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Journal articles on the topic 'Information society directive 2001'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 18 February 2022

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1

Sekulovska, Ivona. "STRENGTHS AND WEAKNESSES OF THE EU INFOSOC DIRECTIVE WITH AN EMPHASIS ON THE PROVISIONS OF COPYRIGHT EXCEPTIONS AND LIMITATIONS." Knowledge International Journal 28, no. 6 (December 10, 2018): 2167–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.35120/kij28062167i.

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Directive 2001/29/EC on the harmonization of certain aspects of copyright and related rights in the information society also known as the InfoSoc Directive, entered into force on 22 June 2001.625 In the language of the European Union “information society” means the internet. In order to respond to the new forms of exploitation of the copyright works, the law on copyright and related right needed to be adapted. These economic challenges require a new and flexible Community legal framework, so that the information society could be maintained and developed. However, the objectives of the Copyright Directive resulted in providing measures that concern both the analog and the digital environment, and is further questioned whether the objective of harmonizing the copyright laws has been met. So in this paper the strengths and the weaknesses of certain provisions of the Directive will be briefly summarized.

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2

Norman, Sandy. "From Harmony to Discord?" Legal Information Management 3, no. 1 (2003): 25–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s147266960000164x.

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By the Spring of this year, if all goes to plan, there will be changes to our current laws on copyright. EC Directive 2001/29/EC on the Harmonisation of Certain Aspects of Copyright and Related Rights in the Information Society is soon to be implemented into legislation in all Member States. This article describes the reasons behind the changes, what the changes are and how they affect the library and information sector.

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3

Gawrysiak-Zabłocka, Aleksandra. "NOWE TECHNOLOGIE A OBOWIĄZEK UJAWNIANIA DOKUMENTÓW I INFORMACJI PRZEZ SPÓŁKI W ŚWIETLE DYREKTYWY 2003/58/WE." Zeszyty Prawnicze 4, no. 1 (May 30, 2017): 179. http://dx.doi.org/10.21697/zp.2004.4.1.09.

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New Technologies and the Obligation to Disclose Documents and Particulars by Companies in the Light of Directive 2003/58/WESummaryModern information and communication technology has a profound impact on our society. In particular, they have changed the way in which companies are functioning: the possible form of legal acts and of disclosure and filing of company information. So-called First Company Law Directive adopted in 1968 included provisions on a compulsory disclosure of documents and particulars. Since in the beginning of 21st century the compulsory disclosure system organised by the First Directive has become out-dated, the European Parliament and of the Council adopted Directive 2003/58/EC amending Council Directive 68/151/EEC, as regards disclosure requirements in respect of certain types of companies. In the article the provisions of the Directive 2003/58/EC are presented. Moreover, the author analyses what changes in the Polish Law will be necessary.

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4

van Eecke, Patrick, and Maarten Truyens. "L’Oréal v. eBay: Is the Tide Finally Turning for Hosting Providers?" Computer Law Review International 12, no. 1 (January 2011): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.9785/ovs-cri-2011-1.

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AbstractOn 9 December 2010, Advocate General Niilo Jääskinen delivered his opinion in the L’Or´eal v. eBay case (C- 324/09), in which he analyses the position of online intermediaries - in particular electronic marketplaces such as eBay - under the EU trade mark legislation (directive 89/104 of 21 December 1988 to approximate the laws of the member states relating to trade marks, and Council Regulation 40/94 of 20 December 1993 on the Community trade mark), the eCommerce Directive (directive 2000/31/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 8 June 2000 on certain legal aspects of information society services, in particular electronic commerce, in the Internal Market) and the Enforcement Directive (directive 2004/48/EC of 29 April 2004 on the enforcement of intellectual property rights). In light of the diverging case law across the EU, it can be hoped that this opinion paves the way for a correct and balanced application of EU law in the context of online intermediary services.While theAdvocateGeneral takes into account the practical implications of the legal obligations imposed on online intermediaries, in view of the technical and commercial reality his opinion unfortunately opens the door for a general monitoring obligation for online service providers.

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Baaner, Lasse, and Line Hvingel. "Spatiality of Environmental Law." Journal for European Environmental & Planning Law 12, no. 2 (May 28, 2015): 173–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18760104-01202005.

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Digital society challenges the traditional perception of legal sources. The use of maps as a basis for public administration dates far back, but e-Government’s use of digital maps that include legal information creates new legal obstacles. In the coming decades, the inspire directive of 2007 will determine the interplay between geographic data and technology in the fields of environmental legislation, environmental policy and environmental management. This article examines the legal regulation of spatial information as established by the inspire directive, on one hand, and on the other hand, examines legal regulation as spatial information. It aims to deepen the understanding of spatiality as a core element of environmental law, and to connect it to the basic concept of representation used in giscience. It concludes that the future path for e-Government demands a shift in legal paradigm, from maps showing representations of applied legal norms, to maps build on datasets that have legal authority. That will integrate legal and geographic information systems, and improve the legal accountability of decision support systems used in e-Government services based on spatio-legal data.

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6

Hui, Alan, and Frédéric Döhl. "Collateral Damage: Reuse in the Arts and the New Role of Quotation Provisions in Countries with Free Use Provisions After the ECJ’s Pelham, Funke Medien and Spiegel Online Judgments." IIC - International Review of Intellectual Property and Competition Law 52, no. 7 (July 5, 2021): 852–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40319-021-01084-4.

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AbstractThis article examines the impact of the European Court of Justice’s Pelham decision (C-476/17) on reuse, including appropriation art, borrowing and plagiarism in the arts, especially in music. Insofar, the focus lies on countries that have operated before with broad free use provisions. Specifically, we consider the extent to which EU law permits quotation provisions to fill the gap left by free use limitations, which have been curtailed by the Pelham decision. As we explain, Pelham creates a more restrictive approach to certain unlicensed use of copyright materials in new works of artistic expression, including music appropriation. We present our research in four sections. First, we compare existing national free use and quotation provisions in four states subject to EU law regarding their respective wiggle room for unlicensed yet lawful reuse in the arts. Second, we explore how the ECJ’s interpretation of the InfoSoc quotation exception, particularly in the Pelham, Funke Medien and Spiegel Online judgments, minimises the leeway for reuse in the arts provided by these national quotation provisions, in comparison to free use provisions. (Information Society Directive, 2001/29/EC.) Third, we address possible objections to our position and explain why we believe the consequences of the ECJ decisions cannot be bypassed. (Copyright in the Digital Single Market Directive, (EU) 2019/790.) Finally, in the conclusion, we explore the consequences, including the need for legislative reform.

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7

Janev, Valentina, Vuk Mijović, and Sanja Vraneš. "Using the Linked Data Approach in European e-Government Systems." International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems 14, no. 2 (April 2018): 27–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijswis.2018040102.

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This article describes the Linked Data approach, based on principles defined back in 2006, which can play an important role in the domain of semantic interoperabiity of government services. Therefore, this article explores the technical aspects and challenges of implementation of the revised European Directive on the Public Sector Information (2013/37/EU) that provides a common legal framework for a European market for government-held data (public sector information). It examines how the Linked Data approach facilitates the PSI Directive implementation, and in particular, the maturity of standards and tools for statistical Linked Data processing. The statistical domain has been selected due to its relevance for policy prediction, planning and adjustments, and well as its significant impact on the society, from citizens to businesses to governments. The main contributions are related to the delivered state-of-the-art open-source tools for the managing statistical Linked Data and metadata—quality assessment, exploration—and the recommendations that have been integrated in the EU SHARE-PSI Best Practices collection.

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8

Kryczka, K. "Ready to join the EU Information Society? Implementation of E-commerce Directive 2000/31/EC in the EU acceding countries - the example of Poland." International Journal of Law and Information Technology 12, no. 1 (March 1, 2004): 55–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ijlit/12.1.55.

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9

Marcinek, Milan. "Cybercrime in Automotive Security in the 21th Century." Internal Security 12, no. 2 (December 30, 2020): 36–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0014.6694.

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. Intelligent transportation systems introduce smart technology to civil transportation infrastructure. Modern services depend on the use of information technology systems. Cybersecurity plays an important role in the ongoing development of information technology. Enhancing cybersecurity and protecting critical information infrastructures are essential to each national security. Nowadays, vehicles are equipped with electronic security systems that automatically call the emergency service operator in case of an accident. This safety system combines different technology in order to ensure vehicle safety. When you are unconscious, the system informs the rescuers where the accident happened. They arrive at the scene of the accident within a few minutes. The introduction of this system in vehicles results from Regulation (EU) 2015/758 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 29 April 2015 on type-approval requirements for the deployment of the 112 on-board eCall system and amending Directive 2007/46/EC. Nevertheless, there is concern that this could expose connected cars with their passengers to potential risks from online threats. Scientific development for the security of our vehicles has also raised the possibility of misuse of vehicle data. It is seen that e-threats have become the leading threats in the further deployment of e-services in the society of the 21st century.

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10

Rojszczak, Marcin. "Prawne podstawy prowadzenia masowej inwigilacji obywateli opartej na hurtowym i nieukierunkowanym przechwytywaniu danych w UE z uwzględnieniem dorobku orzeczniczego TSUE i ETPC." Studia Prawa Publicznego, no. 2(18) (December 4, 2019): 159–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.14746/spp.2017.2.18.6.

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The activity which States undertake when conducting extensive non-directed surveillance programmes is seen as one of the major threats to privacy at the time of the information society. This problem has a special dimension in the European Union because the surveillance activity of individual Member States may be an obstacle to the functioning of a single internal market, particularly when it comes to ensuring the freedom to transfer personal data. Due to the supranational character of contemporary means of communication, and especially Internet communication services, guarantees related to the protection of privacy ought to be analysed not only through the prism of domestic regulations but also in the light of international law provisions. Results of an analysis of the relevant primary and secondary EU law have been presented. A special focus was put on Directive 95/46 of the European Parliament and of the Council on the protection of individuals with regard to the processing of personal data and on the free movement of such data and Directive 2002/58 on privacy and electronic communications. The formal eff ects of the rulings of the Court of Justice which determined invalidity of the retention directive have been analysed as well, mainly from the perspective of the validity of national provisions implementing the general obligation to retain the data in legal orders of EU Member States. Particularly interesting seems to be the analysis of the grounds for non-directed surveillance programmes and comparison of the fi ndings with the rulings of the CJEU and the ECHR, particularly the recent CJEU’s judgment in Tele2 and the ECHR’s judgment in Szabo v. Hungary. The judicial decisions analysed in the paper may not only be useful in solving matters related to surveillance instruments used in individual cases but may also serve as a helpful tool in establishing the directions of development of domestic regulations in line with international standards. The latter may also be related to the provisions of the surveillance act and anti-terrorist act recently binding in Poland.

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11

Ioannidou, Vasiliki G., and Scott Arthur. "Experimental results of the hydrological performance of a permeable pavement laboratory rig." Journal of Water Supply: Research and Technology-Aqua 69, no. 3 (April 15, 2020): 210–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/aqua.2020.118.

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Abstract There is an increasing number of everyday flood incidents around the world, the impact of which poses a challenge to society, the economy and the environment. Under the Water Framework Directive (2000/60/EC), green infrastructure through the use of sustainable drainage systems (SuDS) is the recommended policy to manage and treat storm water runoff. Given the limited published experimental information on permeable interlocking concrete block pavements (PICPs), this paper presents novel results from an experimental laboratory study on a permeable interlocking concrete block pavement rig, investigating the short-term hydrology of the pavement, and water quality aspects related to the retention capacity of suspended solids (SS) through the pavement structure. Results of the volume analysis demonstrate high capability of the permeable structure to reduce the concentration time and attenuate the storm. Water quality testing was employed mainly as an indicator of the tendency of the suspended solids retention by the structure, indicating increasing tendency in the sediment mass retention progressively after each rainfall event. Experimental results obtained in the present study have direct application on the implementation of PICPs in car parking lots, urbanised pavement structures and pedestrianised walkways.

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12

Aleström, Peter, Livia D’Angelo, Paul J. Midtlyng, Daniel F. Schorderet, Stefan Schulte-Merker, Frederic Sohm, and Susan Warner. "Zebrafish: Housing and husbandry recommendations." Laboratory Animals 54, no. 3 (September 11, 2019): 213–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0023677219869037.

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This article provides recommendations for the care of laboratory zebrafish ( Danio rerio) as part of the further implementation of Annex A to the European Convention on the protection of vertebrate animals used for experimental and other scientific purposes, EU Commission Recommendation 2007/526/EC and the fulfilment of Article 33 of EU Directive 2010/63, both concerning the housing and care of experimental animals. The recommendations provide guidance on best practices and ranges of husbandry parameters within which zebrafish welfare, as well as reproducibility of experimental procedures, are assured. Husbandry procedures found today in zebrafish facilities are numerous. While the vast majority of these practices are perfectly acceptable in terms of zebrafish physiology and welfare, the reproducibility of experimental results could be improved by further standardisation of husbandry procedures and exchange of husbandry information between laboratories. Standardisation protocols providing ranges of husbandry parameters are likely to be more successful and appropriate than the implementation of a set of fixed guidance values neglecting the empirically successful daily routines of many facilities and will better reflect the wide range of environmental parameters that characterise the natural habitats occupied by zebrafish. A joint working group on zebrafish housing and husbandry recommendations, with members of the European Society for Fish Models in Biology and Medicine (EUFishBioMed) and of the Federation of European Laboratory Animal Science Associations (FELASA) has been given a mandate to provide guidelines based on a FELASA list of parameters, ‘Terms of Reference’.

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13

Ghadimi Gheidari, Farrokh, Mohammad Davoudi, Saeed Ghaniabad, and Gholamreza Zareian. "Authorial Stance-Taking and Engagement by Iranian PhD Candidates of TEFL in Writing Their Dissertations." Journal of Social Sciences Research, SPI 1 (November 15, 2018): 305–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.32861/jssr.spi1.305.313.

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Writing has a special role in academic society as most of the information is transferred though publications. It has various aspects and among them stance taking and engagement have received less attention. The current study aimed at investigating how Iranian PhD candidates take stance and engagement in their dissertations. The participants of the study included Iranian PhD candidates and corpus for text analysis contained PhD dissertations written by them. Discourse analysis was carried out on the corpus to identify stance taking and engagement based on the framework proposed by Hyland (2008). Overall, it was found that Iranian PhD candidates use all the elements of stance taking although some elements were more present than others. For instance, the use of stance makers of boosters like actually, believe(s), believed, certain, clear, definite, demonstrate(s), demonstrated, and establish were present in the dissertations about 12.38% while the use of self-mention like I, me, my, our, us, we, the researcher, and the researchers were present about 39.04% out of all instances of stance markers used by the PhD candidates. With regard to the engagement, it was found that all the engagement markers were present in the dissertation except engagement markers such as Questions and Directive (imperative). As in stance taking the elements of engagement were present with various degrees. For instance, the use of interjections like the use of word Key was 12.42% while that of modals such as have to, must, need, ought, and should was 59.62%. The results were discussed and their implications were presented.

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14

Seitz, Alexander M. "No Prohibition of Dissemination of Information on Prescription-Only Medicinal Products on a Manufacturer's Website." European Journal of Risk Regulation 2, no. 3 (September 2011): 447–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1867299x00001495.

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Article 88 (1) (a) of Directive 2001/83/EC must be interpreted as meaning that it does not prohibit the dissemination on a website, by a pharmaceutical undertaking, of information relating to medicinal products available on medical prescription only, where that information is accessible on the website only to someone who seeks to obtain it and that dissemination consists solely in the faithful reproduction of the packaging of the medicinal product, in accordance with Article 62 of Directive 2001/83, and in the literal and complete reproduction of the package leaflet or the summary of the product's characteristics, which have been approved by the authorities with competence in relation to medicinal products (official headnote).

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15

Leighfield, Margaret. "Leisure 2001: Information for a Leisure Society." European Journal of Education 22, no. 3/4 (1987): 321. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1502905.

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16

Cook, Trevor. "UK implementation of the Copyright in the Information Society Directive." Computer Law & Security Review 20, no. 1 (January 2004): 17–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0267-3649(04)00004-4.

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17

Pearce, Graham, and Nicholas Platten. "Promoting the Information Society: The EU Directive on Electronic Commerce." European Law Journal 6, no. 4 (December 2000): 363–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1468-0386.00113.

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18

Beaumont, Jon. "Recent Changes in Copyright Law and their Effects on Information Professionals within Law Firms." Legal Information Management 6, no. 2 (June 2006): 102–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1472669606000351.

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This is an overview by Jon Beaumont of the results of his dissertation which examined the impact of changes in copyright law. It also contains a brief history of copyright law and discusses the more significant effects of the Copyright Directive 2001/29/EC.

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19

Angelopoulos, Christina. "COMMUNICATION TO THE PUBLIC AND ACCESSORY COPYRIGHT INFRINGEMENT." Cambridge Law Journal 76, no. 3 (November 2017): 496–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0008197317000770.

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In recent judgments, the Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU) has been developing its interpretation of the notion of “communication to the public”. This forms one of the exclusive rights of copyright holders that have been harmonised by the InfoSoc Directive (Directive 2001/29/EC (OJ 2001 L 167 p.1)). As was established in 2006 (Case C-306/05, Sociedad General de Autores y Editores de España (SGAE) v Rafael Hoteles, ECLI:EU:C:2006:764, at [31]), despite the lack of an explicit definition in that directive, the notion of a “communication to the public” must be given “an autonomous and uniform interpretation” throughout the EU. This finding initially resulted in the creation of a considerable amount of uncertainty for national courts. The gradual accumulation of information through subsequent CJEU judgments has begun to bring some clarity, while also raising new questions.

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20

Krylov, Aleksandr. "Ensuring a high degree of integration of the Russian Federation to the world information society as a direction of state information policy." Social'naja politika i social'noe partnerstvo (Social Policy and Social Partnership), no. 8 (August 8, 2020): 38–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.33920/pol-01-2008-04.

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This article analyzes the results of the state information policy in relation to the international community in 2019. Ensuring a high degree of integration of the Russian Federation into the world information society is considered as a direction of the state information policy.

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21

Hornby, Susan. "Teaching the information society: Pragmatism or pangloss?" Education for Information 19, no. 3 (November 19, 2001): 253–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/efi-2001-19306.

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22

Látečková, A., and M. Kučera. "Management of agricultural production in the conditions of information society." Agricultural Economics (Zemědělská ekonomika) 53, No. 8 (January 7, 2008): 354–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/922-agricecon.

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Nowadays the development of information systems and technologies secures an effective solution of the production process. The implementation of a qualitative software solution is a competitive advantage for agricultural companies as well. In this article, we pay our attention to problematic fields which need to be respected in the process of automated management of agricultural production. We consider as the most important part the creation of adequate information infrastructure which respects the company organization structure and manager’s requirements for information accessibility; data monitoring in terms of environmental economy (nitrate directive) and we suggest selected aspects for automated company information system.

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23

Makauskaitė, Gintarė. "Teisė į viešojo sektoriaus informaciją Europos Sąjungos teisėje." Teisė 80 (January 1, 2011): 123–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.15388/teise.2011.0.155.

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Straipsnyje tiriama teisės į viešojo sektoriaus informaciją turinys ir apimtis bei jos specifika ES teisėje. Nagrinėjant remiamasi valstybių narių praktikos pavyzdžiais ir bendraisiais teisės į viešojo sektoriaus informaciją standartais; specialiai skiriama dėmesio Reglamento 1049/2001 ir Direktyvos 2003/98/EB nuostatoms palyginti maksimalaus atskleidimo principo kontekste.The article analyses the scope and the contents of right to public sector information and it‘s particularities under EU law. The author examines the practice of member states and general standards of the right to public sector information; a special emphasis is given to the comparison of Regulation 1049/2001 and Directive 2003/98/EC in the context of the principle of maximum disclosure.

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Stevenson, Valerie. "Forward to 2001: An Information Odyssey." Legal Information Management 1, no. 1 (2001): 57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s147266960000030x.

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BIALL hosted a winter regional meeting at the Signet Library in Edinburgh in December.This event gave members who are not able to attend the annual study conference June an opportunity to get together and discuss current professional issues. Local librarians who are not BIALL members were also invited to attend, and there was a good turnout from the Scottish and North of England law librarians groups. The Signet Library, a private subscription library for members of the Society of Writers to the Signet in Scotland, provided a wonderful setting for the talks, discussion sessions and the Friday evening dinner: many us envied Audrey Walker and her team coming to work each day in such elegant surroundings.

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25

Duff, Alistair S. "On the present state of information society studies." Education for Information 19, no. 3 (November 19, 2001): 231–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/efi-2001-19304.

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26

Grisse, K., and S. Koroch. "The British private copying exception and its compatibility with the Information Society Directive." Journal of Intellectual Property Law & Practice 10, no. 7 (May 2, 2015): 562–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jiplp/jpv069.

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27

Faeh, Andrea. "Pharmaceutical information: Does the Directive 2001/83/EC protect such a right for the end user?" Amsterdam Law Forum 3, no. 1 (February 2, 2011): 30. http://dx.doi.org/10.37974/alf.160.

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28

Pishchik, Vlada I. "Value-driven fears of modern information generations." E3S Web of Conferences 258 (2021): 07037. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202125807037.

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Today, the problem of formation and life of generations is becoming very relevant. Many researchers in different countries note that representatives of the information younger generations have an increased risk of depression, anxiety and fears. In the study, we note the manifestations of modernity: transitivity of society, fluidity, “uncertainty” and etc. In this regard, young people face fluid socialization, a delay in the period of growing up and excessive parental care. There is a tendency of replacement of real contacts of young people with virtual ones, which can increase the level of anxiety. The trends of changing values in Russia in the direction of survival established earlier by Inglehart and Baker (2000) may have different prospects today. Some researchers show a high level of anxiety among young Russians. The situation with COVID-19 may aggravate these manifestations. Illusory correlations, false representations in the beliefs of young people also increase social anxiety. These realities determined the purpose of the study: to determine the value bases of young generations fears of the modern South of Russia. The sample included: schoolchildren (born in 2004-2005) - 150 people, schoolchildren of the 9th grade and 10th grade, information generation (born in 1995-1999) - 210 people, students, young workers, transition generation (born in 1965-1982) - 245 people, working adults of Rostov-on-Don. We used the following techniques: values were measured by S. Schwartz method, to determine fears we used the V. Pishchik method of determining values through actualized fears. The results of the study showed that the values of preservation and self-affirmation are more pronounced in the “Transition” and “Information” generations. The values of transcendence are expressed in all the studied generations with a greater extent in the “New” generation. The loss of culture scares the “Transitional” generation, the loss of oneself scares the “Information” generation, the information overload scares the “New” generation. We defined the value bases of the fears of the young generations of the modern South of Russia.

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29

Black, Alistair. "The scope of the syllabus of information society studies." Education for Information 19, no. 3 (November 19, 2001): 245–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/efi-2001-19305.

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30

Coult, Graham. "Implementations in the UK of EU Directive 29/2001 on Copyright part 1: Consulting the experts, raising awareness, identifying the main issues, and the consultation process." Legal Information Management 3, no. 1 (2003): 15–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1472669600001638.

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One of the most satisfying aspects of editing a magazine such as Managing Information, is the gathering together of expertise to help people improve their abilities and the services they provide and to facilitate, through raised awareness and discussion, the development of solutions to issues. Just such an opportunity has presented itself over the past year in the form of the imminent implementation of EU Directive 29/2001.

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31

Lagnado, John. "Archivist's Annual Report 2001." Biochemist 24, no. 5 (October 1, 2002): 49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bio02405049.

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General information about the main holdings of the Society Archives, together with an indication of priorities for future developments, were set out in the April 2001 issue of The Biochemist. This article summarizes what progress has been achieved over the past year.

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32

Van Eechoud, Mireille. "Making Access to Government Data Work." Masaryk University Journal of Law and Technology 9, no. 2 (September 30, 2015): 61–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.5817/mujlt2015-2-4.

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The EU Directive on Re-use of Public Sector Information of 2013 (the PSI Directive) is a key instrument for open data policies at all levels of government in Member States. It sets out a general framework for the conditions governing the right to re-use information resources held by public sector bodies. It includes provisions on non-discrimination, transparent licensing and the like. However, what the PSI Directive does not do is give businesses, civil society or citizens an actual claim to access. Access is of course a prerequisite to (re)use. It is largely a matter for individual Member States to regulate what information is in the public record. This article explores what the options for the EC are to promote alignment of rights to information and re-use policy. It also flags a number of important data protection problems that have not been given serious enough consideration, but have the potential to paralyze open data policies.

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33

Gulič, Andrej, and Sergeja Praper. "Slovenia – information society? Possible development scenarios." Urbani izziv 12, no. 1 (2001): 85–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.5379/urbani-izziv-en-2001-12-01-009.

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34

Svärd, Proscovia. "Public Information Directive (PSI) implementation in two Swedish municipalities." Records Management Journal 28, no. 1 (March 19, 2018): 2–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/rmj-04-2016-0012.

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Purpose This paper examines the implementation of the Public Sector Information (PSI) directive in two Swedish municipalities amidst a changing information management landscape impacted by e-government development. Government information is currently looked upon as a “gold mine” and “raw material” to be explored by interested parties. The PSI directive grants European citizens a right to access government information flows (PSI) in order to develop new electronic services. The Swedish government implemented its PSI directive in July 2010. Swedish municipalities have to embrace the directive and make the PSI available to the general public. The literature review highlighted a number of critical issues that should be addressed if PSI initiatives are to succeed. This study revealed that the two municipalities had different resource capacities, and the levels of e-government development varied. This meant that the implementation of the PSI directive also varied. The bigger municipality with a bigger budget had implemented the PSI directive and was publishing data sets on its website, while the smaller municipality with a smaller budget only published a few documents. This paper, therefore, argues that the municipalities should have the same capacity if the PSI is to be a democratic endeavor to serve all citizens. Good quality PSI will also require the municipalities to embrace a records and information continua thinking, which highlights the necessity to proactively and holistically manage the information for pluralization in different contexts. Design/methodology/approach This paper builds on interviews that were conducted with four municipal officers. The number of respondents is quite small because the focus was specifically on people who were responsible for the implementation of the PSI directive in the municipalities. The respondents were identified through their fellow colleagues and they also recommended each other. Pickard refers to this kind of approach as a snow-bowling approach. Through interviews and observation, one participant advises on issues that need further inquiry and, hence, directs the researcher to another person who might offer more answers. A general interview guide approach was used to solicit answers to issues such as the implementation of the PSI directive, guidelines for PSI publication, if terms such as big data and open data were being used in the municipalities, if the municipalities had an information governance plan and how it was understood, if the information systems were well aligned to meet with the requirements of the PSI directive, how e-government development affected information management and information security and if the municipalities had information security guidelines. Findings The Swedish government requires its administrations to engage in e-government development. This development has led to increased amounts of information that the municipalities have to effectively manage and make available to the general public. However, the municipalities operate under different conditions. Municipalities that are financially stronger are better placed to invest in measures that will lead to better quality PSI. All municipalities are, however, expected to implement the PSI directive. The two municipalities that were the subjects of this study had different information management environments and the capacity to invest in information management systems that would facilitate the management of their information resources. The budgetary constraints faced by smaller municipalities might impact the implementation of the PSI directive and, hence, hinder the publication of the PSI. e-Government is meant to be an inclusive project, and the PSI is meant for all citizens with innovative ideas. There is a risk that citizens who belong to poorer municipalities might not be equally privileged compared to those living in resourceful municipalities. This poses a democratic challenge that should concern all people interested in an open and inclusive society. Originality/value Little research has so far been published on the implementation process of the PSI directive. The discourses that have started to emerge discuss the challenges of open data without paying much attention to the creation, capture and the management aspects of the PSI. The originality of this paper, therefore, lies in the application of the records and information continua thinking, which highlights dimensions that enhance information management and the democratic challenges that will be caused by the data divide, as municipalities have different capabilities when it comes to the publication of the PSI.

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Steinley, Douglas. "A Review of Three Classification Society Meetings: 2001-2002." Journal of Classification 23, no. 1 (June 2006): 169–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00357-006-0009-z.

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Füg, Oliver C. "Save the Children: The Protection of Minors in the Information Society and the Audiovisual Media Services Directive." Journal of Consumer Policy 31, no. 1 (January 18, 2008): 45–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10603-007-9059-9.

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Poser, Mareen. "DTCA of Prescription Medicines in the European Union: Is There Still a Need for a Ban?" European Journal of Health Law 17, no. 5 (2010): 471–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/157180910x527897.

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AbstractThe pharmaceutical sector is one of the main markets in the European Union. The consumption of medicines is high and steadily increasing. However, the pharmaceutical market is subject to a wider range of restrictions than almost any other sector. The restrictions mainly apply to information provision and advertising practice within the community. One of the main features in pharmaceutical regulation is the ban on direct-to-consumer advertising (DTCA) of prescription medicines. However, an abolition of the ban is controversial in the European Community, especially as the pharmaceutical industry keeps pleading for its ability to use the highly effective marketing strategy of DTCA to promote prescription medicines to the general public. Such advertising is only allowed in two jurisdictions in the world, New Zealand and the United States. In both systems the impact of DTCA on the consumer and the economy has been subject to research. The outcome of these studies is outlined in this article. Since the European Commission has provided a new proposal to amend the current information practice regarding prescription medicines in 2008 (European Commission, Proposal for a Directive of the European Parliament and of the Council Amending, as Regards Information to the General Public on Medicinal Products Subject to Medical Prescription, Directive 2001/83/EC on the Community Code Relating to Medicinal Products for Human Use, COM/2008/0663 final) it is time to examine different options to regulate the provision of information and discuss the need for a ban of DTCA.

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Gulič, Andrej, and Sergeja Praper. "Slovenia – information society? Which development scenario is most appropriate?" Urbani izziv 12, no. 2 (2001): 67–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.5379/urbani-izziv-en-2001-12-02-008.

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Earl, Shirley. "What to teach or how to teach it? A reflection on `Teaching the Information Society'." Education for Information 19, no. 3 (November 19, 2001): 263–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/efi-2001-19308.

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Clinch, Peter. "SLS/BIALL Academic Law Library Survey 2001/2002." Legal Information Management 3, no. 2 (2003): 107–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1472669600001882.

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The following report outlines the activities and funding of academic law libraries in the UK and Ireland in the academic year 2001/2002. The figures have been taken from the results of a postal questionnaire undertaken by Information Services staff at Cardiff University on behalf of the Society of Legal Scholars (SLS).

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Rudenko, L. H. "Atlas “Population of Ukraine and its Natural and Cultural Heritage” (transcript of the report at the meeting of the Presidium of NAS of Ukraine, February 3, 2021)." Visnik Nacional'noi' academii' nauk Ukrai'ni, no. 03 (March 25, 2021): 29–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/visn2021.03.029.

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The report deals with the development at the Institute of Geography of the NAS of Ukraine of the first in Ukraine interactive atlas “Population of Ukraine and its Natural and Cultural Heritage,” which reflects the relationship between the population and its heritage and characterizes the stages of its formation and functioning. The atlas, compiled using the methods of geographic information mapping, is a further development of conceptual solutions for the formation of thematic national infrastructure of spatial data, which was implemented during the creation of the National Atlas of Ukraine. The development can be used as a resource for information support of the planning process of balanced regional and state development in the direction of humanization of society, as well as a source of knowledge that can be useful for professionals in various specialties and for the general population.

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Stefánsson, Kristján Andri, and Gunnar Thór Thórarinsson. "Electronic Government: New Legislation on E-Government in Iceland." International Journal of Legal Information 31, no. 3 (2003): 462–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0731126500003747.

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Government Policy on Matters of the Information SocietyWhile information technology has for a long time been utilized in public administration in Iceland, co-ordination and policy formulation only started in the mid-nineties. In 1996, the government made arrangements for a comprehensive policy formulation in this field, when the government formulated a specific policy on matters of the information society and established a provisional developmental project for this purpose under the direction of a special working group under the auspices of the Prime Minister's Office. While the project was to be completed within five years, from 1998 to 2002, it was decided at the beginning of this year to extend it to the end of the year 2003 while an appraisal of its implementation was carried out. Among the goals set in the governmental policy was that legislation, rules and the working methods of the public administration should be reviewed with a view to information technology, for the purpose of stimulating technological progress, and to make information accessible to the public irrespective of residence or economic resources. Furthermore, a special emphasis was put on the utilization of information technology in the dissemination of public information, and that all information systems used by government agencies should be structured so that they would provide information on laws, regulations, rights and obligations, and such matters, via a computer network, and also enable the public to go about their business, monitor the progress of important matters, and be provided with all such services which can be provided in this manner.

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Foubert, Marine. "« Living the Information Society in Asia », sous la direction d’Erwin Alampay, International Development Research Centre (IDRC), Institute of Southeast Asian Studies (ISEAS), 2009." Netcom, no. 23-3/4 (December 1, 2009): 293–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/netcom.786.

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Camilleri, Mark Anthony. "Environmental, social and governance disclosures in Europe." Sustainability Accounting, Management and Policy Journal 6, no. 2 (May 5, 2015): 224–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/sampj-10-2014-0065.

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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to shed light on the European Union’s (EU) latest regulatory principles for environmental, social and governance (ESG) disclosures. It explains how some of the EU’s member states are ratifying the EU Commission’s directives on ESG reporting by introducing intelligent, substantive and reflexive regulations. Design/methodology/approach – Following a review of EU publications and relevant theoretical underpinnings, this paper reports on the EU member states’ national policies for ESG reporting and disclosures. Findings – The EU has recently revised a number of tools and instruments for the reporting of financial and non-financial information, including the EU’s modernisation directive, the EU’s directive on the disclosure of non-financial and diversity information, the EU Energy Efficiency Directive, the European pollutant release and transfer register, the EU emission trading scheme, the integrated pollution prevention and control directive, among others. Practical implications – Although all member states are transposing these new EU directives, to date, there are no specific requirements in relation to the type of non-financial indicators that can be included in annual reports. Moreover, there is a need for further empirical evidence that analyse how these regulations may (or may not) affect government entities and big corporations. Social implications – Several EU countries are integrating reporting frameworks that require the engagement of relevant stakeholders (including shareholders) to foster a constructive environment that may lead to continuous improvements in ESG disclosures. Originality/value – EU countries are opting for a mix of voluntary and mandatory measures that improve ESG disclosures in their respective jurisdictions. This contribution indicates that there is scope for national governments to give further guidance to civil society and corporate business to comply with the latest EU developments in ESG reporting. When European entities respond to regulatory pressures, they are also addressing ESG and economic deficits for the benefit of all stakeholders.

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Artene, Alin, Ovidiu-Constantin Bunget, Alin-Constantin Dumitrescu, Aura-Emanuela Domil, and Oana Bogdan. "Non-Financial Information Disclosures and Environmental Protection—Evidence from Romania and Greece." Forests 11, no. 8 (July 28, 2020): 814. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f11080814.

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Currently, sustainability and sustainable development are issues that concern society due to the high degree of pollution and the measures taken that, in many cases, do not prove their efficiency. Economic entities are aware that their involvement in the community has become necessary for the sustainable development of any business. The promotion of responsibility towards the environment is an important principle of corporate social responsibility (CSR), which is becoming an obligation that can no longer be exempted. Our intention in this paper was to study the changes generated by the European Union (EU) Directive 2014/95 regarding the manner in which oil entities listed at the Bucharest Stock Exchange (BSE) and the Athens Stock Exchange (ATHEX) between 2014 and 2018, report environment-related information. We also identified whether entities in fields that are known as polluting were more sensitive to environmental factors and if they tended to report more information compared to other business sectors. To achieve these objectives, we used qualitative and quantitative research. Namely, we analyzed the entities’ non-financial reports, to identify their social responsibility actions, and we tested if they were correlated with the environment protection and also with the 2014/95 European directive stipulations. For the entities operating in this polluting area, demonstrating transparency regarding the efforts and investments made to counteract the environmental impacts is important. Non-financial corporate reporting can be an opportunity to integrate sustainability into a company’s business practices and strategies to obtain benefits and to increase efficiency and, thus, to increase stakeholder confidence. The contribution of our study is to highlight the importance of non-financial information for the sustainable development of companies and the environment.

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McBURNEY, PETER. "First international workshop on chance discovery." Knowledge Engineering Review 16, no. 2 (March 2001): 201–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s026988890100011x.

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The first International Workshop on Chance Discovery (CD) was held in the hot-springs resort of Matsue, Shimani Prefecture, Japan, on 22 May 2001, as part of the Fifteenth Annual Conference of the Japanese Society for Artificial Intelligence (JSAI-2001). Thirteen presentations were made to the workshop (Ohsawa, 2001), with 25 people attending. The majority of presenters and attendees were from Japan. An edited selection of the papers presented will be included in a volume of papers from the various International Workshops of JSAI-2001, to be published in the Springer series, Advanced Information Processing. A forthcoming special issue of the journal New Generation Computing will also address this topic.

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Jõesaar, Andres. "One Country, Two Polarised Audiences: Estonia and the Deficiency of the Audiovisual Media Services Directive." Media and Communication 3, no. 4 (December 29, 2015): 45–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.17645/mac.v3i4.383.

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This article argues that until recent times, the Estonian media policy has mainly been interpreted as an economic issue and it did not account for the strategic need to build a comprehensive media field to serve all groups in society. This has happened despite the fact the Estonian media policy is in line with the European Union (EU) media policy, which should ensure freedom of information, diversity of opinion and media pluralism. Findings of the Estonian case study show that despite these noble aims, Estonia has two radically different information fields: one for Estonian speaking audiences and one for Russian speakers. Events in Ukraine have added to the democratic media policy paradigm a question of national security. Now it is a challenge for the policy makers to unite polarised media fields and how to minimise the impact of Russian propaganda. On the EU level, one supportive measure could be a revision of the Audiovisual Media Service Directive.

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Tarquinio, Lara, and Stefanía Carolina Posadas. "Exploring the term “non-financial information”: an academics’ view." Meditari Accountancy Research 28, no. 5 (May 1, 2020): 727–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/medar-11-2019-0602.

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Purpose With the European Union (EU) Directive 2014/95/UE, there is a growing interest in the corporate disclosure of “non-financial information” (NFI). However, no generally accepted definition of this term exists. This paper aims to reflect on the meaning and importance of the NFI definition by investigating how this term is defined in the literature and by exploring scholars’ cognitive perceptions of its meaning. Design/methodology/approach Two different research methods were used. A systematic literature review of NFI definitions was integrated with a survey to a sample of Italian scholars working on the NFI research topic. Findings This study demonstrates that the meaning of NFI is still ambiguous and multifaceted as neither a common understanding nor a single and generally accepted definition of the term exists. As the advent of the EU directive, this term has often referred to information about society and the environment, though most academics define and understand NFI differently, as corporate social responsibility (CSR) issues, intellectual capital information and information that are external to financial statements. These definitions pave the way for conceptualising NFI as a genus and its different understandings (i.e. CSR, ESG information, etc.) as species. Therefore, what constitutes NFI is open to interpretations. Research limitations/implications This paper contributes to enriching the literature on the meaning of NFI and providing further insights into explaining the heterogeneity of the NFI definition. Practical implications This paper provides researchers, practitioners and regulators with some novel insights into the meaning and understanding of NFI. It provides regulators and standard setters with knowledge for building a commonly accepted definition of NFI. Meanwhile, policymakers, regulators, practitioners and academics can contribute to establishing a definition by following three approaches: regulative, open and adaptive. This can help to avoid the risk of an information gap among stakeholder expectations, regulator requests and NFI reporting in practice. Originality/value The literature focussing on the meaning of NFI is still scarce. This study contributes to extending the knowledge of how the term NFI is defined and understood by academics.

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Turner, AJ. "Portland Press Limited: the year 2001 in review." Biochemist 24, no. 4 (August 1, 2002): 54–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bio02404054.

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I am delighted to report that 2001 was an extremely successful year for the Biochemical Society's publishing subsidiary, Portland Press Limited, particularly as my previous report predicted a significant increase in turnover -- it feels very good to have been right! The company achieved a profit on ordinary activities after taxation of £602244 (compared with £337419 in 2000), which was gifted to the Biochemical Society to enable it to carry out its charitable objectives. This excellent performance is a direct result of the investment that was made in information technology (IT) systems and to the successful re-organization of the Portland Customer Services Centre (PCSC), which took place in 2000.

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Powell, Wiliam E., and Mary L. Kelly-Powell. "Media and Society: An Interview with Robert McChesney." Families in Society: The Journal of Contemporary Social Services 83, no. 5 (October 2002): 567–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1606/1044-3894.59.

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Robert McChesney was interviewed in late 2001 in Urbana, Illinois. He is a research professor in the Institute of Communication Research and the Graduate School of Information and Library Science at the University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign. He is also the noted author of several books including Rich Media, Poor Democracy: Communication Politics in Dubious Times and It's the Media, Stupid! The interview was conducted to broaden our understanding of the interplay of social issues and the media. Being cognizant of changes in the American media is particularly important in the policy arena where the dissemination of information and the shaping of public opinion is critical to the success of our efforts on behalf of our clients. McChesney candidly illuminates his views about the confluence of recent political, social, and economic changes that shape our media, our knowledge, and the context of efforts to affect social change.

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