Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Infrastructures de transport – Finances'
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Danau, Daniel. "The role of market uncertainty in infrastructure projects : a theoretical analysis." Lyon 2, 2007. http://theses.univ-lyon2.fr/documents/lyon2/2007/danau_d.
Full textLa thèse traite des principales problématiques économiques liées aux décisions de financement des infrastructures de transport. Tout d'abord, nous montrons que l'option d’investissement intègre à l'optimum une autre option, celle d'une exploitation variable du service, élement souvent absent dans la littérature relative à la valeur réelle d'options. Sur cette base, nous trouvons que la valeur économique de l'attente peut être diminuée par rapport au modèle standard, et peut être d'autant plus dans la situation où la demande est plus inélastique. Ensuite, nous montrons que dans un marché où la demande est aléatoire, l'efficacité d'un partenarial public privé est établie si le partenaire public contrôle la structure du capital privé. Nous trouvons que le levier financier de la firme doit être suffisamment faible, spécialement quand des problèmes de hasard moral existent dans l'activité. Finalement, nous montrons que les participants dans une enchère pour un contract de franchise de monopole augmentent leur participation quand ils attendent une renégociation. Ainsi, les participations augmentent avec l'incertitude de la demande, ce qui a in fine un effet négatif sur l'efficacité sociale. Notre résultat montre que le mécanisme standard d'enchère doit être amélioré, afin d'augmenter l'efficacité des partenariats public privés
Baumstark, Luc. "Tarification de l'usage des infrastructures et théorie de l'allocation optimale des ressources : de la logique de la couverture des coûts à la logique de la révélation des préférences." Lyon 2, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997LYO22027.
Full textThe issue of infrastructure pricing has always been one of the major preoccupations of economists. Today more than ever, with the deregulation of the transport sector, it is in the spotlight of economic and political discussions, like most network goods. Theorists in public regulation have especially looked into the pricing procedures, which play a major role in the allocation of scarce resources. In this context, the pricing system has both avoiding waste of resources and situations in which demand of mobility is not properly satisfied. These theoretical objectives lead, on the one hand, to base pricing on investment and infrastructure funding, on the other hand to base pricing on way to regulate congested infrastructures, and lastly to base pricing on internalization of environmental externalities. The debates about infrastructure usage pricing are often limited to the costs which have to be charged on users. The theoretical analysis means further and requires to tackle pricing system as a way to force economic actors to reveal their willingness to pay in order to assure the realization of the social surplus. The actors concerned are just as well national or local authorities, citizen, users, taxpayers, as transport operators which appear with the spread of demand mobility
Pham, Phi Long. "La Réforme de l'Etat et des entreprises au Vietnam : le cas des infrastructures de transport." Phd thesis, Ecole des Ponts ParisTech, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00355934.
Full textLe terrain retenu pour nos analyses est celui de la réalisation des infrastructures de transport. Nos analyses révèlent l'incomplétude des règles et des mécanismes de coordination. Elles montrent aussi un manque de coopération et de coordination entre les acteurs-organisations et entre les individus-salariés des entreprises d'état de travaux publics du Vietnam. Dans ce contexte, nous mettons l'accent sur les facteurs organisationnels dans la réforme des administrations de l'Etat et des entreprises au d'état au Vietnam.
Bento, Nuno. "La transition vers une économie de l'hydrogène : infrastructures et changement technique." Phd thesis, Grenoble, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00463857.
Full textFeurra, Frank. "Le financement des infrastructures de transport : "Problématique de gestion appliquée au système ferroviaire en général et à la SNCF en particulier" : analyse et modélisation financière." Aix-Marseille 2, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997AIX24011.
Full textJi, Zhi Ping. "Transport combiné ou transport routier ? Etude des facteurs de choix entre deux systèmes de transport intérieur de fret." Phd thesis, Ecole Nationale des Ponts et Chaussées, 1994. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00529459.
Full textAdamiak-Forte, Adrien. "Infrastructures et Territoires : une contribution à la modélisation des interactions entre transports et télécommunications en Economie géographique." Phd thesis, Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Etienne, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00665934.
Full textGressler, Frank. "Efektyvus miesto transporto projektų finansų valdymas." Doctoral thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2008. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2008~D_20080602_143257-53504.
Full textFinance management during implementation of urban transport projects is rather complicated because of insufficient financing and it needs coordination because of number of financial sources. The aim of the study – develop methods, algorithms and computer programs, which enable project mangers to solve finance management issues during all project phases. The main tasks to achieve the goals are: 1. To analyze financial issues and difficulties during implemented urban transport infrastructure’s projects, and to evaluate factors having influence on finance management during all project phases. 2. To evaluate influence of possible changes in project’s structure or part of the project on general project’s expenses. 3. To estimate, where it is possible to allocate various financial sources to separate project segments. 4. To develop algorithms and computer programs, which enable project mangers to evaluate economical, technical project works and its price. 5. Under insufficient financing or strict restrictions, the additional financing sources should be provided or extend of works should be decreased, part of these works relocated to further-coming projects.
Lavrinenko, Petr. "Public-private partnership in the case of huge infrastructure projects. The example of High-Speed Railway Moscow - Kazan." Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PSLEH070/document.
Full textThis paper analyzes global trends in financing large infrastructure projects in the transport sector, identifying the distinctive features of financing in developed and developing countries. A new financing mechanism is proposed in the context of strict budgetary constraints through the use of a number of indirect economic effects arising from improved transport accessibility of individual territories. As the subject of the analysis, there was a project of the construction of a high-speed railway in Russia Moscow-Kazan
Koning, Martin. "Essais sur la congestion dans les transports à Paris." Phd thesis, Université Panthéon-Sorbonne - Paris I, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00717656.
Full textLee, Chang-Woon. "L'impact de l'efficacité du transport urbain sur la productivité de la ville." Phd thesis, Ecole Nationale des Ponts et Chaussées, 1997. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00523622.
Full textDa, Silva Stéphanie. "La sécurité des infrastructures de transport." Montpellier 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008MON10049.
Full textOn March 24th, 1999, a fire swept through the Mont Blanc tunnel, Results: 39 victims. How such a disaster could happen? People wonder about it. The powerful French Republic react, the Law n°2002-3 from January 3rd 2002 is published. Two targets are clearly identified by the legislator: Secure transportation infrastructure (prevent the risks) and work on feedback after each incident, in a way to avoid that disaster happen again. Several legal text (national or european) are voted to reinforce them. Following the Law n°2002-3 from January 3rd 2002, many others law from various legal branches were added: for example, public building, and urbanism etc … Nevertheless, the security does not stop in the limitation, in the abolition of the risk; anticipate the actions to be led facing these events are also important. So, operational planning (internal and external) also represents a critical part: It is necessary to foresee the actions of every actor in front of the event. Next to aspects prevention and forecast, we must take care of the return of experience provided by internal actions or investigations performed when these incidents happen. Finally, the transportation infrastructure are subjected to security standards, it could be explain in one way because of the risks related to the transportation infrastructure themselves and in another way for their impacts on existing risks. The security in transportation infrastructure is completely integrated in the “Culture of the security” philosophy
Echui, Aka. "Le transport des produits vivriers en Côte d'Ivoire : enjeux et stratégies pour le développement." Phd thesis, Ecole Nationale des Ponts et Chaussées, 1993. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00529423.
Full textLopez, Alexia. "Enjeux psychosociaux des grandes infrastructures de transport." Phd thesis, Aix-Marseille Université, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00984129.
Full textBertomeu, Salvador. "Essays on the economics, politics and finance of infrastructure." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/316958.
Full textDoctorat en Sciences économiques et de gestion
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
LAFFORGUE, FRANCOIS. "Environnement et infrastructures de transport terrestre en europe." Paris 11, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA111012.
Full textThe growth of the transport by land network in europe raises many questions about the protection of the environment. European law provides some answers, including the provision of legal instruments to include the environment in decision process. In 1985, the community institutions adopted the council directive 85 337 on the environmental assessment of some private and public projects. This was the first step tpwards the integration of environmental concerns into the approval procedure of road and railway projects. This directive is, however, limited to the project level; the environment is therefore not taken into consideration during the decision stage. The european community has already intervened in community financing procedures of roads and railways regarding environmental matters. They now have to intervene during the initial stage of the decision-making process, that is, at the level of plans, politics and programmes which concern national and european transport networks
Girardet, Xavier. "Paysage & [et] infrastructures de transport : modélisation des impacts des infrastructures sur les réseaux écologiques." Phd thesis, Université de Franche-Comté, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01069242.
Full textLyonnet, du Moutier Michel. "Financement sur projet et conflits d'agence : l'exemple de grandes infrastructures à péage." Orléans, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002ORLE0506.
Full textGleyze, Jean-François. "La vulnérabilité structurelle des réseaux de transport dans un contexte de risques." Paris 7, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA070025.
Full textThe increasing importance of natural and technological disasters have lead societies to take an interest in the risks prevention and prediction. A way to reduce risks consists in reducing the vulnerability of the threatened items, that is their propensity to be damaged. Among these items, the transport network are particularly interesting because they are threatened not only in a material way (damaging to the infrastructure), but also in a functional way (damaging the use) through the damaging to their structural properties (then relation opportunities offered by the networks). In order to understand and to forecast the functional disturbances of a transport network threatened by a disaster, it is relevant to define and evaluate the vulnerability of its structure, that is of the networks lattice out of any use consideration, and to understand the underlying relational organization. In that respect, we first have to build a framework adapted to such structural study, that is to define the data structure, the assumptions, the modelisation choices ans the necessary tools. Then we propose a definition of the vulnarability and we develop tools for its evaluation and its caracterization. According to the interests and the limits of such tools, we propose at last to improve the caracterization of the vulnerability by highlighting the structural properties which explain the different vulnerability levels on th network. This research is lead on several real networks which bring up various scales and whose features are interesting within a risk context
Westlund, Hans. "Kommunikationer, tillgänglighet, omvandling : en studie av samspelet mellan kommunikationsnät och näringsstruktur i Sveriges mellanstora städer 1850-1970 /." Umeå : University of Umeå, 1992. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb39148213f.
Full textLaroche, Florent. "Economie politique des infrastructures ferroviaires." Thesis, Lyon 2, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LYO22016/document.
Full textThere is still much progress to make concerning the French and the European railway networks, both from governance and competitiveness standpoints. This is the conclusion this work lead to. The results from the Enerdata-LET research consortium (2014) illustrate that, considering factor 4 for horizon 2050, the modal shift of demand in transport towards railway could be massive. Regarding this, the situation of Paris-Lyon high-speed line, already up to its saturation level, addresses the issue of the capacity a system possesses to bear new traffics. Two schools oppose there. On one side, the supporters of the SNIT suggest a quasi-doubling of the high-speed railway network, in order to cope with futures needs, whereas on the other side, the “Mobilité 21” commission gives priority to the search of increasing returns from the existing infrastructure. Without claiming to solve the issue, this work attempts to bring up comprehension elements on the interaction between demand and offer in the railway sector.Studying the accordance between an increase in railway demand and offer leads us to question performance. It means being able to define capacity of the railway infrastructure, first. But it also means questioning its limits, which addresses the phenomenon of saturation, also called congestion. Eventually, this all inevitably leads to put into perspective the relativeness of these limits and to question the ways to overcome them. The objective of this research is to apply this issue to the railway system, accounting its specificities. We consider its constitution as a network industry and as a natural monopoly, when considering the infrastructure (infrastructure manager). Without pretending to conclude the debate on governance, we consider that this particularity might influence actors and, thus, performance. We also consider the legal framework at the European scale. One can’t question performance without framing the railway sector within its legal context. Then, the main purpose of the analysis stands in the study of saturation of the Paris-Lyon high-speed line. We consider the line as representative of the expected performance level of the whole French railway network. It challenges both technical and economic capacities that are in the core of our rationale on performance, its requirements and the opportunities of the French network
Ahmad, Salman. "Exploring the private finance initiative (PFI) in the UK's transport sector of roads : a governmentality perspective." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 2014. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.675941.
Full textJoalland, Olivier. "Les mesures d’accompagnement comme facteurs d’insertion territoriale des infrastructures de transport d’électricité." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019BORD0012/document.
Full textThe aim is to explore different mechanisms (compensations, incentives) to respond to local demands for the implementation of electricity transmission infrastructures. The thesis is structured around three research axes: 1-Economic valuation of the impacts of power lines on property values 2-How to share compensation between municipalities 3-Local demand for compensatory mechanisms
Aboulkacem, El Mehdi. "Infrastructures de transport urbain et frictions du marché du travail." Thesis, Lille 1, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LIL12021/document.
Full textWe explore in this thesis some aspects of the role played by the urban transport infrastructures in reducing the labor market frictions caused by the spatial separation between the places of residence and the job opportunities locations. To do so, this thesis is written in three chapters.In the first, we build a series of spatial matching functions linking jobless workers to vacant positions. These functions depend on the transport infrastructures parameters and are not conditional on the structure of the city in which the matching process occurs. In the second chapter we present an innovative public policy evaluation instrument used for measuring the impact of the Paris region transport infrastructures performances on the local unemployment rates and for predicting the impact of the Grand Paris Express on these rates. This instrument can be used in other contexts and for other regions. Last but not least, the third chapter analyses the determinants of the home-workplace distance of two-worker households' workers living in Paris region. The objective is to provide some clues to understand the transportation demand generated by the constant growth of the part of this kind of households and to anticipate it while designing the future planning policies
Malyadi-Rachi, Sanaâ. "Aménagement du territoire au Maroc : infrastructures de transport et disparités régionales." Thesis, Aix-Marseille 3, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011AIX32014.
Full textThis thesis examines the role of transport infrastructures in the economic growth and reducing regional disparities, with an application to the issue of the land planning in Morocco. This issue will demonstrate as whether the transport infrastructures can be a veritable tool for economic development. The work is structured in two parts and four chapters. The first part takes the form of a review of theoretical and empirical literature on the role of transport infrastructure in the land planning and reducing regional disparities. The first chapter is devoted to a presentation of new theories of economic geography and endogenous growth, which intend to explain the regional disparities. The second chapter discusses the effects of transport infrastructure on the location of economic agents and the processes of urban activities. The second part of the paper develops an empirical study using panel data which aims to test the impact of transport infrastructure on a sample of 16 Moroccan regions. The third chapter is intended to describe the sample and variables of the model used, and the explanation of methodological choices. Finally, the fourth and final chapter presents and discusses the different results.Transport infrastructures appear to have a positive impact on the economic growth. Their role in reducing inter-regional disparities remains unclear. Given our results, it seems to allow a reduction in the gap between the five richest regions, without allowing the regions to make up these regions
Mitsiopoulou, Sofia. "Le marché des infrastructures de transport : les aéroports et les ports." Thesis, Paris 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA010312.
Full textThe liberalization of air and maritime transport has resulted in the transformation of the respective infrastructures, in order to facilitate competition between transport operators. However, the most remarkable change has been the development of competition between them. In spite of the particular tasks of general interest assigned to the infrastructures of transport and although each infrastructure taken separately holds a considerable market power, airports and ports are susceptible to competitive pressure. Indeed, the natural monopoly characteristics have been relativized due to the mobility in the economy of transport. Both airports and ports often become simple links in the competitive strategies of carriers, which constitute their powerful counterparts. The law responded to this economic phenomenon, by dismantling state monopolies, proceeding to their privatization or decentralization. Therefore, this tendency has led to a competition between emerged operators, for and within the "market of infrastructures". This market is certainly "hetero-determined", which means that it is highly dependent of the competition in the market of transport. Thus, the definition of the relevant market takes into account the market of transport. Besides, the possible forms of competition or cooperation between infrastructures are determined by the carrier strategies
Rieber, Arsène. "Impact du capital public sur la productivité et la croissance." Paris 13, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA131034.
Full textThis thesis considers the relationship between public capital stock and aggregate productivity and growth. We define "public capital" as community facilities, or "core infrastructure" (streets and highways, water supply. . . ) which function as an input to the private production function. A first part contains the theoretical framework of our research: public capital stock fits into the core of the dynamic of endogenous growth models. The discussion center first on fiscal distortions generated by infrastructure financing: in this perspective, our formalization results on a contradiction between long term and short term view of government policy. In a second model, the interaction between public capital accumulation and revenue growth leads to an endogenous dynamics with multiple equilibria: this result allows tentative interpretations of economic divergence between countries. The empirical studies, linking productivity and growth to public capital, are expounded in a second part. On one hand, we estimate the theoretical relationship between public infrastructure and growth by a "solow augmented" model: the results offer a statistical reliability of the important role of the former on the latter. On the other hand, the pattern of causality discerned in our theoretical framework are empirically studied: it exhibits a bi, directional causality. The last part of our research considers the impact of public infrastructure on industrial location. In this perspective, a model of economic geography is exhibited: trade integration implies that firms tend to locate in countries with better infrastructure. In other words, differentials of public capital endowments can magnify polarization of industrial activities. This dynamic spatial model is confirmed by our empirical results: for this purpose, we have estimated the determinants of foreign direct investment within the european community
Goulou, Jean-Richard Armand. "Territorialisation et infrastructures de transport et de communication : cas du Congo-Brazzaville." Bordeaux 4, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003BOR40045.
Full textIn line with the government'saims, territorialisation in Congo-Brazzaville enables the integration of a political dimension in the communication and transportation infrastructures? The territory of Congo-Brazzaville, populated by ethnic groups including the m'bochi, teke and kongo is characterized by three groups of regions located in the northern, southern and central areas of the country. The geographical conditions in these regions are varied as restrictive and have been enhanced with transportation and communication network. The territorial and administrative organisation applied to these regions since the colonial period has evolued by trial and error. Furthermore, they are developed complex social structures and generated some disparity not only in the various. .
Harizi, Riadh. "Infrastructures de transport et développement économique : une analyse cliométrique sur données tunisiennes." Montpellier 1, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007MON10069.
Full textMallah, Nada. "Faisabilité des projets d'infrastructure au Liban." Lyon 3, 2010. https://scd-resnum.univ-lyon3.fr/in/theses/2010_in_mallah_n.pdf.
Full textThis thesis provides a qualified reflection on the weak infrastructure projects sector and trends in Lebanon, as being a country which confronted a thirty year of civil war in the past, leading to a major abolition of its macroeconomic sectors and drastic escalation of its internal and external debts. The development of the infrastructure sector in Lebanon has been rated out as poor. The foresaid sector brazened out a lack in financing, inflated cost per kilometer at execution, and aggressive corruption at front line. The registration of constant public revenues and expenses gap commanded, through out the years, the legislative budget to incur continuous deficit. Part of debts acquired has been misused in roads infrastructure projects. Most of theses investments have not reach its development alleviation goal due to un-accurate feasibility studies, corruptive public environment, and delays in payments to contractors, all jeopardizing the quality of projects deliverables, and contractors financial exposures. Therefore, a Public Private Partnership formula is seen as a major effective strategy to lessen and improve the condition of the Lebanon roads infrastructure sector. The first part of this thesis is a qualitative research exposing the multiple economic development strategies, with a stress on the transportation development sector, that has been executed by Lebanon government. In the second part, the research is more focused on the assessment of different financial theories and practices used, by public institutions, in the financial analysis of transportation infrastructure projects, with a complete elaboration on the methodologies for the development of proper project appraisal document (business plan) for infrastructure project. As for the third part, it is concentrated over the analysis of multiple costs factors related to land transportation projects , with comprehensive assessment of a financial feasibility study of a substantial highway road in south of Lebanon, and the proposition for the adoption of public private partnership projects (PPP). The conclusion has been provisioned to wrap up the thesis and identify hope for Lebanon future
Mestre, Catherine. "L'axe durancien : aménagement et transport /." Paris ; Budapest ; Turin : l'Harmattan, 2002. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb38907463q.
Full textCapacle, Vivian Helena. "O problema do transporte rodoviario para o escoamento da soja produzida no Centro-Oeste brasileiro." [s.n.], 2007. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/285443.
Full textDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Economia
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Resumo: A região Centro-Oeste do país se destaca como um pólo produtor de soja, constituindo-se em um exemplo típico de região de fronteira. A expansão para a área de fronteira agrícola foi incentivada pelo governo, entre os anos 60-70, amparada por uma base infra-estrutural de transportes rodoviários. A partir dos anos 80, pela crise fiscal do Estado, o setor agrícola perde o apoio que tinha e a malha rodoviária brasileira perde participação nos recursos públicos para investimentos em sua ampliação, conservação e restauração. A escassez de investimentos nas rodovias brasileiras tem reflexos sobre a competitividade internacional da soja dos cerrados, uma vez que o principal modal utilizado para o escoamento dessa produção para os portos das Regiões Sul e Sudeste, onde se concentra o seu escoamento é o modal rodoviário cujas vias estão em estado precário de conservação, com destaque para trechos das rodovias BR 163 e BR 364 que são vias importantes na região do Centro-Oeste para a movimentação da produção de soja. Por conta disso, 25% da receita de vendas desta produção está comprometida com os custos internos de transportes, em decorrência da inadequação desse modal às características do produto e às longas distâncias percorridas aliado ao estado precário de conservação da malha rodoviária do país. O objetivo dessa dissertação é demonstrar o problema do transporte da soja produzida na Região Centro-Oeste do país concentrado no modal rodoviário, identificando a ineficiência desse modal. Apontam-se perspectivas e possíveis soluções pela alternativa de concessões rodoviárias e de Parcerias Público-Privadas (PPP) para reverter o estado precário das rodovias brasileiras, além de analisar o uso de modais mais eficientes para o escoamento dessa produção. Concluí-se que os modais hidroviários e ferroviários são mais eficientes para o escoamento da soja do Centro-Oeste do país, em relação ao uso isolado da rodovia, em razão da maior eficiência energética e da maior produtividade para a movimentação de cargas de maior densidade ?maiores distâncias, o que conferiria custos menores de circulação. É o momento de se pensar na matriz de transportes de cargas do pais de forma a desenvolver a intermodalidade com uma oferta maior dos transportes hidroviários e ferroviários além de revitalizar a malha rodoviária para positivas contribuições à economia do país
Abstract: The Center-Western region of the country is known to be a soy production center, being a typical example of frontier region. The agriculture frontier expansion had been encouraged by the government between the 60's and 70's, based on a road transportation infra-structure. At the beginning of the 80's, because of a governmental fiscal crises, the agricultural sector lost its support, and the road infra-structure and conservation lost its investment, due to the lost of participation on public resources. The lack of investment on Brazilian roads reflected on the soy international competition, since the main transportation used to deliver this product to the ports at the South and South-Eastern regions of the country, is made by road¿s, which are in poor states of conservation, highlighting some parts of BR 163 and BR 364, which are very important roads to distribute the soy production at the Center-Western region. For this reason, 25% of this products sales are already accounted for internal transportation costs, due to the inadequacy of the roads to the characteristics of this product and the long distances that have to be filled and the bad conservation state of the Brazilian roads. The objective of this dissertation is to show the soy production transportation problems at the Center-Western region of the country, due to the concentration of this transportation on the road modal, identifying the inefficiency of such modal. There are a few alternatives appointed, such as road concessions and Public-Private Partnership (PPP), the reverse the offal state of the Brazilian roads and to analyze the use of more efficient transportation modals. Concluding that the use of river and rail-road transportation modals are more efficient to transport the soy from the Center-Western region of the country, in relation to exclusive use of roads. This is due to a higher energetic and transportation efficiency due to the movement of higher density cargo at higher distances, what would reduce circulation costs. This is the moment to reflect on the cargo transportation matrix in the country, in such a form to develop a higher river and rail-road offer and to revitalize the roads for positive contributions to the countries economy
Mestrado
Economia Agricola e Agraria
Mestre em Desenvolvimento Econômico
Danau, Daniel Bonnafous Alain. "The role of market uncertainty in infrastructure projects." Lyon : Université Lumière Lyon 2, 2007. http://theses.univ-lyon2.fr/sdx/theses/lyon2/2007/danau_d.
Full textGuinard, Eric. "INFRASTRUCTURES DE TRANSPORT AUTOROUTIÈRES ET AVIFAUNE : LES FACTEURS INFLUENÇANT LA MORTALITÉ PAR COLLISION." Phd thesis, Ecole pratique des hautes études - EPHE PARIS, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00957522.
Full textOulmakki, Ouail. "Impact des infrastructures de transport sur la croissance économique : le cas du Maroc." Thesis, Montpellier, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015MONTD042/document.
Full textTransport infrastructures are public goods. Their importance is demonstrated in the literature since the seminal works of the endogenous growth theory, new economic geography, as well as empirical studies conducted in several countries. Our research focuses on the transport infrastructure in developing countries with an application to the case of Morocco. This thesis is divided in two parts. The first one highlights the role of transport infrastructure in the economy through a review of theoretical and empirical literature and the presentation of different econometric modeling approaches. Then, we study the case of Morocco by using econometric approach of vector error correction model to analyze the long-term dynamic relationships between GDP, public capital and the causality effects. Then, we demonstrate with an autoregressive model the impact of highway investments on GDP / capita and improving accessibility. The second part of our research focuses on the effects of transport infrastructure on the economic growth of 16 Moroccan regions, and the differences between these regions as a result of road and highway public capital allocation. We follow in our research Charlot (1999), Charlot and Schmitt (2002) on French regions, and Marquez, Ramajo and Hewings (2011) applied on Spanish provinces. After, we study the evolution of urban primacy in Morocco by focusing our analysis to the structural role of transport infrastructure. We use gravity models to explore spatial interactions between Moroccan regions. Finally, we are interested in the region of Tangier in Morocco. We study the case of the Tangier-Med port as transport infrastructure. We analyze the impacts of this port on the economic dynamics of this region and the location of productive activities
Kombo, Edmond Espérance. "Le Développement des infrastructures de transport, processus de reconquête et de réaménagement de l'espace." Lille 3 : ANRT, 1986. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb375948545.
Full textPeñalver, Rojo Domingo. "Intergenerational redistributive effects due to the financing formula of investments in transport infrastructure : a microeconomic analysis." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/667464.
Full textLas inversiones en grandes proyectos de infraestructura de transporte comportan una movilización significativa de recursos económicos. Para analizar si se realiza un uso eficiente de estos recursos, los responsables de la toma de decisiones suelen evaluar la rentabilidad socieconómica de la inversión mediante un análisis coste-beneficio (ACB). Este análisis se lleva a cabo teniendo en cuenta los efectos del proyecto para la sociedad en su conjunto, sin tener en cuenta quiénes reciben los beneficios y quiénes sufren los costos. Sin embargo, las grandes inversiones en proyectos de transporte a menudo persiguen favorecer ciertos grupos sociales, territorios, etc. Estos objetivos, idealmente establecidos en los programas políticos de los responsables de la toma de decisiones, a menudo implican efectos redistributivos. Los efectos redistributivos de carácter social, territorial y medioambiental se han tratado de identificar tanto para crear conciencia de su existencia como con el fin de incorporarlos rigurosamente a la evaluación del proyecto. Sin embargo, los efectos redistributivos de carácter intergeneracional derivados de la fórmula de financiación utilizada para llevar a cabo el proyecto han pasado relativamente desapercibidos hasta ahora. Los pagos que se realizan para sufragar los costos de los proyectos dependen del montaje financiero finalmente empleado. En este sentido, si se recurre a préstamos a muy largo plazo, serán los contribuyentes y/o usuarios de diferentes generaciones quienes terminarán soportando la carga financiera del proyecto. Pero si la inversión principal se sufraga directamente con los presupuestos anuales de las administraciones públicas, la carga financiera recaerá en los contribuyentes del período de construcción mientras usuarios que vivirán en las próximas décadas se benefician de los efectos positivos del proyecto. Relacionar el perfil temporal de pagos y beneficios a lo largo del ciclo de vida del proyecto permite obtener información acerca si existe un cierto equilibrio entre la distribución de la carga financiera y los beneficios que obtienen las generaciones sucesivas afectadas por el proyecto. A nivel microeconómico, se han discutido los impactos intergeneracionales, a menudo con un rigor insuficiente, en relación con la sostenibilidad ambiental y, principalmente, con respecto a la tasa de descuento de aplicación al ACB. Sin embargo, la estructuración financiera del proyecto podría tener un impacto mucho mayor en su legado. El problema de las consecuencias a largo plazo de las decisiones financieras se ilustra, a nivel macroeconómico, por los problemas de la deuda pública que enfrentan muchos países. En este trabajo se analizan y clasifican por primera vez los distintos efectos redistributivos asociados a los grandes proyectos de inversión en infraestructuras de transporte. La mayor contribución de esta tesis es, sin embargo, el desarrollo de una herramienta de análisis denominada "Ingergenerational Redistributive Effects Model¿ (IREM). El modelo ofrece una serie de indicadores estandarizados que son útiles para evaluar la conveniencia de la inversión desde la perspectiva de las sucesivas generaciones involucradas y, además, permite establecer hasta que punto la fórmula de financiación empleada es adecuada o no teniendo en cuenta los potenciales efectos redistributivos intergeneracionales que provoca. En síntesis, esta tesis doctoral presenta, desarrolla y pone en práctica una herramienta que permite caracterizar los impactos intergeneracionales de las principales inversiones en transporte. Estos impactos deberían incluirse en el amplio concepto de sostenibilidad del proyecto, aunque hasta ahora han pasado desapercibidos tanto para los responsables de la toma de decisiones como para los agentes financieros.
Deymier, Ghislaine Crozet Yves. "Capitalisation immobilière des gains d'accessibilité étude de cas sur l'agglomération lyonnaise /." Lyon : Université Lumière Lyon 2, 2005. http://demeter.univ-lyon2.fr:8080/sdx/theses/lyon2/2005/deymier_g.
Full textMermet, Eric. "Aide à l'exploration des propriétés structurelles d'un réseau de transport : conception d'un modèle pour l'analyse, la visualisation et l'exploration d'un réseau de transport." Thesis, Paris Est, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PEST1037.
Full textA transportation network is a complex spatial system characterized by four dimension types : geometric, topological, metric and relational. Thanks to these dimensions, it is possible to perform analysis situated in between the descriptive analysis of components from databases and functional analysis based on anthropogenic parameters. This analysis called structural helps to emphasize some properties of the network without usage context. It is established on the construction and analysis of indicators based on the relationship generated by the network: the relational indicators. They highlight their relational possibilities ; ie how their structure and spatial organization and topology of their components predispose to connect places in space in more or less easy way. Our work consists of designing a model for analysis and exploration of the structural properties of a transportation network. This type of analysis leads to a combinatorial complexity related to the number of relationships within the network, algorithmic complexity related to the calculation of indicators and visual complexity related to the difficulty to emphasize information. The proposed model aims to supply the user with the exploratory analysis of structural properties of the network by creating exploratory maps. Our model is composed of two parts. The first one allows to prepare static maps of exploration. The second one enables the visual combination of maps based on a graphic language. Both aspects of the model were developed in a prototype software called GeoGraphLab
Lanneaux, Marie-Agnès. "Grandes infrastructures de transport et territoire : valorisation et dynamique du territoire traversé par l'Autoroute A39." Besançon, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996BESA1019.
Full textAw, Thierno. "La ville nouvelle de Marne-la-Vallée et son insertion dans la dynamique francilienne : évaluation des enjeux du renforcement de la structure polycentrique sur les systèmes de déplacements." Phd thesis, Université Paris-Est, 2010. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00584880.
Full textAbdelkrim, Malek. "Analyse par le calcul des structures du comportement cyclique à long terme des infrastructures de transport." Phd thesis, Ecole des Ponts ParisTech, 2004. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00000644.
Full textAlquié, Philippe. "Infrastructures de transport et concurrence : analyse des enjeux liés à la libéralisation des transports en Europe." Paris 1, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA010287.
Full textTropeano, Jean-Philippe. "Espace, concurrence et information : le rôle des coûts de transport." Paris 1, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA010036.
Full textChoi, Nak-Song. "Le versement-transport pour le financement des transports collectifs urbains et suburbains en France et son applicabilité en Corée." Aix-Marseille 2, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991AIX24010.
Full textIn 1971, because of the accumulated TCU deficit, French government introduce a new TCU financing mode, i. E. The VT which is the participation of employers in TCU financing. The objective of our study is double: above all, draw up a balance sheet on the results of French VT, so as to estimate the success of this measure and to research eventual possibilities to reform. For this, in part I, after review the historical account of French VT, we examine the original situation of VT with regard to other modes or TCU financing. Then, we try a synthesis, so as to establish a theoretical setting of VT. Next, we analyse the incidents of VT in economic, socio-juridic and spatial fields, as well as the actor position to VT in French experiences. The 2e objective (part II) is to analyse the applicability of VT in Korea. For this, we establish first the priority order among the TCU financing needs in Seoul. Next, with the data as the originality of VT with regard to other proposed modes, the VT incidents and the eventual actor position in Korea, we analyse the possibility to apply French VT to Korea. According to our study, the application of VT, but with the modification of geographical application field, VT rate and employee number threshold is desirable, and it is foreseen for the period of 1991-1996, that of 7e quinquennal plan during which the urban autobus societies actually in private regime will enter in the deficit phase and the question of the new TCU organisation as public corporation will be seriously asked
Chapelon, Laurent. "Offre de transport et aménagement du territoire : évaluation spatio-temporelle des projets de modification de l'offre par modélisation multi-échelles des systèmes de transport." Tours, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997TOUR1802.
Full textThe aim of our research is to develop transport-facility planning software. Three different features defined passenger transport. The first one is the use of several modes of transport from the departture point to the destination. The second one is a reduction of travelling times and costs in inter-city transport. The third one is the increasing importance of connection phenomena between several transport networks. A multiscale modelizing process has been devised within the nod application program to study the spatial impact of a transport planning project. This process enables to do two things. On the one hand, such a process makes it possible to determine the existing interaction between local, departmental, regional, national and international levels of organization. On the other hand, it offers a thorough description of the full range of travelling means including final distances and inter-modal connections. The study of the connection phenomena in transport networks is essential to understand the impact of nodes on the urban and inter-urban transport links. Our accessibility calculation will consider the whole transport chain including transit and transport delays that occur inside the nodes. In fact nod new algorithm is able to simultaneously take account of public transport timetables and road travel durations for the minimum transport duration and path calculation
Sarraj, Rochdi. "Interconnexion des réseaux logistiques : éléments de définition et potentiel." Phd thesis, Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Paris, 2013. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00871048.
Full textDe, oliveira Monteiro Sara Paulina. "Economie de l'innovation, dépenses publiques productives et croissance économique : une étude empirique pour l'évaluation du rôle des infrastructures technologiques dans les pays de l'OCDE." Phd thesis, Université Nice Sophia Antipolis, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00966682.
Full textSANCHEZ, FLORES OSCAR LUIS. "Planification et impact des infrastructures de transport routier : theorie et applications selon une approche de modelisation discretisee." Cergy-Pontoise, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000CERG0106.
Full textde, Frias Lopez Ricardo. "Granular Materials for Transport Infrastructures : Mechanical performance of coarse–fine mixtures for unbound layers through DEM analysis." Licentiate thesis, KTH, Jord- och bergmekanik, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-195598.
Full textGrus i form av krossat bergmaterial används i stor utsträckning som obundna bär- och förstärkningslager inom tranportinfrastrukturen och spelar där en viktig roll för verkningsätt, drift och underhåll. Det finns emellertid begränsad kunskap om de fundamentala mekanismerna på partikelnivå (d.v.s. enskilda gruskorn), mekanismer som styr det makromekaniska verkningssättet. Områden såsom väg- och järnvägsbyggnad bygger fortfarande väsentligen på empiriskta baserade modeller p.g.a. dessa materials komplexa uppträdande under belastning. Denna komplexitet beror delvis på den diskreta naturen hos problemet vilket innebär att traditionell matematisk modellering som vore materialen homogena och kontinuerliga, blir inadekvat. Mot denna bakgrund utgör den s.k. diskreta elementmetoden (DEM) ett numeriskt alternativ för att studera verkningssätt hos diskreta system där man explicit beaktar mekanismerna på partikelnivå. Denna avhandling, som baseras på tre vetenskapliga bidrag, syftar till att ge mikromekaniska insikter vad gäller effekten av olika partikelstorlekar på bärförmågan hos grusmateral och dess inverkan på styvhet och motstånd mot permanenta deformationer. Båda dessa parametrar påverkas kraftigt av spänningsnivån och kan studeras genom triaxialförsök. För att undersöka detta studerades med hjälp av DEM binära blandningar av elastiska kulor – den enklaste modellen av grusmaterial med språng i fördelningskurvan – som utsattes för axialsymmetrisk belastning. Denna modell kan i sin tur ses som en förenkling av mer komplexa blandningar. Inledningsvis studerades effekten av finpartikelinnehållet på partikelkontakternas kraftöverföring. Resultaten användes för att klassificera olika typer av skelettstrukturer i grusmaterialet där den finare och den grövre fraktionens roller kvantifierades med utgångspunkt från kraftöverföringen i stället för från det makromekaniska verkningssättet. Resultaten visade en korrelation vad gäller verkningssättet mellan numeriska blandningar och grusmaterial, där de numeriska blandningarna kunde reproducera några av grusmaterials viktigaste kännetecken vad gäller spänningsberoendet för styvheten vid avlastning och motståndet mot permanent deformation. Vidare visades att styvheten kunde bestämmas ur första belastningscykeln vilket underlättar att övervinna de begränsningar avseende beräkningstid som annars förknippas med DEM. God överensstämmelse mellan grusmaterialets skelettstruktur och verkningssätt kunde också observeras. Generellt observerades högre styvhet och mindre permanenta deformationer för interaktiva skelettstrukturer medan det motsatta gällde för instabila strukturer. Numeriska blandningar av elastiska kulor är långt från verkliga grusmaterial, för vilka ett stort antal ytterligare faktorer måste beaktas. Icke desto mindre är det författarens övertygelse att detta arbete ger insikter i grusmaterialets skelettstruktur och dess effekter på det makromekaniska verkningssättet hos grusmaterial.
QC 20161116