Academic literature on the topic 'Information on side effects'

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Journal articles on the topic "Information on side effects"

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Maat, H. Pander, and R. Klaassen. "Side Effects of Side Effect Information in Drug Information Leaflets." Journal of Technical Writing and Communication 24, no. 4 (1994): 389–404. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/lek9-vujp-l3b9-v2ld.

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This study examines the way side effects information is presented in patient information leaflets about drugs. In a field experiment, we tested the effects of two attempts to improve a side effects paragraph in a leaflet about a nonsteroid anti-inflammatory drug. First, a short introductory passage on the nature of side effects was added. Second and more importantly, we changed the frequency descriptors (FDs) for the side effects. A preliminary study had shown that the frequencies associated with common Dutch FDs are much higher than the writers of patient information leaflets and package inserts mean to convey. In our experiment we replaced the original FDs by lower-assessed FDs. For instance, soms (sometimes) was replaced by zelden (seldomly). Replacing FDs led to lower recall for the side effects mentioned in the leaflet. It also decreased the number of side effects experienced. Contrary to our expectations, lower FDs did not significantly increase the confidence in the safety and effectiveness of the drug, nor did they increase therapy compliance; incompliance was extremely rare in our sample of patients. Adding an introductory passage on the nature of side effects lowered FD interpretations. It did not significantly affect any of the other dependent variables.
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Berroa, Edel, Luis Fernández-Salazar, Nathalie Rodríguez McCullough, and José Antonio Garrote Adrados. "Are Worries and Concerns Information Side Effects?" Inflammatory Bowel Diseases 21, no. 9 (2015): E22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/mib.0000000000000539.

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Heijer, A. Does-den. "Representative information on side-effects of chemotherapy." European Journal of Cancer 35 (September 1999): S8—S9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0959-8049(99)80448-1.

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Hsu, Hsiu-Ling. "Side Effects of COVID-19 Vaccinations." Clinical Pathology & Research Journal 8, no. 1 (2024): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.23880/cprj-16000183.

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In December 2020, the first COVID-19 vaccinations were granted emergency use permission in the US.1.2 billion vaccination doses have been delivered worldwide. However, some individuals are hesitant to get the COVID-19 vaccine due to safety concerns and unwanted effects. In randomized clinical trials of COVID-19 vaccinations, side effects reported included injection site discomfort, redness, swelling, as well as systemic symptoms such as weariness, headache, muscle or joint pain. Serious adverse events were infrequent. Although the majority of side effects were moderate, research found that 50% to 90% of subjects had them. While government-sponsored reporting systems have provided information on side effects, there is a lack of real-world patient-reported data on those who are more likely to have them after getting the COVID-19 vaccine. The study aimed to detect and report adverse effects related with COVID-19 immunization in an online population. Additionally, the study aimed to uncover variables linked to more severe unfavorable effects. These findings may improve public knowledge of harmful effects from COVID-19 vaccinations.
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Vesco, D., M. Toumi, F. Faraj, H. Razzouk, and J. Orehek. "Manufacturer's information insert and subjective theophylline side-effects." European Respiratory Journal 3, no. 10 (1990): 1162–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1183/09031936.93.03101162.

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In Western Europe medicine packages contain an insert prepared by the manufacturer which enumerates the drug side-effects. We investigated the influence of this insert on alleged theophylline side-effects. Forty literate adult asthmatics were randomly allocated into two groups (n = 20 each): theophylline packages contained the manufacturer's insert in group A but not in group B. Theophylline was prescribed (10 mg.kg-1 body weight qd) for one week. During this period the patients filled a diary grading 13 different symptoms from 0 to 3; 5 of these symptoms were listed on the insert as theophylline side-effects. On the eighth day the patients were interviewed and theophylline blood levels measured. Theophylline side-effects were significantly more marked in group A than in group B, whereas the other symptoms were of similar magnitude. Eight patients prematurely stopped their treatment in group A vs 3 in group B, because of alleged intolerance. Theophylline blood levels did not differ significantly in the two groups; neither did they in the subgroup which stopped treatment and in the one which complied to prescription. We conclude that side-effects were suggested to the patients by the insert and/or that the insert increased their awareness of side-effects, with a subsequent detrimental influence upon compliance to therapy.
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Spitzer, Manfred. "Information technology in education: Risks and side effects." Trends in Neuroscience and Education 3, no. 3-4 (2014): 81–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tine.2014.09.002.

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Gregori, Dario. "Reply to Are Worries and Concerns Information Side Effects?" Inflammatory Bowel Diseases 21, no. 9 (2015): E23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/mib.0000000000000555.

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Berry, DC, P. Knapp, and DK Raynor. "Provision of information about drug side-effects to patients." Lancet 359, no. 9309 (2002): 853–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(02)07923-0.

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Al Juffali, L., O. Al Omran, and S. Al Aqeel. "Saudi young patient understanding of information about side effects." Saudi Pharmaceutical Journal 22, no. 1 (2014): 33–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jsps.2012.12.008.

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Brown, Zach Y. "Equilibrium Effects of Health Care Price Information." Review of Economics and Statistics 101, no. 4 (2019): 699–712. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/rest_a_00765.

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Do information frictions in health care markets lead to higher prices and price dispersion? Focusing on medical imaging procedures, this paper examines the equilibrium effect of a unique statewide price transparency website. Price information leads to a shift to lower-cost providers, especially for patients subject to a deductible. Furthermore, supply-side effects play a significant role in the long run, benefiting all insured individuals. Supply-side effects reduce price dispersion and are especially relevant in concentrated markets. These effects are important given that high prices are thought to be a primary cause of high private health care spending.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Information on side effects"

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Goncharenko, Roman, Juraj Hledik, and Roberto Pinto. "The dark side of stress tests: Negative effects of information disclosure." Elsevier, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jfs.2018.05.003.

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This paper studies the effect of information disclosure on banks' portfolio risk. We cast a simple banking system into a general equilibrium model with trading frictions. We find that the information disclosure lowers the expected risk-adjusted profits for a non-negligible fraction of banks. The magnitude of this effect depends on the structure of the banking system and, alarmingly, it is more pronounced for systemically important institutions. We connect these theoretical findings to the stress test procedure, where bank information is disclosed by the regulator. The 2011 and 2014 stress tests are used in an empirical study to further support our theoretical results.
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Le, Anatole. "Using inter-procedural side-effect information in JIT optimizations." Thesis, McGill University, 2005. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=82273.

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Side-effect analysis gives information about the set of locations that a statement may read or modify. This analysis can provide information useful in a compiler for performing aggressive optimizations. The impact of the use of side-effect analysis in compiler optimizations has been studied for programming languages such as Modula-3 and C, but no thorough investigation for Java has been done. We present a study of whether side-effect information improves performance in Java just-in-time (JIT) compilers, and if so, what level of analysis precision is needed. We also analyze the optimizations and benchmarks that benefit most from side-effect analysis.<br>We used SPARK, the inter-procedural analysis component of the SOOT Java analysis and optimization framework, to compute side-effect information and encode it in class files. We modified Jikes RVM, a research JIT, to make use of side-effect analysis in various local and global analyses and optimizations such as local common sub-expression elimination, heap SSA, redundant load elimination and loop-invariant code motion. On the SpecJVM98 benchmarks, we measured the static number of memory operations removed, the dynamic counts of memory reads eliminated, and the execution time.<br>Our results show that the use of side-effect analysis increases the number of static opportunities for load elimination by up to 98%, and reduces dynamic field read instructions by up to 27%. Side-effect information enabled speedups of up to 20% for some benchmarks. The main cause of the speedups is the use of side-effect information in load elimination. Finally, among the different levels of precision of side-effect information, a simple side-effect analysis is usually sufficient to obtain most of these speedups.
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Thor, Jessica. "Omvårdnadsåtgärders effekter påcytostatikarelaterade biverkningar." Thesis, Högskolan Dalarna, Omvårdnad, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:du-17845.

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Syfte: Syftet var att utvärdera effekten av sjuksköterskans föreslagna omvårdnadsåtgärder på cytostatikarelaterade biverkningar hos cancerpatienter som genomgår cytostatikabehandling. Metod: Examensarbetet utfördes som en litteraturöversikt. Resultatet grundar sig på 13 stycken kvantitativa artiklar. För datainsamlingen användes databaserna PubMed och Cinahl. Resultat: Resultatet visade att sjuksköterskan kan utföra omvårdnadsåtgärder som minskar patienters upplevelse av cytostatikarelaterade biverkningar. Effekterna som framkom av sjuksköterskans omvårdnadsåtgärder presenteras under rubrikerna; oral kryoterapi vid oral mukosit, personcentrerad patientutbildning med underrubriken utbildning utifrån ett teoretiskt perspektiv, automatiserad och sjuksköterske- assisterad symtombehandling samt musikterapi, bildspråk och avslappning. Slutsats: Sjuksköterskan kan genom olika omvårdnadsåtgärder hjälpa patienter att lindra symtom från cytostatikarelaterade biverkningar.<br>Aim: To evaluate the impact of the nurse's suggested nursing interventions on chemotherapy-related side effects in cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy treatment. Method: The work was conducted as a literature review. The results are based on 13 quantitative articles. For data collection the databases PubMed and Cinahl was used. Results: The results showed that nurses can perform nursing interventions that reduce patients' experience of chemotherapy-related side effects. The effects that emerged from the nursing interventions are presented under the headings; oral cryotherapy for oral mucositis, person-centered patient education with the subtitle education from a theoretical perspective, self-care, automated and nurses assisted symptom management, music therapy, imagery and relaxation. Conclusion: Nurses can through various nursing interventions help patients to relieve symptoms from chemotherapy-related side effects.
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Mostamand, Alexander, and Joachim Engström. "Patientens tillfredställelse med information om medicinering och dess biverkningar." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för folkhälso- och vårdvetenskap, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-153523.

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SAMMANFATTNING Syfte: Syftet med denna studie var att på ett sjukhus i Mellansverige undersöka hur tillfredställda patienterna var med information om läkemedelsbiverkningar Syftet var även att undersöka grad av oro över eventuella biverkningar och jämföra om det fanns någon könskillnad gällande detta. Metod: Studiens design var en kvantitativ tvärsnittsstudie med deskriptiv och jämförande statistik. Data samlades in genom en Studiespecifik enkät. Antalet svarande var 29 inneliggande patienter under 10 veckor som uppfyllde inklusionskriterierna. Resultat: Resultatet visade att hälften av deltagarna inte hade fått information om läkemedelsbiverkningar och att 78 % uppgav sig vilja ha mer information. Nio av tio deltagare instämde till att vara oroliga över eventuella biverkningar och 64 % uppgav att de var osäkra eller inte visste vart de skulle vända sig vid frågor om biverkningar. Trots detta var drygt hälften av deltagarna delvis eller helt nöjda med den information de fått. Ingen statistik signifikant könsskillnad kunde påvisas i grad av oro. Slutsats: Resultatet visar att mer och tydligare information bör ges till patienterna om eventuella läkemedelsbiverkningar. Vidare forskning är nödvändigt då mätningen av tillfredställelse ger ett motsägelsefullt resultat.<br>ABSTRACT Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate how satisfied patients where with information about medical side effects in a hospital in central Sweden. The aim was also to investigate the level of worry for any side effects and compare the level of worry between genders. Method: The design of the study was quantitative, cross-sectional. Data were collected through a study specific questionnaire. Respondents were 29 hospitalized patients who met the inclusion criteria during a 10 week period. Findings: The results showed that half of the participants had not received information about medical side effects and that 78% claimed they wanted more information. Nine out of ten participants agreed with being concerned about possible medical side effects and 64% said they were unsure or did not know where to turn with questions about side effects. Despite this, over half of the participants were partially or completely satisfied with the information they had received. No difference was detected in the level of worry between genders. Conclusion: The results show that more information and more distinct information should be given to patients about possible medical side effects. Further research is necessary since the measuring of satisfaction gives a contradictory result
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Fondren, Wesley Eugene. "Warning--side effects may not include paying attention visual features that influence attention to warning information in direct-to-consumer pharmeceutical advertisements /." Thesis, [Tuscaloosa, Ala. : University of Alabama Libraries], 2009. http://purl.lib.ua.edu/116.

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D, Powell Moman Amy. "The intralist set size overlap effect and its effects on judgments of learning and recall." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/28729.

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Barrett, Shaun D'olene Kecia. "Effects of Information Technology Risk Management and Institution Size on Financial Performance." ScholarWorks, 2016. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/2636.

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A negative relationship exists between unmanaged IT risk and financial performance of institutions of varying sizes. The purpose for this quantitative correlation study was to examine the relationship between IT risk management, institution size, and the financial performance of credit unions in Jamaica. Information Systems Audit and Control Association (ISACA) risk IT model provided the theoretical framework for the study. Audited financial statements and a web-based survey provided data for this study. One hundred and thirty employees from 13 credit unions in Jamaica participated in the study. Results of the multiple regression tests confirmed a statistically significant relationship between IT risk management, institution size, and the financial performance of Jamaican credit unions, F (2, 99) = 46.861, p = 0.000, R2 = .486. Institution size was a statistically significant predictor of financial performance (beta = -.637, p = .000). IT risk management initiatives did not provide any significant variation (beta = .139, p = .074) in financial performance. Research findings may lead to more effective and efficient operations of Jamaican credit unions and improvement in their financial performance, which could result in positive social change through the increases in corporate social contributions, the payment of dividends, and the offer of affordable product and services for over 1 million Jamaican credit union members.
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Kan, See-lok. "Effects of semantic information on segmental and tonal perception of Cantonese sine-wave speech." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2002. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B36208279.

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Thesis (B.Sc)--University of Hong Kong, 2002.<br>"A dissertation submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the Bachelor of Science (Speech and Hearing Sciences), The University of Hong Kong, May 10, 2002." Also available in print.
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Karaj, Enxhi. "An exploratory study on the mechanisms that allow value capture when a multi-sided platform activates data network effects." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Informationssystem, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-448021.

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Celada, Pierfrancesco. "Perception of musculo-skeletal size information from motion for visual effects applications in two and three-dimensions." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.519577.

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Books on the topic "Information on side effects"

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United States. Food and Drug Administration, ed. Thalidomide: Important patient information. Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Food and Drug Administration, 1997.

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Council for International Organizations of Medical Sciences., ed. Guidelines for preparing core clinical-safety information on drugs: Report of CIOMS Working Group III. CIOMS, 1995.

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1944-, Hindmarch I., Ott H, and Collegium Internationale Neuro-psychopharmacologicum Congress, eds. Benzodiazepine receptor ligands, memory, and information processing: Psychometric, psychopharmacological, and clinical issues. Springer-Verlag, 1988.

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1957-, McManus Karen, and Woodward Lynn, eds. Medication in maternity: Infant exposure and maternal information. University of Michigan Press, 1985.

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Matsuo, Tokuro. E-activity and intelligent web construction: Effects of social design. Information Science Reference, 2011.

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Christof, Schaefer, ed. Drugs during pregnancy and lactation: Handbook of prescription drugs and comparative risk assessment : with updated information on recreational drugs ... Elsevier, 2001.

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Kim, Pyŏng-ch'o. Wep chŏpkŭnsŏng ŭi sahoe, kyonğjejŏk hyokwa punsŏk =: Analysis of socio-economic effects on web accessibility. Han'guk Chŏngbohwa Chinhŭngwŏn, 2010.

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Inman, W. H. W. 1929- and Gill Elaine P, eds. Monitoring for drug safety. 2nd ed. MTP Press, 1986.

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M, Bolt H., Hellman B. 1946-, and Dencker L. 1957-, eds. Use of mechanistic information in risk assessment: Proceedings of the 1993 EUROTOX Congress meeting held in Uppsala, Sweden, June 30-July 3, 1993. Springer-Verlag, 1994.

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Phillips, Adam. Side Effects. HarperCollins, 2007.

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Book chapters on the topic "Information on side effects"

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Tarafdar, Monideepa, and Jean-François Stich. "Information and Communication Technology: Understanding Their Dark-Side Effects." In Economics, Management and Sustainability. Springer Singapore, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-1894-8_14.

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Coppolillo, Erica. "Tackling the RecSys Side Effects via Deep Learning Approaches." In New Trends in Database and Information Systems. Springer Nature Switzerland, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-42941-5_57.

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Ziani, Amel, Mohamed Amine Adouane, Mohamed Ayoub Delladj, Fatima Zahra Brahimi, and Hayet Farida Merouani. "Drugs Recommender System Based on Side Effects and Opinions Analysis." In Communications in Computer and Information Science. Springer Nature Switzerland, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-82150-9_4.

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Hill, Lisa, Max Douglass, and Ravi Baltutis. "The Effects of False Campaign Statements." In How and Why to Regulate False Political Advertising in Australia. Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-2123-0_2.

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AbstractIn this chapter we explore the short- and long-term effects of false election information on electoral and other democratic processes from both a theoretical and empirical perspective. We examine the supply and demand side of the mis- and disinformation stories, drawing on the literature in behavioural economics and psychology to explain the underlying mechanisms at play in the demand side (consumers) and the motivations on the supply side (producers). We show that, due to the high stakes and unavoidably competitive nature of modern elections on the one hand, and perverse financial incentives within the information market on the other, election mis- and disinformation will be difficult to combat without a legal remedy.
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Wang, Ruiyi, Tong Li, Zhen Yang, and Haiyang Yu. "Predicting Polypharmacy Side Effects Based on an Enhanced Domain Knowledge Graph." In Communications in Computer and Information Science. Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-61702-8_7.

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Reps, Jenna, Zhaoyang Guo, Haoyue Zhu, and Uwe Aickelin. "Identifying Candidate Risk Factors for Prescription Drug Side Effects Using Causal Contrast Set Mining." In Health Information Science. Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-19156-0_6.

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Jeremiassen, T., and S. Eggers. "Computing per-process summary side-effect information." In Languages and Compilers for Parallel Computing. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/3-540-57502-2_47.

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Chen, Zhimin, Syed Haider, and Patrick Schaumont. "Side-Channel Leakage in Masked Circuits Caused by Higher-Order Circuit Effects." In Advances in Information Security and Assurance. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-02617-1_34.

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Alnaeli, Saleh M., Amanda Ali Taha, and Tyler Timm. "On the Prevalence of Function Side Effects in General Purpose Open Source Software Systems." In Computer and Information Science. Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-40171-3_11.

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Zacharia, Shyam, and Ashwini Kodipalli. "Covid Vaccine Adverse Side-Effects Prediction with Sequence-to-Sequence Model." In Emerging Research in Computing, Information, Communication and Applications. Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-5482-5_24.

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Conference papers on the topic "Information on side effects"

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Rauscher, Fabian, Andreas Kogler, Jonas Juffinger, and Daniel Gruss. "IdleLeak: Exploiting Idle State Side Effects for Information Leakage." In Network and Distributed System Security Symposium. Internet Society, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.14722/ndss.2024.24078.

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Claver, Jimbo Henri, and Isidore Seraphin Ngongo. "Modelling Cancer Chemotherapy with Side-effects." In Environment and Water Resource Management / 837: Health Informatics / 838: Modelling and Simulation / 839: Power and Energy Systems. ACTAPRESS, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2316/p.2016.838-010.

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Sinha, Kaushik, Edoardo F. Colombo, Narek R. Shougarian, and Olivier L. de Weck. "A Simplified Mathematical Model for Two-Sided Market Systems With an Intervening Engineered Platform." In ASME 2015 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2015-46657.

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A two-sided market involves two different user groups whose interactions are enabled over a platform that provides a distinct set of values to either side. In such market systems, one side’s participation depends on the value created by presence of the other side over the platform. Two-sided market platforms must acquire enough users on both sides in appropriate proportions to generate value to either side of the user market. In this paper, we present a simplified, generic mathematical model for two-sided markets with an intervening platform that enables interaction between the two different sets of users with distinct value propositions. The proposed model captures both the same side as well as cross-side effects (i.e., network externalities) and can capture any behavioral asymmetry between the different sides of the two-sided market system. The cross-side effects are captured using the notion of affinity curves while same side effects are captured using four rate parameters. We demonstrate the methodology on canonical affinity curves and comment on the attainment of stability at the equilibrium points of two-sided market systems. Subsequently a stochastic choice-based model of consumers and developers is described to simulate a two-sided market from grounds-up and the observed affinity curves are documented. Finally we discuss how the two-sided market model links with and impacts the engineering characteristics of the platform.
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Cheng, Peng. "Identify Risky Rules to Reduce Side Effects in Association Rule Hiding." In CIKM '23: The 32nd ACM International Conference on Information and Knowledge Management. ACM, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3583780.3615259.

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Mazzotti, Matteo, and Zixiang Xiong. "Effects of noisy side information at the decoder in dirty-paper and dirty-tape coding." In 2006 IEEE Information Theory Workshop. IEEE, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/itw.2006.322845.

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Ravishankar A. N., Ashok S., and Kumaravel S. "Effects of demand side management & storage on renewable energy penetration to the grid." In 2017 Third International Conference on Advances in Electrical, Electronics, Information, Communication and Bio-Informatics (AEEICB). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/aeeicb.2017.7972326.

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Mazzotti, Matteo, and Zixiang Xiong. "Effects of noisy side information at the decoder in dirty-paper and dirty-tape coding." In 2006 IEEE Information Theory Workshop - ITW '06 Chengdu. IEEE, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/itw2.2006.323827.

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"USE OF DOMAIN KNOWLEDGE FOR DIMENSION REDUCTION - Application to Mining of Drug Side Effects." In International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Information Retrieval. SciTePress - Science and and Technology Publications, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.5220/0003662602710276.

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Hidaka, Soichiro, Hiroyuki Kato, and Masatoshi Yoshikawa. "A More Optimizer-Friendly Treatment of XQuery Store in the Presence of Side-Effects." In 2007 International Symposium on Information Technology Convergence (ISITC 2007). IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/isitc.2007.60.

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Haghighi, Sahar Javaher, Serguei Primak, and Xianbin Wang. "Effects of Side Information on Complexity Reduction in Superimposed Pilot Channel Estimation in OFDM Systems." In 2010 IEEE 71st Vehicular Technology Conference. IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/vetecs.2010.5493962.

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Reports on the topic "Information on side effects"

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Jefferson, Brian. Reviewing Information Technology, Surveillance, and Race in the US. Just Tech, Social Science Research Council, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.35650/jt.3033.d.2022.

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The past decade has been marked by a growing awareness of the potential harms of personal computing. This recent development was spurred by a surge of news reports, films, and studies on the unforeseen side effects of constantly using networked devices. As a result, the public has become increasingly aware of the cognitive, ideological, and psychological effects associated with the constant use of personal computing devices. Alongside these revelations, a growing chorus of activists, journalists, organizers, and scholars have turned attention to surveillance technology-related matters of a different kind—those related to the carceral state and border patrol. These efforts have sparked a shift in the public consciousness, from individual experiences of technology users to how technology is used to maintain social divisions. These studies show how the explosion of network devices not only changes society but also maintains longstanding divisions between social groups. This field review highlights key concepts and discussions on information technology, surveillance, carceral governance, and border patrol. Specifically, it explores the evolution of information communication technology and racial surveillance from the late nineteenth century until the present. The review concludes by exploring avenues for bringing these conversations into a transnational dialogue on surveillance, technology, and social inequality moving forward.
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Axelrod, M. Using Ancillary Information to Reduce Sample Size in Discovery Sampling and the Effects of Measurement Error. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/877925.

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Yue, Lei, Guanzhang Mu, Zengmao Lin, and Haolin Sun. Impact of low-dose intrathecal morphine on orthopedic surgery: a protocol of a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.2.0029.

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Review question / Objective: Patients undergoing orthopedic surgery usually suffer considerably from peri-operative pain and intrathecal morphine (ITM) has recent been used as an effective analgesia method. The intrathecal morphine dose achieving optimal analgesia for orthopedic surgery while minimizing side effects has not yet been determined. There is currently a lack of literature synthesis in the safety and effects of low-dose ITM on orthopedic surgery. Condition being studied: Low-dose intrathecal morphine on orthopedic surgery. Information sources: We will search the following electronic databases, registries and websites on January 11th 2022, unrestricted by date. Grey literature and non-English studies will not be excluded. English Databases: PubMed, Cochrane library and Web of science. Chinese database: Cnki.net Trial registries: ClinicalTrials.gov.
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Wu, Yifan, Peiqi Li, Jiani Shi, Jiawei Li, Yuchen Zhang, and Bin Xiao. Effectiveness of conservative therapies in the treatment of mild to moderate female stress urinary incontinence:systematic review and network meta-analysis. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2023.2.0098.

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Review question / Objective: Is electroacupuncture effective in the treatment for female mild to moderate stress urinary incontinence? More specifically: (1) Does electroacupuncture have a better curative effect over medicines and pelvic muscle training in treating SUI? (2) Does electroacupuncture have less side effect? (3) Will electroacupuncture treatment keep a long-term therapeutic effect? Information sources: We will electronically search the following international and domestic databases from 2002 to 2022: EMBASE, PubMed, Cochrane, Web of science, Clinical Trials.gov, CNKI, Wanfang, Chinese Biomedical Literature Database(CBM).
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Broufas, G. D., and R. J. M. Meijer. Pesticides side-effects. BioGreenhouse, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.18174/373602.

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Ravindran, T. K. Sundari. A study of user perspectives on the diaphragm in an urban Indian setting. Population Council, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.31899/rh1995.1032.

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This study attempted to examine user perspectives regarding the desirability of the diaphragm as a contraceptive method when included among other methods distributed freely through a family planning (FP) clinic. It sought to introduce on an experimental basis, the diaphragm into an ongoing and well-established FP clinic to increase contraceptive choice. This was primarily a qualitative study aimed at understanding women's perceptions about the risks and benefits, the reasons for use of the diaphragm, and the practical difficulties of using it effectively. It also studied the influence of service delivery factors in acceptance of this method. The study was part of a larger project of the Gender, Reproductive Health, and Population Policies research program. Information dissemination on diaphragms and other contraceptive methods was part of a comprehensive community outreach program on reproductive health education. Based on the information provided and use of the diaphragm over a month women perceived the key advantages to be the absence of side effects and the facility of need-based use. In addition, as this report notes, the diaphragm answered the needs of women who wished to space as well those who wished to limit the number of children.
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Gómez-Lobo, Andrés, Santiago Sánchez González, and Vileydy González Mejia. Means-tested transit subsidies in Latin America. Inter-American Development Bank, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0004532.

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This paper reviews three targeted transit subsidies applied in Latin America. The Vale Transporte scheme in Brazil is the oldest, having been introduced in 1985. Household survey data for 26 metropolitan areas were used to estimate the distributional impact of the Vale Transporte. The results indicate that this program is badly targeted to low-income individuals. In 19 of the 26 cities, this subsidy is regressive. The reason is that only formal sector workers are eligible for this benefit while many low-income individuals work in the informal sector in Brazil. In addition, since this subsidy is paid by employers it is reasonable to expect compensating equilibrium effects in wages or unemployment. We present evidence that suggests that this may have occurred with wages. In contrast, Bogota and Buenos Aires have implemented demand side means-tested subsidies during the last decade. In these cases, criteria from the general welfare system are used to determine eligibility and both have been implemented using smartcard payment technology. We review the available information on the design, operation, and distributional outcomes for each case. This review provides useful information for policymakers interested in the design and implementation of targeted transit subsidies.
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Weidner, James H. The People Side of Information Warfare. Defense Technical Information Center, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada312077.

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Luoma, William M. Netwar: The Other Side of Information Warfare. Defense Technical Information Center, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada279585.

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Degener, J. Sieve Extension: Copying Without Side Effects. RFC Editor, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.17487/rfc3894.

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