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Kelepouris, Thomas. "The value of supply chain tracking information." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.611637.
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Ascef, Rogers. "Maintenance enterprise resource planning: information value among supply chain elements." Thesis, Monterey, California: Naval Postgraduate School, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/44513.
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Approved for public release; distribution is unlimitedThe maintenance supply chain involves maintenance, repair, and overhaul organizations and the relationships within and across suppliers and customers. These organizations work with the probability of equipment failure, maintenance, and the use requirements of spare parts. All of these elements increase uncertainty in this environment. Furthermore, it is difficult to integrate and process information to maintain effective inventory control. This high level of uncertainty and lack of integration of information cause inventory excesses and shortages of spare parts needed in maintenance, which results in unnecessary costs. This research proposes a new model based on information processing theories to connect the lateral elements of the supply chain, increase vertical information integration, and transform the maintenance supply chain into an efficient system to decrease shortages and excesses of inventory thereby reducing costs. This research will incorporate a simulation to compare the proposed new model with the traditional inventory models. This study claims that, when using the new model in different situations, inventory performance is better than in the traditional models of inventory control. The importance of the results for the maintenance organizations relates to potential improvements in cost and in inventory control while fulfilling mission requirements.
3
HERMANSSON, AXEL, and MÖLLER PETER SYLVÉN. "Digitalization of Supply Chains : A case study of value adds by digitalizing the supply chain." Thesis, KTH, Industriell Management, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-189757.
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Technology has been developing over the last decades and the phenomenon of digitalization is becoming a reality for all industries. For supply chain managers, it is becoming a necessity to use the new technology to create interoperable systems that can increase responsiveness, transparency and cost efficiency of their supply chains, in order to meet the more demanding customer expectations and business environments. Changing business environments force companies to enter new markets where margins might be lower, which requires more cost efficient supply chains. Company X, the commissioning company for this research is an example of a company struggling with this. They are starting to develop Information and Communication Technology (ICT) products, which have lower margins than previous products. Company X, who is about to start the journey of digitalizing their supply chains, would therefore benefit from knowing what value adds that digitalization can bring. There is currently a gap within the field of supply chain management regarding evaluation of digitalization projects. Therefore, this study investigates the main drivers, factors that enable changes and affect value adds, of digitalization of supply chains, the changes these drivers result in and the value adds of these. The study also contributes with a framework for future evaluation of digitalization projects.The study was conducted with case studies at three companies, which are all comparable to Company X in both size and business. The investigated companies are all global producers of ICT-products who have conducted a digitalization of their supply chains.The main finding of this study is that the overall driver for digitalization according to the case companies is Standardization and Simplification, and all case companies state that this is the main goal for digitalizing the supply chain. Furthermore, automatization from tender to invoice is one of the major changes that standardization and simplification of the Supply Chain Information Technology (SCIT) enables. This improves the information flow between all silos within the supply chain and also helps increase order reliability, responsiveness and scalability as well as improve integration and collaboration with partners and suppliers, and it increases the overall process and cost efficiency. This all helps to increase the customer experience and satisfaction, which is stated as the major value add from digitalization of the supply chain according to the case companies.
4
Halliday, Leah. "Cost and value in the peer-reviewed scholarly digital journal information chain." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2002. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/33752.
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The thesis reports research on digital publishing of peer-reviewed, scholarly journals. The aim was: (1) to first describe the activities undertaken by the stakeholders involved in scholarly Journal publishing, a process that is largely uncharted; (2) then to relate those activities to the structure of the scholarly journal publishing chain with reference to various economic or business models that have been tested or proposed; (3) and finally to explain in strategic terms some of the developments observed. Between four and six subjects were interview from each of the following groups of stakeholders in the scholarly journal information chain: authors, editors/referees (one group), publishers and librarians.
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Cheong, Tae Su. "Value of information and supply uncertainty in supply chains." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/42725.
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This dissertation focuses on topics related to the value of real-time information and/or to supply uncertainties due to uncertain lead-times and yields in supply chains. The first two of these topics address issues associated with freight transportation, while the remaining two topics are concerned with inventory replenishment.
We first assess the value of dynamic tour determination for the traveling salesman problem (TSP). Given a network with traffic dynamics that can be modeled as a Markov chain, we present a policy determination procedure that optimally builds a tour dynamically. We then explore the potential for expected total travel cost reduction due to dynamic tour determination, relative to two a priori tour determination procedures.
Second, we consider the situation where the decision to continue or abort transporting perishable freight from an origin to a destination can be made at intermediate locations, based on real-time freight status monitoring. We model the problem as a partially observed Markov decision process (POMDP) and develop an efficient procedure for determining an optimal policy. We determine structural characteristics of an optimal policy and upper and lower bounds on the optimal reward function.
Third, we analyze a periodic review inventory control problem with lost sales and random yields and present conditions that guarantee the existence of an optimal policy having a so-called staircase structure. We make use of this structure to accelerate both value iteration and policy evaluation.
Lastly, we examine a model of inventory replenishment where both lead time and supply qualities are uncertain. We model this problem as an MDP and show that the weighted sum of inventory in transit and inventory at the destination is a sufficient statistic, assuming that random shrinkage can occur from the origin to the supply system or destination, shrinkage is deterministic within the supply system and from the supply system to the destination, and no shrinkage occurs once goods reach the destination.
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Zhang, Sheng Hao. "Replenishment sequencing and the value of information in a supply chain with balanced ordering /." View abstract or full-text, 2005. http://library.ust.hk/cgi/db/thesis.pl?ISMT%202005%20ZHANG.
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Moore, Karla. "VALUE MAPPING FRAMEWORK INVOLVING STAKEHOLDERS FOR SUPPLY CHAIN IMPROVEMENT WHEN IMPLEMENTING INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY PROJECTS." Doctoral diss., University of Central Florida, 2008. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/3993.
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Successful Supply Chain Management (SCM) depends on how well an organization performs internal and external communications with trading partners, executes the logistics component, and understands/monitors related costs of conducting its business. The use of information technology (IT) is considered a prerequisite for the effective control of today's complex supply chains. Increased communication technology has redefined how businesses work together, raised customer expectations, and placed new demands on supply chain performance. IT components with proven and rapid return-on-investment are favored to support critical supply chain processes such as leaner manufacturing processes, consumer-driven supply chains, and customer responsiveness. The use of IT in the digital era has become critical and it is treated as a major competitive tool for success. Complex and comprehensive IT infrastructures support the firm's communications network, databases, and operating systems. Information technology facilitates the creation of value. However, the creation of value is defined by the different groups of stakeholders. Therefore, stakeholders must be integrated into this process of change management that uses IT as the enabler. Supply chains are due to change when higher levels of performance and/or adaptation are required as mandated by changes in the business structure and/or benchmarking and/or regulations. One of the major problems for any supply chain executive is to understand and manage these changes. These changes usually require the implementation of an IT project. Therefore, the successful design, execution, and completion of these IT projects are important for the supply chain. SCM is now a strategic function addressed at the highest levels of the organization in concert with multiple stakeholders on both the supplier and customer side of the table. The aim of this dissertation is to develop a value mapping framework involving stakeholders to improve supply chain performance when implementing IT projects. The framework has components that help define the supply chain, measure the size of the issues, identify necessary changes in the metrics to improve performance, measure the organizational consequences of these changes, and develop and follow a plan to implement IT projects to achieve the new goals of performance. Through this new framework, these IT projects will be able to bring the supply chain from a current state "As is" to a future state "To be"; capturing the existing and desired states of the proposed changes which are aligned with the objectives and goals of the organization. Therefore, the IT project can be designed, executed, and completed. One unique component of this framework is the inclusion of the stakeholders at different stages. This framework identifies the group of stakeholders to be taken into consideration in order to define the future "To be" state. In addition, the framework identifies the value creation of the "To be" system as seen by the stakeholders.Ph.D.
Department of Industrial Engineering and Management Systems
Engineering and Computer Science
Industrial Engineering PhD
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Syuhada, Maulana M. "The Value of Information Sharing in a Multi-Echelon Supply Chain: a Simulation Study." Thesis, Lancaster University, 2014. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.634040.
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Information sharing has become the most recommended strategy in the literature to counter the Bullwhip Effect. The number of studies in this field has risen substantially since Lee et al. (1997a, 1997b) published their papers about the Bullwhip Effect. The studies have been predominantly carried out in two-echelon model of a supply chain using analytical approaches. Analytical studies are restricted by many assumptions for reasons of mathematical tractability, and often the model becomes unrealistic or too specific to allow useful conclusions to be drawn. To overcome this limitation, we use a simulation approach and model our supply chain as a multiechelon model where consumer demand is autocorrelated and the supply chain members do not know both demand process and its parameters, negative orders are not permitted and lead time is estimated using the realisation of actual lead time. An order-up-to policy is applied at each stage and demand is estimated using exponential smoothing. We observe that there is a strong relation between the service level and the lead time pattern. When the realised service level is not 100% the actual lead time will have an intermittent pattern with nonzero fixed base level. Whenever stock out happens the actual lead time will rise above the base level. The sporadic occurrences of non-base level lead time during stock out periods create a unique curve that resembles the shape of the stalagmites. Hence, we name it, "The Stalagmite Pattern". To the best of our knowledge, this distinct pattern has never been reported in the literature nor its implications investigated. In the Bullwhip Effect studies that model the supply chain as a multi-echelon model, the lead time parameters are very often underestimated, in which fixed lead time (FL T) is the most popular assumption, but no earlier research has examined this concern. The fixed lead time assumption only works well if the target service level is set close to 100%, otherwise the realised service level will be significantly below the target. The effect of the underestimated lead time is much worse at the lower target service levels. To overcome this problem we propose a model that uses the realisation of actual lead time to estimate the lead time parameters, called Smoothed Lead Time (SL T). Our simulation results show that the SL T that uses MEAN as the lead time estimate outperformed the FL T and performed consistently well for a wide range of target service level. This robust model is then used as our reference to find out the value of information sharing, which is the marginal benefit of using information sharing model relative to the traditional model where no information is being shared. Finally, we investigate the effect of demand autocorrelation, demand variance, and lead time on the value of information sharing to clarify some controversies about the benefit of information sharing reported in the literature. Our numerical analysis shows that information sharing reduces Bullwhip Effect substantially irrespective of the values of the autocorrelation coefficient and demand variability. It is most beneficial in reducing the Bullwhip Effect when the target service level is high, the autocorrelation coefficient is high, and demand variability is low. The benefit increases as lead time gets longer. However, the reduction in Bullwhip Effect is not always linear with the reduction in inventory level. Cutting lead time in half is a more effective method in reducing the inventory level than implementing information sharing. However, in term of bull whip reduction, both methods produce relatively the same results. The conflicting results in the literature regarding the benefit of information sharing in supply chain are likely due to the way the researchers configure the supply chain and set the assumptions.
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Dobrzykowski, David D. "Linking Antecedents and Consequences of Value Density in the Healthcare Delivery Supply Chain." University of Toledo / OhioLINK, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=toledo1289833170.
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Atabarut, Altan. "Value Of Quality Information Of Returns In Product Recovery Management." Master's thesis, METU, 2009. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12610453/index.pdf.
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Returned products of many industries are transported backwards through supply
chains for recovery, thus forming &ldquoclosed-loop supply chains&rdquo
. Benefits, forthcoming with more effective management of recovery of returns are gaining importance. However, some issues, such as lack of information required to assess the quality of the returned products, may translate into critical uncertainties in the product recovery decisions and prevent closed-loop supply chains from operating efficiently. Hence, it is envisaged that significant economies may be attained by increasing the quantity of information fed into the planning decisions related to returned products. Thus, the objective of this study is to test the hypothesis that ready availability of perfect quality grade information associated with returned products by means of &ldquo
embedded systems&rdquo
, may lead to improved over all performance of recovery operations. To this end, in this thesis, linear programming models of generic multistage recovery processes are built. It is demonstrated by computational studies that significant gains may be obtained especially in environments where the prices of recovered products are decreasing in time.
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Vasavada, Amit. "Value of information in a closed loop supply chain in presence of unreliable suppliers for new product /." Diss., Online access via UMI:, 2009.
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Thesis (M.S.)--State University of New York at Binghamton, Thomas J. Watson School of Engineering and Applied Science, Department of Systems Science and Industrial Engineering, 2009.Includes bibliographical references.
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Zietsman, Dalien. "The relevance of ethical value perceptions and supply chain information to international tourists considering purchasing exotic leather products." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/65957.
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With this study the researcher investigated the sustainable luxury value perceptions, supply chain information needs, and purchasing intent of American and Chinese tourists for South African manufactured luxury exotic leather products. Online survey data was collected from 1 043 individuals from American (518) and Chinese (525) decent. A non-probability convenient sample method was followed for data collection purposes. A self-administered questionnaire based on the works of Hennigs, Wiedmann, Klarmann and Behrens (2013c) and Cervellon and Shammas (2013) was used to test individuals’ sustainable luxury value perceptions. A self-developed scale tested the need for supply chain information. Purchasing intent was determined based on the research of Spears and Singh (2004). Data analysis consisted of descriptive and inferential statistics with correlation coefficient determination between constructs. The findings confirmed the “sustainable excellence” perception conceptualised by Hennigs et al. (2013c). It was furthermore found that only slight differences existed between American and Chinese consumers sustainable luxury value perceptions. Furthermore, it was found that American and Chinese consumers had a strong need for supply chain information relating to luxury exotic leather products, with a clear distinction existing between their operational and originality supply chain information needs. The findings showed that consumers from both nationalities had a high intention to purchase luxury exotic leather products when visiting South Africa. In addition, significant correlations were found between American and Chinese consumers’ sustainable luxury value perceptions, their supply chain information needs, and purchasing intent. Various exotic leather industry stakeholders, such as crocodile and ostrich farmers, tanneries, product designers, manufacturers, retailers, and marketers, can benefit from the findings of this study, to position their products competitively.Dissertation (MConsumer Science)--University of Pretoria, 2017.
Consumer Science
MConsumer Science
Unrestricted
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Michail, Antonios. "An investigation of the relationship between value chain activities and generic strategies in small and medium-sized enterprises in UK manufacturing." Thesis, University of Central Lancashire, 2011. http://clok.uclan.ac.uk/3873/.
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In this study an in depth investigation of successful competitive strategies for small to medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) is undertaken. The overall aim of this study is to analyse the strategic orientation of UK Manufacturing SMEs. In the process, it will test Porter’s (1980, 1985) theoretical framework of generic strategies and thus evaluate firms’ preferred strategic synthesis. It will, therefore, test the efficacy of the value chain and develop any specific pattern that relates to a combination strategy. The investigation of the above objectives is undertaken utilising a mixed research methodology with the purpose of examining the applicability of existing competitive strategy frameworks (phase 1) and testing a new theoretical framework that incorporates additional dimensions of strategy (phase 2). During phase 1, Porter’s framework is employed to investigate SMEs’ strategic orientation as a means to achieve sustainable competitive advantage. A semi-structured questionnaire is employed and the analysis is carried out by means of factor and cluster analysis to identify strategic variables currently employed by SMEs. During phase 2, the theoretical framework is operationalised to bridge the gap within the literature and existing empirical research. Its purpose is to identify forms of successful competitive strategies of UK MSMEs as they are formulated and implemented in firms’ value chain activities. The data was collected through a number of semi-structured interviews and the analysis was based on data categorisation. The findings indicate that Porter’s (1980) single generic strategies are not the best option for UK MSMEs for gaining competitive advantage and that the
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Kole, Huseyin. "Analysis Of An Options Contract In A Dual Sourcing Supply Chain Under Disruption Risk." Master's thesis, METU, 2012. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12614937/index.pdf.
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In this study, value of demand information and the importance of option contracts are investigated for a supply chain consisting of a buyer and two suppliers in a single period setting. One supplier is cheap but prone to disruptions whereas the other one is perfectly reliable but expensive. At the beginning of the period, buyer orders from the unreliable supplier and reserves from the reliable supplier through a contract that gives buyer an option to use reserved units after getting disruption information of first supplier. We introduce three models which differ in terms of the level of information available when the ordering decisions are made. In the full information model, the options are exercised after getting disruption and demand informationin the partial information model, the options are exercised after getting disruption information before demand information. In the no information model, there is no options contract and units are ordered from the reliable supplier when buyer has no information about demand and disruption. Through the analysis of these models, we explore the value of advance demand and disruption information in the presence of an options contract.
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Safari, Ernest. "A model of the contribution of information communication technology to the tourism value chain for pro-poor benefits in Rwanda." Thesis, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/2687.
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Thesis (DTech (Tourism and Hospitality Management))--Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2017.Prior studies have shown that the information communication technology sector worldwide is perceived as a transformative and enabling tool for the other economic activities to improve citizens’ lives. In a Rwandan context, information communication technology integration in economic sector activities such as tourism, with the adoption of a value chain approach, is thought to be an answer to a number of social and economic challenges, including unemployment, customer care services, and poor information knowledge. In combination with the tourism sector, it is possible that job creation opportunities could benefit unemployed Rwandans, particularly the young, where information communication technology is identified as a business in itself, and an enabling tool to improve inter-economic and crosscutting activities in a growing economy. Despite mixed results from various studies, information communication technology for a tourism village could be an enabling tool for national and regional development, if priority focus on ICT and tourism quality infrastructures is maintained. Research on the evolving nature of the information communication technology sector, through tourism activities in Rwanda, could yield many off-farm jobs besides solely agrarian activities. The study was conducted on an extensive scale, in order to facilitate the generalisation of the results, employing 720 tourism stakeholders’ surveys, ten interviews with government tourism officials, and ten focus group discussions to garner both quantitative and qualitative data. A mixed research method was used to minimise possible research bias and maximise the accuracy of the findings in the four provinces and Kigali City in Rwanda. Of the 720 questionnaires distributed, 615 were usable. Regarding the interviews with government officials, focus group discussions, field observations and secondary data analysis, the researcher found that the information communication technology contribution to tourism stakeholders’ economic lives was at variance with residents’ perceptions in the provinces and districts, and contradicted the information communication technology benefits of connectivity, internet accessibility and usability in their locality. It was also confirmed that information communication technology contributions to tourism stakeholders were at a very low level, where the contribution was limited to telephone subscriptions and their uses, for example for mobile money transfers. The future of information communication technology contributions to tourism stakeholders is positive, if integrated value chain approaches are adopted to benefit poor communities at a tourist destination being visited. A model of an information communication technology village for the development of a tourism village is proposed. This could serve as a catalyst to measure the impacts on both the information communication technology and tourism sectors discussed in this study. More importantly, it was clearly found that the culture of approaching local communities in the process of policy drafting, or any developmental programme, is not present in Rwanda, and this was shown as a critical issue because of the costly nature of implementation of changes. Consequently, this study found that there was potential to support projections for information communication technology policies to achieve the objectives of sustainable development through tourism, promoting rural development, and a reduction of poverty in general
Rwandan Government, through the Ministry of Education
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Davidsson, Sara, and Viktor Gustafsson. "Streamlining the invisible value chain : - reduction of losses within administrative processes: a case study." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för teknik, TEK, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-13699.
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Continuous improvement of various processes within a company is a necessity to remain competitive on the market. There are many different improvement methodologies to streamline work routines; however the different methodologies do not sufficiently embrace administrative processes or the employee motivation regarding changes. The purpose of this thesis has been to develop a model for streamlining administrative processes, while maintaining the employee motivation during the improvement projects implementation phases. The model has been developed theoretically through literature reviews including different improvement methodologies, such as Lean, TQM, Six Sigma, 5S, ISO 9000 and related subjects, while incorporating perspectives of the relations between quality, production and economy. Besides the aspect of continuous improvement, the methodology of Change management has permeated the model development and model outcome. The developed model for improving administrative processes should over time lead to shorten lead-times and streamlined high quality information flows. The first phases in the model have been implemented at Electrolux Laundry Systems providing the company a solid foundation for further implementation of the rest of the model. The results include several highlighted areas, which shall be further reviewed and improved to streamline the current routines at Electrolux Laundry Systems.Kontinuerliga förbättringar av ett företags olika processer är en ständig kamp för företag som vill behålla en konkurrenskraftig position på marknaden. Det finns många olika förbättringsmetoder för att effektivisera arbetsrutiner men de olika metoderna har sällan tillräckligt fokus på administrativa processer eller anställdas motivation när det gäller förändringar. Syftet med denna uppsats har varit att utveckla en modell för att effektivisera administrativa processer, samtidigt som de anställdas motivation under förbättringsprojektens genomförande tagits i beaktande. Modellen har utvecklats teoretiskt genom litteraturstudier av olika förbättringsmetoder såsom Lean, TQM, Six Sigma, 5S, ISO 9000 och relaterade ämnen, samt även inkluderat perspektiv på förhållanden mellan kvalitet, produktion och ekonomi. Förutom aspekten av ständiga förbättringar, har teorier om Change management genomsyrat modellutvecklingen. Den utvecklade modellen för att förbättra administrativa processer avser att leda till minskade ledtider och effektiviserade informationsflöden. De första faserna i modellen har genomförts på Electrolux Laundry Systems vilka ger företaget en stabil grund för fortsatt genomförande av resten av modellen. I delresultaten finns flera identifierade områden som Electrolux Laundry Systems bör se över för att effektivisera sina nuvarande rutiner.
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Nydén, Ellinor, and Karin Samuelsson. "Varning! Ett tekniskt fel har uppstått : En undersökning kring hur turistbyråer hanterar informationsteknik." Thesis, University of Kalmar, Baltic Business School, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hik:diva-1254.
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This research is based on the observation that people in the service industry is being replaced by technology. This insight formed a foundation for the presentation of the problem this essay is based upon. We began to speculate over how tourist information bureaus handle the changes, regarding information technology, in their surroundings when their main task is to inform and communicate with their market. Information technology has created new possibilities for organizations to reach their consumers and it has influenced all kinds of industries. We decided to examine organizations in the tourism sector because it is one of the biggest and fastest growing industries in the world. The entering of information technology in the tourism industry has changed its structure and we want to examine how tourist information bureaus succeed to deal with this phenomenon.
The aim with this essay is to examine how and to what extent tourist information bureaus integrate with changes in their surroundings caused by information technology and which values that slip away/ is added by the adaption. To accomplish this we have interviewed six persons representing the tourist information bureaus in Färjestaden, Kalmar, Tranemo, Visby and Norrköping.
By applying the empirical material, which we gathered through interviews, on theory we wanted to create a deeper understanding in how an organization can handle changes in their surroundings, created by information technology.
Both the theoretical and the empirical chapter are divided into two main parts, “Information technology” and “Organizational fit”. The conclusion of the research is described in the analyze and discussion chapter.
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Brathwaite, Joy Danielle. "Value-informed space systems design and acquisition." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/43748.
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Investments in space systems are substantial, indivisible, and irreversible, characteristics that make them high-risk, especially when coupled with an uncertain demand environment. Traditional approaches to system design and acquisition, derived from a performance- or cost-centric mindset, incorporate little information about the spacecraft in relation to its environment and its value to its stakeholders. These traditional approaches, while appropriate in stable environments, are ill-suited for the current, distinctly uncertain and rapidly changing technical, and economic conditions; as such, they have to be revisited and adapted to the present context. This thesis proposes that in uncertain environments, decision-making with respect to space system design and acquisition should be value-based, or at a minimum value-informed. This research advances the value-centric paradigm by providing the theoretical basis, foundational frameworks, and supporting analytical tools for value assessment of priced and unpriced space systems.
For priced systems, stochastic models of the market environment and financial models of stakeholder preferences are developed and integrated with a spacecraft-sizing tool to assess the system's net present value. The analytical framework is applied to a case study of a communications satellite, with market, financial, and technical data obtained from the satellite operator, Intelsat. The case study investigates the implications of the value-centric versus the cost-centric design and acquisition choices. Results identify the ways in which value-optimal spacecraft design choices are contingent on both technical and market conditions, and that larger spacecraft for example, which reap economies of scale benefits, as reflected by their decreasing cost-per-transponder, are not always the best (most valuable) choices. Market conditions and technical constraints for which convergence occurs between design choices under a cost-centric and a value-centric approach are identified and discussed. In addition, an innovative approach for characterizing value uncertainty through partial moments, a technique used in finance, is adapted to an engineering context and applied to priced space systems. Partial moments disaggregate uncertainty into upside potential and downside risk, and as such, they provide the decision-maker with additional insights for value-uncertainty management in design and acquisition.
For unpriced space systems, this research first posits that their value derives from, and can be assessed through, the value of information they provide. To this effect, a Bayesian framework is created to assess system value in which the system is viewed as an information provider and the stakeholder an information recipient. Information has value to stakeholders as it changes their rational beliefs enabling them to yield higher expected pay-offs. Based on this marginal increase in expected pay-offs, a new metric, Value-of-Design (VoD), is introduced to quantify the unpriced system's value. The Bayesian framework is applied to the case of an Earth Science satellite that provides hurricane information to oil rig operators using nested Monte Carlo modeling and simulation. Probability models of stakeholders' beliefs, and economic models of pay-offs are developed and integrated with a spacecraft payload generation tool. The case study investigates the information value generated by each payload, with results pointing to clusters of payload instruments that yielded higher information value, and minimum information thresholds below which it is difficult to justify the acquisition of the system. In addition, an analytical decision tool, probabilistic Pareto fronts, is developed in the Cost-VoD trade space to provide the decision-maker with additional insights into the coupling of a system's probable value generation and its associated cost risk.
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Chae, Ho-Chang. "The Impact of IT Capability on Employee Capability, Customer Value, Customer Satisfaction, and Business Performance." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2009. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc12094/.
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This study empirically examines the impact of IT capability on firms' performance and evaluates whether firms' IT capabilities play a role in improving employee capability, customer value, customer satisfaction, and ultimately business performance. The results were based on comparing the business performance of the IT leader companies with that of control companies of similar size and industry. The IT leader companies were selected from the Information Week 500 list published annually from 2001 to 2004. For a company to be selected as IT leaders, it needed to be listed at least twice during the period. Furthermore, it had to be listed in the American Customer Satisfaction Index (ACSI) so that its customer satisfaction level could be assessed. Standard & Poor's Compustat and the ACSI scores were used to test for changes in business performance. The study found that the IT leaders had a raw material cost measured by cost-of-goods-sold to sales ratio (COGS/S) than the control companies. However, it found no evidence that firms' IT capability affects employee capability, customer value, customer satisfaction, and profit. An important implication from this study is that IT becomes a commodity and an attempt to gain a competitive advantage by overinvesting in IT may be futile.
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Ehsan, Ghaffari. "Conditioning the Supply Chain in a Fast Moving Consumer Goods Business : Using value stream mapping to visualise, condition, manage information and product flow in Oriflame." Thesis, KTH, Industriell produktion, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-50390.
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Oriflame, since it was founded in Sweden in 1967 has become a major player in the cosmetics industry. The impressive annual growth of 17% that Oriflame has had in the last 17 years requires evidently a lot from the supply processes. It has been shown that the current set‐up and the countermeasures at hand do not provide a sustainable business model i.e. having a balance between service level and inventory level. The purpose of this thesis is to propose to Oriflame actions that need to be taken to manage their supply issues. This is to be achieved by recommending a process and appropriate tools for reviewing and conditioning the supply chain. As Oriflame is striving to become the number one direct selling beauty company, is there anything that can be learned from the Toyota Production System (TPS) philosophy to become a leaner enterprise? During recent years more and more companies have seen the benefits of Lean Thinking mostly through the success of Toyota. The concept of a lean enterprise has become a journey to ensure reduction of waste, cost, lead‐time and at the same time increasing efficiency and value added activities.The path to lean can be divided in five different steps: define value, the value stream, create flow, pull and perfection. The value for Oriflame is motivation of its sales consultants but little is known about constraints in the value stream which is the second step towards lean. To be able to propose and develop a process and appropriate tools for reviewing and conditioning the Supply chain three case studies have been completed and evaluated. These cases show that Oriflame, apart from poor forecasting, slow information and product flow also have to deal with a range of constraints in the value stream. Demand fluctuations combined with limited capacity, long lead‐times and high minimum order quantities cause shortages, excess and result in the bullwhip effect. Inherited supply chain processes have been proven redundant due to current business growth and complexity. In order to ensure that the right product is at the right place at the right time it is crucial that knowledge exists of how the value stream looks for the products offered in each catalogue. By creating value stream maps to visualise the value stream Oriflame will be able to be proactive interms of eliminating waste and foresee potential issues. By improving the information flow and reducing batch sizes and thereby reducing cycle time Oriflamewill take a major step towards achieving its targets of reduced inventory and increased service levels. Improved information flow could be a more frequent planning cycle or establishment of partnerships with suppliers. Oriflame has to start understanding, conditioning and controlling the supply chain. To understand the complexity of the supply chain for a specific product or range, value stream maps have to be created to visualise the actions, steps, processes that in the end result in finish goods delivered to end customer. Although Oriflame have a long way to go before being considered lean and flexible, it has to its advantage exceptional people that work according to the company philosophy. There are also clear company values and operating principles. All these factors are in line with the Toyota operating principles and the most important operating principle is to create a learning organisation that reflects and improves continuously. In this sense Oriflame has already come a long way.
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Poizat, Axelle. "Freins et leviers à une réduction d’utilisation des antibiotiques en élevage bovin liés à l’organisation économique des filières, aux systèmes d’exploitation et au conseil." Thesis, Nantes, Ecole nationale vétérinaire, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018ONIR109F/document.
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Réduire les usages d’antibiotiques est un des leviers principaux pour contrer l’avancée de l’antibiorésistance qui menace l’efficacité du traitement des maladies bactériennes humaines et animales. En filières bovin laitier et jeunes bovins de boucherie, deux maladies de production sont responsables des principaux usages d’antibiotiques, respectivement les mammites et les maladies respiratoires. L’objectif de la thèse a été d’identifier auprès des acteurs des filières des verrous limitant l’amélioration des pratiques la diminution de l’utilisation d’antibiotiques, puis d’identifier des leviers d’action. En élevage de jeunes bovins de boucherie, des entretiens auprès d’acteurs de la filière (éleveurs et responsables) et des enquêtes auprès d’éleveurs ont permis d’identifier que l’organisation de la filière est un des principaux verrous. Cependant, les caractéristiques des systèmes d’exploitations et les compétences des éleveurs constituaient également une potentielle limite. En élevage bovin laitier, des entretiens ont permis de montrer que les perceptions et connaissances des éleveurs semblaient être un des freins majeurs à l’amélioration des pratiques, le système d’exploitation semblant intervenir à la marge. En élevage bovin allaitant, des leviers permettant d’améliorer la coordination entre les acteurs de la chaîne de valeur ont été identifiés. En élevage laitier, un programme innovant de formation et de conseil a été évalué dans le cadre d’une étude d’intervention, montrant une amélioration des connaissances et perceptions des éleveurs sur la prévention et l’utilisation des antibiotiquesReducing antibiotic use is one of the main levers to limit the increase of antimicrobial resistance, which threatens the effectiveness of the treatments of human and animal bacterial diseases. In dairy and young beef bull sectors, antibiotics are mainly used to control two production diseases, respectively mastitis and bovine respiratory diseases (BRD). The objective of the thesis was to identify with sectors’ stakeholders’ limitations for the improvement of antibiotic use practices, then to identify levers of action. In the young beef bulls’ sector, interviews with stakeholders and farmers showed that the organization of the value chain, because of its potential influence on BRD risk factors, was one of the main limitation identified. However, the characteristics of farming systems and farmers’ skills were also a potential limitation. In the dairy sector, interviews have shown that farmers’ perceptions and knowledge seemed to be one of the major limitation to the improvement of the practices. The farming system seemed to have only limited influence. In young beef bulls sector, levers to improve coordination between stakeholders in the value chain have been identified. In dairy farming, an innovative training and advising program was evaluated as part of an intervention study, showing an improvement in the knowledge and perceptions of farmers regarding prevention measures and antibiotic use
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Shuttleworth, Christina Cornelia. "Towards a financial literacy model as a coordinating interface between financial information and decision makers." Thesis, Pretoria : [s.n.], 2009. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-09262009-093743/.
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Baskan, Fevzi. "Analysis Of Serial Inventory Systems Under Nonstationary Demand." Master's thesis, METU, 2004. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12605584/index.pdf.
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In this study we consider a two-echelon supply chain with a nonstationary demand process. The retailer batches the customer demand for a predetermined number of periods before placing an order to the supplier. We show that the demand process for the supplier is more variable than that for the retailer. It is observed that the supplier can reduce the variability of orders by tracking the exogenous demand occurring at the retailer's side.
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Kelling, Ingrid. "Knowledge is power? : a market orientation approach to the global value chain analysis of aquaculture : two cases linking Southeast Asia and the EU." Thesis, University of Stirling, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/12941.
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This thesis adds the market orientation approach to a global value chain analysis of four farmed seafood value chains from two Asian countries to the EU. The overall aim of the research is to critically evaluate whether, and to what extent, access to market information is the key to unlocking the potential of developing countries to create greater value: whether knowledge is power. The objectives of the thesis are therefore to explore the process of generating market information in seafood value chains from Asia to the EU; understand under what conditions market information is, is not or is only partially disseminated; and, evaluate the role of market information in responses by chain agents that create value. In order to achieve these objectives, fieldwork was conducted along the length of shrimp (Penaeus monodon) and prawn (Macrobrachium rosenbergii) from Bangladesh, and shrimp (Penaeus vannamei) and tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) from Thailand to the EU. The EU is the world’s largest single market for imported fish and fishery products. France, Germany and the UK were selected for fieldwork as they are primary importers of the species from the selected countries. The research found that although increased knowledge is necessary, it is not a sufficient condition for increased value creation. Instead, the research advances existing understanding of seafood value chains by revealing that successful integration of developing country producers into global markets is partly dependent on governance and industry development in the exporting country. Weaknesses in these structures and relationships undermine supplier power by reducing access to market information, lessening incentives for sharing information, and restricting response capabilities. A number of methods for overcoming these constraints were found in the chains examined, focusing on direct links between market and value chain agents. Importantly, the research found that integration is also dependent on the willingness of those with a market presence in importing countries to share knowledge and power. Critically, the research has led to the conclusion that the possession of market information is one way for value chain agents, particularly those downstream, to guard knowledge and power for themselves. A better understanding of seafood markets and an improved analysis of aquaculture value chains from Asian countries to the EU revealed through the research will facilitate public and private responses that focus on the competitive advantage of the whole chain as a means to more sustainable development. This may well promote new chain configurations that place a premium on stronger and more collaborative linkages, increasing coordination between weak and strong suppliers and contribute to private sector development assistance. Only when knowledge is shared and suppliers gain power, will the market orientation of seafood value chains be improved, if not optimised.
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Antoh, Robert. "An Analysis of the Value Propositions for Integrated 4D BIM-GIS Adoption for Construction supply Chain Management : Assessing Digital Transformation in the Swedish AEC Industry." Thesis, KTH, Fastigheter och byggande, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-297902.
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Logistics and supply chain in the Architecture, Engineering and Construction (AEC) industry can be seen as coordinated collaboration that is subject to managerial risks. The managerial risks are mitigated by Building Information Modelling (BIM) and Geo-Information Science (GIS), which are two distinctive digital transformative tools which are revolutionizing and accelerating the AEC industry in recent years. Many gains have been achieved concerning the capacity of BIM and GIS to enable collaborative workflows that minimize data loss and reduce inefficiencies in construction. In the past decade, most scholarly literature on BIM and GIS integration for supply chain management have focused on coordination and visualization to improve supply chain operational efficiency. While BIM optimizes visualization and manages the data related to specific projects, GIS coordinates and manages the data related to the outside environment of the project. An integrated BIM-GIS adoption for Construction Supply Chain Management (CSCM) offers value propositions for client and contracting organizations as information/data is seamlessly shared among them to guide decision making at every phase of the construction project. However, no detailed study has been conducted so far on assessments of the value creation 4D BIM-GIS brings to the AEC industry when espoused for CSCM. To fill this gap, this paper aims to identify and prioritize the value propositions to 4D BIM-GIS adoption for CSCM in the Swedish AEC industry. Based on the reflective perceptions and evaluations of the AEC industry, the paper demonstrated the varied opinions from current active users and those who are yet to adopt 4D BIM-GIS for CSCM. ‘Time savings, ‘Increased efficiency and productivity and ‘Improved communication and information sharing’ were ranked as topmost drivers for 4D BIM-GIS adoption. The paper recommends corporate level training as pivotal in familiarizing workers with the new techniques that combine BIM and GIS in AEC practice.Logistik och försörjningskedjan inom arkitektur, teknik och konstruktion (ABE) kan ses som ett samordnat samarbete med överhängande ledningsrisker. Riskerna som hanteras kan mildras av Byggnadsinformationsmodellering (BIM) och Geografiskt informationssystem (GIS), som är två digitalt distinkta transformativa verktyg som revolutionerat och påskyndat ABE-sektorn de senaste åren. Många vinster har uppnåtts med avseende på kapaciteten av BIM och GIS, vilket har möjliggjort ett samarbetsflöde som minimerat dataförlust och minskat ineffektiviteten i byggandet. Under det senaste decenniet har den mest vetenskapliga litteraturen om BIM- och GIS-integration för ledning av försörjningskedjan fokuserat på samordning och visualisering för att förbättra effektiviteten i försörjningskedjan. BIM optimerar visualisering och hantering av data, relaterat till specifika projekt, medan GIS samordnar och hanterar data relaterat till projektets omgivning. En integrerad BIM-GIS-antagande för konstruktionsledningen av försörjningskedjan (CSCM) erbjuder värdeförslag för klient- och beställarorganisationer, eftersom information / data sömlöst delas mellan dem för att kunna guida beslutsfattandet i varje fas av byggprojektet. Emellertid har ingen detaljerad studie hittills genomförts om bedömningar av värdeskapandet som 4D BIM-GIS ger till ABE-sektorn när de används för CSCM. För att fylla denna kunskapslucka syftar denna studie till att identifiera och prioritera värdeförslag till 4D BIM-GIS-antagande för CSCM i den svenska ABE-sektorn. Baserat på de reflekterande uppfattningarna och utvärderingarna från ABE-sektorn, visar studien de olika åsikterna från de nuvarande aktiva användare och de som ännu inte har antagit 4D BIM-GIS för CSCM. ”Tidsbesparingar,” Ökad effektivitet och produktivitet” och ”Förbättrad kommunikation och informationsdelning” rankades som de främsta drivkrafterna för 4D BIM-GIS-antagande. Studien rekommenderar utbildning på företagsnivå som en central faktor för att bekanta sig med de nya teknikerna som kombinerar BIM och GIS i ABE-sektorn.
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Gowland, Darren. "Performance measurement in the product development process." Thesis, University of Hertfordshire, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2299/16519.
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The intention of the programme was to evaluate Product Development (PD) strategies within the automotive industry and to identify areas in which improvements could be made in PD project performance that would also provide a business opportunity for the author's employer RLE International (RLE). The research is principally concerned with the automotive industry but also has broader applications within similar industries. The research was undertaken via three projects. Project 1 involved a study of the structure, drivers and trends within the automotive industry. The aim was to assess the implications for PD in the automotive industry and identify significant issues where opportunities for improvement existed. The outcome was a portrayal of an industry under extreme competitive pressure and waiting for something to change but without a clear future state. What was apparent was that the competitive pressures, and thus the need to deliver more products without significantly increased resources, were not going to abate in the near future. PD has to 'deliver more with less' but a definition of success and its associated measures in terms of the PD process is difficult to frame. Therefore, the aim of project 2 focused on performance measurement of the PD process by assessing four internationally diverse development projects carried out by the author's employer with four discrete customers. The projects were all different in their content and were carried out in different countries, i.e. USA, Germany, India and Sweden. Whilst customer specific and cultural aspects of the projects differed, the significant issue identified via the research was common across all the projects. Traditional Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) of cost, time and scope were used but failed to predict issues in project delivery. The key finding was that if project information did not flow as originally planned then resources were wasted resulting in time and cost over-runs. Project 3 researched alternative solutions to the issue of monitoring information flow and proposes a specific method of indicating the likelihood of success in a project by identifying new PD measurement techniques to be used within the automotive PD process. This new measurement criterion of information flow provides a predictive tool that significantly enhances the project control process. The predictive method of information flow tracking developed is new to the automotive PD profession. It was trialled on an existing project and was shown to identify specific issues with the Work-in-Progress (WIP) not found by traditional project management methods. The resulting indication of issues enabled the organisation's management to have a substantially different insight and understanding of project performance at a given point in time and therefore enabled immediate changes in resource allocation to improve project performance. The implementation of these changes as a result of the adoption of information flow monitoring resulted in significantly improved project KPI performance. The contribution of this new PD management method has the potential to significantly impact the competitiveness of any company involved in the design and development process. Its benefits include improved understanding of project performance indicators, powerful predictive attributes resulting in better utilisation of company resources and reductions in both project costs and lead times.
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Magnusson, David, and Johan Marengård. "Intraorganizational Harmonization of Logistical IT-tools A Case Study at Siemens Medical Solutions to Attain Synergies in Supply Chain Processes." Thesis, Linköping University, Department of Management and Economics, 2004. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-2611.
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Through a harmonization of IT-tools among intraorganizational units synergies can be attained through economies of scale and homogenous interfaces towards supply chain partners. In this thesis the possibilities for such synergies at Siemens Medical Solutions in Germany are investigated. By evaluating performance of IT-tools and the cost impact of different scenarios recommendations for harmonization at Siemens Medical Solutions are given.
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Germano, Edson Carlos. "Modelos de negócios adotados para o uso de dados governamentais abertos: estudo exploratório de prestadores de serviços na cadeia de valor dos dados governamentais abertos." Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/12/12139/tde-10012014-155226/.
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A presente investigação tem como objetivo identificar tipos de usos que podem ser agregados aos dados governamentais abertos por prestadores de serviço, para oferecer produtos e serviços através de aplicativos para smartphones ou através de páginas web. O foco desta pesquisa buscou explorar modelos de negócios que utilizam bases de DGA, as quais devem estar organizadas em sítios, com objetivos de dar transparência, podendo ainda utilizar bases de dados construídas a partir da captura de dados públicos e de dados pessoais. Os modelos de negócio em questão têm como objetivo reorganizar e combinar esses dados de forma que produzam um produto ou serviço que crie valor para o cliente do modelo de negócio. Foi realizado um estudo explorado para identificar qual a participação desses prestadores de serviços na cadeia de valor dos dados abertos, como estão sendo estruturados os modelos de negócio que suportam o funcionamento dessas ferramentas e quais as dificuldades que esses prestadores de serviço têm encontrado no acesso as bases de dados governamentais, que possam ser utilizadas como fonte de dados para produzir informação com valor agregado. Neste estudo estão apresentados sete casos que foram elaborados através de entrevistas semiestruturadas, realizadas com auxilio do software Skype, quando a distância geográfica impossibilitou a entrevista presencial. Os casos foram então submetidos à análise de conteúdo, através da codificação aberta onde, buscou-se identificar fenômenos ou características que poderiam ser replicadas e encontradas em novos casos. Elaborou-se, para cada caso, uma proposta de interpretação do modelo de negócio adotada com a representação gráfica da ferramenta Canvas Também foram analisados o posicionamento de cada caso na cadeia de valor dos DGA e as bases de dados utilizadas.The following research aims to identify types of uses that can be aggregated to open government data by service providers, to offer products and services using smartphone applications or web pages. The main focus of this research was to explore business models that use DGA databases, which are organized in sites aiming to give transparency, and to optionally use databases built from the capture of public and personal data. These business models intend to reorganize and combine these data in order to produce a product or service that create value to the business models\'s client. A research has been made to identify what is the participation of these service providers in the open data value chain, how are structured the business models that support these tools and what are the problems that these service providers have been found trying to access government databases that can be used as data sources to produce value aggregated information. In this study, seven cases are presented , which were developed using semistructured interviews, carried out using Skype software when the physical distance made it impossible to make a face interview. The cases were subjected to content analysis through open source coding , in order to identify phenomena or characteristics that could be found or replicated in new cases. For each case, a business model interpretation proposal using Canvas tool has been made, together with the position of each case in the DGA value chain and in the used databases.
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Albano, Cláudio Sonaglio. "Dados governamentais abertos: proposta de um modelo de produção e utilização de informações sob a ótica conceitual da cadeia de valor." Universidade de São Paulo, 2014. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/12/12139/tde-03062014-170642/.
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Dados governamentais abertos é resultado, de uma série de novas exigências da sociedade para com seus governos. Entre estas exigências pode-se citar a busca por uma maior transparência e participação na gestão dos recursos públicos, maior controle sobre a qualidade dos serviços prestados, além de uma maior responsabilização por parte de seus gestores sobre a utilização destes recursos. Os governos para tentar atender a estas exigências fazem uso dos recursos da tecnologia de informação e comunicação, assim surge à possibilidade da disponibilização de dados em formato aberto, que tem como premissas básicas a transparência, colaboração e inovação. O tema dados governamentais abertos assume grande importância, pois aproximadamente uma centena de países desenvolve iniciativas neste sentido. De forma paralela a este fato, gestores públicos enfrentam desafios na implementação de projetos de dados governamentais abertos, pois este requer múltiplas interações entre governos e sociedade e ainda não existe um entendimento disponível em guias, ferramentas ou teorias para lidar com a abertura de dados no setor público.Este trabalho teve como objetivo principal propor um modelo genérico de produção e utilização de informações sob a ótica conceitual da cadeia de valor; o modelo visa atender as necessidades do ecossistema brasileiro de dados governamentais abertos. A coleta de dados foi realizada através de entrevistas com membros de governos e da sociedade. Os resultados apontam que possíveis vantagens são visualizadas por membros de governos e da sociedade pela atuação em dados governamentais abertos. Os resultados confirmam a existência e necessidade da formação de redes entre governos e sociedades, bem como a importância de diversos atores da sociedade que atuam neste ecossistema, como fatores facilitadores ou motivadores para a realização de diversas atividades. Existem diversas barreiras ou fatores inibidores, em especial com questões relacionadas a legislação e qualidade da informação disponibilizada. O modelo proposto aponta atores e respectivas atividades, bem como quais fatores podem prover sustentabilidade ao desempenho das mesmas e indica como determinada atividade impacta as demais. De forma coerente as premissas da cadeia de valor, o modelo proposto contém atividades primárias e secundárias.Open Government Data is the result of new demands from society towards their governments. Among these demands can cite search for greater transparency and participation in the management of public resources, greater control over the quality of services, and greater accountability on the part of its managers on the use of these resources.Governments to try to meet these demands make use resources of information technology and communications and the possibility arises of providing data in open format. Open Government Datahas the basic premises transparency, collaboration and innovation. The theme is of great importance because approximately one hundred countries are developing initiatives in this sense.Parallel to this fact, public managers has challenges in implementing initiatives of Open Government Data. This requires several interactions between governments and society and there is still no understanding available in guides, toolsor theories to deal with the opening of data in the public sector.This work aimed to propose a generic model of production and use of information in the conceptual view of the value chain. The model aims to meet the needs of the Brazilian ecosystem Open Government Data collection was conducted from interviews with government members and society.The results indicate that members from government and society realize benefits by acting in Open Government Data.The results confirm the existence and or need for networking among governments and societies.Actors from society that act as factors that facilitate or motivate for performing various activities by others actors.There are several barriers, specially with legal factors and information quality.The model indicates actors and their activities, and what factors can provide sustainability to the same performance and indicates how a particular activity impacts the others. Consistently the assumptions of the value chain, the model contains primary and secondary activities.
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Almåsen, Patrik. "Elektronisk handel : med fokusering på värdekedjan." Thesis, University of Skövde, Department of Computer Science, 1999. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:his:diva-345.
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På bara ett par år har elektronisk handel potential att radikalt förändra de ekonomiska och sociala förhållanden i samhället. Internets snabba tillväxt kopplar samman individer och organisationer till ett stort globalt nätverk som representerar enorma möjligheter. Det talas om ett nätverkssamhälle och en nätverksekonomi.
Elektronisk handel driver företag mot att bedriva affärer på ett fundamentalt nytt sätt. Behovet av att dela information i realtid ökar tillsammans med förändringarna i värdekedjan.
Syftet med studien är att kartlägga elektronisk handel i allmänhet. Studien fokuseras på hur elektronisk handel används för att länka samman företag, stora som små, från råmaterial till konsumenten. Arbetet belyser hinder och krav i samband med elektronisk handel och det sätt de hanteras på.
Företagen i undersökningen visar ingen tydlig strävan mot att uppnå en totalt integrerad värdekedja. Grundliga affärsprocesser flyttas mot Internet för att utnyttja nätverkets fördelar. Främst används EDI och online-tjänster som Internetbutiker för elektronisk handel.
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Leppälampi, Erik, and Andreas Krantz. "Värdekedjeanalys av returflöden på Scania : Fallstudie på marknaderna i Sverige, Tyskland och Benelux." Thesis, Linköping University, Department of Management and Engineering, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-15547.
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Today Scania give a high priority to the continuous improvements on the quality of their vehicles. To follow up the flaws in product quality, which are recognized by the repairs at the local workshops, material requests are carried through to be able to analyze the defects at the plant in Södertälje – in purpose to improve the product quality. The material requests are also carried through to compensate the workshop for their expenses and to check that they are working according to the company’s warranty manual.
Due to local routines and different distribution structures at the different markets the lead times and the costs caused by the flow of material are hard to estimate. Furthermore the lead times are in many cases unjustified long, which imply that the information about quality problems reaches Scania at a late stage. The variations in lead times moreover results in problems with planning the activities.
This study has, in the light of the background described above, aimed to map and analyze the lead times and costs which are caused by the flow of warranty material, from the company’s workshops to the plant in Södertälje. Based on the results of the analysis a range of alternative solutions also have been prepared in purpose to reduce the lead times in a cost efficient way.
The mapping, which took place on the Swedish, German and Benelux markets, has mainly been carried out through visits at the workshops and the distributors at respective markets. Apart from the qualitative aspects in collected data the performance of the studied markets, in the form of costs and lead times, has been compiled and calculated. The observed characteristics were later on analyzed together with relevant logistics management theory to point out strengths and weaknesses with different solutions.
Based on the mapping and the analysis the second part of the study could be completed, which aimed to formulate a range of recommendations. The recommendations, which are presented below, are principally formulated in correspondence with the priorities of Scania – namely to achieve high product quality and rapid information.
- Improved and more concrete management at factory level. This can be achieved through clarified targets which include explicit measurements and directives towards all actors.
- Reduce the waiting time between activities. This can be achieved by a combination of incentives and demands on the distributors as well as on the workshops.
- Change the transport strategies. On the Benelux market the transport solutions are well designed and are therefore both cost effective and quite fast, which implies short lead times. On the Swedish market a consolidation of goods is proposed to decrease the delivery rate in Södertälje to just once a week. On the German market merged deliveries are proposed, the same transport that delivers spare parts to the workshop will through this recommendation also pick up the warranty material. The warranty material will in this solution also be merged in a collection point and thereafter be transported to the distributor once a week.
- Change the transport frequencies. The different markets will send in material on predefined days once a week, which will contribute to keep the lead times short and the quantities at a more manageable level.
- Even out the inflow of material to Södertälje and avoid handling in Building 220X, to reduce the problems with stress, mishandling and lack of recourses which occur because of the uneven inflow at the receiving area today. Clear information should in according to this be given to each market concerning for instance shipping date and quantities.
- Improve the integration of the information systems, to facilitate the spreading of information and administrative activities related to claims and material requests. This also implies that forecasting and management is facilitated.
Through the recommendations the lead time for the Swedish market is estimated to be reduced from 21 to 13 days, for the German market from 60 to 21 days and from 39 to 21 days for the Benelux-market. Apart from reduced lead times the more straight demands, incentives and improved routines will imply that the variations in lead times are reduced.
Due to the changes according to the recommendations the costs will be reduced, both through the reduced lead times, which affect the capital costs, as well as more efficient structures that reduce the handling costs and the costs of transportation.
Scania lägger idag ner stor energi på att ständigt utveckla kvaliteten på de tillverkade fordonen. I avsikt att följa upp de kvalitetsbrister som uppdagas vid reparationer ute på företagets serviceverkstäder genomförs materialhemtagningar för att centralt kunna analysera defekterna och utveckla kvaliteten, men också för att ersätta verkstädernas utlägg och kontrollera att de följer garantimanualens föreskrifter.
Beroende på lokala rutiner och varierande upplägg av respektive marknads distributionsstruktur är de ledtider och kostnader som dessa materialflöden idag medför svåra att uppskatta. Ledtiderna är dessutom i många fall omotiverat långa vilket medför att informationen om kvalitetsbrister ankommer Scania sent. Dessutom medför variationerna i ledtiden att det blir svårt att planera verksamheten.
Denna studie har utifrån ovanstående bakgrund avsett att kartlägga och analysera de ledtider och kostnader som uppstår i materialflödet av returmaterial, från Scanias serviceverkstäder via distributören till fabriken i Södertälje. Utifrån analysresultaten har alternativa lösningar utarbetats för att på ett kostnadseffektivt sätt reducera ledtiderna.
Kartläggningen som skedde på marknaderna i Sverige, Tyskland och Benelux har huvudsakligen genomförts via besök hos distributörer och serviceverkstäder på respektive marknad och har sammanställts i ett empiriunderlag. Förutom de mer kvalitativa aspekterna i detta underlag har respektive marknads prestanda, i form av kostnader och ledtider, sammanställts och beräknats. De observerade egenskaperna på de studerade marknaderna kunde tillsammans med relevant teori analyseras för att påvisa styrkor och svagheter med olika upplägg och lösningar.
Utifrån kartläggning och analys kunde studiens andra del fullbordas, vilken avsåg att ta fram rekommendationer för åtgärder som medförde ett kostnadseffektivare upplägg och samtidigt reducerade ledtider. Rekommendationerna som nedan presenteras har utgått från de prioriteringar som gjordes i analysen, vilka huvudsakligen utgår från Scanias strävan efter hög produktkvalitet och snabb information, vilket indirekt implicerar korta ledtider.
- Förbättrad styrning/mätning från fabrik, genom formulering av tydliga målsättningar från fabrik centralt, vilket omfattar definiering av explicita mätpunkter och kommunikation av tydliga krav och incitament gentemot övriga aktörer.
- Minska väntetiden mellan aktiviteterna, genom att införa krav och/eller incitament, enligt resonemanget ovan, gentemot serviceverkstäder och distributörer. Detta ökar prioriteten samtidigt som utformandet av bättre rutiner stimuleras.
- Förändra flödesvägar och transportstrategier. För Benelux-marknaden bedöms de befintliga transportstrategierna fungera bra då de är både kostnadseffektiva och samtidigt medför korta ledtider. På den svenska marknaden kan efter analys konstateras att dagens lösning är ett fullgott alternativ, men för att undvika de ojämna inleveranserna rekommenderas att en konsolidering av godset genomförs för vidare inleverans en gång per vecka. För den tyska marknaden föreslås samleveranser, så kallade mjölkrundor, i samband med reservdelsleveranserna som levererar godset till ett antal uppsamlingsplatser. Från uppsamlingsplatserna bör godset skickas till distributören som efter besiktning levererar godset vidare till Södertälje.
- Förändra transportfrekvenserna, in till fabrik till en gång per vecka för samtliga marknader för att samla ihop hanterbara mängder från marknaden och samtidigt hålla ledtiden nere.
- Jämna ut inflödet till Södertälje och undvik hantering i byggnad 220X, för att minska problemen med stress, felhantering och resursbrist som uppstår i och med dagens ojämna flöde vid ankomstmottagningen i byggnad 280. Tydliga besked bör här ges till respektive marknad om exempelvis vilka avskeppningsdatum och vilken information som efterfrågas.
- Förbättra systemstödet, för att underlätta informationsspridning och administrativa aktiviteter relaterade till reklamationer och materialhemtagningar, vilket också innebär att endast önskat material tas hem och prognostisering och styrning underlättas.
Genom de föreslagna åtgärderna har ledtiderna för Sverige beräknats minska från 21 till 13 dagar, för Tyskland från 60 till 21 dagar och för Benelux från 39 till 21 dagar. Förutom kortare ledtider innebär tydligare krav och incitament tillsammans med förbättrade rutiner att variationerna i ledtiderna minskar.
Baserat på de utarbetade rekommendationerna minskar också kostnaderna både genom minskade ledtider, vilket påverkar lagerföringskostnaderna, och genom effektivare upplägg som minskar lagerhållningskostnaderna och transportkostnaderna.
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Sachs, Paulo Fernando Tardelli. "Cadeia de valor mineral e tecnologia da informação: alinhamento estratégico como gerador de eficácia em empresas de mineração." Universidade de São Paulo, 2009. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/3/3134/tde-11082010-154822/.
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A aplicação da Tecnologia da Informação na Mineração teve início na década de 50, de forma similar a outros segmentos de indústria. Já os aplicativos específicos para a atividade fim da indústria mineral surgiram nos anos 60 com os primeiros sistemas de planejamento de lavra. A partir daí a Tecnologia da Informação se popularizou e expandiu, passando a atender às mais diversas áreas funcionais das mineradoras, porém ainda mantendo uma clara divisão entre sistemas administrativo-financeiros e sistemas técnicos. No início dos anos 90 surgiram os sistemas integrados Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP), que prometiam abranger todas as atividades de negócios das empresas, tendo desde então um crescimento impressionante. Entretanto, no auge da expansão desses sistemas, já no fim do milênio, esses projetos passaram a ser questionados quanto à sua efetiva contribuição ao aumento da eficiência, eficácia e competitividade das empresas. Diversos autores pesquisaram as consequências decorrentes desses projetos, mas como os sistemas ERP foram originalmente idealizados para substituir os antigos sistemas MRP e MRP II, a maioria deles atuando no segmento de manufatura discreta, pouca pesquisa foi desenvolvida com foco na mineração. A indústria de mineração apresenta diversas características bastante peculiares, difíceis de serem atendidas pelas funcionalidades de um sistema integrado padrão como o ERP, mas da mesma forma pouca pesquisa foi dedicada aos requisitos específicos desse segmento. O objetivo dessa tese é identificar como os sistemas ERP gerenciam as áreas funcionais da mineração e como atendem ou não aos requisitos de TI da cadeia de valor mineral. A pesquisa busca ainda identificar se a estratégia da TI está ou não alinhada à estratégia corporativa em empresas de mineração. Os resultados do estudo de caso indicaram que, ainda que tenha havido benefícios mais voltados ao aumento da eficiência nas mineradoras, ainda há considerável espaço para que a utilização de sistemas integrados possa aumentar a eficácia e competitividade das corporações.The usage of Information Technology applications in Mining started in the 1950s, similarly with other industry segments. Core-business mining specific applications, mine planning computerized systems, started to be developed in the 60s. Since then, IT has expanded and has been in widespread use across mining organizations, addressing most functional areas, but still keeping a clear boundary between corporate and technical systems. The first generation of Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) integrated systems appeared in the early 90s, promising to cover and link all areas throughout the organizations, and since then achieving impressive market growth rates. However, while reaching the peak at the end of the millennium, these projects started to be questioned regarding their actual contribution to the companies efficiency, effectiveness and competitiveness growth. Several authors researched the consequences of these projects, but as ERP systems were originally designed to replace old MRP and MRP II systems, most of them in the discrete manufacturing industry, mining-focused studies have been very limited. Mining industry presents several peculiar characteristics that are difficult to be addressed by the functionalities of a standard ERP integrated system, but also very limited research has been dedicated to this subject. The objective of this thesis is to identify how ERP systems manage the mining industry functional areas and how they fit or not the mineral value chain requirements. This study also aims to identify if the IT strategy is aligned with the corporate strategy in mining companies. The results of this case study indicate that, despite identifying several benefits contributing predominantly to increase the efficiency in mining companies, there is still considerable space to augment corporate effectiveness and competitiveness through the usage of integrated systems in these organizations.
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Boxler, Oliver Rudolf. "Value Chain versus Value Constellation - Wertschöpfung mit der Unterstützung von Informations- und Kommunikationstechnologien in interorganisationalen Geschäftsprozessen." Zürich, 2000. http://e-collection.ethbib.ethz.ch/show?type=diss&nr=13574.
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Silva, Natalia Gomes da. "Trabalhadores do conhecimento: estudo sobre possibilidades de inserção de profissionais qualificados em atividades intensivas em conhecimento na indústria de software." Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos, 2013. http://www.repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/4372.
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Este trabalho investiga a inserção de profissionais qualificados para o setor de TI em posições avançadas da cadeia de valor desse setor, no contexto brasileiro. Interroga sobre a relação entre qualificação em nível superior e atuação em posições avançadas da referida cadeia de valor. O referencial teórico está alicerçado em dois eixos principais: estudos sobre a cadeia de valor de serviços em TI e estudos sobre trabalho do conhecimento. Os pressupostos desta pesquisa são: a) Instituições de Ensino Superior como atores-chave na produção de valor econômico na "Era da Informação"; b) necessidade de desenvolvimento de novas capacidades para a gestão de profissionais na "Era da Informação"; e c) trabalho do conhecimento como um conjunto de atividades que envolvam características como autonomia, criatividade, resolução de problemas, e que possibilitam mobilidade profissional e autogestão da carreira. Esses pressupostos sustentam as duas proposições centrais deste estudo: p1) quanto mais qualificado o trabalhador de TI, maior a possibilidade de ele se inserir em níveis mais avançados da cadeia de valor de TI; e, p2) trabalhadores que ocuparem os níveis mais elevados da cadeia de valor de TI desempenharão atividades com conteúdo mais próximo ao trabalho do conhecimento. A metodologia empregada foi estudo de campo, com realização de entrevistas semi-estruturadas, com professores e egressos de cursos de Ciência da Computação. Constatou-se que os egressos entrevistados ocupam posições nos níveis iniciais da cadeia de valor de software, entretanto, desempenham atividades com características do trabalho do conhecimento. Também se observou que a alta demanda por profissionais na indústria de TI, estimulada pelo mercado interno, produz um contexto de trabalho diversificado, em que a formação em educação superior é pouco valorizada, sendo priorizados a experiência e outros atributos comportamentais, associados a capacidades como aprendizagem contínua, orientação a resultados, visão sistêmica, habilidades de comunicação e negociação, entre outros. Verificou-se que a formação em ensino superior favorece essas competências, além de possibilitar a inserção fora do Brasil, prover maior estabilidade e dar acesso a melhores oportunidades profissionais.
This study starts with unsystematic field observations which suggesting that highly skilled professionals in this sector are often not placed in valued insertion positions in this industry’s value chain. This study investigates the high skilled professionals’ insertion in advanced positions of the IT industry value chain, in Brazilian context, interrogating about the relationship between higher education qualification and performance in advanced positions of value chain’s IT industry. The theoretical framework is grounded on two main axes: studies on IT services’ value chain and studies on knowledge work. The assumptions of this research are: a) Higher Education Institutions as key actors in the production of economic value in the "Information Age"; b) the need to develop new capabilities to managing professionals in the "Information Age", and c) knowledge work as a set of activities involving features such as autonomy, creativity, problem solving, and that enable mobility and self-management career. These assumptions underpin the two central study’s propositions: p1) the more skilled IT worker, the more likely it is to enter into higher levels of the IT value chain; and p2) workers who occupy the higher levels of the IT value chain play activities with content closer to knowledge work. The methodology used was a field study with conducting semi-structured interviews with professors and students who graduated from Computer Science. Based on the data, it was found that the interviewed graduates are occuping positions in the initial levels of software value chain, however, they are playing activities with characteristics of knowledge work. It was also observed that the high demand for professionals in the IT industry, stimulated by the domestic market, produces a diversified work context in which the higher education degree is undervalued, being prioritized experience and other behavioral attributes associated with capabilities like continuous learning, results orientation, systemic vision, communication and negotiation skills, among others. It was found that training in higher education promotes these skills, in addition to enabling the insertion outside of Brazil, providing greater stability and give access to better job opportunities.
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Jeffers, Patrick I. "IT and process performance: an empirical investigation of the complementarities between IT and non-IT resources." The Ohio State University, 2003. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1061485426.
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Tröger, Ralph. "Supply Chain Event Management – Bedarf, Systemarchitektur und Nutzen aus Perspektive fokaler Unternehmen der Modeindustrie." Doctoral thesis, Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2014. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:15-qucosa-155014.
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Supply Chain Event Management (SCEM) bezeichnet eine Teildisziplin des Supply Chain Management und ist für Unternehmen ein Ansatzpunkt, durch frühzeitige Reaktion auf kritische Ausnahmeereignisse in der Wertschöpfungskette Logistikleistung und -kosten zu optimieren.
Durch Rahmenbedingungen wie bspw. globale Logistikstrukturen, eine hohe Artikelvielfalt und volatile Geschäftsbeziehungen zählt die Modeindustrie zu den Branchen, die für kritische Störereignisse besonders anfällig ist. In diesem Sinne untersucht die vorliegende Dissertation nach einer Beleuchtung der wesentlichen Grundlagen zunächst, inwiefern es in der Modeindustrie tatsächlich einen Bedarf an SCEM-Systemen gibt.
Anknüpfend daran zeigt sie nach einer Darstellung bisheriger SCEM-Architekturkonzepte Gestaltungsmöglichkeiten für eine Systemarchitektur auf, die auf den Designprinzipien der Serviceorientierung beruht. In diesem Rahmen erfolgt u. a. auch die Identifikation SCEM-relevanter Business Services. Die Vorzüge einer serviceorientierten Gestaltung werden detailliert anhand der EPCIS (EPC Information Services)-Spezifikation illustriert.
Abgerundet wird die Arbeit durch eine Betrachtung der Nutzenpotenziale von SCEM-Systemen. Nach einer Darstellung von Ansätzen, welche zur Nutzenbestimmung infrage kommen, wird der Nutzen anhand eines Praxisbeispiels aufgezeigt und fließt zusammen mit den Ergebnissen einer Literaturrecherche in eine Konsolidierung von SCEM-Nutzeffekten. Hierbei wird auch beleuchtet, welche zusätzlichen Vorteile sich für Unternehmen durch eine serviceorientierte Architekturgestaltung bieten.
In der Schlussbetrachtung werden die wesentlichen Erkenntnisse der Arbeit zusammengefasst und in einem Ausblick sowohl beleuchtet, welche Relevanz die Ergebnisse der Arbeit für die Bewältigung künftiger Herausforderungen innehaben als auch welche Anknüpfungspunkte sich für anschließende Forschungsarbeiten ergeben.
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Reslová, Monika. "Podpora implementace strategie s využitím IS/ICT." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta podnikatelská, 2017. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-316936.
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The target of the thesis is to propose an appropriate information system that ensures the implementation of the business strategy for the garden division of the company AGRO CS a.s. Specifically it targets evaluating the use of enterprise information systems and the application of business intelligence according to the information base describing the company's business strategy. The thesis is divided into three parts. The first one is the theoretical part that outlines the methods used for analysing the business strategy and the theory background about business strategy itself. It also contains information system theory. The second part, the analysis part, presents the company and is based on the theoretical part. It also implements methods used for analysing the business strategy and analysing the appropriateness of the use of EIS systems or business intelligence applications. In the last part, the proposal part, an appropriate EIS or BI system is chosen based on consultations, requirements and targets that are the outcome of the previous part.
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Costa, Roni Lemos da. "A tecnologia da informação como alavancadora de competitividade na cadeia de valor da indústria de bens de consumo : um estudo de caso." Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos, 2013. http://www.repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/3903.
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Na busca pela competitividade, as organizações buscam na cadeia de valor identificarem suas atividades de relevância estratégica para que se possam entender as origens e os potenciais de diferenciação e o comportamento dos custos. Dessa forma, as atividades de potencialização estão relacionadas com o desempenho dos processos internos e com o crescimento organizacional. O objetivo desse trabalho é identificar, na cadeia de valores da organização objeto do estudo de caso, quais as atividades e elos de maior potencial de valor agregado, identificando possíveis oportunidades do uso da Tecnologia da Informação (TI) para obter vantagem competitiva ao negócio da empresa. O trabalho apresenta o estudo de caso como modalidade de pesquisa qualitativa, numa indústria brasileira de grande porte do ramo de bens de consumo. Os dados foram coletados por meio de entrevistas em profundidade e questionários semiestruturados abertos realizados com Diretor Geral, diretores corporativos e gerentes da alta administração da organização. Assim, o resultado da pesquisa apresentou direcionadores a serem observados que orientam o uso de recursos de TI como forma de alavancar vantagem competitiva para o negócio da empresa, agregando valor na cadeia produtiva, operacionalizando os processos do Sales and Operation Planning (S&OP), estabelecendo ações que impactam nos três níveis de estratégia corporativa, do negócio e funcional.
In the search for competitiveness, organizations seek to identify, in their value chains, activities that are strategically relevant to understand the origens and possibilities of differenciation, as well as the cost behaviours. Thus, the activities of empowerment are related to the performance of internal processes and of organizational growth. This thesis seeks to identify, in the value chain of the organization that is object of study of the present paper, which activities and links have higher potential of value-added, identifying possible opportunities in the use of Information Technology in order to obtain competitive vantages to the company. This paper presents a case study as a form of qualitative research in a large Brazilian company operating in the area of consumer goods. Its data were collected through in-depth interviews as well as through semi-structured and open questionnaires with the company’s director, corporate directors and managers of the organization. Thus, the research’s results show some directions to be followed. They guide the use of Information Technology as a way to levarage competitiveness advantage for the company’s business, adding value in the supply chain, while at the same time operationalizing the process of Sales and Operation Planning (S&OP), and establishing movements that have impact in the three levels of corporative, business and functional strategy.
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Daccak, Muhammad. "The Future of Public Service Television in Sweden : A study on challenges and opportunities for SVT Play in a shifting television landscape." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för elektroteknik och datavetenskap (EECS), 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-292841.
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This study investigates the changing television landscape and consumption habits and the effects on the Swedish public service television(SVT). Recent shifts have amplified the ongoing decline of linear television and were marked by increasing migration of viewers to online video consumption and global streaming services. These new competitors escalate the challenges facing national broadcasters and emphasize the role of having a strong independent public service television that can remain relevant to all its audiences. SVT has been a pioneer in shifting to online and launched its video streaming service SVT Play in 2006. But the service is unable to recuperate the viewership bleeding from SVT linear channels, and reaching younger audiences has never been more challenging. The study presents a literature review and background referring to recent general trends in the television market, to put shifts and disruptions in the Swedish market in a larger context. We also present a thorough background on the Swedish television market focusing on the position of SVT and SVT Play. We discussed dynamics and drivers of recent structural and consumption shifts through in-depth interviews with key personnel from SVT as well as with other experts from different areas within the media and telecom industry. We seek to answer what future challenges and opportunities are for SVT Play and how to deal with those challenges and opportunities. The data collected were analyzed and reported in this study. The main findings indicate a new era ahead of public service heralded by the unprecedented decline of SVT broadcast and the increased consumption divergence in 2019. The study found that SVT Play has a central future role of public service television and should be further empowered to remain agile and relevant, through diverse, differentiated, and personalized offerings, but also through constant engagement with audiences and continuous learning of what they value and demand in a constantly changing media landscape.Denna studie undersöker det föränderliga TV-landskapet och de nya konsumtionsvanornas effekter på svensk public service- TV (SVT). Nyligen har skiftningar intensifierat den pågående minskningen av linjär-TV vilket märkts i den ökande migrationen av TV-tittare till online video-konsumtion och globala streamingtjänster. Dessa nya konkurrenter trappar upp utmaningarna som nationella programföretag ställts inför och betonar vikten av att ha stark och oberoende public service-TV som kan förbli relevant för samtliga målgrupper. SVT har varit pionjärer i övergången till online och lanserade sin streamingtjänst för video, SVT Play, redan 2006. Men tjänsten är oförmögen att hämta upp de förlorade tittarsiffrorna från SVTs linjära TV-kanaler. Samtidigt så har det aldrig tidigare varit svårare att nå de unga målgrupperna. Denna studie presenterar en litteraturgenomgång och bakgrund med referenser till de senaste allmänna trenderna TV-marknad, för att ställa den svenska marknadens förändringar och störningar i ett större sammanhang. Vi presenterar även en grundlig bakgrund av den svensk TV-marknaden med fokus på SVTs och SVT Plays positioner i denna. Vi har resonerat kring dynamiken och drivkrafterna bakom de senaste strukturella förändringarna och förändringarna i konsumtion, genom djupgående intervjuer med nyckelpersoner från SVT samt andra experter inom olika områden av media- och Telecom-industrin. Vi söker svaret till vilka de framtida utmaningarna och möjligheterna för SVT Play är, samt hur man bör handskas med dessa utmaningar och möjligheter. Den insamlade datan har analyserats och rapporteras i denna studie. De huvudsakliga upptäckterna indikerar en ny era för public service, påbörjad av de historiska minskningarna av SVTs sändningar samt den ökande konsumtionsdivergensen under 2019. Studien har funnit att SVT Play besitter en central framtida roll för public service-TV och bör fortsatt vara stärkt i uppgiften att förbli rörlig och relevant, genom varierade, differentierade och personanpassade erbjudanden, men även genom ett konstant engagemang med sin publik och ett kontinuerligt lärande över vad de värderar och önskar i ett ständigt skiftande medielandskap.
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Bolseth, Sindre. "The Extended Enterprise Operations Model Toolset : Towards information visibility and visualization in integrated, global and responsive value chains." Doctoral thesis, Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet, Institutt for produksjons- og kvalitetsteknikk, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-20400.
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Galvão, Alexander Patêz. "O cinema brasileiro da retomada: a auto-sustentabilidade é possível?" Instituto Brasileiro de Informação em Ciência e Tecnologia/Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, 2003. http://ridi.ibict.br/handle/123456789/951.
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Este trabalho busca analisar as políticas públicas para o audiovisual no Brasil a partir da década de 1990 e, mais especificamente, as políticas de fomento à produção de longas metragens. Para tanto, foram utilizados referenciais comumente presentes nos estudos relativos à Ciência da Informação, tais como as políticas de informação e o próprio conceito de informação, e à Ciência Econômica – particularidades dos bens informacionais quando transacionados no mercado. Tais referenciais conferem sustentação à consideração da informação (e dos bens de informação) como elemento central da dinâmica econômica mundial. As políticas públicas para o audiovisual no Brasil são analisadas a partir de dois eixos: políticas de fomento por um lado e políticas de regulação de mercado, por outro lado – eixos a partir das quais é possível a comparação com políticas públicas de outros países. A análise tem como base a construção teórica de uma cadeia de valor do setor audiovisual (denominada cadeia ramificada) desenvolvida como ferramenta analítica capaz de revelar os gargalos à circulação do produto e ao fluxo financeiro no setor, assim como as estratégias de expansão e o exercício de poder econômico das empresas que aí atuam. Como resultado do trabalho, tem-se: (i) a constatação de que a política pública brasileira voltada ao setor audiovisual a partir do início da década de 1990 não integrou as reflexões, comuns nos países desenvolvidos, sobre a potencialidade socioeconômica associada à maior relevância da informação e dos produtos de informação na dinâmica da economia e das sociedades; (ii) que a natureza e o escopo das políticas de fomento implementadas está relacionado à constatação da incapacidade do Estado brasileiro em promover políticas de regulação de mercado que viessem a ampliar o espaço para o produto audiovisual nacional, e; (iii) que o “viés cinematográfico” da política pública, tendo o fomento público à produção de longas metragens como base, foi se consolidando diante dos limites políticos do Estado em abarcar outros segmentos do mercado audiovisual, especialmente os televisivos, no seio das ações voltada para o setor.
This work covers the analysis of the public policies for the audiovisual sector in Brazil since the 1990s and, more specifically, the production of feature film policies. To that purpose, several references related to Information Science were used, such as information policies and the concept of information itself, as well as references from Economic Science - particularities of informational goods when transacted in the market, for example. These references take the consideration of information (and information goods) as the central element of world economic dynamics. The Brazilian audiovisual public policies are analysed from two axes: promotion policies based on public subsidies and regulation policies – axes when used make possible to compare policies between countries. The analysis is based on the theoretical construction of an audiovisual sector value chain, denominated the branched audiovisual chain, developed as an analytical tool that intents to show the product circulation bottlenecks and financial flow in the sector, as well as the expansion strategies and the exercise of economic power of the companies acting in this field. As a result of the work, we have: (i) the observation that the Brazilian public policy focused on the audiovisual sector since the beginning of the 1990s did not integrate the reflections, common in developed countries, about the socioeconomic potential associated to the greater relevance of the information and information products in the dynamics of the economy and societies; (ii) that the understanding of the development policies implemented is related to the inability of the Brazilian State to promote market regulation policies that would expand the space for the national product, and; (iii) that the "cinematographic bias" of public policy, with public subsidies for the production of feature films as a base, has been consolidated in the face of the political limitations of the State in covering other segments of the audiovisual market, especially television, in the heart of the actions directed towards the sector.
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George, Robin Peter. "Unlocking small-scale fisheries value chains through Information & Communication Technology (ICT) - the case studies of Lamberts Bay & Kleinmond, South Africa." Master's thesis, Faculty of Science, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/31153.
Full textAbstract:
Focusing on the small-scale fisheries sector, this thesis examines the question of how the usage of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) can unlock value chain opportunities for fishers. Using a case study approach by focusing on the communities of Lamberts Bay and Kleinmond in the Western Cape of South Africa, it seeks to discover what ICTs should take cognisance of to adequately speak to the value chain realities of small-scale fishers. Some of the work done was observed while engaging with fishers from both communities and other relevant stakeholders during certain engagements with the Abalobi programme, a co-designed smartphone application programme. The emphasis of the research was to speak to different stakeholders who are involved in the value chain and who are engaging with or impact the value chains of small-scale fishing communities. As value chains start with small-scale fishers, their narratives are of utmost importance as they are the initiators of these value chains. The three objectives of this research are to understand the value chain activities of the two communities, differentiate the different value chain activities of the communities at the local, regional and international levels and then contribute to how ICTs such as Abalobi can assist efforts of connecting fishers to their markets. Interviewing and engaging fishers, supportive organisations, authorities, value chain stakeholders in both communities as well as corporates and an ICT specialist, the thesis considers the different perspectives and needs of those involved in the small-scale fisheries value chain. The result of this thesis lead to six ICT requirements being identified to unlocking of small-scale fishing value chains: easy to use, self-sustaining, people-centred and inclusive, integrated, evolving and detailed. Although value chains exist in the sector, ICTs can enable better coordination between stakeholders in it. This research was done to understand how ICTs as a tool can improve and better facilitate the interactions between fishers and their desired markets and that their narratives are brought to the fore in understanding the value chains and in sourcing ICT solutions for them.
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Krone, Madlen [Verfasser], Peter [Gutachter] Dannenberg, and Elmar [Gutachter] Kulke. "Information and Communication Technology in Small- Scale Business Based Agricultural Value Chains in Sub-Saharan Africa. Examples from Kenyan and Tanzanian Horticulture / Madlen Krone ; Gutachter: Peter Dannenberg, Elmar Kulke." Köln : Universitäts- und Stadtbibliothek Köln, 2018. http://d-nb.info/116525557X/34.
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Conradie, Pieter Jacobus. "Knowledge management as a sustainable competitive advantage in the steel industry / Pieter Conradie." Thesis, North-West University, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/4806.
Full textAbstract:
The aim of this study is to conduct a thorough theoretical study on the relevant
aspects involved in knowledge management and organisational learning, and to
assess the maturity level of knowledge management within the South African steel
industry.
Various aspects of knowledge, knowledge management and organisational learning
with specific relation to sustainable competitive advantage are discussed in the
literature study. During the literature research several factors which either promote or
hinder the effective management of knowledge were identified and a list of lessons
learned by other successful knowledge focused companies, are discussed. The
critical success factors for a successful knowledge management program are also
discussed.
Knowledge can create a sustainable competitive advantage within an organisation, if
successfully applied to make value adding decisions and to enable learning, and if it
is applied to make decisions which are superior to that of its rivals across the supply
chain. An integrated approach needs to be followed when KM is pursued and the
knowledge must be applied to make value added decisions and facilitate learning
across all processes in the value chain. The focus must be to retain an
organisation’s tacit knowledge as this is a key success factor to ensure a
sustainable competitive advantage. The study includes research on whether knowledge management is effectively used
as a sustainable competitive advantage in the South African steel industry. The
maturity level of the application of knowledge and learning principles implemented
within the South African steel industry is assessed and compared to the maturity
level of ArcelorMittal, Monlevade, located in Brazil. A survey was designed and
distributed to determine the knowledge management and organisational learning
maturity levels at two steel facilities of ArcelorMittal in South Africa and one facility in
Brazil.
The key problem areas as identified through the empirical research are discussed
and it is concluded that South African facilities do not effectively use knowledge
management as a sustainable competitive advantage. The maturity level of
knowledge management in ArcelorMittal, South Africa is low compared to the
maturity at Monlevade and rival companies such as Tata and Posco steel.
A significant effort needs to be made in order to allow the effective creation,
acquisition, sharing and leveraging of knowledge within the South African steel
facilities. The key factors which constrain effective knowledge management is
related to ineffective Human Resource policies, organisation structure, lack of
knowledge exchange forums, collaboration and communication, coaching, and a lack
of incentives to share tacit knowledge.
It is also evident that knowledge is not seen as a sustainable competitive advantage
by many respondents and that they perceive they do not have the time or capacity to
transfer knowledge. Ten practical design principles were constructed and a
knowledge management framework was developed to guide South African steel
companies during the design and execution of a knowledge management
programme which will ensure that knowledge management will result into a
sustainable competitive advantage.Thesis (M.B.A.)--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2011.
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Wu, Chien-Chung, and 吳建忠. "The Value of Information Sharing in Supply Chain." Thesis, 2004. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/36097931385472971407.
Full textAbstract:
碩士逢甲大學
工業工程學所
92
Information technology has enabled the retailers and their upstream suppliers to share demand information quickly and inexpensively. This research aims at studying the value of information sharing in three different situations in which the AR(1) model is applied to forecast “demands” for the retailer and manufacturer. In the first case, with information sharing the single manufacturer knows the parameters that the single retailer uses in the AR(1) model, while without information sharing the single manufacturer does not have this information. In the second case, the single retailer in the second case is extended to multiple retailers. In the third case, it is a assumed that lead time can be reduced only when the information is shared. For both manufacturer and retailer(s), there are inventory holding and stockout costs. Simulation study shows that the supply chain costs are lower with information sharing than without information sharing. The results display that information sharing had benefits of reducing the costs of manufacturer, retailer(s), and entire supply chain. As to enterprise, information sharing is a considerable strategy, not only can promote entire efficiency of supply chain, but also can reduce the production of the invalid costs.
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Lee, Chung-Min, and 李宗民. "The study of Building Information Modeling technology enhance the value of electromechanical industry value chain." Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/02152949343859205586.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立臺灣大學
商學組
103
Electro-Mechanical Industry is normally processed in relatively mid-late building construction life cycle. Lacking integration at early design stage and short lead time eventually bring negative effect to construction duration and quality. The unique contract out model and differential professional construction of Architectural Engineering, as a result, it make things difficult to systematically integrate engineering relevant expert’s opinions. Division of specialized engineering is obvious on practical application; on the other hand, obscure cooperation model often exists in-between different engineering. Electro-Mechanical Industry is facing same predicament repeatedly and struggling on finding the perfect solution. Facing with this dilemma, the Western countries gradually adopt Building Information Modeling system （BIM） to cope with the issue. BIM not only offer a communication platform as an integrating tool, but also assist project teams on concept planning prior to construction. Even more, deliver complete necessary digital information for subsequent construction phases, construction management and building operation. Deploying and adopting BIM successfully minimize conflict of the construction, at the same time have effective cost control and schedule control. This study supports that BIM can be advantage and a solution answers to Electro-Mechanical Industry’s need of enhance competitiveness. It’s also a strategic action that deserves our further investigation and study. Thus this study assumes that advantages of Electro-Mechanical Industry’s adopting BIM are ： 1. With help of conflict checking, conflictions could be revealed and solved beforehand; at the same time, accelerate construction schedule with sustainable quality. 2. Having shorter reaction time and minimized mistakes to customers’ request change. 3. Reduce disputes caused by different cognitive by using 3D visual content during discussion with customers. 4. By using BIM-4D to ensure rationality and safety of construction, thus reduce a lot problems encountered in construction. 5. BIM system database can be integrated as subsequent use in Construct Building Facility Management System, and become the reference book to device or facility maintenance of buildings. Considering current industry circumstance, it is not easy to deploy BIM to Electro-Mechanical Industry by oneself. Taking advantage of advancement and optimization of BIM LOD, industry could strive to present complete look of each stage, also make it the reference to strategically planning Key words：Building Information Modeling; Electro Mechanical Industry Value Chain; Promote Value.
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de, Fin Bronwen Alexandra. "The interaction of information systems with the value configuration of law firms." Thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/6133.
Full textAbstract:
The study identified various value configurations, namely the value chain, value shop
and value networks, that could be applicable in understanding the value adding
activities within a law firm. The aim of the study was to determine whether
information systems could be utilised throughout the identified activities comprising
the various value configurations.
In the event that information systems were used throughout these activities it was
sought to determine to what extent information systems were being used in the law
firm and whether, from the user’s perspective, the systems facilitated better efficiency
in the workplace, increased productivity and had a positive effect on the profitability
of the law firm.
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Lin, Chin-Chang, and 林慶昌. "Using the Value Chain Model to Setuo a Campus Wide Information System." Thesis, 1996. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/53495081512892641097.
Full textAbstract:
碩士淡江大學
資訊管理研究所
84
With the rapid development of Internet, it has become essential in the Iniversity to implement a Campus Wide Information System (CWIS). In this article, a conventional value chain model was transformed from the manufacture orientation to a evised one focusing on the student. Based on this innovative model, its functional structure was completed by retrieving some CWIS functions from the literature and the information stored in web servers. In order to demonstrate this brand-new design, the network language was used to build aprototype. It not only containes the skeleton of 9 subsystems, but also included the detailed design of the consulting function for students abroad from the alumni service subsystem.
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Lin, Shiang-Chi, and 林香琪. "Factors with Impact on the Value of Information Sharing in a Supply Chain." Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/87632789773552786034.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立臺中技術學院
事業經營研究所
95
The benefits a supply chain obtained from information sharing between the retailers and their upstream suppliers as well as its influential factors have received numerous attentions in recent years. Using the simulation model and regression analysis, this thesis aims at addressing the issues of quantifying the magnitudes of these benefits, and of identifying the influential factors for a two-echelon supply chain with a first-order autoregressive demand process. We assume that the retailer follows a simple order-up-to inventory policy in which the estimating of order-up-to point relies on simple moving-average. Our analysis suggests that the benefits of information sharing can be high when demand is significantly correlated over time; any of the service level, carrying cost or shortage cost is high; or when lead-time is long. Besides, the longer the period of past demands accounting in simple moving- average the lower the benefit quantified.
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Hsu, Shu-Wei, and 許淑薇. "The Cross-Industry Information Transfer of Analysts' Earnings Forecast within A Value Chain." Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/hqcs9h.
Full textAbstract:
碩士輔仁大學
會計學系碩士班
107
This study investigates whether the analysts’ earnings forecast information would vertically transfer to different industries within the same value chain. Using the analysts’ earnings forecast data in 2016, the empirical results show that the earnings forecast information of upper-stream firms would be reflected to the stock returns of down-stream firms, suggesting that the analysts’ earnings foreacst information of upper-stream firms would cross-industry transfer within the same value chain.