Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Ingénieurs – Sociologie'
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Roquet, Pascal. "Les nouvelles formations d'ingénieurs : une approche sociologique." Versailles-St Quentin en Yvelines, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999VERS1003.
Full textIf you consider the organisation of the "Nouvelles formations d'lngenieurs" (NFI), we can remark thar the "Ecole nouvelle d'lngenieurs en communication" offers in France a revival of the engineer training. The point is to catch at the sens of modifications introduced on the subject of training, but as well in the professional group of engineers. Each new training process is concerned at the same time by the continuity and by gaps which are involved by the revival of engineer training process. Segmentation process and identity explain at the same time the reproduction of academic and professional pattern and the progressive transformation into these pattern. We have tried to show how this construction could be used for the last tentative to create a new style of engineer
Leclercq, Emmanuelle. "Les trajectoires des techniciens supérieurs : construction sociale d'une position." Université Marc Bloch (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997STR20032.
Full textInvestigations of this research are centred on the definition of the concept of path through the analysis of scholastic and professional itineraries of superior technicians in the fields of mechanics and electronics. The first part of this works is backed up by the definition of the historic evolution of technical teaching, in particular the subjects of level 3 in order to understand the construction mechanism of diplomas and their economy. Professional paths within work organisations will be understood through the analysis of the evolution of their qualifications and management techniques. There fore, these will be defined as the structural and social elements which determine professional paths. The second part of this research will deal with analysing the types of interventions and their effects. Depending on the kinds of paths that are uncovered, the analysis of the discourse will play an important role in understanding the meaning people give to their actions. Finally the concept of path will be defined by the relation between the discovered "habitus" and the elements of structure that give them meaning
Derouet, Antoine. "Conférer le titre, enseigner la profession, transmettre l’identité. Les formations d’ingénieurs au prisme de leurs enseignements socio-économiques : perspectives croisées Belgique-France." Thesis, Paris, EHESS, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020EHES0024.
Full textThe study of the evolution of engineers’ teaching program since the beginning of the XXth century shows a steady increase of « socio-économiques » teaching, which seems to be fundamental today on the curricula. This evolution is the product of a mobilisation, during the last century, from differents social groups which proposed their idea about this teaching in the training of engineers : meaning conferred on this training varied, on the other hand, authoritarian "necessity" of « introducing one » seemed of a remarkable constancy, although dressed in the character of the permanent novelty. The last century was quite particularly conducive has the establishment of such a debate, reinterpreting and overcoming the boundaries of the only Humanities present from the very beginning within these institutions. These various visions hide a conflict about the definition of the “good” engineers, their practices and their knowledges, which are particulary visible trought the lens of international comparison, between Belgium and France. One the one hand, the french project ceaselessly renewed to train the total engineer, the “cadre”, to whom the technical legitimacy would give a social position which it would be necessary to justify by news knowledge. On the second hand, the centrality of sciences and technicals knowledges on the engineers profession in Belgium. The sociological approach proposed here, attempts to put in prospect this reading grid with a topicality which sees the engineers training questioned again about this point, to make study on curricula’ determination a study on social production of professional group
Girard, Bérénice. "Les ingénieurs, le fleuve et l'État. Rôle et place des ingénieurs dans un grand projet technique : la gestion du Gange." Thesis, Paris, EHESS, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019EHES0088.
Full textOn June 13th, 2008, in Uttarkashi (Uttarakhand), a former professor of environmentalengineering at one of the country's leading engineering schools (IIT Kanpur), and formermember-secretary of the Central Pollution Control Board, G. D. Agrawal, began a hungerstrike to condemn the uncontrolled development of hydroelectric projects on the BhagirathiRiver, one of the two sources of the Ganges. This mobilization shares many similarities withthe one carried out since the 1980s by Veer Bhadra Mishra, a professor of hydraulicengineering at the Banaras Hindu University and Mahant of the Sankat Mochan temple, whodenounced the pollution of the river and the failures of government policies aimed at reducingit. Based on a detailed study of these two movements, this thesis analyses the hegemony ofpublic engineering on river management in India and the ability of movements coming fromthe profession to challenge it. In this respect, this work helps to shed light on the weight of theState in the structuring of the profession in India, on the evolution of public management andon the place of engineers in development policies in a context of economic liberalisation. Thisthesis thus describes the transformation of engineers' social positions, work practices andrelationship to the State, by highlighting different strategies of criticism, continued influenceor resistance
Rey, Claudie. "Du technicien à l'ingénieur : trajets professionnels, trajets identitaires : les stagiaires des nouvelles formations d'ingénieurs." Tours, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996TOUR2022.
Full textThe setting up of the new engineer-training programmes (both on an on-the-job or alternate basis) is a favoured strategy for compiling and opposing various themes : - structuring the body of engineers - valuing and rating expertise, - rising to engineer status for technicians by way of on-the-job training programmes - mobility and identity-building practices assessed by means of the study of the individual background of one crossover type comparing the angles of analysis for the author to apprehend the heterogeneous nature of the identity-centred process, which is by no way fully covered by the dominance-oriented approach. The method, both background-seeking and comprehensive, leads to connecting the global level of hierarchical constraints to that, more subjective, of how to interpret these constraints
Herbaut, Annie. "Les enjeux de l'enseignement de la sociologie dans une école d'ingénieurs : analyse du curriculum de l'Institut Supérieur d'Agriculture Rhône-Alpes de 1968 à 1994." Lyon 2, 1998. http://theses.univ-lyon2.fr/sdx/theses/lyon2/1998/adufour.
Full textThe instruction of general and rural sociology in the educational program of an engineering student at I. S. A. R. A. Constitues one of the specific aspects of the course of study. This experience leads us to question the stakes involved in teaching this academic discipline in professional training in higher education. Taking the curriculum and its correlation to its environment as the subject of study, we have been able to emphasize the successive finalities of sociology. At its foundation, the originality of this training lies in the establishment of an integrated curriculum. By contributing to the human and scientific aspects of professional training, sociology acts as a catalyst for the mechanism. Its reference to the paradigm of development allows this discipline to recommend an epistemology of apprenticeships and knowledge. The crisis of agriculture and that of its model of development have caused the mechanism to become fragile and have upset the place of engineers in agriculture. Confronted with these modifications, I. S. A. R. A. Is questioning the relevance of its course of study and is commiting itself to a phase of restructuring. Sociology is the subject of numerous controversies, notably due to its unifying role in the course of study. The variety of the areas of its application brings about the breakdown of sociology into individual operations. The variations of the finalities of sociology in formal curriculum are expressed in real curriculum. They reveal the difficulty of its identification in professional training of higher education. From the analysis of this experience, we have retained two stakes for sociology in training of this type : to transfer a sociological skill to the student from the register of knowledge and to develop a capacity for assessment. To intervene as an engineer, the assessment does not depend only on the discipline, but also on the relationships with the other disciplines and the correlation between instruction and real-life situations
Didier, Christelle. "Ethique et identité professionnelle des ingénieurs. Enquête sur les diplômés des écoles du Nord de la France." Phd thesis, Ecole des Hautes Etudes en Sciences Sociales (EHESS), 2002. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00779651.
Full textLe, Bianic Thomas. "Les "ingénieurs des âmes" : savoirs académiques, professionnalisation et pratiques des psychologues du travail de l'entre deux guerres à nos jours." Phd thesis, Université de la Méditerranée - Aix-Marseille II, 2005. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00096116.
Full textEyraud, Michel. "Les carrières managériales des ingénieurs : rôle de la formation initiale, des stratégies individuelles et des pratiques de gestion des grandes entreprises industrielles françaises." Lyon 3, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003LYO33001.
Full textMore than 80% of the French graduate engineers of a cohort work, at least once in a career, in commitments such as team leader and are often in charge of a project work, or business or general management. The aim of this research is to bring our answer to a few related questions: -"Why do we employ graduate engineers for managing tasks?" -"What are the component elements of processes that drive the graduate engineers to a managing position? What role do the different actors play? Are there specific career paths or schemes? How can the career be partly driven by the initial higher education? How do companies take part in the evolution of the graduate engineer's career?" This research work leans on several combined theoretical frames coming from administration sciences and sociology. The thesis methodology is based on several linked research grounds: Three French "Grandes Ecoles" and their graduates, three industrial major concerns, several databases of graduate engineers with their career paths. The thesis drives to emphasise different paths depending on the engineer's educational institution and suggest a typology i. E. A graduate engineer's segmentation. It also showed the important evolution of the managerial training and behaviour drill of the engineering students. The analysis of the administration policies and practices of several French industrial companies brought us to several conclusions: - The engineer is not recruited as a professional, but as a junior manager, with a capacity to adapt to various commitments : - The return of a kind of management via professional paths or "crafts". - The support to graduate engineers trough short or sometime long training sessions in famous institutions in close connection with their seniority in the company. - The increasing expectation of companies towards human, behavioural and managing abilities of engineers and executives, showed by the implementation of more complete evaluation tools and, theoretically more rigorous ones. Companies do not make distinctions between engineers and other executives within their career management. Finally, the thesis presents some recommendations towards the career managers and managing teams of colleges of engineering
Bidois, Anne. "La formation scientifique et technique dans l'enseignement supérieur à Rouen (1809-1985) : essai de sociologie historique." Rouen, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004ROUEL496.
Full textThe aim of this essay is to propose a local understanding on the constitution of the professional group of engineer, and more precisely those who target an industrial and commercial career. The essay assemble the historical matters that allow us to replay the complex moves of actors around the creation of superior technical and scientific education centers, implying men or institutions belonging to different environments and having heterogeneous representations of the link between initial education and industrial and commercial careers. The essay underlines the existence of two periods, closely linked to the implication of a collective actor coming fromindustrial world. Inspired by the Mulhouse model, it struggles, beginning the 1870' s, for setting up a connexionbetween the educational and production environments, taking engagements in private initiatives that will result in the birth of a business school and a engineering school, still in operation
Tuffa, Elsa. "L'Affiliation en crise : Les transformations du processus d'affiliation d'une population d'ingénieurs dans l'industrie automobile." Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016USPCC043.
Full textSince the 80s, the literature points to the rise of a malaise among managers, marked by the emergence of burnout syndrome and even suicides. The hypermodernity where the individual is accountable. For its construction as singular, autonomous and efficient in a changing and complex environnent provides an operative analytical framework for such a phenomenon. But it does not explain, from diachronie point of view, how these managers who were the model, thinkers and actors in the emerging process of such a figure were thus affected. Our thesis deals with this question by analyzing the changes in the affiliation process of a manager-engineer people at Renault. In a clinical approach, we analyze actualization and interference of psychic and social processes that govern the relationship of subjects to their company, from professional life narratives interviews. We show the construction of psychosocial envelopes, supported on group, organization and / or institution. These envelopes arc in charge of narcissistic contract and denial pacts in order to support manager's membership and to maintain manager's activity and company's structure. Through the analysis of voluntary redundancy plan and "false spics case" of Renault, we identify three crisis figures - Affiliate crisis, affiliation in crisis and catastrophic affiliation - that express the capacities and conditions the affiliate envelope containing organizational crises and their avatars. Finally, we show the movement of the supports of the affiliate envelope to the institution's border objects
Escarboutel, Michel. "Itinéraires professionnels et identité des ingénieurs issus du système d'enseignement supérieur agricole : le cas des ingénieurs agronomes de l'E.N.S.A.T et des ingénieurs en agriculture de l'E.S.A.P." Phd thesis, Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - INPT, 2000. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00111707.
Full textEychenne, Bertrand. "Le Colegio Militar de Bogota (1848-1884). La mise en place d'un enseignement supérieur scientifique et technique après l'indépendance de la Colombie." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SACLS176.
Full textAs Colombia becomes emancipated from the Spanish Crown in 1819, it has to strengthen its independence and is thus faced with a number of obstacles which come in the way of a stable scientific and technical education. By taking into account this postcolonial context and by focusing on the Colegio Militar of Bogota, a school of civil and military engineering between 1848 and 1884, this study describes the process which led to the foundation of such teachings and follows its evolution during the second half of the 19th century. The influence of power proves to be constant at the time and brings out such specificities as its mixed education curriculum, military and civil, its quest for utility or the absence of a selection process. Furthermore, the study of its curriculum reveals how its institutional vision influenced by party ideology shows through the teachings. It also demonstrates the ability of the various players to alter, at their level, this curriculum and manages to establish the continuity of its history despite the heterogeneity of their actions. Similarly, the analysis of the scientific and technical notions conveyed by this curriculum illustrates how, by adapting to the context, the diffusion of knowledge comes with scientific production. The decentralization entailed by our study leads us to consider the issue of transfer of knowledge, by showing how the study of an educational institution allows to tackle these mechanisms in their complexity. These circulations will be considered on different levels, locally with the regulating function of the school in the educational field, within the South American continent and toward the main hubs of scientific production in Europe and North America. Finally, this study sheds some light on the constitution and emergence of a professional group in Colombia namely, civil engineers, which is tightly linked to that of science teachers. By following the trail of former students of the Colegio Militar, we become acquainted with the strategies they adopt to ensure that both their profession and the right to practise it is acknowledged
Letiembre, isabelle. "Maîtres d'oeuvre et commanditaires de la demeure privée en Bretagne au XVIIIe siècle : les constructions du bassin rennais et de l'arrière-pays malouin." Rennes 2, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000REN20015.
Full textIn the 18th century in Brittany a good number of private residences were erected mainly initiated by members of Parliament and merchants. First it was necessary to wonder about the initiators of the project -civil engineers and local architects- in charge of giving plans and of building these edifices ; it clear y appears that these persons where gathered within a socioprofessional group unrecognized until then : training, tools, financial conditions ; professionnal relationships ; social life ; family links. . . The Breton members of Parliament -who moreover belonged essentially to the old nobility of Brittany- and the freshly ennobled merchants of Saint-Malo where the main owners of these private edifices- country et private mansions. The fact that they belong to the same social category and friendly relations favoured the awareness of a cast within these groups. However the part of their fortune that they devoted to this realisations was not necessarily important. It is telling of the architecture of the Age of the Enlightment in Brittany : we are not faced with real architectural programms in the province. The edifices of the actual region of Ille-et-Vilaine certainly show the general characteristics of the French architecture of the 18th century but don't particularly distinguished themselves
Coutant, Hadrien. "Un capitalisme d'ingénieurs : construire un groupe aéronautique après une fusion." Thesis, Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016IEPP0031/document.
Full textThis thesis explores the post-merger integration dynamics of an industrial group, following the path of a French aeronautics firm, Safran, between 2005 and 2015. Based on an ethnography of the Research and Development division producing aeronautic on-board electronics, 160 interviews and review of grey literature, the thesis analyzes the integration strategies and devices at two distinct levels – top management and engineering teams. This thesis aims to understanding how integration is produced at both levels after a merger, against conflicting and centrifugal forces. The Safran case shows how a new political order is built in a firm around organizational structures based on sociotechnical interdependences and engineers’ professional ideology. This “engineering capitalism” – a notion that explains and characterizes the specific mode of integration at Safran – is linked with the technocratic thought of the French engineering grands corps. It is made economically viable by the shape of the aeronautics market and the kind of competition that takes place within it. It is a means for the top management of the firm to collectively articulate a market strategy and shareholders’ enrollment – including the State as a shareholder – with the internal integration of the enterprise. This work is based on a combination of sociology of organizations and firms, economic sociology and sociology of work
Massot, Christophe. "Les dynamiques du compromis productif." Phd thesis, Université de la Méditerranée - Aix-Marseille II, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00441206.
Full textMartin-O'Brien, Josiane. "L'internationalisation du management en Inde par la formation : les effets du "PGPMX" sur des managers indiens de grandes entreprises industrielles publiques." Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PSLED064.
Full textIn the context of the effects of globalization on an emerging economy, the research presented here is aimed at demonstrating the process of internationalization of middle managers in Indian industrial enterprises, via advanced management training. These very large public enterprises are both, key actors engaged in deploying globalization effects, and the objects of those transformations. Based on empirical and qualitative study, using semi-structured interviews carried out in these large Indian industrial enterprises, what follows is a report describing and modeling the internationalization of a panel of former participants of a Post Graduated Diploma in Management for Executives (PGPMX), of American MBA inspiration. The originality of this research is to offer a reflexive report of the nature of this training, as the participants experienced it, and the consequences for them professionally and personally. This allows the investigation of the fit of managerial practices and theory as offered by business schools, using the US model vis-à-vis the managerial demands in Indian enterprises, wrapped in the specificities of the Indian culture. As an interpretative strategy, the data gathered from the extensive field work was treated in reference to the project of Pierre Bourdieu—with particular attention to the figure of habitus, and special focus on modifications of capital’—symbolic, cultural and social; Result show a gain in all three, and reveal a residual tension between the new management principles, and the traditional values. This research, should be of value for the Human Resource Development function of Indian Industrial Enterprises, and for the schools of management—both Indian and Western, that offer these training programs. It should also interest foreign enterprises that seek entry into the Indian market, by enabling a better comprehension of the ‘symbolic violence’, associated with the intrusion of foreign cultural practices and values
Chatzis, Konstantinos. "La régulation des systèmes socio-techniques sur lalongue durée : le cas du système d'assainissement urbain." Phd thesis, Ecole Nationale des Ponts et Chaussées, 1993. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00345049.
Full textorganisationnelles) développées au sein des systèmes socio-techniques, c'est à dire des systèmes composés d'éléments techniques (physiques) et organisationnels, formellement
organisées sur la base de normes, des règles et de rôles, plus ou moins standardisés, en vue de réaliser des objectifs prédéfinis. Son terrain empirique est composé de trois systèmes socio-techniques. Deux historiques relativement brefs, portant sur le monde
industriel (taylorisme : 1880-1980), et le métropolitain de Paris (1900-1990), préparent le terrain pour la présentation systématique du concept central de ce travail, celui de mode de régulation, à travers lequel nous essayons de donner un fondement théorique à
l'explication du mouvement — émergence et formation, stabilisation, crise — des pratiques de régulation développées au sein d'un système socio-technique. Une fois le concept de mode de régulation exposé, nous procédons à une étude approfondie des
pratiques de régulation dans le domaine de l'assainissement (1850-1990).
Les lectures parallèles des trajectoires de trois systèmes étudiés ici révèlent des connivences quant aux logiques de régulation à l'oeuvre. Pensée et projetée sur un mode homéostatique, la régulation cherche son efficacité dans la norme et les pratiques
codifiées ; ces dernières étant objectivées très souvent dans des dispositifs techniques et cristallisées dans des architectures fonctionnelles marquées par des cloisonnements forts et pauvres en communication. Or, cette logique semble entrer aujourd'hui entrer dans une phase de mise en cause profonde. La dernière partie de la thèse, centrée sur les mutations actuelles dans le domaine de l'assainissement, essaie de dessiner les lignes de force qui paraissent majeures dans les évolutions en cours.
Thomas-Chauffin, Solene. "SSII, laboratoire de formes modernes de mise au travail ?" Thesis, Lyon 2, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LYO20122.
Full textDefining the concepts of "work" and "job", we observed the importance of "information system " in the reinvention of "work".Noting the loss and modification of „jobs“ ; evidenced by layoffs and reorganization of enterprises , the work does not disappear , however, and invites new forms , such as statutes of freelance and student , but also by positioning the consumer as a worker.Work visible, in the form of wage labor, to work "hidden" , it is the whole society that is reinvented, and calls for new social perspectives.Through the study of two IT compagnies, for a period of 5 years , we are interested in various forms of work activity concerning 152 computer engineers .Understand the context of IT compagnies as a laboratory for modern forms of development work has enabled us to identify these updates in innovative work and valuations.The information system is forming as the undisputed center of this change of work, allows the establishment of normalized and standardized work , draws the new border of work, and open to new rewarding social and economic opportunities.If the information system contributes to the implementation of these new forms of work , managerial decisions are to be at the origin of this use.To what paradigm directs us, this use of information system?