Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Informationsflödet'
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Crafoord, Madeleine, and Gabriella Hedberg. "Informationsflöde inom prefabprocessen : Hur kan Derome Träteknik effektivisera informationsflödet från konstruktion till produktion?" Thesis, Högskolan i Jönköping, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-41782.
Full textThe study aimed to investigate how the information flow at an off-site fabrication is working, from design-stage to production. More specifically, it focus on identifying effective and ineffective parts in the information flow, along with improvement opportunities to optimize the personnel’s daily work. Since the authors had no knowledge about where the problems in the information flow at the company was, they were not able to create a theoretical framework before the case study was made. The case study involved observation and interviews. The observation was made to identify the process and information flow at the company. The interviews were made to get the knowledge about the personnel’s opinion and to locate where the problems in the information flow occurred. With the case study as a base the theoretical framework could be made with a literature study. The problem areas that emerged from the case study are all mainly based from the lack of time. This is partly due to the time-consuming activities such as manual handling in the making of production technical drawing and revision of planning documents. The improvement proposal the authors present is to upgrade the computer-aided design software and to implement a planning system. The authors also consider the lack of time as a reason for shortcomings in the communication. The improvement proposal the authors present for this is to keep the personal contact and to supplement it with a system. The study intends to contribute with knowledge about how an information flow at an off-site fabrication may look like. It reinforces theories about why it is important to keep the personal communication when a system upgrade are implemented. The study has also contributed in proposals in which parts of the information flow that have potential to become more effective at an off-site fabrication. The study was limited to an off-site fabrication and only the information flow between design-stage and production was included in the study. No economic aspects were considered and only one company has participated in the study.
Josefsson, Mattias. "Samhällskunskapsläraren i informationsflödet." Thesis, Högskolan Dalarna, Pedagogiskt arbete, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:du-27101.
Full textYesilkayali, Aydin Sergen. "Brister inom processbaserade informationsflöden : En undersökning av informationsbrister och hur dessa påverkar informationsflödet inom processer." Thesis, Mittuniversitetet, Avdelningen för informations- och kommunikationssystem, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:miun:diva-28224.
Full textIndustrier består av processer där hundratals produkter produceras per dag. Detta betyder att små brister inom process- eller informationsflödet ger stora utslag relativt snabbt. Detta gör att en intressant frågeställning uppstår: hur olika former av informationsbrister påverkar processer. Ett fåtal tidigare studier diskuterar detta problem. Syftet med denna studie är att undersöka hur olika former av informationsbrister kan påverka ett informationsflöde mellan två processer. En informations- och processkartläggning har skett genom en fallstudie på Kubal. Den undersökta processen har varit det materialflödet mellan två processer. De slutsatser som tagits fram är att informationsflödet inom processer måste knytas på en generell nivå, så att alla relevanta delprocessägare är med inom flödet. Misslyckandet av att motverka detta leder till att informationsflödet agerar suboptimalt. En annan viktig punkt är att vara konsistent med de system som används; funktionsbrister inom dessa system leder till att ytterligare system genereras för att agera som komplement, vilket implicerar ytterligare problem inom informationsflödet.
Fossum, Emma, and Anna-Bettina Holm. "Internkommunikation : Identifiera brus i informationsflödet." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för organisation och entreprenörskap (OE), 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-74874.
Full textPettersson, Alexander, and Moritz Kuhleber. "Analys av informationsflödet under projekteringsfasen." Thesis, Malmö universitet, Fakulteten för teknik och samhälle (TS), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-20616.
Full textWith the construction industry's great success lately, competition between the companies is also growing, which means that these aim at increased productivity. Therefore, one of the most important decisions to make in a construction project is how the information will flow between all involved parties. The purpose of this case study was to analyse and map information flow between disciplines during the design phase. Identified problems were verified and suggestions for improvements were made. A case study was used to understand which files were used in hospital projects. Interviews were performed to get information from individual discipline’s perspectives regarding information flow. In order to use relevant facts in the work, a literature study was carried out. The study concluded that converting a file can result in information losses of geometries, drawing layers and intelligent connections between objects. Most used file formats were IFC, RVT and DWG. Also, the information flow and dependencies between disciplines has been illustrated. This can cause faults with usage of different coordinates. Furthermore, many files are being uploaded to the project portal which in many cases results in difficulties with file management.
Westring, Johan. "Successiv projektering : En kartläggning av informationsflödet." Thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Arkitektur och vatten, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-75737.
Full textAssgård, Christoffer. "Effektivisering av informationsflödet inom en offentlig organisation." Thesis, Tekniska Högskolan, Högskolan i Jönköping, JTH, Datateknik och informatik, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-35600.
Full textPurpose – The purpose of this study is to investigate what kind of problems a public organization has with their information flow and suggest a solution to the identified problems.To achieve the purpose, will the report answer the following questions: What problems do a public organization have with the information flow? How can a specification contribute to efficiency the flow of information within a public organization? Method – In order to achieve the objectives of the study and answer the research questions, a qualitative study is conducted in a public organization. First, semi-structured interviews have been conducted, and then a literature search is performed to provide a knowledge base in this field. From this emerges a specification that forms the basis for a more efficient flow of information within a public organization. The empirical data, which is collected in the manner described, is then analysed and compared with the collected theory. This is to compare the real working life with the theory. Even literature studies have been carried out because it is important to have a stable background current methods, theories and tools. With its basis in the specification, the proposed solutions was developed after an election has made the kind of solution that is fit for purpose. This was done in consultation with the organization concerned. The requirement specification has been analysed by the empirical data and theories, and occurred in consulting with the organization concerned. A demonstration of the final solution and follow-up interviews were also conducted, to get feedback about the solution improvement of the information flow within the public organization. Findings – The study results are based on the collected empirical data and the conducted literature review. The result shows that development of an artefact in the form of guidelines for a set of requirements that form the basis, for further development solution improvement of the information flow has resulted in an improvement of the information flow within a public organization. The requirements that have been identified; with semi-structured interview have been used to create the specification demands. This is done to get a good result that solves the organizations requirements and needs, in terms of information flow in a public organization. Implications – Blomkvist and Hallin (2015) argues that some thesis provides a methodological contribution to research this, a new way to solve an organization's practical problems. This is this study knowledge contribution. Knowledge contribution in terms of research in informatics, it contributes to an improvement in the distribution of information. This is through the development and use guidelines for a set of requirements that underpin it. The study provides support by producing a guidance on a specification in the form of an artefact that is the basis for development. Further studies may be seen as desirable as this study has only focused on the organization and for research to be optimal and needs further studies in the field carried out. Limitations – The study was conducted in a public organization and therefore the results of the study are specifically relevant for this kind of organizations.
Tillakoy, Savå. "Organisering av informationsflödet i kommunsamordningscentralen (KSC) : En studie kring informationsflödet mellan fyra kommuner i Skaraborg och ledningen i kommunsamordningscentralen." Thesis, Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för informationsteknologi, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:his:diva-12580.
Full textDouhan, Elin, and Helena Nyman. "Engingeering Change Order Process : Informationsflödet i en ändringshanteringsprocess." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Industriell teknik, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-446365.
Full textHögberg, Fredrik, and Nathalie Chavez. "Effektivisering av material- och informationsflödet : En fallstudie på SKF." Thesis, University of Skövde, School of Technology and Society, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:his:diva-116.
Full textBlennow, Sussanne. "Vill du ha en broschyr? Om informationsflödet angående LSS." Thesis, Malmö högskola, Fakulteten för hälsa och samhälle (HS), 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-26036.
Full textSometimes people find themselvs in a situation where they need support and help to cope with their everyday lives. The municipality has, under Administrative Procedure Act (1986:223), a service obligation to inform the individual about what kinds of actions with help, support and service the individual is entitled to. More specific the legal basis this municipal obligation are the Social Services Act (2001:453), called SoL and the Act Concerning Support and Service for Persons with Certain Functional Impairments (1993:387) called LSS. This study is based on concerns regarding if the information provided by the surveyed municipality is received by the citizens. The information in question concerns the LSS (1993:387), since this legislation is addressed to individuals with specific disabilities. The study also reflects on which form the citizen wishes to receive this information,if it is through for instance,the media, brochures, or Assistance Administrators in the municipality and, futhermore, what type of information citizens requesting concerning LSS(1993:387).The study was conducted by means of mail questionnaires aimed at persons between 18-65 years with action under the Social Services Act (2001:453). The results of this study are discussed on the basis of Giddens's theories concerning trust whitin institutions, such as the Social Administration. The study does also inlude a discussion relating to Foucault's perspective on the power of the institutions, as the institution are providing resources that affect the individual's life situation. Individuals must themselves request the help, support and service they need. This may reveal their own shortcomings and can result in the experience of shame about the fact that they need this support, an aspect that is central to social work. In sum, the study showed that the primary source of information is the interpersonal information, normally provided by municipal Administrator of Social Administration.
Grenholm, Linnea, and Malin Zachrisson. "Digitalisering av informationsflödet i inköpsprocessen : En fallstudie inom byggbranschen." Thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för ekonomi, teknik och samhälle, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-63761.
Full textPurchasing is a strategic function within today's businesses and has, together with supply chain management, had an increased impact on organizations' competitiveness and profitability. Many of the productivity improvements initiated in different sectors have been driven by investments in Information Technology (IT) aimed at improving information flow and streamlining supply chains. However, the development has been slower in the construction industry compared to other industries. Purchased materials and services in the Swedish construction industry account for about 75 percent of the total costs within the companies. Consequently, there is a great potential in the construction industry regarding the implementation and development of IT solutions to support the purchasing process. In the Swedish construction industry, the purchasing process of transports and machines for construction sites has been highlighted as challenging in terms of digitization. This is due to large differences in both size and IT maturity among suppliers, as well as the discontinuity of the projects where the purchase of the services takes place. The purpose of this study is therefore to investigate how the procurement process of transports and machines for construction sites can be streamlined through the digitization of the information flow and has been conducted as a case study at the central purchasing department at Skanska Sweden AB. In this study, the purchasing process refers to eight process steps; framework agreement, project agreement, delivery plan, suborder, confirmation of suborder, attendance note, confirmation of attendance and invoicing. The study involves identifying and evaluating possible options for digitization by studying current research in the subject in combination with ongoing practical work regarding a digital information flow in purchasing. Based on previous research, empirical and analytical studies, this study resulted in a framework for an integrated procurement process where each activity is linked through digital systems. To achieve a more integrated and efficient procurement process of transports and machines for construction sites the recommendations for the case study company, and similar companies in the industry, are as follows. Create and structure processes and spread the way of working throughout the business Digitize by collecting internal master data in business systems Implement an integrated system support for the operational purchase Simplify invoice handling in the supply chain by using self-billing invoices Implement a strategic, digital holistic solution with the preservation of human contact The study concludes that when initiating digital working methods and processes, it is important to consider that flexibility is partially lost, and it is important not to digitize individual questions, but rather from a long-term holistic perspective. Furthermore, digitization can lead to the elimination of non-value added activities in the form of duplication, analogue document handling, and controls late in the process. Collecting, storing and managing information in digital systems enables identification of potential improvements through detailed analysis. Implementing a strategic, digital overall solution for the information flow in the procurement process for transports and machines at construction sites will take time, but in the long term, initialization of master data, operational systems and self-billing can generate a more functional and secure information flow.
Harvey, Ainagul. "Informationsflödet vid lasarettanknuten hemsjukvård : En intervjustudie gällande patienters upplevelse." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för folkhälso- och vårdvetenskap, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-327998.
Full textBackman, Marcus, and Karin Kling. "”Organiserat kaos” : Kartläggning och analys av informationsflödet i produktplanerarnas arbetsprocess." Thesis, Växjö University, School of Mathematics and Systems Engineering, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:vxu:diva-6933.
Full textHagob, Sihak. "Value Stream Mapping – Alfa Laval : Kartläggning av produktion- och informationsflödet." Thesis, Mälardalens högskola, Akademin för innovation, design och teknik, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-26537.
Full textÖsterblom, Fredrik, and Andreas Thunell. "BIM: KOMMUNIKATION MELLAN PROJEKTERING OCH PRODUKTION : - Hur BIM effektiviserar informationsflödet." Thesis, KTH, Byggteknik och design, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-192687.
Full textThe purpose of this report is to enable project management and construction personnel to use BIM tools and methods more efficiently. Although NCC is currently using some functionality of such digital tools, NCC is not using the full tool suite to better manage their projects, specifically to leverage the cross discipline collaboration capabilities. In order to gather a comprehensive view of construction personnel requirements, interviews were conducted across a varied and wide range of age, seniority, and job position. These interviews formed the basis for the evaluation criteria of the BIM tools. Additional interviews were held with other staff, including project leads, model coordinators and construction engineers to ensure their knowledge was incorporated into the evaluation. To compliment the interviews, and further evaluate the digital tools for cross collaboration capabilities a house was modeled in Tekla Structures and Revit. Also the architectural and construction models of NCC project Trollhättan 33, T33, was available for testing. Two programs emerged as ‘best in class’ post the assessment, differentiated primarily by which phase of the construction lifecycle they were used for. Solibri Model Checker, SMC was considered most suitable tool in the project management phase and Trimble Connect considered best during the construction phase. SMC is suited for validation and quality control and Trimble Connect is a tool, in which models and documents can be stored for easy collaboration in project teams as well as visualizing models, which are easily shared via computer, tablet or mobile phone. The following BIM tools were tested: Solibri Model Checker v9.6 Navisworks Manage 2016 Autodesk BIM 360 Glue Trimble Tekla BIMsight Trimble Connect
Thunell, Andreas, and Fredrik Österblom. "BIM: KOMMUNIKATION MELLAN PROJEKTERING OCH PRODUKTION : Hur BIM effektiviserar informationsflödet." Thesis, KTH, Byggteknik och design, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-192901.
Full textLindmark, Karin. "Upplevda brister med det interna informationsflödet på en medelstor gymnasieskola." Thesis, Malmö högskola, Lärarutbildningen (LUT), 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-35108.
Full textSpreading and collecting information is and has always been essential in order to communicate and cooperate on daily basis in a society like owns today. All individuals are being exposed to a large amount of information daily. This increases the demand for reliability and accuracy of the information and also the source that distribute the information. In an environment such as a school both pupils and personnel are exposed to a constant flow of information from both external and internal sources. The purpose of this study was to illustrate and identify the possible and in some cases obvious shortcomings in the internal flow of information in a medium sized upper secondary school. My group of interest have been educationalists, student council personnel and administrative personnel. Initially, I sent out a questionnaire determine general opinion of the flow and distribution of information in our school. Based on the answers, I then designed a questionnaire with more specific and detailed questions about the requirements and complaints my colleagues had expressed initially. The crux after problems seems to be the flow of information is somewhat unstructured and to some extent incomplete. To substantiate where the responsibility lies in distributing information and through which channels they are allocated, I interviewed the school secretary. Thus, I got answers to most of my colleagues questions and a robust foundation for my analysis and ultimately, my discussion. Finally I approached management to interview the person in charge of these questions and how they experienced the situation. My study resulted in many useful suggestions of how to eliminate obsolete and superfluous channels in order to get the most accurate and precise information provided.
Zsido, Ester. "Kartläggning och analys av informationsflödet vid framtagning av ny produkt." Thesis, Örebro universitet, Institutionen för naturvetenskap och teknik, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-42074.
Full textThe thesis work was performed at the company's production facility, which produces customer-specific store and restaurant interiors in smaller scale. The company has expanded rapidly and relatively recently started up its own production facility, which means that there are good potential for a good and very favorable future production, but the company is quite not there yet. Deficiencies in communication, project management and construction can be identified as some of the root causes of the problems during production. The purpose of this study is to analyze and identify the root causes of this, and develop improvement suggestions that can lead to the achievement of the future objectives. Some suggestions for improvement have been worked out using different Lean tools such as routines and templates for construction. These proposals have also been tested in real projects and achieved good results both during the project, but also afterwards in the evaluation of the project.
Lindroth, Maria, and Karin Ohlsén. "Bedömningar av krav på interna informationsflödet inom supply chain på DeLaval (Shanghai)." Thesis, KTH, Maskinkonstruktion (Inst.), 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-99328.
Full textDeLaval distributes complete milking systems. They conducts their business in more than 100 markets all over the world. There is always a desire to deliver orders to customers on time. The Director of Purchasing and Logistics Asia at DeLaval in Shanghai has expressed a need to investigate how to adjust the information support for supply chain in order to improve the time for delivery to the customer. This resulted in a commission to clarify the needs regarding the information flow and to identify what system support is needed to enable delivery on time in full to the end‐ customer. There is a measurement called on time in full (OTIF) which is used by DeLaval to measure the performance of delivery of their supply chain at the interface to customer. This was the basis for the following issue was formulated: How can information flows within the supply chain be adapted to improve OTIF? To be able to respond to this question a case study had to be carried out. Both primary and secondary data was collected. The primary data came primarily from interviews, but also from seminars and events. The secondary data consisted of internal documents, academic articles, books and other forms of information available to read. The analysis was able to enlighten important issues in the information flow. For example: existing problems in the systems used to manage information and drawings, weaknesses in the internal collaboration and communication, the importance of internal and external information sharing. Concrete suggestions on how the enlighten issues above can be solved is for example to implement RFID. A supply chain is as in the front picture of this thesis; never completely straight.
Svärdh, Eleonor. "Ingen vill väl ha en gammal tant?! : Vikten av informationsflödet under organisationsförändringar." Thesis, Karlstad University, Faculty of Social and Life Sciences, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-5658.
Full textI den rådande lågkonjunkturen som drabbat Sverige är det inte ovanligt med organisationsförändringar. Med en organisationsförändring följer oftast konsekvenser och då exempelvis uppsägning av personal. När personal sägs upp eller framför allt får ett besked om varsel är det av stor vikt att det finns personalstrategier samt att ledningen agerar stöttepelare för sina anställda. Studien syftar på att få en förståelse över vad personalen upplevt i form av motivation samt omhändertagande efter ett besked om varsel fram till slutgiltigt besked.
Studien är gjord utifrån en kvalitativ forskningsmetod med intervjuer vilket gjorde att det blev ett mer djup i beskrivningen av upplevelserna från intervjupersonerna. Studien lyfter upp vikten av information både innan, under och efter ett förändringsarbete i organisationer samt hur intervjupersonerna upplever att de motiveras.
Det resultat som framkommit i studien av den varslade personalen är att det endast funnits fåtalet personalstrategier som organisationerna använt sig av samt att det i stort har upplevts en minskad arbetsmotivation. Det upplevda omhändertagandet var näst intill obefintligt och det var något som de intervjuade hade saknat.
Tobal, Elias. "Förbättring av det interna informationsflödet inom Postnord Sverige ABs postkontor på Värmdö." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för teknikvetenskaper, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-358017.
Full textImagine yourself working in a workplace that have a lack of documented information. Information is usually communicated through daily information meetings, as some employees can not attend on these meetings. The employees that can not attend need to do their duty during the meetings. The information is also not documented and the outcome is that some employees miss out on information and work as what is effective for themself. The overall work effort of the organization can be seen as effective for the individual employee and less effective for the whole organisation. The information and routines are not standardized within every divisions of the post office. Some routines are not performed as expected and make it harder for other colleagues to make an effective effort at the same division. The organisation have an internal concept called ”hasare” which means that employees with this position need to work in several divisions instead of one single. Because the organizations information flow is critical and also affects standardization negatively, it creates difficulties for "hasare" to work efficiently. The purpose of this paper is to define the root causes to the problem and also the solutions based of the employees visions. Based on interviews and observation, it appears that the problem has a negative effect on the standardization of the work and the motivation for employees. The solution is an implementation of folders with information to every division and also an implementation of a team system to ensure that all documents in the folder are updated. The implementation is based on Lean management and Total Quality Management, aiming to build an organization on long-term basis and participation in the organization's activities. Based on the method, the student, together with the organization's employees, will generate interrelationship diagraphs containing problem issues and tree diagrams containing solutions to the problems. To analyze the effectiveness of the solution proposals, they are placed against the problems. The conclusion is that the organization has quality deficiencies in the internal information flow and needs to establish simple, standardized and easily accessible documentation that is also placed in a defined location. The organization also needs to review and update the documented information.
Pihl, Persson Elin. "Informationsflödet : - olika aktörers förståelse av övergången och överlämningen mellan förskola och förskoleklass." Thesis, Malmö universitet, Malmö högskola, Institutionen för skolutveckling och ledarskap (SOL), 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-42882.
Full textTahir, Renwar, and Tobias Mohlin. "BIMs påverkan på informationsflödet : Kvalitativ undersökning om samverkan mellan projektering och produktion." Thesis, Högskolan i Halmstad, Akademin för ekonomi, teknik och naturvetenskap, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-43001.
Full textKäll, Nathalie, and Rebecca Fransson. "Internet of Things påverkan på informationsflödet : En fallstudie på Saab Training & Simulation." Thesis, Tekniska Högskolan, Högskolan i Jönköping, JTH, Industriell organisation och produktion, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-41485.
Full textPurpose: This study aims to explore how Internet of Things could be integrated in manufacturing companies to reduce the potential inadequacy in an information flow. To achieve this, two research questions were formed:
Method: A pilot study was conducted to help the authors create a picture of the study's problem area. Later a literature study and a case study were conducted. The literature study was conducted to create the theoretical framework and included areas such as Internet of Things, information, communication, information flow and information systems. The case study conducted at a large manufacturing company and was consisted document studies, observations and a focus group. The results of the study are generated through a pairing of the theoretical framework and empirical study.
Findings: The company's information flow was complex and contained a lot of manual management of information and communication. This turned out to create consequences for the information’s reliability, relevance, and timing. It has therefore been found that there are improvement opportunities through an integration of IOT in the information flow. A digitalization of an information flow can lead to creation of standard process and a larger and safer amount of shared information.
Implications: The study contributes theoretically by evaluating how IOT can contribute to innovative ways of working with information flows at manufacturing companies; this by analysing key aspects of a current information flow and IOT. Practically, the study contributes to identifying potential improvements by integrate IOT in a corporate information flow. Limitations: The study is of a one-case-design which limits generalisability. Therefore, other companies may need to examine their specific requirements before taking advantage of the study. The generalization increases slightly due to the broadness of the term IOT and that it can be applied in a wide range of areas. The method chapter has been carefully designed and described to increase the study's reliability.
Luu, Alan, and John Ragnarsson. "Effektivisering av informationsflödet hos ett företag med produktvariation : Fallstudie på A-hus AB." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för maskinteknik (MT), 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-67066.
Full textVestberg, Gustav. "Utredning av material- och informationsflödet i ett köks försörjningskedja : - En kvalitativ studie vid NCC." Thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för samhällsbyggnad och naturresurser, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-77292.
Full textThe construction industry is characterised by project based organisations and temporary supply chains. The fragmentation in this industry is tangible, placing significant communication pressure on supply chain members. Traditionally, companies have worked independently without ties to other members of the supply chain, but experience has shown increasing benefits of cooperation beyond company borders. This change of focus is due to the growing influence of customers, making it essential for suppliers to react to fluctuating changes in trends and produce quality products at low prices. Supply chain management methodshave because of this gained influence since they handle the flow of material, information and financial flow from manufacturing to end customer in order to stay competitive. The development of digitalisation is creating a need for qualitative data on which to base new research regarding how emerging technologies can be implemented to enhance the different flows in the supply chain. In order to measure changes made in the supply chain, the current state of mapping of a kitchens material and information flow can work as a reference and point out problems that could be solved with such technologies. This investigation is based on interviews and observations from the factory of the supplier to the assembly site for a kitchen delivery in an NCC project. Collected data has been analysed through the lens of theories found in the literature review and the material handling process. The kitchen delivery was selected because it’s a common delivery to new construction and renovation projects in the construction industry. Also there is a certain complexity regarding the manufacturing- and the material handling process. The study identified waste in the material and information flows. These concerns apply to material handling on the construction site and both internal and external communication within the project. The aforementioned findings led to the following improvement suggestions for future purchases of the contractor: Ensure that everyone involved in the project has the same view on the purpose and goal for the conducted work. This can reduce the number of potential misunderstandings passing on in the project and later the supply chain. Suppliers and workers should have connection to the purchasing processes during the early stages of planning. Confirm understanding of the terms of delivery and the flexibility of the suppliers. Perform inspection of the intended transport methods of materials ahead of delivery to solve problems related to internal transportation in advance. Plan the purchase in detail to make sure it fits the production phase. Inform involved subcontractors in the project of changes in planning to avoid collision or unnecessary wastes.
Lindstein, Cecilia. "Sociala trender och vardagsteorier - en illustration av informationsflödet rörande amning ur tre unga mammors perspektiv." Thesis, Mittuniversitetet, Institutionen för socialt arbete, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:miun:diva-13351.
Full textKarlsson, Holger. "Får vårdpersonalen bästa tänkbara IT-stöd? : Kartläggning och analys av informationsflödet mellan EPJ systemförvaltning och vårdpersonal." Thesis, Uppsala University, Department of Information Technology, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-129435.
Full textIn health care today at Uppsala County Council the daily work involves spending time at the computer. IT-systems were implemented to support and aid the care givers in their work. Around these systems there is a support organization to support the users in using the system. The aim of this thesis is to investigate this organization in terms of how well it works and how successful it is in helping the users. This has been done by investigating the flow of information trough the organization and by focusing at the role of IT-coordinators with responsibility for support, process development, education and statistics. Interviews have been used in this thesis to achieve this. This thesis shows five main areas that Uppsala County Council should focus on to improve their IT-organization. These areas are: Process development, evaluations, support organization, education and responsibilities.
Grynell, Jessica. ""Man vet inte vad man inte vet". En studie av informationsflödet inom Gatukontoret i Borås Stad." Thesis, Högskolan i Borås, Institutionen Biblioteks- och informationsvetenskap / Bibliotekshögskolan, 2003. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-16292.
Full textUppsatsnivå: D
Amjed, Sabri Barik, and Mohammad Almadani. "Effektiv kommunikation i byggprojekt - En studie med fokus på informationsflödet mellan entreprenörer och myndigheter i byggentreprenader." Thesis, Malmö universitet, Fakulteten för teknik och samhälle (TS), 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-20607.
Full textIn today's construction industry, communication between contractors and authorities in connection with the authorization process can seem to be unsatisfying. There is currently no unified communication model that could lead the exchange of information between authorities and contractors in construction projects. The main purpose of the study is to identify which shortcomings in communication process are common and suggest actions to minimize them. The opinions of the authorities and the contractors in connection with the communication aspect will provide a basis for the conclusions of the study. The methods used in collecting the results of the study are qualitative and consist of semi structured interviews, participatory observations and case studies. The main idea behind the use of multiple data collection methods is to get a good validity in the study as well as to get a reality-based image of the communication in connection with the authorization process in the building works. The swim lane-diagram method is used to analyse the communication process as well as to present a reliable model that can be used as a basis of various actors in the construction industry when applying for building permissions. Causes for shortcomings of communication by the authorities may be due to high workload of government workers and staff shortages. Communication can now happen in different ways depending on which municipality a building project is carried out in. There is currently a transition in the authorization process from application and processing in paper format to a digitized process. In order to streamline the state process in building projects. Digitization can be used to a greater level than what is being done today. Example of digital measures that can benefit the state process is implementation
Hellgren, Mikaela. "Det interna informationsflödet : en studie om de anställdas tillgång till och användning av Volvo Aeros formella informationskanaler." Thesis, University West, Department of Studies of Work, Economics and Health, 2002. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hv:diva-848.
Full textThyr, Alklid John. "Sagan om informationsflödet av feedback från marknaden som inte nådde franchisegivaren : Studie om problem och möjligheter som finns inom klädbranschen när det gäller att säkerställa att informationsflöde gällande feedback från marknaden når franchisegivaren via franchisetagaren." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för organisation och entreprenörskap (OE), 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-35921.
Full textLundström, Sara, and Madeleine Billing. "En metod för att identifiera och reducera slöseri i informationsflödet : En kartläggning från avrop till materialleverans på byggprojekt." Thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för samhällsbyggnad och naturresurser, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-69571.
Full textThe constant flow of information in today’s society, as well as the rapid evolving of digitalisation, has contributed to the requirement of continuous improvement in information management for contractors in the construction industry. However, in the current situation there are no tools or methods that enable mapping of waste in the information flow. Therefore, the aim of this paper is to develop a method for how to identify critical waste in the information flow, from call off to delivery of material at the construction site, and determine the root cause. Furthermore, the intention is also to investigate possibilities with implementation of digital solutions and discuss how it could affect information flow or contribute to reduction of waste. The scope of this study has included an investigation of three suppliers to the construction contractor Skanska. A combined qualitative and a quantitative study has been a basis for the gathering of information. The developed methods were then used to examine the existing waste in the supplier’s information flow. The obtained results clarify that waste in the information flow, from call off to delivery of material at the construction site, occur during external changes, when two individuals produce the same information, when there are constraints in communication channels, missing information or information overload. The identified root causes of these critical wastes were manual transitions of information as well as the configuration between different systems. Two developed digital solutions demonstrate the possibilities in reduction of critical waste in the process. Therefore, the final recommendation is to primarily start by reducing waste that is identified to be most critical in the information flow. To achieve this, a requirement is to take control over the information, by improved course of action and routines for communication.
Blomquist, Emelie, and Ida Håkansson. "Hur organisationers interna informella kommunikation förändras vid snabb tillväx : En fallstudie på operativa chefers uppfattning av det dagliga informationsflödet." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för informatik (IK), 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-78205.
Full textIn order to reach accurate information to the right person on time, an organization's communication needs to work. Communication is therefore fundamental in order to create efficiency and is a contributing factor to their development curve. An organization's communication is usually divided into two different types; formal and informal communication. This study aims to investigate how internal informal communication works for operational units in an organization that is part of a larger network, as well as investigating the difficulties that arise in connection with changes. This in turn can create a greater understanding of growing organizations' communication problems. An abductive method has been used to achieve the purpose of the study and a case study has been conducted to obtain deeper information. Qualitative semi- structured interviews have been conducted to understand the respondents' story and get more nuanced information. The results of the study clarify that the theory and practice are consistent in cases where informal communication causes difficulties as well as what could make it more efficient. The result shows that information overflow and ignorance about the choice of communication channel adversely affect communication. Also, difficulty adjusting the message to the recipient. Furthermore, the perception of the advantages of informal communication is united in literature, however, the respondents point out that perception differs in practice. The conclusion describes the importance of paying attention to growing organizations' internal communications and information flows. The study shows that a communication strategy can contribute to more efficient communication flow for growing organizations. The conclusion also includes recommendations for organizations in growing networks, developed by comparing previous research and theories with the result.
Lindberg, Valdemar. "Konsulatet och pressen : Informationsflödet under tyska ockupationen av Norge genom diplomatisk rapportering och tre svenska tidningars narrativ, juli 1941 och januari 1944." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för idé- och samhällsstudier, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-185780.
Full textSjöstrand, Jessica. "Vad matematiklärare vet och vill veta om nya elever : En kvalitativ fallstudie i lärares syn på informationsflödet vid överlämningar i grundskolan mellan årskurs sex och årskurs sju." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för datavetenskap, fysik och matematik, DFM, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-13048.
Full textEach year more than 100,000 pupils begin grade seven of primary school. By transition between grade six and seven, the receiving school prepares to take over the teaching. How does the transition work at the respective school? How should the transition work, according to mathematics teachers interviewed in this study? They give their vision of equivalent education, individualization, “the red thread” of mathematics education, constructivist teaching and the complexity of the mathematics teacher's mission. The aim of the study is to assess what facilitate the understanding of pupils’ knowledge of mathematics. Matrices of assessment for the transitions process are welcome, but the focus should be on an organizational plan according to the interviewed teachers. Also other processes should be reviewed in order to promote the mathematical learning. The teachers are aware that if you will engage in a constructivist teaching, you need to capture the pupils’ present knowledge. As the teachers never know everything about the individual pupil's real mathematics skills, the chances are greater to give pupils adequate training if the conditions are right. Namely the knowledge about individual pupils' special needs, the ability to have close cooperation with colleagues, opportunity to remedial teaching to pupils who need it. The work is also facilitated if pupils can read and write in Swedish, have previous mathematical knowledge mastering the four rules of arithmetic, understand the meaning of equality, and have both practical and written experience of solving mathematical problems. Motivation to learn is also of great importance for school mathematics.
Hajnal, Balazs, and Taulant Lami. "Effektivisering av informations- och materialflödet på byggarbetsplatsen." Thesis, Högskolan i Borås, Akademin för textil, teknik och ekonomi, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-12806.
Full textThe construction industry's biggest challenge today is the quest for lower costs, higher capacity, lower waste levels and increased efficiency. For this, it is primarily necessary to eliminate waste and non-value-creating activities. Thus, it is important that construction companies begin to take the initiative in mapping current information and material flows to get an idea of the possibilities for finding alternative solutions for efficiency. The purpose of this thesis is to gain insight into what shortfalls as occurs in construction industry and to propose improvements. By analyzing the problems in the information and material flow that arises at the construction site with a focus on efficiency and minimizing waste. At the beginning of the thesis, a literature study of scientific reports, articles and fiction in order to have an overview and knowledge of the subject. Results of the report were carried out by mainly most focus on case studies on the construction site, numerous workplace visits and structured interviews. The data was collected mainly through visits to the construction site in order to obtain information through observations and interviews which were a great help. The interviews were conducted at the project manager and supervisor of the project, Hotell Victor. Furthermore more interviews took place with other projects and companies to get understanding how big a problem it is in general. Several risks were identified on the basis of empirical data, which is raised and described like probable risks occur, and then it is likely that these risks are not exclusive just for AF Gruppen in Gothenburg. The results from the case study indicate, above all that communication between the contractor and supplier could be improved, this would save construction companies time and money. Announcement of the material as arriving until the construction site are integrated for all good and require improvement. Reprogramming, wait and unnecessary movements are few activities that occur.
Härgestam, Mikael, and Joel Eckeskog. "Informationsflöden inom mobila-stationära organisationer." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för informatik, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-45066.
Full textEriksson, Jakob, and Patrik Nilsson. "Effektivisering av informationsflöde vid betongpålning." Thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Geoteknologi, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-61663.
Full textProductivity in the construction industry has for a long time been considered as low compared to other industries. The construction industry has started to adapt strategies that have been successful in other industries to increase the productivity. This report aims to examine how the information flow during foundation of concrete piles can be more efficient. The study is based on Skanska Sweden AB for the region of Skanska foundation. Concrete piling is one of the foundation activities that Skanska foundation performs. To create an understanding about the information flow, the authors had to identify the existing working method that was used today. The aim was then based on the current state to formulate a future state with a greater efficiency in the flow of information. BIM has begun to be implemented as a working method in the construction sector and have therefore been investigated in the report as an opportunity for an improved flow of information. To identify the production process for concrete piling within the company the authors have used value stream mapping. The method is a way of mapping a specific process, where the product that the customer wants is followed. The analysis originating from Toyotas method which today is referred to as lean. The mapping of concrete piling started from the transport of the factory to the pile was handed over to the customer. During the mapping the authors follows the material flow and the information flow related to the material during the process. The collection of data for the value stream mapping was done based on interviews and observations. To understand the possibility of implementations carried out a questionnaire and interviews, regarding the use of BIM in Skanska foundation. The use of BIM within the organization differs between the different professional groups, civil servants and skilled workers. The questionnaire survey was conducted on five projects in the Stockholm area. Among civil servants eight of 19 worked with BIM weekly or more often, while 16 of 17 skilled workers never had worked with BIM at all. The results of value stream analysis were collected from the two projects, the FSE 105 Concrete tunnel at Kungens kurva and interchange Vega. Based on the results the authors have formulated two areas of improvements. The first improvement is about release measuring through machine control and the second are about digitization of documents. Implementation of machine control on a pile driver does not need a long time to pay off financially. From the results, about 170,000 SEK can be saved per year and machine if machine control would be implemented on the pile drivers. There are more positive effects that have been observed during the study but these effects have not been measured. However, there are obstacles in the usability and technology today that require manual intervention at certain stages. For the development of BIM among the employees there are great gains through simplified information flow. With that there comes difficulties since a large proportion of employees is hindered by technology.
Christine, Zeller. "Kommunikations- besluts- och informationsflöden i byggprocessen." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Byggteknik, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-210162.
Full textOlsson, Axel, and Jennifer Forsberg. "Designprinciper för ökad transparens till informationsflöden." Thesis, Högskolan i Halmstad, Människa och Informationsteknologi (MI-lab), 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-31854.
Full textAldrig tidigare har det spridits så mycket information om människor och hur de agerar på sociala medier. Digitala tjänsters utveckling har bidragit till att användare har möjlighet att kommunicera genom text, ljud-, bild- och videomaterial. Något som inte är lika tydligt i kommunikation på sociala medier är de sociala signaler, t.ex. ett leende, som människor använder varje dag. Signaler som kan hjälpa människor att uppfatta och tolka situationer och därmed också avgöra hur de på bästa sätt kan agera med och mot andra. För att hantera all information som sprids i sociala medier, används dolda processer som reglerar och fördelar innehållet. Användarna har en bristande kunskap om hur och varför specifik information visas just för dem, vilket riskerar att ge dem en felaktig uppfattning om sina informationsflöden. Den här studien har behandlat dessa problem utifrån kontexten informationsflöden på sociala medier. Studien undersöker hur informationsflöden kan designas för ökad transparens till andra användare, information och till dolda processer. En kvalitativ forskningsansats har genomförts där insamlad data legat till grund för de fem designprinciper som formulerats. Designprinciperna har byggts in i en prototyp som därefter utvärderats. Resultatet visar att de bidrar till ökad transparens och verkar inom de tre definierade dimensionerna: identitetstransparens, informationstransparens och interaktionstransparens. Designprinciperna adresserar de aspekter som identifierats och kan därmed också bidra till öka transparens i informationsflöden.
Andersson, Victor. "Pappersfria informationsflöden : En fallstudie om implementeringsprocessen." Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Industriell ekonomi, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-27613.
Full textAlthough computers have been around for a long time and are used more and more, the use of paper inoffices remains. One of the reasons is that there are not good enough digital tools to get rid of paper from work. In this qualitative case study, the office department of ABB Components is investigating on how the implementation processes for a paperless information flows can be introduced in ways that generate benefits of working digitally. The result of this study will be based on data collected from interviews and observations carriedout in the office. By identifying which processes using paper in the office, different tools have been developed to facilitate the implementation. The result of this study suggests that the implementation of a paperless information flows must be a well-planned change process where tools are developed to compensate for the earlier use of paper. With the introduction of paperless information flows, the use of consumables will decrease and the location it takes to store these papers will disappear. This leads to more cost-effective work and less waste paper. In order for this concept to lead to a more beneficial routine it needs to be redesigned for the implementation.
Salenius, Lundberg Hanneli. "Informationsflöde i projektprocessen för prefabricerade byggnader." Thesis, KTH, Bro- och stålbyggnad, 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-36937.
Full textKesetovic, Zlatan. "Kvalitetssäkring av informationsflöde för att förebygga arbetsskador." Thesis, Halmstad University, School of Business and Engineering (SET), 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-752.
Full textDen här uppsatsen har genomförts i samarbete med Zinkgruvan Mining AB. Gruvan
tillhör Lundin Mining Corporation som är en snabbväxande zinkkoncern. Företaget satsar
mycket på säkerhet som resulterade i att Zinkgruvan hade en bra arbetsskadeutveckling
t.o.m. 2004 som var det bästa året någonsin. Men tyvärr 2005 bröts fallande tendens och
arbetsskadorna steg två år i rad och har fördubblats i slutet av 2006 jämfört med 2004. En
av de möjliga orsakerna för detta är störningar under informationsöverföring inom
företaget. Det här projektet är ett försök att kvalitetssäkra informationsflöden som i sin tur
skulle bidra till mindre arbetsskador.
En genomgång av kända teorier och metoder har gjorts och valts de mest lämpliga
teorierna och metoderna. Informationssamling ägde rum med hjälp av enkät, intervjuer,
observationer samt informella samtal. Valda metoder gav tillfredställande resultat som
senare analyserades med hjälp av vissa statistiska metoder. Till hjälp var författarens egen
erfarenhet som anställd i Zinkgruvan.
Analysen gav tips om målgrupper och åtgärder som skulle genomföras. Tydligen har
entreprenörer men även yngre och mindre erfarna arbetare vissa svårigheter vid
informationsmottagning. Därför behöver de här grupperna mer uppmärksamhet, men
samtidigt får man inte glömma andra grupper. Rekommendationer ges i en lista vars
genomförande skulle eliminera kommunikationsrelaterade arbetsskador.
Projektet kan bli ett bra underlag för kommande aktiviteter och ett steg till mot slutmålet
– skadefri arbetsmiljö.
Petrén, Urban. "projektering av portal för dokument och informationsflöde." Thesis, Högskolan i Borås, Institutionen Ingenjörshögskolan, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-19892.
Full textAlmqvist, Daniel, and Magnus Jansson. "Förbättrat informationsflöde med hjälp av Augmented Reality." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för informations- och kommunikationsteknik (ICT), 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-177463.
Full textAugmented Reality is a technology where an object is introduced in front of a picture or a similar media using the camera on a mobile device. There are several different ways to use the Augmented Reality technology, research in the field has therefore been made. An example of an area where the technology can be used is advertisement. Since advertisement is something everyone is confronted with daily, but usually the advertisement can be seen as boring or is something many do not even notice. Through a Augmented Reality prototype, users can register both patterns and speech and get the required data from a database. It can create an interactive event that displays the information in a unique way, where everyone, even people with disabilities can take part of the information they usually can not take part of. This interactive event gives life to the previously tedious advertisement or information posters. The result of the report is a prototype on the mobile platform Android using Augmented Reality technology and the prototype has many features. It can use voice recognition and keywords to access additional information about the keyword. The testing of this prototype shows that many are in favour of the use of the prototype and they see it as an interesting way to get the information. That is why they are willing use the application themselves to get their own advertising in a unique and appealing way.
Geiborg, Victoria. "Viktiga faktorer för Kommunikations- och Informationsflöden inom projekt." Thesis, Växjö University, School of Mathematics and Systems Engineering, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:vxu:diva-5032.
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Abstract
”We are living in a time of project. Everything becomes project. All development, all efficient,
all changes are running as project”. (Wenell, 2001).
To succeed with a project it is very important that the communication- and information
flow is working in the project. In Ericsson´s project model PROPS and Wenell´s project
model there is a communication plan as a part in the model. This communication plan is
guidelines how to handle the communication and information in the project, and also who
are in charge of that the project members stick to the plan.
The most important factors to succeed with the communications- and information’s flow
in a project are the communication plan. There are also other factors that are very important
to think about. Some factors to mention are the individual and the teamwork, the leadership
and how we understand information. To get a well functioned communication- and
information flow in the project it is very important to see the over all picture, that all the
factors have to function.
Saarela, Markus, and Mats Bäckman. "Integrering av Lean-DMAIC för ett effektivare informationsflöde." Thesis, Mittuniversitetet, Avdelningen för informationssystem och -teknologi, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:miun:diva-30832.
Full textFöretag har under historiens gång kommit att förstå vikten av kvalitetsarbete för att vara konkurrenskraftiga på marknaden. Processutveckling är en naturlig del av kvalitetsarbete och det finns olika filosofier och verktyg tillgängliga för ändamålet, exempelvis Lean Production (Lean) och Sex Sigma. Forskningsläget av dessa program är välstuderade, men kunskapen om kombinationen av Lean och Sex Sigmas arbetsmetodologi Define-Measure-Analyze-Improve-Control (DMAIC) är lägre. Målet med undersökning är därför att integrera Lean med DMAIC och syftet är att utreda huruvida DMAIC är konsistent med teorier om Lean. Studiens frågeställning har varit hur Lean-DMAIC kan användas för att minimera avvikelser i informationsflöden i ett globalt produktionsföretag. Syftet uppnås med hjälp av en litteraturstudie, frågeställningen besvaras med hjälp av en fallstudie och målet med en kombination av studierna. Fallstudiens arbetssätt baseras på DMAIC som metodologi för arbetets struktur, medan Leans filosofi genomsyrar arbetet samtidigt som dess verktyg utnyttjas. Resultatet visade att Lean-DMAIC fungerar simultant, både teoretiskt och praktiskt, för att upptäcka avvikelser i informationsflöden. Därmed har undersökningens mål uppfyllts. Efter studien gick det att konstatera huruvida en bättre frågeställning hade varit hur Sex Sigma är konsistent med Lean, eftersom DMAIC är en metod framför filosofi. DMAIC gav steg-för-steg metoden för hur arbeten utformades och processen undersöktes, medan Lean gav verktyg och rätt tankesätt för att lyckas. Detta resulterade i förbättringsåtgärder åt företaget där fallstudien genomfördes.
Liceson, Zeki. "Informationsflöde i organisationer : En fallstudie inom Växjö kommun." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för datavetenskap, fysik och matematik, DFM, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-9960.
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