increasing number of social networks and communication services are also creating new challenges in social media content filtering, micro-community discovery, automatic group communication initialization.This licentiate thesis proposes to utilize social graphs for improving group communication. It therefore presents a framework that manages information harnessed from social-networking services and personal devices such as mobile phones and laptops. The framework can identify individual communication patterns and use these to calculate a social strength between users expressed as a weighted social graph.The central component of the framework is a social recommendation engine for social content filtering, group management and communication pattern discovery. The engine harness personalized social data (both content and contact) from the social-networking services and personal devices. The framework also contains methods for social strength calculation based on a unified interaction model that supports communication pattern discovery. A comparison study is presented together with the framework, which evaluates different social strength computation methods based on a simulated interaction dataset. The feasibility of social data collection from social networks and communication services are also discussed to illuminate potential benefits of the framework for the next generation of communication tools (such as mobile video conferencing).Evaluation of the framework is initially done by proof-of-concept prototypes that illustrate functional feasibility. Two prototypes are presented in this thesis, a presence information viewer that filters and prioritizes contacts and a real-time photo sharing application utilizing calendar data for initiation of group communication. In conclusion, improving group communication by offering services for micro-communities, based on our communication habits, personal interests and context (such as activity and location) is technically realistic and feasible.
Godkänd; 2011; 20110217 (mjrana); LICENTIATSEMINARIUM Ämnesområde: Medieteknik/Media Technology Examinator: Professor Arkady Zaslavsky, Institutionen för system- och rymdteknik, Luleå tekniska universitet Diskutant: Professor Mikael Wiberg, Ekonomikum, Uppsala universitet Tid: Torsdag den 24 mars 2011 kl 13.00 Plats: A109, Luleå tekniska universitet

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Swaney, Chad. "Communication, Information, and Knowledge in a Coworking Space." Thesis, Pepperdine University, 2018. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10830357.

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Since the early 2000s, a new type of working environment has developed in which individual workers—usually in a technology profession—share office space in a large, open, nontraditional environment that transcends traditional organizational boundaries. These new environments, called coworking spaces, present opportunities for communication, information sharing, and knowledge creation because of their open physical environments, the reduced presence of organizational barriers, and as a result of intentional efforts of the leaders of coworking spaces to encourage collaboration. While there is a substantial body of knowledge focused on how workers share information and build knowledge in traditional workplaces, there is little academic research on these novel coworking environments. This study examines the lived experiences of members of a specific coworking space located in the Phoenix, Arizona area in the United States.

Through interviews with key informants, this study evaluates the communication channels that members of a coworking space use to share information and uses the Nonaka SECI model to determine the types of information sharing and knowledge creation that happen at the space.

This study finds that members of the coworking space heavily lean toward using in-person communication and next-generation instant messaging to share information, and that they primarily create knowledge through combining the explicit knowledge of members to create new explicit knowledge. The findings of this study lead to specific implications for researchers to further examine the communication channels used in coworking spaces, especially next-generation instant messaging tools. The researcher also recommends specific steps that leaders of coworking spaces can follow to improve the level of involvement of members of their spaces, and to position non-profit spaces favorably against competing for-profit coworking spaces.

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Hackney, Chenay. "The HR challenge of attraction and retention : a survey of information technology graduates in information communication technology companies." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/24029.

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Graduate recruitment is an activity that is practiced by many organisations and HR professionals in South Africa (SAGRA, 2012), yet there is still much to learn about the challenge of what graduates perceive to be the most important factors in attracting and retaining them. In addition, it is generally known that the information and communications technology (ICT) industry is at “war for talent” (McKinsey&Company, 2007) among IT graduates due to the scarcity of the IT skills set (ITWEB, 2008). IT News Africa (2012) reports that South Africa has a growing shortage of skilled workers within the information and communication technology (ICT) field. This can particularly be indicated by the numbers released by South Africa’s Department of Home Affairs, which for instance, has issued a detailed list of 7,600 open ICT technical job vacancies (IT News Africa, 2012). The objectives of the study were: (1) to determine what firstly attracts IT graduates to ICT companies, and (2) to determine what retains these IT graduates. The purpose of this was to assist HR managers to overcome the challenge of attraction and retention within the ICT industry. Data for this study was collected by means of an online survey, namely the IT Graduate Recruitment Survey, on a purposive sample (N = 172) of IT graduates in the South African IT sector. Descriptive frequency, median, ranking and chi-square statistics revealed significant insight into the IT graduate’s perspective of attraction and retention factors. The main findings indicate that the top attraction factors for IT graduates include interest in the prospective organisation’s specific products, the services it provides and the employer’s brand in the industry; the overall reputation of the employer; career opportunities; security of employment; and to be able to make use of the IT qualification for which they studied. The two most influential advertising techniques to attract IT graduates are people who already work in the industry, and employer websites. The top retention factors include the availability of opportunities for further study, being supported by the employer and future career opportunities. The findings contribute valuable insight and knowledge to the field of Human Resource Management that can be applied in the recruitment, selection and talent management processes in relation to IT graduates in the ICT industry. Future research could compare different ethnic, gender and qualification groups – i.e. an IT degree candidate versus a diploma candidate – and their expectations when entering the workplace. The impact of on-boarding and induction can also be investigated in terms of the impact these have on retention. It is also recommended that researchers conduct in-depth qualitative interviews together with the current questionnaire to evaluate IT students’ and graduates’ perceptions of the viable attraction and retention techniques more critically.
Dissertation (MCom)--University of Pretoria, 2013.
Human Resource Management
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23

Ko, Kwan Wai. "Three essays on information and communication technology and financial globalization." Thesis, McGill University, 2006. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=100639.

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An advance in information and communication technology (ICT) is one of the most important forces in reshaping the world economy. So far, research on the role of ICT development in the financial globalization process is very limited. This dissertation is composed of three essays, which aim to fill part of this gap. The first essay explores transmission mechanism between Internet development and foreign direct investment (FDI) in developing economies. The second further investigates why developing economies cannot fully benefit from Internet development and provides policy recommendations. The third studies the relationship among financial integration, ICT and macroeconomic volatility in ten Asian economies.
The first essay examines three potential channels: inventory costs, market entry costs and payment of bribes, through which the Internet attracts FDI. It develops a model to explain the role of the Internet in determining inward FDI, and then empirically tests the hypotheses. The empirical findings show that the Internet development in developing economies attracts multinationals, since it reduces their costs of holding inventories and market entry costs. The Internet is found to reduce corruption, but evidence for their combined effects on FDI is mixed. In addition, this study performs Granger causality test and finds a causal relationship from the Internet to inward FDI stocks, rather than vice versa.
The second essay examines how the Internet---a communication network---which is characterized by the presence of positive and negative externalities affects the locational choice of FDI. A two-stage model is developed: at the first stage, multinational corporations do not cooperate and determine the degree of investment in Internet technologies, whereas, at the second stage, these firms engage in a Cournot quantity competition for a homogenous product. This model predicts that positive Internet externalities stimulate FDI while negative Internet externalities discourage FDI. These hypotheses are tested by the panel data estimation and the system general method of moments (GMM) estimator. The empirical findings provide strong evidence that the presence of negative Internet spillovers in developing countries discourages inward FDI, and the presence of positive Internet externalities in developed economies attracts more FDI.
The third essay looks at ten Asian economies committed to ICT development and financial integration, and presents evidence on whether or not they have experienced greater output fluctuations from 1980 to 2003. A two-country dynamic general equilibrium model is used and ICT is assumed to increase the volume and speed of capital flows. This study's model predicts that economies with a high ICT development or/and a high degree of financial integration exhibit greater output fluctuations in the face of monetary policy shocks, but lower output fluctuations in the face of fiscal policy shocks. The empirical findings estimated by using the panel vector autoregression approach support these predictions.

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Mak, Yuen-ki Vinci. "Implementation of information and communication technology in primary English reading." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2004. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B39848826.

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25

Lee, Hwee Hoon. "Information and communication technology in teaching : Singapore University teachers' perspectives." Thesis, University of Leicester, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2381/7547.

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The introduction of information and communication technology (ICT) into education has received both positive and negative responses from the stakeholders, namely, the school administrators, faculty and learners, and research into online teaching and learning has also shown both benefits and limitations offered by ICT. Indeed, resistance to ICT use is common among teachers. Studies have found that teacher beliefs about teaching and learning play a big part in teachers’ adoption of ICT use in their teaching. Similarly, contextual factors have been found to affect teachers’ response to ICT use. The objective of this study is to explore the relationship between teachers’ understandings of teaching and learning, their understandings of ICT affordances and their use of ICT in their teaching. The area of teacher beliefs is therefore pertinent to the study. Teacher knowledge and teacher learning are discussed in relation to conceptions of teaching and ICT use. Contextual factors are also examined to complete the investigation. Informants are sampled from among engineering and non-engineering faculty at a university in Singapore. Data are collected through interviews, and lexical choices and metaphors used by informants are examined for meaning. The themes are identified and analysed based on two metaphorical models of teaching, namely, Fox’s (1983) theories of teaching and Kember and Gow’s (1994) orientations to teaching. The findings are then presented and discussed in two parts: firstly, teachers’ understandings regarding teaching and learning and regarding ICT affordances, and their use of ICT in their teaching; and secondly, contextual factors that affect teachers’ decision to use ICT. The findings show, firstly, that face-to-face interaction, thinking and understanding, and the ‘right’ attitude are conceived by the engineering and non-engineering informants as the way that learning takes place. Secondly, the primary theories of teaching espoused by these teachers appear to be transfer and shaping theories. Thirdly, informants perceive ICT as a container, a place and a tool. These conceptions correspond to their teaching theories but only to an extent. Evident from the findings are tensions between beliefs and practice. Linked to informants’ understandings of teaching and learning and of ICT affordances is their perception of their roles and responsibilities when they use ICT in their teaching. Fourthly, informants generally perceive ICT as playing a complementary role in their teaching. They see the teacher and learner action as the two most essential elements for effective teaching and learning. From their emphasis on learner attitude and action, informants seem to value also the constructivist theory of learning. Contextual factors are also considered, as conditions can affect change in practice. These factors are found to include time, institutional support, and teacher and learner attitudes. In the discussion on how contextual variables interact with the pedagogical use of ICT, it is found that informants’ technological pedagogical knowledge needs to be developed and that support at policy level is needed to encourage teachers’ use of ICT. The implications of the findings and the contributions and limitations of the study are discussed in the concluding chapter. Also included in the final chapter are suggestions for future research. It is hoped that this study will help the education community understand teachers’ expectations and the classroom challenges they face as they work with ICT. The study can also help university administrators better meet teachers’ needs with regard to teaching using ICT.

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Mak, Yuen-ki Vinci, and 麥婉琪. "Implementation of information and communication technology in primary English reading." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2004. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B39848826.

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Le, hir Boris. "Capturing Information and Communication Technologies as a General Purpose Technology." Phd thesis, Ecole Centrale Paris, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00997417.

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This thesis aims to study Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) as a General Purpose Technology (GPT) and their role in the labor productivity evolution in the United States and Europe during recent decades. This thesis is organized in three parts corresponding to the fundamental GPT features: the wide possibilities for development, the ubiquity of the technology and the ability to create large technological opportunities. The first part depicts, at first, the innovation in ICT, beginning with a short historical review of ICT inventions followed by the analysis of current data on innovation in this field. In particular, it shows how the US was better than the European countries in inventing ICT until now. Second, this first part makes an inventory of measurement difficulties due to the rate and the nature of the change created by such technologies. The second part of the thesis deals with the ubiquitous nature of ICT. It first describes the ICT diffusion across countries and industries and reviews the economic literature on the direct contribution of ICT on labor productivity growth in the US and Europe. The next chapter studies the factor demand's behaviour in sectors that are either ICT producers or ICT intensive users. The third part focuses on the ICT ability to create opportunities for complementarity innovations. Firstly, it identifies the nature of ICT complementary innovations and the corresponding efforts. It shows, then, that national accounts must be improved in order to take these efforts into account as investments. Secondly, this part shows that, among the eleven European countries studied, the problem is highly concentrated in a few countries that invest less both in ICT and in innovative assets and that these two types of effort are complementary.

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Pazi, Shaban M. "Cost-effective Information and Communication Technology (ICT) infrastructure for Tanziania." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2010. http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/id/eprint/6272/.

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The research conducted an Information and Communication Technology (ICT) field survey, the results revealed that Tanzania is still lagging behind in the ICT sector due to the lack of an internationally connected terrestrial ICT infrastructure; Internet connectivity to the rest of the world is via expensive satellite links, thus leaving the majority of the population unable to access the Internet services due to its high cost. Therefore, an ICT backbone infrastructure is designed that exploits optical DWDM network technology, which un-locks bandwidth bottlenecks and provides higher capacity which will provide ICT services such as Internet, voice, videos and other multimedia interactions at an affordable cost to the majority of the people who live in the urban and rural areas of Tanzania. The research analyses and compares the performance, and system impairments, in a DWDM system at data transmission rates of 2.5 Gb/s and 10 Gb/s per wavelength channel. The simulation results show that a data transmission rate of 2.5 Gb/s can be successfully transmitted over a greater distance than 10 Gb/s with minimum system impairments. Also operating at the lower data rate delivers a good system performance for the required ICT services. A forty-channel DWDM system will provide a bandwidth of 100 Gb/s. A cost analysis demonstrates the economic worth of incorporating existing optical fibre installations into an optical DWDM network for the creation of an affordable ICT backbone infrastructure; this approach is compared with building a completely new optical fibre DWDM network or a SONET/SDH network. The results show that the ICT backbone infrastructure built with existing SSMF DWDM network technology is a good investment, in terms of profitability, even if the Internet charges are reduced to half current rates. The case for building a completely new optical fibre DWDM network or a SONET/SDH network is difficult to justify using current financial data.

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Ijambo, Liezel Jo-Anne. "An evaluation of mechanism for information communication technology service improvement." Thesis, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/1206.

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Submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the Master Technology: Quality in the Faculty of Engineering
The adoption of best practice methodologies within Information Communication Technology (ICT) departments, are on the increase in order to bring about quality in their day-to-day activities. Computer and Telecommunication Services (CTS) is the ICT department within Cape Peninsula University of Technology (CPUT), and is in no way exempted from this. CTS adopted ITIL (Information Technology Infrastructure Library) as an Information Technology Service Management (ITSM) best practice framework for service support and service delivery.CTS implemented a Service Desk function, Incident Management process, Change Management process, Information Technology Service Continuity process, and elements of other ITSM process. ICT organisations adopt an ad hoc approach in applying continuous process improvement mechanisms in the day-to-day operation of service support and service delivery processes and functions resulting in poor service support and service delivery.The primary research objectives are to identify the best practice principles and guidelines (i.e. IT, Quality, Project Management, etc.) adopted by CTS, to assist in establishing the gaps between the current status of these processes and the desired state. Further, to determine the elements or component parts of the proposed continuous process improvement mechanisms, to demonstrate the effectiveness of the implementation of such mechanisms, and to define metrics for proving measurable improvements to the processes.The adoption of continuous process improvement mechanisms will assist in mapping ITSM with other best practice methodologies (i.e. Quality and Project Management). A qualitative method will be used to review the existing processes and/or functions and highlight evidence of adherence to best practice methodologies. A quantitative method will be used to collect data from the CTS Service Desk and to conduct user surveys to determine current levels of service. These results will underline the elements and component parts needed for continuous process improvement.

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Yaacob, Raja. "Information Communication Technology (ICT) adoption in a Malaysian political party." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2011. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.549331.

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Favaretto, José Eduardo Ricciardi. "Stage level measurement of information and communication technology in organizations." reponame:Repositório Institucional do FGV, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10438/13580.

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In the modern Knowledge Economy, in the Big Data Era, properly understand the use and management of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) based on the academic field of the studies of Information Systems (IS), becomes increasingly important and strategic for organizations who seek: to remain active, to be able to meet new demands (internal and external) and to face the complex changes in market competition. This research uses the theory of stages of growth, substantiated by the studies of Richard L. Nolan in the 70s. The academic literature related to stages of growth models and the context of IS study field, provide the conceptual bases for this study. The research identifies a framework with its constructs related to the growth stages of the organizational initiatives of ICT/IS, starting from Nolan´s second level of benchmark variables, and proposes its implementation with the creation and development of a scale. With exploratory and descriptive characteristic, the research brings theoretical contribution to the paradigm of the stages of growth theory, adding a new growth process in its conceptual structure. As a result, it is provided a bilingual scale instrument (Portuguese and English), as well as, recommendations and rules for application of a survey type research instrument, to the continuity of this study. As a general implication of this research, it is expected that its use and application in measuring the stage level assessment of ICT/IS in organizations, can assist two types of individuals: academicians who study this thematic, as well as, practitioners seeking answers to their practical actions in organizations where they work.
Na moderna Economia do Conhecimento, na Era do Big Data, entender corretamente o uso e a gestão da Tecnologia de Informação e Comunicação (TIC) tendo como base o campo acadêmico de estudos de Sistemas de Informação (SI), torna-se cada vez mais relevante e estratégico para as organizações que pretendem: permanecer em atividade, estar aptas para atender novas demandas (internas e externas) e enfrentar as complexas mudanças na competição de mercado. Esta pesquisa utiliza a teoria dos estágios de crescimento, fundamentada pelos estudos de Richard L. Nolan nos anos 70. A literatura acadêmica relacionada com modelos de estágios de crescimento e o contexto do campo de estudo de SI, fornecem as bases conceituais deste estudo. A pesquisa identifica um modelo com seus construtos relacionados aos estágios de crescimento das iniciativas da TIC/SI organizacional, partindo das variáveis de benchmark de segundo nível de Nolan, e propõe sua operacionalização com a criação e desenvolvimento de uma escala. De caráter exploratório e descritivo, a pesquisa traz contribuição teórica ao paradigma da teoria dos estágios de crescimento, adicionando um novo processo de crescimento em sua estrutura conceitual. Como resultado, é disponibilizado além de um instrumento de escala bilíngue (português e inglês), recomendações e regras para aplicação de um instrumento de pesquisa do tipo survey, na continuidade deste estudo. Como implicação geral desta pesquisa, é esperado que seu uso e aplicação ao mensurar a avaliação do nível de estágio da TIC/SI em organizações, possam auxiliar dois perfis de indivíduos: acadêmicos que estudam essa temática, assim como, profissionais que buscam respostas de suas ações práticas nas organizações onde trabalham.

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32

Le, Hir Boris. "Capturing Information and Communication Technologies as a General Purpose Technology." Thesis, Châtenay-Malabry, Ecole centrale de Paris, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012ECAP0046/document.

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Cette thèse a pour objet l'étude des Technologies de l'Information et de la Communication (TIC) en tant que Technologie Générique (TG) ainsi que leur rôle dans l'évolution de la productivité du travail aux Etats-Unis et en Europe durant les dernières décennies. La thèse est constituée de trois parties axées chacune sur l'une des trois propriétés fondamentales des TG: le progrès rapide de la technologie, l'ubiquité de la technologie et la capacité à créer des opportunités technologiques. La première partie décrit, dans un premier chapitre, l'innovation dans le domaine des TIC, en commençant par un bref historique de ces technologies, suivie d'une analyse des données contemporaines sur l'innovation dans ce domaine. Elle montre en particulier comment les Etats-Unis ont été, jusqu'à présent, plus performants que les pays Européens dans le développement des TIC. Dans un deuxième chapitre, cette première partie inventorie les difficultés de mesures induites par la vitesse et la nature du changement généré par ces technologies. La seconde partie de la thèse traite de la nature ubiquitaire des TIC. Elle décrit d'abord la diffusion des TIC au cours du temps à travers les pays et les secteurs économiques, puis, établit une revue de la littérature sur la contribution directe de la diffusion des TIC à la croissance de la productivité du travail aux US et en Europe. Le second chapitre de cette partie s'intéresse au comportement de demande de facteurs de production dans les secteurs producteurs de TIC ou intensifs en utilisation des TIC. Enfin, la troisième partie de la thèse se concentre sur la capacité des TIC à générer des opportunités d'innovation. Pour cela elle identifie d'abord la nature des innovations complémentaires et les efforts menant à ces innovations. Elle montre alors la nécessité d'améliorer la comptabilité nationale afin de prendre en compte ces efforts comme des investissements. Cette partie révèle ensuite que, dans les onze pays européens étudiés, le problème est particulièrement concentré sur quelques pays qui investissent peu en TIC et en actifs innovants et que ces deux types d'efforts sont complémentaires
This thesis aims to study Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) as a General Purpose Technology (GPT) and their role in the labor productivity evolution in the United States and Europe during recent decades. This thesis is organized in three parts corresponding to the fundamental GPT features: the wide possibilities for development, the ubiquity of the technology and the ability to create large technological opportunities. The first part depicts, at first, the innovation in ICT, beginning with a short historical review of ICT inventions followed by the analysis of current data on innovation in this field. In particular, it shows how the US was better than the European countries in inventing ICT until now. Second, this first part makes an inventory of measurement difficulties due to the rate and the nature of the change created by such technologies. The second part of the thesis deals with the ubiquitous nature of ICT. It first describes the ICT diffusion across countries and industries and reviews the economic literature on the direct contribution of ICT on labor productivity growth in the US and Europe. The next chapter studies the factor demand's behaviour in sectors that are either ICT producers or ICT intensive users. The third part focuses on the ICT ability to create opportunities for complementarity innovations. Firstly, it identifies the nature of ICT complementary innovations and the corresponding efforts. It shows, then, that national accounts must be improved in order to take these efforts into account as investments. Secondly, this part shows that, among the eleven European countries studied, the problem is highly concentrated in a few countries that invest less both in ICT and in innovative assets and that these two types of effort are complementary

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Templeton, Travis H. "The Impact of Emergent Information and Communication Technology on Peacebuilding." Thesis, The George Washington University, 2017. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10282455.

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Information and communication technology (ICT) facilitates both the perpetuation of conflict and the coherence of peacebuilding efforts. ICT enhances the reach of belligerents motivated to promote conflict. ICT also accelerates the diffusion of narratives about the history, groups and motivations within conflict. These narratives promote rapid self-selection into identity groups within or on the periphery of a conflict, and reinforce motivations to continue or increase one’s commitment to conflict. ICT also allows peacebuilders to coordinate, cooperate and assess their impact on a faster, more comprehensive and more accurate basis. Tools that promote situational awareness of peacebuilding efforts can enable peacebuilders to achieve efficiency and impact through specialization. ICT that facilitates awareness of shared problems and opportunities for collaboration can prompt cooperation among both international and local peacebuilders. ICT further enhances the scope, accuracy and speed of peacebuilding monitoring and evaluation efforts. Conflict and peacebuilding are activities defined by the motivations of groups. ICT does not change these motivations, but it affords their operationalization. The peacebuilding community must adapt to the challenges and opportunities posed by the introduction of tools which allow ideas to rapidly inspire larger groups to act and be accountable for activities in peace and violence.

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34

Jacobs, Neil. "Scholarly communication, the information chain and technology : analyses and reflexions." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2001. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/7566.

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It is no longer easy to adopt deterministic explanations of scholarly communication, technology or the information chain. Complex and reflexive relations have built up between the substantive and methodological literatures relevant to these topics. This thesis aims to explore these relations with reference to two sets of interviews, one with academicr esearchersa nd the other with information professionals. These interviews were conducted in 1998-9 during the FIDDO Project, a part of the UK Joint Information Systems Committee `Electronic Libraries Programme'. Two major theoretical perspectives are employed to support two analytic methodologies. The first is social constructivism, which is representedm ethodologically in the thesis by discourse analysis. The second is actor-network theory, which is represented methodologically by co-word analysis. Both of these approaches are engaged in questions of relativism and realism in social explanation. The implementation of each of the methodologies involves innovative moves. The discourse analysis is focused on personal deixis (self-reference) located by pronoun-use, and on interest management. The co-word analysis is adapted from a scientometric technique and supplemented by the use of categorical definitions of the three topics. Each methodology is employed to analyse both sets of interviews. The four resulting sets of findings are presented in terms of the boundaries apparent between the three topical concepts. The boundaries between scholarly communication, technology and the information chain are found to vary, for example according to the identities of the interviewees responsible for the data. They also vary according to the methodology employed. Discourse analysis of interviews with information professionals suggests that the idea of technology is deployed as a dual repertoire, consisting of empowerment and automation, and that the pattern of this deployment is one constituent of the contested boundaries between the three topics. Co-word analysis of the same interviews suggests that an important focus of the boundaries is around the idea of electronic journals. Discourse analysis of interviews with academicr esearchersa lso reveals use of the dual technology repertoire, but in addition suggests that the category of formal scholarly communication acts to legitimate the interests of researchers. Co-word analysis of the same interviews suggests that a number of models of document access were in play, including those based on the library, on paper and on documents. The implications of these substantive analyses include that studies based on `user needs' or the `impact of technology' could benefit from an analysis of how such topics are constructed in particular accounts. Finally, the question is addressed as to the extent that the results of the discourse and the co-word analyses (of the same data) are compatible so that they can be meaningfully synthesised. That is, do the two approaches give rise to outcomes that have similar epistemological status? The question is answered `empirically' with reference to the issueo f reflexivity as it is configured in the two approachesa, nd it is confirmed that the two types of outcome are not compatible due to profound differences in the positions adopted by their respective informing theories. The methodological implications of this include that those engaged in relativist research practice need to be aware the ways in which epistemological and reflexive issues are relevant to their actions.

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Jackman, House Colleen. "Nurse educators' experiences of information technology." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape11/PQDD_0002/MQ42399.pdf.

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Sen, Rumela. "Transformation of humanitarianism the role of information and communication technology [ICT] /." Click here for download, 2009. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1786804491&sid=3&Fmt=2&clientId=3260&RQT=309&VName=PQD.

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Ågerfalk, Pär J. "Information Systems Actability : Understanding Information Technology as a Tool for Business Action and Communication." Doctoral thesis, Linköpings universitet, VITS - Laboratoriet för verksamhetsinriktad systemutveckling, 2003. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-4927.

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This dissertation is devoted to a perspective from which IT-based information systems are conceived as information technological artefacts intended for business action and communication. The perspective has been made concrete through the concept of information systems actability, which is the main concept under scrutiny. The research contributions of the dissertation exist at various levels of abstration. First of all, the dissertation contributes to the understanding of information systems from a social action perspective. Based on identified weaknesses in contemporary conceptualizations of information systems, the concept of information systems actability is developed. This contribution consists of a reconciliation of various views on information system usage quality with its roots in a linguistic tradition including elements from organizational semiotics and the language/action perspective. At a more concrete level, this understanding, and the concept as such, have consequences for the development and evaluation of information systems. Such consequences have been the foundation for a proposed information systems design method, which thus constitutes a further contribution. Another contribution is the outlining of an information systems actability. As a further means of obtaining empirical experience of working with this concept, a descriptive analytic framework has been developed, which constitutes yet another contribution. These three operationalizations, the design method, the evaluation method and the analytic framework, have been developed and empirically grounded through a qualitative case study appproach involving four cases of information systems requirements specification, four evaluations of existing information systems, and two cases of description and characterization of information systems related phenomena from the perspective of actability. The latter two cases imply how further contributions at an even more concrete level, constituted by characterizations of Internet-based information systems and the local electronic marketplace, seen in the light of information systems actability.

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Ågerfalk, Pär J. "Information systems actability : understanding information technology as a tool for business action and communication /." Linköping : Univ, 2003. http://www.ep.liu.se/diss/information_science/2003/07/index.html.

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蘇冠強 and Koon-keung Teddy So. "The role of information technology coordinator in the implementation of information and communication technology in schools of Hong Kong." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2002. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31256442.

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So, Koon-keung Teddy. "The role of information technology coordinator in the implementation of information and communication technology in schools of Hong Kong /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 2002. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B25148424.

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Hartle, Frank X. III. "Technology Innovation| A Study of Wireless, Visual Information Communication Technology on Situational Awareness for Tactical Police Commanders." Thesis, Robert Morris University, 2015. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3702800.

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Technology innovations in visual, wireless communications have yet to be leveraged by law enforcement. These technologies have a future in law enforcement. This limited study has provided evidence that the addition of visual, wireless communication for tactical police commanders enhances situational awareness and speeds decision making. In addition, this study has established that the technology would be accepted for use by police tactical officers once utility is demonstrated. Several issues remain that may delay its widespread adoption. These include unfamiliarity, a police centric design that is rugged, reliable and without impaired vision, and liability and cost. In addition, there is not a current wireless, broadband backbone that could transmit the signals over a large distance. Once these limitations have been overcome this technology has the potential to revolutionize policing and tactical law enforcement.

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Hands, Nicole M. "Detection of communication over DNSSEC covert channels." Thesis, Purdue University, 2016. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10181541.

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Unauthorized data removal and modification from information systems represents a major and formidable threat in modern computing. Security researchers are engaged in a constant and escalating battle with the writers of malware and other methods of network intrusion to detect and mitigate this threat. Advanced malware behaviors include encryption of communications between the server and infected client machines as well as various strategies for resilience and obfuscation of infrastructure. These techniques evolve to use any and all available mechanisms. As the Internet has grown, DNS has been expanded and has been given security updates. This study analyzed the potential uses of DNSSEC as a covert channel by malware writers and operators. The study found that changing information regarding the Start of Authority (SOA) and resigning the zone can create a covert channel. The study provided a proof of concept for this previously undocumented covert channel that uses DNSSEC.

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Laguda, W. B. "Electronic government, information communication technologies and social inclusion." Thesis, University of Salford, 2003. http://usir.salford.ac.uk/26767/.

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The UK's E-Government agenda was found on the principles of improving the quality of services offered to the public by Central and Local Government. This would be made possible through various national projects. Most notable were the use of Customer Relationship Management (CRM) and Community Informatics involving the use of public libraries and outreach workers. However there is growing fear on the emergence of inequalities between the information rich and information poor termed the 'digital divide'. This has prompted the subject of research - to explore the reality of e-government in reducing social exclusion. Both qualitative and quantitative research techniques are used to this end. Analysis is made on the use of CRM in 27 Local Authorities including a detailed case study at Newham Council and a public survey in Salford. Universal access and social inclusion is tackled through the analysis of public libraries in Salford offering ICT services. In addition the effects of free ICT courses organised by Salford City Council on a number of community groups was included in the survey. The findings confirm the widespread use of CRM and reveal a series of barriers to its success. These include a lack of skilled CRM staff, inefficiencies in channel management, high emphasis on technology, and low levels of ICT usage. Results from the public library survey also revealed some barriers. Inadequate staffing levels, inappropriate training, and lack of IT support were all identified. In addition the library failed to attract novices and new users. The evaluation of Community Informatics in Salford showed the problems faced by outreach workers. As well as providing some academic research in a field lacking representation in IS research (due largely to recent emergence), the thesis also contributes to E-Government practice by, highlighting issues often over looked in its implementation, addressing its failures, and providing some reasoning on the current situation.

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Al-Saleem, Naifa Eid. "An investigation into beliefs about information and communication technology held by faculty members in an Omani university and their professional practice with information and communication technology." Thesis, University of Exeter, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.434354.

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Martins, Henrique Manuel Gil. "Use of mobile Information Communication Technology (ICT) devices in clinical settings." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.614177.

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Seo, Wang-Jin. "Political ecology and environmental justice analysis of information and communication technology." Access to citation, abstract and download form provided by ProQuest Information and Learning Company; downloadable PDF file, 273 p, 2010. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1993336291&sid=7&Fmt=2&clientId=8331&RQT=309&VName=PQD.

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Rabogadi, Thulaganyo Arnold. "Strategies Information and Communication Technology Managers Use to Build Employee Competencies." ScholarWorks, 2017. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/3573.

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The World Economic Forum (WEF) found that Botswana's information and communication technology (ICT) networked readiness index (NRI) had declined from position 89 in 2012 to 104 in 2015. A decline in Botswana's ICT NRI resulted in a modest gross domestic product (GDP) growth increasing from 4.2% in 2012 to 5.0% in 2015. The purpose of this qualitative multiple case study was to explore strategies ICT service provider managers use to build employee competencies to address ICT infrastructure performance deficiencies. The target population for this study consisted of over 120 managers from 2 ICT service providers located in Gaborone and Francistown in Botswana. The conceptual framework for this study was information technology (IT) competency model. Face-to-face interviews with 15 managers and a review of 12 company documents were gathered and all interpretations from the data were subjected to member checking to ensure the trustworthiness of the study findings. The thematic analyses of participants' interviews and company documents resulted in the emergence of 3 common themes: developing professional employee competencies through training, promoting knowledge acquisition and skills transfer, and developing budgets for funding the development of employee competencies. Participants cited training and professional development as a reason for ICT infrastructure performance deficiencies. Social implications from this study include developing strategies business managers can use to build employee competencies to improve ICT infrastructure performance, which could result in improved services to citizens and enhanced national development, social transformation, and economic diversification.

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Park, YoungAh. "Work and Non-work Boundary Management: Using Communication and Information Technology." Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1254771170.

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Sun, Na. "INFORMED AGING: INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY USAGE AND CANCER SCREENING BELIEFS." Miami University / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1535473057273981.

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Alkhawaldeh, Mustafa. "Information and communication technology (ICT) : practice within Jordanian early years education." Thesis, Swansea University, 2014. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.678628.

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This study investigates the current status of integration and implementation of ICT practice in Jordanian kindergartens, stakeholders' understanding of policy recommendations for ICT integration, obstructions to the implementation of ICT practices in ECE, and the types of ICT practices used in ECE and their effects on children's development.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Information and communication technology – Nairobi'

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