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Liu, Xiaoning. "Bluetooth information exchange network." Click here to access this resource online, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10292/722.
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Bluetooth is a low cost and low power wireless technology for connecting portable and / or fixed Bluetooth enabled devices to form short-range wireless ad hoc personal area networks (PANs). As the Bluetooth specification does not specify a protocol to form ad hoc Bluetooth networks, a method for forming an efficient Bluetooth network under a practical networking scenario is still an open research problem. This thesis introduces an approach to implement an indoor ad hoc Bluetooth wireless network, Bluetooth information exchange network (BIEN). This network formation is based on Bluetooth and Java technologies. A set of Bluetooth enabled devices configured with the BIEN software application are able to spontaneously establish a dynamic multi-hop wireless network using Bluetooth technology without the need of formal network infrastructure, centralized administration, fixed routers or access points. In this study, the performance evaluation focuses on the relation between network capacity and topology by testing end-to-end performance in terms of throughput and the latency of communication links with various parameters, including the hop number between nodes and the number of slaves in piconets. The evaluation results show that the throughput reduces with the increased length of a path, and with an increase in the number of slaves in a piconet in the network. The latency also increases with path length, and with the number of slaves in a piconet in the different experimental BIENs, whether if there is traffic or not in the networks. Experimental results have further confirmed the necessity to minimize the number of bridge nodes in the Bluetooth networks due to their traffic bottleneck effect. This work is an attempt at implementation of a distributed multi-hop scatter net with an integrated routing protocol in the practical environments, while most of the literature focuses on covering the modelling of it. It intends to demonstrate how Bluetooth technology with Java technology can be used to design, develop and deploy ad hoc wireless networks with the commercial Bluetooth devices, and examine how well Bluetooth technology supports ad hoc multi-hop wireless network technology.
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Mårtenson, Wikström Eva. "Information exchange in paediatric care." Doctoral thesis, Linköpings universitet, Omvårdnad, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-18007.
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Information exchange is an essential component for all involved in the paediatric care encounter. Despite this, most of the research about information exchange concerns adults and the significance of the child’s existence in the encounter have not been given sufficient attention. Therefore, the overall aims of this thesis were twofold. Firstly, the aim was to identify, describe and generate concepts in information exchange between minors, parents/guardians and health care professionals in paediatric care situations. Secondly, the intention was to formulate a theoretical construction, a theory, of the phenomenon of information exchange in paediatric care situations. This thesis is based on four studies. In studies I, II and III grounded theory was used according to Glaser and data have been analyzed using the constant comparative analysis method. Data have been collected through observations and medical records (I, II and III) and also with additional follow-up interviews (III). In study IV, at first a qualitative content analysis of Løgstrup’s ethical demand was conducted and, second, a simultaneous concept analysis of the findings from studies I, II and III and the findings from the qualitative content analysis was carried out. There were a total of 67 participants in the three observational studies: 28 minors (I), 24 parents/guardians (II) and 15 health care professionals (III), who exchanged information in different paediatric care encounters. The information exchange interaction process was resolved by the minors “balancing the circumstances” (I), the parents/guardians used “firm handling” (II) and the health care professionals were “sharing and contributing the responsibility” (III). The qualitative content analysis of Løgstrup’s ethical demand provided the mediation and the social norms. The simultaneous concept analysis finally gave the advanced outcome to intergrade, which means to merge gradually with another through a continuous series of intermediates. At the same time as we intergrade in paediatric care, we protect the totality of minors, recognize the dependency of the parents/guardians and the social interplay by the health care professionals, the information exchange is improved. This thesis emphasizes the importance of health care professionals’ communication skills and the need for education and practice in this topic, in order to improve the information exchange with minors and their parents/guardians from an ethical viewpoint. The theory intergrade explains how this could be applied and implemented.
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Roberts, Mark Andrew. "Information and exchange rate dynamics." Thesis, University of Warwick, 1988. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/4460/.
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Theoretical models of the exchange rate are developed where information on the model is not fully available to agents. It is an application of Benjamin Friedman's (1979) theme that full rational expectations may be a possibility only in the long-run, even for completely rational individuals. The thesis attempts to develop the theory of exchange rate behaviour by considering some neglected informational issues. The three substantive chapters each consider specific aspects of relevance to the determination of the exchange rate from an asset market view of perfect capital mobility. These are the possible current account inter-relationship, the persistence of interest rate differentials between the two currencies and the subjectivity of and the regress in beliefs across a decentralised market. Generally, limited information on the model will give rise to erroneous beliefs, on the one hand, and encourage the acquistion of information and the revision of beliefs, on the other. Erroneous beliefs will cause correlations between variables, which may not normally occur inside full rational expectations. The revision of beliefs will bring a particular source of non-stationarity to the data. And the stability of certain learning forms may require limitations on the degree of capital mobility. These conclusions would suggest that any empirical work on modelling the exchange rate may gain from relaxing certain a priori restrictions, which properly belong to models with stronger assumptions on the availability of information.
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Hunt, Richard Wayne. "SNAP/DDN interface for information exchange/." Thesis, Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/23395.
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This theses examines shipboard nontactical, unclassified information exchange and recommends a methodology which will reduce message traffic loading on the Naval Telecommunications System (NTS) and improve administrative performance in the fleet. The Navy's organizational information requirements are reviewed and evaluated. Specifically, it explores the advantages and difficulties of connecting Shipboard Nontactical ADP Program (SNAP) systems to the Defense Data Network (DDN). A review of existing information exchange procedures, including NTS, SNAP II, and DDN, is provided. An overview of the future Navy Data Communications Control Architecture (NDCCA) is presented along with an interim proposal to connect current and future architectures. An analysis of present Navy and commercial organizations using DDN-type applications such as File Transfer Protocol (FTP) and electronic mail is presented. Keywords: Message reduction, Shipboard, Electronic mail, Shipboard information exchange, Theses
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Goyal, Amit 1979. "Synchronized exchange of material and information." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/17605.
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Thesis (M.Eng.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, June 2003.Includes bibliographical references (leaves 39-41).
Commerce is all about the carefully managed exchange of material, money, and information. Traditionally, the connection between material and information has been tenuous, with humans acting as the intermediaries. This has made the supply chain inefficient and expensive. The Auto-lID Center has created a stronger, automatic link between inanimate objects and computers. This thesis completes the information exchange, or feedback loop, which makes commerce possible. Specifically, it identifies a framework for information exchange alongside material exchange using Savant-to-Savant communication. Messaging standards will need to support the Auto-ID Center's technology, and this thesis suggests how to augment existing and emerging communication standards to accomplish this feat. Finally, to address the issue of increasing information management, this thesis analyzes the aggregation database, an IT infrastructure component that might be of value to organizations. The outcome of this thesis is an understanding of the various issues necessary to develop a secure, efficient and robust system for tracking and automatically confirming material exchange.
by Amit Goyal.
M.Eng.
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Bellamy, Lisa. "Student Visa Control and Information Exchange." ScholarWorks, 2015. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/1640.
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Expired student visas can contribute to illegal residence in the U.S. and may also be a valuable source of information for Homeland Security. Although the reason for remaining in the U.S. might be for nonthreatening purposes, threatening actions could occur as an individual gets lost in the country. The purpose of this study was to determine how visas were issued, the reasons an individual may remain beyond the approved visa date, and the mechanisms intelligence and law enforcement agencies use to exchange information with each other. This research was based on the new war theory and the Lockwood Analytical Method for Prediction (LAMP) in order to predict results or intentions an individual may have with a student visa overstay. Quantitative nonimmigrant student visa data sets derived from the State Department were used to apply findings for a pair wise comparison. The pairwise comparison of issued visas involved completing a rank order comparison as determined by the LAMP Method. The benefit of this quantitative methods study was to demonstrate the need and reason to share information between the relevant enforcement agencies. The small detail of visas being attributed to terrorist events is minimal; however, there are known events involving visa overstays and terrorist events. The results noted major trends in the number of nonimmigrant student visas, organized by year, which could be directly linked to changes in U.S. international relations with other countries. This quasi-experimental research influences positive social change by utilizing information amongst law enforcement and intelligence agencies in accordance with location of individuals residing in the U.S. on expired student visas.
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Park, Keebong. "Exchange-traded funds and information asymmetry." Thesis, Aston University, 2008. http://publications.aston.ac.uk/15368/.
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This thesis focuses on three main questions. The first uses ExchangeTraded Funds (ETFs) to evaluate estimated adverse selection costs obtained spread decomposition models. The second compares the Probability of Informed Trading (PIN) in Exchange-Traded Funds to control securities. The third examines the intra-day ETF trading patterns. These spread decomposition models evaluated are Glosten and Harris (1988); George, Kaul, and Nimalendran (1991); Lin, Sanger, and Booth (1995); Madhavan, Richardson, and Roomans (1997); Huang and Stoll (1997). Using the characteristics of ETFs it is shown that only the Glosten and Harris (1988) and Madhavan, et al (1997) models provide theoretically consistent results. When the PIN measure is employed ETFs are shown to have greater PINs than control securities. The investigation of the intra-day trading patterns shows that return volatility and trading volume have a U-shaped intra-day pattern. A study of trading systems shows that ETFs on the American Stock Exchange (AMEX) have a U-shaped intra-day pattern of bid-ask spreads, while ETFs on NASDAQ do not. Specifically, ETFs on NASDAQ have higher bid-ask spreads at the market opening, then the lowest bid-ask spread in the middle of the day. At the close of the market, the bid-ask spread of ETFs on NASDAQ slightly elevated when compared to mid-day.
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Holmlund, Andreas, and Richard Sjöberg. "Information exchange with CIM for Engergy Industry." Thesis, KTH, Industriella informations- och styrsystem, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-81408.
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To produce, transfer and deliver energy within the power system, reliable and available information systems are a part of the key to success. Information about the grid states, outages, assets, locations, customers etc. is required to operate the business. Information systems need to exchange information, both within a utility and with external utilities. Since different utilities use different information systems with different information models an incentive for a standardized information model occurs. The Common Information Model (CIM) is an information model standardized by International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC). Since this information model is a standard and covers many areas of business it becomes abstract, complex and intangible. Therefore adaptation and delimitation is required before implementation. In this study CIM is analyzed and then compatibility tested in the context of network model data exchange. The data is provided from a network operations unit within a company in the energy distribution business. The information exchange specification is used to adapt CIM to the specific situation. Then the corresponding CIM data is located in the source data. At last a transformation example is provided with a suggested syntax. According to this study and the observations made from the sample data an implementation should be feasible. However such an implementation will require engineering.
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D'Souza, Chris. "Information and learning in foreign exchange markets." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape7/PQDD_0007/NQ42940.pdf.
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Ng, Edward Hon Khay. "Public information and foreign exchange rate volatility." Connect to resource, 1990. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view.cgi?acc%5Fnum=osu1261503175.
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Pickering, William Roy. "Improved pharmaceutical information exchange with developing countries." Thesis, City University London, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.260314.
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Manchaiah, Vinaya, and Brenda Louw. "Global Engagement: Problem Solving and Information Exchange." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2016. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/2140.
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This interactive session provides opportunities (1) to share ideas for infusing global perspectives and goals into CAPCSD projects, conferences, and the work of committees and task forces; (2) to discuss ways to collaborate in an ongoing global engagement projects and help include content for 2017 conference; and (3) to create how-to guides for ethical and culturally attuned translational research, and clinical education, and service learning.
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Almalohi, Mussaad. "Implementing Health Information Exchange System: Saudi Arabia." Digital Commons at Loyola Marymount University and Loyola Law School, 2015. https://digitalcommons.lmu.edu/etd/350.
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In Saudi Arabia, medical errors are at an alarming level. Lack of a Health Information Exchange (HIE) system is one the greatest reasons for medical errors in the Kingdom. Health care in many countries has evolved with the invention of electronic health information exchange system, henceforth HIE. This research paper purposes to implement HIE in Saudi Arabia, which entirely does not have a system of the sort. It is imperative instill HIE in the health care system in Saudi to allow physicians, nurses, health care facilities as well as patients to electronically share medical information in a safe and secure manner.
Many countries such as United States, New Zealand and Germany have had great success with the HIE system and have reported vast benefits. Benefits of HIE are such as reduction of health care cost as well as decreasing medical errors. For Saudi Arabia to reach the same heights, many stakeholders will be involved in the triumph of the HIE system in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The biggest contributor will be the Ministry of Health, which will be in charge of implementing as well as making the system mandatory in the main four hospitals in the country: Shomasy, Kind Saud University Hospital, Ministry of interior Hospital and Ministry of Defense Hospital. Each hospital having their own current medical information recording system, will now have one universal system that is made sure to be secure and safe for patients as well as other participating organizations who have access to the HIE system.
The main concentration of the HIE system in Saudi Arabia will be in the emergency care of these four hospitals. It is crucial to have an organized and controlled way of recording as well as accessing patient medical records electronically, in a fast and effective way. This paper proposes that an HIE system in Saudi Arabia will reduce the cost of medical care and decrease medical errors. Through the use of Lean thinking and the use of quality tools, the HIE system will be able to change and increase the reliably as well as effectiveness of Urgent Care in the country and therefore have consequent benefits as well. Also, understanding who is going to play a great role in the triumph of the HIE system, such as the Ministry of Health and knowing what stakeholders will need to be affiliated and contribute will lead the project to a better success.
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Hagstrand, Simon. "Social Knowledge Exchange : How Individuals exchange and interpret information to recieve correct understanding." Thesis, Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för hälsa och lärande, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:his:diva-13016.
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Khalifa, Nermin M. "Impact of information exchange on supply chain strategies." Thesis, Middlesex University, 2010. http://eprints.mdx.ac.uk/12443/.
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Due to globalisation and the competition faced from Asian countries, there is an emergent need to investigate how to extend the limited capabilities of developing countries in order to survive in the market as well as reach global market. Developing countries play an important role as OEM units to provide global markets with under-brand names. Many difficulties face the industrial zones in these countries in their attempt to reach this target and these prevent them from providing their own brands. For example, many sectors in Egyptian industry are outperformed by Chinese competition and have even lost their domestic market share. Textiles are one of the most affected industries as a result of this competition. The risk of Egyptian fabrics vanishing from global markets is indicated by a huge reduction in export rate after the quota phase-out. Egyptian textile producers rely on global agreements to reach global markets. The period after the Multi-Fibre agreement shows an obvious drop in exportation rates till the Qualified Industrial Zones (QIZ) agreement was issued. Can the same scenario occur after QIZ quota phase-out? What should Egyptian fabric manufacturer do? Since the situation is alarming and may result in exporting the high quality Egyptian cotton to global markets instead of to its domestic manufacturers, the flood of Chinese fabrics in Egyptian Markets requires that the question “how to survive and compete with low-cost Chinese fabrics?” be investigated. The aim of the research was to investigate the deficiencies experienced by Egyptian firms trying to reach global markets and maintain their domestic market share. The research conducted an exploratory-explanatory empirical study to identify the major issues facing textile fabricators in Egyptian industrial zones. Case studies and a survey outcome were matched to provide validated empirical findings. An Interpretive Structuring Modelling approach was used to indicate the stages of supply chain deficiencies based on the case study findings. The major issues causing supply chain deficiencies are defined from the case study analysis and validated using the survey approach. The outcome of the empirical study indicates that supply chain design, integration and IT infrastructure are considered as major issues that lead to the existing deficiencies of the textile industry supply chain in Egypt despite the low level assigned to their importance. At the same time, production and procurement issues are considered as dependant on poor supply chain design, IT infrastructure and unreliable forecasting despite the high level assigned to their importance. A stage-based model for supply chain deficiencies in the Egyptian textile sector was highlighted in this study to indicate dependency and driving power among internal deficiencies. A framework, indicates supply chain deficiencies and their leading factors in Egypt, was concluded from this study. The study points out a number of external issues related to the surrounding environment and the government’s role in contributing to the aggravation of the existing deficiencies. The research uses simulation techniques to test the proposed solution that might provide better supply chain performance. A System Dynamic approach is used to model a case study of the investigated industry. Different scenarios of fulfilling local and international orders have been tested. These scenarios are represented in: expansion of production capacity, reduction of inventory levels or reduction of procurement time. Since addressing the internal deficiency, which empirical study respondents’ pointed out as being the most important one, could not provide an adaquate solution for the existing deficiencies, supply chain re-structuring to represent a collaborative pattern between partners was, therefore, tested and proved to have a great effect on supply chain performance. A collaborative pattern among supply chain partners indicated its positive impact on supply chain performance. The simulation experiments prove that the individual decisions of supply chain partners cannot bring about improvement to supply chain cost and responsiveness. The negative impact of an unreliable logistic system on supply chain performance was confirmed through the simulation experiments. The study provides the managerial levels in textile organisations with a solid causal basis for the supply chain deficiencies in the Egyptian textile sector. The outcome of the work can be employed by governmental authorities to address such difficulties and accelerate the growth of this sector globally. The thesis provides the fundamentals for investigating deficiencies in developing countries that might be extended by other researchers to investigate other defective sectors in Egypt and other developing countries.
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Dell'Ariccia, Giovanni. "Asymmetric information, exchange rate uncertainty and banking competition." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/10317.
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Qaddoura, Fady. "Bi-Directional Information Exchange with Computing Handheld Devices." ScholarWorks@UNO, 2007. http://scholarworks.uno.edu/td/536.
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The "Bi-Directional Information Exchange with Handheld Computing Devicesz' project introduces two new concepts: dynamic "digital receipts" and "personal data warehousing." Dynamic digital receipts means digitalizing paper transactions generated from points of sale. Personal data warehousing means organizing and collecting data for later viewing and analysis. The consumer will be able to use a handheld device such as a cell phone or PDA to receive and store a transaction in XML format. Later on, the user can upload the receipt through a web application to a personal data warehouse for storage or management of receipts. The web interface also allows users to export the receipts to money management software. The digital receipt is transferred from the point of sale to the handheld device using Bluetooth technology. The implementation of the digital receipt concept will allow users to manage their receipts and store them neatly without restrictions on manipulating their own data.
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Yiu, Lai Kuen Candy. "Chinese character synthesis : towards universal Chinese information exchange." HKBU Institutional Repository, 2003. http://repository.hkbu.edu.hk/etd_ra/477.
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Grigalashvili, Mariam. "Taxpayers’ rights protection during exchange of information : Whether taxpayers’ rights (right to privacy, participation rights) aresufficiently protected during exchange of information." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Juridiska institutionen, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-409537.
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McAlinden, Leo. "Information modelling to support the exchange of safety information in the process industries." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.265543.
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Porterfield, Tobin Edward. "Supply chain strategy and the benefits of information exchange." College Park, Md. : University of Maryland, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1903/7214.
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Thesis (Ph. D.) -- University of Maryland, College Park, 2007.Thesis research directed by: Business and Management: Logistics, Business & Public Policy. Title from t.p. of PDF. Includes bibliographical references. Published by UMI Dissertation Services, Ann Arbor, Mich. Also available in paper.
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Robinson, Laura Jeanette Bailey L. Conner. "Information Exchange Among Environmental Groups in Alabama and Romania." Auburn, Ala., 2006. http://repo.lib.auburn.edu/2006%20Fall/Dissertations/ROBINSON_LAURA_3.pdf.
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Griffin, Clive Robert. "The exchange of engineering information using complex data structures." Thesis, London South Bank University, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.357262.
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Bimpikis, Kostas. "Strategic delay and information exchange in endogenous social networks." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/62405.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Sloan School of Management, Operations Research Center, 2010.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 160-165).
This thesis studies optimal stopping problems for strategic agents in the context of two economic applications: experimentation in a competitive market and information exchange in social networks. The economic agents (firms in the first application, individuals in the second) take actions, whose payoffs depend on an unknown underlying state. Our framework is characterized by the following key feature: agents time their actions to take advantage of either the outcome of the actions of others (experimentation model) or information obtained over time by their peers (information exchange model). Equilibria in both environments are typically inefficient, since information is imperfect and, thus, there is a benefit in being a late mover, but delaying is costly. More specifically, in the first part of the thesis, we develop a model of experimentation and innovation in a competitive multi-firm environment. Each firm receives a private signal on the success probability of a research project and decides when and which project to implement. A successful innovation can be copied by other firms. We start the analysis by considering the symmetric environment, where the signal quality is the same for all firms. Symmetric equilibria (where actions do not depend on the identity of the firm) always involve delayed and staggered experimentation, whereas the optimal allocation never involves delays and may involve simultaneous rather than staggered experimentation. The social cost of insufficient experimentation can be arbitrarily large. Then, we study the role of simple instruments in improving over equilibrium outcomes. We show that appropriately-designed patents can implement the socially optimal allocation (in all equilibria) by encouraging rapid experimentation and efficient ex post transfer of knowledge across firms. In contrast to patents, subsidies to experimentation, research, or innovation cannot typically achieve this objective. We also discuss the case when signal quality is private information and differs across firms. We show that in this more general environment patents again encourage experimentation and reduce delays. In the second part, we study a model of information exchange among rational individuals through communication and investigate its implications for information aggregation in large societies. An underlying state (of the world) determines which action has higher payoff. Agents receive a private signal correlated with the underlying state. They then exchange information over their social network until taking an (irreversible) action. We define asymptotic learning as the fraction of agents taking an action that is close to optimal converging to one in probability as a society grows large. Under truthful communication, we show that asymptotic learning occurs if (and under some additional conditions, also only if) in the social network most agents are a short distance away from "information hubs", which receive and distribute a large amount of information. Asymptotic learning therefore requires information to be aggregated in the hands of a few agents. We also show that while truthful communication is not always optimal, when the communication network induces asymptotic learning (in a large society), truthful communication is an equilibrium. Then, we discuss the welfare implications of equilibrium behavior. In particular, we compare the aggregate welfare at equilibrium with that of the optimal allocation, which is defined as the strategy profile a social planner would choose, so as to maximize the expected aggregate welfare. We show that when asymptotic learning occurs all equilibria are efficient. A partial converse is also true: if asymptotic learning does not occur at the optimal allocation and an additional mild condition holds at an equilibrium, then the equilibrium is inefficient. Furthermore, we discuss how our learning results can be applied to several commonly studied random graph models, such as preferential attachment and Erdos-Renyi graphs. In the final part, we study strategic network formation in the context of information exchange. In particular, we relax the assumption that the social network over which agents communicate is fixed, and we let agents decide which agents to form a communication link with incurring an associated cost. We provide a systematic investigation of what types of cost structures and associated social cliques (consisting of groups of individuals linked to each other at zero cost, such as friendship networks) ensure the emergence of communication networks that lead to asymptotic learning. Our result shows that societies with too many and sufficiently large social cliques do not induce asymptotic learning, because each social clique would have sufficient information by itself, making communication with others relatively unattractive. Asymptotic learning results if social cliques are neither too numerous nor too large, in which case communication across cliques is encouraged.
by Kostas Bimpikis.
Ph.D.
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Wang, David 1977. "Automated semantic correlation between multiple schema for information exchange." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/86564.
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Thesis (S.B. and M.Eng.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 2000.Includes bibliographical references (p. 83-86).
by David Wang.
S.B.and M.Eng.
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zhang, peng. "An Empirical Study of Health Information Exchange Success Factors." FIU Digital Commons, 2017. https://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/3537.
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The healthcare system in the US faces substantial challenges related to cost, access and quality. Health Information Exchange (HIE) has been widely viewed as a viable solution for dealing with those challenges. Despite the potential contributions to the healthcare system that HIE promises, adoption and use of HIE have always been difficult, and the past two decades have witnessed significant HIE implementation failures.
The limited understanding of HIE is a major obstacle for HIE success. Only recently in-depth research about HIE starts to appear in top IS journals. In addition, the uniqueness of healthcare industry adds to the complexity to HIE. Our study attempts to address this research gap by systematically examining multiple factors that influence HIE adoption and use. Using social exchange theory (SET) and diffusion of innovations theory, a research model was developed to empirically test major factors that impact healthcare providers’ relative advantages and risks perceptions for adopting and using HIE. It is further proposed that relative advantages and risks in turn impact organizations’ intentions for adopting and continuously using HIE. As such, we posit that organizations’ assessments of relative advantages and risks associated with HIE mediate the impacts of organizational and technological factors on organizations’ adoption and use intentions.
This study uses questionnaire surveys for data collection. Out of a total of 163 responses, 117 surveys were completed and were analyzed using Partial Least Square software SmartPLS 3. Data analysis finds that most of the relationships were in the hypothesized directions with some of the relationships being significant. Specifically, top management support, absorptive capacity, trust, and HIE innovation characteristics positively affect relative advantages and negatively affect risk. Furthermore, relative advantages positively affect adoption/continuance intentions, whereas risk negatively affects adoption/continuance intentions.
This study contributes to the literature and offers important practical implications. It is one of the early empirical attempts to understand the key factors that affect HIE’s adoptions and use. The research can also serve as a starting point for more in-depth studies in the future. Moreover, practitioners can use the several newly-developed scales to empirically examine healthcare providers’ adoption and use intentions.
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Rose, Christopher. "Exchange of tax information : neutrality and inter-nation equity." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2007. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:0bd51a41-1b12-411c-870f-ec36dfe724b5.
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Tax information exchange has been one of the principal themes in taxation related multilateral dialogue over the past ten years. This dialogue has been influenced by competing claims that various concepts of fairness, equity or efficiency supported particular proposals to reform tax information exchange practices. Much of the debate has focused on considerations of administrative efficiency and inter-individual equity in a single state context, to the exclusion of issues related to global welfare and inter-nation equity. The lack of consideration given to inter-nation equity highlights a gap in the tax literature. The first part of this thesis locates the research and poses a series of questions relating to the theory underlying concepts of fairness, inter-nation equity and the neutrality of taxation systems in the context of tax information exchange. It illustrates that while theory suggests that the provision of tax information to foreign tax authorities may enhance tax administration efficiency and assist in ensuring horizontal and vertical equity among taxpayers in a single state, it also suggests that it may do so in some instances at the expense of global economic efficiency and inter-nation equity. New constraints on tax information exchange are proposed as mechanisms which will decrease the risk of undermining inter-nation equity and economic efficiency. The second part of this thesis presents a case study examination of the extent to which considerations of inter-nation equity and fairness have influenced the evolution of proposals for tax information exchange in the context of the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development's Harmful Tax Competition Initiative. It also examines the extent to which international regime theory may contribute to an understanding of that Initiative and its proposals for tax information exchange. The final part of the thesis presents a series of answers to the questions posed as well as observations relating to the implications for both theory and policy arising from the answers.
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Braun, Julia, and Martin Zagler. "Tax Information Exchange with Developing Countries and Tax Havens." WU Vienna University of Economics and Business, Universität Wien, 2015. http://epub.wu.ac.at/4685/1/SSRN%2Did2683551.pdf.
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The exchange of tax information has received ample attention recently, due to a number of recent headlines on aggressive tax planning and tax evasion. Whilst both participating tax authorities will gain when foreign investments (FDI) are bilateral, we demonstrate that FDI receiving nations will lose in asymmetric situations. We solve a bargaining model that proves that tax information exchange will only happen voluntarily with compensation for this loss. We then present empirical evidence in a global panel and find that a tax information exchange agreement (TIEA) or a double tax treaty with information exchange (DTT) is more likely when the capital importer is compensated through official development assistence (ODA). We finally demonstrate how the foreign account tax compliance act (FATCA) and similar international
initiatives bias the bargaining outcome in favour of capital exporting countries. (authors' abstract)Series: WU International Taxation Research Paper Series
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Vorrath, Jonathan J. "Implementing METOC transformation : applying autonomous agents /." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 2004. http://library.nps.navy.mil/uhtbin/hyperion/04Sep%5FVorrath.pdf.
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St, John Jeremy. "IT Offshoring Success: A Social Exchange Perspective." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2008. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc9026/.
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Spending by U.S. companies in offshore IT services continues at unprecedented levels despite a high failure rate. This study fills a gap in the existing literature by examining the client-vendor offshoring relationship through the theoretical lens of social exchange theory at the organizational level of analysis from the client's perspective. Social exchange theory focuses on the exchange of activities between two parties, whether they are individuals or companies and was used as a basis for examining the client and vendor relationship. Variables were identified by a review of the literature primarily from IT outsourcing and offshoring but also from general IT, marketing, sociology and organizational science literature. Data was collected using a field survey of Fortune 500 CIOs representing a population of organizations at the forefront of the offshoring phenomenon. The survey instrument was developed based on the adaptation of previously validated scales. Hypotheses regarding the correlations between social variables such as trust, communication, dependence, power, shared values and offshoring success were tested using Spearman's rho correlation. Seven of the hypotheses were supported, four hypotheses were not supported and one hypothesis was deemed not testable due to lack of information.
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Barb, Adrian S. "Knowledge representation and exchange of visual patterns using semantic abstractions." Diss., Columbia, Mo. : University of Missouri-Columbia, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10355/6674.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Missouri-Columbia, 2008.The entire dissertation/thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file (which also appears in the research.pdf); a non-technical general description, or public abstract, appears in the public.pdf file. Title from title screen of research.pdf file (viewed on July 21, 2009) Includes bibliographical references.
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Rudin, Robert (Robert Samuel). "Using information technology to exchange health information among healthcare providers : measuring usage and understanding value." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/68514.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Engineering Systems Division, 2011.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 125-133).
Health information exchange (HIE) - the electronic exchange of health information among healthcare institutions - has been projected to hold enormous promise as an antidote to the fragmented healthcare delivery system in the United States. After decades of mostly failed attempts, we still do not know how to make HIE work. This thesis is the beginning of a systematic understanding of HIE, focusing on the clinical users and the context in which the users and the technology interact. It uses a systems approach to understand HIE from the perspectives of the core stakeholders including healthcare providers, patients, health IT vendor companies, public policy, and the HIE organizations that supply data exchange services. The core contributions of the thesis are contained in four studies. Values of healthcare providers as stakeholders in HIE In a stud y of three communities, healthcare provider organizations were found to expect regional HIE organizations to bring them benefits from the ability to measure care quality. However, one relatively larger community placed greater value on the strategic interests of its individual provider institutions, whereas two smaller communities valued the interests of the communities as a whole. Factors that affect clinicians' usage of HIE. In a study of clinician-users of an operational HIE, usage factors were categorized as motivators and moderators. Motivators for individual clinicians' usage of HIE included improving care quality and time savings. Moderators were numerous and included gaps in data, workflow complexity and usability issues. Several policy options and implications are discussed including: requiring HIE organizations to report metrics of HIE contributions and accesses; certifying HIE vendor companies to provide standardized usage metrics; and creating incentives for clinicians as well as HIE organizations and regional health IT extension centers to meet HIE usage targets. Analysis of opportunities to use HIE. In one community, 51% of visits involved "care transitions" among individual providers, and 36-41% involved care transitions between medical groups. The percentage of a provider's visits which involved care transitions varied considerably by clinical specialty and even within specialties. Within primary care, individual clinicians' "transition percentages" varied from 32% to 95%. This study discusses how policies designed to foster HIE usage should take this variation into account. Analysis of mergers and provider recruitment on HIE value. In a simulation study of patient visit patterns in 10 communities, the results suggest that even after substantial consolidation of medical groups, an HIE would still have considerable value as measured by the number of opportunities for data exchange. However, in each community a small number of medical groups were key: if absent from a community HIE, these groups would reduce the value by 50%. Conversely, if they were the only groups participating, the HIE's value would only achieve 10-20% of its value with all groups participating. The results of these studies suggest that HIE will be needed even in the event of the expected large-scale consolidation of healthcare providers. However, efforts will be needed to recruit medical groups to join HIE organizations, to improve HIE technology, and to train clinicians to integrate HIE into their workflows.
by Robert S. Rudin.
Ph.D.
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Hofmann, Hansjörg [Verfasser]. "Intuitive speech interface technology for information exchange tasks / Hansjörg Hofmann." Ulm : Universität Ulm. Fakultät für Ingenieurwissenschaften und Informatik, 2015. http://d-nb.info/1065309414/34.
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Myers, Basil Joseph. "School, hospital information exchange, boundary spanning for chronically ill children." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/nq20759.pdf.
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Cook, Douglas A. Lancaster Patrick E. Patto Robert R. "The combined enterprise regional information exchange system - the way ahead." Monterey, Calif. : Naval Postgraduate School, 2007. http://bosun.nps.edu/uhtbin/hyperion-image.exe/07Sep%5FCook.pdf.
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Thesis (M.S. in Information Technology Management)--Naval Postgraduate School, September 2007.Thesis Advisor(s): Pfeiffer, Karl ; Barreto, Buddy. "September 2007." Description based on title screen as viewed on 10/23/2007. Includes bibliographical references (p. 129-131). Also available in print.
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Patto, Robert R., and Patrick E. Jr Lancaster. "The combined enterprise regional information exchange system - the way ahead." Thesis, Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/3331.
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The Combined Enterprise Regional Information Exchange System (CENTRIXS) is a coordinated Department of Defense Program established at the request of the Combatant Commands (COCOMs) to support the Global War on Terrorism (GWOT). CENTRIXS is a standing, global enterprise network allowing U.S. and coalition nations and their forces, in a seamless manner, to securely share operational and intelligence information in support of combined planning, a unity of effort, and decision making in multinational operations. This thesis describes CENTRIXS networks that support the needs of the COCOMs on a global basis. The document also addresses who is connected to whom, what kinds of information must be passed from one user to another, and the services provided to the users of CENTRIXS networks. We conduct a Knowledge Value Added analysis to streamline the manning and usability of CENTRIXS nodes. We also explore how to efficiently and effectively go through the process of acquisition, installation, and accreditation of a CENTRIXS node.
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Lasič, Samo, Ingrid Åslund, and Daniel Topgaard. "Fast MRI for spatially resolved quantitative information on molecular exchange." Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2015. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:15-qucosa-191794.
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Cook, Douglas A., and Robert R. Patto. "The combined enterprise regional information exchange system - the way ahead." Monterey California. Naval Postgraduate School, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/10266.
Full textAbstract:
The Combined Enterprise Regional Information Exchange System (CENTRIXS) is a coordinated Department of Defense Program established at the request of the Combatant Commands (COCOMs) to support the Global War on Terrorism (GWOT). CENTRIXS is a standing, global enterprise network allowing U.S. and coalition nations and their forces, in a seamless manner, to securely share operational and intelligence information in support of combined planning, a unity of effort, and decision making in multinational operations. This thesis describes CENTRIXS networks that support the needs of the COCOMs on a global basis. The document also addresses who is connected to whom, what kinds of information must be passed from one user to another, and the services provided to the users of CENTRIXS networks. We conduct a Knowledge Value Added analysis to streamline the manning and usability of CENTRIXS nodes. We also explore how to efficiently and effectively go through the process of acquisition, installation, and accreditation of a CENTRIXS node.
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Li, Mingzhi. "Quality uncertainty and information exchange on the electronic commerce markets /." Digital version accessible at:, 1999. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/utexas/main.
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Woolsey, Aaron L. "Information exchange architecture for integrating unmanned vehicles into maritime missions." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 2004. http://library.nps.navy.mil/uhtbin/hyperion/04Jun%5FWoolsey.pdf.
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Thesis (M.S. in Systems Technology (Joint Command, Control, Communications, and Intelligence (JC4I)))--Naval Postgraduate School, June 2004.Thesis advisor(s): Orin Marvel. Includes bibliographical references (p. 35-37). Also available online.
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Norberg, Patricia A. "Managed profiles : the value of personal information in commercial exchange /." View online ; access limited to URI, 2003. http://0-wwwlib.umi.com.helin.uri.edu/dissertations/dlnow/3115636.
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Gotta, Nancy C. (Nancy Colleen) 1975. "A translation algorithm to solve semantic conflicts in information exchange." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/47524.
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Kambil, Ajit 1962. "Electronic integration--designing information technology mediated exchange relations and networks." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/12543.
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Valdez, Ladrón de Guevara Patricia. "The Tax Information Exchange Agreements and their Implementation in Peru." Derecho & Sociedad, 2015. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/118923.
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In this article, the author begins by giving an overview of the systems of tax information exchange. Not only describes and analyzes the nature of this figure, but also performs a comprehensive analysis of the content, the subjects involved, and the ways and means of information exchange. Finally, analyzes international agreements on exchange of information on tax matters in Peru which is part. He concludes his analysis by focusing on the implementation of FATCA (Foreingn Account Tax Compliance Act) in Peru.En el presente artículo, la autora comienza dándonos un panorama general sobre los sistemas de intercambio de información tributaria. No solo define y analiza la naturaleza de esta figura, sino que además realiza un exhaustivo análisis del contenido y sujetos comprendidos, así como de las formas y modalidades del intercambio de información. Finalmente, analiza los acuerdos internacionales sobre intercambio de información de materia tributaria en los cuales el Perú es parte. Concluye su análisis centrándose en la implementación del FATCA (Foreign Account Tax Compliance Act) en el Perú.
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Tesfagaber, Genet. "Application of PSL to construction process information specification and exchange." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2004. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/33859.
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This study explores the potential use of PSL as a standard language for process information exchange between software applications in construction. The applicability of PSL in construction was investigated and the impact of the language on software interoperability was evaluated. To investigate the applicability of PSL in construction, the construction process information representations (data types) within the pre-construction stages were identified through a technical analysis of the supporting software applications.
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Cordón, Ezquerro Teodoro. "Taxpayers rights in the exchange of information between Tax Administrations." Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2014. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/116574.
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This paper evidences the need that Tax Administrations have, within a context of economic globalization and business internationalization, to improve and intensify exchange of information in order to achieve an effective and efficient control over the application process of their domestic tax regimes. Considering the benefit maximizing strategy implemented by private economic agents in the global setting, which includes international tax planning as one of their tools, Tax administrations ought to collaborate with each other. Exchange of information is the most suitable mean to implement such collaboration. Within this context, certain taxpayers’ rights could be at stake due to the exchange process; rights that could be properly acknowledged at the domestic level, but could lack similar recognition in an international scenario.En el presente documento se trata de poner de manifiesto como las Administraciones tributarias, en un contexto de globalización económica e internacionalización de las empresas, necesitan mejorar e incrementar el intercambio de información entre ellas, si quieren llegar a controlar de manera eficaz y eficiente la aplicación de los sistemas impositivos nacionales. Ahora bien, frente a la estrategia de maximización del beneficio a nivel global de los agentes económicos privados, uno de cuyos instrumentos es la planificación fiscal internacional, las Administraciones tributarias deben colaborar entre sí, y el intercambio de información es, en las condiciones actuales, el medio más adecuado para dicha colaboración. Es en este contexto donde se puede plantear la existencia de derechos de los contribuyentes que sean afectados por ese intercambio, derechos que están reconocidos a nivel de las operaciones internas, pero que no lo están cuando nos referimos al ámbito internacional.
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Edlinger, Cécile. "Paris Stock Exchange 1870-1914 : financial information and portfolio choices." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LORR0055.
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Cette thèse se compose de quatre chapitres dédiés à l'étude de la Bourse de Paris et des investissements français entre 1874 et 1914. Elle relève d'une démarche cliométrique : les faits historiques sont analysés en mobilisant les outils statistiques et théoriques de l'économie financière.Le premier chapitre participe à la réécriture de l'histoire de l'économie financière. Il démontre que les conseils financiers français avant 1914 relèvent d'une proto-science, prémices à la Théorie Moderne du Portefeuille (T.M.P.) développée à partir des années 1960s. Il justifie l'utilisation, dans le second chapitre, de la T.M.P. pour l'évaluation de la rationalité des choix de portefeuilles internationaux. Nous démontrons la rationalité des flux massifs de capitaux à l'étranger et en particulier à destination des pays européens. Nous constatons la rationalité de la préférence européenne des investisseurs français et le biais des investissements britanniques en faveur des "nouvelles nations". Le troisième chapitre présente une base de données inédite composée des rentabilités mensuelles de tous les types de titres cotés à la Bourse de Paris entre 1874 et 1914. Il s'agit d'un indicateur fiable des performances de la Bourse de Paris et de l'information publique en France sur cette période. Dans le quatrième chapitre, nous réalisons la première évaluation des conseils de l'analyste financier français A. Neymarck (1913), à la veille de 1914. Nous montrons que le risque de chaque catégorie d'actifs est correctement perçu, l'existence d'une hiérarchisation des portefeuilles proposés en fonction de la richesse de l'investisseur et mettons en avant les imperfections de ces conseilsThis PhD dissertation is composed of four chapters dedicated to the study of the Paris Stock Exchange and French investments from 1874 to 1914. It follows a cliometric approach, whereby historical facts are analysed using the statistical and theoretical tools of financial economics.The first chapter contributes to a re-evaluation of the history of financial economics. It shows that French financial advice before 1914 was part of a proto-science which laid the foundations for the Modern Portfolio Theory (M.P.T.) developed from the 1960s onwards. This finding justifies the use of the M.P.T in the second chapter to assess the rationality of international portfolio choices. We demonstrate the rationality of huge capital flows toward foreign countries and in particular toward European countries. We note the rationality of the French investor's preference for European securities, and the bias towards "young nations" in British investments. The third chapter introduces an original database composed of the monthly returns for all the types of securities listed on the Paris Stock Exchange from 1874 to 1914. It is a reliable indicator of Paris Stock Exchange performances and of the public information available in France at that time. In the fourth chapter, we make the first assessment of the advice provided by the French financial analyst A. Neymarck (1913), prior to 1914. We show that the risk of each asset category is correctly evaluated, evidence the ranking of the suggested portfolios according to the investors' wealth, and pinpoint the few imperfections of his advice
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Lasič, Samo, Ingrid Åslund, and Daniel Topgaard. "Fast MRI for spatially resolved quantitative information on molecular exchange." Diffusion fundamentals 11 (2009) 113, S. 1, 2009. https://ul.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A14087.
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Baxter, Graeme. "The communication and exchange of information between state and stakeholders." Thesis, Robert Gordon University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10059/1141.
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This thesis presents a critical review of the candidate’s Portfolio of Public Output, which is based on research conducted in the period November 2000 to date, and which consists of 21 peer-reviewed, publicly available papers published since 2001. The subject area which forms the basis of the thesis is the communication and exchange of information between ‘the state’ (i.e. parliaments and governments at the local, devolved, national and European levels, as well as those who aspire to become part of the state during parliamentary elections) and its ‘stakeholders’ (i.e. citizens, businesses, interest groups, etc.). Within this overarching theme, the thesis focuses on three distinct but interrelated sub-themes: 1) the provision and communication of information by, and within, parliaments; 2) the use of the Internet for information provision and exchange by political parties and candidates during parliamentary election campaigns; and 3) the exchange of information between government and stakeholders during formal public consultation processes. Within all three sub-themes, the thesis demonstrates the candidate’s contribution to the advancement of knowledge in two key and closely linked areas: the investigation of users’ information needs and informationseeking behaviour; and the critical evaluation of information service provision. The thesis begins by placing the Portfolio of Public Output in an historical, political context, by discussing the various parliamentary and government openness, transparency and consultative agendas that have influenced or driven the research on which the 21 papers are based. It continues by describing some of the candidate’s earlier research work, to illustrate his long-standing interest in state-stakeholder information provision and exchange, before outlining the various research projects from which the Portfolio outputs have emerged. In the core part of the thesis the 21 Portfolio outputs are synthesised and considered as part of a narrative whole, which reflects critically on their contents and which illustrates the candidate’s empirical, methodological and theoretical contribution to the field of library and information science (LIS). Here, the candidate argues that he has contributed significantly towards developing a better understanding of the information behaviour of stakeholders when engaging with the state, and a greater awareness of the ways in which government and parliamentary information systems and services might be more responsive to their stakeholders’ information needs, thus theoretically enabling a more informed, engaged and participatory body politic. In terms of the candidate’s empirical contribution, the thesis demonstrates that his papers have largely been unique, relevant and timely additions to the literature, written in a conscious effort to address gaps in our knowledge of: parliamentary information services and the ways in which citizens, elected members and officials engage with parliamentary information; the nature and the extent of online information provision and exchange by political actors during parliamentary election campaigns, as well as the online behaviour of voters when attempting to determine their democratic choice; and the accessibility and communication of information during government consultative processes. With regard to the candidate’s methodological contribution, the thesis records his key role in the design of innovative and effective data collection and analytical techniques, including: a series of protocol analysis codes to record citizens’ use of parliamentary websites; frameworks and schemata for the content analyses of political actors’ election campaign websites and social media sites; the use of covert research to measure politicians’ responsiveness online; and, perhaps most significantly, the interactive, electronicallyassisted interview in a roadshow setting. In terms of his theoretical contribution, the thesis discusses the candidate’s part in the development of the theory of Information Interchange, which considers the roles and aims of both the information provider and the information user in assessing the effectiveness of the information communication process, and which is built upon the dichotomy that appears to exist between the two perspectives. The theory recognises the significance of the different agendas and objectives of the actors involved in information interchange, in what can be a complex interaction between two or more parties with potentially conflicting conceptions of the purpose of the interchange process. Throughout the thesis, the candidate considers the actual and potential impact of his work on the LIS academic and practitioner communities. His 21 Portfolio outputs have created considerable academic interest internationally, and have been discussed and critiqued in numerous text books, journal articles, conference papers, research reports and doctoral theses; although there is only minimal evidence of others adopting, or adapting, his data collection and analytical techniques. While interest has been most significant amongst those in the LIS field, the multidisciplinary relevance of the candidate’s work has resulted in it being cited by authors from a wide range of other disciplines, from business administration to computing, and from engineering to public relations. In terms of the more practical impact of the candidate’s research work, on government and parliamentary information services and practices, the picture has been mixed. Research commissioned by the European Parliament has had the clearest and most significant impact, on its Library’s marketing and service strategies. In some cases, although a number of the candidate’s recommendations — relating to parliamentary public information services in the UK, and Scottish Government website deficiencies — have subsequently been addressed by these bodies, no direct causal relationship can be established. In other cases — particularly in relation to Scottish Government consultative processes, and the online electioneering of parliamentary candidates in Scotland — his recommendations have been ignored completely, and information practices have remained idiosyncratic, inconsistent and flawed. The thesis concludes by considering some of the candidate’s future research plans and opportunities in the specific field of state-stakeholder information provision and exchange.
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Hawkshaw, Robert Stephen. "Tax information exchange and the erosion of taxpayer privacy rights." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/48389.
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The exchange of taxpayer information between revenue agencies has been increasing as a response to globalization and technological advances, which have allowed taxpayers more opportunities for tax avoidance and tax evasion. Tax information exchange allows revenue agencies to take advantage of these same advances. The legal framework through which the exchange of taxpayer information is implemented consists of modifications to existing tax conventions and special Tax Information Exchange Agreements. These tax treaties modify and override domestic privacy laws.
The Canadian income tax system operates within a regime of constitutional privacy protections and statutory privacy protections. A balance has been struck between the right to privacy and the State interest in obtaining personal information in order to administer and enforce the tax system. This thesis examines the information gathering powers of the Canada Revenue Agency and the limits on these powers. These powers are broad because taxpayers generally have a low expectation of privacy in their tax information. This thesis argues that the balance struck domestically is predicated on meaningful procedural protections and remedies and on taxpayer information not being shared with third parties.
This thesis then examines the tax treaty information exchange provisions and their interaction with Canadian law. This thesis argues that these provisions override domestic law without providing any meaningful procedural protections. This thesis concludes that information exchange in its current state is incompatible with the balance struck by the Courts between taxpayer privacy and the revenue authorities’ need for information.Law, Faculty of
Graduate