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Academic literature on the topic 'Ingegneria tissutale'
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Ingegneria tissutale"
DEL, BIANCO FABRIZIO. "Simulazione della risposta elettromeccanica del tessuto cardiaco: approfondimenti sulla patofisiologia e ingegneria tissutale." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Pavia, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11571/1203353.
Full textThis thesis would like to contribute to the field of cardiac modeling by exploiting a strongly-coupled electromechanical model to face two challenging and innovative topics: cardiac pathologies, in particular hypertrophy, by analyzing the behavior of structures with an increasing geometric complexity (fiber, wedge and ventricle); cardiac tissue engineering, in particular the in vitro cultures designed to become implantable patches. The dissertation is organized as follows. Chapter 1 resumes the main anatomical and physiological features of the mammalian cardiac tissue, adding the example of pathology considered in this thesis, i.e. hypertrophy, and a brief discussion on cardiac cultures. Chapter 2 describes in detail the most general form of the electromechanical model and of the algorithm employed for simulating any cardiac structure in this thesis. Chapter 3 reports the simulation results about the electromechanical response of a cardiac fiber characterized by eccentric hypertrophic growth while it is subjected to different excitation-contraction protocols; an analysis on the mechanical feedbacks is included. Chapter 4 deals with the electromechanical response of a cardiac wedge contracting freely under concentric hypertrophic conditions, whose phenomena of tissue growth and fiber dispersion are analyzed. Chapter 5 studies the electromechanical response of a ventricle affected from aortic stenosis and concentric hypertrophy (characterized by tissue growth only) during an entire cardiac cycle; as in Chapter 3, the role of the mechanical feedbacks is investigated too. Chapter 6 analyzes the electromechanical effects dictated by the choice of a specific intrinsic structure and thickness for a cardiac culture developing into a patch for transplantation. Chapter 7 draws the overall conclusions of this work.
ROFANI, CRISTINA. "Cellule staminali: studio di base, espansione ed applicazioni in ingegneria tissutale." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Roma "Tor Vergata", 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2108/878.
Full textStem cells are very rare and this represents a big problem for clinical application. The use of umbilical cord blood, that could be a good alternative source of stem cells, is limited because of the poor number of stem cell that is not sufficient for transplantation. Accordingly, it will be very important to develop an assay to expand ex-vivo stem cell population. At the same time, for stem cell application in tissue engineering (for example bone tissue engineering) it could be very important to prepare a scaffold. This is why we studied an assay for ex-vivo expansion of hematopoietic stem cells isolated from cord blood and we did a screening of biomaterials for bone tissue engineering. A previous work reported that interleukin (IL)-16 can induce CD34+ hematopoietic cells to proliferate and differentiate in-vitro into phenotypically and functionally mature DCs. In this study, the effects of IL-16 on the expansion of CD34+ cells from human cord blood were investigated. IL-16 added to a basal cocktail (BC) composed of stem cell factor (SCF), Flt-3 ligand (FL), thrombopoietin (TPO), IL-6 e IL-3,of cytokines significantly enhanced the expansion of CD34+ cells, CD34+CD38-, early stem cells progenitor cells and long-term-culture-initiating-cells (LTC-IC). Moreover, CD34+ cells expanded with IL-16 maintained the capacity to differentiate into the lymphoid-B and -NK lineage. The addition of IL-16 to BC increased the migratory capacity of expanded CD34+ cells compared to BC alone and decreased the percentage of CD34+CD4+ cells. Overall, this study suggests that IL-16 may have a new role in promoting the expansion of hematopoietic stem cells and may represent a new tool for the expansion of CD34+ cells for clinical applications (Paper I). Scaffolds of different composition have been analysed to develop a novel multiphase biomaterial able to promote osteogenic differentiation of rabbit mesenchymal stem cells (rMSC). Results demonstrated that the multi-phase PCL/TZ-HA system showed improved rMSCs adhesion and osteoblast differentiation, thus demonstrating great potential for bone regeneration. (Paper II). Recent advances in tumour progression introduce the concept of cancer stem cells. According to this hypothesis, it will be important to identify new tumour markers and to develop new therapeutic strategies. Previous works demonstrated that increased expression of Eph receptors and their ephrin ligands have been implicated in promoting angiogenesis and tumour progression in several malignancies. Here the expression of mRNA for ephrin-B and EphB receptors in rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) cell lines and primary tumours were measured. A dysregulation of both ligands and receptors was found in all cell lines. A global up-regulation of ephrin-Bs and EphB receptors in RMS tumours was found. In embryonal tumours, a correlation between ligand and receptor was found. A correlation between EphB2 and EphB4 receptors was demonstrated in both tumour types. The dysregulation of ephrin-B and Eph-B in RMS and the correlations between ligand and receptors and between EphB2 and EphB4 suggest a possible role for ephrin-B and EphB in RMS development (Paper III).
Fioravanti, Andrea. "La biomimetica dello scaffold nell'ingegneria tissutale dell'osso." Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2015. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/8115/.
Full textLeoni, Elisa. "Schiume poliuretaniche nell'Ingegneria Tissutale." Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2017. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/14322/.
Full textFiorentini, Elisa <1981>. "Modulazione del differenziamento osteogenico di precursori mesenchimali umani per applicazioni di ingegneria tissutale." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2012. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/4582/1/Elisa_Fiorentini_Tesi.pdf.
Full textBone is a dynamic tissue, with the ability to adapt to its functional demands and repair itself by bone remodelling. The major effector cells of bone remodelling are osteoclast and osteoblast, they cooperate in order to maintain the balance between bone formation and bone resorption, essential for bone homeostasis. Disruption of this balance can diminish bone mass and micro-architectural integrity of the bone resulting in an increase in bone fragility and susceptibility to fractures, as evident in osteoporosis. It is known that, in the pathophysiology of the bone, a crucial role is played by endocrine and paracrine factors. Recent data suggest that bone remodeling may be influenced by the nervous system. The hypothesis is supported by the presence, in proximity of the bone, of sensory nerve fibers responsible for the release of some neuro peptides, like substance P. Iin capsaicin-treated animal has been shown the direct involvement of the nervous system in the maintenance of bone, this animal showed bone loss and increased bone fragility. For these reasons in recent years has intensified research in this field trying to understand the role of neuropeptides in the process of differentiation of mesenchymal precursors into osteogenic lineage. The mesenchymal stromal cells are undifferentiated multipotent cells present in the bone marrow, adipose tissue, umbilical cord and dental pulp. In these districts, MSC are in a quiescent state until they are required to local repair or tissue regeneration. MSC, suitably stimulated, can differentiate into different types of connective tissue such as, bone, cartilage and adipose. The research was designed to optimize a protocol for ex vivo expansion and to evaluate the effect of substance P, neuropeptide in the sensory endings in the vicinity of the bone, in the process of picking osteogenic.
Fiorentini, Elisa <1981>. "Modulazione del differenziamento osteogenico di precursori mesenchimali umani per applicazioni di ingegneria tissutale." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2012. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/4582/.
Full textBone is a dynamic tissue, with the ability to adapt to its functional demands and repair itself by bone remodelling. The major effector cells of bone remodelling are osteoclast and osteoblast, they cooperate in order to maintain the balance between bone formation and bone resorption, essential for bone homeostasis. Disruption of this balance can diminish bone mass and micro-architectural integrity of the bone resulting in an increase in bone fragility and susceptibility to fractures, as evident in osteoporosis. It is known that, in the pathophysiology of the bone, a crucial role is played by endocrine and paracrine factors. Recent data suggest that bone remodeling may be influenced by the nervous system. The hypothesis is supported by the presence, in proximity of the bone, of sensory nerve fibers responsible for the release of some neuro peptides, like substance P. Iin capsaicin-treated animal has been shown the direct involvement of the nervous system in the maintenance of bone, this animal showed bone loss and increased bone fragility. For these reasons in recent years has intensified research in this field trying to understand the role of neuropeptides in the process of differentiation of mesenchymal precursors into osteogenic lineage. The mesenchymal stromal cells are undifferentiated multipotent cells present in the bone marrow, adipose tissue, umbilical cord and dental pulp. In these districts, MSC are in a quiescent state until they are required to local repair or tissue regeneration. MSC, suitably stimulated, can differentiate into different types of connective tissue such as, bone, cartilage and adipose. The research was designed to optimize a protocol for ex vivo expansion and to evaluate the effect of substance P, neuropeptide in the sensory endings in the vicinity of the bone, in the process of picking osteogenic.
PAIUSCO, ALESSIO. "Ingegneria tissutale e rigenerazione ossea: biomateriali a confronto nella preservazione della cresta alveolare." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10281/81052.
Full textD'Orsi, Giovanni. ""3D Bioprinting" nell'ingegneria tissutale: applicazioni attuali e prospettive future." Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2018.
Find full textPolignieri, Benedetta Noemi. "Scaffold elettrofilati biodegradabili a base di PBS e cheratina per applicazioni in ingegneria tissutale." Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2019. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/17743/.
Full textD'Ademo, Nicole. "Peptidi autoassemblanti per la produzione di scaffold nell'ingegneria tissutale." Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2014. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/6996/.
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